,*APT] #h1 ,SECTION #h4 
,RESPONSIBILITY ,( ,MAN ,& ,( ,GOD1 ,UND] ,! ,LAW ,( ,CONTRADICTION1 ,OR ,A ,SOLUTION ,( ,! ,PROBLEM ,( ,PROVID5CE 

#ahdfahdf 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PI]RE-,JOSEPH ,PR\DHON 

,TEXT 3 

,*APT] #h 

  ,*,A,P,T,] ,V,I,I,I4  

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,! ANCI5TS BLAM$ HUMAN NATURE = ! PRES5CE ( EVIL 9 ! WORLD4 

,*RI/IAN !OLOGY HAS ONLY EMBROID]$ ?IS !ME 9 ITS [N FA%ION2 &1 AS ?AT !OLOGY SUMS UP ! :OLE RELIGI\S P]IOD EXT5D+ FROM ! ORIG9 ( SOCIETY TO \R [N TIME1 IT MAY BE SAID ?AT ! DOGMA ( ORIG9AL S91 HAV+ 9 ITS FAVOR ! ASS5T ( ! HUMAN RACE1 ACQUIRES BY ?AT V]Y FACT ! HI<E/ DEGREE ( PROBABILITY4 

,SO1 ACCORD+ TO ALL ! TE/IMONY ( ANCI5T WISDOM1 EA* PEOPLE DEF5D+ ITS [N 9/ITUTIONS AS EXCELL5T & GLORIFY+ !M1 IT IS NOT TO RELIGIONS1 OR TO GOV]NM5TS1 OR TO TRADITIONAL CU/OMS ACCR$IT$ BY ! RESPECT ( G5]ATIONS1 ?AT ! CAUSE ( EVIL MU/ BE TRAC$1 BUT RA!R TO A PRIMITIVE P]V]SION1 TO A SORT ( CONG5ITAL MALICE 9 ! WILL ( MAN4 ,AS TO ! QUE/ION H[ A BE+ C\LD HAVE P]V]T$ & CORRUPT$ ITSELF ORIG9ALLY1 ! ANCI5TS AVOID$ ?AT DIFFICULTY BY FABLES3 ,EVE'S APPLE & ,P&ORA'S BOX HAVE REMA9$ CELEBRAT$ AMONG !IR SYMBOLIC SOLUTIONS4 

,NOT ONLY1 !N1 HAD ANTIQUITY POSIT$ 9 ITS MY?S ! QUE/ION ( ! ORIG9 ( EVIL2 IT HAD SOLV$ IT BY ANO!R MY?1 9 UNHESITAT+LY AFFIRM+ ! CRIM9ALITY AB OVO ( \R RACE4 

,MOD]N PHILOSOPH]S HAVE ]ECT$ AGA9/ ! ,*RI/IAN DOGMA A DOGMA NO LESS OBSCURE1 -- ?AT ( ! DEPRAVITY ( SOCIETY4 ,MAN IS BORN GOOD1 CRIES ,R\SSEAU1 9 HIS P]EMPTORY /YLE2 BUT SOCIETY -- ?AT IS1 ! =MS & 9/ITUTIONS ( SOCIETY -- DEPRAVES HIM4 ,9 SU* T]MS WAS =MULAT$ ! P>ADOX1 OR1 BETT]1 ! PROTE/1 ( ! PHILOSOPH] ( ,G5EVA4 

,N[1 IT IS EVID5T ?AT ?IS IDEA IS ONLY ! ANCI5T HYPO!SIS TURN$ AB\T4 ,! ANCI5TS ACCUS$ ! 9DIVIDUAL MAN2 ,R\SSEAU ACCUSES ! COLLECTIVE MAN3 AT BOTTOM1 IT IS ALWAYS ! SAME PROPOSITION1 AN ABSURD PROPOSITION4 

