,SOCIALISM & ,AN>*ISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANTON ,PANNEKOEK 

,TEXT 3 

#a4 ,! ,S,O,C,I,A,L ,I,D,E,A,L4 

,:5 WE READ ! BOOKS ( ! (FICIAL PR(ESSORS ( SOCIAL SCI5CE ON ! 
SUBJECT ( ,SOCIALISM & ,AN>*ISM1 WE >E A/ONI%$ TO F9D H[ LITTLE ! 
SOCIOLOGI/S1 EV5 ?OSE FRI5DLY TO US1 UND]/& ( ! GREAT SCI5TIFIC 
REVOLUTION :I* ,5GELS CALL$ ! ,DEVELOPM5T ( ,SOCIALISM FROM ,UTOPIA TO 
,SCI5CE1 A REVOLUTION N[ MORE ?AN HALF A C5TURY OLD4 

,SCI5TIFIC ,SOCIALISM1 AS E/ABLI%$ BY ,M>X & ,5GELS1 COMB9$ 9TO A 
H>MONI\S UNITY TWO ?+S :I* FROM ! B\RGEOIS PO9T ( VIEW APPE>$ TO 
BE IRRECONCILABLE OPPOSITES3 ON ! ONE H& DISPASSIONATE OBJECTIVITY1 SCI5CE 
9DIFF]5T TO IDEALS1 & ON ! O!R H& ! PASSIONATELY S\<T SUBJECTIVE 
IDEAL ( A BETT] SOCIETY4 ,?OSE :O DO NOT TAKE ! PO9T ( VIEW ( SCI5TIFIC 
,SOCIALISM BELIEVE ?AT AN IDEAL1 ?AT IS TO SAY1 SOME?+1 :I* WE DESIRE1 CAN 
NEV] BE A SUBJECT MATT] ( SCI5CE1 & ?AT1 CONV]SELY1 PASSIONATE DESIRE 
MU/ BE A H9DRANCE TO OBJECTIVE TRU?4 ,TO ! ALLEG$ OBJECTIVE SCI5CE ( 
SOCIETY !Y GIVE ! NAME ( SOCIOLOGY2 & ! /]ILITY1 ! LACK ( RESULTS 
:I* IS EV]Y:]E 9 EVID5CE 9 ! C\NTLESS BOOKS ( !SE 0SOCIOLOGI/S10 
FURNI%ES ! BE/ REFUTATION ( !IR CONT5TION ?AT SOCIAL TRU? IS BORN ( 
DRY BOOK-LE>N+1 RA!R ?AN ( P>TICIPATION 9 ! SOCIAL /RUGGLES4 ,A 
SOCIAL IDEAL1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 !Y KN[ ONLY AS ,UTOPIANISM -- AS ! 
CONCEPTION & PROPAG&A ( A BETT] OR BE/ SOCIAL SY/EM -- :I* HAS 
NO?+ TO DO ) ! SCI5CE ( SOCIETY1 EV5 ?\< ITS ADVOCATES MA9TA9 
?AT !Y >E ABLE TO PROVE 0SCI5TIFICALLY0 ! EXCELL5CE ( !IR NEW 
SY/EM4 

,SCI5TIFIC ,SOCIALISM HAS OV]COME ?IS CONTRADICTION ?R\< ! DISCOV]Y ( 
! ECONOMIC BASIS ( SOCIAL EVOLUTION4 ,IT HAS TAU<T US ?AT ) ! 
CONT9U\S IMPROVEM5T 9 ! TE*NICAL ME?ODS ( LABOR & ! SOCIAL ORGANS 
& ORGANIZATIONS NECESS>Y TO !IR OP]ATION1 ! 5TIRE SOCIAL ORD] 
UND]GOES AN UN9T]RUPT$ TRANS=MATION1 9CLUD+ ! OP9IONS & IDEALS ( 
MANK9D4 ,MAN MU/ CONT9UALLY ADAPT HIS IDEAS & OP9IONS ( POSSIBLE & 
DESIRABLE 9/ITUTIONS & ORGANIZATIONS1 TO ! PROGRESS ( ! PRODUCTIVE 
=CES2 9 O!R WORDS1 HE FOLL[S EV] NEW SOCIAL IDEALS4 ,!RE=E1 SU* A 
SOCIAL IDEAL DOES NOT SIGNIFY ! CON/RUCTION ( A FAULTLESS SOCIAL SY/EM1 BUT 
IT IS A M5TAL PICTURE ( A SUBSEQU5T1 MORE HI<LY DEVELOP$ SOCIAL SY/EM1 9 
:I* ! DISADVANTAGES ( ! PREC$+ SY/EM HAVE BE5 OV]COME1 & :I* IS 
ADAPT$ TO ?AT DEVELOPM5T ( ! =CES ( PRODUCTION :I* HAS JU/ BE5 
ATTA9$4 ,S9CE EV]Y?+ :I* MAN DOES MU/ FIR/ EXI/ 9 HIS M9D AS 
PURPOSE & WILL1 !RE=E EV]Y NEW SOCIAL ORD]1 BE=E IT BECOMES A REALITY1 
MU/ FIR/ EXI/ AS A MORE OR LESS ADEQUATE1 CONSCI\S IDEAL4 

,?US 9 ! Y\? ( CAPITALISM1 :5 ! NEW 9V5TIONS ( ! /EAM 5G9E 
BY ,JAMES ,WATT & ! SP9N+ MA*9E BY ,>KWRI<T OP5$ UP B\NDLESS 
POSSIBILITIES TO 9DU/RIAL DEVELOPM5T1 ! NATURAL SOCIAL IDEAL WAS3 
UNCONF9$ FRE$OM ( PRIVATE PRODUCTION & ( COMPETITION1 ! SWEEP+ AWAY 
( ALL FEUDAL & GUILD OB/ACLES4 ,SO N[1 :5 CAPITALI/IC APPROPRIATION 
/&S 9 ! WAY ( ! FULL EMPLOYM5T & DEVELOPM5T ( ! =CES ( 
PRODUCTION1 :5 ! GIGANTIC E/ABLI%M5TS & TRU/S HAVE %[N ! 
POSSIBILITY ( A WELL-DEVIS$ ORGANIZATION ( LABOR1 ! NATURAL SOCIAL IDEAL 
IS3 ! SOCIALIZATION ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION4 ,& ?IS SOCIAL IDEAL =MS 
! *IEF DEM& 9 ! PROGRAMS ( ! ,SOCIALI/ P>TIES ( ALL C\NTRIES4 

