,*APT] #a 
,ON ,SOCIALISM1 ,/ATE & ,*RI/IAN 

#aiai 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY 

,TEXT 3 

0,LOOK+ ,BACKW>D0 IS EXCELL5T4 ,ONE ?+ IS BAD1 NAMELY1 ! ,SOCIALI/1 ,M>XIAN IDEA ?AT IF ONE DOES WRONG = A V]Y LONG TIME1 GOOD WILL 5SUE ( ITS [N ACCORD4 0,CAPITAL IS ACCUMULAT$ 9 ! H&S ( A FEW2 IT WILL 5D BY BE+ HELD BY ONE4 ,ALL TRADES-UNIONS WILL BE ALSO UNIT$ 9TO ONE4 ,!RE >E CAPITAL & LABOR1--DIVID$4 ,AU?ORITY OR REVOLUTION WILL UNITE !M1 & ALL WILL BE WELL40 ,! *IEF PO9T IS ?AT NO?+ 9 \R CIVILIZATION WILL DIM9I%1 NO?+ REC$E2 !RE WILL BE ! SAME MANSIONS1 ! SAME GA/RONOMIC D9N]S1 SWEETS1 W9ES1 C>RIAGES1 HORSES1--ONLY EV]Y?+ WILL BE ACCESSIBLE TO ALL4 

,IT IS 9COMPREH5SIBLE ?AT !Y DO NOT SEE ?IS TO BE IMPOSSIBLE4 ,TAKE = 9/ANCE ! LUXURIES ( ! H\SE ( 
 ,YASNAIA ,POLIANA1 & DIVIDE !M AMONG ! PEASANTS4 ,IT CAN'T BE DONE4 ,!Y W\LD BE ( NO USE TO !M4 ,LUXURY MU/ BE GIV5 UP4 ,NO?+ WILL DO SO LONG AS VIOL5CE1 CAPITAL1 & 9V5TION >E DIRECT$ T[>DS ?AT :I* IS UNNECESS>Y4 ,& 9 ORD] TO GET AT :AT IS NECESS>Y = ! MASSES1 EV]Y?+ MU/ BE TE/$4 

,BUT ! *IEF ?+ IS ?AT WE MU/ BE READY TO R5\NCE ALL ! IMPROVEM5TS ( \R CIVILIZATION1 RA!R ?AN ALL[ ?OSE CRUEL 9EQUALITIES :I* CON/ITUTE \R SC\RGE4 ,IF ,I REALLY LOVE MY BRO!R1 !N ,I %ALL NOT HESITATE TO DEPRIVE MYSELF ( A DRAW+-ROOM1 9 ORD] TO %ELT] HIM :5 HE IS HOMELESS4 ,AS IT IS1 WE SAY ?AT WE WI% TO %ELT] \R BRO!R1 BUT ONLY ON CONDITION ?AT \R DRAW+-ROOMS REMA9 FREE = RECEPTIONS4 ,WE MU/ DECIDE :OM WE WILL S]VE--,GOD OR MAMMON4 ,TO S]VE BO? IS IMPOSSIBLE4 ,IF WE >E TO S]VE ,GOD1 WE MU/ BE PREP>$ TO GIVE UP LUXURY & CIVILIZATION2 BE+ READY TO 9TRODUCE !M AGA9 TOMORR[1 BUT ONLY = ! COMMON & EQUAL USE ( ALL4 

44444 

,! MO/ PR(ITABLE SOCIAL >RANGEM5T 7ECONOMIC & O!RWISE7 IS ONE 9 :I* EA* ?9KS ( ! GOOD ( ALL1 & DEVOTES HIMSELF UNRES]V$LY TO ! S]VICE ( ?AT WELF>E4 ,IF ALL W]E SO DISPOS$1 EA* W\LD D]IVE ! GREATE/ POSSIBLE AM\NT ( GOOD4 

,! MO/ UNPR(ITABLE GR\P+ ( PEOPLE 7ECONOMICALLY & O!RWISE7 IS ?AT 9 :I* EA* WORKS = HIMSELF ONLY1 DEP5DS & PROVIDES = HIMSELF ONLY4 ,IF ?IS W]E UNIV]SALLY ! CASE1 IF !RE W]E NOT AT LEA/ FAMILY GR\PS 9 :I* PEOPLE WORK = ONE ANO!R1 ,I DO NOT ?9K M5 C\LD LIVE4 

,H[EV]1 PEOPLE HAVE NOT ?IS YE>N+ = ! WELF>E ( O!RS2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 EA* IS /RIV+ = HIS [N WELF>E1 TO ! DETRIM5T ( O!RS4 ,BUT ?IS /ATE ( ?+S IS SO UNPR(ITABLE ?AT M5 SPE$ILY GR[ WEAK 9 ! /RUGGLE4 ,& N[1 BY ! V]Y NATURE ( ?+S1 IT OCCURS ?AT ONE MAN OV]P[]S O!RS & MAKES !M S]VE HIM4 ,& !  
RESULT IS A MORE PR(ITABLE LABOR ( M5 9/EAD ( ! UNPR(ITABLE 9DIVIDUAL ONE4 

