,ON ,TRADE 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,*>LES ,F\RI] 

,TEXT 3 

,WE N[ T\* ON CIVILIZATION'S MO/ S5SITIVE SPOT2 IT IS AN UNPLEASANT TASK TO RAISE ONE'S VOICE AGA9/ ! FOLLY ( ! DAY1 AGA9/ *IM]AS ?AT >E D[NRI<T EPIDEMICAL4 

,TO SPEAK AGA9/ ! ABSURDITIES ( TRADE TODAY MEANS TO EXPOSE ONESELF TO ANA!MAS JU/ AS MU* AS IF ONE HAD SPOK5 AGA9/ ! TYRANNY ( ! POPES & ! B>ONS 9 ! TWELF? C5TURY4 ,IF IT W]E A MATT] ( *OOS+ BETWE5 TWO DANG]\S ROLES1 ,I ?9K IT W\LD BE LESS DANG]\S TO (F5D A SOV]EIGN ) BITT] TRU?S ?AN TO (F5D ! M]CANTILE SPIRIT :I* N[ RULES AS A DESPOT OV] CIVILIZATION & EV5 OV] SOV]EIGNS4 

,& YET A SUP]FICIAL ANALYSIS WILL PROVE ?AT \R COMM]CIAL SY/EMS DEBASE & DISORGANIZE CIVILIZATION1 & ?AT 9 TRADE AS 9 ALL O!R ?+S WE >E GO+ A/RAY MORE & MORE UND] ! GUIDANCE ( ! 9EXACT SCI5CES4 

,! CONTROV]SY ON TRADE IS H>DLY HALF A C5TURY OLD & HAS ALREADY PRODUC$ ?\S&S ( VOLUMES2 & YET ITS ORIG9ATORS HAVE NOT SE5 ?AT ! TRADE ME*ANISM IS ORGANIZ$ 9 SU* A WAY ?AT IT IS A SLAP 9 ! FACE = ALL COMMON S5SE4 ,IT HAS SUBORD9AT$ ! :OLE ( SOCIETY TO ONE CLASS ( P>ASITICAL & UNPRODUCTIVE PEOPLE1 ! M]*ANTS4 ,ALL ! ESS5TIAL CLASSES ( SOCIETY -- ! PROPRIETOR1 .<,IT MU/ NOT BE =GOTT5 ?AT ,F\RI] WAS NOT A ,COMMUNI/4 -- ,NOTE BY ,5GELS.> ! F>M]1 ! MANUFACTUR]1 & EV5 ! GOV]NM5T -- F9D !MSELVES DOM9AT$ BY AN 9ESS5TIAL1 ACCESSORY CLASS1 ! M]*ANT1 :O %\LD BE !IR SUBORD9ATE1 !IR EMPLOY$ AG5T1 REMOVABLE & ACC\NTABLE1 & :O1 NEV]!LESS1 DIRECTS & OB/RUCTS AT WILL ALL ! MA9SPR+S ( CIRCULATION4 

,9 RESPECT ( ]RORS O!R ?AN ?OSE ( TRADE1 PUBLIC OP9ION & ! LE>N$ BODIES >E1 9DE$1 MORE TRACTABLE2 IT IS PRETTY WELL AGRE$ ?AT ! PHILOSOPHICAL SY/EMS >E DANG]\S ILLUSIONS1 ?AT EXP]I5CE BELIES \R BOA/+ ( P]FECTION1 ?AT \R !ORIES ( FRE$OM DO NOT SQU>E ) CIVILIZATION1 ?AT \R VIRTUES >E SOCIAL COM$IES & \R LEGISLATIONS LABYR9?S2 !RE >E EV5 JOKES AB\T A FA%IONABLE CONTROV]SY1 IDEOLOGY4 .<#b#h.> ,BUT TONGUE-WAGG+ AB\T COMM]CE1 ) ITS !ORIES ( IMPORTS & EXPORTS1 C\NT]BALANCE1 BALANCE1 & GU>ANTEE1 HAS BECOME ! ,>K ( ! ,COV5ANT BE=E :I* EV]Y?+ B[S D[N4 ,?IS1 !N1 IS ! ILLUSION :I* WE HAVE TO DISPEL4 

,FIR/ ( ALL WE MU/ %[ ?AT \R TRADE SY/EMS1 :I* >E N[ GAP$ AT ) /UPID V5]ATION1 >E ! ANTIPODES ( TRU?1 ( JU/ICE1 & !RE=E ALSO ( UNITY4 