,CONSEQU5TLY1 IF WE ,SOCIALI/S >E ASK$3 0,:AT ORD] ( SOCIETY DO Y\ 
RECOMM5D AS ! BE/80 WE ANSW]3 0,NONE AT ALL40 ,WE DO NOT EXTOLL ANY SY/EM ( 
SOCIETY AS ! MO/ P]FECT OR ! ONLY GOOD ONE1 9 COMP>ISON ) :I* ALL 
O!RS >E OBJECTIONABLE4 ,V>I\S SOCIAL ORD]S >E NECESS>Y1 H5CE 
ADVANTAGE\S1 ACCORD+ TO ! HEI<T ( TE*NICAL & ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T2 
UPON A C]TA9 PLANE ( DEVELOPM5T1 AN ORD]1 :I* PREVI\SLY WAS NECESS>Y1 
BECOMES 9JURI\S & UNBE>ABLE1 AS IS N[ ! CASE ) CAPITALISM4 ,H5CE ALL 
\R /RUGGL+ & /RIV+ IS N[ DIRECT$ T[>D ! NEXT /EP1 & T[>D ! 
REMOVAL ( ! OB/ACLES :I* /& 9 ! WAY ( ! ACQUISITION BY SOCIETY ( 
! MEANS ( PRODUCTION4 ,!SE OB/ACLES >E MA9LY TWO3 ! POLITICAL SUPREMACY 
( ! CAPITALI/S & ! DEFECTIVE ORGANIZATION & DISCIPL9E ( ! WORK+ 
CLASS2 !RE=E1 \R MO/ IMM$IATE AIMS >E ! ORGANIZATION & TRA9+ ( 
! WORK]S &1 BY MEANS ( !SE1 ! CONQUE/ ( POLITICAL P[]4 

,CONSEQU5TLY1 WE >E BY NO MEANS ( ! OP9ION ?AT AFT] ?IS VICTORY & 
) ! COMM5CEM5T ( ! NATIONALIZATION ( ! GREAT 9DU/RIES1 ! IDEAL 
( ! BE/ ( ALL WORLDS WILL HAVE BE5 ATTA9$4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT IS \R 
CONVICTION ?AT ?IS NEW CONDITION -- LIKE ITS PR$ECESSOR1 CAPITALISM 
-- IS ONLY A L9K 9 A CONT9U\S *A9 ( DEVELOPM5T4 ,\R PROGRAM 
NATURALLY CONTA9S NO?+ 9 REG>D TO ! FUR!R PHASES2 \R PRACTICAL TASK 
IS M]ELY ! REALIZATION ( \R PRES5T SOCIAL IDEAL1 ?AT IS1 ! DISPLACEM5T 
( CAPITALISM BY ! SOCIAL ORD] :I* NATURALLY FOLL[S IT4 ,WE MU/ LEAVE IT 
TO ! MEMB]S ( ! SOCIETY ( ! FUTURE TO RAISE ! BANN] ( NEW SOCIAL 
IDEALS TO CORRESPOND TO ! NEW NE$S ?AT WILL >ISE4 

,?IS DOES NOT MEAN ?AT ! SUBSEQU5T =MS ( DEVELOPM5T DO NOT 9T]E/ 
US & ?AT WE !RE=E NE$ NOT CONC]N \RSELVES AB\T !M4 ,IT SIMPLY MEANS 
?AT IT W\LD BE ABSURD = US TO PUT \R VIEWS 9 REG>D TO FUTURE ORD]S ( 
SOCIETY 9TO ! =M ( DEM&S ! REALIZATION ( :I* %\LD DET]M9E \R 
PRACTICAL L9E ( ACTION4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 S9CE IT T5DS TO CL>IFY \R VIEWS 
& OP9IONS1 IT MAY BE ( VALUE 9 \R PRES5T /RUGGLE TO ATTEMPT TO =ECA/ 
! V>I\S FUTURE PHASES ( SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T BY MEANS ( \R 
HI/ORIC-MAT]IALI/IC ME?OD4 

#b4 ,! ,F,U,T,U,R,E ,/,A,T,E4 

,! SUB/ITUTION ( ,SOCIALISM = CAPITALISM WILL NOT BE A S+LE1 
WORLD-CONVULS+ ACT1 BUT A PROCESS ( GRADUAL *ANGE1 H[EV] RAPID AS COMP>$ 
) ! PRES5T TIME 7#a74 
,! NATIONALIZATION ( ! GREAT 9DU/RIES & TRU/S WILL EFFECT NO 
FUNDAM5TAL *ANGE 9 CAPITALISM1 = C]TA9 9DU/RIES >E EV5 N[ 
NATIONALIZ$2 ! FUNDAM5TAL *ANGE WILL LIE ONLY 9 ! FACT ?AT ! P[] ( 
! /ATE WILL BE AT ! DISPOSAL ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,! GREAT CONTRA/ 
BETWE5 ! NEW PROLET>IAN SUPREMACY & ! =M] CAPITALI/ SUPREMACY WILL 
MANIFE/ ITSELF IMM$IATELY1 NOT 9 A DELIB]ATE REVOLUTION ( ! MODE ( 
PRODUCTION1 BUT 9 VA/ CULTURAL MEASURES -- PROMOTION ( $UCATION1 C>E 
( ! PUBLIC HEAL?1 AID = POV]TY & SUFF]+ -- BY :I* ! NEW 
SOCIETY MU/ MAKE UP = ! NEGLECTS ( CAPITALISM4 ,AL?\< WE >E UNABLE TO 
SAY TO :AT EXT5T PRIVATE PRODUCTION WILL AT ONCE BE REPLAC$ BY SOCIAL 
PRODUCTION -- C]TA9LY NOT COMPLETELY -- YET IT IS C]TA9 ?AT ! 
VIGOR\SLY EXECUT$ MEASURES = ! PROMOTION ( ! WELF>E ( GREAT MASSES ( 
! PEOPLE WILL =M ! BASIS ( ! NEW ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T4 ,KAUTSKY HAS 
ALREADY %[N H[ ! SIMPLE/1 MO/ NECESS>Y &1 TO EV]Y WORK]1 IMM$IATELY 
URG5T MEASURE = ! *ECK+ ( POV]TY1 NAMELY1 B\NTE\S PROVISION BY ! 
/ATE = ! UNEMPLOY$1 /RIKES AT ! V]Y ROOTS ( CAPITALISM2 IT WILL BE 
ONE ( ! MO/ EFFECTIVE LEV]S = PUTT+ A SPE$Y 5D TO PRIVATE PRODUCTION 
UND]TAK5 = ! SAKE ( PR(IT4 