,NEV]!LESS1 9 SPITE ( ! FUNDAM5TAL ID5TITY ( ! PR9CIPLE1 ,R\SSEAU'S =MULA1 PRECISELY BECAUSE IT WAS AN OPPOSITION1 WAS A /EP =W>D2 CONSEQU5TLY IT WAS WELCOM$ ) 5?USIASM1 & IT BECAME ! SIGNAL ( A REACTION FULL ( CONTRADICTIONS & ABSURDITIES4 ,S+UL> ?+6 IT IS TO ! ANA!MA LAUN*$ BY ! AU?OR ( 0,EMILE0 AGA9/ SOCIETY ?AT MOD]N SOCIALISM IS TO BE TRAC$4 

,= ! LA/ SEV5TY OR EI<TY YE>S ! PR9CIPLE ( SOCIAL P]V]SION HAS BE5 EXPLOIT$ & POPUL>IZ$ BY V>I\S SECT>IANS1 :O1 :ILE COPY+ ,R\SSEAU1 REJECT ) ALL !IR MI<T ! ANTI-SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY ( ?AT WRIT]1 )\T P]CEIV+ ?AT1 BY ! V]Y FACT ?AT !Y ASPIRE TO RE=M SOCIETY1 !Y >E AS UNSOCIAL OR UNSOCIABLE AS HE4 ,IT IS A CURI\S SPECTACLE TO SEE !SE PSEUDO-9NOVATORS1 CONDEMN+ AFT] ,JEAN ,JACQUES MON>*Y1 DEMOCRACY1 PROP]TY1 COMMUNISM1 ?9E & M9E1 MONOPOLY1 WAGES1 POLICE1 TAXATION1 LUXURY1 COMM]CE1 MONEY1 9 A WORD1 ALL ?AT CON/ITUTES SOCIETY & )\T :I* SOCIETY IS 9CONCEIVABLE1 & !N ACCUS+ ?IS SAME ,JEAN ,JACQUES ( MISAN?ROPY & P>ALOGISM1 BECAUSE1 AFT] HAV+ SE5 ! EMPT9ESS ( ALL UTOPIAS1 AT ! SAME TIME ?AT HE PO9T$ \T ! ANTAGONISM ( CIVILIZATION1 HE /]NLY CONCLUD$ AGA9/ SOCIETY1 ?\< RECOGNIZ+ ?AT )\T SOCIETY !RE IS NO HUMANITY4 

,I ADVISE ?OSE :O1 ON ! /R5G? ( :AT SL&]]S & PLAGI>I/S SAY1 IMAG9E ?AT ,R\SSEAU EMBRAC$ HIS !ORY ONLY FROM A VA9 LOVE ( ECC5TRICITY1 TO READ 0,EMILE0 & ! 0,SOCIAL ,CONTRACT0 ONCE MORE4 ,?AT ADMIRABLE DIALECTICIAN WAS L$ TO D5Y SOCIETY FROM ! /&PO9T ( JU/ICE1 AL?\< HE WAS =C$ TO ADMIT IT AS NECESS>Y2 JU/ AS WE1 :O BELIEVE 9 AN 9DEF9ITE PROGRESS1 DO NOT CEASE TO D5Y1 AS NORMAL & DEF9ITIVE1 ! EXI/+ /ATE ( SOCIETY4 ,ONLY1 :]EAS ,R\SSEAU1 BY A POLITICAL COMB9ATION & AN $UCATIONAL SY/EM ( HIS [N1 TRI$ TO BR+ MAN NE>] TO :AT HE CALL$ NATURE1 & :AT SEEM$ TO HIM ! IDEAL SOCIETY1 WE1 9/RUCT$ 9 A PR(\ND] S*OOL1 SAY ?AT ! TASK ( SOCIETY IS TO CONT9UALLY SOLVE ITS ANT9OMIES1 -- A MATT] ( :I* ,R\SSEAU C\LD HAVE HAD NO IDEA4 ,?US1 AP>T FROM ! N[ AB&ON$ SY/EM ( ! 0,SOCIAL ,CONTRACT10 & SO F> AS CRITICISM ALONE IS CONC]N$1 SOCIALISM1 :ATEV] IT MAY SAY1 IS /ILL 9 ! SAME POSITION AS ,R\SSEAU1 =C$ TO RE=M SOCIETY 9CESSANTLY1 -- ?AT IS1 TO P]PETUALLY D5Y IT4 