,IT IS DIFFICULT TO MAKE CLE> TO A C5TURY ?AT PRECISELY ?AT OP]ATION :I* IT CONSID]S TO HE ! MA/]PIECE ( ALL WISDOM IS NO?+ BUT ! SEAL ( IGNORANCE /AMP$ ON ITS 5TIRE POLICY4 ,LET US BUT LOOK AT ! ALREADY KN[N RESULTS3 M>ITIME MONOPOLY1 FISCAL MONOPOLY1 GR[+ NATIONAL DEBTS1 BANKRUPTCIES 9 UNBROK5 SUCCESSION RESULT+ FROM PAP] MONEY1 9CREAS+ VILLA9Y 9 ALL BUS9ESS RELATIONS4 ,ALREADY N[ WE CAN /IGMATIZE ! ME*ANISM ( FREE TRADE1 I4E41 ( FREE LY+1 ?AT V]ITABLE 9DU/RIAL AN>*Y1 ?AT MON/R\S P[] 9 SOCIETY4 

,H[ IS IT ?AT ! MO/ LY+ CLASS 9 ! SOCIAL BODY IS MO/ PROTECT$ BY ! 'APO/LES ( TRU?'8 ,H[ DOES IT HAPP5 ?AT TODAY LE>N$ M5 :O PREA* CONTEMPT ( VILE WEAL? PRAISE ONLY ! CLASS :I* PURSUES WEAL? P] FAS ET NEFAS .<BY LEGAL OR ILLEGAL MEANS.>1 ! CLASS ( /OCK EX*ANGE GAMBL]S & CORN]-M58 ,=M]LY ! PHILOSOPH]S W]E UNANIM\S 9 C5SUR+ C]TA9 CORPORATIONS :I* DEF5D$ ) FLEXIBILITY ( CONSCI5CE ! PROPOSITION ?AT !RE IS A DIFF]5CE BETWE5 TAK+ & ,/EAL+4 ,H[ !N HAVE ! SAME PHILOSOPH]S N[ BECOME ! APOLOGI/S ( A CLASS :I* AFFIRMS1 ) /ILL GREAT] IMMORALITY1 ?AT HAGGL+ IS NOT LY+1 ?AT TO DUPE ! BUY] IS NOT ! SAME AS ROBB+ HIM1 ?AT /OCKJOBB+ & CORN]+ >E BY NO MEANS PLUND]+ ! PRODUCTIVE CLASS ' 9 BRIEF1 ?AT ONE MU/ WORK ONLY = MONEY1 NOT = FAME2 -- = ?AT IS ! REFRA9 :I* ! M]*ANTS S+ 9 *ORUS3 ,WE DON'T PURSUE BUS9ESS P\R LA GLOIRE6 .<,?IS EXPRESSION EXI/S 9 LIT]ALLY ! SAME =M ALSO AMONG ,G]MAN M]*ANTS4- ,NOTE BY ,5GELS.> ,IS IT !N TO BE WOND]$ AT ?AT ! MOD]N SCI5CES W5T A/RAY :5 !Y ESP\S$ ! CAUSE ( ?OSE :O OP5LY PR(ESS SU* PR9CIPLES80 

,TRADE TAKES V>I\S =MS ACCORD+ TO ! V>I\S SOCIAL /AGES2 = AS IT IS ! PIVOT ( ALL SOCIAL LIFE1 IT EXI/S AS SOON AS !RE IS ANY SOCIAL CONDITION 9 G5]AL4 ,A PEOPLE BECOMES SOCIAL1 =MS A SOCIETY1 FROM ! MOM5T :5 IT BEG9S TO C>RY \T EX*ANGE4 ,= ?IS REASON TRADE EXI/S ALREADY AMONG ! SAVAGES1 :]E IT TAKES ! =M ( DIRECT B>T]4 ,UND] PATRI>*Y IT BECOMES 9DIRECT COMM]CE2 9 B>B>ISM ! BASIS ( ! COMM]CIAL ME?OD IS =M$ BY ! MONOPOLIES1 ! FIX+ ( MAXIMUMS & PRICES & =CIBLE GOV]NM5T REQUISITIONS1 & 9 CIVILIZATION BY 9DIVIDUAL COMPETITION OR LY+ & BEWILD]+ /RUGGLES4 

