,SCI5CE ,AS ,RADICALISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,GILLIS 

,TEXT 3 

,IT'S NO SECRET ?AT A GOOD PORTION ( ! LEFT TODAY CONSID]S SCI5CE PR(\NDLY UNCOOL4 ,A SLI<T AFF9ITY ) IT P]SI/S AMONG A MAJORITY1 BUT FEW ASIDES ( SCORN BY ! CONT95TAL PHILOSOPH]S 9FLU5TIAL 9 ! CONTEMPOR>Y LEFTI/ CANON SEE SPIRIT$ RESPONSE & SCI5CE'S MO/ PROM95T *AMPIONS REMA9 DAT$ HI/ORICAL FIGURES LIKE ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 & ,ELISEE ,RECLUS4 ,9DE$ !RE'S A L+]+ :IFF ( TE*NOCRATIC /ODG9ESS & DEA? ?AT ! WORD 0SCI5CE0 HAS NEV] QUITE %AK54 ,?OSE LEFTI/S MO/ ASSOCIAT$ ) IT HAVE A T5D5CY TO EI!R BE AU?ORIT>IANS LOOK+ TO LEGITIMIZE NE>-FASCI/ N>RATIVES1 OR DOE-EY$ ACTIVI/S 5*ANT$ BY SAC*>9E VISIONS ( SELF-MANAG$ BUREAUCRACIES & ,! ,MEET+ ,?AT ,NEV] ,5DS4 ,TO A GREAT MANY :O ID5TIFY AS RADICALS 0SCI5CE0 APPE>S 9 \R LIVES PRIM>ILY AS A PLACE \R V>I\S 5EMIES HABITUALLY RETREAT TO CONJURE ! AU?ORITY !IR %ODDY >GUM5TS C\LDN'T4 

,TAK5 9 ?IS LI<T AS A SORT ( NEBUL\S DIV9ITY -- SPOK5 ( ) EXPLICIT CAPITALIZATION & ! OCCASIONAL FL\RI%+ EXCLAMATION M>K -- 0,SCI5CE60 (T5 /RIKES LIKE A *>ACT] 9 ! TALES WE 5C\NT] ?R\<\T \R LIFE1 GRADUALLY ACCUMULAT+ A JUMBLE ( ASSOCIATIONS & P]SONALITY TRAITS4 ,TALES ?AT >E ALMO/ UNI=M ACROSS \R SOCIETY4 ,EV]YONE KN[S ! HI< S*OOL /ORY ( ,SCI5CE6 9 R\< T]MS3 ,! BELIEF ?AT ! 5TIRETY ( \R REALITY CAN BE DIVID$ UP 9TO LITTLE ATOMS & FACTS4 ,GLEAN$ FROM NUMB]S1 BRUTALLY H>VE/$1 & !N LOCK$ 9TO LITTLE J>S4 ,EXCEPT -- ! /ORY GOES -- IT'S NEV] QUITE CAPABLE ( SUCCESSFULLY R$UC+ US TO !SE ACC\NT+ %EETS2 ALL IT SUCCE$S AT IS CALL+ = X5OCIDAL POLICIES1 UNLEA%+ CATA/ROPHES1 &1 9 ITS 9SANE PURSUIT ( 9F9ITE KN[L$GE 7IE DOM9ATION7 OV] NATURE1 CONSUM+ EV]Y?+ & EV]YONE 9 ITS WAKE4 ,SCI5CE6 IS SURELY JU/ ANO!R WAY ( EXPRESS+ ! LOGIC ( EMPIRE & CAPITALISM4 ,SCI5CE6 IS A RELIGI\S 9/ITUTION ?AT BROK]S NO ALT]NATIVES4 ,SCI5CE6 IS NUCLE> WEAPONS1 ,G,M,O KILL] SE$S1 ANIMAL TE/+1 BULLDOZ]S1 NAZI M$ICAL EXP]IM5TS1 ,JURASSIC ,P>K1 & ,*RI/OPH] ,COLUMBUS4 ,IT MAY HAVE SOME MORE ANODYNE FACES1 BUT ! AFFAIR AS A :OLE IS 9SEP>ABLE FROM DE/RUCTIVE HUBRIS & COLD 9HUMANITY4 

,ONCE Y\'VE SE5 ?IS PATT]N OR N>RATIVE IT'S ALL TOO EASY TO FIT EV]Y?+ 9TO IT4 

,*ANCES >E Y\ DON'T DIRECTLY EXP]I5CE SCI5CE 9 Y\R EV]YDAY LIFE4 ,BUT Y\ DO 5C\NT] ITS GLOSSY LOGO 9CESSANTLY4 ,9 ! NEWS /ORIES TROLLS CITE AGA9/ Y\ TO 0PROVE0 SOME?+ AB\T G5D] ROLES4 ,9 ! /ICK]S ON GIANT TE*NOLOGICAL DEVICES4 ,IF IT'S NOT SNE]+ ,DAWK9S FANS TELL+ Y\ ,SCI5CE6 SAYS !Y'RE RI<T !N IT'S ! HORROR TALES REPEAT$ 9CESSANTLY BY A FE>FUL POPUL> CULTURE4 ,WE'VE WAT*$ ?\S&S ( MOVIES MORALIZ+ AB\T 0PLAY+ GOD0 BY SEEK+ UND]/&+1 TO ! PO9T :]E WE JU/ ASSUME SU* C9EMATIC MI/AKES >E A REALI/IC ?+ ?AT TOTALLY HAPP5S4 ,SOMEONE SAYS 0! ,L>GE ,HADRON ,COLLID] C\LD CREATE A BLACKHOLE0 & WE P>TIALLY BELIEVE !M BECAUSE LIKE WE'VE SE5 ?IS MOVIE BE=E & FUR!R WE IMM$IATELY LEAP TO \R ,HOLLYWOOD NOTION ( A 0BLACKHOLE0 :]E IT EATS ! E>? 7RA!R ?AN IMM$IATELY EVAPORAT+ 9TO HAWK+ RADIATION74 ,!RE'S LIT]ALLY A T]RORI/ ORGANIZATION TRY+ TO MURD] GRADUATE /UD5TS OV] A FE> 70GRAY GOO07 !Y ADMIT !Y DON'T UND]/& AT ALL4 ,BUT AGA91 WE'VE SE5 ?IS MOVIE4 

,OKAY1 SURE1 SCI5TI/S MAY OCCASIONALLY MANAGE TO POKE !IR HEADS ?R\< ! M$IA WALL & PO9T \T ?AT POLLUTION IS HAPP5+ OR ?AT ACTUAL NEUROSCI5CE DOESN'T BACK PATRI>*AL N>RATIVES1 BUT ?AT'S CLE>LY JU/ !M CLEAN+ UP AFT] !IR COLLEAGUES1 !IR [N MI/AKES1 !IR [N COLONIZ] LOGIC4 ,SO MANY T]RIBLE PEOPLE CITE SCI5CE AS A JU/IFICATION !RE MU/ BE SOME?+ TO IT4 ,& :O C\LD D5Y ?AT OZONE DEPLETION & DE=E/ATION W\LDN'T HAVE HAPP5$ 9 ! FIR/ PLACE IF WE W]5'T MAK+ P5CILS & MEASUR+ DEVICES = ?OSE SCI5TI/S TO SCRIBBLE D[N !IR F9D+S4 7,DON'T TALK TO US AB\T SCALE OR RIDICUL\S DIFF]5CES 9 ORD]S ( MAGNITUDE6 ,NUMB]S REM9D US ( H[ MU* MA? CLASS SUCK$ & ANY REF]5CE TO SCALE PROVES IT'S 0JU/ A MATT] ( DEGREE40 ,& ANYWAY ALL ( 9DU/RIAL SOCIETY SURELY DEP5DS 5TIRELY ON ALL ! RE/ ( IT6 ,IT'S A PACKAGE DEAL67 ,EV5 IF ,SCI5CE6 HAS GOOD P>TS1 IT SURELY ALSO HAS A ,D>K ,SIDE & D>E NOT BE LET FREE TO ITS [N DESIRES4 ,AT BE/ IT'S A TOOL CAPABLE ( SOME GOOD 7IF TI<TLY 5SLAV$7 & MU* EVIL 7IF EMBRAC$ = ITS [N SAKE74 ,BUT IF IT IS JU/ A TOOL IT'S TOTALLY ! MA/]'S TOOL4 ,& AT WOR/8 ,AT WOR/ ,SCI5CE6 IS AN 9SANE P[] FANTASY ( \R RUL]S ?AT HAS MOTIVAT$ & FACILITAT$ ! 5SLAVEM5T ( ! 5TIRE WORLD4 

,SCI5CE6 IS -- 9 %ORT -- ACCEPT$ ON FACE VALUE4 ,IT IS TAK5 MORE OR LESS AS :AT WE SEE CALL$ ,SCI5CE6 ALMO/ EV]Y:]E4 ,AN UNLUCKY FEW ( US >E GRANT$ CLOS] EXP]I5CE1 /UMBL+ 9TO S\L-SUCK+ 5G9E]+ JOBS = COMPANIES OR ACADEMIC SWEAT%OPS1 SPECIALIZ+ 9 :AT BOILS D[N TO OPTIMIZ+ A S+LE WIDGET4 ,SCI5CE6 IS ON ! NAMETAG4 ,SCI5CE6 IS ON ! DIPLOMA4 ,SCI5CE6 IS ON \R REPORT4 ,SCI5CE6 IS H[ \R PAYMA/]S EXCUSE ! DAMAGE \R WIDGET CAUSES 9 MILIT>Y OR ECONOMIC APPLICATION4 ,SCI5CE6 MU/ SURELY BE ?IS4 

,Y\ CAN TELL ,I ?9K ?IS IS ALL PAT5T NONS5SE4 ,A SIMIL> 9T5TIONALLY MISATTRIBUT$ & SURFACE-DEEP TALE C\LD BE TOLD AB\T 0,AN>*Y0 FROM ! NEWSCA/] DESKS TO ! ,HOT ,TOPIC /ICK]S4 

,YET ! PULL ( SU* N>RATIVES >E ALL CONSUM+4 ,& LIKE ANY GOOD TALE1 !Y TYPICALLY HAVE A WIDE 5\< >RAY ( MOV+ P>TS TO MAKE ANY ATTEMPT AT ?OR\< CRITIQUE PROHIBITIVELY 9VOLV$4 ,EV5 IF Y\ W]E TO EXAM9E EV]Y ASSOCIATION1 ASSUM$ CAUSATION1 REPEAT$ LIE1 & MISATTRIBUTION IT'S UNLIKELY SOMEONE 5RAPTUR$ BY ?IS N>RATIVE W\LD BE ABLE TO HOLD IT ALL 9 !IR ATT5TION AT ! SAME TIME4 ,!Y'D ALWAYS FEEL CONFID5T Y\ HADN'T ADDRESS$ 5\<4 ,& 9 ! FACE ( SU* COMPLEXITY1 !Y MI<T AS WELL DEFAULT ON :ATEV] BUNDLE ( ASSOCIATIONS !Y ALREADY HAVE4 ,9 ANY CASE ?IS N>RATIVE IS DRESS$ UP AS A 'CRITIQUE' ( SOME?+ PRES5TLY 9 P[] -- :AT8 DO Y\ OPPOSE CRITIQUES8 >E Y\ DEF5D+ ?OSE 9 P[]88 SURELY ! /ATUS QUO NE$S NO MORE DEF5D]S6 

,AS ) CONSPIRACY !ORIES1 IF Y\ HOLD A BELIEV]'S NOSE TO ! TRICKS OR HOLES 9 !IR TALE !Y'LL S9C]ELY RETORT ?AT SURELY EV]Y O!R POSSIBLE /ORY DEP5DS ON EQUIVAL5T SLI<TS ( H&4 ,TIME & TIME AGA9 ,I HE> FROM HIP RADICALS ! SAME D]ISION ) SCI5CE DRESS$ UP AS 5LI<T5M5T3 0,ALL MODELS >E WRONG1 IT'S JU/ ?AT SOME CAN BE USEFUL SELF-DECEPTIONS40 ,IF EV]Y?+'S EQUALLY JU/ A MY?1 EQUALLY UNGR\ND$1 OR POLITICALLY SUSPECT1 Y\ MI<T AS WELL SETTLE ON :ATEV] SEEMS LIKE IT W\LD BE ! MO/ USEFUL /ORY GIV5 Y\R PSY*OLOGY & CONTEXT4 

,A ,CONTEXT ( ,UN5D+ ,APPROPRIATION 

,AMONG O!R PECULI>ITIES ,I HAVE ! DUBI\S DI/9CTION ( HAV+ BE5 RAIS$ BY A TRUE BELIEV] 9 0,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE40 ,IF Y\'RE UNFAMILI> ) ! RELIGION ?9K LESS ,SCI5TOLOGY ?AN A CRANKY FIR/-WAVE FEM9I/ SORT ( ,MORMONISM4 ,:I* IS MO/LY JU/ TO SAY A DI/9CTLY #a#i? C5TURY ,AM]ICAN 9V5TION ) A T5U\S ,*RI/IAN G5EALOGY1 CONS]VATIVE ES!TICS1 & SOME WEIRD TWI/S 9TO PHILOSOPHICAL IDEALISM4 

,*RI/IAN ,SCI5TI/S >E MO/ NOTABLE = !IR UNIQUE RESPONSE TO ! PROBLEM ( SUFF]+ 9 ! PRES5CE ( AN OMNIPOT5T GOD3 !Y RESPOND BY DISBELIEV+ 9 SUFF]+4 ,9DE$ !Y DISBELIEVE 9 ! 5TIRE MAT]IAL WORLD & SOMETIMES EV5 LOGIC OR MA?4 ,IT'S ONE ( ! CUTE/ TRICKS 9 ! HI/ORY ( RELIGION & PHILOSOPHY & ,I FEEL BE>S SOME HORRIFI$ APPRECIATION4 ,!RE'S AN ORGANIZ$ RELIGION 9 \R WORLD ) HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( FOLL[]S F\ND$ ON AN EXPLICIT V]SION ( IMMAT]IALISM ?AT W\LD DO EV5 ,GEORGE ,B]KELEY PR\D4 ,IF Y\ BREAK Y\R BACK OR >E IMPRISON$ BY A RAPI/ Y\ CAN COPE BY D5Y+ ?AT ANY ( ?AT ACTUALLY EXI/S4 ,! 5TIRE MAT]IAL UNIV]SE 9 FACT IS A VICI\S LIE1 AN ]ROR CAUS$ BY ! MI/AK5 ?\<TS ( 0MORTAL M9D40 ,!RE IS ONLY ,GOD & ,H] LOVE1 EV]Y?+ ELSE IS A %>$ DELUSION1 A CONS5SUS REALITY4 ,?US1 IF Y\'RE 9 SUFF]+1 DISASSOCIATE4 ,IF Y\ FACE OB/ACLES1 WORK H>D] AT CONV9C+ Y\RSELF !Y'RE NOT A PROBLEM4 ,IF Y\'RE PRIVILEG$1 BASK 9 ! KN[L$GE ?AT Y\ MU/ BE DO+ SOME?+ RI<T AS A MATT] ( *>ACT]4 ,IT'S BASICALLY ,! ,SECRET = #a#h#hS H\SEWIVES4 

,R>ELY IS ! CORE ( FAI? EXPOS$ SO OP5LY4 ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE CAT]S TO ! POOR1 ! M5TALLY ILL1 & RI* CONS]VATIVES ) HIPPIE 9CL9ATIONS4 ,WA%+TON ,D,C IS FILL$ ) !M4 ,MY IMPOV]I%$ FAMILY WAS ONCE BIZ>RELY TAK5 YA*T+ BY A =M] ASSI/ANT DIRECTOR ( ! ,C,I,A4 

,SO IF Y\'RE GO+ TO 9V5T A /RIPP$ D[N V]SION ( ,*RI/IANITY ?AT RESOLVES ITS 9COH]5CIES BY CLAIM+ ! UNIV]SE DOESN'T EXI/ & EXPRESS+ DI/RU/ IF NOT 9T5SE HO/ILITY TO ANY SORT ( H&S-ON 5GAG+ ) MAT]IAL REALITY OR EV5 CONSI/5T BAYESIAN LOGIC -- IF Y\'RE GO+ TO BECOME FAM\S = LETT+ *ILDR5 DIE RA!R ?AN CONC$E TO BASIC SCI5CE -- :Y ADOPT ! LABEL 0,SCI5CE08 ,WELL PUT SIMPLY1 9 ! #a#hS :5 ! *UR*'S F\ND] ,M>Y ,BAK] ,$DY WAS TRY+ TO W9 OV] ! WORLD1 0SCI5CE0 WAS A POPUL> BUZZWORD ) A LOT ( AWE BUT LITTLE PUBLIC COMPREH5SION4 7,SO EXACTLY LIKE TODAY47 ,! F\ND+ SAGA ( ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE IS ?AT A MIDDLE CLASS S*IZOPHR5IC :ITE GIRL ADDICT$ TO MORPH9E SLIPP$ & HURT H]SELF1 SOME DOCTORS ALLEG$LY TOLD H] %E W\LD NEV] HEAL & 9 A FEW DAYS %E DID4 ,BAM4 ,NEW RELIGION4 

,!RE'S A C\PLE ?+S TO NOTE H]E4 

,EV5 BE=E ,BAK] APPROPRIAT$ ! T]M = H]SELF1 ! DA/>DLY REPRES5TATIVES ( 0SCI5CE0 9 ?IS /ORY1 ! 0DOCTORS0 7!Y W]E ACTUALLY HOMEOPA?S7 HAD JU/ AS BRAZ5LY APPROPRIAT$ SAID MANTLE = !MSELVES4 ,LITTLE AB\T PRACTIC$ M$IC9E AT ! TIME 9VOLV$ ANY?+ REMOTELY CLOSE TO ! K9D ( KN[L$GE ( ROOT CAUSES & RELATION%IPS ?AT HAD DRIV5 ! PUBLIC /ATURE ( 0SCI5CE40 ,PHYSICS & MA!MATICS1 ) *EMI/RY & SOME LIMIT$ REALMS ( BIOLOGY DOGG+ AT !IR HEELS1 HAD SE5 A /UNN+ BUR/ ( CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPM5TS & DRAMATIC EVID5CE OV] ?REE C5TURIES4 ,WE W]E OLD HATS AT ADVANC$ CALCULUS & W]E S5D+ ELECTRIC SIGNALS ACROSS ! TRANSATLANTIC CABLE -- BUT WE DIDN'T EV5 REALLY HAVE ! G]M !ORY ( DISEASE4 ,W\LD-BE DOCTORS1 LIKE EV]YONE ELSE1 W]E TRY+ TO POSITION !MSELVES AS 9H]ITORS & COMPATRIOTS ( IF NOT 9DI/+UI%ABLE FROM PHYSICI/S4 ,SU* BALDFAC$ APPROPRIATION ( ANY?+ G>N]+ RESPECT IS V5]ABLE TRADITION & ?OSE 9 P[] W]E WELL-V]S$ LONG BE=E ,BAK]4 ,FROM ! DAYS ( ,NEWTON !RE'VE BE5 RI* /ATESM5 LIKE ,FRANCIS ,BACON LEAP+ TO DEF9E :AT ?OSE FOLK G>N]+ RESPECT W]E REALLY ALL AB\T & H[ IT C\LD BE APPLI$ TO O!R ?+S4 ,9 FACT ! B>RAGE ( QUACKS1 CULTI/S1 CON-M51 & POLITICIANS SO DW>F$ ! NUMB]S ( ?OSE !Y W]E EMULAT+ ?AT V]Y QUICKLY !Y MANAG$ TO SEIZE ! MANTLE ( 0SCI5CE0 9 ! PUBLIC'S EYE = ALL MANN] ( PET PROJECTS4 ,IT DIDN'T MATT] ?AT ! PEOPLE FIVE-SECONDS PRIOR CONSID]$ SCI5TI/S EMPHATICALLY DISMISS$ NONS5SE LIKE PHR5OLOGY & O!R SU* 'SCI5CES ( PEOPLES' AS RIDICUL\S1 ! E/ABLI%M5T %[]$ ANY HALFBAK$ FOOL WILL+ TO DEF5D PATRI>*Y1 :ITE SUPREMACY1 & CAPITALISM ) MONEY & DISPLAYS ( RESPECT4 ,NEI!R H] NEI<BORHOOD 0DOCTORS0 NOR ,M>Y ,BAK] ,$DY H]SELF 7! ORIG9AL NAME %E *OSE = H] RELIGION WAS 0,SCI5CE ( ,MAN07 W]E DO+ ANY?+ DIFF]5T ?AN MO/ PEOPLE ?R\<\T MOD]N HI/ORY2 !Y F\ND SOME?+ RESPECT$ OR LIK$ = :ATEV] UND]LY+ REASON & MIS*>ACT]IZ$ ?AT REASON OR (F]$ A DIFF]5T EXPLANATION SO !Y C\LD HIT* !IR [N /UFF TO IT4 

