,*APT] #b 
,! ,SOCIALISM ( ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 

#aidaid 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,GUY ,ALDR$ 

,TEXT 3 

,SLI<TLY REVIS$ FROM A %OR?& REPORT ( AS LECTURE DELIV]$ AT ! ,SEAMORE ,PICTURE ,H\SE1 ,GLASG[1 ,OCTOB] #b#e?1 #a#i#a#e4 

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,MY SUBJECT TONI<T IS 0,! ,SOCIALISM ( ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS40 ,9 'DEAL+ ) ?IS SUBJECT1 ,I MAY SAY A FEW ?+S ?AT WILL COME AS A SURPRISE TO MANY OR?ODOX ,SOCIALI/S :O MAY BE PRES5T1 & TO /RANG]S :O KN[ NO?+ AB\T ,SOCIALISM OR ! MOVEM5T4 ,:AT ,I %ALL SAY WILL NOT BE FROM ! /&PO9T ( WI%+ TO %OCK PEOPLE1 BUT FROM ?AT ( $UCAT+ !M4 ,IF :AT ,I SAY SEEMS A LITTLE /RANGE OR NEW1 !RE=E1 MY HE>]S %\LD REMEMB] ?AT1 FROM TIME TO TIME1 WE COME UP AGA9/ FACTS & IDEALS :I* >E /RANGE4 ,! /RANGE1 H[EV]1 IS NOT TO BE RES5T$ NECESS>ILY4 ,! /RANGE MAY GRADUALLY 5LI<T5 & SO *ANGE =MS & IDEAS4 

,WILLIAM ,MORRIS IS APPRECIAT$ GREATLY 9 ! WORLD ( CAPITALI/ CULTURE4 ,?AT IS TO SAY1 HE IS SPOK5 & IS WRITT5 AB\T A GREAT DEAL4 ,:ILE !RE IS QUITE A NUMB] ( PEOPLE :O HAVE MU* EVIL TO URGE AGA9/ ,SOCIALISM1 !RE IS A VA/ NUMB] :O HAVE NO?+ BUT GOOD TO SAY AB\T ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS4 ,?AT IS NOT BECAUSE ,MORRIS WAS GOOD4 ,IT IS PURELY A CU/OM TO SPEAK WELL ( ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 9 ORD] TO BE REG>D$ AS OCCUPY+ A C]TA9 POSITION 9 ! WORLD ( >T & LETT]S4 ,WILLIAM 0,MORRIS POSSESS$ A C]TA9 AM\NT ( SELF-CONFID5CE1 & BY VIRTUE ( ?AT CONFID5CE1 & HIS MONEY1 HE =C$ ! WORLD TO RECOGNIZE HIS MA/]%IP 9 ! F9E >TS4 

,9 \R RELIGI\S 9/ITUTIONS1 FOLK TALK AB\T ,JESUS ,*RI/1 MEAN+ ! MY?2 BUT !RE IS NOT A S+LE P>SON :O KN[S OR C>ES AB\T ,JESUS ! MAN1 HIS TYPE1 OR HIS CLASS AMONG ! M9I/]S :O >E PREA*+ 9 ,GLASG[ TO-NI<T4 ,!Y TALK & PRAY1 BECAUSE IT IS ! CU/OM TO DO SO4 

,:5 PEOPLE TALK ( LIT]ATURE1 DISCUSS AU?ORS & POETS1 !Y MO/ FREQU5TLY >E NOT CONC]N$ ) UND]/&+ ! POETS OR AU?ORS1 BUT >E TAK5 UP 5TIRELY ) GETT+ AN EASY POSITION4 ,BY FLATT]+ SOME RECOGNIZ$ 9/ITUTION 9 LIT]ATURE1 !Y HOPE TO BE RECOGNIZ$ AS LITT]ATEURS4 

,?AT IS ! POSITION ( ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS4 ,?AT IS :Y Y\ F9D CRITICS 9 >TS PRAIS+ HIM1 NOT BECAUSE ( HIS ,SOCIALISM1 BUT TRY+ TO PRAISE HIM 9 SPITE ( HIS ,SOCIALISM1 BY PRET5D+ ?AT >T IS A V]Y IMPORTANT ?+ ITSELF & SOME?+ ?AT HAS NO PLACE 9 ,SOCIALISM4 ,!Y DO NOT REALIZE ?AT >T & LIT]ATURE CAN HAVE NO REALITY )\T ,SOCIALISM3 ?AT ALL CULTURE IS DEVOID ( MEAN+1 IS %AM & HYPOCRISY1 UNLESS Y\ COME D[N TO ! FUNDAM5TAL ECONOMIC QUE/ION4 

,WILLIAM ,MORRIS WAS BORN 9 ! #a#h#c#d4 ,MORE OR LESS ?AT WAS AN EV5TFUL P]IOD 9 ,BRITI% HI/ORY4 ,! YE> #ahcd WAS ! BEG9N+ ( ! PRES5T CON/ITUTIONAL REGIME 9 ,BRITA94 ,IT SAW ! CLOSE ( ?AT P]IOD ( /RUGGLE = ! RI<TS ( POLITICAL 9DEP5D5CE ON ! P>T ( ! PEOPLE :I* BEGAN ) ! P]IOD ( ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION & W5T ON ?R\< ! ,NAPOLEONIC ,W>S4 ,ALIVE AT ! TIME :5 ,MORRIS WAS BORN W]E A NUMB] ( P]SONS :O HAD MADE A H>D /RUGGLE = ! FREE PRESS1 = ! ,RI<TS ( ! ,PEOPLE TO UND]/& POLITICS 3 P]SONS :O HAD SUFF]$ YE>S 9 PRISON = BLASPHEMY & S$ITION UND] ABSURD ,ACTS ( ,P>LIAM5T4 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS WAS NOT BORN 9TO AN ATMOSPH]E OR 5VIRONM5T ?AT WAS LIKELY TO MAKE HIM 9T]E/$ 9 ?IS /RUGGLE AT FIR/4 ,HE WAS BORN 9 AN ATMOSPH]E ( MIDDLE-CLASS RESPECTABILITY1 ONE ( RELIGION & CONV5TIONAL ,*>LATANISM4 ,ITS PREVAIL+ IDEA WAS NOT ?AT :I* WORKS ) ! PEOPLE1 BUT ?AT :I* GOES AGA9/4 ! PEOPLE 9 !IR /RUGGLE4 

,9 HIS E>LY YE>S1 ! ONLY ?+ ?AT HE SECUR$ 9 ! WAY ( KN[L$GE & CULTURE :I* 9FLU5C$ HIS ,SOCIALISM1 WAS HIS LOVE ( H]ALDRY1 & A T5D5CY TO WOR%IP ?+S :I* SEEM$ 5TIRELY \T ( DATE ) ! COMM]CIAL P]IOD 9 :I* HE LIV$--A T5D5CY TO PLUNGE 9TO -,GO?IC >*ITECTURE4 ,?IS LA/$ ?R\<\T HIS LIFE1 & 9FLU5C$ HIS LAT] IDEAS4 

,D[N TO ! 0FIFTIES0 !RE WAS NO?+ GREAT 9 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS'S LIFE4 ,9 ?AT YE> HE W5T TO ,OX=D1 :]E1 HE TOOK UP ) ! ,HI< ,*UR* ,P>TY AGA9/ ! ,L[ ,*UR* ,P>TY2 AN ACT :I* AFT]W>DS 9FLU5C$ HIS ,SOCIALISM4 

,MORRIS1 9 HIS LOVE = ,GO?IC ,>*ITECTURE1 WAS EXPRESS+ NOT ! OLD ,PAGAN T5D5CY ( ANCI5T & ,IMP]IAL ,ROME1 BUT /ILL A ,PAGAN T5D5CY2 ! ,PAGAN T5D5CY ( ! ANCI5T B>B>IANS1 ( ! ,GO?S1 & ( ! PEOPLE :O BELIEV$1 NOT 9 P>ASITIC >T OR 9 EFFEM9ATE >T AS ! ,GREEKS BELIEV$1 BUT :O BELIEV$ 9 >T :I* REPRES5T$ ! JOY ( LIFE4 ,?R\<\T HIS LIFE1 ,MORRIS CONSI/5TLY *]I%$ HIS SYMPA?Y = ,GO?IC ,>*ITECTURE ON ?IS ACC\NT2 BECAUSE IT REPRES5T$ LIFE'S B>B>IAN E>NE/NESS AGA9/ MOCK SOCIETY'S CULTUR$ %AM1 & EXPRESS$ ! RI* JOY ( LABOR AS OPPOS$ TO ! MIS]Y ( M]E TOIL4 