,!RE IS NO NE$ = US TO DWELL ON DIRECT B>T] AMONG ! SA AGES :O HAVE NO KN[L$GE ( MONEY4 ,ONE MAN IS LUCKY AT ! HUNT & EX*ANGES A PIECE ( GAME = >R[S MADE BY ANO!R1 :O HAS NOT BE5 HUNT+ & NE$S EATABLES4 ,?IS ME?OD IS NOT EV5 TRADE1 IT IS B>T]4 

,! SECOND ME?OD1 9DIRECT COMM]CE1 IS 0PRIMITIVE TRADE40 ,IT IS C>RI$ ON ?R\< A GO-BETWE51 :O BECOMES ! [N] ( SOME?+ :I* HE DID NOT PRODUCE & HE DOES NOT 9T5D TO CONSUME4 ,?IS ME?OD1 AL?\< IT IS BAD & LEAVES ROOM = >BITR>9ESS1 IS NEV]!LESS HI<LY ADVANTAGE\S 9 ! FOLL[+ ?REE CASES3 

#a7 9 Y\NG C\NTRIES1 :]E ONLY AGRICULTURE EXI/S )\T 9DU/RY2 ?IS IS ! /ATE 9 :I* ALL COLONIES F9D !MSELVES AT ! BEG9N+2 

#b7 9 H>% L&S1 AS 9 ,SIB]IA & ! ,AFRICAN DES]TS2 A M]*ANT :O DEFIES HEAT & COLD TO C>RY OBJECTS ( NECESSITY TO DI/ANT P>TS IS A V]Y USEFUL MAN2 

#c7 9 OPPRESS$ & CON/RICT$ L&S1 :]E !1 ,B$\9 PLUND] C>AVANS1 EXACT RANSOM FROM M]*ANTS & (T5 MURD] !M -- EV]Y K9D ( PROTECTION IS DUE TO HIM :O BRAVES !SE DANG]S 9 ORD] TO BR+ SUPPLIES TO A DI/ANT L&4 ,:5 SU* A M]*ANT BECOMES RI* HE C]TA9LY DES]VES IT4 

,9 !SE ?REE CASES ! M]*ANTS >E NEI!R ,/OCK ,EX*ANGE GAMBL]S NOR CORN]-M52 !Y DO NOT HAWK1 ONE SPECULATOR TO ANO!R1 ! OBJECTS 9T5D$ = CONSUMPTION4 ,ON !IR >RIVAL !Y (F] !M OP5LY TO ! CONSUM] 9 A BAZA> OR PUBLIC M>KET2 !Y >E ! ACCEL]ATORS ( 9DU/RIAL MOVEM5T4 ,!Y WANT TO E>N -- NO?+ IS MORE REASONABLE 9 ! CIVILIZ$ WORLD3 HE :O HAS S[N DES]VES TO H>VE/4 ,BUT IT IS V]Y R>E ?AT ! M]*ANTS CONT5T !MSELVES ) ?IS FUNCTION ( !IRS2 S+LY OR 9 ALLIANCE !Y S*EME TO OB/RUCT ! CIRCULATION ( COMMODITIES 9 ORD] TO MAKE PRICES IMM$IATELY SO>4 

