,/ONEWALL ,MEANS ,RIOT ,RIS S9CE ! UPRIS+ AT ! ,/ONEWALL ,9N 9 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY CATAPULT$ ! MOVEM5T = ,L,G,B,T,Q"4 LIB]ATION 9TO PUBLIC CONSCI\SNESS1 ?IS PHRASE HAS BECOME A CLI*E4 ,YES1 IT WAS A RIOT--BUT :AT K9D ( RIOT WAS IT8 ,ON ! ANNIV]S>Y ( ! ICONIC QUE] REBELLION1 MANY ( US >E REFLECT+ ON H[ TODAY'S /RUGGLES AGA9/ POLICE & :ITE SUPREMACY CONNECT TO PA/ UPRIS+S4 ,LET'S LOOK AT ! RESONANCES BETWE5 ,/ONEWALL & ! ,JU/ICE = ,GEORGE ,FLOYD REBELLIONS & :AT !SE %[ US AB\T H[ TO CATALYZE RESI/ANCE TO OPPRESSION4 ,SO :AT K9D ( RIOT WAS ,/ONEWALL8 ,/ONEWALL WAS A VIOL5T ANTI-POLICE RIOT4 ,IT WAS A RIOT 9 :I* FURI\S QUE]S ATTEMPT$ TO 9JURE POLICE (FIC]S & SET !M ON FIRE 9 ! C\RSE ( FID40 ,IT WAS A VIOL5T1 *AOTIC BLA/ ( RAGE AGA9/ ! 9/ITUTION RESPONSIBLE = 9FLICT+ SO MU* CRUELTY & MIS]Y UPON QUE] PEOPLE 9 ! CITY4 ,ON ! FIR/ NIBAGE 9 ! /REETS1 & DE/ROY$ A P>K+ MET]4 ,TO EV]Y 0PEACEFUL PROTE/]0 TODAY3 IF Y\ 9SI/ ?AT VIOL5T PROTE/ IS ALWAYS C\NT]-PRODUCTIVE1 QUE] HI/ORY IS NOT ON Y\R SIDE4 ,IT WAS A LEAD]LESS1 MULTIRACIAL RIOT4 ,!RE W]E NO 0DEM&S40 ,! EV5TS W]5'T SPONSOR$ BY ANY ORGANIZATION4 ,CONTEMPOR>Y CLAIMS ?AT ,/ONEWALL WAS 0L$0 BY ,BLACK TRANS WOM5 OR O!R ID5TITY-SPECIFIC CATEGORIES1 :ILE ADMIRABLE 9 !IR EF=TS TO R$RESS EXCLUSIONS FROM HI/ORY1 FAIL TO CAPTURE ! FLUID1 LEAD]LESS QUALITY ( ! RIOTS4 ,:ILE 5DLESS CONTROV]SIES SWIRL OV] :O ?REW ! FIR/ BRICK OR ! PRECISE DEMOGRAPHICS ( ! CR[DS1 ! EVID5CE WE HAVE FROM PHOTOS & CONTEMPOR>Y ACC\NTS MAKES ONE ?+ CLE>3 IT WAS A FI]CE ATTACK AGA9/ ! POLICE C>RI$ \T BY A MULTIRACIAL GR\P ( Y\NG QUE]S1 MO/LY MALE-ASSIGN$ BUT ( V>I$ G5D] PRES5TATIONS1 )\T ! SANCTION OR DIRECTION ( ANY GR\P4 ,POLITICAL RADICALS P>TICIPAT$1 BUT ! MAJORITY ( PEOPLE 9 ! /REETS W]E ANGRY QUE]S )\T ANY P>TICUL> ALLEGIANCE TO ANY ORGANIZATION OR IDEOLOGY1 F$ UP ) ! OPPRESSION !Y FAC$ EV]Y DAY4 ,SELF-APPO9T$ 0COMMUNITY LEAD]S0 FROM ! ,NEW ,YORK ,MATTA*9E ,SOCIETY