,SLAVES BY ,*OICE 

#a$h 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ETI5NE ,DE ,LA ,BOETIE 

,TEXT 3 

,UNKN[N ,5GLI% TRANSLATOR 

 ,HAV+ SEV]AL LORDS IS NO GOOD ?+3 
 ,LET ONE1 & 
  ONE ALONE1 BE LORD & K+6 

,SO SPOKE ,ULYSSES1 9 A SPEE* RECORD$ BY ,HOM]4 ,IF ,ULYSSES HAD SIMPLY 
  SAID ',HAV+ SEV]AL LORDS IS NO GOOD ?+'1 !N HE C\LD HAVE SAID 
  NO?+ BETT]4 ,HE \<T TO HAVE GONE ON TO %[ :Y DOM9ATION BY SEV]AL 
  PEOPLE CANNOT BE A GOOD ?+3 ! REASON IS ?AT IF Y\ CALL ANYONE 
  'MA/]'1 EV5 IF IT IS ONLY ONE MAN1 HE WILL BECOME H>% & 
  UNREASONABLE SIMPLY BECAUSE HE HAS BE5 GIV5 ?AT TITLE4 ,BUT 9/EAD ( DO+ 
  ?AT1 HE W5T & ADD$ JU/ ! OPPOSITE1 ',LET ONE1 & ONE ALONE1 BE 
  LORD & K+6' 

,ULYSSES DOES P]HAPS HAVE AN EXCUSE4 ,HE MADE ?IS UTT]ANCE AT A TIME 
  :5 A MUT9Y 9 ! MILIT>Y HAD TO BE QUELL$1 & IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT ?IS 
  CIRCUM/ANCE HAD MORE 9FLU5CE UPON HIM ?AN ! OBJECTIVE TRU? DID4 ,! 
  PLA9 FACT IS ?AT TO BE ! SUBJECT ( A MA/] :O ALWAYS HAS ! P[] TO BE 
  WICK$1 & :O CAN !RE=E NEV] BE RELI$ ON TO BE GOOD1 IS AN EXTREME 
  MIS=TUNE -- & ! EXTREMITY ( ! MIS=TUNE IS MULTIPLI$ BY ! 
  NUMB] ( MA/]S ONE HAS4 ,BUT MY TOPIC IS NOT ?AT CON/ANTLY DEBAT$ QUE/ION 
  ( :E!R ! O!R TYPES ( POLITICAL SY/EMS >E BETT] ?AN MON>*Y4 
  7,ACTUALLY1 IT IS DEBATABLE :E!R MON>*Y \<T TO BE RANK$ AMONG POLITICAL 
  SY/EMS AT ALL1 = IT IS H>D TO BELIEVE !RE IS ANY SU* ?+ AS POLITICS 
  :5 EV]Y?+ IS 9 ! H&S ( ONE MAN74 ,I LEAVE ?AT QUE/ION = ANO!R 
  TIME4 ,IT REQUIRES A SEP>ATE TREATISE -- OR RA!R1 IT BR+S ) IT EV]Y 
  POLITICAL DISCUSSION !RE IS4 

EVAL7EZ.-WRITE.-TAG7.<.<#g#b#h1#i.>1'CON/ITUTION.-ORG-BOX-#d'1'EZSLOT.-#c'1#b#f#a1''.>772,MY SOLE AIM ON ?IS OCCASION IS TO DISCOV] H[ IT CAN HAPP5 ?AT A 
  VA/ NUMB] ( 9DIVIDUALS1 ( T[NS1 CITIES & NATIONS CAN ALL[ ONE MAN TO 
  TYRANNIZE !M1 A MAN :O HAS NO P[] EXCEPT :AT !Y !MSELVES GIVE HIM1 
  :O C\LD DO !M NO H>M W]E !Y NOT WILL+ TO SUFF] H>M1 & :O C\LD 
  NEV] WRONG !M W]E !Y NOT MORE READY TO 5DURE IT ?AN TO /& 9 HIS 
  WAY4 ,IT IS A GRIEV\S MATT] -- & YET SO COMMONPLACE ?AT \R SORR[ IS 
  ! GREAT] & \R SURPRISE ! LESS -- TO SEE A MILLION M5 9 ABJECT 
  S]VITUDE1 !IR NECKS B\ND TO ! YOKE1 & 9 ?AT /ATE NOT BECAUSE !Y 
  HAVE HAD TO YIELD TO SOME GREAT] =CE BUT1 IT SEEMS1 BECAUSE !Y HAVE BE5 
  MESM]IZ$ BY ! M]E NAME ( A S+LE MAN1 A MAN !Y \<T NEI!R TO FE> 
  7= HE IS JU/ ONE MAN7 NOR LOVE 7AS HE IS 9HUMAN & B>B>IC T[>DS 
  !M74 

,WE (T5 F9D \RSELVES 9 A POSITION ( WEAKNESS1 ) NO OPTION BUT TO 
  YIELD TO =CE4 ,WE DO NOT ALWAYS HAVE ! UPP] H&1 & WE MAY HAVE TO PLAY 
  = TIME4 ,WE MU/ NOT BE SURPRIS$1 !N1 :5 A NATION :I* IS AT W> F9DS 
  ITSELF COMPELL$ TO S]VE ONE RUL] 7AS ! CITY ( ,A!NS S]V$ ! ?IRTY 
  TYRANTS7 -- ?\< WE MU/ DEPLORE ?AT S]VITUDE4 ,OR RA!R1 WE MU/ 
  NEI!R BE SURPRIS$ AT ! SITUATION NOR DEPLORE IT1 BUT 5DURE ! MIS=TUNE 
  PATI5TLY1 & LOOK =W>D TO BETT] =TUNE 9 ! FUTURE4 

,HUMAN NATURE IS SU* ?AT ! WAY WE LIVE IS L>GELY 9FLU5C$ BY ! 
  COMMON DUTIES ( FRI5D%IP4 ,IT IS REASONABLE ?AT WE %\LD LOVE VIRTUE1 ?AT 
  WE %\LD HAVE A HI< REG>D = NOBLE DE$S1 ?AT :5 SOMEONE DOES US A FAVOR 
  WE %\LD ACKN[L$GE ! FACT1 & ?AT WE %\LD BE PREP>$ TO ACCEPT SOME 
  R$UCTION 9 \R [N COM=T 9 ORD] TO 5HANCE ! /&+ ( ONE :OM WE 
  LOVE & :O HAD DES]V$ \R LOVE4 ,& 9 ! SAME WAY1 CITIZ5S ( A :OLE 
  NATION WILL ACKN[L$GE ?AT A P>TICUL> 9DIVIDUAL HAS PROTECT$ !M BY 
  DISPLAY+ GREAT =ESI<T1 OR HAD DEF5D$ !M ) GREAT BRAV]Y1 OR 
  GOV]N$ !M ) GREAT C>E1 & !Y MAY ?US ACCEPT ?AT IT IS REASONABLE 
  TO BE OB$I5T T[>DS HIM1 & !Y MAY GO SO F> AS TO 5TRU/ HIM ) P[] 
  OV] !M4 ,I AM NOT SURE ?AT ?IS IS WISE1 = !Y >E REMOV+ HIM FROM A 
  POSITION 9 :I* HE WAS DO+ GOOD & PUTT+ HIM 9 A POSITION 9 :I* HE 
  CAN DO H>M4 ,BUT !RE IS NO D\BT ?AT !RE IS SOME?+ COMM5DABLE AB\T 
  ! FACT ?AT !Y FE> NO H>M FROM SOMEONE :O HAS DONE !M NO?+ BUT 
  GOOD4 

,BUT -- OH GOOD ,GOD6 -- :AT IS ?IS8 ,:AT WORDS CAN DESCRIBE 
  ?IS VISE1 ?IS MIS=TUNE 7OR RA!R1 VISE & MIS=TUNE67 ,:]EBY ! 
  OB$I5CE ( AN 9F9ITE NUMB] ( PEOPLE DEG5]ATES 9TO S]VITUDE1 
  GOV]NM5T TURNS TO TYRANNY1 & PEOPLE HAVE NO?+ !Y CAN CALL !IR [N1 
  NOT EV5 !IR P>5TS1 !IR WIVES1 !IR *ILDR51 !IR [N LIVES6 ,& !Y 
  BECOME PREY TO ! PILLAGE1 LU/S & CRUELTY NOT ( SOME >MY1 NOT ( A 
  B>B>IAN HORDE :I* !Y C\LD ONLY RESI/ BY %$D+ !IR BLOOD & LAY+ 
  D[N !IR LIVES1 BUT ( A S+LE MAN6 ,& IS HE A ,H]CULES OR A ,SAMSON8 ,NO1 HE 
  IS A SOLIT>Y WEAKL+1 & USUALLY ! MO/ C[>DLY & EFFEM9ATE 9 ! 
  L&1 :O IS UNACCU/OM$ TO ! DU/ ( BATTLE & HAS H>DLY EV5 SET EYES ON 
  ! S& ( ! J\/+ >5A1 & :O HAS NO AU?ORITY TO ISSUE ORD]S TO M5 
  S9CE HE IS AN ABJECT SLAVE ( SOME PITIFUL LITTLE WOMAN6 ,>E WE TO SAY ?AT 
  ! PEOPLE >E C[>DS8 ,%ALL WE CALL !M PUSILLANIM\S & FA9!>T$8 
  ,SUPPOS+ Y\ HAVE TWO PEOPLE1 OR ?REE OR F\R1 :O FAIL TO DEF5D !MSELVES 
  AGA9/ ONE MAN3 ?AT IS A /RANGE SITUATION1 BUT /ILL )9 ! B\NDS ( 
  POSSIBILITY1 & WE CAN RI<TLY SAY ?AT !SE PEOPLE >E LACK+ 9 C\RAGE4 
  ,BUT IF A HUNDR$ OR A ?\S& PEOPLE >E WILL+ TO TOL]ATE ONE MAN1 SURELY 
  WE HAVE TO CONCLUDE NOT ?AT !Y D>E NOT DEFY HIM1 BUT ?AT !Y DO NOT WANT 
  TO1 & ?AT !IR ATTITUDE IS NOT ONE ( C[>DICE BUT RA!R ( APA?Y & 
  DISDA98 ,IF :AT WE SEE IS NOT A HUNDR$ OR A ?\S& M51 BUT A HUNDR$ 
  NATIONS & A ?\S& CITIES & A MILLION M5 FAIL+ TO *ALL5GE ONE MAN 
  7:O1 H[EV] WELL HE TREATS ANY 9DIVIDUAL1 IS /ILL TREAT+ HIM AS A S]F 
  & A SLAVE71 :AT >E WE TO CALL ?AT8 ,IS IT C[>DICE8 ,N[ ALL VISES HAVE 
  NATURAL LIMITS3 TWO PEOPLE MAY FE> ONE MAN1 T5 PEOPLE MAY FE> HIM4 ,BUT IF A 
  ?\S& M51 A MILLION M51 A ?\S& CITIES DO NOT DEF5D !MSELVES AGA9/ 
  ONE MAN1 ?AT CANNOT BE C[>DICE1 = C[>DICE CANNOT GO ?AT F>1 JU/ AS 
  VALOR CANNOT GO SO F> AS TO LEAD ONE MAN TO SCALE A =TRESS1 TO ATTACK AN 
  >MY1 TO CONQU] A K+DOM4 ,SO :AT PRODIGI\S VISE IS ?IS = :I* ! T]M 
  'C[>DICE' IS TOO FLATT]+1 = :I* !RE IS NO NAME VILE 5\<1 
  :I* NATURE H]SELF WILL NOT ADMIT TO HAV+ CREAT$ & :I* ! TONGUE CAN 
  F9D NO NAME =8 

EVAL7EZ.-WRITE.-TAG7.<.<#g#b#h1#i.>1'CON/ITUTION.-ORG-BANN]-#a'1'EZSLOT.-#d'1#c#f#a1''.>772,SUPPOSE WE HAVE TWO >MIES ( FIFTY ?\S& M5 CONFRONT+ EA* O!R1 
  ) ONE >MY MADE UP ( FREE M5 FI<T+ TO /AY FREE & ! O!R FI<T+ 
  TO TAKE !IR FRE$OM AWAY FROM !M3 :5 !Y JO9 BATTLE1 :I* SIDE DO Y\ 
  EXPECT TO EM]GE VICTORI\S8 ,:O WILL GO 9TO BATTLE ) ! GREAT] VIGOR8 
  ,WILL IT BE ?OSE :OSE REW>D = !IR EF=TS WILL BE ! RET5TION ( !IR 
  FRE$OM1 OR WILL IT BE ?OSE :OSE ONLY REW>D = ! BL[S !Y GIVE OR 
  RECEIVE WILL BE TO IMPOSE SLAV]Y ON O!R PEOPLE8 ,ONE >MY HAS ITS PA/ GOOD 
  =TUNE TO REFLECT ON1 & ! EXPECTATION ?AT ?IS GOOD =TUNE WILL CONT9UE 
  9 ! FUTURE3 !IR ?\<TS WILL BE NOT SO MU* ON :AT LITTLE !Y HAVE TO 
  5DURE :ILE ! BATTLE LA/S AS ON :AT !Y & !IR *ILDR5 & !IR 
  DESC5DANTS MI<T HAVE TO 5DURE =EV]4 ,!IR FOES HAVE NO?+ BUT GRE$ TO 
  SPUR !M ON4 ,H[EV] %>P ?IS GRE$1 IT IS IMM$IATELY BLUNT$ BY DANG]2 
  H[EV] VIOL5TLY IT BURNS1 IT IS EXT+UI%$ BY ! FIR/ DROP ( !IR [N 
  BLOOD4 ,CONSID] ?OSE MO/ ILLU/RI\S BATTLES F\<T TWO ?\S& YE>S AGO 9 
  ,GREECE & ,MILTIADES1 ,LEONIDAS & ,!MI/OCLES1 BATTLES :I* >E FRE% 9 \R 
  M9DS1 & 9 ! M9DS ( WRIT]S1 AS ?\< !Y HAD HAPP5$ BUT YE/]DAY4 
  ,!SE BATTLES W]E F\<T AS EXAMPLES = ! :OLE ( HUMANITY AS WELL AS = 
  ! B5EFIT ( ! ,GREEKS4 ,& :AT DO Y\ ?9K IT WAS ?AT GAVE ! ,GREEKS1 
  SO FEW 9 NUMB]1 ?AT C\RAGE :I* TRANSC5D$ !IR LACK ( P[]1 & 
  5ABL$ !M TO )/& A FLEET SO VA/ ?AT ! V]Y SEA WAS OV]LOAD$1 & 
  TO DEFEAT NATIONS SO NUM]\S ?AT ! BATTALION ( ,GREEKS W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 
  NUM]\S 5\< TO SUPPLY G5]ALS = ! >MIES ( ! 5EMY8 ,WAS IT NOT ?AT 
  9 ?OSE GLORI\S DAYS IT WAS NO SO MU* ! ,GREEKS FI<T+ ! ,P]SIANS AS A 
  VICTORY ( LIB]TY OV] DOM9ATION1 ( FRE$OM OV] GRE$8 

,IT IS CURI\S TO HE> TELL ( ! VALOR ?AT FRE$OM 9 ! HE>T ( ITS 
  DEF5D]S4 ,BUT :O W\LD EV] BELIEVE ?AT ONE MAN C\LD OPPRESS A HUNDR$ 
  ?\S& & DEPRIVE !M ( !IR LIB]TY 7& ?IS HAPP5S 9 ALL L&S1 9 
  ALL COMMUNITIES1 EV]Y DAY671 IF ALL HE HAD TO GO ON WAS SOMEONE ELSE'S REPORT1 
  & IF HE DID NOT HAVE ! EVID5CE ( HIS [N EYES8 ,IF IT ONLY HAPP5$ 9 
  =EIGN1 F>AWAY L&S1 & SOMEBODY TOLD US IT WAS HAPP5+1 SURELY ANYBODY 
  W\LD RECKON ?AT ! /ORY WAS UTT]LY FICTITI\S8 