,?IS B>B>IAN T5D5CY CAME \T 9 HIS LOVE ( M$IEVALISM & F\ND EXPRESSION 9 HIS ASSOCIATION ) ! ,HI< ,*UR* ,P>TY4 ,! ,L[ ,*UR* ,P>TY 9 ,5GL& HAS MU* 9 COMMON ) ! ,NON-,CON=MI/ ,P>TY1 & IS ALMO/ ID5TICAL ) ! LATT] 9 ITS PREJUDICES AGA9/ SAC]DOTALISM & JOY 9 WOR%IP4 ,LIKE ! ,NONCON=MI/ ,P>TY1 ! ,L[ ,*UR* FACTION BELIEV$ 9 WOR%IP+ ,GOD 9 ! SIMPLE/ =M POSSIBLE4 ,(T51 ?IS MEANT ! UGLIE/ & MO/ SEV]E4 ,?IS VIEW REFLECT$ ! PIETY ( ! TIME ( ,OLIV] ,CROMWELL1 ! P]IOD :5 ! JOYS ( ,K+ ,*>LES' M]RY C\RT & PR(LIGATE PLEASURE CODE W]E ABOLI%$ 9 FAVOR ( /]N1 RIGOR\S1 DISCIPL9E4 ,9 MANY WAYS1 HIS VIRTU\S \TLOOK WAS QUITE GOOD1 BUT IT WAS COMPLETELY JOYLESS4 ,?AT V]Y JOYLESSNESS CONDEMN$ IT TO COLLAPSE1 BECAUSE IT IS NOT NATURAL = A MAN TO WANT TO SP5D ALL HIS LIFE 9 A P5IT5TI>Y4 ,YET ?AT IS :AT ! EVANGELICAL & NONCON=MI/ \TLOOK AM\NTS TO4 

,WILLIAM ,MORRIS CAU<T ! 5?USIASM ( ! ,HI< ,*UR* ,P>TY & ! ,PAGANISM BEH9D IT4 ,! CONSEQU5CE IS ?AT WE F9D HIM OBTA9+ A RI* UND]/&+ ( ! SYMBOLISM ( >T4 

,AFT] SOME TIME1 ,MORRIS DISC>D$ ! IDEA ( BECOM+ A PRIE/ & GO+ 9TO ! S]VITUDE ( ! ,*UR*4 ,HE DET]M9$ TO BECOME AN >*ITECT2 & WE HAVE A4 RECORD ( HIM /UDY+ >*ITECTURE = SOME TIME4 ,BUT COM+ UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( ,ROSSETTI1 HE AB&ON$ ! IDEA 9 FAVOR ( BECOM+ A PA9T]4 ,MEANTIME1 HE HAD BE5 /UDY+ >*ITECTURE BECAUSE ( HIS LOVE = ! ,GO?S & ! ,GO?IC >*ITECTURE4 ,?R\< ?IS AB&ONM5T ( LOVE HE GA9$ A GREAT PRACTICAL KN[L$GE ( >*ITECTURE & ! PURSUIT ( >T-->T WORK$ \T = ITSELF & NOT PURSU$ ) LEISUR$ EASE 9 A M]E P>ASITICAL /UDY4 ,HE WAS A MAN :O C\LD EMBODY = HIMSELF ! ALMO/ =GOTT5 & MISUND]/OOD T5D5CY ( ! ,PAGAN ,GO?S4 

,?IS MAN CAME 9TO CONFLICT ) A WORLD FULL ( %AM1 A WORLD ,*RI/IAN & EVANGELICAL 9 ! WOR/ S5SES ( ?OSE MU* ABUS$ T]MS2 NOT ,*RI/IAN 9 ! ROBU/1 PRIMITIVE S5SE ( GOOD WORKS OR ( RI<TE\SNESS2 BUT ,*RI/IAN 9 ! LAT] POLITICAL E/ABLI%$ S5SE ( ?AT MIS]ABLE CONTEMPTIBLE ,PAGAN COMPROMISE ( ,*UR* & ,CON/ANT9E2 ,*RI/IAN 9 ! S5SE ( ! CORRUPTION ( ! F\R? & FIF? C5TURIES4 

,9 #a#h#g1 ,MORRIS BEGAN TO GET 9T]E/$ 9 POLITICS4 ,PREVI\SLY1 HE HAD KEPT ASIDE FROM POLITICS BECAUSE HE FELT IF HE HAD TO GIVE HIS 5]GY TO POLITICS1 IT W\LD BE NECESS>Y TO CA/ ASIDE ALL HIS >T & LIT]ATURE & LOVE ( PA9T+1 & LOVE ( /UDY+ ?IS & ?AT PHASE ( ANCI5T H]ALDRY4 ,IT MEANT ?R[+ AWAY ! V]Y RI* LIFE & *>M ( M$IEVALISM :I* BELONG$ TO HIM4 

,MORRIS WAS IMPELL$ BY ?IS 9T5SE REV]5CE = ! PA/ TO *ALL5GE ! GREAT RE/ORATION MOVEM5T :I* SWEPT OV] ! L& 9 ! 0SEV5TIES40 ,?IS WAS A MOVEM5T TO 0RE/ORE0 ANCI5T *UR*ES1 AGA9/ :I* ,MORRIS PROTE/$1 ON ! GR\ND ?AT ! 0RE/ORATION0 ( ANCI5T *UR*ES MEANT !IR ABOLITION4 ,ACCORD+LY1 HE =M$ A SOCIETY TO PREV5T ?IS 0RE/ORATION10 EXCEPT :]E IT SIGNIFI$ ONLY ! KEEP+ \T ( W9D & RA94 

,I CONFESS ?AT4 P]SONALLY1 ,I AM NOT A GREAT DEAL 9T]E/$ 9 M$IEVALISM4 ,I ?9K ?AT ! FUTURE WILL BE A GREAT DEAL MORE 9SPIR+ ?AN ! PA/1 & ?AT ! PRES5T IS ! MAT]IAL \T ( :I* TO CON/RUCT ?AT FUTURE4 ,BUT ,MORRIS WAS EXPRESS+ TO ! FULL HIS [N P]SONALITY4 ,?AT IS ! GREAT LESSON ( HIS LIFE1 & ?AT %\LD BE ! GREAT AIM ( EV]Y ONE ( US PRES5T H]E TONI<T4 ,WE %\LD BE \RSELVES1 & NOT CLO!S-PROPS1 ELEGANTLY OR %ABBILY >RAY$1 ACCORD+ TO CIRCUM/ANCES1 9 SUITS COMPOS$ ( O!R M5'S ?\<TS & DOGMAS4 

,WE HAVE TO REMEMB] ?AT NO MAN CAN BELONG1 TRULY1 TO ANY P>TY OR SECT4 ,EA* ONE ( US %\LD1 & MU/1 BELONG TO \RSELVES4 ,! 9DIVIDUAL IS GREAT] ?AN ! NATION4 ,IF EA* 9DIVIDUAL WILL 9SI/ ON BELONG+ TO HIM OR H]SELF1 & WILL EXPRESS TRULY !IR VIEW ( ?+S1 A TRUE RELATION%IP WILL SPR+ UP & UNITE 9 BONDS ( H>MONY ! M5 & WOM5 ( ALL L&S4 

,WILLIAM ,MORRIS WAS A ,SOCIALI/ AFT] HIS [N K9D1 & WE MU/ BE ,SOCIALI/S AFT] \R K9D4 ,BR\<T BY \R SIMIL> CIRCUM/ANCES TO A C]TA9 COMMON UND]/&+1 WE /ILL CAN F9D OPPORTUNITY = AMPLE EXPRESSION ( \R [N P]SONALITIES4 