,BUT ,BAK] DIDN'T JU/ RIDE ?IS POPUL> WAVE ( APPROPRIATION1 %E TOOK ADVANTAGE ( ! WAY IT MUDDI$ ! WAT]S TO DISCR$IT & DISREG>D ! ORIG9AL SCI5TI/S4 ,! RHETORICAL TACTICS COMMON 9 BIBLE /UDY :5 ,I WAS A KID WILL BE FAMILI> TO ANYONE TODAY3 ,/RIPP+ M]ELY BRILLIANT & UNP>ALLEL$ MODELS OR 9SI<TS ( !IR EXPLICIT CONTEXT & ASSIGN+ !M /RAWMAN PRET5SIONS AS ,ABSOLUTE ,KN[L$GE2 US+ ! %ODDY RESULTS ( APPROPRIATORS TO SL&] BY ASSOCIATION ! ORIG9AL 5DEAVOR2 BELITTL+ ANY?+ TOO F> \TSIDE ! EV]YDAY CONCEPTS1 EXP]I5CES1 & CONC]NS ( ?OSE 9 A C]TA9 CULTURAL_/ECONOMIC SPACE444 IT WAS A BY-!-NUMB]S AFFAIR2 ! SAME SORT ( RHETORIC Y\ HE> FROM !OCRATS OR NIHILI/ BURN\TS TODAY4 7,IF ! IDEOLOGIES ?AT USE SU* DEF5SES V>Y SO WILDLY IT'S BECAUSE ONCE Y\ *UCK PURSUIT ( COH]5CE & ! ROOTS ( DYNAMICS Y\ CAN 0>GUE0 ANY >BITR>Y POSITION47 ,! ?+ IS1 IT WORK$4 ,IT'S ONE ?+ TO LAT* ONTO A BIGG] PH5OM5A 9 HOPES ( BECOM+ 9DI/+UI%ABLE FROM IT1 QUITE ANO!R TO USE IT AS A LADD] TO REA* RESPECT & !N TURN >\ND & TRY TO SET ?AT LADD] ON FIRE4 

,M>Y ,BAK] ,$DY'S WILD SUCCESS IS A TE/AM5T TO HUMAN WEAKNESS & OPPRESSION4 ,PEOPLE :O HAVE NO P[]1 :O >E TRAPP$ OR LOCK$ \T1 WILL GO ?R\< ALL K9DS ( M5TAL GYMNA/ICS TO AVOID COM+ TO T]MS ) !IR REALITY4 ,M9DS >E ALWAYS LOOK+ = AV5UES ( EXPLORATION & ! ONLY ?+ MORE PA9FUL ?AN BE+ FUNDAM5TALLY B>R$ IS NOT KN[+ :]E TO />T4 ,CONSCI\S M9DS CAN'T FIGURE \T H[ TO LIVE 9 /ASIS & ! RESULT ( TRY+ IS ALWAYS 9SANITY4 ,TO M9IMIZE ?IS AS BE/ WE CAN WE TURN TO ESCAPISM1 WE %R9K \R HORIZONS1 WE FRANTICALLY MODEL ALT]NATIVES 9 HOPES ( F9D+ A USEFUL P]SPECTIVE4 ,& :5 ?AT GR[S WEAK WE SIMPLY D5Y4 ,!RE'S NO WAY !Y C\LD KN[ SOME?+ WE DON'T4 ,NO WAY \R ABUS] OR A P]SON ) MORE PRIVILEGE C\LD HAVE LEGITIMATELY DISCOV]$ REALITIES BY VIRTUE ( !IR SITUATION4 ,TO ADMIT ?IS IS TO COME FACE TO FACE ) ! FULL NATURE ( P[] & EI!R /RIP US ( HOPE OR OP5 YET ANO!R EXHAU/+ FRONTI] ( CONFLICT4 

,I S+LE \T ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE AS AN ILLU/RATIVE EXAMPLE ( ! DIS+5U\SNESS SURR\ND+ USE ( ! WORD 0SCI5CE0 9 P>TICUL> BECAUSE IT >OSE SIMULTANE\S ) AN >RAY ( MORE 9FLU5TIAL APPROPRIATIONS1 FROM 0,SOCIAL ,D>W9ISM0 TO ,COMTE'S 0,SOCIOLOGY0 TO ,M>X'S 0,SCI5TIFIC ,SOCIALISM01 AT A HI/ORICAL MOM5T :5 MO/ ( ! ACADEMIC CATEGORIES WE KN[ TODAY W]E BE+ HA%$ \T4 

,TO UND]/& ! TANGLES ( PHILOSOPHICAL ATTEMPTS OV] ! LA/ C5TURY TO DEF9E 0SCI5CE0 IT'S IMPORTANT TO GRASP ! CONTEXT SURR\ND+ EXACTLY :O GOT 9 & :O DIDN'T :5 ! MOD]N L9ES W]E DRAWN4 ,9 ! MID #a#hS ! EXPLOSIVE CULTURAL =CE ( ! ,5LI<T5M5T HAD BE5 MO/LY SP5T & ! SOCIAL PRESCRIPTIONS ( ITS POLITICAL IDEOLOGUES W]E UND5IABLY LOS+ CA*ET AMID ! COMPLEXITIES ( 9DU/RIALIZATION4 ,MA!MATICS & PHYSICS W]E /ILL ACCEL]AT+ AT A BREAKNECK PACE BUT ! DAYS :5 POLITICAL !ORI/S C\LD PRET5D TO BE ( ! SAME CLO? W]E FAD+4 ,/UDIES W]E MOV+ \T ( SOCIAL HALLS & 9TO AN 9CREAS+LY SEGM5T$ ACADEMIA4 ,9 ! !RETO /&>D ACADEMIC DI/9CTION SOCIAL CONC]NS ?AT WE'D TODAY CLASSIFY AS ECONOMICS & SOCIOLOGY W]E COMMONS5SICALLY D5OT$ AS 0MORAL PHILOSOPHIES0 -- IE4 9H]5TLY POLITICAL -- :ILE ! REAL DRIV]S ( UND5IABLE ADVANCES 9 KN[L$GE LIKE PHYSICS & MA!MATICS W]E 0NATURAL PHILOSOPHIES40 ,?IS DI/9CTION )9 ACADEMIA BR\<T A CL>ITY ?AT ?REAT5$ TO UND]M9E ?OSE =CES LOOK+ TO APPROPRIATE 9TELLECTUAL AU?ORITY4 

,?ANKFULLY = !M !RE W]E DI/9CT ES!TIC QUALITIES TO ! >GUM5TS ( ,5LI<T5M5T ?9K]S LIKE ,?OMAS ,HOBBES ?AT RESEMBL$ ! MA!MATICAL PRO(S & RIGOR\S SURVEYS ( E>LY PHYSICI/S OR S\<T TO T5U\SLY EXT5D MODELS )9 NATURAL PHILOSOPHY 9TO NORMATIVE SOCIAL !ORIES4 ,?AT WAS AFT] ALL ! :OLE GAME ( ,HOBBES & COMPANY4 ,& SO EV5TUALLY ! T]M 0SCI5CE0 WAS SETTL$ ON AS A MEANS BY :I* ECONOMI/S1 SOCIOLOGI/S & ! LIKE C\LD BE GR\P$ TOGE!R ) ! NATURAL PHILOSOPHIES4 

,OV] ! PREVI\S C5TURIES1 ) ! DECL9E ( TRADESM5 & ! RISE ( 9DU/RY1 0SCI5CE0 HAD QUIETLY %IFT$ FROM AN ADJECTIVE DESCRIB+ ! 9DIVIDUAL CLEV]NESS & EXP]I5TIAL KN[-H[ ( CRAFTSM5 & >TISANS TO A N\N MA9LY SIGNIFY+ ! SY/EMATIC COLLECTION ( DATA4 0,SCI5CE0 ?US PROVID$ AN EFFECTIVE WAY TO R$EF9E :AT EXACTLY WAS ! S\RCE ( SUCCESS 9 ! E>LY CLU/] ( PHYSICSY FIELDS1 & TO BL5D !M ) C]TA9 MORAL PHILOSOPHIES 7USUALLY W$ TO ! K9DS ( /ATE P[] OR CAPITAL ?AT C\LD P]=M EXT5SIVE DATA COLLECTION7 9TO A 9T5TIONALLY HAZY & EXPLOITABLE BUNDLE ( POPUL> ASSOCIATIONS1 PRIM>ILY *>ACT]IZ$ BY AN AIR ( 9EVITABILITY & ABSOLUTE KN[L$GE4 

,IT'S ?IS LA/ IMPRESSION ?AT /ILL GALVANIZES PEOPLE TODAY1 (T5 QUITE VIOL5TLY4 

,COLLECT+ ,FACTS @& ,M>K+ ,! ,T]RITORY 

,AS Y\ MI<T EXPECT ) /AKES ?IS HI< PHILOSOPH]S PROMPTLY SP5T MU* ( ! TW5TIE? C5TURY SQUABBL+ 9 DIRECT & TANG5TIAL WAYS OV] :AT QUALIFIES A /ATEM5T OR CLAIM AS 0SCI5TIFIC01 OR :AT C\NTS AS A 0SCI5TIFIC FACT40 ,I'D >GUE ?AT ?IS APPROA*1 :ILE UND]/&ABLE1 IS ILL-CONCEIV$4 

,! PROJECT ( DRAW+ A B\ND>Y BETWE5 ! 9SIDE & \TSIDE ( ,SCI5CE6 -- A PROJECT CALL$ ! ,DEM>CATION ,PROBLEM -- HAS MO/LY PLAY$ \T AS CONTE/S OV] ! MANTLE ( SCI5CE AS AN ADJECTIVE D5OT+ A K9D ( TRU? VALUE4 ,?US = ! PHILOSOPH]S & DEMAGOGUES :O HAVE 9VE/$ SO HEAVILY 9 ?IS BATTLE 0SCI5CE0 IS PRIM>ILY VIEW$ 9 T]MS ( ITS S]VICE OR DANG] AS A RHETORICAL WEAPON4 ,AS SOME?+ ?AT MI<T BE SLAPP$ ON A /ATEM5T TO MAKE IT A C]TA9 TYPE ( UNASSAILABLE4 

,IT %\LD ?US COME AS NO SURPRISE ?AT VIRTUALLY NONE ( ! MO/ PROM95T VOICES 9 ?IS DEBATE & RESULT+ COMM5T>Y HAVE BE5 SCI5TI/S !MSELVES 7NOT ?AT WE HAV5'T HAD /RONG OP9IONS74 ,& EV5 :5 ! 9T5TION ( ?OSE 9VOLV$ HAS BE5 GOOD -- LIKE F9D+ CLE> DEF9ITIONS ?AT GET EVOLUTION & GLOBAL W>M+ ACCEPT$ AS TRU?FUL BUT NOT HOMEOPA?Y -- ! ATTEMPTS 9V>IABLY TR5D GRE$Y 9 !IR PRAISE OR DISMISSAL4 ,EI!R WAY !Y (T5 5D UP CLAIM+ FIELDS LIKE PSY*OLOGY & ECONOMICS AS BE+ ( ! SAME PRIM>Y CATEGORY OR ESS5TIAL NATURE AS PHYSICS4 ,AT ! SAME TIME ALMO/ ALL ( !SE PHILOSOPH]S & DEMAGOGUES HAVE FELT ! NE$ TO HOBBLE SCI5CE LE/ IT GET TOO UPPITY & SAY MORE ?AN !Y WANT IT TO SAY4 ,!RE'S A WIDESPREAD & FREQU5TLY VOCALIZ$ FE> ( SCI5CE CEAS+ TO FUNCTION AS A HI<LY LIMIT$ TOOL & 9/EAD GETT+ UNLEA%$ AS AN ORI5TATION1 MOTIVATION1 OR DESIRE4 

,& SO WE GET ! SIMPLI/IC ,BACONIAN PICTURE TAU<T 9 HI< S*OOLS S9CE ! ,COLD ,W>3 ,:]E A LIMIT$ ME?ODOLOGY OR PROC$URALISM IS ALMO/ 5TIRELY DIVORC$ FROM CONTEXT OR ANALYSIS & HELD UP AS ! S+LE DEF9+ *>ACT]I/IC ( ,SCI5CE64 ,! ALMO/ 5TIRE PROCESS ( !ORY OR MODEL DEVELOPM5T & COMP>ISON IS H&WAV$ AWAY1 & ALL ?AT'S LEFT IS DATA COLLECTION & CALCULATION ( ]ROR B>S4 

,UND] ?IS REGIME SCI5CE IS -- AT LEA/ (FICIALLY -- LIMIT$ TO ! SMALLE/ ( 9DUCTIVE /EPS =W>D4 ,!RE IS NO SPACE = ANALYSIS OR MODELS ?AT REQUIRE A COMPLICAT$ HA%+ \T BE=E DATA COLLECTION4 ,! VA/ >RAY ( ANALYSIS ( PROBABILITIES1 BAYESIAN DEP5D5CIES1 CONTEXTUAL CONSID]ATIONS1 LIMITS1 ETC4 ?AT GOOD SCI5TI/S CRANK ?R\< -- OR ANY S]I\S COMP>ISON ( DIFF]+ MODELS1 P>ADIGMS OR L9ES ( 9VE/IGATION PRIOR TO DATA-COLLECTION -- IS WAV$ AWAY AS NOT REALLY CORE TO SCI5CE4 ,9 ! ME?ODOLOGY PICTURE A MIRACLE OCCURS :]EBY SOME >BITR>Y HYPO!SES EM]GE FULLY =M$ -- EA* MORE OR LESS AS A PRIORI GOOD AS ! NEXT4 ,!RE IS NO ROOM = NUANC$ CONTEXTUAL CONSID]ATIONS OR ! EXT5D$ DEVELOPM5T ( ANALYSIS ?AT DOES NOT IMM$IATELY (F] EXP]IM5TALLY FALSIFIABLE OR V]IFIABLE PR$ICTIONS1 NOR ANY EXPLICITLY PREF]R$ DIRECTION 9 ! W9N[+ D[N OR COMP>ISON ( SU* ANALYSIS4 ,ALL ?AT MATT]S IS ! DATA COLLECTION & EV]Y?+ ELSE IS ULTIMATELY TREAT$ AS A K9D ( H&WAVEY EXCUSE = IT4 0,SIGNALS0 >E !N F\ND1 BUT H[ FUNDAM5TAL !Y >E IS ANYONE'S GUESS4 ,9DE$1 AS AN EX]CISE1 IT CAN BE ILLU/RATIVE TO SURVEY ! NOTORI\SLY HORRID HEADL9ES ( POP SCI5CE & SEE H[ MANY TIMES PHRASES LIKE 0SCI5CE SAYS0 C\LD JU/ AS WELL BE REPLAC$ ) 0DATA SAYS40 

,?IS PREPO/]\SLY LIMIT$ MODEL ( SCI5CE OBVI\SLY P>ALLELS ! V>I\S CURR5TS ( PANOPTICON-ASPIRATION WE KN[ ALL TOO WELL TODAY1 BUT IT HAS ITS ROOTS 9 CLASSICAL IMP]IALISM -- NOT JU/ 9 ! OBVI\S NECESSITY ( TAK+ C5SUSES & MAPP+ %OREL9ES1 BUT 9 ! COMPETITIVE COLLECTION ( SUP]FICIAL 0CURIOSITIES0 BY ! UPP] CLASSES TO /R5G!N HI]>*IES AT HOME4 

,IT'S A SADLY UND]EMPHASIZ$ FACT ?AT ! >I/OCRACY PIONE]$ ASPECTS ( CONSUM]ISM LONG BE=E 9DU/RIALISM4 ,9 P>TICUL> MANY FIELDS ?AT CAME TO BE CONSID]$ 0SCI5CES0 9 ! #a#hS LIKE LEPIDOPT]Y W]E ORIG9ALLY LAUN*$ AS FIELDS ( CURIO COLLECT+ :]EBY MEMB]S ( ! >I/OCRACY HUNT$ D[N R>E ITEMS FROM >\ND ! WORLD & DISPLAY$ !M AS ONE MI<T TODAY DISPLAY A RECORD COLLECTION4 ,! KEY TO UND]/&+ ?IS DYNAMIC IS ?AT ANY?+ ) B>RI]S TO 5TRY & SC>CITIES CAN BE US$ AS CURR5CY TO PROP UP A HI]>*Y4 ,:5 ! ?+S WE MI<T O!RWISE VALUE BECOME LESS SC>CE ?OSE 9VE/$ 9 SOCIAL HI]>*Y ITSELF RESPOND BY CULTURALLY PROMOT+ ! VALU+ ( O!R SC>CE ?+S4 

,:5 -- AS IS COMMON 9 ! MOD]N ]A -- 9=MATION IS MADE ! SC>CE GOOD1 ! RESULT+ DATA COLLECTION OR G5]ATION ( L+O @& TAXONOMIES NE$ NOT B>E ANY REAL RELATION OR 9SI<T 9TO :AT TRUE UND]LY+ DYNAMICS >E 9VOLV$1 & CAN HAPPILY C\NT5ANCE ! MO/ SUP]FICIAL OR LIMIT$ MODELS4 

,! ,ROOTS ,( ,SCI5CE 

,! PROBLEM ) ID5TIFY+ SCI5CE 9 T]MS ( ALL ?IS IS ?AT DATA COLLECTION UNTO ITSELF DOESN'T REALLY SIGNIFY ANY CONCEPT OR DYNAMIC ( SUB/ANCE4 ,IT'S H>D TO REALI/ICALLY SPEAK ( !RE BE+ A PASSIONATE MOVEM5T OR CULTURE OR IDEOLOGY OR IDEALISM ( DATA COLLECTION4 ,& DATA COLLECTION IS NOT 9 ANY REAL S5SE DESCRIPTIVE ( :AT MOTIVAT$ ?OSE ORIG9AL SCI5TI/S EV]YONE ELSE APPROPRIAT$ FROM4 ,ANY OLD PILE ( DATA MI<T %[ H[ P>TICUL>S HAPP5 TO BE >RANG$1 BUT ALONE IT (F]S LITTLE 9SI<T 9TO H[ OR :Y4 ,SOME /ATI/ICAL ANALYSIS ON ?AT DATA MI<T MAKE = GOOD PR$ICTIONS1 BUT ONLY )9 A C]TA9 GIV5 CONTEXT1 :OSE B\NDS WE REMA9 5TIRELY IGNORANT (4 ,AT LEA/ )\T A S]I\S SORT ( ?\<TFULNESS1 ! CONT\RS ( :I* >E BLI!LY IGNOR$ BY ! ME?ODOLOGY TALE4 ,9CORRECT SURFACE-LEVEL IMPRESSIONS & MODELS MI<T WELL BE FALSIFIABLE1 V]IFIABLE1 ETC1 YET REMA9 UN*ALL5G$ \TSIDE A GIV5 CONTEXT2 H[ & :]E WE SE>* MATT]S4 ,AS DO \R MOTIVATIONS4 

,IT'S EASY TO APPLY ! TRAPP+ ( ! SCI5TIFIC ME?OD -- EV5 ! BROAD] DEF9ITIONS ( SCI5CE PROMOT$ BY MANY PHILOSOPH]S -- & 5D UP ) LITTLE 9 ! WAY ( DEEP 9SI<T4 ,9DE$ ?AT'S (T5 ! PO9T ( MU* ?AT ! /ICK] ( 0,SCI5CE60 IS SLAPP$ UPON3 TO MAP ! WORLD AS IT IS & HIDE H[ ELSE IT MI<T BE OR H[ IT MI<T *ANGE4 ,?OSE :O >E 9VE/$ 9 EXI/+ SY/EMS HAVE LITTLE 9T]E/ 9 MAPP+ ALT]NATE POSSIBILITIES4 ,& ?OSE PREOCCUPI$ ) !IR [N SITUAT$NESS HAVE LITTLE DESIRE TO LOOK BEYOND IT OR PRESS BEYOND ! EFFECTIVE REALM ( !IR UND]/&+4 

,?ANKFULLY \TSIDE A FEW C>ICATURES 9 SOME HIL>I\SLY DETA*$ PO/MOD]NI/ POLEMICS FEW PEOPLE WIDELY ACCEPT$ AS SCI5TI/S TODAY PURSUE DATA = DATA'S SAKE -- AS ! SORT ( CURR5CY OR FETI%IZ$ COMMODITY ?AT SO ATTRACTS >I/OCRATS1 BUREAUCRATS1 MIDDLE-MANAG]S1 & HIP/]S4 ,:AT MOTIVATES US IS TYPICALLY ! SE>* = DEEP] 9SI<TS & MODELS ?AT MI<T BE MADE CLE> -- TO HACK \R WAY ?R\< ! MUDDL$ *AOS ( FIR/ IMPRESSIONS1 9TUITIONS1 & NAIVE BELIEFS & F9D ! REAL UND]LY+ DYNAMICS ( A PH5OM5ON4 

,?IS /RONG1 P]SI/5T1 & NE>-UNI=M T5D5CY AMONG SCI5TI/S IS1 ,I W\LD >GUE1 A GOOD />T+ PO9T = SORT+ \T A CLE>] P]SPECTIVE ON ! :OLE AFFAIR4 

,SURE 0SCI5CE0 AS A T]M WAS *AMPION$ TO FACILITATE A DIS+5U\S BLURR+ & APPROPRIATION -- A CAMPAIGN ?AT CREAT$ A HAZY UMBRELLA ( USES 9 PRACTICE1 FILL$ ) MORE CONTRADICTIONS & T5SIONS ?AN ANY CLE> COMMONALITY -- BUT A GREAT DEAL ( %AK+-\T HAS OCCURR$ S9CE ! #a#hS4 ,& FUR!R MANY IMPORTANT TRAITS ( ?OSE ORIG9ALLY APPROPRIAT$ FROM HAVE BEGUN TO BE 9T]NALIZ$ BY ! APPROPRIATORS4 ,NOT 5\<1 OBVI\SLY -- ! J\RNALS ( M$IC9E & ! SOCIAL SCI5CES >E /ILL 9FAM\SLY RAMPANT ) IRREPRODUCIBLE CRAP -- BUT 5\< TO W>RANT NOTICE4 ,9 NO SMALL P>T BECAUSE !RE REALLY WAS A UNIFY+ T5D5CY 9 ! FIELDS EV]YONE ELSE S\<T TO /EAL LEGITIMACY FROM4 ,SOME?+ DEEP] ?AN A M]E TACTIC OR PROC$URE4 