,N[ !RE IS NO NE$ TO COMBAT ?IS SOLIT>Y TYRANT1 NO NE$ TO DEFEAT 
  HIM3 HE WILL BE AUTOMATICALLY DEFEAT$1 PROVID$ ONLY ?AT ! NATION REFUSES 
  TO ACCEPT SLAV]Y4 ,!RE IS NO NE$ TO TAKE ANY?+ FROM HIM3 SIMPLY REFUSE TO 
  GIVE HIM ANY?+4 ,!RE IS NO NE$ = ! NATION TO DO ANY?+ ON ITS [N 
  BEHALF1 SO LONG AS IT REFRA9S FROM DO+ ANY?+ AGA9/ ITSELF4 ,IT IS 
  EVID5T1 !N1 ?AT PEOPLE ALL[ !MSELVES TO BE DOM9AT$1 OR RA!R ?AT 
  !Y ACTUALLY BR+ AB\T !IR [N DOM9ATION1 S9CE M]ELY BY CEAS+ TO 
  S]VE !Y W\LD BE FREE4 ,IT IS ! PEOPLE :O 5?RALL$ !MSELVES1 :O CUT 
  !IR [N ?ROATS1 :O1 FAC$ ) A *OICE BETWE5 S]VITUDE & FRE$OM1 
  AB&ON !IR LIB]TY & ACCEPT ! YOKE1 :O CONS5T TO BE+ H>M$ -- 
  OR RA!R1 SEEK TO BE H>M$4 ,IF IT CO/S ! PEOPLE SOME?+ TO RECOV] !IR 
  FRE$OM1 ,I W\LD NOT PRESS ! PO9T 7IS !RE ANY?+1 ?\<1 ?AT MAN \<T 
  TO HOLD MORE DE> ?AN TO RECOV] :AT NATURE 5TITLES HIM TO1 & TO BECOME1 
  AS IT W]E1 A MAN RA!R ?AN A BEA/874 ,BUT ,I AM NOT CALL+ UPON M5 TO 
  DISPLAY SU* BRAV]Y2 ,I AM ACCEPT+ ?AT !Y MAY PREF] SOME SORT ( 
  WRET*$LY SECURE EXI/5CE TO ! DUBI\S EXPECTATION ( A LIVE ( FULL 
  CONT5TM5T4 ,! PO9T IS ?IS3 IF1 TO POSSESS FRE$OM1 ALL Y\ NE$ TO DO IS 
  DESIRE IT1 IF ALL ?AT IS REQUIR$ IS A SIMPLE ACT ( ! WILL1 A M]E WI%1 IS 
  !RE A S+LE NATION :I* WILL BEGRUDGE ?IS SIMPLE DESIRE1 :I* WILL 
  RETRIEVE A POSSESSION WOR? W9N+ AT ! CO/ ( ONE'S BLOOD8 ,ANY MAN ( 
  HONOR WILL FEEL ! LOSS ( SU* A POSSESSION SO KE5LY AS TO RECKON LIFE 
  ITSELF AS TIRESOME & DEA? AS SALUT>Y4 

,A LITTLE SP>K CAN />T A FLAME :I* WILL DEV\R ALL ! WOOD IT 
  F9DS1 GR[+ /RONG] ALL ! TIME4 ,BUT Y\ DO NOT NE$ WAT] OV] IT TO 
  EXT+UI% IT -- IF Y\ /OP SUPPLY+ WOOD IT WILL CONSUME ITSELF1 S9CE 
  IT HAS NO?+ ELSE TO CONSUME1 & WILL LANGUI% & DIE \T4 ,9 ! SAME WAY1 
  ! MORE ?AT TYRANTS PILLAGE1 ! MORE !Y EXACT & EXTORT1 ! MORE !Y 
  RU9 & DE/ROY1 ! MORE Y\ GIVE !M1 ! MORE Y\ SUBJECT Y\RSELF TO !M 
  -- SO MU* ! /RONG] !Y BECOME1 SO MU* ! READI] TO DE/ROY 
  EV]Y?+1 TO WIPE \T EV]Y?+4 ,BUT IF Y\ GIVE !M NO?+1 IF Y\ 
  )HOLD Y\R OB$I5CE1 !N -- )\T Y\ HAV+ TO /RUGGLE OR /RIKE A 
  BL[ -- !Y BECOME NAK$1 DEFEAT$1 M]E NON5TITIES1 NO?+ BUT ! DRY1 
  DEAD BRAN* ( A TREE :OSE ROOTS HAVE BE5 DEPRIV$ ( MOI/URE & 
  SU/5ANCE4 

,BOLD M5 HAVE NO FE> ( DANG] :5 IT COMES TO GETT+ :AT !Y WANT1 
  & 9TELLIG5T PEOPLE DO NOT BEGRUDGE EF=T4 ,PEOPLE :O >E C[>DLY & LAZY 
  >E NOT ABLE TO 5DURE H>D%IP & NOT ABLE TO GET :AT !Y WANT4 ,ALL !Y 
  CAN DO IS WI% !Y C\LD1 = !IR C[>DICE D5IES !M ! C\RAGE NE$$ 
  TO GO \T & GET IT4 ,!IR DESIRE REMA9S1 AS IS NATURAL4 ,& ! DESIRE1 ! 
  WILL1 IS COMMON TO ! WISE & ! FOOLI%1 ! C\RAGE\S & ! C[>DLY3 
  !Y ALL LONG = :AT W\LD MAKE !M HAPPY & CONT5T$ IF !Y GOT IT4 
  ,!RE IS JU/ ONE DESIRE :I* NATURE -- ,I KN[ NOT :Y -- HAS FAIL$ 
  TO 5D[ US )1 & ?AT IS ! DESIRE = LIB]TY4 ,& YET LIB]TY IS SU* A 
  GREAT & PLEASURABLE POSSESSION ?AT IF WE LOSE IT1 ALL EVILS COME UPON US ONE 
  AFT] ! O!R1 & EV5 ?OSE GOOD ?+S :I* WE /ILL HAVE LOSE ALL !IR 
  FLAVOR & TA/E1 AS !Y >E CORRUPT$ BY S]VITUDE4 ,LIB]TY IS ! ONE ?+ 
  :I* M5 HAVE NO DESIRE =1 & IT SEEMS AS ?\< ! ONLY REASON ?IS IS SO 
  IS ?AT IF !Y DESIR$ IT1 !Y W\LD HAVE IT4 ,IT IS AS ?\< !Y >E 
  REFUS+ ?IS WOND]FUL ACQUISITION SIMPLY ON ! GR\NDS ?AT IT CO/S SO 
  LITTLE EF=T4 

,PITIFUL1 ABJECT NATIONS1 Y\ HAVE TAK5 LEAVE ( Y\R S5SES6 ,Y\ CL+ 
  /UBBORNLY TO EVIL & >E BL9D TO :AT IS GOOD4 ,Y\ ALL[ ! BE/ P>T ( 
  Y\R 9COME TO BE TAK5 FROM Y\1 Y\ LET Y\R F>MS BE PILLAG$1 Y\R H\SES 
  DESPOIL$ & /RIPP$ ( Y\R ANCI5T ANCE/RAL POSSESSIONS6 ,Y\ CAN CLAIM 
  NO?+ AS Y\R [N1 & IT SEEMS Y\ W\LD BE GLAD TO BE ALL[$ TO R5T FROM 
  SOMEONE ELSE Y\R POSSESSIONS1 Y\R FAMILIES & Y\R V]Y LIVES4 ,& ALL ?IS 
  DEVA/ATION1 ?IS MIS=TUNE1 ?IS RU9 IS NOT VISIT$ UPON Y\ BY AN 5EMY 
  -- OR RA!R1 IT DOES COME FROM AN 5EMY1 & FROM ! MAN TO :OM Y\ GIVE 
  ! P[] HE HAS1 = :OM Y\ SO C\RAGE\SLY GO TO W>1 LAY+ D[N Y\R 
  LIVES )\T HESITATION TO MAKE HIM MORE P[]FUL4 ,Y\R OPPRESSOR HAS BUT TWO 
  EYES1 TWO H&S1 ONE BODY1 & HAS NO?+ ?AT ! LEA/ ( Y\R 9F9ITE 
  NUMB] ( CITIZ5S DOES NOT HAVE -- EXCEPT ! ADVANTAGE Y\ GIVE HIM1 
  :I* IS ! P[] TO DE/ROY Y\4 ,:]E DID HE GET ?OSE EYES :I* SPY ON 
  Y\1 IF Y\ DID NOT GIVE HIM !M8 ,W\LD HE HAVE ALL ?OSE H&S TO /RIKE Y\ 
  )1 IF HE DID NOT GET !M FROM Y\8 ,?OSE FEET :I* TRAMPLE UPON Y\R 
  CITIES1 :]E DID HE GET !M IF !Y >E NOT Y\R [N4 ,:AT P[] HAS HE OV] 
  Y\1 IF IT IS NOT ! P[] Y\ GIVE HIM4 ,H[ W\LD HE EV] D>E ATTACK Y\1 IF 
  Y\ W]E NOT HIS ACCOMPLICES8 ,:AT C\LD HE DO TO Y\1 IF Y\ W]E NOT 
  RECEIV]S ( ! GOODS ?IS ?IEF PLUND]S FROM Y\1 ! COMPANION ( ?IS 
  MURD]] :O IS KILL+ Y\1 TRAITORS TO Y\RSELVES8 ,Y\ S[ Y\R FRUIT SO ?AT 
  HE CAN DE/ROY ! H>VE/4 ,Y\ FURNI% Y\R H\SES1 SO ?AT HE CAN PILLAGE 
  !M4 ,Y\ BR+ UP Y\R DAU<T]S TO SATE HIS LU/4 ,Y\ BR+ UP Y\R *ILDR5 
  SO ?AT 7AT BE/7 HE WILL TAKE !M (F TO FI<T HIS W>S & BE BUT*]$1 OR 
  MAKE !M M9I/]S TO HIS GRE$ & 9/RUM5TS ( HIS V5GEANCE4 ,Y\ ACCU/OM 
  Y\RSELVES TO H>D%IP SO ?AT HE CAN 5JOY A LIFE ( LUXURY & WALL[ 9 F\L 
  & BASE PLEASURES4 ,Y\ MAKE Y\RSELVES WEAK SO ?AT HE CAN BE /RONG & 
  OPPRESS Y\ EV] MORE H>%LY4 ,! V]Y BEA/S W\LD NOT 5DURE !SE 
  HUMILIATIONS IF !Y W]E CAPABLE ( FEEL+ !M4 ,BUT Y\ CAN DELIV] 
  Y\RSELVES IF Y\ MAKE ! EF=T -- NOT AN EF=T TO DELIV] Y\RSELVES1 
  BUT AN EF=T TO WANT TO DO SO4 ,RESOLVE TO BE SLAVES NO MORE1 & Y\ >E FREE6 
  ,I AM NOT ASK+ Y\ TO PU% HIM \T ( Y\R WAY1 TO TOPPLE HIM3 JU/ /OP 
  PROPP+ HIM UP &1 LIKE A GREAT COLOSSUS :OSE PL9? HAS BE5 TAK5 FROM 
  UND] HIM1 HE WILL CRUMBLE & BE %ATT]$ UND] HIS [N WEI<T4 

,BUT DOCTORS TELL US WE \<T NOT TO M$DLE ) W\NDS ?AT >E 
  9CURABLE4 ,I AM WA/+ MY TIME PREA*+ ?IS LESSON1 = ! PEOPLE LONG AGO 
  LO/ CONSCI\SNESS1 LO/ ALL AW>5ESS ?AT !Y >E SICK4 ,?IS FACT 
  DEMON/RATES PLA9LY ?AT ! CONDITION IS FATAL4 ,LET US !RE=E ATTEMPT TO 
  EXPLA9 H[ ?IS /UBBORN DESIRE TO BE SLAVES HAS BECOME SO DEEPLY-ROOT$ ?AT 
  IT N[ SEEMS AS ?\< ! V]Y LOVE ( LIB]TY IS NO LONG] NATURAL4 

,9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 IT IS ,I ?9K BEYOND D\BT ?AT IF WE W]E TO LIVE 
  ACCORD+ TO ! RI<TS :I* NATURE GAVE US & ! PRECEPTS %E TEA*ES US1 
  WE W\LD BE NATURALLY OB$I5T TO \R P>5TS1 WE W\LD BE ! SUBJECTS ( 
  REASON & WE W\LD BE ! S]FS ( NOBODY4 ,CONC]N+ OB$I5CE TO P>5TS1 WE 
  CAN ALL TE/IFY ?AT NATURE 9/RUCTS US 9 ?AT4 ,CONC]N+ REASON1 & ! 
  QUE/ION ( :E!R WE >E BORN ) REASON OR ACQUIRE IT1 A QUE/ION DEBAT$ 
  9 DEP? BY ! ACADEMICS & T\*$ ON BY ALL S*OOLS ( PHILOSOPHY1 ,I DO NOT 
  ?9K ,I %ALL BE GO+ F> WRONG IF ,I SAY ?AT \R S\L POSSESSES BY NATURE A 
  SE$ ( REASON :I*1 :5 SU/A9$ BY GOOD C\NSEL & GOOD HABITS1 REA*ES 
  ! FULL P[] ( VIRTUE1 & :I* ON ! O!R H&1 9 ! PRES5CE ( 
  VISES1 IS (T5 UNABLE TO SURVIVE1 & IS /IFL$ & CRU%$4 ,BUT WE HAVE TO 
  ADMIT ?AT IF !RE IS ANY?+ CLE> & SELF-EVID5T 9 NATURE1 ANY?+ 
  :I* WE CANNOT PRET5D TO BE BL9D TO1 IT IS ?AT NATURE1 ! M9I/] ( ,GOD 
  & ! GOV]NOR ( M51 HAS MADE ALL ( US 9 ! SAME =M1 9 ! SAME MOLD 
  AS IT W]E1 SO ?AT WE %\LD RECOGNIZE EA* O!R AS FELL[-BE+S -- OR 
  RA!R1 AS BRO!RS4 ,9 %>+ \T H] GIFTS1 %E MAY HAVE GIV5 SOME PEOPLE 
  PHYSICAL OR 9TELLECTUAL ADVANTAGES OV] O!RS1 BUT IT WAS C]TA9LY NOT H] 
  9T5TION TO PLACE US 9 A K9D ( BATTLEGR\ND1 ) ! /RONG] OR MORE 
  9TELLIG5T T]RORIZ+ ! WEAK1 LIKE >M$ BRIG&S 9 A =E/4 ,RA!R MU/ 
  WE BELIEVE ?AT 9 GIV+ GREAT] %>ES TO SOME & LESS TO O!RS1 %E WANT$ 
  TO LEAVE SCOPE = ! EX]CISE ( BRO!RLY LOVE1 ) SOME PEOPLE BE+ 9 A 
  POSITION TO (F] ASSI/ANCE & O!RS NE$+ IT4 

,S9CE1 !N1 \R GOOD MO!R NATURE HAS GIV5 ALL ( US ! :OLE WORLD 
  AS \R DWELL+1 & HAS1 SO TO SPEAK1 LODG$ US ALL 9 ! SAME H\SE1 & HAS 
  DESIGN$ US ON ! SAME PATT]N SO ?AT EA* ( US C\LD SEE HIMSELF REFLECT$ 
  9 O!RS & RECOGNIZE HIMSELF 9 O!RS1 & HAS GIV5 US ALL ! GREAT GIFT 
  ( SPEE* SO ?AT WE C\LD COME TO A /ILL DEEP] ACQUA9TANCE & BRO!RHOOD1 
  & ACQUIRE A COMMON WILL BY %>+ \R ?\<TS ONE ) ANO!R1 & HAS 
  /RIV5 BY EV]Y POSSIBLE MEANS TO B9D US TOGE!R 9 ! TI<T EMBRACE ( 
  K9%IP & COMPANION%IP1 & HAS %[N 9 EV]Y?+ %E DOES ?AT H] 
  9T5TION WAS NOT WAS NOT SO MU* TO MAKE US UNIT$ AS TO MAKE US ONE -- WE 
  CANNOT D\BT ?AT WE >E BY NATURE FREE1 S9CE WE >E COMPANIONS ( EA* O!R4 
  ,& NOBODY CAN IMAG9E ?AT NATURE HAS PLAC$ ANYONE 9 A POSITION ( 
  S]VITUDE1 S9CE %E HAS MADE EA* ( US ! COMPANION ( ALL O!RS4 ,BUT IT IS 
  REALLY IDLE TO DEBATE :E!R LIB]TY IS ORDA9$ BY NATURE1 S9CE IT IS 
  IMPOSSIBLE TO KEEP ANYONE 9 A /ATE ( S]VITUDE )\T DO+ HIM WRONG1 & 
  NATURE1 BE+ 5TIRELY REASONABLE1 ABHORS NO?+ MORE ?AN A WRONG4 ,! ONLY 
  REMA9+ CONCLUSION IS ?AT LIB]TY IS ORDA9$ BY NATURE1 & BY ! SAME 
  TOK5 WE WILL CONCLUDE 79 MY VIEW7 ?AT WE >E BORN NOT SIMPLY 9 POSSESSION 
  ( \R FRE$OM1 BUT ) A DESIRE TO DEF5D IT4 