CRITICIZ$ ! RIOTS4 ,!Y 9/ALL$ A SIGN ON ! SMA%$ UP ,/ONEWALL ,9N ATTEMPT+ TO GET ! REBELS TO BEHAVE3 0,WE HOMOSEXUALS PLEAD ) \R PEOPLE TO PLEASE HELP MA9TA9 PEACEFUL & QUIET CONDUCT ON ! /REETS ( ! ,VILLAGE40 ,:Y DID ! ,MATTA*9E--! MO/ ACTIVE GAY RIT1 !Y WANT$ TO BECAUSE !Y HAD BE5 5GAG$ 9 NEGOTIATIONS ) ! ,N,Y,P,D = YE>S1 HOP+ TO CURB VICE SQUAD (FIC]S' EF=TS TO 5TRAP M5 SEEK+ SEX ) O!R M54 ,TO !IR CR$IT1 !IR EF=TS HAD HELP$ TO SUB/ANTIALLY R$UCE C]TA9 =MS ( ANTI-QUE] POLICE H>ASSM5T4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 !Y HAD E/ABLI%$ !MSELVES AS ! M$IATORS & REPRES5TATIVES ( ! GAY COMMUNITY VIS-A-VIS ! POLICE--& N[ ! P[] !Y HAD BUILT WAS ?REAT5$ BY UNGOV]NABLE1 \TRAG$ QUE]S :O REFUS$ TO NEGOTIATE4 ,/ONEWALL WAS A Y\? RIOT4 ,! Y\NG PEOPLE :O CONGREGAT$ 9 & >\ND ! B>--MANY ( !M HU/L]S OR SEX WORK]S1 MANY ( !M HOMELESS OR PREC>I\SLY H\S$--W]E SOME ( ! QUE]S MO/ AGGRESSIVELY T>GET$ BY ! POLICE & MO/ SEV]ELY EXPLOIT$ BY ! ,MAFIA-DRIV5 B> 9DU/RY & OLD]1 WEAL?I] QUE]S4 ,! ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES REPORT$ ON ! SECOND NID4 ,/ONEWALL WAS FUN4 ,QUE5S DANC$ A CAN-CAN L9E 9 FRONT ( ! POLICE 9 SILLY DRAG4 ,PROTE/]S RAN >\ND1 FLIRT$1 CAMP$1 TAUNT$ COPS1 SANG1 & G5]ALLY REVEL$ 9 ! EXHIL>AT+ AMBIANCE ( %>$ RESI/ANCE4 ,! CULTURE ( PLAYFUL DEFIANCE ?AT Y\NG /REET QUE]S HAD DEVELOP$ OV] MANY YE>S WAS AN 9TEGRAL ELEM5T ( ! RIOTS1 5ABL+ !M TO OV]COME FE> & VIOL5CE & TO GIVE EXPRESSION TO !IR RAGE4 ,SO !RE >E IMPORTANT RESONANCES BETWE5 TODAY'S REBELLIONS & ! CATALYTIC P[] ( ! ,/ONEWALL RIOTS HALF A C5TURY AGO4 ,BO? ! GAY LIB]ATION MOVEM5T FROM #aifi ON & ! ,BLACK ,LIVES ,MATT] MOVEM5TS ( REC5T YE>S EXPLOD$ 9TO PUBLIC CONSCI\SNESS 9 ! AFT]MA? ( RIOTS AGA9/ POLICE--NOT PEACEFUL PROTE/S1 NOT ORGANIZATION-BUILD+1 NOT 0W9N+ HE>TS & M9DS10 NOT MOBILIZ+ 0ALLIES40 ,! *>ACT]I/ICS %>$ BY !SE TWO UPRIS+S & ! CIRCUM/ANCES ?AT PROVOK$ !M (F] USEFUL 9SIASSM5T1 VIOL5CE1 & MASS >RE/S ( QUE] PEOPLE W]E COMMONPLACE 9 ! ,U,S 9 #a#i#f#i2 ANTI-,BLACK VIOL5CE & POLICE MURD]S >E TRAGICALLY ORD9>Y OCCURR5CES 9 ! ,U,S TODAY4 ,!SE EXPLOSIONS DID NOT TAKE PLACE BECAUSE ! 