,BUT 9 SU* ASSOCIATIONS ( M5 !RE APPE> 9EQUALITY & OPPRESSION4 ,& !RE=E PEOPLE >E MAK+ ATTEMPTS AT EQUALIZATION 7SU* AS ! ATTEMPTS AT COOP]ATIONS1 COMMUNES7 & AT ! LIB]ATION ( M5 7SU* AS POLITICAL RI<TS74 ,EQUALIZATION ALWAYS LEADS TO DISADVANTAGE ( ! WORK DONE4 ,9 ORD] TO EQUALIZE ! REMUN]ATION1 ! BE/ WORKMAN IS BR\<T D[N TO ! LEVEL ( ! WOR/2 ?+S 9 USE >E DIVID$ 9 SU* A MANN] ?AT NO ONE MAY HAVE MORE1 OR BETT]1 ?AN ANO!R1 AS 9 ! P>TITION ( L&2 & ?IS IS :Y ! DIVISIONS ( L& >E BE+ MADE SMALL] & SMALL]1 A PRACTICE DISADVANTAGE\S TO ALL4 ,LIB]ATION FROM OPPRESSION BY POLITICAL RI<TS IS LEAD+ TO EV5 GREAT] EXCITEM5T & ILL-WILL4 ,?US ATTEMPTS AT EQUALIZATION & DELIV]ANCE FROM OPPRESSION >E MADE1 ?\< )\T SUCCESS2 :ILE ! UNIFICATION1 ! SUBJUGATION ( EV] GREAT] & GREAT] NUMB]S ( M5 BY ONE IS ALWAYS 9CREAS+4 ,! GREAT] ! C5TRALIZATION ( LABOR ! MORE PR(ITABLE IT IS1 BUT ALSO ! MORE /RIK+ & REVOLT+ IS ! 9EQUALITY4 

,:AT1 !N1 IS TO BE DONE8 ,9DIVIDUAL LABOR IS UNPR(ITABLE2 C5TRALIZ$ LABOR IS MORE PR(ITABLE1 BUT ! 9EQUALITY & OPPRESSION >E T]RIBLE4 

,SOCIALI/S WI% TO REMOVE 9EQUALITY & OPPRESSION BY ASSIGN+ ALL CAPITAL TO ! NATION1 TO HUMANITY1 SO ?AT ! C5TRALIZ$ UNIT WILL BECOME HUMANITY ITSELF4 ,BUT1 9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 NOT ONLY HUMANITY1 BUT EV5 NATIONS DO NOT AS YET ADMIT ! NECESSITY = ?IS1 & UNTIL !Y DO1 ?IS SY/EM CANNOT BE ADOPT$ BY ALL HUMANITY2 SECONDLY1 AMONG M5 /RIV+ EA* = HIS [N WELF>E1 IT W\LD BE IMPOSSIBLE TO F9D M5 SUFFICI5TLY DIS9T]E/$ TO MANAGE ! CAPITAL ( HUMANITY )\T TAK+ ADVANTAGE ( !IR P[]--M5 :O W\LD NOT AGA9 9TRODUCE 9TO ! WORLD 9EQUALITY & OPPRESSION4 

,& SO HUMANITY /&S UNAVOIDABLY FACE TO FACE ) ?IS DILEMMA3 EI!R ! =W>D MOVEM5T ATTA9$ BY ! C5TRALIZATION ( LABOR MU/ BE R5\NC$1--!RE MU/ EV5 BE RETROGRESSION RA!R ?AN AN 9FR+EM5T ( EQUALITY OR ALL[ANCE ( OPPRESSION1--OR ELSE IT %\LD BE BOLDLY ADMITT$ ?AT 9EQUALITY & OPPRESSION MU/ EXI/1 ?AT 0:5 WOOD IS *OPP$1 SPL9T]S WILL FLY10 ?AT !RE MU/ BE VICTIMS1 & ?AT /RUGGLE IS ! LAW ( HUMANITY4 ,& ?IS VIEW IS1 9 FACT1 ADOPT$ & SUPPORT$ BY C]TA9 PEOPLE4 ,BUT1 SIDE BY SIDE ) IT1 !RE RES\NDS EV] L\D] & L\D] ! PROTE/S ( ! DISPOSSESS$1 ! MOANS ( ! OPPRESS$ & ! VOICES ( ! 9DIGNANT RAIS$ 9 ! NAME ( ! IDEAL ( ,*RI/1 ( TRU? & GOOD2 :I* IDEAL IS ACKN[L$G$ BY \R SOCIETY ONLY (FICIALLY4  