,N[ IF WE HAVE ANY D\BT AB\T ?AT1 & HAVE FALL5 SO F> B5EA? ! 
  HUMAN ?AT WE >E 9S5SITIVE TO ?OSE POSSESSIONS & DESIRES :I* NATURE 
  PLAC$ 9 MAN1 !N ,I %ALL HAVE TO TREAT Y\ ) ! RESPECT Y\ DES]VE &1 
  SO TO SPEAK1 PLACE ! V]Y BEA/S 9 ! PR(ESSIONAL *AIR SO AS TO TEA* Y\ 
  Y\R NATURE & CONDITION4 ,! BEA/S -- ,GOD HELP ME6 -- WILL CRY \T 
  TO M5 PROVID$ !Y DO NOT TURN AN 5TIRELY DEAF E>71 ',LONG LIVE 
  FRE$OM6' ,AS A FI% TAKES LEAVE ( LIFE ITSELF ! MOM5T IT LEAVES ! WAT]1 
  !RE >E MANY BEA/ :I* DIE AS SOON AS !Y >E CAPTUR$1 REFUS+ TO 
  SURVIVE ! LOSS ( !IR NATURAL FRE$OM4 ,IF !RE W]E ANY SOCIAL RANK+ 
  AMONG ANIMALS1 ?OSE W\LD BE ! >I/OCRATS4 ,O!R ANIMALS1 FROM ! GREATE/ 
  TO ! SMALLE/1 VIOL5TLY RESI/ CAPTURE ) CLAWS1 HORNS1 BEAKS1 FEET1 
  DECL>+ ATTA*M5T TO :AT !Y >E LOS+1 & :5 !Y >E CAPTUR$ !Y 
  GIVE MANY CLE> SIGNS ( !IR UNHAPP9ESS1 SO ?AT WE NOTE -- & ) 
  ADMIRATION = !M -- ?AT H5CE=? !Y >E LANGUI%+ RA!R ?AN 
  LIV+1 & PROLONG+ !IR LIFE 9 ORD] TO DEPLORE !IR LO/ COM=T RA!R 
  ?AN BECAUSE !Y >E CONT5T ) S]VITUDE4 ,:5 AN ELEPHANT HAS DEF5D$ 
  HIMSELF TO ! PO9T ( TOTAL EXHAU/ION & SEES ?AT CAPTURE IS 9EVITABLE1 
  HE BURIES HIS JAWS 9TO TREES & SMA%ES HIS TEE?3 :AT DOES ?AT MEAN8 ,IT 
  MEANS HIS LONG+ TO RETA9 HIS FRE$OM HAS %>P5$ HIS WITS1 MOV+ HIM TO 
  MAKE A DEAL ) ! HUNT]S SO ?AT !Y WILL LET HIM GO 9 EX*ANGE = HIS 
  TEE?1 ALL[+ HIM FRE$OM = HIS IVORY4 ,WE TRY TO ACCU/OM A HORSE FROM 
  BIR? TO BE SUBS]VI5T TO US BY (F]+ IT FOOD1 BUT DESPITE ALL \R 
  BL&I%M5TS IT WILL BITE ! BIT :5 WE />T TRY+ TO TAME IT1 & RESI/ 
  ! SPUR -- AS IF TO DEMON/RATE TO NATURE 9 ?AT ONE WAY AT LEA/ ?AT 
  ITS S]VITUDE IS NOT A WILL+ ONE1 BUT ONE :I* WE HAVE IMPOS$ UPON IT4 ,:AT 
  !N >E WE TO CONCLUDE8 

,OX51 EV51 AT ! YOKE WILL GROAN1 
 ,& BIRDS 9 CAGE CONF9$ WILL 
  ALWAYS MOAN 

-- AS ,I ONCE SAID 9 V]SE4 7,=1 ,LONGA1 ,I HAVE NO HESITATION 9 
  9S]T+ MY V]SES 9 A BOOK D$ICAT$ TO Y\3 :5EV] ,I READ !M TO Y\1 
  Y\ SEEM WELL CONT5T & MAKE ME FEEL QUITE CONCEIT$674 ,S9CE1 !N1 ALL 
  BE+S :I* >E 5D[$ ) FEEL+ AUTOMATICALLY FEEL ?AT SUBJECTION IS 
  EVIL1 & HANK] AFT] LIB]TY1 & S9CE BEA/S1 ALBEIT MADE = ! S]VICE 
  ( MAN1 CANNOT ACCU/OM !MSELVES TO S]VITUDE )\T PROTE/+ A CONTR>Y 
  DESIRE1 :AT MANN] ( DISA/] HAS SO DI/ORT$ ! NATURE ( MAN1 ! ONLY 
  BE+ TRULY BORN TO BE FREE1 & CAUS$ HIM TO LOSE ! MEMORY ( HIS ORIG9AL 
  /ATE & DESIRE TO REGA9 IT8 

,!RE >E ?REE TYPES ( TYRANT4 ,SOME >E K+ BY DEMOCRATIC ELECTION1 
  O!RS BY =CE ( >MS1 O!RS BY 9H]ITANCE4 ,?OSE :O HAVE BECOME K+ BY 
  RI<T ( W> CONDUCT !MSELVES 9 SU* A WAY ?AT PEOPLE >E LEFT 9 NO D\BT 
  ?AT !Y >E LIV+ 9 :AT >E CALL$ CONQU]$ L&S4 ,?OSE :O >E BORN 
  K+S >E COMMONLY LITTLE BETT]2 BE+ BORN & BR\<T UP 9 ! WOMB ( 
  TYRANNY1 !Y IMBIBE A TYRANT'S NATURE ) !IR MO!R'S MILK1 & TREAT 
  !IR UND]L+S AS !IR 9H]IT$ S]FS1 & TREAT ! K+DOM AS A P]SONAL 
  9H]ITANCE TO BE ADM9I/]$ ) P>SIMONY OR PRODIGALITY1 ACCORD+ TO 
  !IR [N TEMP]AM5T4 ,A MAN GIV5 P[] BY ! PEOPLE \<T1 IT SEEMS TO ME1 
  TO BE MORE BE>ABLE2 & ,I IMAG9E HE W\LD BE1 W]E IT NOT ?AT FROM ! 
  MOM5T HE SEES HIMSELF ELEVAT$ ABOVE ! O!RS1 HE FEELS FLATT]$ BY 
  SOME?+ PEOPLE CALL GREATNESS1 & RESOLVES NOT TO REL9QUI% P[]1 & 
  USUALLY >RANGES TO H& ON TO HIS *ILDR5 ?AT P[] :I* ! PEOPLE HAVE 
  GIV5 HIM4 ,& AS SOON AS !SE PEOPLE GET !SE IDEAS1 IT IS A CURI\S FACT 
  ?AT !Y SURPASS ! O!R TYRANTS 9 ALL SORTS ( VISES1 & ESPECIALLY 9 
  CRUELTY4 ,= !Y SEE NO O!R WAY ( CONSOLIDAT+ ! NEW TYRANNY ?AN BY 
  MAK+ S]VITUDE SO PREVAL5T & LIB]TY SO ALI5 TO PEOPLE ?AT !Y LOSE ALL 
  MEMORY ( IT1 H[EV] REC5T ?AT MEMORY4 ,SO1 TRU? TO TELL1 ,I CAN SEE SOME 
  DIFF]5CE BETWE5 !SE SORTS ( TYRANT1 BUT CAN SEE NO?+ AT ALL TO *OOSE 
  BETWE5 !M4 ,!Y COME TO P[] BY DIFF]5T ME?ODS1 BUT ! WAY !Y GOV]N 
  IS ALWAYS VIRTUALLY ID5TICAL4 ,ELECT$ MON>*S TREAT ! PEOPLE LIKE BULLS TO 
  BE TAM$1 CONQU]ORS TREAT ! PEOPLE AS !IR PREY1 9H]ITORS TREAT ! 
  PEOPLE AS !IR NATURAL SLAVES4 

,BUT N[1 SUPPOS+ A NEW RACE ( M5 W]E TO BE BORN TODAY1 NEI!R 
  ACCU/OM$ TO SUBJECTION NOR 5AMOR$ ( LIB]TY1 HAV+ NO KN[L$GE ( 
  EI!R1 & SC>CELY EV5 FAMILI> ) ! WORDS 'SUBJECTION' & 
  'LIB]TY'1 & SUPPOS+ !Y W]E (F]$ ! *OICE BETWE5 BE+ S]FS 
  & LIV+ 9 FRE$OM ACCORD+ TO LAWS !Y AGRE$ ON AMONG !MSELVES1 !RE 
  CAN BE NO D\BT !Y W\LD GREATLY PREF] TO OBEY REASON ALONE RA!R ?AN BE 
  ! SLAVES ( ONE MAN4 ,! EXCEPTION1 P]HAPS1 W\LD BE ! PEOPLE ( ,ISRAEL 
  :O1 BE+ UND] NO PRESSURE & HAV+ NO NE$ TO DO ?IS1 MADE !MSELVES A 
  MON>*4 ,:5EV] ,I READ ! HI/ORY ( ?IS NATION ,I AM GREATLY IRRITAT$ AT 
  ?IS DECISION ( !IRS1 ALMO/ TO ! PO9T ( TAK+ AN 9HUMAN DELI<T 9 
  ALL ! ILLS ?AT BEFELL !M BECAUSE ( IT4 ,BUT !RE IS NO D\BT ?AT SO LONG 
  AS M5 RETA9 SOME?+ ( ! HUMAN AB\T !M1 !Y WILL ONLY BE R$UC$ TO 
  SUBS]VI5CE EI!R BY CON/RA9T OR DECEPTION4 ,CON/RA9T MAY COME FROM 
  =EIGN MILIT>Y =CE1 AS 9 ! CASE ( ! SUBJECTION ( ,SP>TA OR ,A!NS TO 
  ! >MIES ( ,ALEX&]1 OR FROM FACTIONS1 AS WAS ! CASE ) ,A!NS BE=E 
  IT CAME 9TO ! H&S ( ,PISI/RATUS4 ,DECEPTION IS A FREQU5T CAUSE ( LOSS ( 
  LIB]TY1 & 9 ?IS PEOPLE >E MORE (T5 DECEIV$ BY !MSELVES ?AN BY O!R 
  PEOPLE4 ,?US1 :5 ! PEOPLE ( ,SYRACUSE 7! MA9 CITY ( ,SICILY1 :I* ,I 
  GA!R IS N[ CALL$ ,S>AGOSSA7 F\ND !MSELVES AT W>1 !Y DEALT ONLY ) 
  ! IMM$IATE DANG] & MADE ,DIONYSIUS ,I ! SOLE COMM&] ( ! >MY -- 
  A RECKLESS ?+ TO DO4 ,!Y DID NOT REALIZE H[ P[]FUL ! >MY WAS MAK+ 
  HIM2 & :5 HE RETURN$ VICTORI\S ) ?IS MI<TY =CE1 HE *ANG$ FROM 
  BE+ A G5]AL TO BE+ A K+1 & FROM A K+ TO A TYRANT1 AS ?\< IT W]E 
  NOT ! 5EMY HE HAD DEFEAT$1 BUT HIS FELL[-CITIZ5S4 

,IT IS 9CR$IBLE H[ ! PEOPLE1 ONCE SUBJUGAT$1 =GET !IR FRE$OM 
  SO RAPIDLY & SO COMPLETELY ?AT !Y >E QUITE UNABLE TO WAKE UP & W9 IT 
  BACK4 ,!Y >E SU* WILL+ SLAVES ?AT Y\ W\LD SAY !Y HAD GA9$ !IR 
  S]VITUDE RA!R ?AN LO/ !IR FRE$OM4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT 9ITIALLY IT TAKES 
  =CE TO R$UCE PEOPLE TO A /ATE ( S]VITUDE4 ,BUT !RE IS NO?+ RELUCTANT 
  AB\T ! S]VITUDE ( FUTURE G5]ATIONS3 !Y C>RY \T WILL+LY ! TASKS 
  ?AT !IR PR$ECESSORS HAD DONE ?R\< COMPULSION4 ,M5 BORN B5EA? ! YOKE 
  & $UCAT$ 9 SLAV]Y WILL LOOK NO FUR!R2 !Y >E CONT5T TO LIVE 9 ! 
  CONDITION 9 :I* !Y W]E BORN1 ) NO O!R POSSESSIONS OR 5TITLEM5TS1 
  & ASSUME ?AT ?IS CONDITION IS ! ONE :I* NATURE ORDA9S4 ,& YET Y\ 
  WILL F9D NO HEIRS SO RECKLESS & APA!TIC AS TO FAIL TO *ECK HIS FA!R'S 
  9V5TORIES SO AS TO BE SURE HE HAS DULY 9H]IT$ ALL ?AT HE IS 5TITL$ TO1 
  & ?AT NO-ONE HAS DEFRAUD$ HIM OR HIS PR$ECESSOR4 ,BUT CU/OM1 :I* HOLDS 
  GREAT SWAY OV] US 9 ALL RESPECTS1 IS SUPREMELY P[]FUL 9 TEA*+ US TO BE 
  SLAVES1 & TO SWALL[ ! V5OM ( S]VITUDE )\T NOTIC+ ANY BITT] 
  TA/E1 JU/ AS ,MIR?RIDATES IS SAID TO HAVE ACCU/OM$ HIMSELF TO DR9K+ 
  POISON4 ,ONE CANNOT D5Y ?AT ,NATURE HAS GREAT 9FLU5CE OV] US1 & 9CL9ES 
  US ! WAY %E WILLS1 :I* IS :Y PEOPLE >E CALL$ 'GOOD NATUR$' OR 
  'BAD NATUR$'4 ,BUT WE HAVE TO CONFESS ?AT %E HAS LESS P[] OV] US ?AN 
  CU/OM DOES1 = \R NATURAL /ATE1 H[EV] GOOD IT MAY BE1 IS LO/ IF IT IS 
  NOT DEVELOP$1 :]EAS \R UPBR++ ALWAYS MOLDS US 9TO ITS [N %APE1 
  :ATEV] \R NATURAL DISPOSITION4 ,! GOOD SE$S ?AT NATURE S[S 9 US >E SO 
  T9Y & SO 9SECURE ?AT !Y CANNOT )/& ! SLI<TE/ PRESSURE FROM A 
  CONTR>Y UPBR++4 ,& DEVELOP+ !M IS NOT EASY -- :]EAS IT IS EASY 
  = !M TO BECOME BA/>DIZ$ & MELT AWAY 9TO NO?+4 ,9 ! SAME WAY1 
  FRUIT TREES HAVE !IR [N NATURE1 & RETA9 IT IF LEFT ON !IR [N TO GR[1 
  BUT !Y LOSE IT & BE> ALI5 FRUIT :5 GRAFT$4 ,PLANTS ALL HAVE !IR [N 
  NATURAL PROP]TIES1 BUT !IR 9DIVIDUAL QUALITIES CAN BE GREATLY DEVELOP$ OR 
  DIM9I%$ BY FRO/1 BY ! PASS+ ( TIME1 BY ! SOIL !Y >E 9 OR BY ! 
  H& ( ! G>D5]1 SO ?AT A SPECIES Y\ MAY HAVE SE5 9 ONE PLACE CAN BE 
  H>D TO RECOGNIZE ELSE:]E4 