,R\SSEAU1 9 %ORT1 SIMPLY DECL>$ 9 A SUMM>Y & DEF9ITIVE MANN] :AT ! SOCIALI/S REPEAT 9 DETAIL & AT EV]Y MOM5T ( PROGRESS1 -- NAMELY1 ?AT SOCIAL ORD] IS IMP]FECT1 ALWAYS LACK+ SOME?+4 ,R\SSEAU'S ]ROR DOES NOT1 CAN NOT LIE 9 ?IS NEGATION ( SOCIETY3 IT CONSI/S1 AS WE %ALL %[1 9 HIS FAILURE TO FOLL[ HIS >GUM5T TO ! 5D & D5Y AT ONCE SOCIETY1 MAN1 & ,GOD4 

,H[EV] ?AT MAY BE1 ! !ORY ( MAN'S 9NOC5CE1 CORRESPOND+ TO ?AT ( ! DEPRAVITY ( SOCIETY1 HAS AT LA/ GOT ! UPP] H&4 ,! IMM5SE MAJORITY ( SOCIALI/S -- ,SA9T-,SIMON1 ,[51 ,F\RI]1 & !IR DISCIPLES2 COMMUNI/S1 DEMOCRATS1 PROGRESSIVES ( ALL SORTS -- HAVE SOLEMNLY REPUDIAT$ ! ,*RI/IAN MY? ( ! FALL TO SUB/ITUTE !RE = ! SY/EM ( AN AB]RATION ON ! P>T ( SOCIETY4 ,&1 AS MO/ ( !SE SECT>IANS1 9 SPITE ( !IR FLAGRANT IMPIETY1 W]E /ILL TOO RELIGI\S1 TOO PI\S1 TO F9I% ! WORK ( ,JEAN ,JACQUES & TRACE BACK TO ,GOD ! RESPONSIBILITY = EVIL1 !Y HAVE F\ND A WAY ( D$UC+ FROM ! HYPO!SIS ( ,GOD ! DOGMA ( ! NATIVE GOODNESS ( MAN1 & HAVE BEGUN TO FULM9ATE AGA9/ SOCIETY 9 ! F9E/ FA%ION4 

,! !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL CONSEQU5CES ( ?IS REACTION W]E ?AT1 EVIL -- ?AT IS1 ! EFFECT ( 9T]NAL & EXT]NAL /RUGGLE -- BE+ ABNORMAL & TRANSITORY1 P5AL & REPRESSIVE 9/ITUTIONS >E LIKEWISE TRANSITORY2 ?AT 9 MAN !RE IS NO NATIVE VISE1 BUT ?AT HIS 5VIRONM5T HAS DEPRAV$ HIS 9CL9ATIONS2 ?AT CIVILIZATION HAS BE5 MI/AK5 AS TO ITS [N T5D5CIES2 ?AT CON/RA9T IS IMMORAL1 ?AT \R PASSIONS >E HOLY2 ?AT 5JOYM5T IS HOLY & %\LD BE S\<T AFT] LIKE VIRTUE ITSELF1 BECAUSE ,GOD1 :O CAUS$ US TO DESIRE IT1 IS HOLY4 ,&1 ! WOM5 COM+ TO ! AID ( ! ELOQU5CE ( ! PHILOSOPH]S1 A DELUGE ( ANTI-RE/RICTIVE PROTE/S HAS FALL51 QUASI DE VULVA ]UMP5S1 TO MAKE USE ( A COMP>ISON FROM ! ,HOLY ,SCRIPTURES1 UPON ! WOND]-/RICK5 PUBLIC4 

,! WRIT+S ( ?IS S*OOL >E RECOGNIZABLE BY !IR EVANGELICAL /YLE1 !IR MELAN*OLY !ISM1 &1 ABOVE ALL1 !IR 5IGMATICAL DIALECTICS4 