,WE KN[ ?AT ,BRITA9 IS ! NOBLE/ C\NTRY ! WORLD EV] HAS SE54 ,WE ALL KN[ ?AT !RE IS NO K+ :O HAS HAD ANCE/ORS :O BELIEV$ SO MU* 9 LIB]TY1 AS \R PRES5T ,K+1 ,GEORGE ,V4 ,WITNESS ,GEORGE ,I,I41 ,GEORGE ,I,I,I41 ,GEORGE ,I,V4 ,WITNESS ?OSE :O PLAC$ ! /AMP-TAX ON KN[L$GE4 ,WITNESS ! SUFF]+ & IMPRISONM5T ( ! WORK]S & ! PIONE]S ( POLITICAL FRE$OM UND] !SE SOV]EIGNS4 

,9 #a#h#g1 ,RUSSIA WAS 9T]E/$ 9 ! ,BULG>IAN ATROCITIES4 ,WE ALL KN[ H[ POLITICIANS LIVE ON ATROCITIES4 ,PRIME ,M9I/]S1 LIT]ALLY ?RIVE ON ATROCITIES4 ,NO S+LE GOV]NM5T W\LD BE ABLE TO KEEP GO+ IF IT WAS NOT = ATROCITIES4 ,! WORK+ M5 ( ALL C\NTRIES >E SO *IVALR\S4 ,!Y NEV] ?9K ( ! SLUMS AT HOME4 OR ( ! />V+ *ILDR5 ?AT 9HABIT !SE CORN]S ( ! HOMEL&2 BUT ANY LITTLE /ORY AB\T PEOPLE ABROAD WILL MAKE !SE SAME WORK]S WEEP COPI\S TE>S4 

,AT ! P>TICUL> P]IOD 9 ! LIFE ( ,MORRIS TO :I* ,I AM REF]R+ N[1 ,BRITA9 WAS ! BE/ FRI5D ( ! ,TURKS4 ,RUSSIA1 9 ! 0SEV5TIES10 GOT (F ON A MORALITY CAMPAIGN1 BUT ,BRITA9 BACK$ UP ,TURKEY 9 H] ATROCITIES 9 ,BULG>IA4 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS CAME 9TO ! POLITICAL >5A & PROTE/$ AGA9/ ?IS4 ,LIB]ALS & ,RADICALS W]E PROTE/+ ALSO4 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS ALLI$ HIMSELF TO ! ,LIB]AL ,P>TY 9 CONSEQU5CE1 BUT GAVE AN 5TIRELY NEW 9T]PRETATION TO ! ,EA/]N ,QUE/ION4 

,HE BEGAN TO DESPISE ! MIDDLE-CLASS4 ,HE SAW ?AT ITS ,LIB]ALISM WAS BUT A MAKE%IFT1 & ?AT HE HAD NO?+ 9 COMMON ) ! ,RADICAL ,P>TY4 ,HE CAME TO SEE ?AT HIS [N P]SONAL CLASS W]E ! WOR/ CLASS 9 SOCIETY4 ,HE OBS]V$ ! 5]GY ?AT REPOS$ 9 ! WORK+ PEOPLE1 5]GY ?AT MU/ BE LET LOOSE1 5]GY ?AT MU/ BE DRIV5 OR P]SUAD$ 9 ! RI<T DIRECTION BE=E WE CAN HAVE A DEC5T SOCIETY4 ,SO HE BEGAN TO EXAM9E ! ,EA/]N ,QUE/ION 9 ?IS MOOD4 ,HE VIEW$ IT NOT AS A POLITICAL QUE/ION BUT AS A QUE/ION :I* GAVE EXPRESSION TO ECONOMIC T5D5CIES 9 SOCIETY1 :I*4 WAS P>T ( ONE GREAT QUE/ION -- ! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORLD4 ,FROM ?IS TIME =W>D1 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS BECAME A ,SOCIALI/4 

,9 #a#h#h#c1 ,MORRIS TOOK ! GREAT PLUNGE & JO9$ ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC ,F$]ATION1 :]EBY HE WAS BR\<T 9TO FULL CONTACT ) ! ,SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T 9 ?IS C\NTRY4 ,AT ! HEAD ( ! ,S4,D4,E4 WAS ,H4 ,M4 ,HYNDMAN4 ,MR4 ,HYNDMAN WAS A POLITICIAN PURE & SIMPLE4 ,HE BELIEV$ 9 A C]TA9 IDEA ( ,POLITICAL OR ,P>LIAM5T>Y 

,SOCIALISM--REALLY CAPITALI/ /ATE COLLECTIVISM--:I* HE IMAG9$1 OR PRET5D$ TO IMAG9E1 REPRES5T$ REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALISM4 ,UN=TUNATELY1 ,HYNDMAN WAS ACCEPT$ AT HIS [N VALUATION4 

,WORK+ CLASS EXP]I5CE LAYS D[N C]TA9 FIR/ PR9CIPLES ( ,SOCIALISM = ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T TO ACCEPT4 ,!SE PR9CIPLES >E EXPRESS$ 9 ! ANALYSIS ( CAPITALISM & ! EXPOSITION ( SURPLUS VALUE4 ,HE SAID TO ! WORK]S 9 EFFECT3 0,Y\ HAVE NO RI<TS 9 SOCIETY4 ,Y\ DO NOT C\NT4 ,Y\ HAVE NO P[] :]EBY TO GIVE WEI<T TO Y\R WI%ES OR ?\<TS4 ,CONSEQU5TLY1 Y\ HAVE NO 9FLU5CE4 ,Y\ HAVE C]TA9 DUTIES TO P]=M 9 ORD] TO LIVE & Y\ >E P]MITT$ TO GO AB\T !SE DUTIES & TO LIVE1 SO LONG AS Y\ CAN SELL Y\R LABOR-P[]4 ,! MOM5T Y\ >E UNABLE TO SELL Y\R LA-H\R-P[]1 Y\ HAVE NO RI<T TO EXI/5CE1 & Y\ MU/ DIE40 

,?AT DICTUM WAS TRUE :5 FIR/ PROP\ND$4 ,! SAME DICTUM IS TRUE TO-DAY4 ,9 ! PRES5T W>1 ?OSE 9 AU?ORITY DO NOT SAY TO US3 0,Y\ >E CITIZ5S6 ,CONSID] N[1 IS W> RI<T8 ,IS IT RI<T = US TO GO TO W>80 ,NO6 !Y SAY3 0,WE >E AT W> & WILL MAKE Y\ GO4 ,COME-- OR BE FET*$60 ,:5 !Y MAKE PEACE1 !Y WON'T SAY3 0,Y\R VALOR MAKES Y\R PRES5CE DESIRABLE AT ?IS DISCUSSION & SETTLEM5T ( T]MS40 ,!Y WILL MAKE PEACE )\T \R AID1 BECAUSE !Y [N & CONTROL US ECONOMICALLY & POLITICALLY & EV]Y O!R WAY4 ,:51 F9ALLY1 WE DO BECOME CITIZ5S IT WILL NOT BE ) ! AID ( ANY K+'S >MY1 BUT WE %ALL BECOME CITIZ5S 9 OPPOSITION & 9 ANTAGONISM TO ! OLD 9FLU5CE ( ?OSE :O LIVE ON SURPLUS VALUE4 ,MEAN:ILE1 WE >E 0,MY ,PEOPLE60 

,K>L ,M>X GAVE EXPRESSION TO ?IS CLASS W> 9 SOCIETY1 ?IS FUNDAM5TAL CLEAVAGE ( ASPIRATION & PURPOSE BEGOTT5 ( ECONOMIC ANTAGONISM1 9 A WAT*WORD :I* HAUNT$ ,EUROPE3 0,WORK]S ( ALL L&S1 UNITE6 ,Y\ HAVE NO?+ TO LOSE BUT Y\R *A9S2 Y\ HAVE A WORLD TO GA960 

