,SOME ,FUNDAM5TAL ,PRESUPPOSITIONS = A ,MAT]IALI/ ,DISCUSSION ( ,CRISIS ,!ORY 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,K>L ,KORS* 

,TEXT 3 

,I  

,A GREAT %ORTCOM+ ( ! =M 9 :I* ! DISCUSSION ( 
CRISES TOOK 
PLACE HI!RTO1 ESPECIALLY M ! CIRCLES ( ! LEFT & F>-LEFT W+S 
( ! WORK]S MOVEM5T1 WAS TO BE F\ND 9 !IR SE>* = A 
0REVOLUTION>Y0 CRISIS !ORY P] SE1 JU/ AS 9 ! MIDDLE AGES ONE 
SE>*$ = ! PHILOSOPH]'S /ONE4 ,HI/ORICAL EXAMPLES1 
H[EV]1 CAN DEMON/RATE QUITE EASILY ?AT POSSESSION ( SU* A 
SUPPOS$LY HI<LY REVOLUTION>Y CRISIS !ORY SAYS LITTLE AB\T ! 
ACTUAL LEVEL ( CLASS CONSCI\SNESS & REVOLUTION>Y PREP>$NESS = 
ACTION ( A GR\P OR 9DIVIDUAL BELIEV+ 9 ! !ORY1 ?US IT IS 
WELL KN[N ?AT = ?IRTY YE>S1 FROM #ahia TO #a#i#b#a1 ! ,SOCIAL 
,DEMOCRATIC P>TY ( ,G]MANY HAD 9 ! CRISIS SECTION ( ! ,]FURT 
PROGRAM AN ESPECIALLY REVOLUTION>Y CRISIS !ORY :I* EV5 TODAY CAN 
H>DLY BE IMPROV$ ON 9 RESPECT ( RADICAL CL>ITY4 ,! ,]FURT PROGRAM 
WAS NOT SATISFI$ ) TRAC+ CRISES BACK TO ! 0PLANLESSNESS0 OR 
SO-CALL$ AN>*Y ( ! PRES5T CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION-AS ITS 
FIR/ DRAFT :I* WAS CRITICIZ$ BY ,5GELS /ILL HAD DONE & AS IS 
LIKEWISE TODAY ! CASE ) ! #aibe ,HEIDELB]G PROGRAM ACCEPT$ BY 
! ,S,P,D4 ,NEI!R WAS IT SATISFI$ ) LAM5T+ ! 0RU9 ( 
BROAD SECTIONS ( ! PEOPLE0 OR ! AGGRAVATION ( ! 
TORM5T 
( ! UNEMPLOY$ PROLET>IAT CAUS$ BY !SE CRISES1 ,RA!R IT 
EXPLA9$ ! CRISES AS A PH5OM5ON 0F\ND$ ON ! NATURE ( ! 
CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION0 :I* CANNOT BE 0OV]COME0 ?R\< SOME 
0PLANN$ ECONOMY0 RE=MS ( ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( ,PRODUCTION BUT CAN 
ONLY BE SUP]S$$ ?R\< ! REVOLUTION>Y CANCELLATION 7,AUFHEBUNG7 
( ?IS :OLE MODE ( PRODUCTION4 ,! ,]FURT PROGRAM RECORD$ AS ! 
MO/ SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ( CRISES ! FACT ?AT IT IS ! CRISIS :I* 
0FUR!R WID5S ! *ASM BETWE5 ! PROPRIETORS & ! PROP]TYLESS 
WORK]S10 ,IT ASS]T$ MOREOV] ) DI/9CT CL>ITY DESPITE 
! 
0REVISIONI/0 T5D5CIES ALREADY EM]G+ !N-?AT ! CRISES ?US 
DESCRIB$ 0WILL EV] WID5 9 EXT5T & DE/RUCTIV5ESS WILL RAISE 
G5]AL 9SECURITY TO A NORMAL CONDITION ( SOCIETY & FURNI% ! 
PRO( ?AT ! =CES ( PRODUCTION HAVE \TGR[N CONTEMPOR>Y SOCIETY 
& ?AT PRIVATE [N]%IP ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION HAS BECOME NO 
LONG] COMPATIBLE ) !IR EFFICI5T APPLICATION & FULL 
DEVELOPM5T40  