,ANYONE :O SAW ! ,V5ETIANS1 A T9Y NATION LIV+ 9 SU* LIB]TY ?AT 
  ! WOR/ ROGUE AMONG !M W\LD NOT WI% TO BE !IR K+1 BORN & BR$ ) 
  A S+LE AV[$ AMBITION TO EXCEL !IR FELL[S 9 METICUL\S & VIGILANT C>E 
  TO UPHOLD LIB]TY1 =M$ FROM ! CRADLE TO REJECT ALL O!R WORLDLY GOODS 
  RA!R ?AN LOSE ONE IOTA ( !IR FRE$OM -- ANYONE1 ,I SAY1 :O SAW ?OSE 
  PEOPLE & !N W5T TO ! REALM ( ! MAN WE CALL ! ,GREAT ,LORD1 & SAW 
  H[ PEOPLE !RE RECKON ?AT ! SOLE PURPOSE ( !IR EXI/5CE IS TO S]VE 
  ?IS MAN & TO SACRIFICE !IR LIVES TO KEEP HIM 9 P[]3 W\LD HE RECKON 
  ?AT !SE TWO NATIONS %>$ A COMMON NATURE1 OR W\LD HE NOT RA!R JUDGE 
  ?AT HE HAD LEFT A CITY & 5T]$ A %EEPFOLD8 ,LYCURGUS1 ! LEGISLATOR ( 
  ,SP>TA1 IS SAID TO HAVE KEPT TWO DOGS :I* W]E BRO!RS & RE>$ ON ! 
  SAME MILK3 BUT ONE WAS FATT5$ 9 ! KIT*51 ! O!R T\<5$ 9 ! 
  FIELDS TO ! S\ND ( ! HUNT+-HORN & ! BUGLE4 ,TO %[ ! ,SP>TANS 
  ?AT M5 >E :AT !IR UPBR++ MAKES !M1 HE PLAC$ ! TWO DOGS 9 ! 
  PUBLIC SQU>E & PUT BETWE5 !M A B[L ( BRO? & A H>E3 ONE DOG W5T = 
  ! B[L & ! O!R W5T = ! H>E4 ',& YET'1 HE SAID1 '!Y 
  >E BRO!RS'4 ,LYCURGUS1 !N1 BY HIS LAW MAK+ & GOV]NM5T1 $UCAT$ & 
  =M$ ! ,SP>TANS SO SUCCESSFULLY ?AT EA* ONE ( !M W\LD RA!R HAVE 
  DI$ A ?\S& DEA?S ?AN ACKN[L$GE ANY O!R MA/] ?AN REASON & 
  LAW4 

,IT IS DELI<TFUL TO RECALL ! CONV]SATION :I* ONCE TOOK PLACE 
  BETWE5 A C\RTI] ( ! GREAT ,P]SIAN K+ ,X]XES & TWO ,SP>TANS4 ,:5 
  ,X]XES WAS EQUIPP+ HIS GREAT >MY TO CONQU] ,GREECE1 HE S5T AMBASSADORS TO 
  ! ,GREEK CITIES TO DEM& E>? & WAT]3 ?AT WAS ! =MULA BY :I* ! 
  ,P]SIANS US$ TO CALL ON CITIES TO ALLY !MSELVES ) !M4 ,HE S5T NO 
  AMBASSADORS TO ,A!NS OR ,SP>TA BECAUSE :5 HIS FA!R ,D>IUS HAD S5T 
  AMBASSADORS TO !SE TWO CITIES1 !Y HAD ?R[N SOME ( !M 9TO PITS & ! 
  O!RS 9TO WELLS1 TELL+ !M ?AT ?OSE W]E ! PLACES :]E !Y C\LD GO 
  & F9D E>? & WAT] TO TAKE BACK TO !IR K+4 ,?OSE NATIONS C\LD NOT 
  BE> TO HE> ! SLI<TE/ WORD :I* MI<T 9JURE !IR LIB]TY4 ,BUT ! 
  ,SP>TANS KNEW ?AT 9 TREAT+ ! AMBASSADORS ?AT WAY1 !Y HAS 9CURR$ ! 
  HATR$ ( ! GODS1 & ESPECIALLY ( ,TAL?IBIUS1 ! GOD ( H]ALDS4 ,TO MAKE 
  !IR PEACE ) ! GODS1 !Y DECID$ TO S5D TWO ( !IR [N CITIZ5S TO 
  ,X]XES2 !Y W]E TO PRES5T !MSELVES TO HIM ) ! MESSAGE ?AT HE C\LD 
  TREAT !M AS HE SAW FIT1 & ?US SECURE COMP5SATION = HIS FA!R'S 
  AMBASSADORS :OM !Y HAD KILL$4 ,TWO ,SP>TANS1 ONE CALL$ ,SP]TUS & ! 
  O!R ,BULIS1 VOLUNTE]$ TO GO4 ,& SO !Y SET (F1 & ON ! WAY !Y 
  >RIV$ AT A PLACE BELONG+ TO A ,P]SIAN NAM$ ,HYD>NES1 :O WAS ! K+'S 
  LIEUT5ANT 9 ! ,ASIAN COA/AL CITIES4 ,HYD>NES GAVE !M A MO/ HONORABLE 
  RECEPTION1 & WELCOM$ !M ) GREAT SPL5DOR1 & AFT] CONV]S+ CASUALLY 
  ON V>I\S TOPICS HE ASK$ !M :Y !Y SO VEHEM5TLY TURN$ D[N ! K+'S 
  (F]S ( FRI5D%IP4 ',Y\ ,SP>TANS HAVE ONLY TO LOOK >\ND Y\'1 HE 
  SAID1 '& Y\ WILL REALIZE FROM ! WAY ! K+ HAS TREAT$ ME ?AT HE 
  HAS HIS WAY ( %[+ E/EEM = M]ITORI\S PEOPLE4 ,JU/ ?9K3 IF Y\ W]E 
  ALLIES ( HIS1 HE W\LD TREAT Y\ ?IS WAY AS WELL4 ,IF HE GOT TO KN[ Y\1 Y\ 
  W\LD EA* BE ! MA/] ( A CITY 9 ,GREECE'4 ',Y\ >E NOT 9 A POSITION 
  TO ADVISE US ON ?IS'1 SAID ! ,SP>TANS4 ',Y\ HAVE EXP]I5C$ ! GOOD 
  =TUNE :I* Y\ >E PROMIS+ US BUT Y\ HAVE NO KN[L$GE ( ! GOOD 
  =TUNE :I* WE AT PRES5T 5JOY4 ,Y\ HAVE KN[N ! K+'S FAVOR1 BUT Y\ 
  KN[ NO?+ ( ! SWEET TA/E ( FRE$OM4 ,& IF Y\ HAD TA/$ IT1 Y\ W\LD 
  BE ADVIS+ US TO DEF5D IT NOT JU/ ) SPE> & %IELD BUT ) TOO? & 
  NAIL'4 ,! ,SP>TAN ALONE WAS TALK+ S5SE1 BUT !RE IS NO D\BT ?AT IT WAS 
  EA* MAN'S UPBR++ ?AT DET]M9$ :AT HE SAID4 ,= IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE = 
  ! ,P]SIAN TO HANK] AFT] LIB]TY1 HAV+ NEV] EXP]I5C$ IT1 OR = ! 
  ,SP>TAN TO 5DURE SUBJUGATION :5 HE HAD TA/$ FRE$OM4 

,:5 ,CATO ( ,UTICA WAS /ILL A *ILD UND] 9/RUCTION1 HE (T5 US$ TO 
  VISIT ! H\SE ( ! DICTATOR ,SULLA1 P>TLY BECAUSE HIS FAMILY'S PRE/IGE 
  GAVE HIM FREE ACCESS & P>TLY BECAUSE ! TWO FAMILIES W]E RELAT$4 ,AS WAS 
  ! CU/OM ) *ILDR5 ( NOBLE H\SEHOLDS1 HE ALWAYS HAD HIS TUTOR ) HIM 
  :5 HE W5T TO ,SULLA'S H\SE4 ,HE OBS]V$ !RE ?AT 9 ,SULLA'S PRES5CE1 OR 
  ON ! ORD]S ( ,SULLA1 PEOPLE W]E IMPRISON$ & CONDEMN$ TO DEA?4 ,ONE MAN 
  WAS BANI%$1 ANO!R /RANGL$1 ONE MAN DEM&$ CONFISCATION ( A CITIZ5'S 
  POSSESSIONS1 ANO!R DEM&$ A CITIZ5'S HEAD4 ,9 %ORT1 ! CONDUCT ( 
  AFFAIRS 9DICAT$ ?AT ?IS WAS NOT ! RESID5CE ( A PUBLIC (FICIAL BUT ?AT 
  ( AN OPPRESSOR ( ! PEOPLE1 NOT A C\RT ( JU/ICE BUT A TYRANT'S WORK%OP4 
  ,& SO ?IS Y\NG LAD SAID TO HIS TUTOR1 ',:Y DON'T Y\ GIVE ME A DAGG]8 
  ,I CAN HIDE IT B5EA? MY CLOAK4 ,I (T5 GO 9TO ,SULLA'S B$ROOM BE=E HE GETS 
  UP1 & ,I AM /RONG 5\< TO FREE ! CITY ( HIM'4 ,?AT IS TRULY AN UTT]ANCE 
  WOR?Y ( ,CATO1 A FIR/ GLIMPSE ( HIS *>ACT]1 & ( A PIECE ) ! 
  MANN] ( HIS DEA?4 ,& YET IF ?IS EV5T W]E RELAT$ )\T M5TION ( ! 
  NAME & NATIONALITY ( ,CATO1 ! FACTS W\LD /ILL SPEAK = !MSELVES1 & 
  Y\ W\LD C]TA9LY JUDGE ?AT ! PROTAGONI/ WAS A ,ROMAN1 & BORN 9 ,ROME 9 
  ! DAYS :5 ! CITY WAS FREE4 

,:AT PO9T AM ,I MAK+ H]E8 ,I AM C]TA9LY NOT SAY+ ?AT ONE'S 
  NATIONALITY & BIR?PLACE DET]M9E ANY?+1 S9CE SUBJECTION IS BITT] & 
  LIB]TY IS SWEET :]EV] Y\ HAPP5 TO BE4 ,:AT ,I AM SAY+ IS ?AT ONE \<T 
  TO PITY ?OSE :O F9D !IR NECK 9 ! YOKE AT BIR?4 ,!Y \<T TO BE 
  EXCUS$ OR =GIV5 IF !Y HAVE NOT SE5 ! %AD[ ( LIB]TY & HAVE NO 
  9KL+ ?AT IT EXI/S1 & !RE=E DO NOT REALIZE :AT AN EVIL !Y >E 
  5DUR+ AS SLAVES4 ,SUPPOS+ !RE EXI/$ A L& LIKE ! ONE ,HOM] SAYS ! 
  ,CIMM]II LIVE 91 :]E ! SUN %9ES CONT9U\SLY = SIX MON?S & !N 
  LEAVES !M SLUMB]+ 9 D>KNESS DUR+ ! O!R HALF- YE>3 IF ?OSE ?AT 
  W]E BORN DUR+ ?IS LONG NI<T HAD NOT HE>D ( DAYLI<T1 W\LD IT BE 
  SURPRIS+ IF !Y BECAME ACCU/OM$ TO ! D>KNESS !Y W]E BORN 91 & HAD 
  NO DESIRE = DAYLI<T8 ,WE NEV] YE>N = :AT WE HAVE NEV] KN[N1 & REGRET 
  CAN ONLY COME AFT] WE HAVE EXP]I5C$ PLEASURE1 & A MEMORY ( PA/ JOYS 
  ALWAYS ACCOMPANIES A KN[L$GE ( EVIL4 ,! NATURE ( MAN IS C]TA9LY TO BE 
  FREE1 BUT HIS NATURE IS ALSO SU* ?AT HE ADOPTS ! LIFE/YLE ?AT HIS 
  UPBR++ GIVES HIM4 

,LET US SAY1 !N1 ?AT ALL ?OSE ?+S ?AT A MAN IS BR\<T UP TO DO 
  & :I* HE BECOMES ACCU/OM$ TO1 SEEM NATURAL TO HIM1 BUT ?AT :AT IS 
  PROP] TO HIM IS EXCLUSIVELY :AT HIS SIMPLE1 UNADULT]AT$ NATURE IMPELS HIM 
  TO DO4 ,?US1 ! FIR/ EXPLANATION = VOLUNT>Y S]VITUDE IS CU/OM4 ,! MO/ 
  SPIRIT$ ( HORSES WILL FIR/ BITE ! BIT -- & !N !Y PLAY ) IT2 
  & AT FIR/ !Y TRY TO ?R[ (F ! SADDLE -- BUT !N PR\DLY DISPORT 
  9 ! H>NESS & %[ (F !IR APP>EL4 ,M5 SAY ?AT !Y HAVE ALWAYS BE5 
  SUBJECTS ( A K+1 ?AT !IR ANCE/ORS LIV$ ?IS WAY4 ,!Y IMAG9E ?AT !Y 
  >E OBLIG$ TO 5DURE ?IS EVIL1 & !Y CONV9CE !MSELVES ( ?IS BY 
  PO9T+ TO EXAMPLES1 & !Y >GUE ?AT ?OSE :O TYRANNIZE !M >E 5TITL$ 
  TO BECAUSE !Y HAVE BE5 DO+ ?IS = SO LONG4 ,! TRU? IS ?AT ! PASSAGE 
  ( TIME DOES NOT LEGITIMIZE WRONGDO+1 IT ONLY AGGRAVATES ! 9JURY4 ,BUT 
  !RE >E ALWAYS SOME M5 :O >E MORE NOBLE ?AN O!RS1 :O FEEL ! WEI<T 
  ( ! YOKE & CANNOT PREV5T !MSELVES %AK+ IT (F1 :O WILL NEV] BE 
  TAME 5\< TO ACCEPT SUBJUGATION4 ,!SE M51 LIKE ,ULYSSES 7:O1 9 ALL HIS 
  TRAVELS1 LONG$ TO SEE AGA9 ! SMOKE FROM HIS [N HUMBLE DWELL+71 WILL 
  ALWAYS REMA9 AW>E ( ?OSE PRIVILEGES :I* ,NATURE GAVE !M1 & WILL RECALL 
  !IR ORIG9AL1 ANCE/RAL /ATE4 ,!SE PEOPLE1 5D[$ ) A CLE> M9D & A 
  VISION>Y SPIRIT1 DO NOT CONF9E !IR GAZE TO :AT LIES AT !IR FEET AS ! 
  COMMON RUN ( HUMANITY DOES71 BUT READILY LOOK BACKW>D & =W>D1 RECALL+ 
  PA/ EV5TS SO AS TO WEI< UP ! PRES5T & JUDGE ! PROP] C\RSE = ! 
  FUTURE4 ,!SE M5 W]E 5D[$ ) A GOOD M9D & HAVE REF9$ IT BY /UDY 
  & ]UDITION3 EV5 IF LIB]TY W]E WIP$ (F ! FACE ( ! E>?1 !SE M5 
  W\LD SEE IT 9 !IR M9D'S EYE1 & HAVE A FEEL = IT1 & SAVOR IT1 & 
  !Y W\LD HAVE NO TA/E = S]VITUDE NO MATT] H[ WELL IT WAS DRESS$ 
  UP4 