9JU/ICES ?AT PROMPT$ !M W]E EXCEPTIONAL4 ,NEI!R /RAIASSM5T = YE>S BY #a#i#f#i2 SMALL PROTE/S HAD BEGUN TO TAKE PLACE 9 O!R CITIES OV] ANTI-GAY POLICE H>ASSM5T4 ,LIKEWISE1 PROTE/S AGA9/ RACI/ POLICE VIOL5CE HAVE BROK5 \T CONSI/5TLY ACROSS ! ,U,S = MANY YE>S4 ,:AT *ANG$8 ,9 BO? ! ,/ONEWALL RIOTS & ! ,JU/ICE = ,GEORGE ,FLOYD DEMON/RATIONS1 ! DIFF]5CE WAS ?AT PROTE/]S BEGAN US+ TACTICS ?AT 9T]RUPT$ LAW & ORD]1 RESPECTABILITY1 NONVIOL5CE1 & P]MISSION FROM AU?ORITIES4 ,9 SO DO+1 !Y W]E VIOLAT+ ! NORMS SET BY BO? SOCIETY AT L>GE & !IR [N MOVEM5TS4 ,ONLY BY PHYSICALLY FIE P[]FUL4 ,)9 A WEEK ( ! MURD] ( ,GEORGE ,FLOYD1 SOLID>ITY PROTE/S HAD TAK5 PLACE 9 ALL #e ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES--& SOON AFT]1 9 OV] #e C\NTRIES WORLDWIDE4 ,?IS OCCURR$ ?ANKS TO ! AUTONOM\S 9ITIATIVE ( C\NTLESS ORD9>Y PEOPLE1 MANY ( :OM W]E NOT CONNECT$ TO =MAL ORGANIZATIONS & ACTIVI/ NETWORKS1 :O WANT$ TO %[ SUPPORT = ! REBELS 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS & TO CONTE/ RACISM & POLICE P[] LOCALLY4 ,9 MANY PLACES1 MULTIPLE DEMON/RATIONS TOOK PLACE ON ! SAME DAY1 ALL[+ PEOPLE TO P>TICIPATE :5EV] & :]EV] !Y W]E ABLE TO & TO *OOSE !IR PREF]R$ TACTICS1 DEGREE ( RISK1 & POLITICAL FRAM+4 ,?IS DEC5TRALIZATION & ABS5CE ( =MAL LEAD]%IP HAS MAXIMIZ$ P>TICIPATION & M9IMIZ$ ! RISK ( COORD9AT$ REPRESSION AS C\NTLESS =MS ( RESI/ANCE HAVE EM]G$ FROM ! MANY-HEAD$ HYDRA ( ! MOVEM5T4 ,?IS E*OES ! PROLIF]ATION ( ,GAY ,LIB]ATION ,FRONT *APT]S ?AT EXPLOD$ ACROSS ! ,U,S 9 ! AFT]MA? ( ! ,/ONEWALL RIOTS4 ,LIT]ALLY HUNDR$S ( GR\PS SPRANG UP 9 #aifi & #a#i#g1 MANY 9 PLACES :]E NO GAY ORGANIZATION HAD EV] EXI/$2 :ILE MANY W]E %ORT-LIV$1 !Y HELP$ TO RADICALIZE AN 5TIRE G5]ATION ( Y\NG GAY & LESBIAN PEOPLE1 EXPON5TIALLY EXP&+ ! VISIBILITY ( ! COMMUNITY & ! =MS ( ACTIVISM ?AT W]E EM]G+ FROM IT4 ,:ILE NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS GRADUALLY EM]G$ LAT] 9 ! #a#i#gS & #a#i#hS1 R$IRECT+ GRASSROOTS 5]GY T[>DS LOBBY+ & C5TRALIZ$ POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS1 ! ,L,G,B,T,Q"4 MOVEM5T HAS REMA9$ /UBBORNLY DEC5TRALIZ$ ) A GREAT DEAL ( LOCAL V>IATION & AV5UES = GRASSROOTS P>TICIPATION EV]Y:]E4 ,)9 A YE> ( ! ,/ONEWALL RIOTS1 MANY P>TICIPANTS 9 ! ,GAY ,LIB]ATION ,FRONT :O W]E FRU/RAT$ BY ! 5TR5*$ SEXI/1 ANTI-TRANS"91 & RACI/ ATTITUDES !Y 5C\NT]$ 9 ! NEW GR\PS SPLIT (F TO =M LESBIAN FEM9I/1 TRANS"91 &_/OR ,?IRD ,WORLD_/PEOPLE ( COLOR-SPECIFIC QUE] ORGANIZATIONS4 ,9 TODAY'S AGE ( 9T]SECTIONAL POLITICS1 MORE PEOPLE ACKN[L$GE & PRIORITIZE !SE PROBLEMS2 ,L,G,B,T,Q"4 ORGANIZATIONS 9 P>TICUL> >E HIN$ FROM CRITIQUES ( PREVI\S ,BLACK LIB]ATION /RUGGLES1 9TEGRAT+ A FOCUS ON G5D] & SEXUALITY & 9TRA-COMMUNITY DIFF]5CES 9TO !IR ORGANIZ+1 :I* HAS 9CALCULABLY /R5G!N$ ! DEMON/RATIONS4 ,:ILE MANY OBS]V]S HAVE REM>K$ ON ! MULTIRACIAL *>ACT] ( ! DEMON/RATIONS ACROSS ! ,U,S S9CE ,FLOYD'S MURD]1 SIGNIFICANT DISAGREEM5TS P]SI/ OV] H[ TO UND]/& ! DYNAMICS BETWE5 P>TICIPANTS POSITION$ DIFF]5TLY 9 RELATION TO :ITE SUPREMACY & ANTI-,BLACK VIOL5CE4 ,:E!R AS 0ALLIES0 OR ACCOMPLICES1 AS FOLL[]S ( ,BLACK LEAD]%IP OR AUTONOM\S REBELS SEEK+ !IR [N LIB]ATION1 :ITE & O!R NON-,BLACK PROTE/]S %\LD SEEK TO BUILD ONGO+ RELATION%IPS ( TRU/ ) ,BLACK REBELS AS WE DEVELOP NEW MODELS = /RUGGLE4 ,Y\NG PEOPLE >E TAK+ ! LEAD4 ,! ,/ONEWALL & ,JU/ICE = ,GEORGE ,FLOYD RIOTS W]E CATALYZ$ BY ! WIDESPREAD P>TICIPATION ( RADICAL Y\?1 L>GELY ACT+ \TSIDE ! *ANNELS PREF]R$ BY OLD] ACTIVI/S & P[] BROK]S4 ,TODAY1 TOO1 WE %\LD C5T] ! ACTIVITY ( REBELLI\S Y\NG PEOPLE--SEEK+ TO SUPPORT !IR 9ITIATIVES RA!R ?AN ATTEMPT+ TO DIRECT OR CONTROL !M4 ,OLD] G5]ATIONS ) MORE PROTE/ EXP]I5CE CAN (F] VALUABLE SKILLS & RES\RCES FROM /REET TACTICS & SECURITY MEASURES TO CONNECTIONS = BAIL MONEY4 ,BUT ! RESPONSES WE HAVE SE5 FROM 0MOVEM5T ELD]S0 TO BO? UPRIS+S %[ ?AT MANY ( !M WILL TRY TO SL[ ! MOVEM5T D[N & R$IRECT IT T[>DS CONV5TIONAL POLITICS ?AT REC5TRALIZE !IR LEAD]%IP--IF WE LET !M4 ,RESI/ANCE MU/ BE JOY\S4 ,! ,FLOYD PROTE/S HAVE V>I$ WIDELY 9 !IR *>ACT] & TONE1 BUT AS MANY ACC\NTS 9DICATE1 !RE IS A WIDESPREAD ATMOSPH]E ( PLAYFUL1 PASSIONATE DEFIANCE ALONGSIDE ! M\RN+ & RAGE4 ,MUSIC & DANCE HAVE PLAY$ A CRITICAL ROLE 9 BUILD+ ! C\RAGE & 5]GY ( CR[DS1 :ILE ! %>P-$G$ HUMOR ( MEME CULTURE HAS 9SPIR$ CREATIVE SIGNS & HELP$ TO SPREAD ! MESSAGES ( ! MOVEM5T4 ,DRAW+ ON ! CRITICAL ROLE ( MUSIC & CULTURE ?R\<\T C5TURIES ( ,BLACK FRE$OM /RUGGLES & PICK+ UP ON ! 9NOVATIVE BL5D+ ( >T & CUTT+-$GE QUE] ES!TICS BY ,A,C,T-,U,P & O!R MORE REC5T MOVEM5TS1 !SE DEMON/RATIONS DRAW ON A LONG TRADITION ( JOYFUL RESI/ANCE TO P[]4 #e ,YE>S ( ,COMMEMORAT+ ! ,/ONEWALL ,RIOTS ,TODAY M>KS ! FIFTIE? ANNIV]S>Y ( ! FIR/ M>*ES COMMEMORAT+ ! RESI/ANCE ( QUE] RIOT]S AT ,/ONEWALL4 ,NEW ,YORK'S 0,*RI/OPH] ,/REET ,LIB]ATION ,DAY ,M>*0--! MORE DEPOLITICIZ$ T]M 0,PRIDE0 ONLY CAUS AFT]W>DS--& ITS C\NT]P>TS 9 ,LOS ,ANGELES1 ,*ICAGO1 & ,SAN ,FRANCISCO M>K$ ! EM]G5CE ( A TR5D ?AT N[ SPANS ! GLOBE4 ,! COMM]CIALIZATION ( CORPORATE ,PRIDE7,T,M7 FE/IVALS HAS BE5 ?OR\*ES 9 MANY PLACES1 RESI/+ ! POLICE HAS ALWAYS BE5 AN ESS5TIAL ASPECT ( ?IS HI/ORY4 ,:ILE ANTI-CAPITALI/ *ALL5GES TO CORPORATE ,PRIDE CONT9UE1 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ POLICE IS 9T]TW9$ ) ! V]Y ROOTS ( \R COLLECTIVE HI/ORY1 UND]SCOR+ ! CONTRADICTIONS ( SECURITIZ$1 COP-9CLUSIVE ,PRIDES4 ,S9CE ! RISE ( ! ,BLACK ,LIVES ,MATT] MOVEM5T 9 ! AFT]MA? ( ! ,F]GUSON UPRIS+1 CONFLICTS ]UPT$ OV] ! PRES5CE ( POLICE AT ,PRIDE FE/IVALS 9 ,TORONTO1 ,COLUMBUS1 & SEV]AL O!R CITIES4 ,LA/ YE>1 ON ! FIFTIE? ANNIV]S>Y ( ! ,/ONEWALL RIOTS1 DEMON/RATORS 9 ,SAN ,FRANCISCO %UT D[N ! P>ADE 9 PROTE/ AGA9/ ! 