,\R ,MEMORIAL TO ! ,FI<T]S = ,FRE$OM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALEX&RA ,KOLLONTAI 

,TEXT 3 

,S\RCE3 ,ALEX&RA ,KOLLONTAI3 ,SELECT$ ,>TICLES & ,SPEE*ES1 ,PROGRESS ,PUBLI%]S1 #a#i#h#d2 
,FIR/ ,PUBLI%$3 ,PRAVDA1 #f 7#b#c7 ,M>*1 #a#i#a#g4 ,PETROGRAD2 
,TRANSCRIB$3 ,SALLY ,RYAN = M>XI/S4ORG1 #b 

,!RE >E MEMORABLE DAYS 9 ! LIFE ( MANK9D :I* RUN LIKE A GOLD5 ?READ ( POPUL> CELEBRATION D[N ! C5TURIES4 ,!RE >E DAYS :I* >E EQUAL TO C5TURIES 9 ! HI/ORY ( HUMANITY1 & :I* PROCLAIM ?AT1 H[EV] CRUELLY ! PEOPLE MAY BE OPPRESS$ BY VIOL5CE & >BITR>Y RULE1 ! H\R WILL COME :5 A MI<TY1 TRIUMPHANT1 9DE/RUCTIBLE =CE1 ! SPIRIT ( ! FRAT]NAL UNITY ( ! WORK]S 9 CLOSE ALLIANCE ) ! REVOLUTION>Y WILL ( ! DEPRIV$ MASSES - WILL OV]?R[ ! OLD1 \TWORN ORD] ?R\< A P[]FUL UPSURGE ( POPUL> WRA?1 ?R\< ! ONSLAU<T ( DEMOCRACY /IRR$ 9TO H]OIC REBELLION4 

,TODAY IS ! DAY :5 WE >E BURY+ ! H]OIC VICTIMS ( ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION2 TODAY IS A SOLEMN DAY ( JOY & ( M\RN+4 .<#a.> 
,TODAY ! EYES ( ! OPPRESS$ & DEPRIV$ ( ! :OLE WORLD >E TURN$ T[>DS ,RUSSIA1 TO ?IS CITY :]E ! H]OIC RESOLUTION ( ! WORK]S & ! D[NTRODD5 ,RUSSIAN PEASANTRY HAS ?R[N (F ! YOKE ( CZ>I/ AUTOCRACY4 

,TODAY1 AS WE BURY ! H]OIC VICTIMS ( ! REVOLUTION :O GAVE !IR LIVES TO W9 = ! PEOPLE ! GREATE/ RI<T ( ALL-! RI<T TO FRE$OM-WE >E NOT ONLY S++ SONGS ( FRAT]NAL SORR[ OV] ! GRAVES ( !SE H]OES1 BUT ALSO A HYMN ( VICTORY OV] ! GRAVE ( CZ>I/ AUTOCRACY ) ALL ITS CRIMES & BLOOD%$1 ITS OBSCURANTISM1 ITS CRUEL 9DIFF]5CE TO ! SUFF]+S ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE1 ITS S]FDOM1 ITS ABUSE ( ! COMMON SOLDI]S1 ITS CORRUPT CZ>I/ (FICIALS1 ITS PRISONS1 ITS ,SIB]IAN EXILE1 ITS :IPS1 GALL[S1 >BITR>Y VIOL5CE & OPPRESSION4 

,& !RE=E ! SPR+ AIR IS FILL$ NOT ONLY ) SONGS ( M\RN+ = ?OSE :O HAVE FALL5 9 ! /RUGGLE = FRE$OM1 BUT ALSO ) ! MILLIONS ( VOICES ( AN EXULTANT *OIR PROCLAIM+ ! VICTORY ( ! REVOLUTION1 ! CONQUE/ BY ! PEOPLE ( ?AT FRE$OM :I* ALONE MAKES IT POSSIBLE TO WAGE ! /RUGGLE = BREAD1 = PEACE1 = ! CONSOLIDATION 
( ! P[] ( PROLET>IAN DEMOCRACY TODAY1 & SOCIALISM TOMORR[4 

,HI/ORICAL CONDITIONS1 OBJECTIVE EXT]NAL =CES1 PREP>$ ! WAY OV] ! YE>S = ! 9EVITABLE COLLAPSE ( ! OLD P[]1 ! 9EVITABLE DAWN ( #a/ ,M>*1 ! VICTORY ( ! NEW ,RUSSIA2 = DECADES A MORTAL /RUGGLE HAD BE5 WAG$ BETWE5 ! 9DU/RIAL CAPITALI/S & ! L&[N+ >I/OCRACY ( CZ>I/ ,RUSSIA4 ,! IMP]IALI/ WORLD W> AGGRAVAT$ ! CONTRADICTIONS BETWE5 ,RUSSIA OLD & NEW1 BUT IT WAS ONLY ?ANKS TO ! APPE>ANCE ( A LIV+1 ACTIVE1 MILITANT =CE ?AT ! GREAT ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION C\LD TAKE PLACE4 ,?IS LIV+ =CE WAS ! MASS ONSLAU<T ( ! WORK+ CLASS & A PEASANTRY DRESS$ 9 SOLDI]S' GREATCOATS & >M$ ) GUNS4 