,BUT ANY *ILD CAN SEE ?AT ! GREATE/ ADVANTAGE W\LD RESULT TO ALL IF EV]YONE W]E TO 9T]E/ HIMSELF 9 ! COMMON CAUSE1 & !RE=E TO BE PROVID$ = AS A MEMB] ( ! :OLE4 ,AS1 H[EV]1 ?IS IS NOT ! PRACTICE1 AS IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO 5T] 9TO ! S\L ( EV]YONE & CONTROL IT1 & AS TO P]SUADE EV]YBODY IS ALSO IMPOSSIBLE1 OR W\LD TAKE 9F9ITELY LONG1 !RE REMA9S BUT ONE O!R C\RSE3 TO ASSI/ ! C5TRALIZATION ( LABOR1 RESULT+ FROM ! SUBJUGATION ( ! MANY BY ! FEW1 & AT ! SAME TIME TO CONCEAL FROM ! DISPOSSESS$ !IR 9EQUALITY ) ! =TUNATE1 TO W>D (F !IR ATTACKS1 & TO HELP & AF=D *>ITY TO ! OPPRESS$4 ,& ?IS IS BE+ DONE2 BUT ! CONC5TRATION ( CAPITAL 9CREASES MORE & MORE1 & ! 9EQUALITY & OPPRESSION GR[ EV] MORE CRUEL4 ,& SIDE BY SIDE ) ?IS1 5LI<T5M5T BECOMES MORE G5]AL & ! 9EQUALITY & ! CRUELTY ( OPPRESSION MORE EVID5T BO? TO OPPRESS$ & OPPRESSORS4 ,FUR!R MOVEM5T 9 ?IS DIRECTION IS BECOM+ IMPOSSIBLE2 SO ?OSE :O ?9K LITTLE1 :O DO NOT LOOK TO ! LOGICAL CONCLUSION1 PROPOSE IMAG9>Y REM$IES1 CONSI/+ 9 ! $UCATION ( M5 9 ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ! NECESSITY ( COOP]ATION = ! SAKE ( GREAT] ADVANTAGE4 ,?IS IS ABSURD4 ,IF ! AIM BE GREAT ADVANTAGE1 !N EV]YONE WILL  
GET ?IS ADVANTAGE = HIMSELF 9 ! CAPITALI/IC ORGANIZATIONS4 ,& !RE=E  
NO?+ EXCEPT TALK RESULTS FROM !SE ATTEMPTS4 

,! ORGANIZATION MO/ PR(ITABLE = ALL WILL BE ATTA9$ NOT :ILE EV]YONE'S AIM  
IS PR(IT1 MAT]IAL WELF>E1 BUT ONLY :5 ! AIM ( ALL IS ?AT WELF>E :I* IS  
9DEP5D5T ( E>?LY WELL-BE+--:5 EV]YONE WILL SAY FROM HIS HE>T1 0,BLESS$ >E ! POOR2 BLESS$ >E ?OSE ?AT WEEP1 ?OSE :O >E P]SECUT$4 ,ONLY :5 EV]YONE SEEKS1 NOT MAT]IAL BUT SPIRITUAL WELF>E1 :I* ALWAYS CO9CIDES ) SACRIFICE1 IS V]IFI$ BY SACRIFICE--ONLY !N WILL RESULT ! GREATE/ WELF>E = ALL4 

,TAKE ?IS SIMPLE ILLU/RATION3 ,PEOPLE LIVE TOGE!R2 IF !Y TIDY UP REGUL>LY1 CLEAN UP AFT] !MSELVES1 EV]YONE HAS TO DO V]Y LITTLE 9 ORD] TO PRES]VE ! G5]AL CLEANL9ESS4 ,BUT EV]YONE IS ACCU/OM$ TO HAVE ?+S TIDI$ & CLEAN$ UP AFT] HIM2 :AT1 !N1 HAS HE TO DO :O WI%ES TO KEEP ! PLACE CLEAN8 ,HE MU/ WORK = ALL1 MU/ BE IMM]S$ 9 DIRT4 ,& IF HE WILL NOT DO ?IS1 WILL WORK ONLY = HIMSELF1 HE WILL NOT ATTA9 HIS AIM4 ,( C\RSE IT W\LD BE EASI] TO ORD] ALL ! O!RS2 BUT !RE IS NO ONE :O CAN SO ORD]4 ,!RE REMA9S BUT ONE C\RSE--ONESELF TO WORK = O!RS4  

,&1 9DE$1 9 A WORLD :]E ALL >E LIV+ = !MSELVES1 TO BEG9 TO LIVE = O!RS A LITTLE IS IMPOSSIBLE2 ONE MU/ GIVE ONESELF UP 5TIRELY4 ,& IT IS JU/ ?IS ?AT ! CONSCI5CE1 5LI<T5$ BY ,*RI/1 DEM&S4 
"9"9"9"9"9 
,:Y IS IT ?AT ! K+DOM ( ,GOD UPON E>? CAN BE REALIZ$ NEI!R BY MEANS ( ! EXI/+ GOV]NM5TAL VIOL5CE NOR BY  
A REVOLUTION & ,/ATE ,SOCIALISM1 NOR YET BY ?OSE MEANS PREA*$ BY ,*RI/IAN ,SOCIALI/S3 PROPAG&A & ! GRADUALLY  
9CREAS+ CONSCI\SNESS ( M5 ?AT IT WILL BE ADVANTAGE\S8 