0,!Y BLAME HUMAN NATURE10 SAYS ,M4 ,L\IS ,BLANC1 0= ALMO/ ALL \R EVILS2 ! BLAME %\LD BE LAID UPON ! VICI\S *>ACT] ( SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS4 ,LOOK >\ND Y\3 H[ MANY TAL5TS MISPLAC$1 & ,C,O,N,S,E,Q,U,5,T,L,Y DEPRAV$6 ,H[ MANY ACTIVITIES HAVE BECOME TURBUL5T = WANT ( HAV+ F\ND !IR LEGITIMATE & NATURAL OBJECT6 ,!Y =CE \R PASSIONS TO TRAV]SE AN IMPURE M$IUM2 IS IT AT ALL SURPRIS+ ?AT !Y BECOME ALT]$8 ,PLACE A HEAL?Y MAN 9 A PE/IL5T ATMOSPH]E1 & HE WILL 9HALE DEA?4 4 4 4 ,CIVILIZATION HAS TAK5 A WRONG ROAD1 4 4 4 & TO SAY ?AT IT C\LD NOT HAVE BE5 O!RWISE IS TO LOSE ! RI<T TO TALK ( EQUITY1 ( MORALITY1 ( PROGRESS2 IT IS TO LOSE ! RI<T TO TALK ( ,GOD4 ,PROVID5CE DISAPPE>S TO GIVE PLACE TO ! GROSSE/ FATALISM40 

,! NAME ( ,GOD RECURS =TY TIMES1 & ALWAYS TO NO PURPOSE1 9 ,M4 ,BLANC'S 0,ORGANIZATION ( ,LABOR10 :I* ,I QUOTE FROM PREF]5CE1 BECAUSE 9 MY VIEW IT REPRES5TS ADVANC$ DEMOCRATIC OP9ION BETT] ?AN ANY O!R WORK1 & BECAUSE ,I LIKE TO DO IT HONOR BY REFUT+ IT4 

,?US1 :ILE SOCIALISM1 AID$ BY EXTREME DEMOCRACY1 DEIFIES MAN BY D5Y+ ! DOGMA ( ! FALL1 & CONSEQU5TLY DE?RONES ,GOD1 H5CE=? USELESS TO ! P]FECTION ( HIS CREATURE1 ?IS SAME SOCIALISM1 ?R\< M5TAL C[>DICE1 FALLS BACK UPON ! AFFIRMATION ( ,PROVID5CE1 & ?AT AT ! V]Y MOM5T :5 IT D5IES ! PROVID5TIAL AU?ORITY ( HI/ORY4 

,& AS NO?+ /&S SU* *ANCE ( SUCCESS AMONG M5 AS CONTRADICTION1 ! IDEA ( A RELIGION ( PLEASURE1 R5EW$ FROM ,EPICURUS DUR+ AN ECLIPSE ( PUBLIC REASON1 HAS BE5 TAK5 AS AN 9SPIRATION ( ! NATIONAL G5IUS2 IT IS ?IS ?AT DI/+UI%ES ! NEW !I/S FROM ! ,CA?OLICS1 AGA9/ :OM ! =M] HAVE 9VEI<$ SO L\DLY DUR+ ! LA/ TWO YE>S ONLY \T ( RIVALRY 9 FANATICISM4 ,IT IS ! FA%ION TODAY TO SPEAK ( ,GOD ON ALL OCCASIONS & TO DECLAIM AGA9/ ! POPE2 TO 9VOKE ,PROVID5CE & TO SC(F AT ! ,*UR*4 ,?ANK ,GOD6 WE >E NOT A!I/S1 SAID 0,LA ,RE=ME0 ONE DAY2 ALL ! MORE1 IT MI<T HAVE ADD$ BY WAY ( 9CREAS+ ITS ABSURDITY1 WE >E NOT ,*RI/IANS4 ,! WORD HAS GONE =? TO EV]Y ONE :O HOLDS A P5 TO BAMBOOZLE ! PEOPLE1 & ! FIR/ >TICLE ( ! NEW FAI? IS ?AT AN 9F9ITELY GOOD ,GOD HAS CREAT$ MAN AS GOOD AS HIMSELF2 :I* DOES NOT PREV5T MAN1 UND] ! EYE ( ,GOD1 FROM BECOM+ WICK$ 9 A DETE/ABLE SOCIETY4 