,:5 PRIVATE PRODUCTION IS !N1 = ! GREAT] P>T1 REPLAC$ BY SOCIAL 
PRODUCTION1 !RE WILL NEV]!LESS BE LITTLE *ANGE APP>5T 9 ! ME?OD ( 
PRODUCTION1 EXCEPT ?AT 9 PLACE ( MANY PRODUC]S & EMPLOY]S !RE WILL BE 
BUT ONE2 H5CE ! EXPRESSIONS & =MS ORIG9AT+ 9 ! PRODUCTION ( 
COMMODITIES WILL CONT9UE TO EXI/4 ,TO ! PRODUCTS !RE WILL BE ATTRIBUT$ A 
C]TA9 VALUE = :I* !Y >E SOLD2 ! P>TICIPANTS 9 PRODUCTION 
WILL BE PAID A WAGE = ! LABOR-P[] !Y HAVE EXP5D$ 9 ! 
S]VICE ( SOCIETY -- TO BE SURE1 ! VALUE@> ( LABOR-P[] WILL BE RAT$ 
F> HI<] ?AN N[ -- & P]HAPS ?IS WAGE WILL BE CALCULAT$ TO V>Y 
ACCORD+ TO P]=MANCE & SUPPOS$ S]VICE4 ,! DIVISION ( ?AT PORTION ( 
! SOCIAL PRODUCTS 9T5D$ = 9DIVIDUAL CONSUMPTION WILL1 AT ?IS /AGE ( 
DEVELOPM5T1 BE EFFECT$ BY !IR PUR*ASE FROM SOCIETY BY MEANS ( ! WAGE 
:I* SOCIETY PAYS TO ITS MEMB]S = !IR LABOR4 ,H5CE PRIVATE PROP]TY WILL 
/ILL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE2 DISP>ITIES 9 ?IS =M ( PROP]TY WILL EXI/2 
MONEY WILL BE US$ = ! PAYM5T ( WAGES1 & = BUY+ & SELL+ AMONG 
! /ILL EXI/5T PRIVATE PRODUC]S4 ,H[EV] COMPLETELY ! ABOLITION ( 
POV]TY MAY *ANGE ! ASPECT ( SOCIETY1 PRODUCTION WILL AT FIR/ BE BUT LITTLE 
ALT]$ 9 ITS SUP]FICIAL ASPECT BY ! OV]?R[ ( CAPITALISM4 ,NEV]!LESS 
?IS ASPECT WILL BE DECEPTIVE4 ,EV5 9 PRODUCTION ! BASIC DIFF]5CE WILL BE 
5ORM\S2 IT WILL NO LONG] BE A MEANS = ! CREATION ( SURPLUS VALUE1 & IT 
WILL NO LONG] BE LEFT TO ! HAZ>DS ( PRIVATE UND]TAK+S1 BUT IT WILL BE 
DIRECT$ T[>D ! SATISFACTION ( NE$S AS ITS IMM$IATE AIM1 & H5CE WILL 
BE CONTROLL$ ) CONSCI\S =ESI<T4 

,?IS /AGE ( SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T CANNOT 5DURE2 IT WILL GRADUALLY UND]M9E 
ITSELF4 ,9T]NAL CONTRADICTIONS WILL EV5 9 ! FUTURE BE LEV]S ( SOCIAL 
EVOLUTION2 TO BE SURE1 !Y CANNOT1 AS UND] CAPITALISM1 MANIFE/ !MSELVES 9 
A CLASS /RUGGLE1 = ! CLASSES WILL HAVE VANI%$2 ! CONTRADICTIONS WILL 
BECOME P]CEPTIBLE 9 ! =M ( 9ADEQUACIES1 & WILL FURNI% ! 9DUCEM5T 
= !IR REMOVAL BY MEANS ( CONSCI\S MODIFICATION ( ! F\NDATIONS ( 
SOCIETY4 ,H]E ! CONTRADICTION CONSI/S 9 ?IS1 ?AT VALUE IS A QUALITY ( 
PRODUCTS :I* ORIG9ATES 9 PRIVATE PRODUCTION1 & H5CE VANI%ES :5 PRIVATE 
PRODUCTION CEASES TO EXI/4 ,9 A SOCIETY ( COMMODITY-PRODUC]S VALUE EXPRESSES 
! SOCIAL *>ACT] ( !IR PRIVATE LABORS2 IT IS 9 !IR COMMON QUALITY AS 
VALUES ?AT ! PRODUCTS ( !SE PRIVATE LABORS ANN\NCE !MSELVES TO BE 
QUALITATIVELY SIMIL> TO EA* O!R & TO 9CORPORATE )9 !MSELVES SOCIAL1 
AB/RACT LABOR4 ,?AT ! PRIVATE P]SONS >E P>TICIPANTS 9 A SOCIAL 
LABOR-PROCESS1 BECOMES APP>5T ONLY 9 ! QUALITY ( VALUE ?AT IS COMMON TO 
!IR PRODUCTS2 H5CE 9 ! 9V]T$ =M ( A QUALITY ( ?+S4 ,9 ! ACT ( 
EX*ANGE ! PRODUC]S & ! PRODUCTS MEET2 !RE ! SOCIAL *>ACT] ( 
!IR PRIVATE LABORS COMES TO LI<T2 !RE VALUE IS =M$1 OR MORE CORRECTLY1 
!RE IT PASSES FROM AN AB/RACT1 CONCEPTUAL EXI/5CE 9TO REALITY4 0,IT IS ONLY 
9 EX*ANGE ?AT ! PRODUCTS ( LABOR RECEIVE A SOCIALLY EQUAL EXI/5CE AS 
VALUES :I* IS DI/+UI%$ FROM !IR NATURALLY DIFF]5T EXI/5CES AS 
USE-VALUES0 7,M>X1 0,CAPITAL10 ,I74 