,?IS CONTRADICTION BETWE5 !ORY & PRACTICE BECOMES /ILL 
MORE 
DRA/IC :5 WE CA/ \R EYES T[>DS SOME WELL-KN[N 9DIVIDUAL CRISIS 
!ORI/S ( PRE-W> ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY4 ,!RE IS ! SUBSEQU5T 
>*-RE=MI/ ,HE9RI* ,CUN[ :O 9 #ahih 9 ! ,NEUE ,ZEIT F\ND$ ! 
FIR/ EXPLICIT COLLAPSE & CATA/ROPHE !ORY4 ,IT WAS NONE O!R ?AN 
,K>L ,KAUTSKY :O 9 ,JULY1 #a#i#f1 9 ! PREFACE TO ! FIF? $ITION ( 
,5GELS' ,UTOPIAN & ,SCI5TIFIC ,SOCIALISM ANN\NC$ ! DIRECTLY 
IMM95T 0DEA? CRISIS0 ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM :I* 0?IS TIME HAS 
NO *ANCE EV] AGA9 TO BE S(T5$ BY A NEW ]A ( PROSP]ITY ON A 
CAPITALI/ BASIS60 ,9 ! CONTROV]SY OV] CRISIS & COLLAPSE !ORY 
>IS+ S9CE #aiac FROM ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG'S BOOK ON ,! ,ACCUMULATION ( 
,CAPITAL WE F9D FROM ! BEG9N+ RE=MI/S & REVOLUTION>IES ON 
BO? SIDES 7AMONG ! FOLL[]S 9T] ALIA ,PAUL ,L5S*1 AMONG ! 
OPPON5TS ,L59 & ,PANNEKOEK7 1 & EV5 ! TWO MO/ IMPORTANT 
PRES5T DAY EPIGONES ( ,LUXEMBURGIAN !ORY1 ,FRITZ ,/]NB]G & ,H5RYK 
,GROSSMAN1 CAN H>DLY BE DESCRIB$ AS ESPECIALLY DET]M9$ & 
EFFICACI\S REPRES5TATIVES ( A PRACTICAL REVOLUTION>Y POLITICS4  

,9 ! IMM$IATE PO/W> P]IOD ! APP>5TLY UNAVOIDABLE 
& ALREADY 
COMM5C+ COLLAPSE ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM ON A WORLD SCALE AWOKE 
UNF\ND$ ILLUSIONS AMONG A WIDE SECTION ( REVOLUTION>IES4 ,AT ?IS 
TIME1 ! !N 0LEFT ,COMMUNI/0 !ORETICIAN ,BUKH>9 HAD ALREADY 
COLLAT$ FANTASIES = A NEW SCI5TIFIC !ORY ( ?IS SUPPOS$ 
CAPITALI/ DE/RUCTION ( ! WORLD 9 HIS NOTORI\S ,ECONOMICS ( ! 
TRANSITION P]IOD4 ,BUT ! REVOLUTION>Y PRACTITION] ,L59 CO9$ ! 
REVOLUTION>Y PHRASE - LAT] TO BE REPEAT$ BY HIS FOLL[]S AD 
9F9ITUM UND] QUITE DIFF]5T CONDITIONS1 BUT DUR+ ! CONDITIONS 
PREVAIL+ !N REVOLUTION>Y 9 ITS EFFECT - ?AT 0!RE IS NO SU* 
?+ AS A SITUATION ) NO WAY \T = CAPITALISM40  

