,*APT] #e 
,PREP>+ = ,REVOLUTION - ,5GL& 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 

,TEXT 3 

      ,! ,5GLI% SEV5TE5? C5TURY REVOLUTION WAS FROM ! 
      FIR/ PURELY MIDDLE-CLASS1 & AS WE H9T$ 9 \R LA/ .<*APT].> IT CA/ (F MO/ 
      ( ITS ELEM5TS ( 5?USIASM & IDEALITY 9 ,CROMWELL'S LATT] DAYS2 ! BURD5 ( 
      ! MORE EXALT$ ,PURITANISM WAS FELT HEAVILY BY ! NATION & NO D\BT PLAY$ ITS 
      P>T 9 ! RE/ORATION ( ,MON>*Y2 NOR ON ! O!R H& WAS ,5GL& AT ALL RIPE 
      = ,REPUBLICANISM2 & SO BETWE5 !SE TWO DISGU/S IT ALL[$ ITSELF TO BE L$ 
      BACK AGA9 9TO ! >MS ( ,MON>*Y BY ! MILIT>Y ADV5TUR]S :O HAD SEIZ$ ON 
      ! P[] :I* ,CROMWELL ONCE WIELD$4 ,BUT ?IS RE/ORATION ( ! ,/U>T MON>*Y 
      WAS AFT] ALL BUT A MAKE%IFT PUT UP ) BECAUSE ! DEFECTION FROM ! 
      HI<-/RUNG PR9CIPLE ( ! E>LI] P]IOD ( ! REVOLUTION LEFT NO?+ TO TAKE 
      ! PLACE ( ,CROMWELL'S ABSOLUTISM4 ,! NATION WAS QUITE \T ( SYMPA?Y ) ! 
      ,C\RT1 :I* WAS UN-NATIONAL & ,CA?OLIC 9 T5D5CY & QUITE OP5LY DEBAU*$4 
      ,! NATION ITSELF ?\< IT HAD GOT RID ( ! SEV]ITY ( ,PURITANISM WAS /ILL 
      ,PURITAN1 & WELCOM$ ! ,SUNDAY ,ACT ( ,*>LES ,I,I :I* GAVE ! DUE LEGAL /AMP 
      TO ,PURITANISM ( ! DULL] & MORE RESPECTABLE K9D4 ,& ?\< 5?USIA/IC 
      ,PURITANISM WAS NO LONG] DOM9ANT1 IT WAS NOT EXT9CT4 ,JOHN ,BUNYAN'S ',PILGRIM'S 
      ,PROGRESS' %9ES \T1 ?\< A RELIGI\S ROMANCE1 AMID ! DULLNESS ( ! 
      LIT]ATURE ( ! TIME4 ,! ,QUAK]S :O REPRES5T$ 9 !IR BEG9N+ ! 
      PEACEABLE & RELIGI\S SIDE ( ! ,LEVEL]S1 >OSE & GREW & FL\RI%$ 9 
      SPITE ( P]SECUTION2 ! ,CAM]ONIANS 9 ,SCOTL&1 AS WE M5TION$ 9 \R LA/ 
      *APT]1 MADE AN 9EFFECTUAL >M$ RESI/ANCE TO ! DY+ \T ( 5?USIASM2 :ILE 
      ACROSS ! ,ATLANTIC ! DESC5DANTS ( ! E>LI] ,PURITANS C>RI$ ON AN ALMO/ 
      !OCRATIC GOV]NM5T1 :I*1 BY ! WAY BE IT SAID1 P]SECUT$ ! ,QUAK]S MO/ 
      CRUELLY4 ,LITTLE BY LITTLE1 H[EV]1 ALL ?AT WAS NOT QUITE COMMONPLACE & 
      P]FUNCTORY1 DI$ \T 9 ,5GLI% ,PROTE/ANTISM1 & RESPECTABLE 9DIFF]5TISM HAD 
      C>RI$ ALL BE=E IT BY ! 5D ( ! C5TURY4 ,POLITICS & RELIGION HAD NO 
      LONG] ANY REAL BOND ( UNION1 & ! RELIGI\S SIDE ( ,PURITANISM1 
      ,EVANGELICALISM1 DISAPPE>S H]E1 TO COME TO LI<T AGA9 9 ! NEXT C5TURY UND] 
      ! LEAD]%IP ( ,:ITFIELD4 
     
     