,:5 ! SOCIAL *>ACT] ( LABOR IS IMM$IATELY APP>5T TO EV]YONE1 IT 
NE$ NOT BE EMBODI$ 9 ! FANCIFUL =M ( AN OBJECTIVE QUALITY ( ! 
PRODUCT4 ,) ! DISAPPE>ANCE ( PRIVATE LABORS1 :I* =M]LY CON/ITUT$ 
VALUE ?R\< !IR EQUALIZATION 9 EX*ANGE1 VALUE ITSELF WILL VANI%4 ,IT MAY 
= A TIME LEAD A TRADITIONAL EXI/5CE3 ! IMPOSSIBILITY ( DET]M9+ IT 
PRACTICALLY :5 IT HAS LO/ ITS REAL EXI/5CE WILL PUT AN 5D TO ! ORD] ( 
SOCIETY 9 :I* IT PLAY$ ! *IEF ROLE 9 ! DI/RIBUTION ( ! MEANS ( 
CONSUMPTION4 ,:5 A G5]ATION %ALL HAVE PASS$ AFT] ! FIR/ ABOLITION ( 
CAPITALI/ POV]TY & NEW G5]ATIONS HAVE BE5 BORN :I* ONLY KN[ IT FROM 
HE>SAY1 M5 WILL GRADUALLY CEASE TO COMPREH5D ! CAPITALI/IC IDEA ( PAY+ 
WAGES = WORK DONE4 ,) ! UNIV]SALIZ+ ( ?AT SCI5TIFIC & TE*NICAL 
$UCATION :I* UND] CAPITALISM IS ! MONOPOLY ( PRIVILEG$ CLASSES & IS 
US$ BY !M TO EXTORT HI<] PAYM5T = !IR LABOR P[]1 ! DIFF]5CES 9 
WAGES WILL DISAPPE>4 ,) ! MEMORY ( CAPITALI/IC 9EQUALITY WILL ALSO 
DISAPPE> ! FEEL+ ?AT A MAN :O ACCOMPLI%ES MORE ?AN ANO!R %\LD 
RECEIVE MORE4 ,MOREOV]1 H[ W\LD ! MEASURE ( P]=MANCE BE DET]M9$1 
EXCEPT 9 5TIRELY SIMIL> LABORS8 ,!RE=E SOME O!R RULE = ! 
DI/RIBUTION ( >TICLES ( CONSUMPTION WILL HAVE TO BE S\<T =4 

,POSSIBLY1 = LACK ( SOME?+ BETT]1 REC\RSE WILL BE HAD TO ! IDEA ?AT 
EV]YBODY IS 5TITL$ TO ! SAME AM\NT4 ,H[EV]1 ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! 
PRODUCTIVE =CES WILL SOON LEAD TO ANO!R /&>D4 ,ONE ( ! FIR/ & MO/ 
OBVI\S CONSEQU5CES ( ! ABOLITION ( CAPITALISM WILL BE A TREM5D\S 
DEVELOPM5T1 TO AN EXT5T N[ H>DLY CONCEIVABLE1 ( NATURAL SCI5CE & ITS 
TE*NICAL APPLICATIONS4 ,! UNIV]SALITY ( SCI5TIFIC $UCATION WILL AUGM5T 
! N[ SMALL GR\P ( NATURAL SCI5TI/S & 9V5TORS BY C\NTLESS NUMB]S ( 
P[]FUL1 CREATIVE M9DS4 ,N[ADAYS ?IS GR\P WORKS ONLY = ! PR(IT ( ! 
CAPITALI/S & TO SATISFY ! ?IR/ = KN[L$GE ( A SMALL GUILD ( 
S*OL>S2 9 ADDITION1 IT IS DEMORALIZ$ BY AV>ICE & PLACE-HUNT+1 AS WELL 
AS HAMP]$ BY WORRY & DISAPPO9TM5T4 ,UND] ,SOCIALISM ! NATURAL SCI5TI/S 
& 9V5TORS WILL BE SU/A9$ BY ! 5NOBL+ CONSCI\SNESS ?AT ALL !IR 
RESE>*ES & DISCOV]IES WILL R$\ND TO ! IMM$IATE B5EFIT ( ! 
COMMUNITY4 ,!N ! KN[L$GE ( ! =CES ( NATURE & !IR TE*NICAL 
APPLICATION WILL RECEIVE AN IMPETUS NEV] POSSIBLE BE=E2 ! PRODUCTIVITY ( 
LABOR WILL 9CREASE 5ORM\SLY1 & ! DRUDG]Y ( ! 9DIVIDUAL WILL BE 
CONSID]ABLY LI<T5$4 ,! MEANS ( LIFE WILL ?US BE PRODUC$ 9 SU* 
ABUNDANCE ?AT IT WILL NO LONG] BE NECESS>Y TO USE PA9FUL EXACTNESS 9 
APPORTION+ TO EA* HIS RI<TFUL %>E4 ,:]E UNLIMIT$ ABUNDANCE REIGNS1 EA* 
CAN TAKE AS MU* AS HE NE$S )\T >\S+ ! JEAL\SY ( O!RS4 ,ON ! 
O!R H&1 ! KN[L$GE ?AT !RE IS ALWAYS 5\< WILL RE/RA9 EA* ONE 
FROM TAK+ MORE ?AN HE ACTUALLY NE$S1 :E!R TO HO>D IT OR TO WA/E IT1 
BO? ( :I* W\LD BE EQUALLY )\T PURPOSE4 ,! ONLY MEASURE AT ?IS /AGE 
( SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T = ! DIVISION ( ! MEANS ( CONSUMPTION WILL1 
!RE=E1 BE ! NECESSITY ( ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,IT IS OBVI\S ?AT UND] !SE 
CIRCUM/ANCES1 :]E EA* TAKES :AT HE NE$S FROM ! SOCIAL /ORE1 ! IDEA ( 
PRIVATE PROP]TY1 EV5 9 MEANS ( CONSUMPTION1 WILL GRADUALLY DISAPPE>4 