,FEW W\LD D5Y PHYSICI/S >E LOCAT$ AT ! DEAD C5T] ( :ATEV] 'SCI5CE' SUPPOS$LY IS4 7,WELL OKAY1 ! MO/ ABSURD APPROPRIATORS LIKE ,M>Y ,BAK] ,$DY & ,AUGU/E ,COMTE EV5TUALLY DID1 BUT !IR CLAIMS HAVE F>$ POORLY AT UND]M9+ ! HI/ORICAL C5TRALITY ( PHYSICS47 ,& YET PHYSICS IS ALSO AT ! C5T] ( A WIDE & DEEP TRADITION )9 SCI5CE ?AT IS NOT MOTIVAT$ BY %ALL[ DATA COLLECTION & LABEL+ BUT BY GETT+ TO ! ROOTS4 ,H5CE PHYSICI/S' UNI=M FRU/RATION T[>DS PEOPLE ATTEMPT+ TO D]IVE G5]AL RULES FROM SURFACE DATA ON COMPLEX SY/EMS4 ,& \R FURY HI/ORICALLY AT PSU$OSCI5CES LIKE PHR5OLOGY ?AT ! RE/ ( ! WORLD HAPPILY ACCEPT$ AS SCI5CE4 ,]NE/ ,RU!R=D'S FAM\S CRY ?AT 0,ALL SCI5CE IS EI!R PHYSICS OR /AMP COLLECT+60 >OSE DEEPLY EMB$D$ 9 ?IS CONTEXT4 

,\R FAM$ 0>ROGANCE0 9 ?IS MATT] IS BETT] UND]/OOD AS AN ANNOYANCE AT ! LACK ( HUMILITY OR DILIG5CE ON ! P>T ( ?OSE MAK+ SU* SWEEP+ /ATEM5TS AB\T MACROSCOPIC AGGREGATE SY/EMS LIKE HUMAN BE+S4 ,9 PRACTICE 0POLITICAL SCI5CE0 & ! LIKE HAVE (T5 FUNCTION$ LIKE C>GO CULT PHYSICS1 & MU* ( ! LIT]ATURE ( SOCIAL SCI5CE & BIOLOGY HAS REMA9$ 9 A CONT9U+ CRISIS AS A DIRECT RESULT ( !IR FAILURE TO DOGG$LY LOOK = DEEP] ROOT DYNAMICS & 9/EAD JU/ CATALOG SURFACE IMPRESSIONS4 ,NOT TO M5TION !IR CORRUPTION BY ECONOMIC 9T]E/S SEEK+ TO D]IVE USEFUL TOOLS OR ACTIONABLE PRESCRIPTIONS1 PRESSUR+ !M TO BEHAVE AS TE*NOLOGI/S OR 5G9E]S RA!R ?AN 9QUIR]S4 ,& SO WE SEE )9 !SE BROK5 FIELDS AN ATTA*M5T TO ! SCI5TIFIC ME?OD1 RA!R ?AN TO :AT ,I W\LD T]M ! HE>T ( SCI5CE4 ,:5 Y\ DON'T ACTUALLY REALLY KN[ :Y & H[ SOME?+ WORKS1 JU/ ?AT IT 9 A C]TA9 CONTEXT DOES -- OR K9DA DOES -- FROM A BUN* ( DATA1 Y\ DON'T HAVE SCI5TIFIC KN[L$GE SO MU* AS M]E EMPIRICAL KN[L$GE4 

,( C\RSE !RE'S C]TA9LY SPACE = SPEAK+ SUB/ANTIVELY AB\T MESSY AB/RACTIONS LIKE HUMANS & HUMAN SOCIAL RELATIONS1 & DATA COLLECTION CAN ( C\RSE FACILITATE ?IS4 ,BUT ! FREQU5T LACK ( HUMILITY 9 ! SOCIAL SCI5CES @& *UNKS ( BIOLOGY-- ! LACK ( ANY HONE/ APPRECIATION & ACC\NTABILITY = JU/ H[ 9SANELY HAZY & ATT5UAT$ MO/ ( IT IS1 (T5 DEAL+ 5TIRELY 9 IMM$IATE SURFACE IMPRESSIONS -- REMA9S />K4 ,:ILE ?+S HAVE C]TA9LY GOTT5 BETT] AS ! RIGOR ( PHYSICS & ! LIKE HAS LEE*$ \T 79 P>TICUL> SEE ,SCOTT ,ALEX&]'S IMPASSION$ DEF5SES ( MOD]N PSY*IATRY & NUTRITION71 SIGNIFICANT CURR5TS )9 !SE FIELDS REMA9 HAPPY TO SPECULATE 9 %ALL[ T]MS & COLLECT DATA )\T ANY DILIG5T ROOT-SEEK+ OR EXPLICIT RECOGNITION ( H[ T5U\S & OV]LY-SIMPLE !IR HYPO!SES >E LIKELY TO BE4 

,DIGG+ ,= ,! ,ROOTS 

,! FACT ( ! MATT] IS ?AT ! REM>KABLY SUCCESSFUL PH5OM5ON ?AT ! T]M 0,SCI5CE60 HAS WRAPP$ ITSELF >\ND IS NOT SO MU* A ME?ODOLOGY AS AN ORI5TATION4 ,:AT WAS REALLY GO+ ON1 :AT IS /ILL GO+ ON 9 SCI5CE ?AT HAS GIV5 IT SO MANY GREAT 9SI<TS IS ! RADICALISM ( SCI5TI/S1 ?AT IS TO SAY !IR VIGILANT PURSUIT AFT] ! ROOTS 7OR 'RADIS'74 ,RADICALS CON/ANTLY PU% \R P]SPECTIVES 9TO EXTREME OR ALI5 CONTEXTS UNTIL !Y BREAK OR BECOME LITT]$ ) UNWIELDY COMPLICATIONS1 & :5 SU* OCCURS WE >E HAPPY TO %$ (F ! HI/ORICAL BAGGAGE 5TIRELY & />T ANEW4 ,TO NOT JU/ ADD CAVEATS UPON CAVEATS TO AN EXI/+ MODEL BUT TO SOMETIMES PRUNE !M AWAY OR ?R[ IT ALL \T 5TIRELY4 ,\RS IS ! SE>* = PATT]NS & SYMMETRIES ?AT MI<T REFLECT MORE UNIV]SAL DYNAMICS RA!R ?AN M]ELY GOOD RULES ( ?UMB )9 A SPECIFIC LIMIT$ CONTEXT4 ,AS ANY RADICAL KN[S 0GOOD 5\<0 IS NEV] ACTUALLY 5\<4 

,TO BE SURE !RE >E NATURALLY GO+ TO BE C]TA9 TACTICS & /RATEGIES ?AT >E G5]ALLY QUITE USEFUL 9 SU* PURSUIT -- SOME 9 V]Y DEEP & 9ESCAPABLE WAYS -- BUT NEV] ANY S+LE MAGICALLY SIMPLE & ALWAYS EFFICI5T PROC$URE OR ME?ODOLOGY4 

,KUHN & ,FEY]AB5D PO9T$ \T HALF A C5TURY AGO ?AT NO SIMPLE SET ( RULES ( PROC$URE C\LD EXPLA9 NUM]\S IMPORTANT 9/ANCES 9 ! ACTUAL HI/ORY ( SCI5TIFIC DISCOV]Y4 ,GALILEO'S HELIOC5TRIC MODEL = EXAMPLE WAS AMONG O!R FAIL+S EASILY & IMM$IATELY FALSIFI$ BY ! A/RONOMICAL DATA ( ! TIME4 ,ITS GREAT] PULL LAY NOT 9 P]FECTLY MAT*+ ! DATA1 BUT 9 AN UND]LY+ CONCEPTUAL CRITIQUE ( ! >BITR>9ESS ( ! P]PETUALLY ADD$ CIRCLES-)9-CIRCLES NECESS>Y TO PROP UP A GEOC5TRIC MODEL4 ,?AT'S A MEAN+FUL CRITIQUE 9 T]MS ( ! FREE P>AMET]S & KOLMOGOROV COMPLEXITY1 BUT IT'S NOT R$UCIBLE TO A SIMPLE & UNIV]SALLY VALID PROC$URE OR TACTIC4 

,SCI5CE1 9 %ORT1 IS NOT JU/ M]E EMPIRICISM1 NOT M]ELY COLLECT+ DATA & DO+ /ATI/ICS4 ,SCI5CE MO/ CRITICALLY 9VOLVES AN EXPLORATION ( POSSIBLE MODELS1 !IR DEP5D5CIES1 & ! MANY POSSIBLE VECTORS BY :I* !Y MI<T BE W9N[$ D[N1 ALL 9 SE>* = ! DEEPE/ ROOTS4 ,! MO/ UNIV]SAL SYMMETRIES1 MO/ UNIQUE PATT]NS & ATTRACTORS 9 ! RELATIONS ( A SY/EM4 ,?OSE (T5 HIDD5 BUT LEA/ MOV+ F\NDATIONS FROM :I* EV]Y?+ ELSE 9 ALL ITS GR& COMPLEXITY CAN BE GR[N4 ,\R PROB+S >E NOT R&OMLY DIRECT$1 WE PULL & TUG ON \R MODELS1 SEE :AT DOESN'T %IFT AB\T1 & RE-FOCUS \R EF=TS ON IT DIRECTLY4 

,SO = EXAMPLE !ORIES ?AT HAVE 9T]NAL LOGICAL 9CONSI/5CIES >5'T NECESS>ILY DISMISS$ ABSOLUTELY BUT !Y DO GET FOCUS$ ON F> LESS BECAUSE SU* A *>ACT]I/IC 79CONSI/5CY7 IS NOT R>E AMONG POSSIBLE !ORIES3 !RE >E 9F9ITELY MORE POSSIBLE 9COH]5T !ORIES ?AN POSSIBLE COH]5T !ORIES4 ,9COH]5CY 9 A !ORY PROVIDES A LOT ( FLEXIBILITY -- QUITE A BIT ( FRE$OM TO WRIGGLE IT AB\T4 ,SOMETIMES UPON 9VE/IGATION ! 9CONSI/5T !ORY WILL 5TIRELY UNRAVEL1 A PHANTOM TEMPOR>Y KNOT1 NOT ACTUALLY A DEEP ROOT4 ,BUT SOMETIMES ! 9CONSI/5CY WILL TURN \T TO BE PAT*ABLE IF WE GIVE ! !ORY SOME MORE ATT5TION4 

,SIMIL>LY -- 9 A MORE PRACTICAL DIRECTION -- IF AN EXPANSE ( !ORIES UND] CONSID]ATION PR$ICT ?AT IT'S 9F9ITELY MORE LIKELY ?AT ALL \R MEMORIES >E LIES & WE WILL CEASE TO EXI/ 9 ANO!R 9/ANT1 WE CAN 9 SOME S5SE AB&ON SU* !ORIES4 ,?AT'S AN ABSOLUTELY REAL EXAMPLE BY ! WAY4 ,!RE >E C]TA9 7O!RWISE P]FECTLY EMPIRICALLY VALID MODELS7 POSSIBLE 9 P>TICLE PHYSICS :]E9 IT JU/ SO HAPP5S ?AT AS A CONSEQU5CE ( A POSSIBLE MODEL 7) P>TICUL> FIELD /R5G?S1 A GEOMETRY ( SPACETIME1 ETC7 IT'D BE 9F9ITELY MORE LIKELY = A B[L ( PETUNIAS OR A HUMAN BRA9 ) ALL ( Y\R MEMORIES ETC TO BE SPONTANE\SLY G5]AT$ \T ( ! QUANTUM VACUUM AT SOME PO9T 9 ! 9F9ITE HI/ORY ( ! UNIV]SE ?AN = A BRA9 ) Y\R MEMORIES_/FEEL+S_/ETC TO >ISE 9 ! CAUSAL FA%ION ?OSE MEMORIES & FEEL+S W\LD SUGGE/4 ,?IS R$UCTIO AD ABSURDUM IS CALL$ 0,BOLTZMANN ,BRA9S0 & IT'S 5GAG$ ) QUITE S]I\SLY & RIGOR\SLY4 ,IT MAY WELL BE ?AT Y\ HAVE NEV] EXI/$ BE=E ?IS MOM5T & WILL NEV] EXI/ AFT] IT1 BUT IF SO !RE'S NO CONSEQU5CE TO ATTEMPT+ TO SP5D TIME MODEL+ ?AT REALITY OR ?9K+ 9 ANY DIRECTION REALLY4 ,ALL DESIRES OR MOTIVATIONS A M9D MI<T HAVE W\LD 9/ANTLY DEAD-5D 9 ?AT REALITY4 ,?US WE CONSCI\SLY M>K (F ?OSE POSSIBLE PHYSICS MODELS ?AT IMPLY SU* AS 0NOT WOR? DWELL+ ON01 9VE/ \R ATT5TION 9 O!R POSSIBLE MODELS1 & CALL A !ORY A C]TA9 TYPE ( 'FAIL$' :5 IT 5DS UP PR$ICT+ ?AT Y\'RE 9F9ITELY MORE LIKELY TO BE A ,BOLTZMANN ,BRA9 ?AN A REGUL> ONE 9 A REGUL> UNIV]SE4 ,BUT WE >E EXPLICIT AB\T ?AT /EP1 & ?IS IS :AT M>KS SCI5TIFIC KN[L$GE3 NOT A CLAIM AB\T A S+LE TRUE MODEL1 BUT RA!R AN UND]/&+ ( V>Y+ POSSIBILITIES & !IR DEP5D5CIES4 

,! ATOMI/ FRAMEWORK1 = 9/ANCE1 BORE A LOT ( FRUIT & SO WE S\<T TO PU% IT AS F> AS IT C\LD GO4 ,& YET 9 FIELD !ORY & /R+ !ORY C]TA9 DUALITIES MAKE 0FUNDAM5TAL ELEM5TS0 UNCLE> -- :5 TWO DIFF]5T REPRES5TATIONS >E EXACTLY EQUIVAL5T TO EA* O!R 9 RESULTS WE >GUABLY CAN'T SPEAK AS TO :I* IS ! 0CORRECT0 PORTRAIT4 ,! N\NS WE'VE WRAPP$ AS METAPHORS >\ND ! MA!MATICAL RELATION%IP FALL %ORT 9 !IR DESCRIPTION -- !SE CAN BE EI!R REVEAL A R$UNDANCY 9 \R METAPHORICAL DESCRIPTION OR A LIMIT TO \R EXP]IM5TAL CAPACITY4 ,BUT ! FUNDAM5TAL RELATIONS ?AT DUALITY UNCOV]S IS CLE> AS DAY4 ,?IS REQUIRES A NUANCE BETWE5 :AT ! PUBLIC VIEWS AS 'R$UCTIONISM' & :AT MANY R$UCTIONI/S VIEW IT AS4 ,! R$UCTIONISM ( SCI5TI/S IS NOT A C>ICATURE ( ATOMISM :]E ALL SIMPLIFI$ MACROSCOPIC LAY]S ( AB/RACTION1 9TUITION OR PRACTICAL USE >E 5TIRELY ]AS$4 ,AFT] ALL HAV+ ! WORD 0F+]0 DOESN'T 9VALIDATE \R USE ( 0H&0 BUT IT DOES HELP US REMEMB] ?AT !RE'S NO MAGICAL EM]G5T PLATONIC 0H&NESS0 RESI/+ OR OR*E/RAT+ ! EXI/5CE ( F+]S -- IT'S JU/ USEFUL TO HAVE LANGUAGE = DIFF]+ CONTEXTS OR SCALES ( AB/RACTION4 ,SIMIL>LY ! OBJECTIVE ( R$UCTIONISM IS NOT TO BREAK EV]Y?+ 9TO N\NI%-PIECES OR TO SIMPLIFY AWAY COMPLEXITY1 BUT TO UNE>? FUNDAM5TAL RELATIONS_/PATT]NS FROM :I* EV]Y?+ ELSE CAN BE GR[N4 ,:E!R = 9/ANCE !SE PATT]NS TAKE ! =M ( P>TICLES1 FIELDS OR ?+S LIKE SYMMETRY RELATIONS4 

7,9CID5TALLY ?IS IS (T REPEAT$ 9 MY CIRCLES BUT IT REALLY IS A GODDAMN CRY+ %AME ?AT FEW \TSIDE ( PHYSICS HAVE ANY CLUE JU/ H[ DRAMATICALLY ,EMMY ,NOE!R AFFECT$ \R FIELD4 ,\TSID]S TALK ( ,NEWTONIAN & ,E9/E9IAN P>ADIGMS1 BUT ! MORE REF9$ ,NOE!RIAN P>ADIGM ( ! UNIV]SE AS A BUNDLE ( SYMMETRY RELATIONS HAS RUL$ PHYSICS = ALMO/ A C5TURY4 ,?IS 9JU/ICE TO ONE ( ! GREATE/ MA!MATICIANS ( ALL TIME IS C]TA9LY A RESULT ( PATRI>*Y BUT ALSO P>TIALLY A MATT] ( H[ MU* H>D] H] 9SI<T IS TO EXPLA9 TO A G5]AL PUBLIC ?AT HAS1 ?R\< A TYRANNICAL1 ALI5AT+ & DEEPLY ANTI-SCI5CE $UCATION SY/EM1 BE5 D5I$ FAMILI>ITY ) EV5 BASIC CALCULUS47 

,IT'S LUDICR\S TO ASSUME ?AT A S+LE HAMM]1 A S+LE OBTUSE /RATEGY ( %>PLY LIMIT$ META-COMPLEXITY W\LD BE CAPABLE ( 5TIRELY MAPP+ ! /RUCTURE ( \R REALITY MU* LESS N>R[+ D[N FUNDAM5TAL ROOTS4 ,!RE WILL ( C\RSE BE COMPLICATIONS TO \R SE>* -- ?+S LIKE ! ,BOLTZMANN ,BRA9S -- ?AT WE MU/ TAKE 9TO CONSID]ATION 9 ORD] TO DO SCI5CE ) ANY EFFICI5CY4 ,BUT ?OSE :O WANT TO SOMEH[ CONSIGN SCI5CE TO EMPIRICISM ALONE DO SO TO >TIFICIALLY PRES]VE !IR [N DOMA9S FROM CONTACT ) ! SCI5TIFIC DRIVE1 FROM EXPLICITNESS & ANALYTICAL RIGOR 9 MAPP+ ! PROBABILITIES & DEP5D5CIES ( DIFF]5T POSSIBILITIES4 

,?AT IS NOT TO SAY ?AT ?AT EXP]IM5TATION1 FALSIFIABILITY1 V]IFIABILITY1 ETC1 DON'T PLAY QUITE IMPORTANT ROLES 9 PRACTICE1 BUT RA!R ?AT !Y %\LD BE REPOSITION$ 9 \R LANGUAGE AS /RATEGIES WE'VE DEVELOP$ OR COME TO RECOGNIZE AS HI<LY USEFUL 9 PURSUIT ( SCI5CE4 

,! PHYSICI/ APPROA* -- SE5 TO V>I\S DEGREES 9 O!R FIELDS -- TO SPEAK EXPLICITLY 9 T]MS ( :AT GIVES RISE TO ! PLAUSIBILITY ( A MODEL OR RESE>* BRAN* R>ELY BO!RS ) ! C>TOONI% NOTION ( /EPS & LAWS TAU<T 9 HI< S*OOLS4 ,PHYSICI/S 5JOY AN EXCUSE TO HAVE A GO AT ! /RONGE/ ABSOLUTES LIKE 5TROPY OR ! SPE$ ( LI<T4 ,WE JU/ KEEP 9 M9D ! COMPLETE *A9 ( ?+S IMPLY+ !M4 ,& SO :ILE A FEW HAVE FUN GO+ (F & PUBLI%+ SOME 0LET'S *UCK HALF ( EV]Y?+ WE KN[ & TRY OV] 9 ?IS DIRECTION0 PAP]S1 EV5 !Y KN[ IT'S UNBELIEVABLY MORE LIKELY AN EXP]IM5TAL RESULT 9DICAT+ A VIOLATION ( ! SPE$ ( LI<T REFLECTS A HIDD5 WIR+ PROBLEM 9 ! EXP]IM5TAL APP>ATUS ?AN A TRUE VIOLATION ( SPECIAL RELATIVITY4 ,ONE CAN FRAME ?IS 9 T]MS ( 9DUCTION1 AS 0NO P>TICLE YET OBS]V$ HAS GONE FA/] ?AN C01 BUT ?AT'S NOT REMOTELY CLOSE TO H[ ! >GUM5TS GO D[N 9 PRACTICE :I* TAKE 9TO ACC\NT ! ROOT COMPLEXITY ( V>I\S MODELS1 !IR MANY META-DIM5SION$ BAYESIAN DEP5D5CIES1 ETC4 