      ,YET1 SU* AS ,5GLI% ,PURITANISM HAD BECOME1 ITS RESPECTABLE1 HABITUAL1 & =MAL 
      RESIDUUM WAS /RONG 5\< TO RES5T ,JAMES ! ,SECOND'S ,PAPI/RY1 & TO MAKE ITS 
      RES5TM5T FELT2 :ILE AT ! SAME TIME ! CON/ITUTIONALISM :I* BEGAN ! 
      ANTI-ABSOLUTI/ OPPOSITION 9 ,*>LES ! ,FIR/'S TIME1 & :I* HAD BE5 
      9T]RUPT$ BY ,CROMWELL'S IRON & ,*>LES ! ,SECOND'S MUD ABSOLUTISM1 GA!R$ 
      HEAD AGA9 & BEGAN TO TAKE DEF9ITE =M4 ,! ,/U>T MON>*Y1 ) ITS 'DIV9E 
      RI<T' ( ABSOLUTE SOV]EIGNTY1 WAS DRIV5 FROM ,5GL& 9 ! P]SON ( ,JAMES ! 
      ,SECOND1 & A CON/ITUTIONAL K+ WAS F\ND 9 ,WILLIAM ( ,ORANGE1 & 
      CON/ITUTIONAL P>TY GOV]NM5T BEGAN4 
     
     

      ,?US1 9 SPITE ( 9T]RUPTION1 WAS C>RI$ \T ! MIDDLE-CLASS REVOLUTION 9 
      ,5GL&2 LIKE ALL O!R REVOLUTIONS1 IT >RIV$ AT ! PO9T :I* IT REALLY SET 
      \T TO GA92 BUT NOT UNTIL IT HAD %AK5 (F MU* :I* DID AT ONE TIME HELP 
      =W>D ITS PROGRESS1 & :I* WAS & /ILL IS MI/AK5 = AN ESS5TIAL P>T ( 
      IT4 ,RELIGI\S & ,REPUBLICAN 5?USIASM1 AL?\< !Y 7& ESPECIALLY ! FIR/7 
      PLAY$ !IR P>T 9 ABOLI%+ ! REACTION>Y CLOGS ON ! PROGRESS ( ! 
      MIDDLE-CLASSES1 HAD TO DISAPPE> AS ELEM5TS :I* W\LD HAVE M>R$ ! 5D 
      PROPOS$ BY ?AT REVOLUTION2 TO WIT1 ! CREATION ( AN ALL-P[]FUL MIDDLE-CLASS 
      FRE$ FROM ALL RE/RICTIONS ?AT W\LD 9T]F]E ) IT 9 ITS PURSUIT ( 
      9DIVIDUAL PR(IT D]IV$ FROM ! EXPLOITATION ( 9DU/RY4 
     
     

      ,!NCE=?1 TILL \R [N TIMES1 RESPECTABLE POLITICAL LIFE 9 ,5GL& IS WRAPP$ 
      UP 9 ,:IGG]Y2 T+$1 9DE$1 ON ONE SIDE ) ! LA/ FA9T REMA9S ( 
      FEUDALISM 9 ! =M ( A QUITE UNREAL S5TIM5T1 9VOLV+ NO PRACTICAL 
      CONSEQU5CES BUT ! ACCEPTANCE ( ! NAME ( ,TORY2 & ON ! O!R BY AS FA9T A 
      S5TIM5T T[>DS DEMOCRACY1 :I* WAS PROBABLY RA!R A TRADITIONAL SURVIVAL ( 
      ! FEEL+ ( ! OLD DAYS ( ! /RUGGLE BETWE5 ,K+ & ,P>LIAM5T1 ?AN ANY 
      HOLD+ \T ( ! H& T[>DS ! REAL DEMOCRACY :I* WAS SIL5TLY =M+ 
      UND]NEA? ! GOV]NM5T ( ! RESPECTABLES4 
     
     

      ,! FIR/ P>T ( ! EI<TE5? C5TURY1 !RE=E1 F9DS ,5GL& SOLID & 
      SETTL$2 ALL ! OLD ELEM5TS ( DI/URBANCE & ASPIRATION H>D5$ 9TO 
      CON/ITUTIONAL BUREAUCRACY2 RELIGION RECOGNIZ$ AS A ,/ATE =MALITY1 BUT HAV+ NO 
      9FLU5CE :ATEV] ON ! CORPORATE LIFE ( ! C\NTRY1 ITS SOLE REALITY A M]E 
      P]SONAL S5TIM5T1 NOT AT ALL BURD5SOME TO ! PRACTICAL BUS9ESS ( LIFE4 ,! 
      EMB]S ( ! ABSOLUTI/ RE-ACTION ON ! PO9T ( EXT9CTION1 & SWEPT (F EASILY 
      & EV5 LAZILY :5 !Y MAKE A %[ ( BE+ DANG]\S2 ! NOBILITY A M]E 
      TITL$ UPP] ORD] ( ! B\RGEOISIE2 ! C\NTRY PROSP]\S1 GA9+ ON ,FR5* 
      & ON ,DUT* 9 ,AM]ICA & ,9DIA1 & BEG9N+ TO F\ND ITS COLONIAL & =EIGN 
      M>KETS1 & ITS NAVY BEG9N+ TO BE P>AM\NT ON ALL SEAS2 ! WORK+-CLASSES 
      BETT] (F ?AN AT ANY TIME S9CE ! FIFTE5? C5TURY4 ,>T IF NOT ACTUALLY DEAD 
      REPRES5T$ BY A ,C\RT PA9T] OR SO ( UGLY LADIES & /UPID G5TLEM51 & 
      LIT]ATURE BY A FEW WORD-SP9N+ ESSAYI/S & PROSAIC V]SIFI]S1 PRID+ 
      !MSELVES ON A WELL-BR$ CONTEMPT = :ATEV] WAS MANLY1 PASSIONATE1 OR ELEVAT+ 
      9 ! WEAL? ( ! PA/ ( !IR [N LANGUAGE4 
     