,HE ?US PROCLAIM$ A TRU?4 ,?IS TRU? IS TRUE /ILL4 ,M>X1 9 EXPRESS+ IT1 EXPLA9$ ?AT HIS ,SOCIALISM WAS SOME?+ 5TIRELY OPPOS$ TO ALL EXI/+ CONDITIONS ( SOCIETY4 ,IT WAS OPPOS$ TO ! FAMILY IDEA2 IT 9VOLV$ FREE-LOVE2 & IT WAS OPPOS$ TO ! /ATE4 ,M>X SAID1 IF NECESS>Y1 ,SOCIALISM W\LD NOT HESITATE TO HE CONCEIV$ 9 VIOL5CE4 ,HE CALL$ ITS BIR? ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION1 MEAN+ A COMPLETE *ANGE ( SOCIETY1 NOT M]E P>LIAM5T>Y REVOLUTION1 BUT ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION1 SOME?+ MORE FUNDAM5TAL ?AN A *ANGE ( MA/]S-AN 5TIRE ALT]ATION ( ! SOCIAL SY/EM1 A RADICAL TRANS=MATION ( ITS /RUCTURE4 

,9 #a#h#g#d1 :5 ,HYNDMAN'S ,DEMOCRATIC ,F$]ATION1 :I* AFT]W>DS BECAME ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC ,F$]ATION WAS BORN1 ,WILLIAM ,LIEBKNE*T UNIT$ ! SMALL ,M>X P>TY ) ! L>G] ,LASSALLE P>TY1 ) ! RESULT ?AT A NEW ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY WAS BORN1 OPPOS$ TO REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/ PR9CIPLES1 & UN9T]E/$ 9 ! WAT*WORD ( PROLET>IAN REVOLT4 ,?IS P>TY REPRES5T$ ! SURR5D] ( ! WORK]S TO ! SMALL TRAD]S' 9T]E/S4 ,IT WAS ESS5TIALLY MIDDLE-CLASS1 ESS5TIALLY RE=MI/1 ESS5TIALLY COM=TABLE1 ESS5TIALLY WANT+ 9 ALL G5IUS ( REVOLUTION4 ,ITS WAT*WORD WAS ,LASSALLE'S CRY3 0,?R\< UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE TO VICTORY40 

,?IS WAT*WORD !N REPRES5T$1 & CONT9U$ TO REPRES5T ,HYNDMAN'S IDEAL4 ,HYNDMAN SWUNG 9 ) ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC MOVEM5T ORGANIZ$ BY ,LIEBKNE*T1 & BECAME ITS PIONE] 9 ,BRITA91 BECAUSE ! POLITICAL REVOLUTION IT AIM$ AT ACCOMPLI%+ 9 ! DIFF]5T C\NTRIES WAS TO E/ABLI% A DIFF]5T GOV]N+ CLASS1 & NOT TO A*IEVE A COMPLETE SOCIAL 9SURRECTION4 

,MORRIS UND]/OOD ECONOMICS BUT DID NOT HAVE AN 9TELLECT ADAPTABLE TO GRAPPLE ) DIALECTICAL ECONOMICS4 ,HE TOOK HIS [N G5IUS1 HIS KN[L$GE ( M$IEVALISM & ! EXPRESSION ( HIS S5SE ( ! JOY ( LABOR 9TO ! ,SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T4 ,HE GAVE IT HIS POETIC VISION & UND]/&+ ( LIFE1 & ! JOY ( BE+ :I* ,M>X NEV] BR\<T 9TO IT4 ,! CONSEQU5CE WAS ?AT ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS MADE A DI/9CT CONTRIBUTION TO ,SOCIALI/ ?\<T1 BUT PURELY BECAUSE HE WAS HIMSELF & NOT BECAUSE HE TRI$ TO MODEL HIMSELF AFT] SOMEONE ELSE4 

,MORRIS1 ! POET1 A MAN :O SAW ! REAL NATURE ( >TI/IC VALUES2 ,MORRIS1 :O SAW & SAID ?AT TRU? WAS TRU?1 CAME 9TO CONTACT ) ,HYNDMAN & SAW ?AT HE WAS A POLITICIAN /RA9+ ALL HIS FACULTIES TO A C]TA9 5D1 NAMELY1 A POLITICAL SUCCESS UND] A SY/EM :]E ALL SUCCESS MU/ BE %ALL[ & PRET5TI\S2 A POLITICAL SUCCESS :I* MADE ,JOHN ,BURNS POSSIBLE1 :I* ALL[S A POLITICIAN FROM ! RANKS ( LABOR TO GET ON1 BUT LEAVES ! WORK]S AT ! 5D ( ! J\RNEY :]E !Y W]E AT ! BEG9N+ ,MORRIS WAS NOT A ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRAT = A YE> :5 HE BROKE AWAY & F\ND$ ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE4 ,HE REALIZ$ ?AT ECONOMIC CONTROL IS BEH9D EV]Y?+ ELSE4 ,HE REALIZ$ ?AT MANY ( HIS LATE FRI5DS W]E M]ELY ,*>LATANS PLAY+ ! GAME = !IR [N 5DS2 ,*>LATANS LIKE ! ,PR(ESSORS ( ,PHILOSOPHY 9 \R UNIV]SITIES1 ! HUMBUGS WE PUT 9TO P[] & 9TO 9TELLECTUAL AU?ORITY OV] US4 ,IF PEOPLE W]E TRUE TO !IR >T1 !Y W\LD NOT TOL]ATE !SE SLEEK PURVEYORS ( UNWISDOM 9 ! POSITION TO :I* !Y HAVE ELECT$ !MSELVES4 

,MORRIS'S ,SOCIALISM1 EXPRESS$ 9 HIS POEMS1 HIS CONTRIBUTIONS TO ,! ,COMMONWEAL1 & 9 HIS LECTURES1 WAS ?AT ECONOMIC WAS GREAT] & MORE IMPORTANT ?AN POLITICAL CONTROL4 ,?AT IS ! MESSAGE :I* ,I WANT TO DRIVE HOME TO-NI<T4 ,!RE CAN BE NO TALK ( WORK+-CLASS POLITICAL P[] 9 ?IS1 OR 9 ANY O!R SOCIETY4 ,!RE MU/ BE AN 5D ( POLITICAL P[] 9 SOCIETY IF ! WORK]S >E TO HE FREE4 ,?AT 5D WILL CORRESPOND ) ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION & A CLE> UND]/&+ ( ! ECONOMIC POSITION ( ! PEOPLE1 ?AT WILL COME :5 !Y TRY TO ANALYZE ! CONDITIONS ( SOCIETY1 & ASK !MSELVES :Y MAN IS ! SLAVE ( ! MA*9E4 

,MORRIS WANT$ COMRADE%IP2 COMRADE%IP :]E NO REAL COMRADE%IP C\LD EXI/2 & = ?IS REASON HE WAS NOT AN IDEAL ,SOCIALI/4 

,LAT]1 ,MORRIS WAS TORN BETWE5 ! *>LATAN P>LIAM5T>Y ELEM5T1 :I* DID NOT WANT ACTION1 & ! ,AN>*I/ ELEM5T1 :I* IS SUPPOS$ TO BE V]Y REVOLUTION>Y & EXTREME1 BUT :I* IS LACK+ 9 ! REAL G5IUS ( REVOLUTION AS A CIVIL FACTOR4 ,?IS ,AN>*I/ ELEM5T PREA*$ VIOL5CE & BOMBS & DYNAMITE4 ,IT ATTRACT$ TO ITS CAUSE POLICE SPIES4 ,BUT AFT] ALL1 Y\ DO NOT *ANGE IMAG9ATION & GIVE UND]/&+ TO PEOPLE BY ?R[+ BOMBS4 ,WE ALL BR+ \R CONTRIBUTION ( GUILT & WE ALL BR+ \R CONTRIBUTION ( COMMONS5SE & \R CONTRIBUTION ( SLAV]Y TO ?IS 9TOL]ABLE SY/EM ( SOCIETY1 :I* MAKES SLAVES ( US ALL4 