,?IS MI<T BE ?\<T ( AS A K9D ( ,FEY]AB5D ,P>T ,I,I4 ,YES1 'ANY?+ GOES'1 BUT TO V>Y+ DEGREES4 ,9 WAYS DEEPLY DEP5D5T UPON CONTEXT4 ,/ATI/ICALLY SPEAK+ !RE'S A /RONG 9CL9ATION TO C]TA9 /RATEGIES & TACTICS1 & ?AT'S GOOD4 ,?AT'S BECAUSE ! RADICAL IMPULSE ( SCI5CE IS GR\ND$ 9 BAYESIAN LE>N+1 AN OPTIMAL APPROA* IT TURNS \T \R NEURAL NETWORKS ALSO FOLL[ AT ! SMALLE/ LEVEL4 ,AS 9 ANY BAYESIAN SY/EM COMP>ISONS BETWE5 MODELS >E NOT >BITR>Y DECISIONS HIDD5 BEH9D A VEIL ( SUBJECTIVITY AB\T :I* WE CAN SAY NO?+4 ,EXAM9+ META-DECISIONS DOES NOT OBLIGE SUDD5LY ?R[+ UP ONE'S H&S & ALL[+ *>LATANS FREE REIGN TO CLAIM ANY?+ AB\T GLOBAL W>M+2 WE CAN /ILL TRACE EV]Y?+1 \R 5TIRE NETWORK ( ASSUMPTIONS & WEI<T+S1 OR RELATIONS4 ,:AT DEF9ES SCI5CE -- OR RA!R :AT IS ! S+LE MO/ IMPORTANT & FUNDAM5TAL DYNAMIC ( NOTE )9 ! HAZY CLU/] ( %IT CALL$ 0SCI5CE0 -- IS NOT SO MU* ! /RATEGIES & MODELS IT HAS ACCUMULAT$ AT ANY META-LEVEL BUT ! GOAL ( ROOT-PURSU+1 A DRIVE ?AT HA%ES ?R\< ! 9F9ITE POSSIBLE CONFIGURATION SPACE & GRAVITATES T[>DS A S+LE LOCUS1 OR SOMETIMES M]ELY TO MORE UNIQUE REGIONS OR SETS ( LOCI4 

,ONE MI<T APPROA* ?IS LOOK+ = TRADITIONAL PHILOSOPHICAL CLAIMS1 & SAY ?AT SU* AN ORI5TATION ASSUMES ! EXI/5CE ( UNIV]SAL PATT]NS & ?US IS MAK+ A TRU? CLAIM AB\T REALITY BE+ CONSI/5T1 BUT ,I ?9K ! ORI5TATION IS BETT] /AT$ AS AN EM]G5T L9E ( EXPLORATION4 

,IF !RE >E LIT]ALLY NO UNIV]SAL CONSI/5CIES !N PATT]N SE>*+ IS USELESS BECAUSE !RE CANNOT EV5 BE LOCAL CONSI/5CIES4 ,TO GIVE AN IMPRESSION ( H[ ?IS WORKS CONSID] IF #a"4#a"7#b WAS ONLY LOCAL TO SOME NEI<BORHOOD3 ,!N Y\ C\LD CONT9U\SLY TRANS=M TO SOME O!R NEI<BORHOOD :]E #a"4#a"70DUCK0 & !N TRANS=M BACK4 ,IF ! TRANS=MS >E ALWAYS P]FECT PULLBACKS SU* ?AT #a"4#a CONT9UES TO EQUAL #b UPON RETURN+ LOCALLY !N Y\'VE EXPOS$ A UNIV]SAL CONSI/5CY ON SOME META LEVEL ?AT HAS /RUCTURE4 ,IF NOT !N LOCAL CONSI/5CY DISSOLVES 5TIRELY4 7,9 G5]AL ,I ABHOR M]E >I?METIC EXAMPLES AS VIOL5TLY MISREPRES5T+ ! NATURE ( MA!MATICS & IMPLICITLY BUNDL+ 9 C]TA9 PHILOSOPHIES ( MA!MATICS2 0#a"4#a"7#b0 %\LD BE READ AS S]V+ 9 ?IS CONTEXT ONLY AS A LOOSE & POPUL>LY ACCESSIBLE METAPHOR = SOME MANN] ( LOCAL CONSI/5CY47 ,MY PO9T IS ?AT CONSI/5CY OR LACK-(-CONSI/5CY 9 ?\<T IS ULTIMATELY RADICALLY 9FECTI\S2 !RE IS NO MIDDLE GR\ND4 ,UPON ANY MOTION ?+S EI!R COLLAPSE 9 ONE DIRECTION OR ! O!R4 ,& S9CE ALL 9T5TIONAL ACTION EXPLICITLY REQUIRES AN ASSUMPTION ( SOME LEVEL ( CONSI/5CY1 IT IMPLICITLY ASSUMES A UNIV]SAL CONSI/5CY -- REG>DLESS ( :E!R OR NOT ! AG5T HAS FULL ACCESS TO ITS NATURE4 

,WE CAN1 9 A C]TA9 TRIVIAL S5SE1 NEV] KN[ ANY?+ TRULY -- 9 AN A PRIORI S5SE4 ,EV5 ,DESC>TES' 'COGITO ]GO SUM' PROVIDES NO FIRM GR\ND4 ,! QUALIA ( ! ACT ( ?\<T IS 9 MANY SUB/ANTIVE RESPECTS SUSPECT2 EV]Y WAY WE MI<T FRAME IT IS LAD5 ) BAGGAGE ( ASSUMPTIONS4 ,! =MATION ( CONSCI\S N>RATIVE IS ITSELF AN AB/RACTION ?AT FAILS AT PO9TS & DISSOLVES UND] EXAM9ATION4 ,EV5 ! RECURSIVE KN[L$GE ( ! MOTION ( \R [N ?\<TS & SELF-EXP]I5CE DOESN'T HAPP5 9/ANTANE\SLY1 & REQUIRES AN ASSUMPTION ?AT \R MEMORY OR /ATE ( M9D AN 9/ANT PRIOR 9 ! LOOP ( RECURSION IS REAL4 ,!RE IS NO W9N+ EPI/EMOLOGY4 ,:AT WE CAN DO IS ID5TIFY PATT]NS1 MAKE MODELS ( DEP5D5CIES4 

,SCI5CE 9 NO WAY CONDEMNS PO/ULAT+ \TSIDE ! ASSUMPTIONS ?AT ! 0EXT]NAL0 WORLD IS REAL1 ?AT NATURE REALLY IS UNI=M1 ETC4 ,RA!R SCI5TIFIC OR RADICAL ?9K+ V]Y QUICKLY NOTES JU/ H[ MU* ( A =MLESS UN9T]E/+ >BITR>Y MUCK HAPP5S BEYOND ?OSE ASSUMPTIONS4 ,AS ) ! ,BOLTZMANN ,BRA9S WE PUT UP A SIGN & MOVE ON4 

,SIMIL>LY ! 'PROBLEM' ( 9DUCTION IS ONLY A PROBLEM IF Y\ >E 9T]E/$ 9 /AT+ ?+S AS ?\< !Y W]E LAWS RA!R ?AN SYMMETRIES1 'ABSOLUTE TRU?S' RA!R ?AN PATT]NS4 ,WE DON'T HAVE TO MAKE ?AT JUMP TO DO SCI5CE4 ,IT'S A FA9T DI/9CTION1 BUT ONE ?AT REVEALS MANY CONFUSIONS ?AT PLAGUE PHILOSOPHY ( SCI5CE4 ,! DIFF]5CE IS 9T5T3 BETWE5 UND]/&+_/MODEL+ A REALITY & A*IEV+ AN 5DS4 ,SCI5CE'S GOAL IS NOT SO MU* TO BE USEFUL AS TO GIVE A MAP ( MORE UNIQUE1 SIMPLE BUT DESCRIPTIVE1 ACC\NTS ( REALITY4 ,WE MAY HAPPILY M>K (F SOME ( ?OSE ACC\NTS AS NOT USEFUL BUT SCI5CE RETA9S ?OSE ACC\NTS4 ,& IF MULTIPLE !ORIES ( SIMIL> COMPLEXITY & >BITR>9ESS GIVE ID5TICAL PR$ICTIONS OR NO PR$ICTIONS !N !Y >E ( LESS 9T]E/ ?AN ! !ORY ?AT GIVES ! SAME PR$ICTIONS BUT D]IVES SU* FROM SIMPL] ROOTS1 ) LESS >BITR>9ESS4 

,AN ,>TIFICIAL ,DI/9CTION 

,I HAV5'T BE5 MAK+ ANY REAL DI/9CTION SO F> BETWE5 MA!MATICS & ! SCI5CES1 & ! ABOVE DESCRIPTION ( SCI5CE AS RADICALISM OBVI\SLY PLACES MA!MATICS AS A SCI5CE4 ,?IS FITS ! HI/ORICAL >C :]E 0SCI5CE0 WAS ADOPT$ TO MORE WIDELY APPROPRIATE ! PRE/IGE ( ADVANCES 9 PHYSICS & MA!MATICS1 BUT ! SAGA GOES BACK FUR!R4 ,! NOTION ( A DI/9CTION BETWE5 PHYSICS & MA!MATICS HAS ALWAYS BE5 RA!R LUDICR\S & HAS P]SI/$ 9 ! WE/ MO/LY AS AN >TIFACT ( ,GREEK MY/ICISM & ,*RI/IAN !OLOGY4 ,9 FACT ?IS MI/AK5 DEEP DIVISION BETWE5 ! SUPPOS$LY 0A PRIORI0 PATT]NS ( MA? & ! A PO/]IORI PATT]NS ( PHYSICS IS >GUABLY P>TIALLY RESPONSIBLE = ! G5]AL P>ALYZES ( SCI5CE 9 ,EUROPE = OV] A ?\S& YE>S UNTIL ,NEWTON & ,LEIBNITZ GOT AUDACI\S 5\< TO *ALL5GE IT4 ,! GREAT ADVANCES ( MA? & PHYSICS ?AT />T$ 9 !IR ]A ON W]E 9 NO SMALL P>T TI$ TO ! BLURR+ ( ! TWO 9TO A S+LE TRADITION ( DILIG5T RADICAL 9QUIRY4 

,YET 9 ! GREAT ACADEMIC RE%UFFL+ & SWEEP+ APPROPRIATIONS ( ! N9ETE5? C5TURY MA!MATICS WAS RA!R QUIETLY PU%$ \T ( ! NE/ :ILE PHYSICS WAS KEPT4 ,! BROK5 LANGUAGE ?AT HAS RESULT$ CONT9UALLY MAKES = V]Y FRU/RAT+ CONV]SATIONS4 ,ONE P]SON DECL>ES ?AT OBVI\SLY MA!MATICS IS A SCI5CE BECAUSE IT 9VOLVES VIGOR\S MODEL+ & PURSUIT ( ELEGANT FUNDAM5TALS 79 %ORT1 BECAUSE IT'S RADICAL74 ,:]EAS ! O!R P]SON DECL>ES ?AT OBVI\SLY MA? IS P>T ( ! HUMANITIES AS IT IS NOT GR\ND$ 9 EMPIRICAL EXP]IM5TATION 09 ! PHYSICAL WORLD40 

,BUT ( C\RSE \R BRA9S >E P>T ( ! PHYSICAL WORLD4 ,EXPLORATION ( ALL POSSIBLE !ORIES ( =MAL PATT]NS COMPREH5SIBLE TO HUMANS IS ITSELF A =M ( EXP]IM5TATION -- ESS5TIALLY A =M ( EXP]IM5TAL COMPUT] SCI5CE -- & DATA COLLECT$ FROM SU* EXPLORATION IS WIDELY TAK5 AS MEAN+FUL PRO(4 ,MA!MATICIANS = 9/ANCE PROBE PROBLEMS ( COMPUTATIONAL COMPLEXITY & ! META PATT]NS TO H[ !SE EXPLORATIONS HAVE TURN$ \T HAS BE5 TAK5 AS /RONG EVID5CE ( ! COMPLEXITY CLASSES & ! 9COLLAPSIBILITY ( ! POLYNOMIAL HI]>*Y4 ,?IS IS P]FECTLY REASONABLE BAYESIAN 9F]5CE1 BUT IT (T5 %OCKS & (F5DS ?OSE \TSIDE MA? & ! O!R H>D SCI5CES :O'VE ACCUMULAT$ A V]Y LIMIT$ NOTION ( :AT CAN CON/ITUTE EVID5CE4 

,& IT'S WOR? PO9T+ \T ?AT PHYSICI/S HAVE ALWAYS TAK5 DO+ MA? TO BE BO? A VALID REALM ( EXP]IM5TATION & ! TW9 DISCIPL9E ( PHYSICS4 ,V4,I4 ,>NOLD SAID IT BE/3 0,MA!MATICS IS ! P>T ( PHYSICS :]E EXP]IM5TS >E *EAP40 ,9 FACT ! BIGGE/ DISCOV]IES 9 PHYSICS HAVE (T5 BE5 MA!MATICAL RE=MULATIONS ( EXI/+ KN[L$GE1 FROM ACTION PR9CIPLES TO SYMMETRY RELATIONS TO MOD]N !RMODYNAMICS4 ,PHYSICS (T5 9VOLVES MOM5T\S DISCOV]IES ?AT >E NOT A PR$ICTION ( EMPIRICAL DATA1 BUT A RE/RUCTUR+ ( H[ TO CON/RUCT MODELS4 ,9DE$ ! LA/ C\PLE DECADES HAVE RAPIDLY DISSOLV$ :ATEV] L9ES HAD BE5 DRAWN BETWE5 MA!MATICS1 COMPUT] SCI5CE1 & PHYSICS4 ,!SE SOME:AT SEP>ATE ACADEMIC COMMUNITIES >E /ILL REEL+ FROM ! =CE ( DRAMATIC REVEAL AFT] DRAMATIC REVEAL4 ,IT'S BE5 H>D = MANY BL9DSID$ SPECIALI/S TO EAT HUMBLE PIE BUT !RE'S N[ A WIDESPREAD AW>5ESS ?AT ! ?REE FIELDS WILL HAVE TO BECOME DEEPLY 9T]WOV5 IF NOT ALTOGE!R 9DI/+UI%ABLE 9 ! FUTURE4 

,:ILE !RE >E C]TA9LY PURI/ TRADITIONS )9 MA!MATICS CL++ TO ! SORT ( ,DIOPHANT9E WORK 9 ! TRADITION ( ! ,GREEKS & MAK+ SNIDE REM>KS AB\T CALCULUS1 IT'S EV5 UNCLE> :AT C\LD POSSIBLY CON/ITUTE A TRULY 0PURE0 MA? AS !RE >E UNLIMIT$ POSSIBLE =MALISMS OR MODELS ONE CAN WORK )4 ,! 9ESCAPABLE FACT ( ! MATT] IS ?AT ! V>I\S UND]LY+ F\NDATIONS WE'VE GRAVITAT$ T[>DS *OOS+ 7LIKE ,Z,F,C ,SET ,!ORY OR ! 9CREAS+LY POPUL> ,HOMOLOGY ,TYPE ,!ORY7 >E *OS5 BECAUSE ! MODELS !Y G5]ATE >E BETT] AT 9TEGRAT+ ) \R EXP]I5CES ( ! WORLD4 

,:5 ,JOHN ,PRESKILL SAID ?AT1 0,I FAVOR ! VIEW ?AT ',MA!MATICS IS ,PHYSICS' OV] ',PHYSICS IS ,MA!MATICS'10 HE WAS EXPRESS+ A RELATIVELY COMMON P]SPECTIVE FROM ! TR5*ES ?AT IS NEV]!LESS %OCK+ & TRANSGRESSIVE TO ! PEANUT GALL]Y COMM5T+ ON SCI5CE FROM )\T4 ,9 NO SMALL P>T BECAUSE ! DIVISION IS USEFUL TO ?OSE 9 P[]4 

,9 HIS WORK ,! ,UTOPIA ( ,RULES ,DAVID ,GRAEB] TRAC$ ! EVOLUTION ( POPUL> NOTIONS ( 0IMAG9ATION0 FROM FIR/ BE+ SE5 AS SOME?+ DEEPLY TI$ TO NAVIGAT+ REALITY TO LAT] SOME?+ ESCAPI/ & ALMO/ IRRELEVANT4 ,MA!MATICS HAS FOLL[$ A SIMIL> >C -- R$EF9$ P>TLY BY ! P[]FUL & P>TLY 9 SELF-DEF5SE AS A K9D ( SOLIPSI/IC POETRY = ! B(F9S :OSE DREAM+ WE CAN'T CONTROL1 REGULATE1 OR DEM& IMM$IATE RESULTS FROM4 ,9 ! 5D ?IS ATTEMPT TO PLUCK MA!MATICS \T ( ! HE>T ( SCI5CE HAS LEFT IT AS ! ONLY REFUGE = TRULY ADVANC$ MODEL+1 :ILE ?OSE HI/ORICAL =CES ATTEMPT TO SUPPRESS SU* EV]Y:]E ELSE4 

,?IS >TIFICIAL EXCLUSION ( MA!MATICS FROM SCI5CE S]VES A VISION ( 0SCI5CE0 ?AT ULTIMATELY WANTS SCI5TI/S TO FUNCTION AS NO?+ MORE ?AN ME*ANICS & SEES ! ONLY MEAN+FUL EXPLORATION AS ?AT :I* CAN BE VISIBLY EMBODI$ 9 A PHYSICAL EXP]IM5T4 ,IT WANTS TO TREAT !ORY AS A K9D ( AFT]?\<T OR FIG LEAF1 & ALL TWI/S & TURNS 9 ! PROCESS ( !ORIZ+ AS MORE OR LESS EQUIVAL5TLY SUSPECT1 EQUIVAL5TLY R&OM FLI<TS ( FANCY4 ,IT %\LD BE NO WOND] ?IS K9D ( CATEGORICAL FRAMEWORK HAS BE5 GOBBL$ UP BY ?OSE ACADEMICS :OSE EXP]I5CES >E L>GELY LIMIT$ TO ?OSE HUMANITIES :]E ALL !ORIZ+ AWAY FROM IMM$IATE EXP]I5CE_/EXP]IM5T IS (T5 REASONABLY SE5 AS MORE OR LESS EQUIVAL5TLY T5U\S1 OR EQUIVAL5TLY SUSPECT4 

,A ,UNIV]SAL ,CURR5T 

,UND] ?IS L5S ?AT ,I HAVE BE5 PRES5T+ 9 A C]TA9 S5SE EV]Y?+ IS SCI5CE & NO?+ IS4 ,! RADICAL 9QUIRY AT ! CORE ( SCI5CE DOESN'T REFLECT A COLLECTION ( CLAIMS OR PRACTICES ) TI<TLY POLICEABLE BORD]S1 BUT A DIRECTION1 AN >R[ ( /RUGGLE OR DIRECTION ( DEVELOPM5T4 ,& :5 WE REC5T] 'SCI5CE' ON ?IS CURR5T WE F9D IT TO BE A CON/ANTLY RESURG5T ?R\<\T HUMAN HI/ORY4 ,FROM ! CONCEPTUAL MODEL+ US$ BY HUNT]-GA!R]S TO SOME ( ?OSE US$ BY ! SOCIAL SCI5CES4 

,:ILE NEUROSCI5CE1 = EXAMPLE1 MAY NOT HAVE ALWAYS BE5 CONSI/5TLY SCI5TIFIC IT'S CLE>LY BECOME MORE SO OV] TIME4 ,APPROPRIATION IS A COMPLICAT$ ?+2 MANY FIELDS ?AT />T$ \T AS ABSURDITIES HAVE GRADUALLY 9TEGRAT$ ! TOOLS1 9/9CTS & IDEALS ( ?OSE !Y W]E APPROPRIAT+ FROM4 ,ON ! O!R H& *EMI/RY WAS A SCI5CE = A LONG :ILE1 & YET IS 9CREAS+LY TURN+ 9TO A TE*NOLOGI/ DISCIPL9E 9T]E/$ 9 5G9E]+ P>TICUL>S1 AS LITTLE 9 ! WAY ( RELEVANT ROOT DYNAMICS REMA9 UNF]RET$4 ,SCI5CE & TE*NOLOGY HAVE A COMPLICAT$ 9T]PLAY 9 PRACTICE1 A GIV5 SCI5TI/ OR TE*NOLOGI/ OR A GIV5 RESE>* PROJECT OR DEVELOPM5T TEAM WILL SOMETIMES HAVE TO SWIT* DIRECTIONS REPEAT$LY4 ,BUT !Y /ILL D5OTE DI/9CT VECTORS1 DI/9CT 9CL9ATIONS ( ?\<T4 ,ONE BURR[S D[N TO ! ROOTS1 ! O!R TAKES ! SIMPLE NUTRITION FROM !SE ROOTS BACK \T & BLOSSOMS IT 9TO A MILLION APPLI$ P>TICUL>S4 

,ALL HUMAN ?\<T 9VOLVES 9DUCTION OR RA!R ASSOCIATION 9TO MODELS4 ,?OSE 9/ANCES ?AT FE$BACK 9TO MORE 5GAGEM5T -- RA!R ?AN DEF5SIVE ME*ANISMS ( RETREAT TO A LIMIT$ CONTEXT -- >E SURELY 9 ! SCI5TIFIC OR RADICAL DIRECTION1 H[EV] T5TATIVELY !Y 5D UP PU%+4 