     

      ,H]E !N 9 ,5GL& WE MAY BEG9 TO SEE :AT ! EXT9CTION ( FEUDALITY WAS TO 
      5D 94 ,M$IAEVAL ,5GL& IS GONE1 ! MANN]S & WAYS ( ?\<T ( ! 
      PEOPLE >E UTT]LY *ANG$2 !Y >E CALL$ ,5GLI%1 BUT !Y >E ANO!R PEOPLE 
      FROM ?AT :I* DWELT 9 ,5GL& :5 '=E/ALL+ & REGRATT+' W]E 
      MISDEMEANORS2 :5 ! GILD RUL$ OV] ! PRODUCTION ( GOODS & DIVISION ( 
      LABOR WAS NOT YET2 :5 BO? 9 >T & LIT]ATURE ! PEOPLE HAD !IR %>E1 -- 
      NAY1 :5 :AT ( BO? !RE WAS1 WAS PRODUC$ BY ! PEOPLE !MSELVES4 ,GONE ALSO 
      IS MILITANT ,PURITANISM1 BURI$ DEEP UND] M\NTA9S ( COOL =MALITY4 ,5GL& IS 
      B\RGEOIS & SUCCESSFUL ?R\<\T ITS :OLE LIFE2 )\T ASPIRATIONS1 = ITS 
      SELF-SATISFACTION IS TOO COMPLETE = ANY1 YET GA!R+ =CE = DEVELOPM5T ( A 
      NEW K9D1 -- AS IT W]E A NATION TAK+ BREA? = A NEW SPR+2 = UND] ITS 
      PROSP]\S SELF-SATISFACTION LIES ! BIR? ( A GREAT *ANGE -- A REVOLUTION 9 
      9DU/RY -- & ,5GL& IS AT ! TIME WE >E WRIT+ ( SIMPLY PREP>+ H]SELF 
      = ?AT *ANGE4 ,H] PROSP]ITY & SOLID BUREAUCRATIC CON/ITUTIONAL GOV]NM5T -- 
      NAY1 EV5 ! COMMONPLACE CONDITIONS ( LIFE 9 ! C\NTRY1 >E 5ABL+ H] TO 
      TURN ALL H] ATT5TION T[>DS ?IS *ANGE1 & ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! NATURAL 
      RES\RCES 9 :I* %E IS SO RI*4 ,! FALL ( ! FEUDAL SY/EM1 ! 9VASION ( 
      ! 9DIVIDUALI/ ME?OD ( PRODUC+ GOODS1 & ( SIMPLE EX*ANGE ( COMMODITIES1 
      W]E B\ND TO LEAD TO ! F9AL DEVELOPM5T ( ! EPO* -- ! RISE ( ! GREAT 
      MA*9E 9DU/RIES -- & N[ ! TIME = ?AT DEVELOPM5T IS AT H&4 ,! GR[+ 
      WORLD-M>KET IS DEM&+ MORE ?AN ! TRANSITIONAL ME?ODS ( PRODUCTION CAN 
      SUPPLY4 ,9 MATT]S POLITICAL PREJUDICE IS GIV+ WAY TO NECESSITY1 & ALL 
      OB/ACLES >E BE+ RAPIDLY CLE>$ AWAY BE=E ! ADV5T ( A NEW EPO* = 
      LABOR2 ( :I*1 9DE$1 WE MAY SAY ?AT IF NO GREAT *ANGE W]E AT H& = IT 9 
      ITS TURN1 IT W\LD HAVE BE5 ! GREATE/ DISA/] :I* HAS EV] HAPP5$ TO ! 
      RACE ( MAN4 ,9 \R NEXT *APT] WE %ALL DEAL ) ! ELEM5TS AT WORK 9 
      PREP>+ ! TRANS=MATION ( ! COMM]CIAL SY/EM1 = :I* ?IS DEVELOPM5T 
      ( ! GREAT MA*9E 9DU/RY WAS SO NECESS>Y & SO MI<TY A S]VANT4 
     
     

      ,COMMONWEAL1 ,VOLUME #b1 ,NUMB] #b#b1 #ab ,JUNE #a#h#h#f1 ,P,P4 #h#b-#h#c 
     

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #b#h1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #e -- ,ADD$4 

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