,?IS ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T MEANT REALLY RESPECT+ NO?+1 NOT EV5 ITS [N PR9CIPLES4 ,AFT] ALL1 MAN IS A SOCIAL PROBLEM & HIS 9TEGRITY MATT]S TO HIMSELF1 BUT !RE IS AN 9TEGRITY :I* BALANCES SOCIETY & ! REAL SOCIETY ( ! FUTURE4 ,MORRIS W\LD NOT APPROA* ! EVIL ?+4 ,HE SAW ?AT M]E VIOL5CE W\LD LEAD NO:]E4 ,HE KNEW1 IF HE C\LD GET ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ! PEOPLE DIRECT$ T[>DS A S5SE ( ! POETRY & ! DRAMA ( ! REVOLUTION2 IF HE C\LD GET !M TO UND]/& ! POETRY ( EV]Y HOME 9 ,EUROPE2 IF HE C\LD GET !IR IMAG9ATION /IMULAT$ UNTIL !Y SAW ALL ! PA/ DE/9Y ( MAN1 & ! PRES5T SUFF]+S ( ! SLAVES 9 EV]Y ATTIC & 9 EV]Y CELL> ( SLUML&1 !RE W\LD >ISE A4 PEOPLE AGA9/ :OSE LIB]TIES NO ONE W\LD D>E CONSPIRE1 A PEOPLE :O W\LD BE NO MORE A M]E PRO/ITUTE CIVILIZATION4 ,MORRIS ?\<T ?AT IF HE C\LD TAKE ! PEOPLE SELL+ !IR LABOR P[] & %[ !M ! LI<T1 SL[LY LET DRIP 9TO !IR LIVES ! MUSIC ( ! WAT] ( UND]/&+1 ?AT W\LD BE ! BEG9N+ ( A NEW $UCATION4 

,MORRIS W5T BACK TO ! P>LIAM5T>Y P>TY1 MU* TO ! DELI<T ( POLITICIAN & W>-MONG]1 ,H4 ,M4 ,HYNDMAN4 ,REJOIC+ AT ?IS DEVOLUTION 9 HIS 0,FUR!R ,REM9ISC5CES10 PUBLI%$ 9 #a#i#a#c1 ,HYNDMAN SAYS ?AT1 9 #ahhi !RE WAS -- 

0,AN ACTIVE RIVALRY1 NOT TO SAY ANTAGONISM1 BETWE5 ! ,S4,D4,F4 & ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE SIMIL> TO ?AT :I* EXI/$ 9 ,FRANCE BETWE5 ! ,M>XI/S & ! ,POSSIBLI/S40 

,HYNDMAN'S SUGGE/ION IS ?AT ! ,S4,D4,F4 WAS ,M>XI/ & REVOLUTION>Y1 & ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE ,POSSIBLI/ & ,RE=MI/4 ,BUT ,HYNDMAN KNEW1 :5 HE P5N$ ?IS SUGGE/ION1 ?AT ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE WAS NOT ORGANIZ$ TO BE LESS ADVANC$1 BUT TO BE MORE ADVANC$ ?AN ! ,S4,D4,F4 ,IT WAS ESS5TIALLY A PROPAG&I/ ORGANIZATION4 ,TO COMP>E ,MORRIS'S ,COMMONWEAL ) ,HYNDMAN'S ,JU/ICE W\LD BE TO CL9* ?IS TRUISM4 

,I DO NOT PRET5D TO DRAW ANY GREAT DI/9CTION BETWE5 ! ,M>XI/S & ! ,POSSIBLI/S1 BECAUSE ! ,M>XI/S DO NOT GR\ND !MSELVES ON ! PHILOSOPHY ( ,M>X1 BUT ON HIS 9TRIGUES & AMBITIONS :I* F9ALLY BETRAY$ ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION>Y ASPIRATION TO P>LIAM5T>Y COMPROMISE4 

,MORRIS LE>N$ TO DESPISE PALLIATORS & P>LIAM5T>ISM DUR+ HIS MEMB]%IP ( ! ,LEAGUE4 ,HE AGRE$1 9 ?IS1 ) ! CONSI/5T TEA*+ ( ,M>X #ahdh TO #ahga & OPPOS$ NO LESS ! CONSI/5T EXAMPLE ( ,M>X FROM #ahga TO #a#h#h#c4 ,ON HIS RETURN TO ! ,S4,D4,F41 ,MORRIS COMPROMIS$ ALIKE 9 HIS CONTEMPT = PALLIATORS & HIS OPPOSITION TO P>LIAM5T>ISM4 ,& SO PR\D WAS ,JU/ICE1 ! ,S4,D4,F4 ORGAN1 ( ,MORRIS'S REVISIONISM1 ?AT1 9 #a#i#a#c1 IT REPR9T$ FROM ITS COLUMNS ( #a#h#i#d1 0,WAT ,TYL]'S0 9T]VIEW ) HIM1 AFFIRM+ ?IS SORRY RETROGRESSION4 ,AT ,MORRIS'S BLESS+ ( ITS PALLIATIVES & EULOGY ( ! BALLOT-BOX ,JU/ICE REJOICES6 ,YET ,HYNDMAN W\LD LEAD HIS READ]S TO BELIEVE ?AT ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE WAS AN ,ANTI-,M>XI/ ORGANIZATION BECAUSE IT /OOD = ,POSSIBLISM4 ,IT MAY HAVE BE5 ,ANTI-,M>XI/ 9 SOME S5SES BUT IT WAS C]TA9LY ALSO AN ,ANTI-,POSSIBLI/1 ?AT IS1 A TRUE REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/ ORGANIZATION4 ,HYNDMAN'S PLAC+ %[S H[ HI/ORY IS WRITT54 ,WELL6 ,WELL66 

,MORRIS W5T BACK TO ! P>LIAM5T>Y P>TY1 A BROK5 PROPAG&I/4 ,BUT HE DOES NOT LIVE AS A P>LIAM5T>IAN4 ,RAMSAY ,MAC,DONALD CANNOT QUOTE HIM AS A P>LIAM5T>ISM4 ,MORRIS LIVES = HIS REVOLUTION>Y \TLOOK4 ,HE SURVIVES = HIS BELIEF 9 ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 = HIS CAU/IC C5SURES ( P>LIAM5T>ISM4 ,REMOVE ,MORRIS'S OPPOSITION TO P>LIAM5T>ISM & Y\ KILL HIS WORK1 Y\ /IFLE HIS G5IUS1 Y\ TRAMPLE D[N HIS VISION & HIS EV]Y A*IEVEM5T AS A PIONE]4 ,MORRIS LIVES 9 ,SOCIALI/ HI/ORY AS AN ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>IAN4 

,TODAY1 :5 C]TA9 0,SOCIALI/0 ADV5TUR]S >E TELL+ US ?AT ,SOCIALISM IS A PURELY SECOND>Y MATT]2 IF ONE CAN MA/] ! MESSAGE ( ,MORRIS1 IT IS TO REALIZE ?AT ,SOCIALISM NOT ONLY DOES MATT]1 BUT ?AT IT IS ! REALITY2 ?AT \R LIVES >E ! REALITY2 & ?AT ,SOCIALISM AGA9/ ! W>1 ,SOCIALISM AGA9/ M]E PACIFISM EV51 ,SOCIALISM AGA9/ CAPITALISM1 IS ! MESSAGE4 

,:AT WE NE$ TODAY IS TO BE A LITTLE MORE EXACT1 A LITTLE MORE DET]M9$4 ,WE CAN HE TRUE TO ,SOCIALISM ( ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS ONLY BY TAK+ A GR& CONCEPTION ( ! REALITY & NECESSITY ( ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4 

,MORRIS DI$ 9 #a#h#i#f4 ,A FEW YE>S HAVE ELAPS$ S9CE ?AT TIME4 ,BUT WE DO NOT SEEM TO BE MAK+ MU* PROGRESS4 ,:AT WE WANT N[ IS NOT ! IDEALI/ BUT ! ,M,A,N4 ,MORRIS IS DEAD4 ,?\< HE DOES NOT LIVE1 HIS EXPRESSION ( ! T5D5CIES ( A C]TA9 P]IOD ( ,BRITI% HI/ORY1 & HIS BR++ TOGE!R ( IDEAS FROM DIFF]5T EPO*S 9 SOCIETY1 WILL 9SPIRE O!RS TO LIVE4 