,I C\LD EV5 S+ A SWEET SONG H]E AB\T H[ LOVE & EMPA?Y %\LD BE PROP]LY SE5 AS REPRES5T+ ! SPIRIT ( SCI5CE 9 HUMAN ONE-ON-ONE RELATIONS2 CON/ANTLY PURSU+ BETT] MODELS1 BETT] IMPRESSIONS ( ONE ANO!R1 & UPDAT+ \R MODELS ( SELF TO GR[ MORE EXPANSIVE 9 RESPONSE4 ,SCI5CE & LOVE >E V]Y CLOSELY RELAT$1 & A NUMB] ( JOKES 9 PHYSICS & MA? REFLECT ON ! P>ALLELS BETWE5 !SE HUNG]S4 ,A LONG+ = A DEEP] 9TIMACY ?AN A %ALL[ SURFACE MODEL+4 ,?AT MANY LOV]S & SCI5TI/S %Y AWAY OR AB&ON !IR PURSUIT PA/ A C]TA9 PO9T BY NO MEANS MAKES ! PO9T AT :I* !Y 5D UP SETTL+ A GREAT REFLECTION ( 0SCI5CE0 OR 0LOVE0 -- ! PO9T IS ! G5]AL ?RU/ ( !IR EF=TS4 

,IT'S IMPORTANT TO NOTE ?AT EV]Y HI/ORICAL MOM5T 9 EV]Y SOCIETY WAS ALIVE ) FLICK]S ( RADICAL EXPLORATION1 MODEL+1 & DISCOV]Y4 ,IT'S EASY TO GLOSS OV] ! /UDI\S PLAY ( CRAFT+ ?AT DISCOV]$ SO DAMN MANY ?+S1 BUT WE >E 9 MANY UNAPPRECIAT$ WAYS /&+ ON ! %\LD]S ( GIANTS4 ,EV]Y S+LE SOCIETY IS ?ICK ) KN[L$GE ACCUMULAT$ ?R\< EXP]IM5TATION & RECORD4 ,FROM FIR/ HACK+ \R AUDIO CORTEX ) MUSICAL NOTES TO DEVELOP+ /RONG] ROPES4 

,WE %\LD BE OP5 AB\T ! FACT ?AT MU* ( ! ,EUROPEAN EXPLOSION 9 SCI5CE EM]G$ NOT SO MU* FROM ! ONSET ( A S+LE PROC$URE BUT ?R\< ! SCRABBL+ = DEEP] 9SI<TS1 EV5 ?R\< ABORTIVE ATTEMPTS )9 ! TRADITION ( MAGIC & ! OCCULT4 ,?OSE CURR5TS ?AT MO/ RESEMBLE MOD]N SCI5CE 9 ,EUROPE1 LIKE ! DEVELOPM5T ( OPTICS & TELESCOPES1 W]E = A :ILE US+ ! T]M 0NATURAL MAGIC0 LIKE ,NAPLES' ,ACADEMY ( ,SECRETS4 ,! CORE ELEM5T ?AT DROVE SU* ADVANCES WAS A SUSPICION ?AT NATURE WAS GOV]N$ BY HIDD5 =CES & ?AT !SE ?AT C\LD BE UND]/OOD4 ,?AT ! SECRETS C\LD BE PRI$ OP51 DEEP] UND]LY+ PATT]NS REVEAL$4 ,IT WAS ?IS RADICAL DRIVE & F]VOR 9 ! FR+E COMMUNITIES ( ,EUROPE ?AT HELP$ DRIVE ! SCI5TIFIC REVOLUTION & REALLY FL\RI%$ :5 !Y W]E C\PL$ ) ! PR9T+ PRESS' DI/RIBUTION ( J\RNALS TO TRADESM5 & POOR T9K]]S :O LEAP$ AT ! *ANCE TO CONTRIBUTE !ORIES & F9D+S BACK4 

,9 RESI/ANCE SOME HAVE TAK5 TO DEMONIZ+ EV]Y?+ S9CE ! ,EUROPEAN EXPLOSION AS 0WE/]N SCI5CE0 :ILE VALIDAT+ VIRTUALLY ANY O!R EXPLANATION ( ! WORLD AS ALSO 0SCI5CE40 ,& :ILE !IR CONCLUSIONS ?AT ! COSMOLOGICAL MODELS ( SOME R&OM WIT*DOCTOR CONF9$ 9 EXP]I5CE TO ! ,KALAH>I >E EQUIVAL5TLY VALID TO ?OSE ( A MOD]N COSMOLOGI/ IS ABSURD LIB]AL PLURALISM1 IT CAN BE LEGIT TO M>K BO? AS SCI5TIFIC4 ,MODELS G5]AT$ 9 O!R CULTURAL OR HI/ORICAL CONTEXTS C]TA9LY C\NT TO V>Y+ DEGREES AS REFLECTIVE ( ! >R[ ( RADICALISM4 ,AL?\< IT'S NO SMALL PO9T ?AT ANY SORT ( VIGILANCE 9 TODAY'S CONTEXT %\LD QUICKLY REVEAL ! FAIL+S ( SU* MODELS1 JU/ AS IT QUICKLY REVEALS ! FAIL+S ( ?OSE E>LY ,EUROPEAN 0NATURAL MAGIC0 !ORI/S4 ,!RE HAVE ABSOLUTELY BE5 MANY BRILLIANT 9SI<TS >\ND ! WORLD & ! PORTRAIT :]E 0SCI5CE0 DOESN'T (FICIALLY />T UNTIL ,FRANCIS ,BACON DECID$ TO LECTURE PHYSICI/S ON :AT !Y W]E DO+ IS CLE>LY A %ITTY IMP]IALI/ N>RATIVE4 

,M>Y ,BAK] ,$DY'S 0SCI5TI/0 0DOCTORS0 W]E C]TA9LY F> LESS RIGOR\S OR VIGILANT ?AN MANY ,*9ESE EXP]IM5T]S 9 M$IC9E4 ,9DE$ ,IROQUOIS OR ,*9ESE M$IC9E W\LD HAVE BE5 >GUABLY BETT] ?AN ! BE/ WE/]N DOCTORS ( ! DAY4 ,! ATOMIC & FUNDAM5TAL ELEM5T MODELS PO/ULAT$ BY BO? ,9DIANS & ,GREEKS OBVI\SLY TURN$ \T TO BE PRETTY CLOSE TO ! M>K1 BUT GIV5 H[ LITTLE !RE WAS TO WORK ) BACK !N E>LY ,*9ESE COSMOLOGY DES]VES APPRECIATION AS AN ALSO RAN -- ! Y9-YANG & WU X+ MODE W]E VALID ATTEMPTS TO MODEL ! WORLD4 ,& ,BACON'S ME?ODOLOGY & P>ADIGM ( EXP]IM5TATION8 ,ALB]UNI1 AN ,9DIAN ,>AB1 HAD PU%$ = ?IS 9 ! MIDDLE AGES & ! #h-#a#h? C5TURIES 9 ,9DIA SAW SY/EMATIC EXP]IM5TATION TOO4 ,?REE ?\S& YE>S ( SCI5CE 9 NOR!A/ ,AFRICA BURNT TO ! GR\ND ) ,ALEX&RIA 7! WORD 0*EMI/RY0 LIKELY HAS ITS ROOTS 9 A WORD MEAN+ ! KN[L$GE ( 0! BLACK L&074 ,ON & ON IT GOES1 ! A/RONOMY ( ! E>LY ,*9ESE1 ! NAVIGATIONAL TE*NIQUES ( ,PACIFIC ISL&]S1 ! ANCI5T M$ICAL KN[L$GE ( SUB-,SAH>AN ,AFRICANS444 ,UPON ANY 9VE/IGATION IT'S SIMPLY IMPOSSIBLE TO PA9T A PICTURE ( A DISCRETE 0WE/]N SCI5CE0 ?AT IS DISCONNECT$ FROM ?IS GLOBAL T5D5CY4 

,HUMANS HAVE ALWAYS PLAY$ ) SYMMETRIES & METAPHORS1 TRY+ TO 9T]NALIZE BETT] IMPRESSIONS ( ! WORLD4 ,MU* ( SCI5TIFIC REASON+ IS SO NATURAL TO US BECAUSE WE'VE BE5 CON/ANTLY DO+ IT S9CE WE W]E HUNT]-GA!R]S4 ,PRIMITIVE COSMOLOGIES LIKE ANIMISM & PANPSY*ISM W]E QUITE REASONABLE E>LY HYPO!SES4 ,WE'RE A SOCIAL SPECIES ) BRA9S BUILT PRIM>ILY TO NAVIGATE SOCIAL RELATIONS & MODEL PSY*OLOGICAL DYNAMICS2 ( C\RSE WE W\LD SE>* = METAPHORS !RE4 ,& ?OSE ?AT DID %\LD BE LAUD$ AS DO+ A DEC5T JOB 9 ! LIMIT$ CONTEXT !Y HAD ACCESS TO4 

,! DEEP] REGUL>ITIES IMM$IATELY VISIBLE 9 ?+S LIKE A/RONOMY HAVE LONG BE5 9T]E/+ TO HUNT]-GA!R]S1 BUT IT WAS CIVILIZATION ?AT HAPP5$ TO PROVIDE ! SCOPE1 9TELLECTUAL P]MAN5CE & CONT9UITY NECESS>Y TO GET FUR!R 9 \R 9VE/IGATIONS4 ,( C\RSE 0CIVILIZATION0 IS AN ABSURDLY SIMPLE WAY ( BUNDL+ A WIDE >RAY ( DEEPLY CONFLICT+ HI/ORICAL CURR5TS & DYNAMICS1 & :AT ELITES EM]G$ 9 MO/ 7BUT NOT ALL7 CITY SOCIETIES (T5 WORK$ H>D TO SUPPRESS SCI5CE4 ,FREQU5TLY AS ! FIR/ /EP 9 UND]M9+ RADICALISM MORE BROADLY4 

,WE'VE COV]$ H[ 0CURIOSITY0 WAS TAK5 BY ! ,VICTORIAN >I/OCRACY & DRAP$ OV] %ALL[ & EXPLOITATIVE CONSUM]ISM4 ,BUT ?IS ATTEMPT$ APPROPRIATION FOLL[$ ANO!R1 MORE DRAMATIC REV]SAL3 ,IT WAS ONLY 9 ! SEV5TE5? C5TURY ?AT CURIOSITY HAD TRANS=M$ FROM BE+ SE5 AS A VICE TO A VIRTUE4 ,BE=E ?AT WAT]%$ 0CURIOSITY0 HAD BE5 CONSI/5TLY CONDEMN$ BY WE/]N CIVILIZATION4 ,! ,GREEKS W]E ACTUALLY HI<LY CRITICAL ( CURIOSITY1 A T5D5CY !Y FELT WAS USELESS1 9TRUSIVE1 & DISRUPTIVE4 ,9QUIRY = ITS [N SAKE1 ! HUNG] = KN[L$GE1 WAS CORRECTLY ID5TIFI$ IT AS UNCONTROLLABLE OR PRONE TO WILDNESS4 ,CURIOSITY WAS A =CE 9 CONFLICT ) ! OSSIFI$ & S$5T>Y /RUCTURES ( !IR CIVILIZATION4 ,! ,*RI/IANS CONT9U$ ?IS PROHIBITION & CONDEMNATION ( CURIOSITY1 ! DESIRE = KN[L$GE WAS M>K$ AS FUNDAM5TALLY S9FUL4 ,REJECT+ ! HUNG] ( 9QUIRY IS ! V]Y F\NDATION ( ! MY? ( ,! ,FALL1 A N>RATIVE REPEAT$ 9 MANY SOCIETIES RIV5 ) P[] /RUCTURES4 ,ONCE ,AU?ORITY RUL$ DIV9E & ! NATURAL ORD] WAS UN*ALL5G$1 !N SOME DAMN$ GIRL GOT TOO 9QUISITIVE = H] BRIT*ES & ,GOD C\LD NO LONG] MA9TA9 ?+S ! WAY ,HE LIK$4 

,TODAY'S PRIMITIVI/ IDEOLOGUES EM]G$ FROM A LONG G5EALOGY ( COMPLA9TS BY ! ELITES ?AT ! MASSES' 9QUISITIVE DESIRES CON/ITUT$ A HORRIFY+ MON/] ?AT HAD TO BE SUPPRESS$ AT ANY CO/ LE/ IT RUN AMOK4 ,DUR+ ! 0,5LI<T5M5T0 ,BACON MADE ! >GUM5T TO HIS FELL[ ELITES ?AT BY PROMOT+ A RIGID SY/EMIZ+1 CURIOSITY AFT] ! ROOTS C\LD BE H>NESS$ BY ! /ATE4 ,BUT ,HOBBES' CONTEMPORANE\S ATTACK ON SCI5TI/S = !IR AB/RACT !ORIES & PURSUIT ( UND]/&+ = UND]/&+'S SAKE REFLECT$ WID] SOCIAL =CES SEEK+ TO SUPPRESS CURIOSITY & ?AT REPEAT$LY RIDICUL$ !M AS B(F9S4 

,SOME SCI5TI/S P]SI/$ NONE!LESS1 BUT FEW C\LD BE SO =TUNATE OR TOL]ATE ! POV]TY & IGNOM9Y ?AT W\LD ACCOMPANY IT4 ,MANY TRI$ TO F9D EXCUSES OR %IELDS AGA9/ PUBLIC D]ISION1 & ?US MANY FELL 9TO COLLABORATION ) IMP]IAL1 CAPITALI/1 & >I/OCRATIC P[] SY/EMS4 ,Y\ SEE CURR5TS LIKE ?IS AGA9 & AGA9 ?R\<\T ! FI<T BETWE5 SCI5CE & P[] 9 HI/ORY1 ) ?OSE 9 P[] DEEPLY OPPOS$ TO HYPO!SES4 ,ONLY DESIR+ DETAILS4 

,PHYSICS IS 9TIMATELY AW>E ( ?IS DEEP & BITT] CONFLICT4 ,! SECOND WORLD W> SAW MO/ ( ! WORLD'S PHYSICI/S EI!R =C$ TO WORK AS 5G9E]S & TE*NOLOGI/S ON WEAPONS OR AT BE/ />V$ ( FUND+4 ,& ?IS WAS P>ALLEL$ & FOLL[$ = DECADES BY ! WIDESPREAD BLACKLI/+ ( ! GREAT NUMB] ( PHYSICI/S :O'D BE5 9CL9$ TO RADICAL POLITICS4 ,! LEGACY ( ?OSE :O EMBRAC$ !IR S]VICE TO ! /ATE OR CRUMPL$ UND] ITS ?UMB HAS BE5 A VICI\S HO/ILITY T[>DS TOO SWEEP+ ( CURIOSITY1 IMAG9ATION1 & EXT5D$ !ORIZ+ )9 ,/,E,M PRACTICE4 ,PHYSICI/S >E TODAY /ILL SPLIT BETWE5 ?OSE :O APPROVE ( OR REVILE ! BOOTLICK+ SLOGAN FROM ! ,MANHATTAN ,PROJECT3 0,%UT UP & CALCULATE40 ,V>IANTS ( ?IS HO/ILITY & ANXIETY T[>DS !ORY P]MEATE ,/,E,M CULTURE1 VISIBLE 9 SOME HACK]SPACES 9 ! =M ( 0%UT UP & HACK40 ,! C[$ TIMIDITY & 9/ITUTIONAL ALLEGIANCES ( 5G9E]S & DATA COLLECTORS V]SUS ! SWEEP+ & UNREL5T+ AUDACITY ( ! !ORETICIANS4 

,! HI/ORICAL >C IS CLE>CUT3 ,:ATEV] COMPLICAT$ 5TANGLEM5TS MOM5T>ILY EM]GE 9 !IR LONG W>1 SCI5CE & P[] >E UNAVOIDABLY AT ODDS4 0,I W\LD RA!R DISCOV] A S+LE CAUSE ?AN BECOME K+ ( ! ,P]SIANS10 DECL>$ ,DEMOCRITUS4 ,:AT SCI5CE REPRES5TS IS ! %>PE/ SORT ( RADICALISM POSSIBLE1 A K9D ( ?9K+ & A DESIRE 9-ITSELF ?AT IS 9DOMITABLE4 ,! EXT]NALITIES ( SCI5TIFIC 9QUIRY OV]TURN$ E/ABLI%$ P[] /RUCTURES & CREAT$ IMM5SE 9/ABILITY & COMPLEXITIES ?AT >E H>D = P[] /RUCTURES TO NAVIGATE4 ,?OSE P[] /RUCTURES ?AT SURVIV$ DID SO BY AWKW>DLY CL++ TO C]TA9 PR$ICTABLE PROCESSES ( *ANGE & TRY+ TO CONTROL & DIV]T ! DEVELOPM5T ( SCI5CE4 ,BUT EV5 ?IS IS (T5 LAU<ABLE & IS C]TA9LY UNLIKELY TO BE SU/A9$4 

,! ,SOCIAL ,CONTEXT ,TO ,\R ,DEF9ITIONS 

,?IS RE/RUCTUR+ ( H[ TO VIEW SCI5CE IS GE>$ NOT JU/ AT DEF5D+ SCI5CE FROM *>GES ( REACTIONISM FROM LEFTI/S1 BUT AT MORE BROADLY CL>IFY+ H[ WE MI<T VIEW ?AT MU* LOOS] BUNDLE 9VOK$ BY ! WORD 0SCI5CE0 AS A POLITICAL =CE4 ,BECAUSE ! >RAY ( ?+S POPUL>LY ASSOCIAT$ ) 0SCI5CE0 IS SO WILDLY V>Y+ & HAZY MO/ ( ! POLITICAL CLAIMS SURR\ND+ SCI5CE ?AT DON'T SLICE IT AWAY TO NE> IRRELEVANCE OR NEUTRALITY AS A =MULAIC PROC$URE HAVE S\<T TO ID5TIFY UND]LY+ IDEOLOGICAL COMMITM5TS & !N DEF9E 0SCI5CE0 9 T]MS ( !M4 

,! PROBLEM ( C\RSE HAS BE5 ?AT ?OSE UND]TAK+ ?IS K9D ( ANALYSIS 7>I/OCRATS1 9DU/RIALI/S1 LIB]ALS1 M>XI/S1 @& CONT95TAL PHILOSOPH]S7 V]Y R>ELY HAVE A RADICAL BONE 9 !IR BODY1 & SO WE SEE WRIT]S LAZILY CLAIM+ ?AT C]TA9 POPUL> SCI5TIFIC MODELS OR P>ADIGMS ?AT EM]G$ BRIEFLY & ) ATT5DANT EXPLICIT QUALIFICATIONS >E 9 FACT ! CORE DRIV+ IDEOLOGY ( SCI5CE4 ,& ( C\RSE -- IF !Y EV5 NOTE !M -- ! EM]G5CE ( ALT]NATIVE SCI5TIFIC MODELS IS PRES5T$ AS SCI5CE CONC$+ DEFEAT OR PULL+ ITSELF AP>T FROM )94 ,BUT IT'S NOT AS ?\< NEWTONIAN ME*ANICS W]E SOME MOTIVAT+ RELIGION1 RA!R SCI5CE'S DRIVE = ! ROOTS 5D$ UP LEGITIMATELY JUDG+ NEWTONIAN ME*ANICS AS OV]:ELM+LY PROMIS+ = AN EXT5D$ P]IOD ( TIME4 

,?IS K9D ( RABID PREOCCUPATION ) ?+S LIKE POSITIVISM1 ATOMISM1 & DET]M9ISM 7AL?\< ALMO/ ALWAYS WILD /RAWM5 !RE(7 IS RIFE AMONG ?OSE COM+ FROM AN ACADEMIC OR POLITICAL L9EAGE :OSE CONTACT ) SCI5CE IS ,N?-H& AT BE/4 ,SEE 9 P>TICUL> ! ONGO+ CR+EWOR?Y HAZY-ASSOCIATION-FE/ ( LAZY PSY*OLOGY LEFTI/S HAVE =M$ >\ND ! ! WORD 0QUANTIFICATION40 7,TO BE SURE1 AS A PHYSICI/ ,I MAKE ! OBLIGATORY SNE]S & JOKES AB\T ! ES!TIC 9F]IORITY ( DISCRETE MA? TO CONT9U\S MA?1 BUT COME ON47 ,!RE >E CLE> REV]B]ATIONS ( L+]+ ,P,T,S,D MOTIVAT+ !SE DEF5SIVE OBSESSIONS & 9 SOME S5SE ?AT'S QUITE UND]/&ABLE4 ,!RE HAS1 AFT]ALL1 BE5 A GOOD FEW C5TURIES ( ?OSE 9 P[] REF]5C+ OR EXT5D+ POPUL> SCI5TIFIC FRAMEWORKS OR !ORIES TO PROP UP T]RIBLE IDEOLOGIES4 ,BUT TO *>ACT]IZE 'SCI5CE' 9 T]MS ( ?OSE IDEOLOGIES IS AK9 TO *>ACT]IZ+ AN ELEPHANT BY ! LEE*ES1 TICKS & FLIES ON ITS HIDE4 ,!Y MAY HAVE SWALL[$ SOME T9Y BITS ( IT1 BUT ?AT DOESN'T MAKE !M ! ELEPHANT4 ,& AT ! 5D ( ! DAY !Y DON'T DECIDE :]E ! ELEPHANT ROAMS4 