,?IS IMM5SE 9CREASE 9 ! PRODUCTIVITY ( LABOR1 AS A RESULT ( ! 
ADVANCE 9 SCI5CE & $UCATION1 CAN COMM5CE ONLY :5 ! ,SOCIALI/ ORD] 
%ALL HAVE PREVAIL$ = SOME TIME2 = ! 9CREASE ITSELF WILL BE A 
CONSEQU5CE ( ! CULTURAL MEASURES ( ! NEW SOCIETY4 ,!RE=E1 9 ! 
BEG9N+ ! SUP]IORITY ( ,SOCIALI/ PRODUCTION OV] CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION 
WILL HAVE TO BE BAS$ UPON 5TIRELY DIFF]5T FACTORS4 ,ALL !SE FACTORS WILL BE 
DIRECT$ T[>D AN EFFECTIVE ECONOMICAL & C>EFULLY PLANN$ SY/EM ( 
PRODUCTION & ! AVOIDANCE ( ALL USELESS WA/E ( MAT]IAL & LABOR-P[]1 
9 ONE WORD1 ORGANIZATION4 ,WE (T5 CONCEIVE ! AIM ( \R PRES5T 
/RUGGLE TO BE ! ORGANIZATION ( SCATT]$1 WA/EFUL & AN>*IC PRODUCTION1 
& ?IS IS TO BE ACCOMPLI%$ BY ! /ATE AS SOON AS WE %ALL HAVE SEIZ$ IT4 
,! PROLET>IAT1 !N1 NE$S ! P[] ( ! /ATE TO =CE ITS WILL UPON ! 
CLASSES IT HAS CONQU]$1 TO ADVANCE $UCATION1 CULTURE & 9/RUCTION BY VA/ 
MEASURES1 & 9 ADDITION TO ORGANIZE ! PROCESS ( SOCIAL PRODUCTION4 ,OLD 
POLITICAL 9/ITUTIONS WILL BE REMOLD$ 9TO NEW ORGANS1 :I* WILL PLAY A P>T 
9 ! MANAGEM5T ( PRODUCTION2 H5CE !Y WILL RECEIVE AN 5TIRELY NEW 
SIGNIFICANCE1 :ILE ! OLD =MS & NAMES WILL REMA9 UNALT]$4 ,?US ! 
POLITICAL /RUCTURE WILL ALSO BE ALT]$ BUT LITTLE 9 ITS SUP]FICIAL ASPECT1 
BUT GREATLY 9 REALITY4 ,! NATURE ( ! ,/ATE WILL UND]GO SU* A BASIC 
TRANS=MATION ?AT ,5GELS C\LD SAY ) JU/ICE3 ,! /ATE WILL DIE4 ,9/EAD 
( AN 9/ITUTION = ! OPPRESSION ( ONE CLASS BY ! O!R IT BECOMES A 
CORPORATE BODY ) PURELY ECONOMIC FUNCTIONS4 ,9 ACCORDANCE ) ?IS 
COMB9ATION ( POLITICAL =M & ECONOMIC SUB/ANCE1 ! WORK+ REGULATIONS 
WILL HAVE ! =M & =CE ( LAWS4 

,! ORGANIZATION ( LABOR IMPLIES A C]TA9 MEASURE ( LEGAL COMPULSION1 ?AT 
IS TO SAY1 ( ! SUBORD9ATION ( ! WILL ( ! M9ORITY TO ?AT ( ! 
MAJORITY4 ,BUT :5CE WILL ?IS ORD] ( SOCIETY OBTA9 ! =CE TO EXECUTE ITS 
LAWS8 ,UND] CAPITALISM ! /ATE HAS AT ITS DISPOSAL A GREAT MASS ( =CIBLE 
MEANS3 POLICE1 PRISONS & C\RTS1 & F9ALLY ! >MY2 IT IS ONLY ?R\< ! 
PHYSICAL MEANS ( =CE AT ITS DISPOSAL ?AT A M9ORITY IS ABLE TO MA9TA9 ITS 
RULE OV] ! GREAT MASS ( ! PEOPLE4 ,!SE PHYSICAL MEANS ( =CE >E 
UNNECESS>Y TO ! RULE ( ! MASS1 :I* WILL ACCOMPLI% ITS PURPOSE BY MORAL 
=CE ALONE4 ,! POLITICAL SY/EM :I* ! PROLET>IAT WILL 9TRODUCE AFT] ITS 
VICTORY1 & :I* MAY BE DESIGNAT$ AS A CONSI/5T DEMOCRACY1 WILL BE GOV]N$ 
BY ! SAME PR9CIPLES :I* ! WORK]S N[ EMPLOY 9 !IR FI<T+ 
ORGANIZATIONS3 EQUALITY ( RI<TS = ALL MEMB]S1 EXPRESSION ( ! WILL ( ! 
:OLE 9 LEGAL PROVISIONS & RESOLUTIONS :I* EA* MU/ OBEY1 EXECUTION ( ! 
WILL ( ! MAJORITY BY AN EXECUTIVE4 ,! MEANS ( COMPULSION ?AT >E EMPLOY$ 
H]E TO IMPOSE ! WILL ( ! MAJORITY UPON ! M9ORITY WILL PROBABLY ALSO BE 
EMPLOY$ 9 ! FUTURE 9DU/RIAL DEMOCRACY -- NAMELY1 DISCIPL9E4 

,?IS DISCIPL9E CONSI/S 9 ! VOLUNT>Y SUBORD9ATION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL TO 
! :OLE2 IT IS ! *IEF PROLET>IAN VIRTUE1 :I* ! WORK+ MASSES HAVE 
ACQUIR$ 9 !IR /RUGGLE AGA9/ CAPITALISM4 ,! WORK]S WILL NEV] BE ABLE TO 
OV]?R[ CAPITALISM UNTIL !Y HAVE BR\<T ?IS VIRTUE TO ITS HI<E/ 
DEVELOPM5T1 ! SUBORD9ATION ( !IR P]SONAL DESIRES & ( !IR EGOISM TO 
! 9T]E/S ( ! :OLE CLASS2 ?IS VIRTUE !Y WILL C>RY ) !M 9TO ! 
NEW SOCIETY1 & !RE IT WILL BECOME ! MORAL CEM5T ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ORD]4 
,IT WILL BE ! MORAL C\NT]P>T TO POLITICAL DEMOCRACY2 ! LATT] WILL NE$ NO 
O!R MEANS ( =CE4 

,9 ANY CASE1 DISCIPL9E MEANS ! OV]COM+ ( AN EXI/+ 9/9CT2 ! 
SAFEGU>D+ ( ! 9T]E/S ( ! :OLE DOES NOT1 9 ?IS CASE1 SPR+ 
SPONTANE\SLY FROM DIRECT 9CL9ATION1 BUT FROM RATIONAL CONSID]ATION4 ,?IS 
9/9CT1 :I* MU/ BE OV]COME1 IS EGOISM1 SELF-9T]E/1 :I* HAS BE5 
FO/]$ BY ! ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ( COMMODITY PRODUCTION & COMPETITION 
UNTIL IT HAS BECOME ! PR$OM9ANT 9/9CT4 ,:OEV] DOES NOT POSSESS ?IS 
*>ACT]I/IC1 OR POSSESSES IT 9 9SUFFICI5T MEASURE1 IS HOPELESSLY LO/ 
UND] CAPITALISM4 ,A *>ACT]I/IC ?AT = C\NTLESS G5]ATIONS HAS BE5 EV] 
NECESS>Y1 & ALMO/ ESS5TIAL TO LIFE1 & H5CE IS FIRMLY ROOT$ 9 HUMAN 
NATURE1 WILL REQUIRE SEV]AL G5]ATIONS ( DISUSE TO BECOME WEAK5$ TO A 
CONSID]ABLE DEGREE & F9ALLY TO DISAPPE>4 ,!RE=E1 ! ,SOCIALI/ ORD] ( 
SOCIETY WILL BE UNABLE TO UPROOT ?IS IMPULSE IMM$IATELY2 ITS ADVANCE OV] 
CAPITALISM WILL CONSI/ 9 ?IS1 ?AT EGOISM WILL BE RE/RA9$ BY DISCIPL9E 
7?AT IS1 BY RATIONAL CONVICTION GR[N 9TO A HABIT71 ?AT ! PRES]VATION ( 
! COMMON 9T]E/ WILL BECOME ! MO/ EFFICACI\S MEANS ( PRES]V+ ! 
9DIVIDUAL 9T]E/4 