,! ,SULTAN ( ,TURKEY REALIZ$ ?AT BOOKS & LE>N+1 MORE ?AN 
  ANY?+ ELSE1 GIVE M5 ! UND]/&+ & ! WIT TO RECOGNIZE ?OSE ( 
  !IR FELL[S :O RESI/ TYRANNY4 ,I GA!R HE H>DLY HAS ANY LE>N$ M5 9 HIS 
  T]RITORIES1 & HAS NO DESIRE ?AT !RE %\LD BE ANY4 ,NORMALLY1 PEOPLE :O 
  HAVE KEPT !IR DEVOTION TO FRE$OM 9TACT DESPITE ! PASSAGE ( TIME >E 
  UNABLE TO MAKE EA* O!R'S ACQUA9TANCE1 & SO !IR ZEAL\S LONG+ = 
  FRE$OM REMA9S 9EFFECTUAL1 H[EV] NUM]\S !Y MAY BE4 ,UND] A TYRANT1 !Y 
  >E D5I$ FRE$OM TO ACT1 TO SPEAK1 ALMO/ EV5 TO ?9K1 SO ?AT ?OSE :O 
  HOLD !SE VIEWS >E KEPT AP>T FROM EA* O!R4 ,SO ,MOMUS1 ! GOD ( D]ISION1 
  WAS NOT F> (F ! M>K :5 HE F\ND FAULT ) ! MAN ?AT ,VULCAN HAD MADE1 
  ON ! GR\NDS ?AT HE HAD NOT PUT A LITTLE W9D[ 9 HIS HE>T SO ?AT HIS 
  ?\<TS W\LD BE VISIBLE4 ,IT HAS BE5 SAID ?AT :5 ,BRUTUS1 ,CASSIUS & ,CASCA 
  SET AB\T DELIV]+ ,ROME FROM TYRANNY -- OR RA!R1 DELIV]+ ! :OLE 
  WORLD - !Y DID NOT WANT ,CIC]O1 ?AT ZEAL\S DEF5D] ( ! COMMON GOOD IF 
  EV] !RE WAS ONE1 TO BE A P>TY TO !IR ACTION1 & !Y CONSID]$ HE 
  LACK$ ! C\RAGE = SU* A NOBLE DE$3 !Y W]E QUITE SURE :I* SIDE HE 
  WAS ON1 BUT NOT AT ALL SURE ?AT HE WAS BRAVE 5\<4 

,& YET1 ! ANCI5T ANNALS (F] ANYONE A CLE> HI/ORICAL LESSON3 ( 
  ?OSE PEOPLE :O HAVE SE5 !IR C\NTRY BADLY GOV]N$ & HAVE S\<T ?R\< 
  GOOD1 HONE/ MOTIVES TO DELIV] IT1 HAVE BE5 UNSUCCESSFUL4 ,LIB]TY HAS ALWAYS 
  GIV5 H]SELF A HELP+ H&4 ,H>MODIUS1 ,>I/OGITON1 ,?RASYBULUS1 ,BRUTUS ! 
  ,ELD]1 ,VAL]IUS & ,DION W]E ( C\RAGE\S M9D1 & H5CE SUCCESSFUL 9 !IR 
  5T]PRISES3 ,=TUNE ALMO/ NEV] FAILS ! VIRTU\S4 ,BRUTUS ! ,Y\NG] & 
  ,CASSIUS W]E V]Y SUCCESSFUL 9 REMOV+ S]VITUDE1 BUT RE/OR+ FRE$OM CO/ 
  !M !IR LIVES4 ,IT W\LD BE WRONG TO SAY ?AT !Y DI$ WRET*$LY 7IT W\LD 
  BE BLASPHEM\S TO SAY !RE WAS ANY?+ WRET*$ AB\T ?OSE PEOPLE1 9 DEA? 
  OR 9 LIFE671 BUT !IR DEA?S BR\<T AB\T UNTOLD H>M1 P]PETUAL MIS=TUNE 
  & ! 5TIRE RU9 ( ! /ATE1 :I*1 IT SEEMS1 WAS BURI$ ) !M4 ,O!R1 
  SUBSEQU5T 5T]PRISES AGA9/ ,ROMAN EMP]ORS W]E SIMPLY CONSPIRACIES ( 
  AMBITI\S M51 & WE \<T NOT TO PITY !M = ! PRICE !Y PAID1 S9CE IT 
  IS CLE> ?AT !Y SET \T NOT TO REMOVE K+%IP BUT TO MAKE A DIFF]5T MAN A 
  K+1 & !IR AIM WAS TO DRIVE \T ! TYRANT :IL/ RETA9+ TYRANNY4 ,EV5 
  ,I W\LD NOT HAVE WANT$ !SE PEOPLE TO BE SUCCESSFUL1 & ,I AM GLAD ?AT !Y 
  %[ BY !IR EXAMPLE ?AT ! HOLY NAME ( LIB]TY MU/ NOT BE ABUS$ = EVIL 
  5DS4 

,BUT TO GET BACK TO ! PO9T ?AT ,I HAD ALMO/ LO/ SI<T (1 ! FIR/ 
  REASON :Y PEOPLE *OOSE SLAV]Y IS ?AT !Y >E BORN & BR\<T UP AS S]FS4 
  ,?IS LEADS US TO ANO!R REASON1 :I* IS ?AT UND] ! RULE ( A TYRANT1 M5 
  EASILY BECOME C[>DLY & EFFEM9ATE4 ,I AM IMMEASURABLY GRATEFUL ( 
  ,HIPPOCRATES1 ?AT GREAT FA!R ( M$IC9E1 :O OBS]V$ ! PH5OM5ON & 
  DESCRIB$ IT 9 A BOOK ( HIS TITL$ ,ON ,SICKNESS4 ,?IS MAN C]TA9LY HAD HIS 
  HE>T 9 ! RI<T PLACE 9 EV]Y RESPECT1 A FACT :I* HE DEMON/RAT$ :5 
  ! K+ ( ,P]SIA TRI$ TO ATTRACT HIM ) GREAT PROMISES ( GIFTS4 ,HE 
  REPLI$ C&IDLY1 TO ! EFFECT HE W\LD FEEL V]Y GUILTY W]E HE TO TAKE ! 
  JOB ( CUR+ ?OSE B>B>IANS :O AIM TO KILL ,GREEKS1 & IF HE W]E TO USE 
  HIS >T 9 ! S]VICE ( A K+ :O S\<T TO R$UCE ,GREECE TO S]VITUDE4 ,! 
  LETT] HE S5T TO ! K+ HAS SURVIV$1 & CAN BE READ ALONG ) HIS O!R 
  WORKS3 IT WILL BE AN ET]NAL TE/IMONY TO HIS GREAT HE>T & NOBLE NATURE4 ,N[ 
  IT IS C]TA9 ?AT :5 LIB]TY IS LO/1 VALOR IS LO/ AT ! SAME TIME4 ,! 
  SUBJECTS ( A K+ HAVE NO HE>T = COMBAT OR DIFFICULTY3 !Y FACE DANG] 
  ) A S]VILE & LEAD5 S\L1 AS IT W]E1 \T ( OBLIGATION1 & FEEL NO?+ 
  ( ?AT >D5T LOVE ( FRE$OM :I* HAS PEOPLE DESPISE P]IL & LONG TO 
  ACQUIRE HONOR & GLORY AMONG !IR FELL[S BY A GOOD DEA?4 ,FREE M5 /RIVE 9 
  EMULATION ) EA* O!R TO WORK = ! COMMON GOOD -- & = !IR [N 
  GOOD3 !Y EXPECT AS 9DIVIDUALS TO HAVE !IR %>E 9 ! EVILS ?AT COME 
  ) DEFEAT OR ! B5EFITS ?AT VICTORY BR+S4 ,BUT PEOPLE :O >E SLAVES LOSE 
  NOT JU/ C\RAGE 9 W> BUT ALSO A VITALITY 9 ALL O!R ?+S1 & !Y HAVE 
  A L[LY1 EFFEM9ATE HE>T :I* IS 9CAPABLE ( GREAT ?+S4 ,TYRANTS KN[ ?AT 
  V]Y WELL1 & :5 !Y SEE !IR SUBJECTS GO+ 9 ?AT DIRECTION1 !Y 
  5C\RAGE ! PROCESS SO AS TO MAKE !M MORE LE?>GIC /ILL4 

,X5OPHON1 ONE ( ! MO/ AU?ORITATIVE ( ! ,GREEK HI/ORIANS1 WROTE A 
  BOOK 9 :I* HE HAS ,HI]O1 TYRANT ( ,SYRACUSE1 DISCUSS ! MIS]IES ( ! 
  TYRANT4 ,?IS BOOK IS FULL ( S\ND & WEI<TY W>N+S1 & !Y >E PRES5T$ 
  9 ! MO/ PLEAS+ /YLE IMAG9ABLE4 ,W\LD TO ,GOD ?AT ALL TYRANTS HAD 
  /UDI$ IT C>EFULLY & US$ IT AS A MIRROR6 ,!Y W\LD MO/ C]TA9LY 
  RECOGNIZE !IR SCABS1 & FELT SOME %AME = !IR W>TS4 ,9 ?IS TREATISE1 
  ,X5OPHON RELAT$ ! TR\BLES ( TYRANTS :O1 BECAUSE !Y DO EVIL TO ALL M51 
  >E OBLIG$ TO FE> ALL M54 ,AMONG O!R ?+S1 HE SAYS ?AT BAD K+S EMPLOY 
  M]C5>Y SOLDI]S TO FI<T !IR W>S1 S9CE !Y DO NOT D>E PUT WEAPONS 9 
  ! H&S ( !IR [N PEOPLE :OM !Y HAVE H>M$4 7,!RE HAVE ( C\RSE BE5 
  GOOD K+S1 ESPECIALLY ,FR5* ONES1 :O HAVE EMPLOY$ =EIGN]S1 P>TICUL>LY 
  9 ! PA/1 BUT = ANO!R REASON3 TO PROTECT !IR [N PEOPLE1 C\NT+ AS 
  NO?+ AN EXP5SE :I* SAVES LIVES4 ,IT WAS ! GREAT ,SCIPIO ,AFRICANUS1 ,I 
  ?9K1 :O SAID ?AT HE W\LD RA!R HAVE SAV$ ONE CITIZ5 ?AN KILL$ A 
  HUNDR$ ( ! 5EMY74 ,BUT IT IS C]TA9 ?AT ! TYRANT NEV] RECKONS HIS 
  P[] IS SECURE UNTIL HE HAS REA*$ ! /AGE :5 !RE IS NO MAN ( VALOR 
  B5EA? HIM4 ,H5CE1 ONE CAN RI<TLY PUT TO HIM ! REPROA* :I* ,T]5CE'S 
  ,?RASO CLAIMS TO HAVE PUT TO ! ELEPHANT TRA9]3 

,AT GOV]NM5T1 Y\ ?9K Y\'RE CLEV]3 
 ,Y\ GOV]N BEA/S -- BUT 
  HUMANS NEV]4 

,BUT ?IS RUSE :]EBY TYRANTS R$UCE !IR SUBJECTS TO ! /ATUS ( 
  BEA/S IS NO:]E BETT] ILLU/RAT$ !N 9 ! /ORY ( :AT ,CYRUS DID TO ! 
  ,LYDIANS AFT] HE HAD SEIZ$ !IR PR9CIPAL CITY & CAPTUR$ ITS IMM5SELY 
  WEAL?Y K+1 ,CROESUS1 & TAK5 HIM AWAY AS CAPTIVE4 ,NEWS WAS BR\<T TO ,CYRUS 
  ( A REVOLT BY ! PEOPLE ( ,S>DIS4 ,HE C\LD HAVE BR\<T !M TO HEEL V]Y 
  QUICKLY1 BUT HE DID NOT WI% EI!R TO HAVE SU* A BEAUTIFUL CITY SACK$ OR TO 
  HAVE TO KEEP AN >MY !RE TO GU>D IT1 & SO HE HIT UPON A MO/ EXP$I5T WAY 
  ( 5SUR+ CONTROL ( ! CITY3 HE SET UP BRO!LS !RE1 & TAV]NS1 & 
  PUBLIC FE/IVITIES1 & ISSU$ A DECREE TO ! EFFECT ?AT ALL 9HABITANTS W]E 
  TO PATRONIZE !M4 ,?IS G>RISON TURN$ \T TO BE SO EFFECTIVE ?AT HE WAS 
  NEV] AGA9 OBLIG$ TO DRAW HIS SWORD AGA9/ ! ,LYDIANS4 ,!SE POOR1 
  MIS]ABLE S\LS DEVOT$ !MSELVES TO 9V5T+ ALL SORTS ( GAMES1 ) ! 
  RESULT ?AT ! ,ROMANS TOOK FROM !M !IR WORD = GAMES1 & :AT WE CALL 
  PA/IMES !Y CALL 0LUDI'1 RECALL+ ',LYDIA'4 ,NOT ALL TYRANTS HAVE 
  EXPLICITLY DECL>$1 AS HE DID1 ?AT IT WAS !IR 9T5TION TO MAKE PEOPLE 
  EFFEM9ATE1 BUT !RE IS NO D\BT ?AT MO/ ( !M PURSU$ COV]TLY A POLICY 
  :I* ?IS MAN DECRE$ =MALLY & PUBLICLY4 

,! TRU? IS ?AT ORD9>Y FOLK1 :O ALWAYS =M ! MAJORITY ( !N 
  POPULATION 9 CITIES1 >E BY NATURE SUSPICI\S ( ! MAN :O LOVES !M & 
  CR$UL\S T[>DS ! MAN :O DECEIVES !M4 ,NO BIRD MORE READILY SUCCUMBS TO 
  DECEPTION1 NO FI% SNAT*ES ! BAIT MORE RAPIDLY1 ?AN 5TIRE NATIONS SUCCUMB 
  TO ! BL&I%M5TS ( S]VITUDE AS SOON AS ! MO/ TRANSP>5T TRICK IS 
  PLAY$ UPON !M4 ,IT IS 9CR$IBLE H[ RAPIDLY !Y LET !MSELVES BE TAK5 91 
  PROVID$ ONLY ?AT SOMEONE TICKLES !M4 ,!AT]S1 GAMES1 F>CES1 SPECTACLES1 
  GLADIATORS1 /RANGE BEA/S1 M$ALS1 TABLEAUX & O!R SU* DRUGS W]E ! BAIT 
  ?AT LUR$ ANCI5T NATIONS 9TO S]VITUDE1 !Y W]E ! PRICE AT :I* FRE$OM 
  WAS SOLD1 !Y W]E ! 9/RUM5TS ( TYRANNY3 !SE W]E ! ME?ODS1 ! 
  PROC$URES1 ! ALLUREM5TS :I* ANCI5T TYRANTS C\LD USE TO PUT !IR PEOPLE 
  TO SLEEP1 TO PLACE !M UND] ! YOKE4 ,?US1 !SE FOOLI% PEOPLE1 F9D+ 
  !SE PA/IMES 5JOYABLE1 TAK5 9 BY ! IDLE PLEASURES :I* MET !IR GAZE1 
  BECAME ACCU/OM$ TO SLAV]Y3 !Y W]E AS GULLIBLE AS LITTLE *ILDR5 :O >E 
  9DUC$ TO READ BY ! COLORFUL ILLU/RATIONS 9 BOOKS -- BUT !IR 
  GULLIBILITY IS CULPABLE4 

,! ,ROMAN TYRANTS HIT UPON ANO!R PLOY3 ! FREQU5T CELEBRATION ( 
  T5-DAY P]IODS ( PUBLIC REVELRY4 ,! COMMON RABBLE IS CRY+ \T TO BE 
  EXPLOIT$ ?IS WAY1 = !Y DELI<T 9 NO?+ MORE ?AN GLUTTONY4 ,! MO/ 
  9TELLIG5T & P]CEPTIVE AMONG !M W\LD NOT BE D5I$ HIS B[L ( S\P EV5 
  IF IT MEANT RECOV]+ ! FRE$OM ( ,PLATO'S ,REPUBLIC4 ,TYRANTS US$ TO H& 
  \T A QU>T] BU%EL ( :EAT1 A FLAGON ( W9E & A C\PLE ( BRONZE CO9S1 
  & /RAI<TWAY Y\ W\LD HE> ?OSE ABJECT CRIES1 ',LONG LIVE ! K+6'4 
  ,:AT !SE BLOCKHEADS FAIL TO UND]/& WAS ?AT !Y W]E SIMPLY GETT+ BACK 
  A P>T ( :AT BELONG$ TO !M1 & ?AT ! TYRANT W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 ABLE 
  TO GIVE ?AT BACK TO !M IF HE HAD NOT TAK5 IT FROM !M 9 ! FIR/ PLACE4 
  ,! SELF-SAME MAN :O PICKS UP ! BRONZE CO9 ONE DAY & GORGES HIMSELF 9 
  ! PUBLIC FE/IVAL & S+S ! PRAISES ( ,TIB]IUS & ,N]O & !IR 
  WOND]FUL G5]OSITY IS ! MAN :O1 ! FOLL[+ DAY1 IS OBLIG$ TO AB&ON 
  HIS POSSESSIONS TO ! AV>ICE ( !SE MAGNIFIC5T EMP]ORS1 TO AB&ON HIS 
  *ILDR5 TO !IR LU/ & HIS V]Y BLOOD TO !IR CRUELTY -- & HE IS AS 
  SIL5T AS A /ONE1 MOTIONLESS AS A TREE-/UMP4 