,YES1 ! POLITICAL1 ECONOMIC1 SOCIAL1 & CULTURAL COMMITM5TS ( SCI5TI/S AS A CLASS HAVE 9 MANY WAYS BE5 L>GELY CAPTUR$ & CON/RA9$ BY TODAY'S MO/ DOM9ANT P[] /RUCTURES2 JU/ AS ?OSE UNIONS MO/ CRITICALLY SITUAT$ AT PO9TS ( WEAKNESS 9 ! SY/EM W]E LONG AGO B\<T (F1 LUMP5PROLES DEFANG$ ) WELF>E1 >TI/S BY COMM]CE1 ETC4 ,AL?\< 'PURE SCI5CE' IS CON/ANTLY BE+ :ITTL$ AWAY AS CAPITALISM ATTEMPTS TO RE%APE & REPLACE IT BY MORE EASILY PR$ICTABLE1 CONTROLLABLE & OV]SEEABLE FIELDS ( 5G9E]+ -- & BASIC SCI5CE $UCATION IS SUPPRESS$ OR REPLAC$ BY TRADES*OOL-/YLE TRA9+ -- ?OSE :O REMA9 HAVE BE5 URG$ 9 A MULTITUDE ( WAYS TO ID5TIFY ) ! /ATUS QUO4 ,IT'S A SIMPLE FACT ?AT FEW] SCI5TI/S TODAY FACE MURD]\S REPRESSION FROM ! E/ABLI%M5T'S FE> ( DISRUPTIVE EFFECTS4 ,= A FIR/ 9 HI/ORY ! P[] /RUCTURES RUL+ \R SOCIETIES HAVE COME TO UNEASILY RELY ON C]TA9 PR$ICTABLE M>*ES ( DEVELOPM5T 7AL?\< CURVEBALLS >E /ILL /RONGLY DISC\RAG$74 ,& S9CE ! CREATION ( ! MOD]N ACADEMIC SY/EM MO/ SCI5TI/S HAVE COME TO RELY ON GOV]NM5T FUND+ 9 DEEPLY PROBLEMATIC WAYS ?AT IMP$E A %IFT TO ALT]NATIVES4 ,BUT ONCE ID5TIFI$ -- LESS AS A /RUCTUR$ PROC$URAL COMMITM5T ?AN A COGNITIVE 9CL9ATION OR ORI5TATION ( DESIRE -- SCI5CE IS EXPOS$ AS HAV+ 9T5SE SOCIAL OR POLITICAL 9CL9ATIONS ALMO/ 5TIRELY OPPOS$ TO ! 9T]E/S ( SCI5CE'S CURR5T B5EFACTORS_/5SLAV]S4 

,?IS RECOGNITION IS ( PR(\ND IMPORT TO ANYONE LOOK+ = ALLIES & FECUND FRONTI]S ( RESI/ANCE1 & PRES5TS A P[]FUL WAY TO PU% BACK AGA9/ ?OSE CORRUPTIVE OR APPROPRIATIVE =CES ?AT HAVE BE5 EXPLOIT+ ! SITUATION4 

,I'M 9T]E/$ 9 ?IS RE/RUCTUR+ ( \R LANGUAGE & N>RATIVES >\ND SCI5CE BECAUSE AS AN AN>*I/ ,I COME AT SCI5CE FROM A /RID5TLY IDEALI/IC & RADICAL P]SPECTIVE & ?US AM ATTRACT$ TO ?OSE CURR5TS )9 IT4 ,BUT ALSO BECAUSE -- HAV+ CONSEQU5TLY DEVELOP$ A BACKGR\ND 9 HI< 5]GY !ORETICAL PHYSICS -- IT'S CONT9UALLY A/ONI%+ TO ME ! VA/ DISCONNECT BETWE5 ! ANALYZES ( 0SCI5CE0 POPUL> )9 ! LEFT & ! ACTUAL REALITY 9 ! MANY FIELDS CLOSE TO MY [N WORK4 ,A LOT ( :AT ,I'M SAY+ IS MA9/REAM 9 PHYSICS & HAS BE5 = A LONG LONG TIME4 

,:ILE 0PURITY0 )9 ! SCI5CES IS A WIDELY RECOGNIZ$ DYNAMIC & COMMON JOKE FODD]1 SOMEH[ FEW PHILOSOPH]S OR PUNDITS ( SCI5CE HAVE FELT ANY NE$ TO BUILD ANY RECOGNITION ( ?IS 9TO !IR DEF9ITIONS ( SCI5CE1 OR EV5 M5TION IT4 7,RI*>D ,DAWID DES]VES SPECIAL M5TION H]E = REC5TLY TAK+ SOME R>ELY LI/5$ TO P]SPECTIVES ON SCI5CE NOT BE+ EQUIVAL5T TO EMPIRICISM COMMON AMONG !ORETICAL PHYSICI/S & F9ALLY GIV+ SOME ( \R P]SPECTIVES A VOICE 9 PHILOSOPHY DEP>TM5TS47 

,! ABUSIVE & UNPRODUCTIVE WALL ]ECT$ AFT] ! ]ASURE ( 0NATURAL PHILOSOPHY0 BETWE5 SCI5CE 7AS ANY IMM$IATELY TE/ABLE HYPO!SIS7 & PHILOSOPHY 7AS LIT]ALLY ANY !ORIZ+7 HAS PRESSUR$ SCI5TI/S TO BE %ORTSI<T$ & %ALL[ 9 !IR !ORIZ+ & GIV5 BAD PHILOSOPHICAL MODELS SUFFICI5T BUFF] FROM RIGOR & ! M>* ( NEW DISCOV]IES4 ,& :5 PHILOSOPHY DOES COME UP ) ANY?+ CONCRETE IT'S IMM$IATELY NO LONG] CLASSIFI$ AS PHILOSOPHY6 ,NOT ONLY IS ?IS UNFAIR BUT OBVI\SLY IT HAS A T]RIBLE 9FLU5CE UPON PHILOSOPHY6 

,( C\RSE :5 PHILOSOPHY & SCI5CE >5'T DEF9$ 9 CONTRA/ TO ONE ANO!R IT'S MU* H>D] TO PRES5T SOME K9D ( UNIFI$ ,SCI5TI/ FRONT4 ,A DEF9ITION ( SCI5CE C5T]$ ON RADICAL ANALYSIS W\LD UND]M9E ! 0WE'RE ALL 9 ?IS TOGE!R P]SPECTIVE0 ?AT A LOT ( SCI5CE COMMUNICATORS HAVE PU%$ TO RALLY SOLID>ITY AGA9/ ATTACKS & TO GIVE DISP>ATE RESE>*]S A S5SE ( [N]%IP OR 9VE/M5T 9 WORK BEYOND !IR [N FIELD4 ,BUT HONE/LY WE %\LDN'T HAVE SOLID>ITY ) MANY PEOPLE 9 ! ,/,E,M WORLD4 ,WE C\LD ALL DO ) MORE CL>ITY AB\T PEOPLE'S V>Y+ UND]LY+ MOTIVATIONS & LESS FUZZY-WUZZY COLLECTIVE ID5TITY4 ,IF ?OSE ,/,E,M M9DS 9 CONS]VATIVE1 RELIGI\S OR ANTI-9TELLECTUAL CONTEXTS WANT TO HUDDLE >\ND EA* O!R = W>M? !Y CAN SURELY DO SO )\T OBSCUR+ IMPORTANT DI/9CTIONS OV] MOTIVATIONS & DEGREES ( ROOT$NESS4 ,\R LANGUAGE %\LD NOT BE DEF9$ 9 REACTION TO ! ,KANSAS S*OOL BO>D4 

,TACKL+ ,MILITANT ,IGNORANCE 

,YES1 9 SOME IMM$IATE S5SE /EPP+ BACK FROM ! %ALL[ LITMUS TE/S = SCI5CE WEAK5S \R RHETORICAL TOOLBOX :5 IT COMES TO REJECT+ PSEUDOSCI5CE4 ,BUT ,I DON'T ?9K IT'S WOR? RISK+ \R CLE>HEAD$NESS BY TWI/+ \R CONCEPTUAL LANGUAGE JU/ TO MORE QUICKLY W9 SOME %ORT T]M BATTLES4 ,WE CAN /ILL GRAPPLE ) !SE PEOPLE DIRECTLY4 ,NOT ) 0IT WAS PE] REVIEW$6 #i#i.0 AGREE60 BADG]+ APPEALS TO DEMOCRATIC MORALITY1 BUT BY DIRECTLY CALL+ \T ! 9TELLECTUAL LAZ9ESS ( D5IALI/S4 ,IT'S UNFEASIBLE TO P]SONALLY TACKLE EA* & EV]Y ANTI-VAXX]1 *EMTRAIL]1 OR C>TESIAN DUALI/2 ! AM\NT ( 5]GY NECESS>Y TO G5]ATE BULL%IT IS ALWAYS ORD]S ( MAGNITUDE LESS ?AN ! AM\NT ( 5]GY NECESS>Y TO REFUTE IT4 ,!RE >E MAYBE T5 ?\S& TIMES MORE W+NUTS ) /RONG OP9IONS AB\T P>TICLE PHYSICS OR NEUROSCI5CE ?AN !RE >E P>TICLE PHYSICI/S OR NEUROSCI5TI/S 9 ! WORLD4 ,WE WILL NEV] BEAT BACK ALL !IR DIV]SE NONS5SES ONE-ON-ONE 9 ,FACEBOOK COMM5T SECTIONS1 & IMPLICIT APPEALS TO SOCIAL PRESSURE VIA >GUM5TS FROM 'SCI5TIFIC CONS5SUS' FAIL :5 A CLIMATE *ANGE D5I] OR QUANTUM MY/IC IS ALREADY SUBJECT TO SOCIAL PRESSURES ( CONS5SUS )9 !IR MORE IMM$IATE COMMUNITY ( FELL[ W+NUTS4 

,! ROOT PROBLEM ) ! PEOPLE 0CONTE/+0 EVOLUTION OR ! BIG BANG OR :ATEV] ISN'T ?AT !Y'RE DO+ IT ! WRONG WAY OR US+ ! WRONG TOOLS ( >GUM5TATION2 IT'S ?AT !Y DON'T ACTUALLY C>E AB\T UND]/&+4 ,!Y C>E AB\T ! S5SATION ( KN[+1 OR ! APPE>ANCE ( ICONOCLASM1 OR A FANTASY ( ! GOLD /> !Y MI<T WRE/ AWAY FROM ! E/ABLI%M5T4 ,\R PLURALI/ LIB]AL SOCIETY OBSESSES OV] ! EQUALITY ( ALL OP9IONS1 9 :I* MY IGNORANCE IS AS GOOD AS Y\R KN[L$GE1 & CONSEQU5TLY 9 :I* ABUS]S CAN NEV] BE P9N$ D[N BECAUSE 0EV]Y?+'S SUBJECTIVE40 ,WE LEAP TO F9D OP9IONS & !N RAISE !M AS ID5TITY-BANN]S4 ,& SO WE BRI/LE AT ! NOTION ( BETT] OR MORE OBJECTIVELY REA*ABLE ACC\NTS ?AT MI<T DISRUPT \R MO/ FOND SELF-DECEPTIONS4 ,! UGLY REALITY IS ?AT IF PEOPLE PUT EV5 ! FA9TE/ EF=T 9TO VIGILANT 9QUIRY WE W\LDN'T BE HAV+ !SE DEBATES4 

,TACKL+ ?AT MEANS TACKL+ A HUGE >RAY ( SOCIAL ILLS4 

,FIR/ & =EMO/ WE %\LD BE FOCUS+ ON MAK+ ! MODELS OR >GUM5TS WE'VE DISCOV]$ MORE ACCESSIBLE4 ,AS WE L[] B>RI]S DRAMATICALLY !RE WILL CEASE TO BE ANY EXCUSE = ! SMUG #cg YE> OLD PUNK ) A !ORY ( GRAVITATION AS FRICTION4 ,OR ! 5DLESS B>RAGE ( NUMSKULLS 9 ! AN>*I/ MILIEU -- FROM OOGLES REJECT+ TREATM5T = SCABIES BECAUSE 0SCI5CE IS A RELIGION0 TO ,WOLFI CIT+ WILDLY (F BASE SECONDH& MISACC\NTS ( QUANTUM ME*ANICS & GETT+ LAUD$ = IT4 ,PO9T !M TO ! MAPP+S4 ,QUICKLY CALL \T ! P>TICUL>S3 0,OKAY1 H[ DO Y\ ACC\NT = .-.- 80 ,SCI5TI/S ALREADY DO ?IS BY HABIT4 

,(T5 H[EV] WE UTILIZE EXI/+ B>RI]S TO 5TRY AS A K9D ( WALL SLAM 9 PEOPLE'S FACE4 ,SOMEONE REPEATS ! WELL POPUL>IZ$ WOO ?AT QUANTUM ME*ANICS HAS ANY?+ TO DO ) CONSCI\S 0OBS]V]S0 OR ! POORLY DEF9$ NOTION ( 0CONSCI\SNESS0 ITSELF & WE QUICKLY SNAP ?AT QUANTUM ME*ANICS IS A JU/ A !ORY ( COMPLEX PROBABILITIES1 ( OP]ATORS 9 A HILB]T SPACE1 & CONT9UE RATTL+ (F MA!MATICAL CONTEXT UNTIL ! W+NUTS FEEL SUFFICI5TLY BR[BEAT5 OR AT LEA/ LEAVE US BE4 

,?IS IS HI<LY UND]/&ABLE1 & (T5 !RE'S NO BETT] TOOL AVAILABLE TO MAKE ! FRO?Y NUTJOB OR HAU<TILY IGNORANT CONT95TAL PHILOSOPH] GO AWAY1 BUT IT IS UN=TUNATE4 ,EXPLOIT+ UNFAIR EXI/+ B>RI]S TO SCI5TIFIC KN[L$GE TO H>ANGUE ?OSE ON ! \TSIDE IS H>DLY 9 KEEP+ ) ! CORE IDEALISM ( SCI5CE4 

,?ANKFULLY !RE >E PRES5TLY MANY PROJECTS ON V>I\S LEVELS TO RE/RUCTURE EV]Y ASPECT ( SCI5CE AS AN 9/ITUTION4 ,PE] REVIEW1 J\RNALS1 EV5 COLLEGES !MSELVES >E UND] CON/ANT CRITICISM & ATTACK 9 ! CORE ( SCI5CE4 ,& :ILE PHYSICI/S L$ ! PU% DECADES AGO TO OP5 S\RCE EV]Y?+ & BYPASS OR ABOLI% 9TELLECTUAL PROP]TY1 IT'S WELL PA/ TIME TO MAKE ?AT MAT]IAL NOT JU/ AVAILABLE BUT ACCESSIBLE4 ,DO+ ?IS1 REPLAC+ PE] REVIEW ) MORE ORGANIC1 OP51 & SITUATIONALLY NUANC$ ASSOCIATIVE NETWORKS ( TRU/ & DEC5TRALIZ$ C]TIFICATION1 IS NO SIMPLE TASK1 BUT MANY >E WORK+ ON IT4 ,JU/ AS MANY >E WORK+ TO REPLACE ! A/ONI%+LY PRIMITIVE TE*NOLOGY ( PDFS ) A RI*] MORE DEEPLY TAGG$ & ACCESSIBLE LIT]ATURE1 IDEALLY LEAD+ TO FIELDS ( KN[L$GE AS M9DMAPP$ WIKIS :]E DEP5D5CIES & S\RCES >E 9/ANTLY VISIBLE4 ,! SOLUTION TO PEOPLE ) SMUGLY UN9=M$ OP9IONS IS TO TAKE AWAY ANY EXCUSE = !IR IGNORANCE4 ,TO BUILD A CULTURE :]E \R 9/9CTS >E TO JU/ LOOK SOME?+ UP IF Y\'RE 9T]E/$ 9 IT RA!R ?AN TO TRY & ACCUMULATE 'OP9IONS' FROM %ALL[ DATA AS ?\< BUILD+ A RECORD COLLECTION4 

,I'VE HE>D PEOPLE 9 ! LEFT OR ! SUPPOS$LY PO/-LEFT MILIEU SNE] & >GUE ?AT ! DEPLORABLE FILT]S ( POP SCI5CE REPORT+ >E ! FAULT ( SCI5TI/S1 ?AT WE >E COMPLICIT 9 ! :OLE CIRCUS ?AT LEADS TO HORRID PHRASES LIKE 0GOD P>TICLE0 & ALL ! N>RATIVES ?AT GET VALIDAT$ AS A RESULT4 ,& !RE'S AN \NCE ( TRU? TO ?AT4 ,NOT 9 ! S5SE ?AT WE SCI5TI/S PRES5TLY FEEL ANY?+ O!R ?AN MURD]\S RAGE AT ! POP SCI5CE M$IA MA*9E1 BUT ?AT !RE >E /ILL MANY W>S = US TO W94 ,?ANKFULLY WE'RE CLE>LY UP = ! TASK4 ,I WILL NEV] =GET ! DAY ! HEAD ( MY OLD DEP>TM5T DISCOV]$ ,WIKIP$IA4 ,) BAGS UND] HIS EYES FROM AN ALL-NI<T] $IT+ >TICLES HE ANIMAT$LY & E>NE/LY BESEE*$ HIS /ATI/ICAL ME*ANICS CLASS 0,DID Y\ ALL KN[ AB\T ?IS8 ,:Y >E Y\ ALL H]E :5 Y\ C\LD BE AT HOME LE>N+ ON Y\R [N8 ,I WANNA BL[ (F MY NEXT CLASS TO ADOPT SOME ( MY LECTURE NOTES6 ,OH6 ,I GUESS ?IS MEANS ,I'M \T ( A JOB4 ,HUH4 ,OH WELL6 ,GOOD RIDDANCE ACTUALLY40 ,ALL GOOD SCI5TI/S HUNG] = ! DEA? ( ACADEMIA1 9 ! S5SE ( \R PRES5T 9/ITUTIONAL CONTEXT1 ?IS GROSS DI/ORTION1 ?IS UNNATURALLY FROZ5 BATTLEFRONT 9 ! /RUGGLE TO EXP& SCI5CE TO EV]YONE4 ,IT IS UN=TUNATE \R RELATIVELY REC5T TREATY ) ! /ATE & O!R APPROPRIATIVE =CES L$ TO AN ABRUPT FREEZE 9 ! PREVI\SLY EXPON5TIALLY 9CREAS+ RANKS ( SCI5TI/S4 ,WE DON'T ALWAYS APPRECIATE ?IS VIOL5T PRUN+ ( SCI5CE1 ! PRISON SIGNIFI$ BY \R /ILL SMALL NUMB]S1 BUT ! LOSS IS A/ONI%+ :5 Y\ PLOT IT \T4 

,I DELI<T AT ! 9EVITABLE ACCUSATIONS ( 0IMP]IALISM60 ,I WILL RECEIVE = ! CRIME ( DESIR+ TO P]SUADE PEOPLE OR EV5 MAKE >GUM5TS MORE ACCESSIBLE1 BUT \TREA* DOES HAVE TO BE NUANC$4 ,9/EAD ( \TRI<T DECL>+ 0Y\ %\LD WANT ?IS0 WE NE$ TO GO AFT] ! BIGGE/ TRAPS PEOPLE GET !MSELVES 9TO4 ,I F9D MYSELF HAV+ TO TACKLE ! OLD 0ANYONE CAN >GUE ANY?+60 QUITE FREQU5TLY3 ,WELL ?AT'S QUITE A SURPRIS+LY /RONG /ATEM5T6 ,H[ DO Y\ KN[ EV]Y POSSIBLE P]SPECTIVE IS P]FECTLY & EV5LY MAPPABLE 9TO ALL O!RS8 ,H[ CAN Y\ BE SO C]TA9 ?AT :5 CONSID]+ EV]Y POSSIBLE META /RUCTURE = '>GUM5TATION' !RE >E NOT EM]G5TLY 9F]IOR & SUP]IOR ONES8 ,Y\ SEEM TO BE EXTRAPOLAT+ V]Y VIGOR\S RESULTS FROM A V]Y SMALL DATASET ( P]SONAL EXP]I5CE6 

,BUT !RE >E MANY MORE HOLES PEOPLE DIG !MSELVES 9TO1 & SOME >E QUITE RELATABLE4 

,:O ,Y\ ,TRU/ ,IS ,A ,LEGIT ,QUE/ION 

,! REALITY IS ?AT PEOPLE NOT TRU/+ SCI5TI/S OR SCI5TIFIC CONS5SUS IS 9 MANY REG>DS REASONABLE4 ,:AT >E Y\ GO+ TO TRU/1 Y\R EYES & EV]YDAY LIV$ EXP]I5CE OR A S+LE TEA*] 9 S*OOL & SOME N]DS ONL9E8 

,MO/ >GUM5TS OV] CAT*+ PEOPLE UP TO SCI5TIFIC KN[L$GE USUALLY COME D[N TO #a7 H[ 9TEGRAT$ A P]SON IS ) A RELEVANT CULTURE1 SOCIETY & 9/ITUTIONS1 & #b7 H[ UNOPPRESS$ !Y >E4 ,!RE >E MANY O!R LOGJAMS & TWI/$ >GUM5TS ?AT CAN OCCUR1 BUT !SE T5D TO BE ! MO/ PRIMAL4 ,IF NO ONE Y\ KN[ CAN 9 ANY MEAN+FUL WAY V\* = ! /RANG] ?UMP+ ON ! ,P>TICLE ,DATA ,GR\P BOOK !IR CLAIMS ( PE] REVIEW & ! LIKE WILL APPE> NO DIFF]5T ?AN A !OLOGIAN CLAIM+ TO BE CORRECT BECAUSE O!R !OLOGIANS HAVE *ECK$4 ,& ( C\RSE1 IF Y\'RE LOCK$ 9 MOD]N V]SIONS ( *ATTEL SLAV]Y1 EXPLOR+ ! WORK+S ( ! UNIV]SE IS NOT REALLY A GOOD /RATEGY = SURVIVAL2 NOR WILL Y\R FIR/ 9/9CT BE TO TRU/ ! CLAIM$ F9D+S ( ?OSE :O DO HAVE ?AT PRIVILEGE4 