,I,I  

,! V>I\S CRISIS !ORIES ?AT HAVE HI!RTO EM]G$ 9 ! 
WORK]'S 
MOVEM5T >E 9 REALITY MU* LESS ( AN 9DICATION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y 
CLASS CONSCI\SNESS & CAPABILITY = ACTION A*IEV$ BY !IR 
ORIG9ATORS & FOLL[]S ?AN A PASSIVE & BELAT$ REFLECTION ( ! 
OBJECTIVE REALITY ( ! ONGO+ CRISIS LIKE TOTAL CONDITION ( ! 
CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION OR EV5 ( ONLY A TEMPOR>Y ECONOMIC 
CRISIS4 ,ONE C\LD FROM ?IS VIEWPO9T REPRES5T ! :OLE HI/ORICAL 
DEVELOPM5T ( SOCIALI/ CRISIS !ORIES FROM ,F\RI] & ,SISMONDI TO 
! V>I\S SUBSEQU5T TEMPORAL PHASES ( ,M>X-,5GELS & ! LAT] 
,M>XI/S 7& ! CRISIS !ORIES ( ! ,M>X EPIGONES UP TO ,/]NB]G 
& ,GROSSMAN1 ,L$]] & ,NAPHTALI71 RI<T 9TO !IR ULTIMATE 
!ORETICAL DETAILS1 AS M]ELY A PASSIVE REFLECTION ( ! RESPECTIVE 
PREVI\S OBJECTIVE ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T4 ,FROM ! SAME VIEWPO9T ONE 
C\LD ALSO1 BEYOND ! FRAMEWORK ( CRISIS !ORIES1 REPRES5T ALL ! 
IMPORTANT /RUGGLES OV] DIRECTION :I* HAVE >IS5 )9 ! 
SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T DUR+ ! LA/ FIFTY YE>S AS M]E CONSEQU5CES & 
REFLEXES ( ! IMM$IATELY PREC$+ CONJUNCTURE )9 ! CAPITALI/ 
CRISIS CYCLE4  

,A LOT ( NOISE HAS BE5 MADE AB\T ! QUE/ION AS TO :E!R 
! OLD 
,5GELS 9 ! 9TRODUCTION TO ,M>X'S ESSAY ON CLASS /RUGGLES 9 ,FRANCE 
HAD SURR5D]$ A P>T ( ! REVOLUTION>Y POLITICAL BASIC 
PROPOSITIONS ( ORIG9AL ,M>XISM4 ,ONE CAN BETT] POSE ?IS QUE/ION 
) REG>D TO C]TA9 REM>KS ( ,5GELS 9 ! PREFACE TO ! ,G]MAN 
$ITION ( ! ,POV]TY ( ,PHILOSOPHY 7#a#h#h#d7 7P4 XVIII7 & 9 A 
FOOTNOTE 7NO4 #h7 TO ! ?IRD VOLUME ( ,CAPITAL 7#a#h#i#d1 #a#a1 P4 #b#g74 ,H]E 
!RE IS TALK AB\T A REC5TLY QUITE *ANG$ *>ACT] 9 ! CYCLES ( 
MOD]N 9DU/RY & AB\T ! REMOVAL OR /RONG DECL9E ( 0MO/ ( ! 
OLD CRISIS-PO9TS & CIRCUM/ANCES = CRISIS =MATION40 ,IT IS QUITE 
POSSIBLE ?AT !SE REM>KS ( ,5GELS CON/ITUT$ ! FIR/ IDEOLOGICAL 
REF]5CE PO9T ( ?AT !ORY1 SEEM+LY ONLY REPRES5T$ BY 
,B]N/E9'S REVISIONISM AT ! TURN ( ! C5TURY1 BUT TODAY ALREADY 
QUITE OP5LY REPRES5T$ BY ALL ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC DOCTR9AL EXP]TS1 
:I* SAW ! TASK ( ! SOCIALI/ WORK]S' MOVEM5T NO LONG] AS ?AT 
( EXPLOIT+ ! CRISIS = 9CREAS$ /RUGGLE = ! REVOLUTION>Y 
OV]COM+ ( ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION1 BUT RA!R AS ?AT ( 
WEAK5+ D[N & 0SUBDU+0 SU* CRISIS )9 ! FRAMEWORK ( 
CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION4 ,( C\RSE ,FRI$RI* ,5GELS WAS F> 
REMOV$ FROM SU* CONCLUSIONS2 ! REPLACEM5T ( ! PREVI\S 
CRISIS-CYCLES BY A 0NEW =M ( EQUILIBRIUM0 =ECA/ ON ! BASIS ( 
! CONDITIONS ( ! PREVI\S TWO DECADES HE T]M$1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 
A TRANSITION TO 0*RONIC /AGNATION AS ! NORMAL CONDITION ( MOD]N 
9DU/RY40 ,HE !REBY NOT ONLY BECAME ! DIRECT ORIG9ATOR ( CRISIS 
!ORY ( ! #ahia ,]FURT PROGRAM DISCUSS$ ABOVE1 BUT ALSO BECAME ! 
REAL FA!R ( ! NOTION ( ! SO-CALL$ DEA? CRISIS :I*1 AS 
PICTUR$ ALREADY AT ! ,]FURT CONGRESS BY ,WILHELM ,LIEBKNE*T1 & 
LAT] BY ,CUN[1 ,KAUTSKY & MANY O!RS1 WAS TO DRIVE CONTEMPOR>Y 
SOCIETY ) AN 0IRON LOGIC0 9TO A 0CATA/ROPHE1 9TO ITS [N 
UNAVOIDABLE DOOM40  