,SO LONG AS ,MAN'S AIM IS ! WELF>E ( ! P]SONAL LIFE1 NO ONE CAN *ECK HIMSELF 9 ?IS /RIFE = HIS WELF>E AT ! PO9T :]E HE GETS HIS JU/ %>E1--& AT SU* DEM&S FROM M5 :I* ADMIT ( ! WELL-BE+ ( ALL4 ,NO ONE CAN DO ?IS1  
FIR/LY1 BECAUSE IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO F9D ! PO9T ( P]FECT JU/ICE 9 !SE REQUE/S1--M5 WILL ALWAYS EXAGG]ATE !IR DEM&S2 & SECONDLY1 BECAUSE1 EV5 W]E IT POSSIBLE TO F9D ! MEASURE ( ! JU/ DEM&S1 MAN CANNOT PUT =W>D ! DEM& = ?AT :I* IS ONLY JU/1 = HE WILL NEV] GET IT1 BUT 9F9ITELY LESS4 ,! DEM&S ( ?OSE >\ND HIM BE+ REGULAT$1 NOT BY JU/ICE1 BUT BY P]SONAL PR(IT1 IT IS EVID5T ?AT AS A MATT] ( FACT ! POSSESSION ( MAT]IAL WELF>E WILL BE ATTA9$ BY EV]Y SEP>ATE 9DIVIDUAL RA!R ?R\< COMPETITION & /RUGGLE 7AS 9DE$ IS AT PRES5T ! CASE7 ?AN BY JU/ DEM&S4 

,9 ORD] TO ATTA9 JU/ICE1 :ILE PEOPLE >E /RIV+ AFT] P]SONAL WELF>E1 IT W\LD BE NECESS>Y TO HAVE PEOPLE ABLE TO DEF9E ! MEASURE ( WORLDLY GOODS :I* %\LD 9 JU/ICE FALL TO ! %>E ( EA*2 & ALSO PEOPLE ) P[] TO PREV5T M5 PR(IT+ BY MORE ?AN !IR JU/ %>E4 ,!RE >E1 & ALWAYS HAVE BE51 M5 :O HAVE UND]TAK5 BO? !SE DUTIES2 !Y >E \R RUL]S4 ,BUT UP TO ! PRES5T TIME NEI!R 9 MON>*IES NOR 9 REPUBLICS HAVE !RE BE5 F\ND M5 :O1 9 DEF9+ ! MEASURE ( GOODS & DI/RIBUT+ !M AMONG M51 HAVE NOT TRANSGRESS$ ?IS MEASURE = !MSELVES & !IR ASSI/ANTS1 & ?US SPOIL$ ! WORK !Y W]E CALL$ TO1 & UND]TOOK TO DO4 ,SO ?AT ?IS MEANS IS ALREADY RECOGNIZ$ BY ALL TO BE UNSATISFACTORY4 ,& N[ SOME PEOPLE SAY ?AT IT IS NECESS>Y TO ABOLI% !SE GOV]NM5TS & TO E/ABLI% GOV]NM5TS ( ANO!R K9D1 *IEFLY = ! PURPOSE ( SUP]9T5D+ ECONOMIC AFFAIRS1--:I* GOV]NM5TS1 ACKN[L$G+ ?AT ALL CAPITAL & L& >E COMMON PROP]TY1 WILL ADM9I/] ! LABOR ( M5 & DI/RIBUTE E>?LY WELF>E1 ACCORD+ TO !IR LABOR1--OR1 AS SOME SAY1 ACCORD+ TO !IR NE$S4  

,ALL ATTEMPTS AT ?IS K9D ( ORGANIZATION1 HI!RTO MADE1 HAVE BE5 UNSUCCESSFUL4 ,BUT EV5 )\T SU* EXP]IM5TS1 ONE CAN CONFID5TLY ASS]T ?AT1 ) M5 /RIV+ AFT] P]SONAL WELF>E1 SU* AN ORGANIZATION CANNOT BE REALIZ$1 BECAUSE ?OSE M5--V]Y MANY ( !M--:O WILL SUP]9T5D ECONOMIC AFFAIRS1 WILL BE M5 )  
/RIV+S AFT] P]SONAL WELF>E1 & WILL HAVE TO DEAL ) SIMIL> M51 & !RE=E 9 ORGANIZ+ & MA9TA9+ ! NEW ECONOMIC ORD]1 !Y WILL 9EVITABLY PROSECUTE !IR [N P]SONAL ADVANTAGE AS MU* AS ! =M] ADM9I/RATORS1 &  
WILL ?US DE/ROY ! MEAN+ ( ! V]Y WORK !Y >E CALL$ TO DO4 

,SOME WILL SAY1 0,*OOSE M5 :O >E WISE & PURE40 ,BUT NONE BUT ! WISE & PURE CAN *OOSE ! WISE & PURE4 ,& IF ALL M5 W]E WISE & PURE1 !RE W\LD BE NO NE$ ( ANY ORGANIZATION1 CONSEQU5TLY ! IMPOSSIBILITY ( ?AT :I* ! REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/S PR(ESS IS FELT BY ALL1 EV5 BY !MSELVES2 & ?AT IS :Y IT IS \T ( DATE & HAS NO SUCCESS4 

,& H]E WE COME TO ! ?IRD TEA*+--?AT ( ,*RI/IAN ,SOCIALISM1 :I* HAS RES\RCE TO PROPAG&A AIM+ AT 9FLU5C+ ! CONSCI\SNESS ( M54 ,BUT ! SUCCESS ( ?IS TEA*+ IS EVID5TLY POSSIBLE ONLY :5 ALL M5 WILL HAVE !  
SAME CLE> CONSCI\SNESS ( ! ADVANTAGES ( COMMUNITY ( LABOR1 & :5 ?IS CONSCI\SNESS WILL HAVE SIMULTANE\SLY  
DEVELOP$ 9 ALL4 ,BUT AS IT IS EVID5T ?AT NEI!R ! ONE NOR ! O!R CAN TAKE PLACE1 ! ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION F\ND$1 NOT ON COMPETITION & /RUGGLE1 BUT ON COMMUNITY ( 9T]E/ CANNOT BE REALIZ$4  