,NEV]!LESS IT IS PLA91 9 SPITE ( !SE SEMBLANCES ( RELIGION1 WE MI<T EV5 SAY !SE DESIRES = IT1 ?AT ! QU>REL BETWE5 SOCIALISM & ,*RI/IAN TRADITION1 BETWE5 MAN & SOCIETY1 MU/ 5D BY A D5IAL ( ,DIV9ITY4 ,SOCIAL REASON IS NOT DI/+UI%ABLE BY US FROM ABSOLUTE ,REASON1 :I* IS NO O!R ?AN ,GOD HIMSELF1 & TO D5Y SOCIETY 9 ITS PA/ PHASES IS TO D5Y ,PROVID5CE1 IS TO D5Y ,GOD4 

,?US1 !N1 WE >E PLAC$ BETWE5 TWO NEGATIONS1 TWO CONTRADICTORY AFFIRMATIONS3 ONE :I*1 BY ! VOICE ( 5TIRE ANTIQUITY1 SETT+ ASIDE AS \T ( ! QUE/ION SOCIETY & ,GOD :I* IT REPRES5TS1 F9DS 9 MAN ALONE ! PR9CIPLE ( EVIL2 ANO!R :I*1 PROTE/+ 9 ! NAME ( FREE1 9TELLIG5T1 & PROGRESSIVE MAN1 ?R[S BACK UPON SOCIAL 9FIRMITY &1 BY A NECESS>Y CONSEQU5CE1 UPON ! CREATIVE & 9SPIR+ G5IUS ( SOCIETY ALL ! DI/URBANCES ( ! UNIV]SE4 

,N[1 AS ! ANOMALIES ( SOCIAL ORD] & ! OPPRESSION ( 9DIVIDUAL LIB]TIES >ISE PR9CIPALLY FROM ! PLAY ( ECONOMIC CONTRADICTIONS1 WE HAVE TO 9QUIRE1 9 VIEW ( ! DATA :I* WE HAVE BR\<T TO LI<T3 

#a4 ,:E!R FATE1 :OSE CIRCLE SURR\NDS US1 EX]CISES A CONTROL OV] \R LIB]TY SO IMP]I\S & COMPULSORY ?AT 9FRACTIONS ( ! LAW1 COMMITT$ UND] ! DOM9ION ( ANT9OMIES1 CEASE TO BE IMPUTABLE TO US8 ,&1 IF NOT1 :5CE >ISES ?IS CULPABILITY PECULI> TO MAN8 

#b4 ,:E!R ! HYPO!TICAL BE+1 UTT]LY GOOD1 OMNIPOT5T1 OMNISCI5T1 TO :OM FAI? ATTRIBUTES ! SUPREME DIRECTION ( HUMAN AGITATIONS1 HAS NOT HIMSELF FAIL$ SOCIETY AT ! MOM5T ( DANG]8 ,&1 IF SO1 TO EXPLA9 ?IS 9SUFFICI5CY ( ,DIV9ITY4 

,9 %ORT1 WE >E TO F9D \T :E!R MAN IS ,GOD1 :E!R ,GOD HIMSELF IS ,GOD1 OR :E!R1 TO ATTA9 ! FULLNESS ( 9TELLIG5CE & LIB]TY1 WE MU/ SE>* = A SUP]IOR CAUSE4 

,FROM 3 ,UNIV]SITY ( ,VIRG9IA ,LIBR>Y4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahde 3 ,*APT] #h1 ,SECTION #h4 -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #h1 ,SECTION #h4 -- ,ADD$4 

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