,?+S DEVELOP$ DIFF]5TLY :5 ! /AGNATION ALREADY 
DECL>$ 
0*RONIC0 BY ,5GELS TURN$ 9 ! MID-N9ETIES 9TO A NEW IMM5SE 
UPSW+ ( ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION4 ,$W>D ,B]N/E9 !N & 
LAT] SAID PUBLICLY ?AT IT WAS !SE NEW ECONOMIC FACTS :I* AT ?IS 
TIME BR\<T AB\T HIS FUNDAM5TAL ATTACK ON ALL REVOLUTION>Y ELEM5TS 
( HI!RTO EXI/+ ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC POLITICS & CAUS$ HIM1 9 
P>TICUL> ) REG>D TO CRISIS !ORY1 TO CATEGORICALLY /ATE ?AT 
DUE TO ! LATE/ DEVELOPM5T ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM 0G5]AL 
BUS9ESS CRISES AFT] ! FA%ION ( E>LI] ONES >E N[ TO BE 
REG>D$ AS UNLIKELY1 AT LEA/ = A LONG TIME40  

,FROM ,B]N/E9'S REM>KS1 & ! !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL 
CONSEQU5CES ALREADY D$UC$ !REUPON BY ITS ORIG9ATOR1 A /RAI<T 
L9E LEADS TO ! (FICIAL ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRAT CRISIS !ORY AS REPRES5T$ 
= & BY ,HILF]D+ & ,L$]]1 ,T>N[ & ,NAPHTALI4 ,I T]M ?IS 
FUNDAM5TAL /ANCE ( TODAY'S ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRAT CRISIS !ORY AS ! 
SUBJECTIVE /ANCE 9 CONTRA/ TO BO? ( ! O!R TWO FUNDAM5TAL 
/ANCES TO ! CRISIS PROBLEM /ILL TO BE DISCUSS$4 ,! ,SOCIAL 
,DEMOCRATIC !ORY /ATES ?AT 9 MOD]N 0ORGANIZ$ CAPITALISM10 :E!R 
ACTUAL OR 0T5D5TIAL10 NECESS>Y & UNAVOIDABLE CRISES WILL NOT OCCUR 
ANYMORE4 ,! FIR/ 0SCI5TIFIC0 >GUM5TATION OR PRO( = ?IS !SIS1 
AT FIR/ ONLY SET UP BY ,B]N/E9 AS A FACTUAL ASS]TION1 IS CONTA9$ 
9 ! FAMILI> !ORY ( ,HILF]D+'S 0,F9ANCE ,CAPITAL40 ,IT =ECA/S 
! OV]COM+ ( CAPITALI/ CRISES BY A CAPITALI/ 0G5]AL C>TEL0 TO 
BE CREAT$ BY & ) ! ACCEPTANCE & SUPPORT ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 
:I* WILL C>RY ?R\< ! PLANN$ REGULAT+ ( B\RGEOIS 
PRODUCTION1 BAS$ ON CAPITAL & WAGE LABOR4 ,AFT] ! W> 7#a#i#b#g7 
,HILF]D+ DECL>$ ONCE MORE EXPRESSLY ?AT HE ALWAYS HAD 0REJECT$ 
EV]Y ECONOMIC !ORY ( COLLAPSE40 ,! FALL ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM 
0W\LD NOT EMANATE FROM ! 9TR9SIC LAWS ( ?IS SY/EM0 BUT W\LD 
HAVE TO BE 0! CONSCI\S DE$ ( ! WORK+ CLASS40  