,!RE=E !RE CANNOT BE A BETT] ORGANIZATION ?AN ! PRES5T ONE1 SO LONG AS ! AIM ( MAN IS P]SONAL WELF>E4 

,! ]ROR ( ?OSE :O PREA* ,*RI/IAN ,SOCIALISM CONSI/S 9 ?IS1 ?AT !Y DRAW FROM ! ,GOSPELS ONLY ?AT PRACTICAL CONCLUSION ( G5]AL WELF>E :I* IS NOT ! AIM PO9T$ \T BY ! ,GOSPELS1 BUT ONLY ! V]IFICATION ( ! CORRECTNESS ( ! MEANS4 ,! ,GOSPELS TEA* ! WAY ( LIFE1 & BY ADVANC+ ON ?IS WAY IT HAPP5S ?AT MAT]IAL WELF>E IS REA*$4 ,IT IS 9DE$ ATTA9$1 BUT IT IS NOT ! AIM4 ,IF ! AIM ( ! GOSPEL TEA*+ W]E LIMIT$ TO ! ATTA9M5T ( MAT]IAL WELF>E1 !N ?IS MAT]IAL WELF>E W\LD NOT BE ATTA9$4  

,! AIM IS HI<] & MORE DI/ANT4 ,! AIM ( ?IS TEA*+ IS NOT DEP5D5T ON MAT]IAL WELF>E2 IT IS ! SALVATION ( ! S\L1 I4E ( ?AT DIV9E ELEM5T :I* HAS BE5 5CLOS$ 9 MAN4 ,?IS SALVATION IS ATTA9$ BY R5\NC+ P]SONAL LIFE &  
!RE=E1 ALSO1 MAT]IAL WELL-BE+1 & BY /RIV+ AFT] ! WELF>E ( ONE'S NEI<BORS--BY LOVE4 ,& IT IS ONLY BY ?IS  
5DEAVOR ?AT M5 WILL1 9CID5TALLY1 ATTA9 ! GREATE/ WELF>E ( ALL--! K+DOM ( ,GOD UPON E>?4 