,! COMMON PEOPLE HAVE ALWAYS BE5 LIKE ?AT3 TOTALLY OP5 & DISSOLUTE 
  9 ACCEPT+ PLEASURES :I* !Y \<T NOT TO ACCEPT4 ,N[ADAYS1 :5 ,N]O IS 
  M5TION$1 EV]YBODY TREMBLES AT ! V]Y NAME ( ?AT VILE MON/]1 ?AT F\L 
  SC\RGE ( MANK9D4 ,& YET IT CAN TRU?FULLY BE SAID ( ?AT MAN -- ?AT 
  >SONI/1 ?AT BUT*]1 ?AT WILD BEA/ -- ?AT AFT] HIS DEA? 7A DEA? AS 
  SORDID AS HIS LIFE71 ! NOBLE PEOPLE ( ,ROME W]E SO DI/RESS$ :5 !Y 
  ?\<T ( ! GAMES & BANQUETS HE HAD GIV5 !M ?AT !Y ALMO/ W5T 9TO 
  M\RN+4 ,?AT FACT IS RECORD$ BY ,CORNELIUS ,TACITUS1 A GOOD1 S\ND AU?OR & 
  ONE ( ! MO/ RELIABLE4 ,& ?AT WILL NOT SURPRISE ANYONE1 :5 WE CONSID] 
  H[ ! ,ROMANS HAD RESPOND$ E>LI] TO ! DEA? ( ,JULIUS ,CES>1 :O 
  ABOLI%$ LIB]TY & ! RULE ( LAW1 & :O SEEMS TO ME TO HAVE BE5 AN 
  UTT]LY WOR?LESS MAN 7= HIS CLEM5CY1 EV51 :I* IS SO FREQU5TLY EXTOLL$1 
  WAS MORE H>MFUL ?AT ! CRUELTY ( ! MO/ SAVAGE TYRANT :O EV] LIV$1 AS 
  ?AT V5OM\S MILDNESS ( HIS WAS 9 REALITY ! SUG>-COAT+ :I* MADE 
  S]VITUDE ACCEPTABLE TO ! ,ROMANS74 ,AFT] HIS DEA?1 ! ,ROMANS1 :OSE LIPS 
  W]E /ILL TELL+ ( HIS BANQUETS & :OSE M9DS W]E /ILL FULL ( ! 
  MEMORY ( HIS PRODIGALITY1 PIL$ UP ! B5*ES 9 ! =UM = A FUN]AL PYRE 
  & RAIS$ A COLUMN = HIM BE>+ ! 9SCRIPTION1 ',TO ! FA!R ( ! 
  NATION'1 & !Y BE/[$ MORE HONOR UPON HIM1 ?\< HE WAS DEAD1 ?AN !Y 
  \<T RI<TFULLY TO HAVE CONF]R$ ON ANY MORTAL MAN -- EXCEPT POSSIBLY 
  ?OSE :O HAD KILL$ HIM4 

,ANO!R ?+ ! ,ROMAN EMP]ORS DID NOT OV]LOOK3 MANY ( !M ASSUM$ 
  ! TITLE ( ',TRIBUNE ( ! PEOPLE'4 ,!Y DID ?IS P>TLY BECAUSE ?IS 
  (FICE WAS HELD TO BE SACR$ & HOLY1 & P>TLY BECAUSE IT HAD BE5 
  E/ABLI%$ = ! DEF5SE & PROTECTION ( ! PEOPLE4 ,& 9 ?IS WAY !Y 
  EXPLOIT$ ! CON/ITUTION TO 5SURE ?AT ! PEOPLE W\LD MORE READILY TRU/ 
  !M4 ,!Y EXPECT$ ! PEOPLE TO PAY MORE ATT5TION TO ! TITLE ?AN TO !IR 
  ACTIONS1 :I* BELI$ IT4 ,!RE >E PEOPLE N[ADAYS :O >E LITTLE BETT]3 !Y 
  ACCOMPANY !IR ANTI-SOCIAL MEASURES1 ESPECIALLY ! MAJOR ONES1 ) SOME F9E 
  PREAMBLE AB\T ! COMMON GOOD & BETT]M5T ( ! PEOPLE4 ,= Y\ >E V]Y 
  FAMILI>1 ,LONGA1 ) ! =MULA !Y USE -- A =MULA :I* C\LD BE 
  DEPLOY$ ) SOME SUBTLETY1 ?\< USUALLY !IR %AMELESSNESS EXCLUDES 
  SUBTLETY4 

,! K+S ( ,ASSYRIA &1 LAT]1 ! K+S ( ,M$EA1 DELAY$ APPE>+ 
  9 PUBLIC = AS LONG AS !Y C\LD SO ?AT ! PEOPLE W\LD BEG9 TO WOND] 
  :E!R !Y W]E 9 SOME RESPECT MORE ?AN M]E MORTALS1 & !Y ALL[$ !M 
  TO H>BOR ?IS ILLUSION 7= PEOPLE READILY ALL[ FULL REIGN TO ! IMAG9ATION 
  :5 !Y HAVE NO EVID5CE ( !IR [N TO GO ON74 ,& SO ALL ?OSE NATIONS 
  :I* = SO LONG =M$ P>T ( ! ,ASSYRIAN EMPIRE ACQUIR$ ! HABIT ( 
  SLAV]Y ALONG ) ?IS MY/]Y2 & ! FACT ?AT !Y DID NOT KN[ :O !IR 
  MA/] WAS1 & H>DLY KNEW :E!R !Y HAD ONE AT ALL1 MADE !M ALL ! MORE 
  WILL+ TO BE SLAVES4 ,ON ! /R5G? ( HE>SAY1 !Y ALL FE>$ A MAN :OM 
  NOBODY HAD SE54 ,! FIR/ K+S ( ,EGYPT1 :5 !Y APPE>$ 9 PUBLIC1 ALMO/ 
  9V>IABLY C>RI$ A CAT OR A BRAN*1 OR HAD FLAMES OV] !IR HEADS3 ! PO9T 
  ( ?IS F>CICAL DISGUISE WAS ?AT IT WAS /RANGE1 & W\LD !RE=E 9DUCE A 
  REV]5CE & ADMIRATION 9 !IR SUBJECTS2 HAD ! PEOPLE NOT BE5 SO /UPID 
  & SO 5SLAV$1 ?IS W\LD SIMPLY HAVE MADE !M LAU<4 ,IT IS PITIFUL TO HE> 
  ( ! V>IETY ( LITTLE TRICKS ! ANCI5T TYRANTS EXPLOIT$ TO E/ABLI% 
  !IR TYRANNIES2 FROM TIME IMMEMORIAL1 !Y F\ND ! PEOPLE MADE ! WAY !Y 
  WANT$ !M1 READY TO FALL 9TO ! MO/ CLUMSILY-MADE TRAP1 ALWAYS SO GULLIBLE 
  ?AT !Y W]E BE/ 5SLAV$ :5 !Y W]E MO/ PR(\NDLY MOCK$4 

,& :AT AB\T ?AT O!R LITTLE DECEPTION :I* ANCI5T NATIONS 
  ACCEPT$ AS LEGAL T5D]8 ,!Y FIRMLY BELIEV$ ?AT ! BIG TOE ( ,PYRRHUS1 
  K+ ( ! ,EPIROTES1 WR\<T MIRACLES & CUR$ PEOPLE ( SICKNESS ( ! 
  SPLE54 ,& !Y EMBELLI%$ ! /ORY1 SAY+ ?AT ?IS TOE SURVIV$ AMONG ! 
  A%ES :5 ! RE/ ( ! BODY WAS CREMAT$4 ,?IS IS H[ IT ALWAYS HAPP5S3 
  ! FOOLI% PEOPLE MAKE UP FALSE /ORIES1 SO ?AT !Y CAN BELIEVE !M4 ,MANY 
  AU?ORS HAVE RELAT$ ?AT /ORY AB\T ,PYRRHUS1 BUT 9 A WAY ?AT MAKES IT CLE> 
  !Y GOT IT FROM RUMOR & ! IDLE GOSSIP ( ! POPULACE4 ,VESPASIAN1 :5 HE 
  WAS RETURN+ FROM ,AYSSRIA & PASS+ ?R\< ,ALEX&RIA ON ! WAY TO ,ROME TO 
  SEIZE ! EMPIRE1 WORK$ MIRACLES3 HE CUR$ CRIPPLES1 MADE BL9D PEOPLE SEE1 
  & C>RI$ \T ALL SORTS ( O!R GREAT DE$S4 ,ANYONE UNABLE TO SEE :AT WAS 
  BOGUS AB\T ALL ?AT WAS 9 MY VIEW BL9D] ?AN ! PEOPLE HE CUR$4 

,EV5 TYRANTS F\ND IT REALLY /RANGE ?AT M5 C\LD TOL]ATE ONE :O DID 
  !M H>M4 ,!Y W]E V]Y KE5 TO USE RELIGION TO PROTECT !M &1 IF 
  POSSIBLE1 TO APPROPRIATE SOME DIV+ ATTRIBUTE TO SU/A9 !IR WICK$ WAY ( 
  LIFE4 ,?US1 IF WE >E TO BELIEVE ! SYBIL :OM ,VIRGIL 9TRODUCES 9 HIS 
  DESCRIPTION ( HELL1 ,SALMONEUS IS N[ PAY+ ! PRICE = HAV+ DECEIV$ 
  PEOPLE BY MAK+ \T ?AT HE WAS ,JUPIT]4 ,! SYBIL SAW HIM 9 ! RECESSES ( 
  HELL1 

,SUFF]+ GRIEV\S WOE1 = CLAIM+ HE HAD USE 
 ,( ?UND] & ( 
  LI<TN+1 SOLE PROP]TY ( ,ZEUS4 
 ,DRAWN BY F\R F9E HORSES1 ) BRAVE1 
  TRIUMPHANT H& 
 ,HE BR&I%$ 9 ! HEAV5S A BRI<TLY FLAM+ BR&4 

  ,9 ! M>KET PLACE AT ,ELIS HE /RUTT$ ?R\< ! CR[D1 
 ,%[+ (F 
  BE=E ! ,GREEKS1 VA91 >ROGANT & PR\D1 
 ,& 9 HIS POMP\S PROGRESS HE 
  RA%LY LAID A CLAIM 
 ,TO ! HONOR & ! GLORY DUE SOLELY TO ,GOD'S 
  NAME3 
 ,MAD FOOL1 :O DID IMAG9E ?AT HIS M]E BRONZE C\LD FAKE 
 ,! 
  ?UND] & ! LI<TN+ ?AT NO M]E MAN CAN MAKE6 
 ,! V5GEANCE ( ! 
  DEITY WAS SURE1 & IT CAME FA/3 
 ,! ?UND]BOLT ?AT /RUCK HIM WAS NO 
  PUNY1 MORTAL BLA/4 

,IF ?IS MAN :O WAS SIMPLY ACT+ ! FOOL IS GETT+ ! TREATM5T HE 
  DES]VES 9 HELL1 ,I ?9K !RE IS EV5 BETT] REASON :Y ?OSE :O ABUSE 
  RELIGION TO EVIL 5DS %\LD F9I% UP !RE44444 

,\R FR5* WRIT]S PROPAGAT$ SOME?+ SIMIL> TO ?AT -- ! /ORY 
  AB\T ! TOADS1 ! FLU]-DE-LYS1 ! VIAL & ! ORIFLAMME4 ,:ATEV] ! 
  TRU? IS AB\T ?AT1 ,I AM RELUCTANT TO CA/ D\BT ON IT1 S9CE NEI!R WE NOR 
  \R ANCE/ORS HAVE SO F> HAD ANY REASON TO DISBELIEVE !SE /ORIES1 S9CE \R 
  K+S HAVE ALWAYS BE5 VIRTU\S 9 PEACETIME & VALIANT 9 W>3 EV5 ?\< 
  !Y W]E BORN TO K+%IP1 IT SEEMS AS ?\< NATURE HAS MADE !M DIFF]5T 
  FROM O!R K+S4 ,!Y SEEM TO HAVE BE5 *OS5 BY ALMI<TY ,GOD1 BE=E BIR?1 
  TO GOV]N & PRES]VE ?IS K+DOM4 ,& EV5 IF ?AT W]E NOT ! CASE1 ,I 
  /ILL W\LD NOT WI% TO 5T] ! LI/S & DEBATE ! TRU? ( \R HI/ORY1 
  & SCRUT9IZE IT SO CLOSELY -- ?AT IS A SUBJECT = \R ,FR5* POETS TO 
  J\/ OV]4 ,9DE$1 \R ,RONS>D1 ,BAIF1 & ,DU ,BELLAY HAVE NOT JU/ 5RI*$ 
  ,FR5* POETRY1 !Y HAVE 5TIRELY R5EW$ IT1 & !Y >E CONF]R+ SU* 
  /ATUS ON \R LANGUAGE ?AT ,I D>E TO HOPE ?AT BE=E V]Y LONG ! ONLY CLAIM 
  TO PREEM95CE ! ,GREEKS & ,ROMANS WILL HAVE OV] US :]E POETRY IS 
  CONC]N$ IS ?AT !Y CAME BE=E US4 ,& 9DE$ IT W\LD BE V]Y WRONG ( ME 
  TO D5Y TO ,FR5* V]SE 7= ,I HAVE NO OBJECTION TO US+ ?IS WORD 
  'V]SE'3 MANY PEOPLE HAVE MADE V]SE M]ELY ME*ANICAL1 BUT !RE >E 
  O!RS :O >E ABLE TO RE/ORE ITS OLD LU/] & NOBILITY71 IT W\LD BE V]Y 
  WRONG ( ME1 ,I SAY1 TO SEEK TO DEPRIVE IT ( ?OSE F9E /ORIES AB\T K+ 
  ,CLOVIS4 ,9 FACT1 WE CAN READILY SEE ?AT ,RONS>D IS GO+ TO MAKE ?IS SUBJECT 
  HIS [N1 & ?AT HIS ,FRANCIADE WILL BE A DELI<TFUL POEM4 ,I KN[ HIS TAL5TS1 
  HIS %>P M9D1 ! GRACI\S WAY HE EXPRESSES HIMSELF4 ,HE WILL MAKE USE ( 
  ,CLOVIS'S ORIFLAMME 9 ! SAME WAY AS ! ,ROMANS DID ( !IR %IELDS1 

,! %IELDS FROM HEAV5 E>?W>DS HURL$ 

AS ,VIRGIL SAYS4 ,HE WILL MAKE ! SAME USE ( ! VIAL AS ! ,A!NIANS 
  DID ( ! BASKET ( ,]I*?ONIUS1 & WILL MAKE \R 9SIGNIA AS R5[N$ AS 
  \R OLIVE1 :I* !Y SAY IS /ILL F\ND TODAY 9 ! T[] ( ,M9]VA4 
  ,CLE>LY1 ,I W\LD BE GO+ TOO F> IF ,I SET \T TO REFUTE \R ,FR5* HI/ORIES 
  & 5CROA* UPON ! T]RITORY ( POETS 9 ?IS WAY4 ,BUT TO GET BACK TO ! 
  PO9T FROM :I* ,I SOMEH[ DIGRESS$1 TYRANTS HAVE ALWAYS S\<T TO BUTTRESS 
  !IR POSITION BY ACCU/OM+ ! PEOPLE NOT JU/ TO OB$I5CE & S]VITUDE1 
  BUT ALSO TO RELIGI\S DEVOTION TO !M4 