,BUT ! NEW ORD] ( SOCIETY WILL ITSELF FO/] F> DIFF]5T TRAITS ( 
*>ACT]4 ,! COMMON LABOR = A COMMON 5D1 ! COMMUNITY ( 9DIVIDUAL 
9T]E/S ) ?OSE ( SOCIETY AS A :OLE1 WILL DEVELOP TO AN EXTRAORD9>Y 
DEGREE ! FEEL+ ( BRO!RHOOD & COMRADE%IP4 ,IT WAS ECONOMIC NECESSITY 
?AT MADE EGOISM ! MO/ PROM95T TRAIT ( M5 UND] CAPITALISM2 IT WAS 
ECONOMIC NECESSITY ?AT MADE SOLID>ITY & DISCIPL9E ! LEAD+ TRAITS ( ! 
REVOLUTION>Y LABOR MOVEM5T2 & IT IS ECONOMIC NECESSITY ?AT WILL1 TO ! 
SAME EXT5T1 DEVELOP ! FEEL+ ( SOCIABILITY ABOVE ALL O!R TRAITS ( 
*>ACT] 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ SOCIETY4 ,M5 WILL REG>D !MSELVES1 FIR/ ( ALL1 
NOT AS 9DIVIDUALS1 BUT AS MEMB]S ( SOCIETY2 ! WELF>E ( ! :OLE WILL 
DOM9ATE ALL !IR ?\<TS & FEEL+S4 ,?IS T5D5CY WILL !N NO LONG] RE/ 
UPON ! SELF-CONQUE/ ( ! 9DIVIDUAL1 :O SACRIFICES HIS 9CL9ATION TO ?AT 
:I* HE RECOGNIZES AS NECESS>Y2 IT WILL RE/ UPON DIRECT 9CL9ATION ,9/EAD 
( HAV+ TO OV]COME AN 9H]IT$ 9/9CT1 ?IS T5D5CY WILL RA!R CONSI/ 
9 ! ACTIVE EX]CISE ( ! NEWLY BORN 9/9CT4 

,?IS EVOLUTION ( HUMAN 9/9CTS WILL ALSO 5TAIL A *ANGE 9 ! SOCIAL 
ORGANIZATION4 ,9 ! BEG9N+1 ! ORGANIZATION ( SOCIAL LABOR WILL REQUIRE 
SPECIAL MEASURES1 :I* WILL BE DECID$ UPON BY ! MAJORITY1 EXECUT$ ) 
CONSCI5TI\S C>E BY A C5TRAL BODY1 & FAI?FULLY OBS]V$ BY ! 9DIVIDUAL4 
,BUT AS ORGANIZ$ WORK BECOMES A HABIT1 & AS ! 9T]E/ ( ALL BECOMES ! 
HI<E/ AIM ( EA*1 ! DELIB]ATE ORGANIZATION & REGULATION ( LABOR WILL 
GRADUALLY BECOME SUP]FLU\S4 ,& TO ?IS EXT5T ! LA/ VE/IGES ( POLITICAL 
AU?ORITY WILL VANI%1 ! AU?ORITY :I* 9 ! BEG9N+1 UND] ! =M ( 
LAWS & CONTROLL+ BODIES1 KEPT ! M9ORITY 9 SUBORD9ATION TO ! MAJORITY4 
,! ORGANIZATION ( LABOR WILL !N BE NO LONG] A PRODUCT ( EXT]NAL 
REGULATION1 BUT ( 9N] IMPULSE4 ,& :5 ! 5ORM\S 9CREASE 9 
PRODUCTIVITY1 DUE TO ! ADVANCE ( SCI5CE1 BECOMES A REALITY1 ! RESULTS ( 
LABOR WILL NO LONG] HAVE TO BE OBTA9$ ?R\< C>EFULLY PLANN$ ORGANIZATION4 
,?US ! SUB/ITUTION ( ,SOCIALISM = CAPITALISM SIGNIFIES FROM ! V]Y 
BEG9N+ AN 5ORM\S ADVANCE 9 LIB]TY1 S9CE ! RATIONAL =CE ( DISCIPL9E 
9 BEHALF ( 9DIVIDUAL & COMMON 9T]E/S TAKES ! PLACE ( BRUTAL 
COMPULSION 9 ! S]VICE ( ALI5 & HO/ILE 9T]E/S2 BUT 9 ! FUR!R 
DEVELOPM5T ( ! ,SOCIALI/ SOCIETY EV5 ! COMPULSION ( DISCIPL9E WILL 
GRADUALLY DISAPPE>1 & NO COMPULSION WILL REMA9 O!R ?AN ?AT ( ! 
9DIVIDUAL'S [N S5SE ( SOCIABILITY1 ! APPRECIATION OR ! BLAME ( HIS 
FELL[M54 

,IT IS SELF-EVID5T ?AT ) GREAT] OR LESS PROBABILITY MU* MORE CAN BE 
9F]R$ FROM ! GIV5 PREMISES 9 REG>D TO ! V>I\S PHASES ( DEVELOPM5T 
( ! FUTURE SOCIETY3 9 REG>D TO ! TE*NIQUE ( LABOR1 >TI/IC ACTIVITY1 
! RETURN TO ! L&1 ETC41 !RE >E MANY VALUABLE H9TS 9 \R LIT]ATURE4 
,! /ATEM5TS MADE H]E1 H[EV]1 SUFFICE = AN APPRECIATION ( ! VIEWS ( 
! MOD]N ,UTOPIANS4 

#c4 ,M,O,D,],N ,U,T,O,P,I,A,N,I,S,M4 

,AS LONG AS NO WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5T WAS 9 EXI/5CE1 UTOPIANISM WAS ! 
NATURAL =M ( ,SOCIALISM1 ( ! ASPIRATION = A =M ( SOCIETY BAS$ UPON 
COMMON PROP]TY4 ,UNTIL ! APPE>ANCE UPON ! /AGE ( HI/ORY ( A CLASS :OSE 
/RUGGLES HAD ,SOCIALISM = !IR NECESS>Y GOAL1 ,SOCIALISM WAS B\ND TO BE AN 
>TFULLY CONTRIV$ IDEA1 ( :I* HOPES W]E 5T]TA9$ ?AT IT MI<T BE MADE 
SUFFICI5TLY ATTRACTIVE TO ! RE/ ( MANK9D4 ,TO HAVE =ESE5 ?IS GOAL1 
SIGNIFI$ AT ?AT TIME A TREM5D\S ADVANCE4 ,!RE=E ! MOD]N ,SOCIALI/IC 
WORK+ CLASS HOLDS 9 HI< HONOR ! GREAT ,UTOPIANS ( ! E>LY P>T ( ! 
N9ETE5? C5TURY1 :OM IT REG>DS AS ITS PRECURSORS4 