9CLUSION ( POLICE1 :ILE 9 ,NEW ,YORK1 A L>GE UNP]MITT$ 0,RECLAIM ,PRIDE0 QUE] LIB]ATION M>* (F]$ A RADICAL ALT]NATIVE TO ! ,N,Y,P,D-SATURAT$ MA9/REAM P>ADE4 ,?IS YE> 9 ,SAN ,FRANCISCO1 ,MIAMI1 ,*ICAGO1 ,NEW ,YORK1 & MANY O!R CITIES1 ,L,G,B,T,Q"4 ORGANIZ]S >E PROTE/+1 NOT P>TY+1 9 SOLID>ITY ) ,BLACK ,LIVES ,MATT]4 ,!SE EV5TS HIITY0 M>* ) ,BLACK ,LIVES ,MATT] 9 ! C\RSE ( PLANN+ ,LOS ,ANGELES ,PRIDE1 A MASSIVE \TCRY =C$ ! ORGANIZATION TO CANCEL ! APPLICATION & )DRAW FROM ! ORGANIZ+ 5TIRELY4 ,:ILE ,/ONEWALL GETS ! MO/ PRESS [+ TO ! ,PRIDE TRADITION IT HELP$ TO LAUN*1 O!R GAY RIOTS SU* AS ! ONES AT ,COOP]'S ,D\VEY ,MILK ALONG ) ,SAN ,FRANCISCO MAYOR ,GEORGE ,MOSCONE4 ,?\S&S ( GAY RIOT]S F\S1 & ATTACK$ ,SAN ,FRANCISCO'S ,CITY ,HALL4 ,AFT] ! 0,:ITE ,NI*I/ COMM5TATOR EVALUAT$ ! PA? =W>D 9 />K T]MS3 ,:E!R OR NOT A NEWLY RE=G$ ,/ONEWALL ,NATION WILL RISE \T ( ! A%ES ( BURN+ POLICE C>S DEP5DS ON GAY PEOPLE1 NOT !IR SELF-PROCLAIM$ 0LEAD]S40 0,:ITE ,MONDAY0 CRY/ALLIZ$ ! SITUATIONS3 ! L9E ( DEM>CATION HAS BE5 DRAWN4 ,ONE CAN SIDE ) ! SO-CALL$ 0RIOT]S0 OR ONE CAN SIDE ) ! POLICE--BUT !RE IS NO MIDDLE GR\ND4 ,A BATTLE IS RAG+ ALL OV] ?IS C\NTRY1 & IT HAS BE5 RAG+ = YE>S3 A GRIM1 SIL5T BATTLE L>GELY UNACKN[L$G$ EXCEPT BY ITS VICTIMS1 GIV5 NO PUBLICITY EXCEPT :5 IT ]UPTS 9TO ! OP5 AS IT DID ,MAY #b#a/4 ,ON ONE SIDE1 !RE IS ! ,/ATE--& ON ! O!R SIDE !RE IS ! GAY COMMUNITY4 ,*OOSE SIDES4 ,UNTIL REC5TLY1 IT APPE>$ ?AT MU* ( ! ,L,G,B,T,Q"4 COMMUNITY HAD *OS5 ! PA? ( ASSIMILATION1 COLLABORAT+ ) ! /ATE AT ! EXP5SE ( ITS VULN]ABLE MEMB]S & EV]YONE ON ! RECEIV+ 5D ( RACIALIZ$ OPPRESSION4 ,BUT ! CONFLICTS OV] POLIC+ & ,PRIDE 9 REC5T YE>S1 COM+ TO A HEAD ?IS WEEK5D 9 ! CONTEXT ( ,C,O,V,I,D-#a#i & ! ,FLOYD PROTE/S1 9DICATE A DEEP & GR[+ RIFT--& ! POSSIBILITY ( RADICAL TRANS=MATION4 ,P]HAPS QUE] PEOPLE TODAY1 9SPIR$ BY ! C\RAGE ( ,BLACK ,LIVES ,MATT] & RECALL+ \R [N RIOT\S HI/ORY1 >E READY TO REVISIT ?AT *OICE4 ,?IS TIME1 LET'S *OOSE ! RI*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bbb 3 ,/ONEWALL ,MEANS ,RIOT ,RI