,!RE >E ?OSE :O WOR%IP ! MAN1 :O RAVE AB\T HIS POETRY4 ,I HAVE SPOK5 ( !M ALREADY4 ,TO O!RS ,I W\LD SAY3 IF WE MU/ RESPECT ! MAN & M5TION HIS NAME1 LET US DO SO TRULY1 ,DON'T LET US M5TION ! MAN & GO ON S]V+ A PRO/ITUTE PHILOSOPHY ( MURD]1 :I* ! PRES5T IS4 ,IF WE MU/ WOR%IP ! MAN1 DON'T LET US M5TION HIS NAME 9 ! SAME BREA? OR 9 ! SAME >TICLE :I* ASKS A MAN TO SLAY HIS FELL[4 ,MORRIS HAS A MESSAGE = ,SOCIALI/S4 ,IT IS TO BELIEVE 9 ,SOCIALISM4 ,ANY MAN :O CAN RECONCILE HIS 7,MORRIS'S7 ,SOCIALISM ) ! PRES5T DAY ,SOCIETY1 DOES NOT UND]/& ,MORRIS1 & DOES NOT RECOGNIZE :AT ,SOCIALISM IS4 

,SOCIALISM IS H]E TO BECOME PRACTICAL4 ,?AT SORT ( 0,SOCIALI/ >MY0 :I* FALLS CL[N BE=E K+S2 :I* 0BELIEVES0 9 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS2 :I* 0BELIEVES0 9 ,SOCIALISM & ! CALL ( >T2 :I* BELIEVES 9 MILIT>Y DISCIPL9E2 :I* BELIEVES 9 NO MAN'S CONSCI5CE & HAS FAI? 9 NO MAN'S CONSCI5CE1 IS IMPOSSIBLE4 

,WILLIAM ,MORRIS'S CALL IS A S]I\S ?+4 ,IF WE ACCEPT ! CALL ( ,SOCIALISM2 IF WE FEEL ITS IMP]ATIVE NECESSITY1 !N WE MU/ TAKE & WE> \R >MOR4 ,SOCIALISM IS SOME?+ S]I\S4 ',:5 ,SOCIALISM AWAK5S 9 US A REAL LOVE IT MU/ COME TO LIFE & PROVE IRRESI/IBLE4 ,!N WE %ALL /&1 ,TRU? AGA9/ ,FALSEHOOD1 ,H>MONY AGA9/ ,DISCORD4 ,! BATTLE WILL PROVE ! CONSUMMATION ( ALL ! PREC$+ /RUGGLES1 ! 5D ( ! MILIT>ISM ( ALL ! C\NTRIES ( ! WORLD1 ( ! ACCURS$ CAPITALI/ SY/EM :I* IS BEH9D MILIT>ISM1 & POLITICAL IMBECILITY4 

,! IDEAL ( REALIZ+ ONESELF 5TIRELY 9 H>MONY ) ONE'S FELL[S1 ?AT IS ! IDEAL ( ! MESSAGE ,I WANT TO DELIV] TO-NI<T4 

,WILLIAM ,MORRIS & ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>ISM 

,WILLIAM ,MORRIS EXPLA9$ HIS ATTITUDE T[>DS P>LIAM5T>ISM 9 A LETT] ?AT HE ADDRESS$ TO ,BRUCE ,GLASI] FROM ,KELMSCOTT ,H\SE1 ,HAMM]SMI?1 ON ,MAY #a#i1 #ahhh 3-- 

0,I QUITE AGREE ) Y\R VIEWS AB\T ! FUTURE ( ! ,LEAGUE & ! DUE POSITION ( A REVOLUTION>Y P>TY ( PR9CIPLE AS TO ITS DEAL+S ) ,P>LIAM5T4 4 4 4 

0,AS TO MYSELF1 Y\ MAY BE SURE ?AT ,I WILL NOT BE P$ANTICALLY /IFF AB\T NON-ESS5TIALS4 ,AT ! SAME TIME !RE >E C]TA9 CONVICTIONS :I* ,I CANNOT GIVE UP4 ,& 9 ACTION1 !RE >E C]TA9 C\RSES :I* ,I CANNOT SUPPORT4 

0,IF Y\ WILL RE-READ ! $ITORIAL TO ! FIR/ NUMB] ( ! WEEKLY ,COMMONWEAL Y\ WILL SEE MY POSITION /AT$ EXACTLY AS ,I %\LD /ATE IT N[1 & :I* WAS ! POSITION TAK5 BY ALL ( US :5 ! 7,SOCIALI/7 ,LEAGUE WAS FIR/ F\ND$4 ,IF ! LEAGUE REV]SES ITS VIEWS ON !SE PO9TS IT /ULTIFIES \R ACTION 9 LEAV+ ! ,S4,D4,F41 & BECOMES A DIFF]5T BODY FROM ?AT :I* ,I FIR/ JO9$4 ,I %\LD1 !RE=E1 BE =C$ TO MY V]Y GREAT SORR[1 TO LEAVE IT1 NOT = ! PURPOSE ( SULK+ 9 MY T5T1 BUT 9 ORD] TO TRY SOME O!R =M ( PROPAG&A4 

0,I \<T N[ TO EXPLA9 :AT W\LD DRIVE ME \T ( ! ,LEAGUE1 & H[ F> ,I C\LD MEET \R FRI5DS :O >E SO ANXI\S TO HAVE US TAKE P>T 9 ,P>LIAM5T>Y ACTION47#a,L4 ,A M]E AB/RACT RESOLUTION ?AT WE MI<T HAVE TO S5D MEMB]S TO ,P>LIAM5T AT SOME TIME OR O!R W\LD NOT DRIVE ME \T4 ,BUT ,I BELIEVE1 ) Y\1 ?AT1 :ATEV] !Y MAY ?9K1 \R P>LIAM5T>Y FRI5DS W\LD NOT BE ABLE TO /OP !RE1 & ?AT A NECESS>Y CONSEQU5CE ( ! PASS+ ( ! ,CROYDON RESOLUTION W\LD HAVE TO BE ! ISSUE (  A PROGRAM 9VOLV+ ELECTIONE]+ 9 ! NE> FUTURE1 & ! IMM$IATE PUTT+ =W>D ( A PROGRAM ( PALLIATIVE MEASURES TO BE C>RI$ ?R\< ,P>LIAM5T2 SOME SU* PROGRAM1 9 %ORT1 AS ! ',/EPP+ ,/ONES' ( ! ,S4,D4,F41 :I* ,I ALWAYS DISAGRE$ )4 

0,SU* A /EP ,I C\LD NOT SUPPORT2 = ,I C\LD NOT ,DR5* 9 FAVOR ( SU* MEASURES 7S9CE ,I DON'T BELIEVE 9 !IR EFFICACY7 )\T LY+ & SUBT]FUGE1 :I* >E1 SURELY1 ALWAYS ANTI-SOCIAL4 

0,I HOPE Y\ UND]/& MY POSITION4 ,I RECAPITULATE3-- 

0#a4 ,UND] NO CIRCUM/ANCES WILL ,I GIVE UP ACTIVE PROPAG&A1 

0#b4 ,I WILL MAKE EV]Y EF=T TO KEEP ! ,LEAGUE TOGE!R4 

0#c4 ,WE %\LD TREAT ,P>LIAM5T AS A REPRES5TATIVE ( ! 5EMY4 

0#d4 ,WE MI<T1 = SOME DEF9ITE PURPOSE1 BE =C$ TO S5D MEMB]S TO ,P>LIAM5T AS REBELS4 

0#e4 ,BUT UND] NO CIRCUM/ANCES TO HELP TO C>RY ON ! ,GOV]NM5T ( ! C\NTRY4 

0#f4 ,&1 !RE=E1 WE \<T NOT TO PUT =W>D PALLIATIVE MEASURES TO BE C>RI$ ?R\< ,P>LIAM5T1 = ?AT W\LD BE HELP+ !M TO GOV]N US4 