,CLE>LY1 :AT ,I HAVE SAID SO F> AB\T WAYS 9 :I* TYRANTS MAKE PEOPLE 
  MORE WILL+ TO ACCEPT S]VITUDE APPLIES ALMO/ EXCLUSIVELY TO ! UN?9K+ 
  MASSES4 ,BUT N[ ,I COME TO A PO9T :I* IS 9 MY VIEW ! SECRET S\RCE ( ! 
  P[] ( TYRANTS1 ! V]Y BASIS & F\NDATION ( ?AT P[]4 ,ANYONE :O 
  IMAG9ES ?AT TYRANTS >E PROTECT$ BY HALB]DS1 BY GU>DS1 BY S5TRIES1 IS 9 
  MY VIEW PR(\NDLY MI/AK54 ,TYRANTS MAKE USE ( SU* MEANS1 IT SEEMS TO ME1 
  MORE AS A =MALITY1 & TO FRI<T5 PEOPLE1 ?AN BECAUSE !Y ?9K !Y >E 
  EFFECTIVE4 ,! K+'S >*]S CAN PREV5T BADLY DRESS$-PEOPLE FROM GETT+ 
  9TO ! PALACE -- BUT !SE PEOPLE >E NOT ! SORT :O >E GO+ TO BE 
  ABLE TO DO ANY H>M4 ,!Y CANNOT KEEP \T WELL->M$ M54 -- :O >E JU/ 
  ! PEOPLE TO C>RY \T SOME DANG]\S 5T]PRISE4 ,9DE$1 A QUICK C\NT %[S 
  !RE >E F> FEW] ,ROMAN EMP]ORS :O ESCAP$ DANG] FROM ! HELP ( !IR 
  GU>DS ?AN !RE >E :OM W]E KILL$ BY ! GU>DS !MSELVES4 ,A TYRANT IS 
  NOT PROTECT$ BY CALV>Y OR 9FANTRY1 OR BY WEAPONS4 ,IT MAY BE H>D TO BELIEVE 
  AT FIR/1 BUT !RE IS NO D\BT ?AT ?IS IS TRUE4 ,!RE >E ALWAYS F\R OR 
  FIVE M5 :O KEEP ! TYRANT 9 P[]1 :O KEEP ! C\NTRY 5SLAV$ = HIM4 
  ,!RE HAVE ALWAYS BE5 FIVE OR SIX M5 :O HAVE HAD ! E> ( ! TYRANT1 
  EI!R BECAUSE !Y +RATIAT$ !MSELVES ) HIM OR BECAUSE !Y W]E 
  SUMMON$ BY HIM TO BE ! ACCOMPLICES ( HIS CRUELTY1 ! COMPANIONS ( HIS 
  PLEASURES1 ! P&]S TO HIS VISES1 ! P>TN]S 9 HIS !FTS4 ,!SE SIX M5 
  TRA9 !IR *IEF SO WELL ?AT HE TAKES ON !IR WICK$NESS 9 ADDITION TO HIS 
  [N1 SIMPLY ?R\< BE+ !IR COMPANION4 ,!SE SIX M5 HAVE B5EA? !M SIX 
  HUNDR$ O!RS1 & ! SIX HUNDR$ HAVE ! SAME EFFECT ON ! SIX AS ! SIX 
  DO ON ! TYRANT4 ,! SIX HUNDR$ HAVE B5EA? !M SIX ?\S& :OM ON :OM 
  !Y HAVE CONF]R$ PUBLIC (FICES1 SU* A GOV]N+ A PROV9CE OR H&L+ 
  PUBLIC MONEY3 !SE M5 WILL PROVIDE = !IR AV>ICE & CRUELTY1 & WILL DO 
  :AT IS REQUIR$ :5 IT IS REQUIR$4 ,!Y C>RY \T SO MANY O!R EVIL DE$S 
  ?AT !Y >E ONLY ABLE TO /AY 9 (FICE & EXEMPT !MSELVES FROM ! LAWS 
  & GET \T ( TR\BLE ?ANKS TO ! PROTECTION ( ?OSE ABOVE !M4 ,AFT] 
  ?AT1 Y\ HAVE A GREAT CR[D ( O!R PEOPLE1 & ANYONE :O UNRAVELS ?IS 
  ?READ WILL SEE ?AT IT IS NOT JU/ SIX ?\S& :O >E CONNECT$ TO ! 
  TYRANT1 BUT HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S1 MILLIONS4 ,& ! TYRANT MAKES USE ( ?IS 
  CORD4 ,IT IS LIKE ! *A9 :I*1 ACCORD+ TO ,HOM]1 ,JUPIT] HAS1 & :I* HE 
  BOA/S W\LD DRAW ALL ! O!R GODS TO HIM IF HE PULL$ IT4 ,?IS IS ! 
  EXPLANATION ( ,JULIUS'S EXPANSION ( ! ,S5ATE1 = ! E/ABLI%M5T ( 
  PUBLIC (FICES1 ! CREATION ( NEW /ATE PO/S -- NOT1 Y\ UND]/&1 TO 
  RE=M ! ADM9I/RATION ( JU/ICE1 BUT TO PROVIDE NEW PILL>S ( 
  TYRANNY4 

,! RESULT ( !SE FAVORS & ADVANTAGES PASS$ ON IS ?AT Y\ HAVE 
  ALMO/ AS MANY PEOPLE :O SEEM TO BE PR(IT+ FROM TYRANNY AS Y\ DO :O W\LD 
  APPRECIATE LIB]TY4 ,DOCTORS SAY ?AT :5 AN ADDITIONAL DISEASE AFFLICTS A BODY 
  :I* IS ALREADY SICK1 ! NEW DISEASE IMM$IATELY JO9S =CES ) ! 
  EXI/+ ILL3 9 ! SAME WAY1 AS SOON AS A K+ HAS %[N HIMSELF TO BE A 
  TYRANT1 ALL ! EVIL M51 ALL ! DREGS ( SOCIETY1 ALL ! ?IEVES & 
  VILLA9S :O >E AFFLICT$ ) BURN+ AMBITION & WICK$ AV>ICE1 ASSEMBLE 
  >\ND HIM & SUPPORT HIM1 SO AS TO HAVE !IR %>E 9 ! BOOTY & BECOME 
  LITTLE TYRANTS B5EA? ! PR9CIPLE ONE4 ,!SE >E PEOPLE :O1 9 A REPUBLIC1 
  W\LD HAVE V]Y LITTLE 9FLU5CE = GOOD OR ILL4 ,GREAT ?IEVES & PIRATES DO 
  JU/ ! SAME3 SOME SPY \T ! L&1 O!RS ROB TRAVEL]S1 SOME LAY AMBU%ES1 
  O!RS >E LOOK\TS1 O!RS MURD] & DESPOIL PEOPLE1 & AL?\< Y\ DO HAVE 
  A HI]>*Y AMONG !M1 & SOME >E JU/ S]VANTS & ! O!R BOSSES1 !Y 
  ALL GA9 SOME B5EFIT1 IF NOT FROM ! ROBB]Y ITSELF BUT FROM ! PLOTT+ ( 
  IT4 ,IT HAS 9DE$ BE5 PO9T$ \T ?AT ! PROBLEM AB\T ! ,CILICIAN PIRATES 
  WAS JU/ NOT ?AT !Y W]E SO NUM]\S ?AT ,POMPEY ! ,GREAT HAD TO BE S5T 
  \T AGA9/ !M1 BUT ?AT !Y MADE ALLIES ( SEV]AL F9E T[NS & GREAT 
  CITIES :OSE H>BORS PROVID$ !M ) %ELT] :5 !Y W]E RETURN+ FROM 
  !IR PIRACY1 & :I*1 9 EX*ANGE1 GA9$ FROM RECEIV+ ! /OL5 
  GOODS4 

,9 ?IS WAY ! TYRANT HAS HIS SUBJECTS IMPOSE S]VITUDE UPON EA* 
  O!R1 & IS PROTECT$ BY ?OSE V]Y PEOPLE :OM HE \<T TO GU>D AGA9/1 
  W]E !Y NOT UTT]LY WOR?LESS4 ,AS ! SAY+ GOES1 Y\ SPLIT WOOD ) A 
  W$GE ( WOOD4 ,!SE M51 CONDEMN$ & AB&ON$ BY ,GOD & MAN1 >E ! 
  BODYGU>DS1 ! >*]S1 ! S5TRIES :I* ! TYRANT USES4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT 
  !Y TOO SUFF] AT HIS H&S1 BUT !Y >E CONT5T TO 5DURE ILL-TREATM5T 
  !MSELVES -- NOT UPON ! MAN :O 9FLICTS IT UPON !M1 BUT ON PEOPLE :O 
  >E 5DUR+ IT LIKE !MSELVES & :O CAN DO NO?+ AT ALL AB\T IT4 ,ALL ! 
  SAME1 :5 ,I SEE ?OSE PEOPLE DEBAS+ !MSELVES = ! TYRANT SO ?AT !Y 
  CAN D]IVE SOME B5EFIT FROM HIS TYRANNY & FROM ! SLAV]Y HE IMPOSES UPON 
  ! POPULATION1 MY REACTION IS USUALLY AMAZEM5T AT !IR WICK$NESS & (T5 
  PITY AT !IR /UPIDITY4 ,= IF ! TRU? BE TOLD1 TO APPROA* ! TYRANT IS 
  SURELY TO RETREAT FROM ONE'S LIB]TY &1 SO TO SPEAK1 TO GRASP S]VITUDE ) 
  BO? H&S & EMBRACE IT8 ,IF !Y W]E TO SET ASIDE !IR AMBITION A LITTLE1 
  & TO %$ SOME ( !IR AV>ICE1 & TO REFLECT UPON !MSELVES & KN[ 
  !MSELVES AS !Y >E1 !Y W\LD REALIZE ?AT ! PEASANTS1 ?OSE RU/IC FOLK 
  :OM !Y DO !IR V]Y BE/ TO TRAMPLE UND]FOOT1 & :OM !Y TREAT WORSE 
  ?AN CONVICTS OR SLAVES1 >E =TUNATE 9 COMP>ISON ) !M1 & HAVE A K9D 
  ( FRE$OM1 EV5 ?\< !Y >E BADLY TREAT$4 

,! F>M LABOR] & ! >TISAN >E 9 A /ATE ( S]VITUDE1 & HAVE 
  TO DO :AT !Y >E TOLD1 BUT ?AT IS :]E IT 5DS4 ,BUT ! C\RTI]S ( A 
  TYRANT +RATIATE !MSELVES ) HIM & BEG FAVORS ( HIM1 & ! TYRANT1 
  SEE+ ?IS1 REQUIRES !M NOT JU/ TO DO :AT HE SAYS BUT TO ?9K ! WAY HE 
  WANTS !M TO &1 (T51 TO ANTICIPATE HIS DESIRES4 ,IT IS NOT 5\< ?AT 
  !SE PEOPLE OBEY HIM1 !Y MU/ ALSO PLEASE HIM 9 EV]Y WAY1 !Y MU/ 5DURE 
  H>D%IP1 TORM5T !MSELVES & DRIVE !MSELVES TO ! GRAVE 9 C>RY+ \T 
  HIS BUS9ESS2 HIS PLEASURE MU/ BE !IR PLEASURE1 HIS TA/E MU/ BE !IRS1 
  !Y MU/ DI/ORT & CA/ (F !IR NATURAL DISPOSITION1 !Y MU/ HANG ON HIS 
  EV]Y WORD1 HIS TONE ( VOICE1 HIS GE/URES1 HIS EXPRESSION2 !IR EV]Y 
  FACULTY MU/ BE AL]T TO CAT* HIS WI%ES & TO DISC]N HIS ?\<TS4 ,IS ?AT 
  A HAPPY EXI/5CE8 ,CAN ?AT BE CALL$ LIV+8 ,IS !RE ANY?+ 9 ! WORLD 
  LESS TOL]ABLE ?AN ?AT8 ,& ,I DO NOT MEAN LESS TOL]ABLE TO A MAN ( VALOR1 A 
  MAN ( NATURAL GOODNESS1 BUT SIMPLY 5D[$ TO A MAN ) COMMON S5SE1 OR JU/ 
  SOMEONE :O HAS ! APPE>ANCE ( A MAN8 ,:AT WAY ( LIFE IS MORE ABJECT ?AN 
  ONE B]EFT ( POSSESSIONS1 9 :I* ONE'S COM=T1 LIB]TY1 BODY & LIFE 
  DEP5D ON SOMEONE ELSE8 

,BUT ! GOAL ( !IR S]VITUDE IS WEAL?4 ,AS ?\< !Y C\LD GA9 
  ANY?+ :I* W\LD BELONG TO !M1 S9CE !Y CANNOT EV5 CLAIM ?AT !Y 
  BELONG TO !MSELVES1 AS ?\< ANYONE C\LD [N ANY?+ B5EA? A TYRANT6 
  ,!Y SEEK GREAT POSSESSIONS1 BUT =GET ?AT IT IS !Y :O GIVE ! TYRANT ! 
  P[] TO TAKE EV]Y?+ FROM EV]YONE1 LEAV+ NO?+ :I* CAN BE SAID TO BE 
  [N$ BY ANY 9DIVIDUAL4 ,!Y SEE ?AT IT IS POSSESSIONS ALONE :I* MAKE M5 
  SUBJECT TO ! TYRANT'S CRUELTY1 ?AT 9 HIS EYES WEAL? IS ! ONLY CAPITAL 
  CRIME1 ?AT HIS ONLY LOVE IS RI*ES & ?AT IT IS ! RI* MAN ALONE :OM HE 
  BR+S D[N -- & YET !Y COME & PRES5T !MSELVES BE=E ! BUT*]1 
  AS IT W]E1 & (F] !MSELVES TO HIM NICELY FATT5$ UP1 TO 9CITE HIS 
  APPETITE6 ,!SE C\RTI]S \<T TO =GET ?OSE :O 5RI*$ !MSELVES 9 ! 
  5T\RAGE ( TYRANTS1 & REMEMB] ?OSE :O AMASS$ WEAL? = A TIME BUT 
  5D$ UP LOS+ WEAL? & LIFE4 ,!Y \<T TO REFLECT NOT ON H[ MANY O!R 
  PEOPLE HAVE GA9$ WEAL? ?AT WAY1 BUT ON H[ FEW ( !M :O HAVE KEPT IT4 
  ,JU/ LOOK AT ! :OLE ( HI/ORY1 JU/ CONTEMPLATE :AT HAS HAPP5$ )9 
  LIV+ MEMORY1 & IT WILL BE EVID5T H[ MANY PEOPLE !RE >E :O1 HAV+ 
  GA9$ ! E> ( MON>*S BY EVIL MEANS1 EXPLOIT+ !IR WICK$NESS OR 
  NAIVETY1 HAVE 5D$ UP BE+ DE/ROY$ BY !M1 & HAVE DISCOV]$ ?AT ! 
  EASE ) :I* MON>*S ELEVAT$ !M WAS EQUAL$ BY ! FICKL5ESS ) :I* 
  !Y BR\<T !M D[N4 ,!RE IS NO D\BT ?AT AMONG ! VA/ NUMB] ( 
  C\RTI]S ( SO MANY WICK$ K+S1 !RE HAVE BE5 FEW1 SC>CELY ANY 9 FACT1 
  :O DID NOT !MSELVES EXP]I5CE ?AT CRUELTY ( ! TYRANT :I* !Y HAD 
  PREVI\SLY K9DL$ AGA9/ O!RS4 ,USUALLY1 BY HAV+ 5RI*$ !MSELVES BY 
  US+ ! TYRANT'S PROTECTION TO DESPOIL O!RS1 !Y 5RI*$ ! TYRANT ) 
  :AT HE DESPOIL$ FROM !M4 