,TRADE BECOMES P]NICI\S FROM ! MOM5T ! GO-BETWE5S1 DUE TO !IR EXCESSIVE NUMB]1 BECOME P>ASITES .<ON ! SOCIAL BODY.> & >E READY TO CONCEAL GOODS1 TO LET !M RISE 9 PRICE UND] ! PRETEXT ( AN >TIFICIALLY PRODUC$ SC>CITY1 9 BRIEF1 TO ROB SIMULTANE\SLY ! PRODUC] & ! CONSUM] ?R\< SPECULATION TRICKS 9/EAD ( S]V+ BO? AS SIMPLE1 OP5 GO-BETWE5S4 ,WE /ILL SEE ?IS OP5NESS AT \R SMALL M>KETS 9 VILLAGES & T[NS4 ,! MAN :O BUYS A HUNDR$ CALVES OR %EEP IS A USEFUL 9T]M$I>Y = TW5TY PEASANTS1 :O W\LD O!RWISE LOSE :OLE WORK+ DAYS TO BR+ !M TO M>KET 9 T[N4 ,:51 ON >RIV+ AT ! M>KET1 HE PUBLICLY (F]S HIS ANIMALS = SALE1 HE !REBY R5D]S A S]VICE ALSO TO ! CONSUM]S2 BUT :5 BY MEANS ( HEAV5 KN[S :AT TRICKS HE AGREES ) O!R 'FRI5DS ( TRADE' TO HIDE ?REE-QU>T]S ( ! %EEP1 TO TELL ! BUT*]S ?AT %EEP >E SC>CE1 ?AT HE CAN ONLY SUPPLY A FEW FRI5DS1 TO SELL !M HALF AS DE> AGA9 UND] ?IS PRETEXT1 TO AL>M ! BUY]S1 & !N TO BR+ ! HIDD5 %EEP \T ONE AFT] ! O!R1 TO SELL !M AT 9FLAT$ PRICES 9 ! ATMOSPH]E ( AL>M PREVI\SLY CREAT$ & ?US TO EXTORT A HI< RANSOM FROM ! CONSUM]S -- !N ?IS IS NO LONG] SIMPLE COMM]CE1 OP5 (F]+ ( COMMODITIES FREE FROM ANY 9TRIGUE1 IT IS COMP\ND COMM]CE1 :OSE 5DLESSLY *ANG+ TRICKS GIVE BIR? TO ! ?IRTY-SIX TYPICAL VICES ( \R TRADE SY/EM & >E TANTAM\NT TO A LEGAL MONOPOLY4 ,:5 ONE LAYS H&S ON ! TOTAL PRODUCT BY RUSE 9 ORD] TO MAKE IT DE>]1 ?AT IS ROBB+ MORE BY MEANS ( 9TRIGUES ?AN ! MONOPOLY DOES BY >M$ =CE4 

,I %ALL NOT DWELL ANY LONG] ON ! ME?OD ( ! B>B>IANS4 ,IT COMPRISES FIX+ ( MAXIMUMS1 =CIBLE REQUISITIONS & MONOPOLIES1 :I* >E /ILL QUITE CU/OM>Y ALSO 9 ! CIVILIZ$ /ATE4 ,AS ,I HAVE ALREADY SAID ELSE:]E .<,*>LES ,F\RI]1 ,!ORIE DE L'UNITE UNIV]SELLE1 T4 #b4-',PROLEGOM5E'.> ! V>I\S ME?ODS ( 9DIVIDUAL P]IODS OV]LAP2 ONE MU/ NOT WOND]1 !RE=E1 ?AT CIVILIZATION BORR[S 9DIVIDUAL FEATURES FROM BO? HI<] & L[] /AGES4 ,\R CIVILIZ$ TRADE ME*ANISM IS ?US AN AMALGAMATION ( ! *>ACT]S ( ALL P]IODS1 ) ?OSE ( ! CIVILIZ$ /AGE1 H[EV]1 PR$OM9AT+ -- & !SE >E MU* MORE DESPICABLE /ILL ?AN ?OSE ( B>B>ISM1 BECAUSE \R TRADE IS NO?+ BUT ORGANIZ$ & LEGITIMIZ$ ROBB]Y UND] ! MASK ( LEGALITY4 ,AS A RESULT1 ! RACKETE]S & 9T]M$I>IES CAN UNITE TO CAUSE >TIFICIAL DE>? ( ANY FOOD/UFFS & ?US PLUND] BO? PRODUC]S & CONSUM]S TO HEAP UP 9 A HURRY SC&AL\S =TUNES ( FIFTY MILLIONS1 :OSE [N]S NEV]!LESS COMPLA9 ?AT !RE IS NO PROTECTION ( TRADE1 ?AT ! M]*ANTS CANNOT SUBSI/1 ?AT NO?+ IS DONE1 & ?AT ! /ATE IS BE+ RU9$ IF ! M]*ANT IS R$UC$ TO ! 9ABILITY TO MAKE MORE ?AN FIFTY MILLIONS6 

,MEAN:ILE WE >E TAU<T BY A .<NEW.> SCI5CE ?AT !SE PEOPLE %\LD BE GRANT$ COMPLETE FRE$OM4 ,LET ! M]*ANTS DO !IR JOB1 WE >E TOLD2 )\T ?IS FRE$OM ! CORN]-MAN1 :O EV5 SO HAS E>N$ ONLY FIFTY MILLION1 W\LD P]HAPS NOT EV5 HAVE MADE A S+LE MILLION1 & HIS RESPECTABLE FAMILY W\LD HAVE TO MANAGE ON FIFTY ?\S& FRANCS REV5UE --  