0#g4 ,IT ! ,LEAGUE DECL>ES = ?IS LATT] /EP IT CEASES TO HE :AT ,I ?\<T IT WAS1 & ,I MU/ TRY TO DO :AT ,I CAN \TSIDE IT4 

0#h4 ,BUT %ORT ( ?AT ,I WILL WORK 9SIDE4 IT40 

,ITEMS #c1 #d1 #e1 #f1 & #g READ TOGE!R >E V]Y DEF9ITE1 & COMPLETELY REFUTE ! ATTEMPT ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY TO CLAIM ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS1 9 HIS ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE DAYS1 AS A *AMPION ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY POLICY4 ,MORRIS H]E DEF9ITELY REPUDIATES ALL PALLIATIVE PROPOSALS & ! UNIT$ FRONT POLICY ( P>LIAM5T>ISM1 = :I* ! ,C4,P4 /&S4 ,HIS 0REBELS0 >E V]Y DIFF]5T P]SONS FROM ! ,C4,P4 MEMB]S ( ,P>LIAM5T4 ,:AT HE SAYS IS ?AT WE MU/ NOT S5D ,SOCIALI/S TO ,P>LIAM5T AS LEGISLATORS4 ,?AT IS CORRECT4 ,BUT HE HAS NOT ?\<T \T H[ WE %ALL S5D !M4 ,IT IS N[ QUITE CLE>1 ) ! GR[+ COLLAPSE ( P>LIAM5T>ISM1 :AT HAS TO BE DONE4 ,WE CAN WRITE MORE DEF9ITELY1 MORE CLE>LY1 &1 IF LESS BEAUTIFULLY1 YET MORE DI/9CTLY ?AN ,MORRIS4 ,IT IS ALL ! =TUNE ( TIME & CIRCUM/ANCE4 ,WAT* ! EVOLUTION ( ECONOMIC DOCTR9E 3 NOTE ! RESPECTIVE DOCTR9ES ( ! ,PHYSIOCRATS1 ,ADAM ,SMI?1 ,RIC>DO1 & ,MAL?US1 ,SISIMONDI1 & ,/4 ,SIMON1 ON TO ,M>X3 ! GRADUAL YET DEF9ITE EVOLUTION ?AT SO SMOO?LY EFFECTS A COMPLETE REVOLUTION ( VISION & UND]/&+ 9 ! MATT] ( ! DISMAL SCI5CE2 & !N REALIZE ?AT ! VOICE ( ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS1 9EVITABLY1 MU/ BE1 H[EV] P[]FUL1 LESS DI/9CT ?AN \RS TO-DAY4 ,!RE IS SOME?+ IMMORTAL 9 EV]Y ?9K]1 YET ! ?9K] IS NOT IMMORTAL4 ,TO-DAY1 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS'S PO9TS #c1 #d1 #e1 & #f CAN ONLY HAVE ONE MEAN+4 ,P>LIAM5T IS ! REPRES5TATIVE ( ! 5EMY & MU/ HE TREAT$ AS SU*4 ,UND] NO CIRCUM/ANCES MU/ ! WORK]S RETURN MEMB]S TO ,P>LIAM5T TO TALK & TO LEGISLATE4 ,!Y ONLY CAN BE RETURN$1 IF RETURN$ AT ALL1 TO LIQUIDATE & TO ABOLI% P>LIAM5T>ISM3 I4E41 AS REBELS & AMBASSADORS1 TO /ATE ! CASE AGA9/ P>LIAM5T>ISM BE=E ! B> ( ! ,H\SE ( ',COMMONS1 TO REFUSE TO TAKE ANY OA?S OR MAKE ANY DECL>ATIONS ( ALLEGIANCE1 TO DECL9E TO SIT 9 ! ,COMMONS1 TO WORK \TSIDE ON ! /REETS1 PREP>+ WORK]S' OP9ION = ! COM+ SOCIAL *ANGE1 EVOLV+ ! CONCEPTION ( ! NEW SOCIAL ORD]1 BUILD+ UP ! NEW SOCIAL /RUCTURE )9 ! %ELL ( ! OLD4 ,?IS IS ! FUR!/ ONE CAN DEP>T FROM ! COMPLETE BOYCOTT ( ! BALLOT-BOX4 ,& SIDE BY SIDE ) SU* DEP>TURE1 !RE MU/ BE DEVELOP$ A P[]FUL & EFFECTIVE AGITATION = BOYCOTT+ ! BALLOT-BOX SO ?AT ,LABORISM CAN NEV] BE REPRES5T$ 9 P>LIAM5T3 = 9DU/RIALISM1 NOT P>LIAM5T>ISM1 IS ! P>5T ( ! NEW SOCIAL ORD]4 ,LABOR ,P>LIAM5T>ISM IS ! LA/ BULW>K ( CAPITALISM4 ,ITS NEGATION WILL DE/ROY POLITICAL SOCIETY4 

,! P>LIAM5T>IANS W]E R\T$ & ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS N[ F\ND HIMSELF ! C5T] ( A /RUGGLE BETWE5 ! ,COMMUNI/ & ,AN>*I/ ELEM5TS4 ,HE IS PLEAS$ AT ! R\T ( ! P>LIAM5T>IANS1 BUT HAS NO SYMPA?Y ) ,AN>*Y4 ,! DIVISION IS LAM5TABLE BUT NOT DISC\RAG+4 

,MORRIS WRITES TO ,BRUCE ,GLASI] ON ,M>* #a#i1 #a#h#i1 DETAIL+ HIS PESSIMISM & ! GR\NDS = IT4 ,HE ANTICIPATES ! PASS+ ( ! ,COMMONWEAL & ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE1 BUT IS NO LONG] TR\BL$ BY IT4 ,HE ADDS 3-- 

0,SOCIALISM IS SPREAD+1 ,I SUPPOSE1 ON ! ONLY L9ES ON :I* IT C\LD SPREAD3 & ! ,LEAGUE IS MORIBUND SIMPLY BECAUSE WE >E \TSIDE !SE L9ES AS ,I1 = ONE1 MU/ ALWAYS BE3 BUT ,I %ALL BE ABLE TO DO JU/ AS MU* WORK 9 ! MOVEM5T :5 ! ,LEAGUE IS GONE -- AS ,I DO N[4 

0,! MA9 CAUSE ( ! FAILURE1 :I* WAS OBVI\S AT LEA/ TWO YE>S AGO1 IS ?AT Y\ CANNOT KEEP A BODY TOGE!R )\T GIV+ IT SOME?+ TO DO 9 ! PRES5T1 & N[1 S9CE PEOPLE4 WILL WILL+LY LI/5 TO ,SOCIALI/ DOCTR9E1 \R RANK & FILE HAVE NO?+ TO DO40 

,?IS SEEMS A /RANGE & RA!R NAIVE CONCLUSION4 ,:AT CAN ! P>LIAM5T>IANS GIVE !IR RANK & FILE TO DO 9 ! PRES5T8 ,:AT HAVE !Y GIV5 ! RANK & FILE TO DO EXCEPT TO TOIL 9 MIS]Y & EMPLOY !IR SP>E TIME 9 SACRIFIC+ TO MAKE A LEAD]'S C>E] & HOLIDAY8 ,!RE IS REAL WORK = ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>ISM & ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>Y ORGANIZATION TO ATT5D TO3 ! REAL WORK ( 5UNCIAT+ ,SOCIALISM1 ( SPREAD+ ! WORD1 ( EXPOS+ ! FUTILITY ( CAPITALI/ RE=MISM1 ( EMANCIPAT+ ! WORK]S FROM !IR SLAVI% REG>D & RESPECT = CAPITALI/ HONORS & HONOR4 ,IT IS A GIANT'S TASK1 L5D+ 9SPIRATION & CONT5T TO ! LIFE ( EA* MAN & WOMAN :O P>TICIPATES 9 IT3 ! COMPLETE UND]M9+ ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM1 ! DEA? ( AN ALLEGIANCE TO IT 9 ! HE>TS ( M54 ,?AT HE /UMBL$ ON ! ?RE%OLD ( GREATNESS1 ?AT HE FAIL$ SO COMPLETELY 9 F9AL CLE>NESS ( VISION1 E>NS = ,MORRIS \R SORR[4 ,SO NE>--& YET SO F>6 

,H[ /RANGE ?AT IT %\LD REQUIRE SO MANY PHILOSOPH]S TO VISION ! NEW SOCIAL ORD]6 ,H[ AWKW>DLY EA* VISIONS6 ,/4 ,SIMON SAW CLE>LY ! IDEA ,MORRIS WAS GROP+ =1 SAW IT YE>S BE=E ,MORRIS WAS BORN3 ! LIQUIDATION ( ALL POLITICAL SOCIETY1 ! COMPLETE 9DU/RIALIZATION ( SOCIETY4 ,& ,PR\DHON DISCOV]S ! TRUE EXPLANATION ( ! NON-APPEAL ( ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>ISM3 ! T5D5CY ( ! OPPRESS$ TO EXHAU/ ! P[] ( E/ABLI%$ & 5TR5*$ LAW & CU/OM TO ALLEVIATE SOCIAL MIS]Y1 BE=E SW++ TO ! SIDE ( REVOLUTION = ! SOLUTION BY SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,?IS IS ! LAW ( PROGRESS1 ( EVOLV+ SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,9EVITABLE 9H]5T CONS]VATISM :I* SECURES F9ALLY ! TRIUMPH ( ! REVOLUTION4 