,?IS 0!ORY0 ( ,HILF]D+ IS UNTIL ?IS DAY ! BASIS ( NOT 
ONLY ! 
,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATS-BUT ALSO ?AT ( ! ,BOL%EVI/-,SOVIET !ORETICIANS 
& PLAN-5G9E]S & O!RS ADVANC+ SUBJECTIVE & VOLUNT>I/IC 
CRISIS !ORIES & !ORIES = OV]COM+ SU* CRISES4 ,ONE MU/ NOT 
?9K H[EV]1 ?AT !SE !ORIES1 MODULATIONS ( :I* E*O$ /ILL 
SOME YE>S AGO ?R\< A :OLE =E/ ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRAT J\RNALS & 
BOOKS1 HAVE = !IR ORIG9ATORS & FOLL[]S BE5 0PROV5 FALSE0 BY 
! F>TS ( ! EXI/+ CAPITALI/ REALITY4 ,EXP]I5CE HAS %[N 
?AT1 = 9/ANCE1 ,$W>D ,B]N/E9 /ILL ADH]$ TO HIS !SIS ( 
CRISIS-OV]COM+ DESIGN$ 9 #a#h#i#i1 :5 9 ! FOLL[+ YE>1 #a#i1 
! ECONOMI/ CRISIS BROKE \T1 & A FUR!R CRISIS FOLL[$ SEV5 
YE>S !REAFT]2 & AGA9 :5 SEV5 YE>S LAT] ! ALREADY !N 
NOTICEABLE NEW CRISIS WAS ONLY DEF]R$ BY ! WORLD W> ONLY TO 
REOCCUR ONCE AGA9 9 #a#i#b-#a#i#b#a ON A WORLD SCALE1 AFT] ! FIR/ 
LIQUIDATION ( ! W> & ITS DIRECT RESULTS4 ,! ,HILF]D+S & 
,L$]]S1 ,T>N[S & ,NAPHTALIS WILL REACT QUITE LIKE ?AT1 YE/]DAY1 
TODAY & TOMORR[4 ,IT IS JU/ ! *>ACT]I/IC ( ?IS K9D ( 
CRISIS !ORY ?AT !Y ALWAYS IDEOLOGICALLY REFLECT ! JU/ PA/ 
PHASE ( ! REAL MOVEM5T ( CAPITALI/ ECONOMIES & PLACE IT 
VIS-A-VIS ! *ANG$ PRES5T REALITY AS A FIX$ RIGID 
0!ORY40 
,( C\RSE !RE >E A HO/ ( O!R EXCUSES1 LIKE ! EXPLANATION ( 
! CURR5T WORLD ECONOMIC CRISIS AS RESULT ( W>S1 AS RESULT ( 
REP>ATION & W> DEBTS & O!R 0EXTRA-ECONOMIC0 CAUSES4 ,! 
PRACTICAL CONSEQU5CES ( ALL ( !SE CRISIS !ORIES BAS$ ON ?IS 
SUBJECTIVE FUNDAM5TAL /ANCE IS ! COMPLETE DE/RUCTION ( ALL 
OBJECTIVE BASES ( ! PROLET>IAN CLASS MOVEM5T4 ,! ,GO]LITZ ,PROGRAM 
( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY ( #aiba HAS CO9$ ALREADY ! CLASSICAL PHRASE = 
?IS POSITION BY DECL>+ ! CLASS /RUGGLE = ! LIB]ATION ( ! 
PROLET>IAT AS A M]E 0MORAL DEM&40  