,HONE/LY ! ONLY REASON A GOOD NUMB] ( FOLK !SE DAYS W\LD SNE] AT ANYONE SAY+ SUN GOES R\ND ! E>?1 ?AT ,JESUS RODE D9OSAURS1 OR ?AT ! UNIV]SE IS #f1 YE>S OLD1 OR ?AT AN?ROPOG5IC GLOBAL W>M+ ISN'T REAL1 IS ?AT !Y RECOGNIZE !SE CLAIMS AS CULTURAL CUES ( BE+ ON '! WRONG SIDE4' ,IT'S A NOT-POPUL> ?+4 ,A %UN ! 0\TGR\P0 ?+4 ,AS SU* APPEAL+ TO ! SPIRIT ( SOCIAL CONS5SUS & DEMOCRATIC MORALISM IS A WEAPON ?AT WILL ALMO/ ALWAYS BACKFIRE ON SCI5TI/S4 

,TO MO/ ( ! KIDS ?AT GET %UFFL$ 9TO 'RADICAL POLITICS' OR ! LIKE SCI5TI/S >E ! \TGR\P4 ,! CULTURAL DIVIDE ?AT TAKES ROOT 9 COLLEGE BETWE5 ,/,E,M MAJORS & HUMANITIES MAJORS HAS BE5 LONG CEM5T$ & RE9=C$4 ,& ! FEW SCI5TI/S 9 ?IS :OLE AFFAIR T5D TO SI< & KEEP !IR HEADS D[N RA!R ?AN CONTE/ EV]Y NONS5SE4 ,MEAN:ILE EXPECT+ SOMEONE :OSE GONE ?R\< ! !ORETICAL & SOCIAL CONDITION+ ( ACADEMIC FIELDS ?AT PRACTICALLY DEF9E !MSELVES BY SUSPICION & HO/ILITY TO SCI5CE -- SOMEONE :OSE SOCIAL CONNECTIONS >E ALMO/ C]TA9LY OV]:ELM+LY 9 ! SAME BOAT -- TO JU/ C$E BE=E ! OV]:ELM+ CONS5SUS )9 ! SCI5TIFIC COMMUNITY IS LIKE TELL+ A ,F,O,XNEWS TROGLODYTE TO ADOPT QUE] T]M9OLOGY BECAUSE EV]YONE 9 ,SAN ,FRANCISCO IS DO+ IT4 ,IT'S JU/ TOTALLY DISCONNECT$ FROM ! REALITIES ( SOCIAL PRESSURES1 & IT EXPECTS MAGIC FROM HUMAN TRU/ NETWORKS4 

,:Y ON E>? %\LD Y\ TRU/ :AT ONE TEA*] SAYS8 ,OR WIKIP$IA ! TIME Y\ /RAY$ OV] TO IT8 ,Y\ DON'T HAVE KN[L$GE ( ! IMM5SE AM\NT ( WORK IT W\LD TAKE TO MA9TA9 A FALSE BELIEF )9 SAY MA!MATICS J\RNALS1 SO BO? SIDES APPE> R\<LY EQUIVAL5T4 ,SCI5CE APPE>S TO MO/ AS JU/ A CODIFICATION ( :AT'S POPUL> 9 C]TA9 CIRCLES EXCEPT ) ?OSE PEOPLE SAY+ 0IT'S EXTRA TRUE BECAUSE SOMEONE SOME:]E TOTALLY TE/$ IT1 :ATEV] ?AT MEANS40 

,SM>T PEOPLE COME UP TO ME & EXPRESS D]ISION OR DISCOMPREH5SION ( SCI5CE ALL ! TIME4 ,A SKILL$ HACK] ASKS ME BEMUS$LY AT A P>TY1 0SO Y\ ACTUALLY ?9K !RE'S LIKE TRU?880 ,BRILLIANT GIRL 9 MY HI< S*OOL *EMI/RY EXPLA9S :Y %E DOESN'T PAY ATT5TION 9 CLASS1 0,!ORIES 9 SCI5CE >E ALWAYS *ANG+1 :Y BO!R LE>N+ ONE1 IT'LL BE TOTALLY DIFF]5T 9 TWO HUNDR$ YE>S ANYWAY40 

,!SE EXPRESS !MSELVES AS PHILOSOPHICAL CRITIQUES & SOMETIMES DEVELOP 9TO MORE *ALL5G+ ONES1 BUT !Y'RE GR\ND$ 9 A S5SE ( SOCIAL ALI5ATION & A REBELLI\S DISMISSAL ( SEEM+LY >BITR>Y AU?ORITY4 

,IT'S NOT = NO?+ ?AT ONE ( ! MO/ 9/9CTIVE WAYS ,LEFTI/S HAVE 9T]ACT$ ) SCI5CE HAS BE5 BY CRITIQU+ S\RCES OR PLAY+ GAMES ( SL&] BY ASSOCIATION4 0,DON'T GET ME />T$ AB\T ,GAME ,!ORY1 IT WAS 9V5T$ BY A P>ANOID S*IZOPHR5IC :O WORK$ = ! GOV]NM5T & FE>$ COMMUNI/S40 7,NEV]M9D ITS P>ALLEL DISCOV]]S OR ?AT GAME !ORY HAS ULTIMATELY PROVID$ SOME ( ! /RONGE/ >GUM5TS = AN>*ISM & CLE>E/ 9SI<TS 9TO ! L&SCAPE ( *ALL5GES WE FACE47 ,SIMIL>LY IT'S QUITE POPUL> TODAY TO TALK AB\T 0CYB]NETICS0 & CRITICIZE ANY?+ ?AT T\*ES 9=MATION !ORY BY *]RYPICK+ ! IDEOLOGIES & RHETORIC ( ASSOCIAT$ P>TIES -- AN APPROA* ?AT QUICKLY GR[S SO DISCONNECT$ FROM ! ACTUAL REALITY ( ! MAT]IAL & FIELD ?AT IT />TS TO S\ND LIKE CONS]VATIVE RANTS AB\T 0CULTURAL M>XISM40 

7,AL?\< QUITE A FEW AU?ORIT>IANS HAVE SPUN \T HOPES ?AT IT W\LD PROVIDE TOOLS = ABSOLUTE CONTROL1 CYB]NETICS' OBJECTIVE SUCCESS 9 GRASP+ ROOT DYNAMICS HAS ALSO REVEAL$ PR(\ND LIMITS TO ! 9=MATION PROCESS+ CAPACITY ( P[] /RUCTURES & COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCI5CE HAS 5ABL$ A MU* RI*] & MORE PRODUCTIVE E?ICAL DISC\RSE4 0,CYB]NETICS0 9 FACT IS A SWEEP+ T]M MO/LY US$ BY ITS CRITICS4 ,! ACTUAL FIELDS BUNDL$ UP 9 ABSURD POLEMICS LIKE ,TIQQUN'S DO NOT EASILY FIT 9 ! GR& IDEOLOGICAL N>RATIVES CLAIM$ BY !SE CRITICS4 ,ADDITIONALLY1 S9CE EV]Y ESSAY ON H[ ! '9H]5T LOGIC' ( CYB]NETICS SOMEH[ 9EXORABLY SADDL$ US ) \R CURR5T SURVEILLANCE /ATE LOVES TO PO9T TO ! REACTION>Y ASSOCIATIONS ( A C\PLE FAM\S RESE>*]S1 LET ME PO9T \T ?AT ONE ( COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCI5CE'S MO/ 9FLU5TIAL E>LY PIONE]S1 ,WALT] ,PITTS1 WAS A HOMELESS RUNAWAY FROM A POOR FAMILY :O'D JO9$ A COMMUNE ( RADICAL SUPPORT]S ( ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION47 

,!RE CAN BE -- ( C\RSE -- A SLIV] ( RELEVANCE TO :O ! ORIG9AL DISCOV]]S >E & :AT ASSUMPTIONS OR CON/RA9$ P]SPECTIVES MAY GET SUBTLY BAK$ 91 BUT AN EV5 REMOTELY SCI5TIFIC FIELD IS QUITE A BIT DIFF]5T FROM SAY 5DLESS DISC\RSES ON ! WRIT+S ( ,HEIDEGG]2 MODELS & P>ADIGMS 9 SCI5CE >E FREQU5TLY REPLAC$ RA!R ?AN M]ELY APP5D$ ) FOOTNOTES & !RE >E A MULTITUDE ( V]Y /RONG PRESSURES 9 SCI5TIFIC PRACTICE DRIV+ RESE>*]S T[>D ! SAME UND]LY+ ROOT DYNAMICS4 ,?AT'S ! IDEAL AT LEA/4 ,BUT IT'S A COH]5T & SUB/ANTIVE IDEAL ?AT MANY DISC\RSES ASYMTOTICALLY APPROA* & ?AT WE >E ALL ! BETT] = HAV+ A T]M =4 

,:5 ALLEG$ 'RADICALS' !SE DAYS RAIL AGA9/ SCI5CE :AT !Y'RE TYPICALLY >GU+ AGA9/ -- OR AT LEA/ :AT !Y GET />T$ RALLY+ AGA9/ -- IS HAV+ TO 9TEGRATE ) ! SOCIAL & 9/ITUTIONAL /RUCTURES M$IAT+ SU* 'FACTS'4 ,! SEMI-IRONIC EMBRACE ( MY/ICISM & ! OCCULT AMONG ! QUE] COMMUNITY & TW5TYSOME?+S MORE BROADLY IS SU* A SUCCESSFUL SOCIOPOLITICAL SIGNAL+ GAME NOT JU/ BECAUSE ( ! BOOGEYMAN ( ,DAWK9SITE A!I/S & ! BROAD] ,/,E,M VS HUMANITIES CULTURE W>1 BUT BECAUSE IT PUBLICLY DEMON/RATES A REJECTION ( ! AU?ORITIES & 9/ITUTIONS ?AT HAVE POSITION$ !MSELVES BETWE5 SCI5TI/S & JU/ AB\T EV]YONE ELSE4 

,! ]ROR H]E ISN'T NOT TRU/+ ! ACC\NT ( ?OSE ) ! RI<T MAGIC WORDS4 ,IT'S -- AGA9 -- NOT 9VE/IGAT+ MORE ?OR\<LY OR PROACTIVELY4 ,A />K CASE ( ,GELL-,MANN ,AMNESIA :]EBY PEOPLE RECOGNIZE :5 ! 9/ITUTIONS ( P[] APPROPRIATE & DRA/ICALLY MISREPRES5T ONE'S [N TEAM1 BUT !N IMM$IATELY ASSUME ?OSE SAME 9/ITUTIONS & M$IA GATEKEEP]S >E MORE OR LESS HONE/ AB\T EV]YONE ELSE4 ,AN>*I/S >E HAPPY TO RECOGNIZE H[ POORLY 0AN>*Y0 IS REPRES5T$ 9 ! M$IA & H[ MANY APPROPRIATORS >E \T !RE1 & YET SO MANY ( US EMB>ASS+LY TURN >\ND & TAKE REPRES5TATIONS & CLAIMANTS ( 0SCI5CE0 AT FACE VALUE4 

,MOD]N LIB]ALISM ASKS US TO WRAP \RSELVES 9 AS MANY FLAGS AS POSSIBLE1 TO FEEL 5TITL$ TO ! S5SE ( ID5TITY PROVID$ BY A /RONG OP9ION4 ,DO+ DUE DILIG5CE BY LOOK+ AT DEP? 9TO ! SUBJECT IS 9 NO WAY SE5 AS A PR]EQUISITE1 & S9CE ! GOAL IS SOCIAL POSITION+ !RE'S NO IMPETUS = SU* 9VE/IGATION4 

,H[EV] ,I DON'T HI<LY TRU/ SOMEONE'S ACC\NT ( A MIX+ ANGLE BECAUSE IT'S SPOK5 9 ! MAGIC TONGUE ( SCI5CE1 BUT BECAUSE ,I'VE DONE A LOT ( LOOK+ 9TO ! SOCIAL & CULTURAL CONTEXT1 BECAUSE ,I HAVE MANY PO9TS ( CONTACT ) IT1 & ?US ,I KN[ H[ DIFFICULT IT W\LD BE = A LIE TO PROPAGATE OR P]SI/4 ,FUR!R ,I'VE COMP>$ !ORIES & CONSID]ATIONS MYSELF1 FOLL[$ !M D[N 9TO !IR NITTY-GRITTY & SE5 JU/ H[ ELEGANT & MORE REALI/IC AN ACC\NT IS4 

,& YES !RE (T5 REALLY IS A UNIV]SALLY ACCESSIBLE OR 0OBJECTIVE0 DIRECTION ( 0BETT] !ORY40 ,AL?\< IT CAN BE H>D TO PRECISELY COMP>E TWO !ORIES R\<LY CLOSE TO EA* O!R 9 VIRTUES1 A BROAD GRADATION BETWE5 POSSIBLE MODELS IS /RONGLY APP>5T UPON ANY FUCK+ DUE DILIG5CE4 

,ALL ?IS IS MADD5+LY H>D TO CONVEY TO PEOPLE ) A LIMIT$ VOCABUL>Y ( EXP]I5CES TO DRAW UPON4 ,Y\ HAVE TO GO DIGG+ >\ND 9 ! SY/EMICALLY IMPOV]I%$ LIVES ( ?OSE DEPRIV$ MEAN+FUL CONTACT ) SCI5CE & F9D ! ONE EXP]I5CE ?AT WILL MAKE SU* DYNAMICS CLE>4 ,SOMEONE TO :OM ALL DISCUSSION ( SAY 'COMPLEXITY' IS MEAN+LESS HOT AIR ) NO CONNECTION TO ANY?+ 9 !IR LIVES CANNOT REALLY BE EXPECT$ TO FA?OM ANY TALK ( SCI5TIFIC LEGITIMACY \TSIDE ( EXP]IM5TAL VALIDATION1 & EV5 ?AT IS LIKELY TO BE T\< GO+4 ,MANY PEOPLE 9 \R WORLD LACK CRITICAL QUALIA1 HAVE NEV] EV5 EXP]I5C$ BASIC ?+S WE TAKE = GRANT$1 & IT IS FI5DI%LY DIFFICULT TO CAT* !M UP4 ,TRY EXPLA9+ TURBUL5CE TO SOMEONE :O HAS NEV] PLAY$ ) WAT] OR WAT*$ CL\DS FLY BY4 ,I'VE LI/5$ TO MULTIPLE PEOPLE 9 V>I\S CONTEXTS DEMON/RATE ?AT A SY/EM IS NON-L9E> 9 A TRIVIAL WAY & !N PROMPTLY SIT BACK UND] ! IMPRESSION ?AT SU* EQUATES UNSOLVABILITY4 

,P>T ( ! SOLUTION IS OBVI\SLY -- AS MO/ SCI5TI/S KN[ & WILL ANGRILY RANT TO Y\ AT L5G? AB\T -- DE/ROY+ ! PRISON SY/EM MASQU]AD+ AS 0$UCATION40 ,! 0DISGU/+LY BOR+ GYMNA/ICS US$ ONLY = PUNITIVE PURPOSES10 AS A MA!MATICAL PHYSICI/ ,I'M FRI5DS ) *>ACT]IZ$ !M1 ?AT COMPRISE ALL CONTACT ) SUPPOS$ 0MA!MATICS0 MO/ /UD5TS EV] HAVE B>ES AS LITTLE RELATION TO ! ACTUAL PRACTICE AS SPELL+ BEES DO ) LIT]ATURE OR POETRY4 ,( C\RSE TO M]ELY LI/ ! MYRIAD FAIL+S ( H[ WE >E 0$UCAT$0 W\LD REQUIRE ! SPACE ( A BOOK1 SO ,I WON'T BO!R TRY+4 ,BUT ?AT IS ONLY ONE COMPON5T ( A WIDE >RAY ( WAYS \R PRES5T SOCIETY SUFFOCATES & D5IES ACCESS TO DEEP & 9CR$IBLY IMPORTANT CONCEPTS OR EXP]I5CES REG>D+ H[ ! WORLD FUNCTIONS ?AT >E NECESS>Y TO BUILD BETT] 9TUITIONS4 

,& EV5 *UCK+ ?OSE IS NOT 5\<4 ,IT W\LD NOT BE 5\< TO BURN ?IS HORRID SY/EM TO ! GR\ND BECAUSE MANY ( ! MON/]S IMP$+ ACCESS TO OR UND]/&+ ( SCI5CE HAVE S[N ! IDEOLOGICAL SE$S ( !IR [N UPKEEP & REE/ABLI%M5T4 

,IT IS1 AFT] ALL1 NOT JU/ AN $UCATION OR ACCESSIBILITY PROBLEM1 IT'S ALSO A VIGILANCE PROBLEM4 

,SO ,:AT'S ,! ,HOLD ,UP8 

,SO :Y DO PEOPLE FAIL TO EV5 SET \T ON PA?S ( EXPLORATION ?AT W\LD EV5TUALLY LEAD !M TO CAT* UP & RECOGNIZE SCI5CE8 ,:Y DO PEOPLE TURN AWAY FROM RADICALISM TO REACTION>Y P]SPECTIVES8 

,:AT WE MU/ REM9D \RSELVES IS ?AT PEOPLE WILL BE PROMPT$ BY !IR CONTEXTS TO GR[ 9TO DIFF]5T COGNITIVE /RATEGIES4 ,A *ILD ?AT'S BEAT5 = EX]CIS+ 9QUISITIV5ESS WILL QUITE RATIONALLY DECIDE ?AT ?9K+ IS A BAD /RATEGY 9 LIFE4 ,IT'S (T5 QUITE RATIONAL TO /OP BE+ RATIONAL1 OR AT LEA/ TO AB&ON 9TELLECTUAL VIGILANCE4 7,!RE >E MANY COMPET+ POPUL> DEF9ITIONS ( 0RATIONALITY10 SOME EXPANSIVE TO ! PO9T :]E !Y DESCRIBE LIT]ALLY ALL POSSIBLE DEVELOPM5TS 9 A NEURAL NET & O!RS F> MORE SPECIFIC & ASPIRATIONAL1 ,I AM NOT DEEPLY W$D$ TO ANY ONE47 

,SOMETIMES :5 ! GOAL IS FEEL+ SM>T RA!R ?AN ACTUALLY BE+ RI<T1 ! MO/ OPTIMAL /RATEGIES >E PO/MOD]N RATIONALIZATIONS ?AT ADD MORE & MORE COMPLICATIONS & SLIPP]Y FALLACIES ( ASSOCIATION 9 A K9D ( FRACTAL WAY UNTIL IT'S TURTLES ALL ! WAY D[N & Y\R 9T]LOCUTOR CAN'T VANQUI% !M AS FA/ AS Y\ CAN G5]ATE !M4 

,P>TICUL>LY COMMON 9 \R SOCIETY IS ! /RATEGY ( 5=C+ RITUALS & SPECTACLES ( PUBLIC MODE/Y ?AT AGGRESSIVELY DRAG Y\RSELF & EV]YONE ELSE D[N TO AVOID ANY ONE ( Y\ EV] BE+ *ALL5G$4 ,OBVI\SLY ?IS IS ! CASE MO/ ( ! TIME :5 ! \TRAG$ H[LS />T ( 0,H[ CAN Y\ CLAIM TO KN[ ANY?+8 ,NO ONE KN[S ANY?+6 ,Y\'RE JU/ A CONFUS$ SLOB LIKE ! RE/ ( US6 ,H[ D>E Y\ PUT ON AIRS60 ,TOO FREQU5TLY PEOPLE 9 ?IS SITUATION />T TALK+ PA/ EA* O!R ) 5TIRELY DIFF]5T NOTIONS ( HUMILITY4 

,PEOPLE >E DEEPLY AFRAID ( SCI5CE'S POT5CY4 ,SCRAT* ?AT1 IT'S MU* BROAD]3 ,PEOPLE >E DEEPLY AFRAID ( 9TELLECTUAL VIGILANCE4 ,!Y'RE AFRAID ( FIELDS !Y HAV5'T /UDI$4 ,!Y'RE AFRAID PEOPLE WILL COME AT !M ONE DAY ) SOME?+ FROM BEYOND !IR HORIZONS ?AT OV]TURNS & %AKES UP !IR CORE P]SPECTIVES OR N>RATIVE ( SELF4 