,MORRIS WRITES TO ,GLASI]1 9 ,NOVEMB]1 #a#h#i#a1 EXPLA9+ HIS DET]M9ATION TO /& ALO(1 EQUALLY1 FROM UN9=M$ ,AN>*I/4 AGITATION & FROM P>LIAM5T>Y ACTION4 ,HE DESCRIB$ ! TWO P>TIES /RUGGL+ = SUPREMACY 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE3 0! OLD ,COMMUNI/ ONE1 ) :I* IT BEGAN1 & ! ,AN>*I/40 ,! RESULT IS CON/ANT QU>REL4 ,MORRIS ADDS 3---- 

0,I HAVE GONE ?R\< ?IS1 US Y\ WELL KN[1 BE=E2 & ,I AM DET]M9$ NEV] TO /& IT AGA94 ,AS SOON AS !RE >E TWO P>TIES 9 ANY BODY ,I AM 91 !N \T ,I GO40 

,MORRIS EXPLA9S ! POSITION & /R5G? ( ! ,HAMM]SMI? ,BRAN*1 & CONCLUDES ?AT ! BE/ POLICY IS TO BREAK FROM ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE & =M ! ,HAMM]SMI? ,SOCIALI/ ,SOCIETY1 :I* 0WILL DISCLAIM BO? P>LIAM5T>ISM & ,AN>*ISM40 ,HE EXPLA9S HIS FEEL+S3 

0,CALL A G5]AL CONF]5CE'8 ,TO :AT 5D8  ,:AT MORE C\LD WE DISCOV] AT IT ?AN ?AT WE DIDN'T AGREE8 ,BESIDES1 !SE CONF]5CES >E REALLY BOGUS AFFAIRS4 ,9 %ORT MY DE> BOY1 :5EV] Y\ WANT TO GET RID ( ME1 Y\ NE$ NEV] PUT ON Y\R BOOTS4 ,I NEV] WAIT TO HE KICK$ D[N/AIRS40 

,! TRIUMPH ( ! ,AN>*I/S WAS ! 9EVITABLE CONSEQU5CE ( ! JU/IFIABLE EXPULSION ( ! ,BLOOMSBURY ,BRAN*1 & ,MORRIS 9T5D$ HIS >TICLE ON ,DAVID ,NICOLL'S FOLLY AS 0F>EWELL0 TO ! ,LEAGUE4 ,HE HAD NO 9T5TION ( REMA9+ 9 ! ,LEAGUE AFT] ?AT & FI<T+ ! ,AN>*I/S & HE C\LD NOT COOP]ATE ) !M3 

0,=1 9 GOOD TRU?1 ,I W\LD ALMO/ AS SOON JO9 A ,:ITE ,ROSE ,SOCIETY AS AN ,AN>*I/ ONE2 SU* NONS5SE AS ,I DEEM ! LATT]40 

,WE KN[ :AT A BROK5 RE$ ,BRUCE ,GLASI] TURN$ \T TO BE4 ,DAVID ,NICOLL1 :OSE ATTACK ON ,SCOTL& ,Y>D ,MORRIS D5\NC$ AS BE+ FOOLI% & 9EFFECTIVE1 DI$ 9 POV]TY & MADNESS1 YE>S AFT] HIS RELEASE FROM PRISON4 ,IT WAS A PA!TIC SI<T TO SEE HIM AT ,SOCIALI/ MEET+S 5DEAVOR+ TO SELL ! PRODUCTS ( HIS 9SANITY1 = HE HAD BE5 BROK5 9 ! WORK]S' CAUSE4 ,WE REMEMB] HIM WELL AS A FIGURE AT ! ,*&OS ,HALL1 ,*>LOTTE ,/REET ,CLUB1 & ,JUBILEE ,/REET MEET+S 9 ,LONDON4 ,HE WILL BE REMEMB]$ TO ! 5D ( ! WORK]S' /RUGGLE BY HIS NEW V]SION ( ! ,M>SEILLAISE1 WRITT5 9 HIS CLAYS ( HOPE & /R5G? & VALOR\S D$ICATION 3- 

,YE SONS ( FRE$OM1 WAKE6 'TIS MORN+1 

     ',TIS TIME FROM SLUMB] TO >ISE1 

 ,ON HI< ! R$D5'D SUN GIVES W>N+ 

     ,?AT DAY IS H]E1 ! BLACK NI<T FLIES4 

     ,?AT DAY LS H]E1 ! BLACK NI<T FLIES4 

 ,& WILL YE LIE ,9 SLEEP = EV]8 

     ,%ALL TYRANTS ALWAYS CRU% Y\ D[N8 

     ,LO1 !Y HAVE REAP$ & YE HAVE S[N4 

 ,! TIME HA? COME Y\R BONDS TO SEV]4 

,*,O,R,U,S4 

,TO >MS6 TO >MS6 AGA96 

     ,! ,R$ ,FLAG WAVES ON HI<6 

 ,M>* ON6 M>* ON6 

     ,A GALLANT B& 

 ,M>* ON--TO LIB]TY4 

,LONG HAVE YEE HE>D Y\R *ILDR5 WEEP+1 

     ,= BREAD !Y CRI$ 9 VA9 TO Y\4 

 ,:Y DO Y\ LIE !RE DREAM+1 SLEEP+4 

     ,:5 !RE IS WORK & DE$S TO DO8 

     ,:5 !RE IS WORK & DE$S TO DO8 

 ,Y\R LORDS & MA/]S PILE !IR PLUND] 

     ,!Y FEA/ & PREY & DO NOT SP>E4 

     ,BUT FROM Y\R WE>Y TOIL & C>E 

 ,!Y WR+ ! WEAL? AT :I* YE WOND]4 

,*ORUS3 

,?O' =CE & FRAUD ALIKE OPPOSE Y\1 

     ,YET 9 Y\R H& IS SKILL & P[]4 

 ,& ?O' ! TYRANT HO/S 5CLOSE Y\ 

     ,& OV]HEAD ! BLACK CL\DS L[]4 

     ,& OV]HEAD ! BLACK CL\DS L[]4 

 ,YET :AT >E =CE & FRAUD BE=E YE 

     ,BUT AS ! LEAVES ( AUTUMN TREES 

     ,BORNE WILDLY =W>D ON ! BREEZE 

 ,:5 ! /ORM RISES 9 ITS FURY4 

,*ORUS3 

,ON EV]Y SIDE AS L\D AS ?UND] 

     ,! TRAMP ( NATIONS N[ IS HE>D 

 ,5LI/+ FRE$OM'S BANN] UND] 

     ,OB$I5T TO H] SOV]EIGN WORD4 

     ,OB$I5T TO H] SOV]EIGN WORD4 

 ,NO DUNGEONS !N OR *A9S %ALL TAME US 

     ,NOR SC\RGE NOR GALL[S TREE AFFRI<T 

     ,= FRE$OM'S 5SIGN WAV+ BRI<T 

 ,) SCORN (  DANG] DO? 9FLAME US4 

,*ORUS3 

,!RE IS ANO!R V]SION1 9 :I* ! FIR/ L9E ( ! *ORUS HAS BE5 ALT]$ TO 0,>ISE6 >ISE6 YE BRAVE6 0 ,BUT :Y %\LD ! BRAVE >ISE1 IF NOT TO DO BATTLE8 0,TO >MS60 DOES NOT NECESS>ILY IMPLY MURD]4 ,IT MEANS /RUGGLE 5D+ 9 TRIUMPH1 )\T DEPICT+ ! EXACT *>ACT] ( ! /RUGGLE4 ,! ALT]ATION SEEMS A LITTLE HYPOCRITICAL OR1 AT LEA/1 P$ANTIC4 

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