,BUT EV5 ! O!R FUNDAM5TAL /ANCE TO ! CRISIS QUE/IONS 
?AT IS 
ALMO/ DIRECTLY OPPOS$ TO ! ONE WE JU/ 9VE/IGAT$-:I* 9 ! 
P]FECTION ( ! ALMO/ CLASSICAL =M ( ! ACCUMULATION !ORY ( 
,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG HAS F\ND EXPRESSION UNRIVAL$ BY ANY ( ! NUM]\S 
PR$ECESSORS & SUCCESSORS - CAN NOT BE RECOGNIZ$ AS A TRULY 
MAT]IALI/1 &1 AS REG>DS ITS PRACTICAL EFFICI5CY1 REVOLUTION>Y 
POSITION ON ! CRISIS QUE/ION4 ,! SIGNIFICANCE ( ! !ORY1 AS 
ESP\S$ BY ITS FOLL[]S1 LIES 9 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG'S POSITION ( 
0HOLD+ FA/ TO ! FUNDAM5TAL ?\<T ( ',CAPITAL1' ( AN ABSOLUTE 
ECONOMIC LIMIT = ! CONT9U$ DEVELOPM5T ( ! CAPITALI/ MODE ( 
PRODUCTION1 9 CONSCI\S CONTRA/ TO & PROTE/ AGA9/ ! ATTEMPTS 
( DI/ORTION BY ! ,NEW-H>MONY !ORETICIANS0 7,GROSSMAN74 ,! /ANCE 
BAS$ ON ?IS !ORY C\LD APPROPRIATELY BE DESCRIB$ AS AN ABSOLUTE 
ONE1 ,I %\LD LIKE TO *>ACT]IZE IT 9 CONTRA/ TO ! ALREADY 
DISCUSS$ 0SUBJECTIVE0 & ! /ILL TO BE DISCUSS$ 0MAT]IALI/0 
/ANCE1 AS AN OBJECTIVE OR 0OBJECTIVI/0 FUNDAM5TAL /ANCE4 ,IT IS ( 
NO CONSEQU5CE H]E1 FROM :I* ASSUM$ OBJECTIVE SY/EM ( LAWS ( ! 
CAPITALI/ ME*ANISM ( PRODUCTION ! OBJECTIVELY GU>ANTE$ ECONOMIC 
NECESSITY ( ITS IMM95T COLLAPSE IS D]IV$ 9 DETAIL4 ,ON ! O!R 
H&1 NO?+ WILL *ANGE ! 0OBJECTIVISM0 ( !SE !ORIES NOT EV5 
!IR FOLL[]S' ASSURANCE ?AT !Y >E NOT AT ALL RECOMM5D+ TO ! 
PROLET>IAT 0A FATALI/ AWAIT+ ( ! AUTOMATIC COLLAPSE10 BUT 0ONLY0 
767 >E ( ! OP9ION ?AT ! REVOLUTION>Y ACTION ( ! PROLET>IAT 
0A*IEVES ! CONDITIONS = SUCCESSFULLY DEFEAT+ ! RESI/ANCES ( 
! DOM9AT+ CLASS ONLY ?R\< ! OBJECTIVE TREMORS ( ! EXI/+ 
SY/EM0 7,GROSSMAN74 ,SU* A !ORY ( ALL OBJECTIVELY GIV5 ECONOMIC 
T5D5CY ( DEVELOPM5T :OSE ULTIMATE GOAL CAN BE GRASP$ 9 ADVANCE 
EMPLOYS PICTORIAL NOTIONS RA!R ?AN UNEQUIVOCALLY DET]M9$ 
SCI5TIFIC CONCEPTS4 ,FUR!RMORE1 IT IS F\ND$ 9EVITABLY ON 
9SUFFICI5T 9DUCTION & APPE>S TO ME AS NOT SUITABLE = BR++ 
=W>D ?AT FULL E>NE/NESS ( SELF-DISCIPL9$ ACTIVITY ( ! 
PROLET>IAN CLASS /RUGGL+ = ITS [N GOALS1 :I* IS AS MU* 
NECESS>Y = ! CLASS W> ( ! WORK]S AS IT IS = EV]Y O!R 
ORD9>Y W>4  