,DII1 TALEM AV]TITE CASUM1 
.<,YE GODS1 W>D (F SU* AN OCCURR5CE61  
P>APHRASE FROM ,VIRGIL'S POEM ,5EID1 ,BOOK ,I,I,I.> 

444 ,CONTEMPT ( COMM]CE1 A CONTEMPT 9BORN 9 ALL PEOPLES1 WAS PREVAL5T 9 ALL NATIONS CONSID]$ TO BE HONORABLE EXCEPT = A FEW COA/AL CLANS ( HUCK/]S :O D]IV$ B5EFIT FROM COMM]CIAL EXTORTIONS & VILLA9IES4 ,A!NS1 ,TIRE & ,C>?AGE1 :I* PR(IT$ BY COMM]CE1 C\LD NOT MOCK AT IT2 EV]YBODY REFRA9S FROM MOCK+ AT ! WAYS 9 :I* HE HAS 5RI*$ HIMSELF1 & ! F9ANCI] LEA/ ( ALL WILL MOCK AT ! >T ( ADD+ CIPH]S TO BILLS1 OR ALL[+ ! 5EMY TO TAKE AWAY ! L$G]S & PUTT+ ! CA% 9 SAFETY :ILE REPORT+ IT ALSO AS HAV+ BE5 TAK5 BY ! 5EMY4 

,9 REALITY ) ANCI5T AS WELL AS ) MOD]N PEOPLES COMM]CE HAS ALWAYS BE5 AN OBJECT ( MOCK]Y ON ! P>T ( ALL HONORABLE CLASSES4 ,H[ CAN ONE HAVE ANY E/EEM = AN \T-&-\T RASCALLY PR(ESSION OR A CLASS ( PEOPLE :O LIE ) EV]Y WORD !Y SAY & BY MEANS ( ?IS MAGIC >T CAM MILLIONS :ILE ! HONE/ L&[N] :O CULTIVATES HIS PIECE ( L& ) GREAT EF=T & EX]TION1 US+ ! BE/ ( HIS EXP]I5CE1 B>ELY A*IEVES AN 9SIGNIFICANT 9CREASE 9 ITS YIELD8 

,MEAN:ILE1 = A C5TURY A NEW SCI5CE CALL$ ,ECONOMICS HAS BE5 EXALT+ HUCK/]S1 /OCKJOBB]S1 CORN]-M51 USUR]S1 BANKRUPTS1 MONOPOLIZ]S & COMM]CIAL P>ASITES TO ! PEAK ( HONORS3 ! GOV]NM5TS1 DAILY DEEP] & DEEP] 9 DEBT1 ALWAYS 9T5T ON F9D+ MEANS ( BORR[+ MONEY1 HAVE F\ND !MSELVES =C$ TO CONCEAL !IR CONTEMPT & TO SP>E ?IS CLASS ( M]CANTILE BK@>OD-SUCK]S :I* KEEPS ! MONEY-C(F]S LOCK$ TO CIVILIZATION & PUMPS \T ALL ! TREASURES ( AGRICULTURAL & 9DU/RIAL DILIG5CE UND] ! PRETEXT ( S]V+ IT4 ,IT IS NOT D5I$ ?AT TRADE 5SURES TRANSPORTATION1 VICTUAL+1 & DI/RIBUTION1 BUT IT DOES SO LIKE A S]VANT :O P]=MS S]VICE ACTUALLY WOR? A ?\S& FRANCS ANNUALLY & ON ! O!R H& ROBS HIS MA/] ( T5 ?\S& FRANCS1 OR T5 TIMES AS MU* AS HE PRODUCES4 