,BY /RIV+ AFT] P]SONAL WELF>E1 NEI!R P]SONAL NOR G5]AL WELF>E IS ATTA9$4 ,BY /RIV+ AFT] SELF-=GETFULNESS1 BO? P]SONAL & G5]AL ,WELF>E >E ATTA9$4 
"9"9"9"9"9 
,!ORETICALLY1 ?REE ORGANIZATIONS ( HUMAN SOCIETY >E POSSIBLE4 ,! FIR/ IS ?IS3 PEOPLE--! BE/ PEOPLE1 ,GOD'S--WILL GIVE SU* A LAW TO M5 AS WILL 5SURE !  
GREATE/ HAPP9ESS TO MANK9D1 & ! AU?ORITIES WILL 5=CE ! FULFILLM5T ( ?IS LAW4 ,?IS HAS BE5 TRI$2 BUT HAS RESULT$ 9 ! AU?ORITIES1 ?OSE :O ADM9I/]$ ! LAW1 ABUS+ !IR P[] & 9FR++ ! LAW1 NOT !Y ONLY BUT  
ALSO !IR COOP]ATORS1 :O >E MANY4 ,!N APPE>$ A SECOND S*EME1 0,LAISS] FAIRE1 LAISS] PASS]10 ! IDEA BE+ ?AT !RE IS NO NE$ ( AU?ORITIES1 BUT ?AT BY ALL M5 /RIV+ EA* = HIS [N WELF>E1 JU/ICE WILL BE REALIZ$4 ,BUT ?IS DOES NOT SUCCE$ = TWO REASONS4 ,FIR/LY1 BECAUSE AU?ORITY IS NOT ABOLI%$1 & PEOPLE ?9K IT CANNOT BE ABOLI%$ BECAUSE OPPRESSION W\LD /ILL CONT9UE1 = !  
GOV]NM5T W\LD REFUSE TO USE ITS AU?ORITY TO >RE/ ! ROBB]1 :]EAS ! ROBB] W\LD NOT DESI/4 ,:ILE !RE >E AU?ORITIES ! CONDITION ( M5 FI<T+ = WELF>E IS UNEQUAL1 NOT ONLY BECAUSE SOME >E /RONG] ?AN O!RS1 BUT ALSO BECAUSE M5 MAKE USE ( AU?ORITY TO HELP !M 9 ! /RUGGLE4 ,SECONDLY1 BECAUSE 9 ! 9CESSANT /RUGGLE ( ALL1 EA* = HIS [N WELF>E1 ! SLI<TE/ ADVANTAGE ( ONE  
GIVES HIM A MULTIPLI$ ADVANTAGE1 & 9EQUALITY MU/ 9EVITABLY RESULT4 ,!RE /ILL REMA9S A ?IRD !ORY1 ?AT M5 WILL COME TO UND]/& ?AT IT IS PR(ITABLE TO LIVE = ! WELF>E ( O!RS1 & ?AT ALL WILL /RIVE AFT] ?IS4 ,& IT IS JU/ ?IS ?AT ! ,*RI/IAN FAI? FURNI%ES4 ,9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 TO ! REALIZATION ( ?IS !ORY !RE CAN BE NO EXT]NAL OB/ACLES2 :E!R OR NOT !RE EXI/ GOV]NM5T1 CAPITAL1 ETC41 & ! :OLE PRES5T ORD] ( ?+S1 ! OBJECT W\LD BE ATTA9$ 9 ! EV5T ( SU* A DEVELOPM5T ( M5'S CONCEPTION ( LIFE4 ,SECONDLY1 ONE NE$ EXPECT NO SPECIAL T]M = ! COMM5CEM5T ( ! REALIZATION1 = EV]Y S+LE 9DIVIDUAL :O HAS ATTA9$ ?IS LIFE CONCEPTION1 & GIVES  
HIMSELF UP TO ! WELF>E ( O!RS1 IS ALREADY CONDUC+ TO ?AT WELF>E4 ,& ?IRDLY1 ?IS HAS BE5 GO+ ON EV] S9CE  
WE HAVE KN[N ANY?+ AB\T ! LIFE ( M54 
"9"9"9"9"9 
,SOCIALI/S SAY1 0,IT IS NOT NECESS>Y = US :O 5JOY ! BLESS+S ( CULTURE & CIVILIZATION TO BE DEPRIV$ ( !SE  
BLESS+S1 & TO DESC5D TO ! LEVEL ( ! R\< CR[D1 BUT ! M5 :O >E N[ DEPRIV$ ( MAT]IAL GOOD MU/ BE RAIS$ TO \R LEVEL1 & MADE P>TICIPATORS 9 ! BLESS+S ( CULTURE & CIVILIZATION4 ,! MEANS = ACCOMPLI%+ ?IS IS SCI5CE4  
,SCI5CE TEA*ES US TO CONQU] NATURE2 IT IS ABLE 9F9ITELY TO 9CREASE ! PRODUCTIV5ESS ( NATURE2 IT MAY BY ELECTRICITY  
AVAIL ITSELF ( ! P[] ( ! ,NIAG>A ,FALLS1 ( RIV]S1 ( W9DS4 ,! SUN WILL WORK4 ,& !RE WILL BE PL5TY ( EV]Y?+ = EV]YBODY4 ,AT PRES5T ONLY A SMALL FRACTION ( MANK9D1 ! ONE 9 P[]1 PR(ITS BY ! BLESS+S ( CIVILIZATION2 :]EAS ! RE/ IS DEPRIV$ ( !M4 ,9CREASE ! WELF>E1 & !N IT WILL SUFFICE = ALL40 ,BUT ! FACT IS ?AT ?OSE 9 P[] HAVE LONG BE5 CONSUM+ NOT :AT !Y NE$1 BUT :AT !Y DO NOT  
NE$2 ALL !Y CAN GET4 ,!RE=E1 H[EV] MU* ADVANTAGES MAY 9CREASE1 ?OSE :O >E AT ! TOP WILL APPROPRIATE !M = !MSELVES4 

,ONE CANNOT CONSUME MORE ?AN A C]TA9 QUANTITY ( NECESS>IES1 BUT TO LUXURY !RE IS NO LIMIT4 ,?\S&S ( BU%ELS ( BREAD  
MAY BE US$ = HORSES & DOGS2 MILLIONS ( ACRES ( L& TURN$ 9TO P>KS1 & SO ON1 AS IS N[ ! CASE4 ,SO ?AT NO 9CREASE ( PRODUCTIV5ESS & WEAL? WILL AUGM5T ONE LITTLE ! WELF>E ( ! L[] CLASSES1 SO LONG AS ! UPP] CLASSES  
HAVE ! P[] & ! DESIRE TO SP5D ! SURPLUS WEAL? ON LUXURY4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ! 9CREASE ( PRODUCTIV5ESS1 ! GREAT] MA/]Y ( ! =CES ( NATURE1 ONLY GIVES GREAT] P[] TO ! UPP] CLASSES1 TO ?OSE 9 AU?ORITY1--P[] TO  
KEEP ?IS AU?ORITY OV] ! L[] WORK+ CLASSES4 

,& EV]Y ATTEMPT ON ! P>T ( ! L[] CLASSES TO MAKE ! RI* DIVIDE ) !M1--REVOLUTIONS1 /RIKES1--CAUSE /RIFE1 & ! /RIFE--A USELESS WA/E ( WEAL?4 
0,BETT] LET NO ONE HAVE IT1 IF ,I CANNOT1' SAY ! CONT5D+ P>TIES4 