,EV5 ) ! APPE>ANCE ( SCI5TIFIC COMMUNISM & ( ! WORK+ CLASS 
MOVEM5T1 ,UTOPIANISM HAS NOT UTT]LY VANI%$ FROM ! SC5E4 ,! DEFECTS & 
FAULTS ( ! EXI/+ SOCIAL ORD] >E SO PLA9LY APP>5T TO C\NTLESS M5 
\TSIDE ! WORK+ CLASS1 ?AT ! QUE/ION IS =C$ UPON !M3 ,C\LD NOT 
SOCIETY BE BETT] ORGANIZ$8 ,BUT ONLY AN 9F9ITESIMAL PORTION ( !M COME 9TO 
! WORK]S' CAMP AS ALLIES2 ! CONCEPTIONS ( ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY REMA9 
=EIGN TO !M2 & AL?\< SOME1 AFT] MU* DIFFICULTY & PA9FUL %$D+ 
( NUMB]LESS PREJUDICES1 DO F9ALLY F9D !IR WAY !RE1 ! GREAT MAJORITY 
>E PREV5T$ BY B\RGEOIS LIMITATIONS4 ,TO !SE !RE IS NO O!R C\RSE LEFT 
?AN TO CON/RUCT A BETT] WORLD 9 !IR [N IMAG9ATION & TO TRY TO GA9 
ADH]5TS TO IT2 TO ! PR(ESSIONAL VANITY ( CLEV] LIT]ATI IT APPE>S F> 
MORE HONORABLE TO 9V5T A 0SY/EM0 ( !IR [N1 ?AN TO BE 9CORPORAT$ 
RECRUITS 9 ! GREAT >MY ( ! P>TY ( ,LABOR4 

,?US ! TWO ROOTS ( MOD]N ,UTOPIANISM >E ! DEFECTS ( CAPITALISM & ! 
GREAT 9TELLECTUAL EM95CE ( ! ,SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T1 SO %>PLY OPPOS$ TO ALL 
CONV5TIONAL B\RGEOIS CONCEPTIONS & SO F> SUP]IOR TO !M4 ,BUT :ILE ! 
CLASSICAL ,UTOPIANISM WAS 9 ADVANCE ( ITS TIME1 MOD]N ,UTOPIANISM LAGS BEH9D 
\R AGE4 ,IT REMA9S B5EA? ! 9TELLECTUAL LEVEL ( ! PRES5T1 BECAUSE IT 
HAS NOT FRE$ ITSELF ( ! 9TELLECTUAL BACKW>DNESS ( ! B\RGEOIS MODE ( 
?\<T4 ,)9 ! LATT]1 IT IS TRUE1 IT OCCUPIES AN HONORABLE PLACE BECAUSE 
( ITS WID] VISION & KE5] CRITICAL ATTITUDE2 ?IS HONOR>Y TE/IMONIAL MU/ 
COMP5SATE IT = ! FACT ?AT IT IS PRACTICALLY )\T 9FLU5CE 9 SOCIETY4 
,A ,UTOPIA1 AN IMAG9$ BE/ ORD] ( SOCIETY1 CANNOT =M ! PROGRAM ( A 
FI<T+ CLASS2 A ,UTOPIA CANNOT GA!R >\ND ITSELF A P>TY1 IT CAN ONLY BE ! 
NUCLEUS ( A SECT4 

,IT IS TRUE ?AT EV5 ,UTOPIAN SOCIAL CON/RUCTIONS CAN TEMPOR>ILY GA9 
CONSID]ABLE 9FLU5CE4 ,9 ,AM]ICA1 AFT] ! PUBLICATION ( ,BELLAMY'S 0,LOOK+ 
,BACKW>D10 A GR\P ( PEOPLE 7IT WAS EV5 CALL$ A P>TY7 WAS =M$1 :I* SET 
= ITSELF ! TASK ( REALIZ+ ! SY/EM ( SOCIETY DESCRIB$ BY ,BELLAMY4 
,SIMIL>LY1 9 ! BEG9N+S ( ! ,G]MAN WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5T ! ,UTOPIAN 
CON/RUCTIONS ( ,EUG5 ,DUHR+ MET ) SO MU* RESPONSE ?AT ,5GELS WAS =C$ 
9TO ! FAM\S CONTROV]SY ) HIM4 

,AMONG ALL MOD]N ,UTOPIAN SY/EMS1 ,AN>*ISM 9 ITS V>I\S =MS HAS BECOME 
! MO/ 9FLU5TIAL & SIGNIFICANT = ! LABOR MOVEM5T4 ,9 C\NTRIES ?AT 
HAVE REMA9$ BACKW>D 9 CAPITALI/IC DEVELOPM5T1 :]E ! GOV]NM5T IS 9 
! H&S ( A SMALL1 CORRUPT CLIQUE S]V+ ONLY SPECIAL PETTY 9T]E/S1 
9/EAD ( 9 ! H&S ( AN 5]GETIC CAPITALI/ CLASS ?AT HAS /RONGLY 
ORGANIZ$ ! P[] ( ! ,/ATE1 ! ,AN>*I/IC WAT*WORD1 AB/95CE FROM 
CORRUPT+ POLITICS1 MEETS ) READY RESPONSE AMONG ! WORK]S4 ,?US IT WAS 
= A LONG TIME 9 ,ITALY1 ?US IT IS /ILL 9 ,SPA94 ,AS ! LOGICAL SUCCESSOR TO 
LIB]ALISM1 IT =CES ! LATT]'S 9DIVIDUALISM -- WOR%IP ( AB/RACT 
LIB]TY & AV]SION TO ! P[] ( ! ,/ATE & ALL AU?ORITY -- 9TO A 
COMPLETE OPPOSITE TO CAPITALISM4 ,ITS ,SOCIALISM IS ,UTOPIANISM1 ?AT IS1 IT HAS NO 
IDEA ( ! NECESS>Y EVOLUTION ( SOCIAL =MATIONS UPON ! BASIS ( ! 
EVOLUTION ( ! =CES ( PRODUCTION1 BUT PLACES BE=E ITSELF ! IDEAL ( AN 
ABSOLUTELY JU/ & BE/ WORLD1 = :I* IT SEEKS TO W9 ADH]5TS BY MEANS ( 
PROPAG&A4 