,TODAY1 AS WE BURY ! H]OES ( ! REVOLUTION1 ! PROLET>IAT ?R\<\T ! WORLD IS CELEBRAT+ ! TRIUMPH ( ?AT DOCTR9E ! DOCTR9E ( SCI5TIFIC SOCIALISM-:I* 5ABL$ ! ,RUSSIAN SOCIALI/S TO PR$ICT ! 9EVITABILITY & IMM95CE ( ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION1 & TO ORGANIZE ! =CES ( ! PROLET>IAT ALONG ! /RAI<T & PROP] ROAD4 
,TODAY1 :5 WE >E BURY+ NOT ONLY ?OSE :O DI$ = FRE$OM1 BUT ALSO CZ>I/ AUTOCRACY1 REVOLUTION>Y SOCIALI/S1 ?OSE :O ADH]$ RESOLUTELY TO ! DECISIONS TAK5 BY 9T]NATIONAL WORK]S' CONGRESSES1 CAN ALSO CELEBRATE !IR VICTORY4 ,!IR TACTIC1 !IR /RATEGY ( WORK & /RUGGLE1 HAS EM]G$ TRIUMPHANT4 ,NOT ! SLOGAN ('CLASS PEACE' DUR+ ! PR$ATORY1 EXPANSIONI/ W> AMONG ! CAPITALI/ /ATES1 BUT ! SLOGAN ( CLASS W>1 ( CIVIL W>1 ?AT WAS DEF5D$ & IMPLEM5T$ ) SU* HEAVY LOSSES BY ! LEFT W+ ( ,RUSSIAN ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY1 HAS BR\<T ,RUSSIA TO ! GREAT REVOLUTION & GIV5 ,RUSSIAN DEMOCRACY ! VICTORY OV] ! '9T]NAL 5EMY'4 

,! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION IS ALSO A NEW TRIUMPH = ?AT TACTIC1 ! TACTIC ( MASS ACTION BY WORK]S' DEMOCRACY 9 ITS HI<E/ =M ( REVOLUTION>Y UPRIS+ BY ! ORGANIZ$ MASSES1 :I* %\LD S]VE AS ! BASIS ( ! TACTIC ( ! NEW1 ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 ! ,9T]NATIONAL :I* WILL COMPLETE ! GREAT CAUSE BEGUN BY ?OSE :O FELL DUR+ ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION4 

,\R COMRADES 9 O!R C\NTRIES1 ?OSE :O M>* >M 9 >M ) ,LIEBKNE*T 9 ,G]MANY1 ,MAC,LEAN 9 ,5GL&1 ,HAGLUND 9 ,SW$51 WILL BE ) US 9 SPIRIT1 FOLL[+ ! FUN]AL PROCESSION ) ! SAME FEEL+S ( GRIEF = ! FALL5 & ! SAME EXULTATION AT ! VICTORY ( FRE$OM ) 
:I* MILLIONS ( ,RUSSIAN SOLDI]S & WORK]S WILL TODAY ACCOMPANY !IR COMRADES-9->MS ON !IR LA/ J\RNEY4 ,\R GRIEF IS !IR GRIEF1 BUT ALSO \R VICTORY IS ! VICTORY ( WORK]S' DEMOCRACY ?R\<\T ! WORLD6 

,9 SAY+ F>EWELL TO ! H]OES :O FELL 9 ! NAME ( FRE$OM1 WE WILL DEP>T TODAY FROM !IR GRAVES IMBU$ ) FIRM RESOLUTION3 ! FIR/ /EP1 ! H>DE/ /EP ( ! REVOLUTION1 HAS BE5 TAK54 ,CZ>I/ AUTOCRACY1 A DECAY+ CORPSE UPON A ?RONE1 HAS BE5 COMMITT$ TO ! E>?4 

,TODAY SEES ! COMPLETION ( ! FIR/ /AGE ( ! REVOLUTION1 ! /AGE :I* CONSI/S ( ! DE/RUCTION ( ! OLD4 

,N[1 COMRADES1 LET US HA/5 BACK TO WORK6 ,WE MU/ HURRY1 WE MU/ CREATE ! NEW6 ,WE MU/ BUILD A NEW1 DEMOCRATIC1 FREE ,RUSSIA6444 ,DO NOT DELAY1 COMRADES6 

,TODAY WE >E BURY+ \R H]O-COMRADES1 BUT TOMORR[ WE MU/ BEG9 TO BUILD !M A MAJE/IC & 9DE/RUCTIBLE MONUM5T4 ,?IS MONUM5T IS DEMOCRATIC1 REPUBLICAN ,RUSSIA &1 VICTORI\SLY COMPLET+ ! TASK ( ! LIB]ATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 A /RONG1 /ALW>T1 WELL-ORGANIZ$ REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC ,LABOR ,P>TY4 

,FOOTNOTES 

.<#a.> 
,?IS IS A REF]5CE TO ! B\RGEOIS-DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTION 9 ,RUSSIA1 :I* TOOK PLACE ON #b#c-#b#g ,FEBRU>Y 7#h-#a#b ,M>*7 #a#i#a#g4 ,?IS REVOLUTION WAS CAUS$ BY ! NE$ TO RESOLVE ! MAJOR PROBLEMS ( NATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T 7! ABOLITION ( CZ>ISM & L&$ E/ATES7 & BY ! FAILURE ( CZ>I/ =EIGN & DOME/IC POLICY 7MILIT>Y DEFEATS1 ECONOMIC COLLAPSE & FAM9E74 ,AS A RESULT ( ?IS REVOLUTION1 CZ>I/ AUTOCRACY WAS ABOLI%$ & A DUAL P[] EM]G$ 9 ! C\NTRY3 ! ,SOVIETS ( ,WORK]S & ,SOLDI]S' ,DEPUTIES1 & ! B\RGEOIS ,PROVISIONAL ,GOV]NM5T4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #d1 #bba 3 ,\R ,MEMORIAL TO ! ,FI<T]S = ,FRE$OM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,\R ,MEMORIAL TO ! ,FI<T]S = ,FRE$OM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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