,! CONQUE/ ( NATURE & ! 9CREAS$ PRODUCTION ( MAT]IAL WEAL? 9 ORD] ?AT IT MAY OV]FL[ ! WORLD1 SO ?AT EV]Y  
ONE MAY HAVE HIS %>E1 IS AS UNWISE A PROCE$+ AS W\LD BE TO 9CREASE ! QUANTITY ( WOOD ?R[N 9TO A /OVE1 9 ORD] TO 9CREASE ! W>M? ( A H\SE 9 :I* ! /OVES HAVE NO DAMP]S4 ,H[EV] MU* Y\ MAY AUGM5T ! FIRE1 ! COLD AIR BECOM+ HEAT$ WILL RISE1 & FRE% COLD AIR WILL AT ONCE TAKE ITS PLACE2 & !RE=E NO EQUAL DI/RIBUTION ( W>M? 9 ! H\SE WILL BE ATTA9$4 ,?IS WILL CONT9UE AS LONG AS !RE IS ACCESS = ! COLD AIR & AN \TLET = ! HOT4 

,( ! ?REE REM$IES :I* HAVE SO F> BE5 9V5T$1 IT IS DIFFICULT TO SAY :I* IS ! MO/ FOOLI%1--SO FOOLI% >E  
!Y ALL4 

,! FIR/ REM$Y1 ?AT ( ! REVOLUTIONI/1 CONSI/S 9 ! ABOLITION ( ! UPP] CLASSES1 BY :OM ALL ! WEAL? IS  
CONSUM$4 ,?IS IS ! SAME AS IF A MAN W]E TO BREAK ! *IMNEY ?R\< :I* ! HEAT IS DISAPPE>+1 SUPPOS+ ?AT  
:5 !RE IS NO *IMNEY ! HEAT WILL NOT PASS AWAY4 ,BUT ! HEAT WILL PASS \T ?R\< ! HOLE LEFT BY ! *IMNEY1 AS IT DID ?R\< ! *IMNEY ITSELF1 IF ! CURR5T BE ! SAME4 ,9 ! SAME WAY WEAL? WILL ALL GO TO ! M5 9 AU?ORITY1 AS LONG AS AU?ORITY EXI/S4 

,ANO!R REM$Y1 AT PRES5T BE+ PUT 9TO PRACTICE BY ,WILHELM ,I,I41 IS1 )\T *ANG+ ! EXI/+ ORD]1 TO TAKE FROM ! UPP] CLASSES1 :O POSSESS ! WEAL? & P[]1 A SMALL PORTION ( ?IS WEAL? & ?R[ IT 9TO ! BOTTOMLESS ABYSS ( POV]TY2 AS IF ONE W]E TO >RANGE ON ! TOP ( ! *IMNEY1 ?R\< :I* ! HEAT IS PASS+1 FANS1 & TO FAN ! HEAT1 TRY+ TO DRIVE IT D[N TO ! COLD LAY]S4 ,AN OCCUPATION OBVI\SLY DIFFICULT & USELESS1 BECAUSE1 :ILE ! HEAT ASC5DS FROM BEL[1 H[EV] MU* ONE MAY DRIVE IT  
D[N 7& ONE CANNOT DRIVE D[N MU*71 IT WILL AT ONCE AGA9 RISE UP & ALL ! EX]TION WILL BE WA/$4 

,! ?IRD1 & LA/1 REM$Y IS AT PRES5T PREA*$ ESPECIALLY 9 ,AM]ICA4 ,IT CONSI/S 9 REPLAC+ ! COMPETITIVE & 9DIVIDUALI/IC BASIS ( LIFE BY A COMMUNI/IC PR9CIPLE1 BY A PR9CIPLE ( ASSOCIATIONS1 CO-OP]ATIONS4 ,?IS REM$Y1 AS /AT$ 9 ,DAWN & ! ,NATIONALI/1 CONSI/S 9 PREA*+ COOP]ATION BY WORD & DE$1 9 9CULCAT+ & EXPLA9+ TO M5 ?AT COMPETITION1 9DIVIDUALISM1 & /RIFE >E DE/ROY+ MU* /R5G? & CONSEQU5TLY WEAL?1 & ?AT F> GREAT] ADVANTAGE IS D]IV$ FROM ! COOP]ATIVE PR9CIPLE1 I4E4 EV]Y ONE WORK+ = ! COMMON GOOD1 & RECEIV+ AFT]W>DS HIS %>E ( ! COMMON WEAL?1--?AT ?IS WILL PROVE MORE ADVANTAGE\S = EV]YBODY4 ,ALL ?IS IS EXCELL5T1 BUT ! WOR/ ( IT IS ?AT1 TO BEG9 )1 NO ONE KN[S :AT EA* MAN'S %>E WILL BE :5 ALL IS DIVID$ EQUALLY2 & ABOVE ALL1 :ATEV] HIS %>E MAY BE1 IT WILL APPE> 9SUFFICI5T = !IR WELF>E TO M5 LIV+ AS !Y DO  
AT PRES5T4 0,ALL WILL BE WELL (F1 & Y\ WILL 5JOY ! SAME AS ! O!RS40--0,BUT ,I DON'T WANT TO LIVE LIKE ALL ! RE/1 ,I WANT TO LIVE BETT]4 ,I HAVE ALWAYS LIV$ BETT] ?AN O!RS & AM US$ TO IT40--0,& AS = ME ,I HAVE LONG LIV$ WORSE ?AN ALL1 & N[ WANT TO LIVE JU/ AS O!RS HAVE LIV$40 ,?IS REM$Y IS ! WOR/ ( ALL1 BECAUSE IT SUPPOSES ?AT DUR+ ! EXI/+ UPW>D CURR5T1 I4E4 
! MOTIVE ( /RIV+ AFT] ! BE/1 IT IS POSSIBLE TO P]SUADE ! P>TICLES ( AIR NOT TO RISE 9 PROPORTION TO ! HEAT4  