,9 CONTRA/ TO ! TWO FUNDAM5TAL /ANCES SO F> ILLU/RAT$1 
IT 
APPE>S TO ME ?AT A ?IRD FUNDAM5TAL /ANCE TO ! CRISIS QUE/ION IS 
POSSIBLE & JU/ ?IS ONE ALONE DES]VES ! DESIGNATION ( A TRULY 
,M>XIAN MAT]IALI/ /ANCE4 ,?IS POSITION EXPLA9S ! QUE/ION ( ! 
OBJECTIVE NECESSITY OR AVOIDABILITY ( CAPITALI/ CRISES AS A S5SELESS 
QUE/ION 9 ?IS G5]AL =M 7)9 ! FRAMEWORK1 ( A PRACTICAL 
!ORY ( ! REVOLUTION ( ! PROLET>IAT74 ,IT AGREES1 ) ! 
REVOLUTION>Y CRITIC ( ,M>X ,GEORGES ,SOREL :O WILL NOT CONSID] ,M>X'S 
G5]AL T5D5CY ( CAPITALISM TO CATA/ROPHE G5]AT$ BY ! 
9SURRECTION ( ! WORK+ CLASS - COLOR$ 9 A /RONG 
IDEALI/-PHILOSOPHICAL 0DIALECTICAL0 MANN] ( 
SPEE*- AS A 
VALID SCI5TIFIC PROGNOSIS1 BUT M]ELY AS A MY? :OSE SOLE 
SIGNIFICANCE IS LIMIT$ TO DET]M9E ! CURR5T ACTION ( ! WORK+ 
CLASS4 ,! MAT]IALI/ /ANCE IS1 H[EV]1 NOT 9 ACCORD ) ,SOREL 
:5 HE QUITE G5]ALLY WANTS TO LIMIT ! FUNCTION ( ANY FUTURE 
SOCIAL !ORY ( REVOLUTION TO =M SU* A MY?4 ,! MAT]IALI/ /ANCE 
RA!R BELIEVES ?AT C]TA91 IF ONLY ALWAYS LIMIT$1 PROGNO/IC 
/ATEM5TS SUFFICI5T = PRACTICAL ACTION CAN BE MADE ON ! BASIS ( 
ALWAYS1 MORE EXACT & ?OR\< EMPIRICAL 9VE/IGATION ( ! PRES5T 
CAPITALI/ MODE ( PRODUCTION & ITS RECOGNIZABLE IMMAN5T T5D5CIES 
( DEVELOPM5T4 ,! MAT]IALI/ !RE=E 9VE/IGATES ?OR\<LY ! 
GIV5 SITUATION ( CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION 9CLUD+ ! CONTRADICTIONS 
F\ND !RE91 AMONG :I* >E ALSO ! SITUATION1 ! LEVEL ( 
CONSCI\SNESS1 ! ORGANIZATION1 & ! READ9ESS = /RUGGLE ( ! 
WORK+ CLASS & ALL ! V>I\S LEVELS ( ! WORK+ CLASS 9 ORD] 
TO DET]M9E ITS ACTION1 ,! MO/ IMPORTANT BASIC TRAITS ( ?IS 
!ORETICAL & PRACTICAL MAT]IALI/ FUNDAM5TAL /ANCE HAVE BE5 
CLASSICALLY =MULAT$1 9 G5]AL =M1 )\T BE+ SPECIALLY 
RELAT$ TO ! CRISIS PROBLEM1 91 ! POLEMIC ( ! YE> #ahid :]E 
! Y\NG ,L59 ATTACK$ ! SUBJECTIVISM ( ! POPUL> REVOLUTION>Y 
,MI*AIL[SKI TOGE!R ,) ! OBJECTIVISM ( ! !N LEAD+ 
,M>XI/ !ORETICIAN ,/RUVE & CONFRONT$ BO? ) HIS [N 
ACTIVI/-MAT]IALI/ /&PO9T3 0,:5 PROV+ ! NECESSITY ( A GIV5 
NUMB] ( FACTS1 ! OBJECTIVI/ ALWAYS RUNS ! RISK ( ASSUM+ ! 
/&PO9T ( AN APOLOGI/ ( !SE FACTS2 ! MAT]IALI/ REVEALS ! 
CLASS CONTRADICTIONS & !REBY E/ABLI%ES HIS /&PO9T40  

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #a1 #bba 3 ,SOME ,FUNDAM5TAL ,PRESUPPOSITIONS = A ,MAT]IALI/ ,DISCUSSION ( ,CRISIS ,!ORY -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,SOME ,FUNDAM5TAL ,PRESUPPOSITIONS = A ,MAT]IALI/ ,DISCUSSION ( ,CRISIS ,!ORY -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
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