,! REASON COMM5TATORS TRY TO F5CE 9 SCI5CE1 MAKE IT TRIVIAL OR 9CID5TAL TO \R LIVES IS BECAUSE !Y CAN FEEL ! MAGNITUDE ( ITS PHILOSOPHICAL IMPACTS LURK+4 ,!RE >E1 AFT] ALL1 NO A PRIORI TRU?S4 ,JU/ DEEPLY SE$$ PRIORS ?AT CAN BE OV]RUL$ BY SUFFICI5T CONDITIONS4 ,PHYSICS MI<T V]Y WELL REVEAL ?AT CAUSALITY OR TIME ITSELF DON'T WORK ! WAY WE DEVELOP A WORK+ ASSUMPTION ( AT A V]Y Y\NG AGE4 ,PHYSICI/S >E UNAFRAID ( OV]TURN+ ! K9D ( 9TUITIONS BIOLOGY OR \R =MULATIVE EXP]I5CES HAVE BUILT 9TO US1 BUT = LOTS ( PEOPLE !RE'S A CATA/ROPHIC S5SE ( V]TIGO -- & SOON AFT]1 RAGE4 ,H[ D>E Y\6 

,YET ALL WE HUMANS EV] DO IS MODEL ! WORLD4 ,EV5 LOGIC & ! MO/ *]I%$ AXIOMS >E JU/ MODELS ?AT HAVE TO BE *OS54 ,WE SEE PATT]NS & LOOK = /RONG] PATT]NS4 ,TO DISC\NT ! SE>* = ! /RONGE/ POSSIBLE PATT]NS IS TO CA/ ONESELF TO ! W9DS ( HAPP5/ANCE4 ,& ULTIMATELY IT RISKS UNMOOR+ ONE FROM ANY GOOD REASON TO EV5 BELIEVE 9 O!R PEOPLE'S EXI/5CE4 ,IF Y\ HAVE SOME K9D ( DEEP ASSUMPTION AB\T ! UNIV]SE OR EV5 H[ Y\ ?9K & SCI5CE REVEALS DEEP FAILURES ( Y\R MODEL OR BETT] ALT]NATIVES Y\ HAVE TO PO/ULATE AN 9CREAS+LY CONSPIRATORIALLY EXT5D$ & IMPLAUSIBLE ALT]NATIVE EXPLANATION ( H[ ! SCI5TIFIC CONS5SUS IS RIFE ) SOMEH[ SY/EMATICALLY UNSE5 FAILURES4 ,SOON Y\'VE ADD$ PILES & PILES ( R$UNDANT OR UNNECESS>Y COMPLEXITIES1 EV5 MAGICAL 9T]V5TIONS4 ,Y\ >E PULL$ MORE & MORE T[>DS SOLIPSISM4 

,& YES1 SURE1 ?IS CAN FEEL FREE+4 ,PEOPLE ) LITTLE AG5CY 9 !IR WORLD (T5 F9D ANY S5SATION ( 'POSSIBILITY' FREE+1 EV5 9CORRECT OR DELUD$ POSSIBILITY4 ,!RE'S AN UNLIMIT$ NUMB] ( MODELS 9COH]5T 9T]NALLY OR ) ONE'S EXP]I5CES1 & !Y'RE ALL RELATIVELY EASILY MORPHABLE 9TO ONE ANO!R4 ,?IS FRE$OM ( M9D CAN BE EXHIL>AT+1 BUT IT (F]S A FALSE & LIMIT$ FRE$OM1 BECAUSE A FAILURE TO UND]/& ! WORLD >\ND Y\ MEANS AN 9ABILITY TO MOVE IT4 

,! RADICAL IMPULSE IS CRITICAL4 ,IT'S LONG BE5 NOT$ ?AT PEOPLE ) SOME BASIC 9TELLIG5CE BUT NO DEEP DRIVE (T5 REALIZE !Y CAN 0>GUE0 ANY?+ &1 UPON SU* REALIZATION1 /OP1 FAIL+ TO EXAM9E ! META-*>ACT]I/ICS & TOPOLOGIES TO SU* EXPANSES ( POSSIBLE 0>GUM5TS40 ,BECAUSE ! UTILITY ( VIGILANCE IS NOT IMM$IATELY OBVI\S !IR 9/9CT TO RIGOR\SLY EXAM9E ATROPHIES & !Y GET AWAY ) IT BY SIMPLY UPP+ ! COMPLEXITY UNTIL NO ONE CAN MANAGE TO CALL \T ALL !IR MI/AKES4 ,I ONCE HE>D AN #h YE> OLD PR(ESSOR S9C]ELY >GUE ?AT -- NEV] M9D !IR 9DIVIDUAL P]SUASIV5ESS OR COH]5CY -- BECAUSE HE HAD MORE DI/9CT >GUM5TS = CREATIONISM IT WAS !RE=E CORRECT4 

,WE'RE PLAY+ ! 0H[ CAN WE USE WORDS TO FIGURE DYNAMICS \T0 GAME1 BUT SO MU* ( SOCIETY IS 9/9CTIVELY PLAY+ ! 0H[ CAN WE USE WORDS TO MANIPULATE & GET :AT WE WANT0 GAME1 HABITS ?AT HAVE BE5 ADOPT$ BY ! NAIVE AS WELL4 ,?AT SORT ( ?+ IS NOT A CONV]SATION & IT'S C]TA9LY NOT WOR? BO!R+ )4 ,Y\ CAN ALWAYS >BITR>ILY 9CREASE ! COMPLEXITY ( A /UPID >GUM5T TO F5D (F CRITIQUE4 ,! =MULA IS SIMPLE3 />T ) SOME L\D POPULI/ APPEALS TO COMMON EV]YDAY AB/RACTIONS1 MODELS1 OR LANGUAGE 7H[EV] UNF\ND$7 & P\R ON SUPPORT+ CLAIMS & EXCUSES ) 9CREAS+ COMPLEXITY UNTIL *ALL5G+ !M IS TOO EXHAU/+4 ,?R\< ?IS PROCESS Y\ CAN M>%AL >MIES :5EV] Y\ LIKE4 

,!RE >E 9F9ITE POSSIBILITIES :5 Y\ AB&ON COH]5CE1 SIMPLICITY & EMPIRICISM4 ,BUT ! 9F9ITE IS BOR+1 IT'S A QUAGMIRE4 ,:AT SCI5CE REPRES5TS IS ! W9N[+ D[N ( ! 9F9ITE1 ! PURSUIT ( ! MO/ FASC9AT+LY UNIQUE POSSIBILITY 7OR POSSIBILITIES74 

,! PROBLEM ) ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE ISN'T ?AT IT'S UNFALSIFIABLE2 FALSIFIABILITY1 :ILE C]TA9LY A USEFUL 9DICATION1 ISN'T ABSOLUTELY CRITICAL TO SCI5CE1 & !RE'S NO?+ UNSCI5TIFIC AB\T PO/ULAT+ ?AT ! 5TIRE WORLD MI<T BE AN ILLUSION4 ,EV5 ?\< WE MAY LABEL EXT5SIVE ?9K+ AB\T IT AS UNFRUITFUL1 WE /ILL NOTE ! POSSIBILITY & >E HONE/ AB\T IT4 ,& -- AS ) ,BOLTZMANN BRA9S -- !RE >E EV5 FR+E CONSID]ATIONS ?AT C\LD HAVE RAMIFICATIONS OR RELEVANCE OR TE/ABILITY4 ,?9K+ AB\T MODELS 9VOLV+ REALITY BE+ SIMULAT$1 = EXAMPLE1 HAS PROMPT$ PEOPLE TO N>R[ D[N POSSIBLE SIGNATURES GIV5 C]TA9 ASSUMPTIONS REG>D+ ! HIDD5 REALITY ?AT CAN BE COMP>$ ) EXP]IM5T4 ,! UNSCI5TIFIC LEAP IS JU/ H[ WILDLY >BITR>Y ! CLAIMS >E ONCE Y\ GET BEYOND ! M]E /ATEM5T ?AT \R 5TIRE IMPRESSION ( MAT]IAL REALITY C\LD BE A LIE4 ,!RE'S A V]Y L>GE 9F9ITY ( POSSIBLE CONFIGURATIONS ( HIDD5 REALITIES1 ( :I* ,*RI/IAN ,SCI5CE'S CLAIMS AB\T ,GOD ETC >E BUT ONE4 ,!Y SAY SUFF]+ IS AN ILLUSION BUT :Y NOT CLAIM ?AT NON-SUFF]+ IS ! ILLUSION8 ,:Y NOT PO/ULATE ?AT WE'RE ALL 9 ! DREAM ( A COSMIC GRE5 %EEP8 ,ETC4 

,A MODEL ) 9F9ITE >BITR>Y P>AMET]S IS A BAD MODEL4 ,OR AT LEA/ IT'S UN9T]E/+1 OR A BAD MODEL ON :I* TO PR$ICATE COMMUNICAT+ OR COLLABORAT+ ) O!RS4 ,HELL1 WE NE$ TO F9D UNIQUE PO9TS )9 ! SPACE ( POSSIBLE MODELS ?AT EV]YONE ELSE CAN ID5TIFY JU/ TO BE ABLE TO MEET EA* VIA ?OSE FRAMEWORKS4 

',*RI/IAN ,SCI5TI/S' LOVE TO CLAIM ?AT !IR CONCLUSIONS FOLL[ FROM A PRIORI 9TROSPECTION1 BUT ! MORE BROADLY & VIGILANTLY ONE 5GAGES ) ! WORLD ! MORE ONE SEES JU/ H[ LIMIT$ 9TROSPECTION CAN BE & PRONE TO CONFUSION OR ACCID5TAL SELF DELUSION4 ,! LANGUAGE ( SUBJECTIVE EXP]I5CE & 9TROSPECTION IS RIDDL$ ) ]RORS ?AT IT ALONE IS 9CAPABLE OR DRAMATICALLY 9EFFICI5T AT RECOGNIZ+4 ,:]EAS COGNITIVE SCI5CE PROVIDES US ) ANO!R USEFUL VANTAGE PO9T TO 9TEGRATE & RECTIFY !SE MI/AKES4 ,AT ! 5D ( ! DAY ! PRESUMPTION ( FULLY A PRIORI M$ITATION IS SIMPLY NOT AS GOOD A FRAMEWORK AS ! NEUROLOGICAL MODEL & ANY QUE/ION Y\ WANT ANSW]$ 9 ! =M] CAN BE REVEAL$ ?R\< ! LAT] AS EI!R MORE EFFICI5TLY & DIRECTLY ANSW]ABLE OR POORLY POS$ & ?US ULTIMATELY UNANSW]ABLE 9 ANY MODEL4 ,CONSCI\SNESS1 ! SELF1 & ! IDEOLOGICAL $IFICES BUILT 9 ! LANGUAGE ( SUBJECTIVE EXP]I5CE >E 9 MANY WAYS SPOOKS1 ]RORS1 N>RATIVE SIMPLIFICATIONS ) FRAY+ $GES TO !IR USEFULNESS UPON ANY CLOSE 9VE/IGATION1 AK9 TO :5 M>XI/S TALK 9 MY/ICAL WAYS AB\T ,CAPITALISM OR PRIMITIVI/S AB\T ,CIVILIZATION AS A MOV+ SPIRIT MORE ?AN ! SUM ( ITS P>TS4 ,! 5TIRE C>TESIAN ASSUMPTION ( AN A PRIORI VANTAGE PO9T IS ULTIMATELY A FAULTY MODEL :5 EXAM9$ FROM ALL ANGLES OR PU%$ TO ITS BREAK+ PO9TS4 

,( C\RSE SOMEONE C\LD RETORT 9 A ,Z]ZAN-ESQUE VE9 ?AT ! ONLY REAL REALITY IS IMM$IATE S5SATION & ANY CONCEPTUAL PROCESS+ ( ?AT -- ANY MODEL+ ( ANY K9D -- IS ! 0AB/RACTION40 ,NEV]M9D H[ EASY IT IS TO V]IFY ?+S LIKE \R BL9D SPOTS & OPTICAL PROCESS+ DEFECTS1 \R IMM$IATE S5SATIONS OR QUALIA >E NOT JU/ (T5 WRONG1 !Y HAVE TO BE HEAVILY PROCESS$ BY NEURAL COLUMNS = US TO MAKE S5SE ( !M 9 ANY WAY ?AT CORRESPONDS TO ! WORLD WE 9T]ACT )4 ,9DE$ ! LESS 0MODEL+0 WE DO ! LESS WE'D BE ABLE TO SEE OR HE>4 ,& IF Y\ ATTEMPT TO DISC\NT ?OSE WELLWORN 9SI<TS ( NEUROSCI5CE ! NUMB] ( O!R ?+S Y\ MU/ DISC\NT TO DO SO SPREADS 9 EFFECT QUITE RAPIDLY & DRAMATICALLY4 ,ESPECIALLY IF Y\ HAVE ANY 9/9CT T[>DS 9TELLECTUAL VIGILANCE4 

,!RE IS A K9D ( CIRCUL>ITY H]E1 BUT IT %\LD REALLY BE VIEW$ AS A MATT] ( FE$BACK4 ,IF Y\'RE 9T]E/$ 9 P>S+ ?R\< Y\R S5SATIONS 9 PURSUIT ( DEEP] RELATIONS1 Y\'LL DISCOV] ?AT ANY RIGOR\S EXAM9ATION REVEALS ! SUP]FICIALITY ( 0IMM$IATE IMPRESSIONS40 ,& CONV]SELY IF Y\ WALL Y\RSELF (F FROM SU* 9VE/IGATIONS1 IF Y\ *AMPION ! REACTION>Y IDEOLOGY ?AT IMM$IATISM IS ALL ?AT MATT]S1 Y\ CAN IGNORE ANY?+ ELSE4 ,H[EV] !RE'S A DIFF]5CE BETWE5 !SE TWO POSITIONS4 ,RADICALISM IS A /ABLE & ATTRACTIVE EQUILIBRIUM1 :]EAS REACTIONISM IS UN/ABLE UND] P]TURBATION4 ,ONCE Y\ />T 9VE/IGAT+ Y\'RE QUITE LIKELY TO 5C\NT] EVID5CE ?AT Y\R IMM$IATE IMPRESSIONS >E WRONG & ?AT DEEP] DYNAMICS EXI/1 :I* 9CREASES Y\R EVALUATION ( H[ USEFUL ROOT-SEEK+ IS4 

,H[EV] ! WAY FROM ONE EQUILIBRIUM TO ! O!R IS NOT ALWAYS AN EASY SLIDE4 ,IF ONE REVOLTS AT ! ?\<T ( SE>*+ TO CL>IFY FUNDAM5TAL DYNAMICS !N ONE WILL REVOLT AT ! V]Y IDEA ( 9VE/IGAT+ A DEF9ITION ( 0SCI5CE0 ?AT ISN'T ALL-9CLUSIVE ( EV]Y ASSOCIATION1 EV]Y APPROPRIAT+ *>LATAN1 & EV]Y RHETORICALLY DRESS$ UP ATROCITY4 ,:AT ONE MI<T CALL ! PO/MOD]N 9/9CT HAS BE5 TO REJECT BREAK+ AP>T CONCEPTUAL BUNDLES TO ID5TIFY SEP>ABLE SUB-DYNAMICS & 9/EAD SPEAK ( 'REAL EXI/+ SCI5CE' -- ! 5TIRETY ( EV]Y?+ ITS NAME GETS SLAPP$ ON -- & LOOK = FUZZY T5D5CIES ACROSS ?IS AB/RACTION4 ,?IS APPROA* TAKES ! MACROSCOPIC AB/RACTION AS F\NDATIONAL1 C]TA9 R\< COMMONALITIES AS *>ACT]I/IC QUALITIES1 & !N H&LES ANY EXCEPTIONS OR ADDITIONAL COMPLEXITIES BY MEANS ( P]PETUALLY APP5D+ FOOTNOTES & EXCUSES4 ,GREAT = JU/IFY+ PEOPLE'S PREEXI/+ IMPRESSIONS1 OP9IONS1 OR ALLEGIANCES4 ,T]RIBLE AT BETT] MAPP+ ! DYNAMICS AT PLAY4 ,AS SU* IT'S 9CAPABLE ( SPURR+ PROGRESS OR MEAN+FUL *ANGE4 

,CONCLUSION 

,IT GOES )\T SAY+ ?AT WE %\LDN'T WA/E \R LIVES FI<T+ A W> OV] EV]Y PREF]R$ DEF9ITION4 ,LANGUAGE IS (T5 FLUID1 & NOT EV]Y T]M CAN BE R$EEM$4 ,A 0LANGUAGE0 IS (T5 REALLY =K$ 9TO MANY SIMULTANE\S LANGUAGES & !RE CAN BE /RATEGIC & EMPA?IC VIRTUES 9 SWAPP+ BETWE5 !M4 ,BUT IT'S ALSO IMPORTANT TO HAVE \R T]MS DESCRIBE ! MO/ MEAN+FUL REALITIES OR DI/9CT DYNAMICS !Y CAN4 ,GAP+ CONCEPTUAL HOLES1 UNSPOK5 OR UNSPEAKABLE REALITIES 9 A GIV5 LANGUAGE1 CAN 5D UP HAV+ A HUGE IMPACT 9 \R LIVES & IMP$+ \R CAPACITY TO FI<T4 ,LANGUAGE DET]M9ES :AT WE FOCUS ON BY DEFAULT1 :AT GETS LEFT AS AWKW>D ADD5DA1 & ?US :AT LOOPS ( DEBATE WE MO/ FREQU5TLY RETREAD TRY+ TO GET AT REALITIES \TSIDE ! T]MS WE HAVE AVAILABLE4 

,:5 POSSIBLE IT'S GOOD PRACTICE TO %IFT \R LANGUAGE TO CLE>] & MORE CONCEPTUALLY DI/9CT & WORKABLE DEF9ITIONS ( T]MS1 REG>DLESS ( POPUL> ASSOCIATIONS4 ,?IS IS AFT] ALL ! F\NDATION ( \R R$EF9ITION ( AN>*Y4 0,AN>*Y0 IS A NEBUL\S WORD :OSE USE V>IES WILDLY4 ,BUT ITS MO/ WIDESPREAD ASSOCIATIONS BEYOND ! AN>*I/ MILIEU BUNDLE 9 ! ASSUMPTION ?AT !RE CAN BE NO FRE$OM FROM ! OPPRESSIVE DYNAMICS ( RUL]%IP1 ?AT \R ONLY SPEAKABLE *OICE IS BETWE5 FRACTUR$ OR UNIFI$ P[] /RUCTURES4 ,AN>*ISM WAS F\ND$ ON A REVOLT AGA9/ ?IS ORWELLIANISM1 & IT HAS RETA9$ 5\< DI/9CTIV5ESS TO SPUR RESI/ANCE TO APPROPRIATION ( ?AT T]M BY NEONAZIS1 CAPITALI/S1 & MAOI/S AS \R RESPECT HAS RIS54 

,! SITUATION ) SCI5CE IS SIMIL>4 ,!RE IS A %>PLY DI/9CT SUBSET )9 :AT GETS CALL$ 0SCI5CE0 :O FEW W\LD D5Y QUALIFY AS SCI5CE4 ,?IS SUBSET IS A LOT MORE DI/9CT 9 C]TA9 WAYS ?AT MATT] ?AN ! 0ANY EMPIRICISM0 SET & UNFETT]$ BY ITS FAIL+S4 ,! PRES5T WIDESPREAD ID5TIFICATION ( SCI5CE ) ! M]ELY ANY?+ EMPIRICAL OR DATA-RELAT$ CONSI/5TLY 9VALIDATES BY ASSOCIATION ! VALID WORK ( ?IS SUBSET1 = :OM !RE IS PRES5TLY NO O!R ID5TIFY+ T]M AVAILABLE BESIDES 0SCI5CE40 ,FUR!R ?IS SUBSET WAS :O SCI5CE WAS ORIG9ALLY C5T]$ ON1 :O IT APPROPRIAT$ FROM1 & IT'S A SUBSET ?AT HAS VEHEM5TLY & VOCALLY RESI/$ ! WID] DEF9ITION4 ,IT HAS ACCUMULAT$ V>I\S SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS1 CULTURES1 & O!R P>ASITES >\ND ITS PRACTICE BUT !SE >E OBVI\SLY DI/9CT FROM ! CORE IDEA4 

,! SCI5CE ?AT LIES AT ! CORE ( & DRIVES ANY?+ ONE MI<T CALL 0SCI5CE0 IS *>ACT]IZ$ BY A RADICAL IMPULSE3 TO SE>* = ! MO/ DEEPLY ROOT$ PATT]NS1 TO PU% BEYOND ! EXI/+ OR ! IMM$IATE1 9TO EXTREMES1 TO LOOK = :AT CAN BREAK & H[1 & TO NOT BE AFRAID ( ?R[+ EV]Y?+ \T1 ALL 9 ORD] TO BETT] GRASP :AT IS POSSIBLE4 

,WE NE$ TO BE HUMBLE AB\T ! COMPLEXITY ( \R WORLD1 BUT AUDACI\S 9 SE>*+ = MODELS ANYWAY4 ,WE MU/ REJECT ! TRAUMATIZ$ MEWL+ ?AT 0Y\ CAN'T EV] KN[ ANY?+0 OR ! ABUSIVE 0H[ D>E Y\ COMP>E ?+S0 BUT ALSO %Y AWAY FROM ACCEPT+ %ALL[ IMPRESSIONS4 

,?IS IS ! BEAT+ HE>T ( SCI5CE & IT IS :AT HAS DRIV5 ITS RISE1 RECTIFI$ ITS MI/AKES1 & CONT9UALLY RESI/$ ITS CAPTURE BY P[]4 ,IT IS :AT MAKES IT ! MO/ FECUND SITE = RESI/ANCE 9 \R WORLD TODAY4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#a1 #bba 3 ,SCI5CE ,AS ,RADICALISM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,SCI5CE ,AS ,RADICALISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/