,REG>D$ SUP]FICIALLY1 ?IS IDEAL APPE>S TO HAVE SOME FEATURES 9 COMMON 
) ! /ATE ( SOCIETY :I* WE HAVE PR$ICT$ ABOVE AS ! F>!/ RESULT 
( EVOLUTION4 ,! DIVISION ( ! MEANS ( CONSUMPTION ACCORD+ TO NE$ & ! 
ABS5CE ( ALL COMPULSORY AU?ORITY1 :I* WE EXPECT AS ! F9AL CONSEQU5CE ( 
EVOLUTION1 IS SET UP BY ! ,AN>*I/S AS AN ABSOLUTE DEM& = SOCIETY4 ,?IS 
CO9CID5CE IS ! BASIS ( ! CURI\S IDEA ?AT ! ,AN>*I/S >E MORE 
LOGICAL & MORE RADICAL ?AN ! ,SOCIALI/S1 BECAUSE !Y ASPIRE TO AN ORD] ( 
SOCIETY ?AT IS HI<] & FUR!R DEVELOP$ ?AN ! ,SOCIALI/ ORD] ( 
SOCIETY4 

,?IS IDEA IS RIDICUL\S4 ,9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 !RE IS NO SU* ?+ AS A 
DEF9ITE ,SOCIALI/ ORD] ( SOCIETY4 ,& 9 ! SECOND PLACE ! LIB]TY 
DEM&$ BY ! ,AN>*I/S TAKES NO ACC\NT ( ! F\NDATION WORK -- ! 
HI<LY DEVELOP$ PRODUCTIVE =CES -- :I* ALONE MAKES ?AT LIB]TY 
POSSIBLE4 ,9 ,KROPOTK9'S FAM\S WORK1 0,! ,CONQUE/ ( ,BREAD10 ! WORK]S >E 
ADVIS$1 :5 ! REVOLUTION BREAKS \T1 TO ?R[ (F ALL AU?ORITY & TO 
E/ABLI% NO NEW AU?ORITY1 BUT TO COMB9E 9TO FREE LABOR+ GR\PS4 ,ALL ?AT 
C\LD RESULT FROM ?IS IS COOP]ATIVE1 OR PRIVATE1 PETTY 9DU/RY4 ,! 
,AN>*I/IC IDEAL DISCLOSES ITSELF H]E AS A PETTY-B\RGEOIS IDEAL1 A YE>N+ 
= ! 0LIB]TY0 ( ! SMALL1 9DEP5D5T PRODUC]2 SOME ,AN>*I/S1 :O CALL 
!MSELVES ! MO/ LOGICAL1 EV5 PUT !IR !ORY 9TO PRACTICE & SETTLE AS 
H]MITS UPON SOME SMALL E/ATE1 F> REMOV$ FROM ! TUMULT ( WORLD CONFLICTS 
& DEVELOPM5T4 

,H[EV]1 ?IS IDEA IS EASILY COMPREH5SIBLE1 BECAUSE ALL ?OSE :O HAVE NOT 
FRE$ !MSELVES FROM ! B\RGEOIS CONCEPTIONS1 H5CE ALSO ! ,AN>*I/S1 
CANNOT CONCEIVE ( ,SOCIALISM & ! /RIV+ = ! ABOLITION ( CAPITALISM1 
O!RWISE ?AN AS ! REALIZATION ( A ,UTOPIA4 ,!RE=E1 !Y BELIEVE ! 
,SOCIALI/S TO BE ! ADH]5TS ( A DEF9ITE FUTURE SOCIAL ORD]1 ONE ?AT HAS 
ALREADY BE5 FIX$ & DET]M9$ UPON4 ,?IS ]ROR IS ESPECIALLY PREVAL5T 9 
,FRANCE3 ! ALLEG$ IDEAL ( ! ,SOCIALI/S -- ! SOCIALIZATION ( ! 
MEANS ( PRODUCTION EXCLUSIVELY -- IS !RE CALL$ ,COLLECTIVISM1 :ILE ! 
MORE RADICAL1 :O DEM& ! ABOLITION ( ALL PRIVATE PROP]TY1 CALL !MSELVES 
,COMMUNI/S4 ,IT IS FUR!R SAID ( ! ,COLLECTIVI/S ?AT !Y ADVOCATE A 
DIVISION ( GOODS ACCORD+ TO S]VICE1 :ILE ! ,COMMUNI/S WANT !M TO BE 
DIVID$ ACCORD+ TO NE$4 

,?IS IDEA (T5 PREVAILS AMONG ?OSE :O SEEK EXACT DEF9ITIONS ( ,SOCIALISM 
& ,AN>*ISM1 9 ORD] TO ANSW] ! QUE/ION :E!R ! ,AN>*I/S ALSO 
BELONG TO ! GREAT FAMILY ( ,SOCIALI/S1 & :E!R !Y >E JU/LY OR 
UNJU/LY REJECT$ BY ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATS AS ILLEGITIMATE 0BRO!RS40 
,PRACTICALLY1 ! QUE/ION IS NOT ( ! SLI<TE/ IMPORTANCE2 WE FI<T ! 
,AN>*I/S MO/ 5]GETICALLY1 9 SPITE ( ! FACT ?AT !Y CALL !MSELVES 
5EMIES ( CAPITALISM1 BECAUSE !Y >E 5EMIES ( ! WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5T2 
BECAUSE !IR PROPAG&A ALWAYS ?REAT5S TO DE/ROY ORGANIZATION & 
DISCIPL9E1 ! *IEF WEAPONS ( ! PROLET>IAT 9 ITS /RUGGLES1 & T5DS TO 
DIV]T ! WORK]S FROM ! MO/ IMPORTANT P>T ( !IR /RUGGLE1 ! CONQUE/ 
( ! P[] ( ! ,/ATE4 ,& SO IT IS NOT BECAUSE ( A =MAL DEF9ITION1 BUT 
9 ! 9T]E/S ( ! PRACTICAL /RUGGLE1 ?AT WE REG>D ! ,AN>*I/S AS 
OPPON5TS :O DO NOT BELONG TO \R ,SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T4 

,FOOTNOTES3 

7#a74 ,?IS !ORY ( TRANS=MATION HAS BE5 SET =? AT L5G? BY ,K>L ,KAUTSKY 9 ! SECOND P>T ( 0,! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION40 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #a1 #bba 3 ,SOCIALISM & ,AN>*ISM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,SOCIALISM & ,AN>*ISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/