,IT SOMETIMES HAPP5S ?AT GOOD M5 GA9 ! FAVOR ( A TYRANT4 ,BUT1 
  ?\< !SE M5 MAY ADVANCE F> 9 ! TYRANT'S GOOD GRACES1 & ?\< VIRTUE 
  & 9TEGRITY MAY %9E BRI<TLY )9 !M 7& !SE >E QUALITIES :I* 
  EV5 WICK$ M5 REV]E :5 !Y OBS]VE !M AT CLOSE H&71 !SE GOOD M5 
  CANNOT SURVIVE 9 ! COMPANY ( ! TYRANT &1 LIKE EV]YONE ELSE1 !Y SEE 
  !IR PLANS OB/RUCT$ BY TYRANNY4 ,TAKE ! CASE ( ,S5ECA1 ,BURRUS & ,?RASEA1 
  A TRIO ( GOOD M53 ?R\< ILL-=TUNE1 TWO ( !M BECAME P>T ( ! 
  5T\RAGE ( ! TYRANT1 :O E/EEM$ & *]I%$ !M1 & MADE !M 
  RESPONSIBLE = ! GOV]NM5T ( AFFAIRS2 & ! ?IRD HAD BE5 RESPONSIBLE 
  = HIS $UCATION1 A FACT :I* WAS ! PL$GE ( ! FRI5D%IP HE 5JOY$ 
  ) ! TYRANT4 ,BUT ! CRUEL DEA?S 5DUR$ BY !SE ?REE %[S CLE>LY H[ 
  LITTLE FAI? CAN BE PLAC$ 9 ! FAVOR ( AN EVIL MA/]4 ,& 9DE$1 :AT 
  FRI5D%IP CAN ONE EXPECT ( A MAN :O IS SO HE>D-HE>T$ AS TO HATE HIS 
  K+DOM :5 IT IS DO+ NO?+ BUT OBEY+ HIM1 & :O1 BECAUSE HE DOES NOT 
  KN[ :]E HIS [N TRUE 9T]E/S LIE1 IMPOV]I%ES HIMSELF & DE/ROYS HIS 
  [N P[]8 

,N[ IF Y\ >GUE ?AT !SE PEOPLE RECEIV$ ?IS ILL-TREATM5T BECAUSE 
  !Y ACT$ VIRTU\SLY T[>DS ! TYRANT1 !N TAKE A GOOD LOOK AT ?AT MAN'S 
  :OLE 5T\RAGE1 & Y\ WILL SEE ?AT ?OSE :O +RATIAT$ !MSELVES ) 
  HIM & KEPT HIS FAVOR BY EVIL MEANS LA/$ NO LONG]4 ,:O HAS EV] HE>D OR 
  READ ( A LOVE AS PRECIPITATE1 AN AFFECTION AS /UBBORN1 AN 9FATUATION AS 
  OB/9ATE AS HIS = ,POPPAEA8 ,WELL1 HE LAT] POISON$ H]4 ,HIS MO!R1 
  ,AGRIPP9A1 HAD KILL$ H] HUSB& ,CLAUDIUS TO ALL[ HIM TO BECOME EMP]OR1 
  NEV] %R9K+ FROM ANY ACTION1 & H>D%IP :I* W\LD B5EFIT HIM4 ,WELL1 
  H] V]Y SON1 H] (FSPR+1 ! MAN %E HAD H&$ ! EMPIRE TO1 LET H] D[N 
  MANY TIMES & F9ALLY TOOK H] LIFE4 ,EV]YONE SAID %E RI*LY DES]V$ TO HAVE 
  LIFE TAK5 FROM H] -- BY ANYONE O!R ?AN ! MAN %E HAD GIV5 LIFE TO4 
  ,:AT MAN WAS EV] MORE GULLIBLE1 MORE NAIVE1 OR -- TO PUT IT MORE 
  ACCURATELY -- MORE COMPLETE A FOOL ?AN EMP]OR ,CLAUDIUS8 ,:O WAS EV] MORE 
  9FATUAT$ ) A WOMAN ?AN HE WAS ) ,MESSAL9A8 ,HE 5D$ BY H&+ H] 
  OV] TO ! EXECUTION]4 ,IF TYRANTS >E NAIVE1 ?AT NAIVETY ALWAYS PREV5TS 
  !M DO+ ANY GOOD4 ,BUT :ATEV] WIT !Y DO HAVE1 H[EV] LITTLE1 IS 
  EV5TUALLY SPURR$ 9TO ACTION :5 IT COMES TO EX]CIS+ CRUELTY1 ESPECIALLY 
  AGA9/ ?OSE 9 !IR 5T\RAGE4 ,EV]YONE KN[S ?AT NICE SAY+ ( ! O!R 
  TYRANT :O /ROK$ ! B>E NECK ( ?AT WIFE :OM HE MO/ LOV$1 & )\T 
  :OM IT SEEM$ HE C\LD NOT GO ON LIV+1 ) ! F9E WORDS1 ',?IS 
  BEAUTIFUL NECK WILL BE CUT ONE DAY1 IF ,I BUT GIVE ! WORD'4 ,?AT IS :Y MO/ 
  ANCI5T TYRANTS W]E KILL$ BY !IR CLOSE/ FAVORITES :O1 KN[+ ! NATURE 
  ( TYRANNY1 TRU/$ ! WILL ( ! TYRANT LESS ?AN !Y MI/RU/$ HIS P[]4 
  ,?US1 ,DOMITIAN WAS KILL$ BY ,/EPHANUS1 ,COMMODUS BY ONE ( HIS [N MI/RESSES1 
  ,ANTON9US BY ,MACR9US -- & ! SAME ?+ HAPP5$ ) ALMO/ ALL ! 
  O!RS4 

,!RE IS NO D\BT ?AT ! TYRANT IS NEV] LOV$1 & LOVES NOBODY4 
  ,FRI5D%IP IS A SACR$ WORD1 IT IS A HOLY ?+1 & IT EXI/S ONLY BETWE5 
  GOOD PEOPLE1 IT IS K9DL$ BY MUTUAL E/EEM4 ,IT IS SU/A9$ NOT SO MU* BY 
  FAVORS AS BY A GOOD LIFE4 ,:AT GIVES Y\ CONFID5CE Y\ CAN RELY ON A FRI5D IS 
  ! KN[L$GE Y\ HAVE HIS 9TEGRITY3 ! GU>ANTORS ( ?AT >E HIS NATURAL 
  VIRTUE1 HIS TRU/WOR?9ESS & HIS CON/ANCY4 ,:]E !RE IS CRUELTY1 
  TREA*]Y & 9JU/ICE !RE CAN BE NO FRI5D%IP4 ,EVIL M5 >E NOT COMPANIONS 
  ( ONE ANO!R1 !Y >E CONSPIRATORS4 ,!Y HAVE NO MUTUAL AFFECTION1 BUT A 
  MUTUAL FE>3 ! >E NOT FRI5DS1 BUT ACCOMPLICES4 

,N[ EV5 IF ?AT CONSID]ATION W]E NOT AN OB/ACLE1 IT W\LD /ILL BE 
  DIFFICULT TO E/ABLI% SOLID FRI5D%IP ) A TYRANT4 ,! REASON IS ?AT HE IS 
  ABOVE ALL O!R M51 & HAS NO PE]1 & SO HE IS NECESS>ILY BEYOND ! 
  B\NDS ( FRI5D%IP1 :I* IS ALL AB\T EQUALITY3 Y\ DO NOT WANT A 
  RELATION%IP :I* LIMPS4 ,?AT IS :Y !Y SAY ?IEVES TRU/ EA* O!R :5 IT 
  COMES TO DIVID+ ! SPOILS1 AS !Y >E EQUALS & COMPANIONS2 !Y HAVE NO 
  LOVE ( EA* O!R1 BUT !Y DO FE> EA* O!R1 & DO NOT WANT TO R$UCE 
  !IR SECURITY BY BECOM+ 9VOLV$ 9 DISPUTES4 ,BUT ! FAVORITES ( A TYRANT 
  CAN HAVE NO SU* ASSURANCES AB\T HIM1 = !Y >E ! V]Y PEOPLE :O HAVE 
  TAU<T HIM ?AT HE IS ALL P[]FUL1 & ?AT HE IS B\ND BY NO LAW OR DUTY1 & 
  ?AT HE MAY C\NT HIS WILL AS SYNONYM\S ) REASON1 & ?AT HE HAD NO PE]1 
  BUT IS MA/] ( ALL4 ,H[ LAM5TABLE1 !N1 ?AT ) ALL !SE CLE> EXAMPLES1 
  & ) ! DANG] SO CLOSE AT H&1 NOBODY DEIGNS TO LE>N FROM ! MI/AKES 
  ( O!RS6 ,ALL ( ?OSE PEOPLE :O SO READILY APPROA* TYRANTS1 NOT ONE IS WISE 
  5\< TO TELL !M :AT ! FOX 9 ! /ORY SAID TO ! LION :O WAS 
  PRET5D+ TO BE ILL3 ',I W\LD BE GLAD TO COME SEE Y\ 9 Y\R LAIR4 ,BUT ,I 
  CAN SEE ! FOOTPR9TS ( MANY BEA/S GO+ 9TO Y\R LAIR1 BUT NONE COM+ 
  \T444' 

,!SE ABJECT M5 SEE ! GLITT] ( ! TYRANT'S GOLD & >E MESM]IZ$ 
  BY ! RAYS ( HIS MI<T3 ?IS IS :AT DAZZLES & 9CITES !M1 & !Y DRAW 
  NI<1 NOT NOTIC+ ?AT !Y >E WALK+ 9TO ! FLAMES :I* WILL ASSUR$LY 
  CONSUME !M4 ,9 ! SAME WAY1 ?AT RECKLESS SATYR ( OLD SAW ! LI<T ( ! 
  TOR* ?AT ,PROME!US DISCOV]$1 & F\ND IT SO APPEAL+ ?AT HE W5T TO 
  KISS IT -- & WAS BURN$ BY IT1 AS ! ,TUSCAN POET SAYS4 ,SIMIL>LY1 ! 
  BUTT]FLY1 HOP+ TO EXP]I5CE PLEASURE1 IS DRAWN 9TO A FLAME BY ! 
  ATTRACTION ( ! LI<T -- BUT EXP]I5CES ! FLAMES O!R QUALITY1 & IS 
  BURN$ BY IT4 ,BUT EV5 SUPPOS+ !SE SYCOPHANTS ESCAPE ! CLUT*ES ( !IR 
  MA/]1 !RE IS NO ESCAP+ HIS SUCCESSOR4 ,IF HE IS A VIRTU\S MAN1 !N ! 
  DAY ( RECKON+ IS AT H& & !Y HAVE TO COME TO T]MS ) REASON4 ,IF1 
  LIKE !IR PRES5T MA/]1 HE IS A WICK$ MAN1 HE WILL MO/ C]TA9LY HAVE HIS 
  [N FAVORITES1 & !SE PEOPLE >E NOT USUALLY CONT5T TO TAKE OV] O!R 
  PEOPLE'S (FICES1 !Y USUALLY DEM& !IR POSSESSION & !IR LIVES AS WELL4 
  ,SO WILL ANYONE BE WILL+ TO TAKE ON ?AT WRET*$ TASK ( S]V+ SU* A 
  DANG]\S MA/]1 A TASK :I* CAN BE ONLY C>RI$ \T ) GREAT ANGUI% & 
  AT GREAT P]IL1 & ) SU* LITTLE CONFID5CE8 ,:AT ANGUI%1 :AT M>TYRDOM6 
  ,GOOD ,GOD6 ,! MAN Y\ /RIVE NI<T & DAY TO PLEASE IS ! ONE Y\ FE> MORE 
  ?AN ANY O!R4 ,& AT EV]Y MOM5T Y\R EYES & E>S MU/ BE OP51 TO 
  ANTICIPATE ! BL[1 TO SEE ! TRAPS PEOPLE >E LAY+ = Y\1 TO WEI< UP 
  :AT SOMEONE'S EXPRESSION SIGNIFIES1 TO KN[ :O Y\R BETRAY] IS1 TO SMILE AT 
  EV]YONE & YET FE> !M ALL1 TO HAVE NO AV[$ 5EMY OR RELIABLE FRI5D1 
  ) A SMILE ON Y\R FACE & Y\R HE>T NUMB ) FE>1 ALWAYS UNABLE TO FEEL 
  ANY JOY1 YET D>+ NOT TO BE SAD4 

,BUT IT IS PLEASURABLE TO CONSID] :AT B5EFIT !Y D]IVE FROM ! 
  GREAT TR\BLE !Y PUT !MSELVES TO1 & :AT !Y GA9 FROM !IR PITIFUL1 
  TORM5T$ EXI/5CE4 ,PEOPLE READILY F9D SOMEONE TO BLAME = !IR SUFF]+S 
  - & !Y DO NOT BLAME ! TYRANT1 BUT HIS ADVIS]S4 ,! 5TIRE POPULATION ( 
  A :OLE NATIONS1 RI<T D[N TO ! PEASANTS & F>M-LABOR]S1 WILL \TBID EA* 
  O!R 9 NAM+ NAMES1 9 D5\NC+ !SE PEOPLE = !IR VISES1 9 HEAP+ 
  UPON !M A ?\S& 9SULTS1 A ?\S& DEFAMATIONS1 A ?\S& CURSES4 ,! 
  NATION'S EV]Y PRAY] IS DEVOT$ TO !IR D[NFALL4 ,!Y BLAME !M = EV]Y 
  MIS=TUNE1 EV]Y \TBREAK ( ! PLAGUE1 EV]Y FAM9E4 ,!Y MAY1 ON OCCASION1 
  APPE> TO BE BE/[+ SOME RECOGNITION UPON !M1 BUT IT IS !N ESPECIALLY 
  ?AT !IR SECRET DETE/ATION ( !M IS MO/ HE>TFELT1 ?AT !Y FEEL MORE 
  HORROR ( !M ?AN ( ANY WILD BEA/4 ,SU* IS ! GLORY & R5[N !SE 
  PEOPLE GA9 FROM !IR S]VICE TO ! COMMUNITY3 IF !IR BODIES W]E TORN 9TO 
  AS MANY PIECES AS !RE >E CITIZ5S1 PEOPLE W\LD FEEL ?AT ?AT DID NOT 
  COMP5SATE = ! ANGUI% !Y 5DUR$1 ?AT ?AT ONLY GOES HALFWAY TO 
  SATISFY+ !M4 ,FUR!RMORE1 AFT] !IR DEA?1 FUTURE G5]ATIONS NEV] FAIL 
  TO BLACK5 ! NAME ( !SE VULTURES 9 ! 9K ( A ?\S& BOOKS1 RAK+ 
  OV] !IR V]Y BONES1 SO TO SPEAK1 & PUNI%+ !M1 EV5 PO/HUM\SLY1 = 
  !IR WICK$ LIVES4 

,COME !N1 LET US LE>N TO ACT VIRTU\SLY4 ,LET US LIFT UP \R EYES 
  T[>DS HEAV51 = ! SAKE ( \R HONOR OR = LOVE ( VIRTUE ITSELF -- 
  OR1 MORE PROP]LY1 = ! LOVE & HONOR ( ALMI<TY ,GOD1 :O IS ASSUR$LY A 
  WITNESS ( \R DE$S & A JU/ JUDGE ( \R FAULTS4 ,= MY P>T1 ,I AM 
  CONV9C$1 & AM NOT MI/AK5 9 ?IS CONVICTION 7S9CE NO?+ IS MORE 
  CONTR>Y TO ! FREE & GRACI\S NATURE ( ,GOD ?AN TYRANNY IS7 ?AT HE HAS A 
  PLACE 9 HELL :]E TYRANTS & !IR ACCOMPLICES UND]GO SOME TORM5T RES]V$ 
  ESPECIALLY = !M4 

,FROM 3 ,CON/ITUTION4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #a$g 3 ,SLAVES BY ,*OICE -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,SEPTEMB] #b1 #bai 3 ,SLAVES BY ,*OICE -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bbb 3 ,SLAVES BY ,*OICE -- ,UPDAT$4 

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