,! ONE MEANS IS TO REVEAL TO M5 !IR TRUE WELF>E1 & TO %[ !M ?AT WEAL? NOT ONLY IS NOT A BLESS+1 BUT EV5 DIV]TS M5 FROM WELF>E1 BY HID+ FROM !M !IR TRUE WELF>E4 

,!RE IS ONLY ONE MEANS1 & ?AT IS TO /OP UP ! HOLE ( WORLDLY DESIRE4 ,?IS ALONE W\LD GIVE EQUALLY DI/RIBUT$ HEAT4 ,& ?IS IS EXACTLY ! OPPOSITE ( :AT ! ,SOCIALI/S SAY & DO1--TRY+ TO AUGM5T PRODUCTION1 & !RE=E ! G5]AL MASS ( WEAL?4 

"9"9"9"9"9 

,GRONLUND IS >GU+ ) ,SP5C] & ALL ?OSE :O D5Y ! NE$ ( GOV]NM5T1 OR SEE ITS DE/9ATION ONLY 9 ! SECURITY ( ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,GRONLUND CONSID]S ?AT ! F\NDATION ( MORALITY LIES 9 ASSOCIATION4 ,AS A MODEL1 OR RA!R AS AN EMBRYO1 ( A REAL SOCIALI/IC GOV]NM5T1 HE BR+S =W>D TRADES-UNIONS1 :I*1 BY CO]C+ ! 9DIVIDUAL1 BY 9DUC+ HIM TO SACRIFICE HIS P]SONAL 9T]E/S1 SUBORD9ATE HIM TO ! S]VICE ( ! COMMON CAUSE4 

,?IS1 ,I ?9K1 IS NOT TRUE4 ,HE SAYS ?AT ! GOV]NM5T ORGANIZES LABOR4 ,?AT W\LD BE WELL2 BUT HE =GETS ?AT GOV]NM5TS >E ALWAYS CO]C+ & EXPLOIT+ LABOR UND] ! PRETEXT ( DEF5SE4 ,H[ MU* MORE W\LD IT !N EXPLOIT LABOR UND] ! PRETEXT ( ORGANIZ+ IT8 ,IT W\LD 9DE$ BE WELL IF GOV]NM5T W]E TO ORGANIZE LABOR1 BUT TO DO ?AT IT MU/ BE DIS9T]E/$1 SA9TLY4 ,BUT :]E >E !Y1 !SE SA9TS 8 

,IT IS TRUE ?AT 9DIVIDUALISM1 AS !Y CALL IT1 MEAN+ BY ?IS ! IDEAL ( 9DIVIDUAL WELF>E = EA* SEP>ATE MAN1 IS A MO/ P]NICI\S PR9CIPLE 2 BUT ! PR9CIPLE ( ! WELF>E ( MANY PEOPLE TOGE!R IS EQUALLY P]NICI\S4 ,ONLY ITS P]NICI\SNESS IS NOT AT ONCE EVID5T4  

,! ATTA9M5T ( ?AT COOP]ATION--SOCIAL COMMUNISM1--9 PLACE ( 9DIVIDUALISM1 WILL NOT RESULT FROM ORGANIZATION4 ,WE %ALL NEV] GUESS :AT WILL BE ! ORGANIZATION ( ! FUTURE2 WE WILL DISCOV] IT ONLY BY EV]YONE FOLL[+ ! UNP]V]T$ IMPULSE ( HE>T1 CONSCI5CE1 REASON1 FAI?2 ! LAW ( LIFE1 CALL IT :AT Y\ WILL4 

,BEES & ANTS LIVE SOCIALLY1 NOT BECAUSE !Y KN[ :AT ORGANIZATION IS MO/ ADVANTAGE\S = !M & FOLL[ IT1--!Y HAVE NO IDEA ( EXP$I5CY1 H>MONY1 ! WISDOM ( ! HIVE OR ANT HILL1 AS !Y APPE> TO US1 BUT BECAUSE !Y GIVE !MSELVES UP TO :AT WE CALL ! 9/9CT 9H]5T 9 !M1 !Y SUBMIT1 NOT PHILOSOPHIZ+ CUNN+LY1 BUT /RAI<T=W>DLY TO !IR LAW ( LIFE4 ,I CAN IMAG9E ?AT IF  
BEES1 9 ADDITION TO !IR 9/9CT1 AS WE CALL IT1 9 ADDITION TO ! CONSCI\SNESS ( !IR LAW1 W]E ABLE TO 9V5T ! BE/  
ORGANIZATION ( !IR SOCIAL LIFE1 !Y W\LD 9V5T SU* A LIFE ?AT !Y W\LD P]I%4 

,9 ?IS T5D5CY ( ! LAW ( LIFE !RE IS SOME?+ LESS & SOME?+ MORE ?AN REASON+4 ,& IT ALONE LEADS TO ?AT WAY ( TRU?1 :I* IS ! RI<T ONE = MAN & = HUMANITY4 

,FROM 3 ,WIKIS\RCE4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahii 3 ,*APT] #a -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JULY #c#a1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #a -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/