,AS A Y\NG SP5D?RIFT SECRETLY DESPISES ! ,JEW TO :OM HE GOES EV]Y WEEK TO GET HIMSELF FLEEC$1 BUT /ILL ALWAYS GREETS HIM V]Y POLITELY1 SO ALSO ! MOD]N GOV]NM5TS HAVE1 ) OBVI\S CONTEMPT1 CONCLUD$ AN >MI/ICE ) TRADE1 :I* IS DO+ ALL ! BETT] = ! FACT ?AT IT KN[S H[ TO HAVE ITSELF LUMP$ TOGE!R ) ! V]Y MANUFACTUR]S :OM IT PLUND]S4 ,! ECONOMI/S1 :O HAVE F\ND 9 ?IS M]*ANTS' HOT*POT* A NURS]Y ( NEW DOGMAS1 A M9E ( SY/EMS1 HAVE OV]?R[N MORALITY ) ALL ITS HI<-S\ND+ TALK ( TRU? 9 ORD] TO 5?RONE !IR FAVORITES1 ! /OCKJOBB]S & BANKRUPTS4 ,!REUPON ALL ! S*OL>S RIVAL$ 9 SELF-ABASEM5T2 9 ! BEG9N+ SCI5CE ADMITT$ ?OSE 'FRI5DS ( TRADE' AS ITS EQUALS -- ,VOLTAIRE D$ICAT$ A TRAG$Y TO AN ,5GLI% M]*ANT4 .<,VOLTAIRE1 ,ZAIRE.> ,TODAY !SE /OCKJOBB]S W\LD HAVE A GOOD LAU< IF A S*OL> PRESUM$ TO D$ICATE A TRAG$Y TO !M6 ,/OCKJOBB+ HAS DISC>D$ ! MASK1 IT NO LONG] NE$S ! 9C5SE ( ! S*OL>S2 IT WANTS SECRET -- & SOON LEGAL -- P>TICIPATION 9 GOV]NM5T6 ,& 9DE$ WE HAVE SE5 ! ,AA*5 ,CONGRESS UNABLE TO DECIDE ANY?+ UNTIL TWO BANK]S >RIV$4 .<#b#i.> 

,DESPITE ! FACT ?AT ! ECONOMIC SY/EMS HAVE EXALT$ ! ,GOLD5 ,CALF ( TRADE1 !Y HAVE BE5 UNABLE TO PUT AN 5D TO ! NATURAL CONTEMPT :I* ! NATIONS FEEL T[>DS IT4 ,IT REMA9S DESPIS$ BY ! NOBILITY1 ! CL]GY1 ! PROP]TI$ CLASSES1 ! (FICIALS1 ! LAWY]S1 ! S*OL>S1 DESPIS$ BY >TI/S1 SOLDI]S1 & EV]Y CLASS WOR?Y ( RESPECT4 ,9 VA9 HAS TRADE HEAP$ SOPHISM ON SOPHISM TO PROVE TO !M ?AT ! /OCKJOBB+ BLOOD-SUCK] %\LD HE RESPECT$ -- A NATURAL DISDA9 = ?IS CLASS ( UP/>TS /ILL PREVAILS4 ,EV]YBODY YIELDS TO ! UPSW+ ( A DOGMA FAVOR$ BY =TUNE1 BUT EV]YBODY CONT9UES 9 SECRET TO DESPISE ! M]CANTILE HYDRA1 :I* TAKES NO NOTICE ( ?IS & PURSUES ! C\RSE ( ITS CONQUE/S4 

,H[ IS IT ?AT \R C5TURY HAS MADE PUBLIC ! CRIMES ( SO MANY CLASSES1 EV5 ?OSE ( ! ,F$]ATES1 .<#b#a.> :O ONLY EXI/$ = A MON? 9 #a#h#a#e1 :5CE COMES IT ?AT IT HAS NEV] OCCURR$ TO ?IS C5TURY1 :I* HAS SP>$ NEI!R K+S NOR POPES 9 ITS COLLECTIONS ON CRIMES1 TO MAKE PUBLIC ! CRIMES ( ! M]*ANTS8 ,YET WRIT]S >E UNANIM\S 9 COMPLA9+ ?AT !Y SUFF] FROM A LACK ( MAT]IAL4 ,TO %[ !M H[ FRUITFUL ?IS MAT]IAL IS1 ,I %ALL MAKE A ME?ODICAL ANALYSIS ( ONLY A S+LE ONE ( ! 7?IRTY-SIX7 CRIMES ( CIVILIZ$ TRADE4 ,!SE ?IRTY-SIX REPREH5SIBLE FEATURES ( \R TRADE UND] ! DOM9ATION ( 9DIVIDUAL COMPETITION & ( BEWILD]+ & LY+ /RUGGLE >E ! FOLL[+3  

,SYOPTICAL ,TABLE ( ! ,FEATURES ( ,CIVILIZ$ ,TRADE 

,PIVOTAL PO9TS3 ,9T]M$IATE [N]%IP & ! DISMEMB]M5T ( AGRICULTURE4 

#a7 ,! TWO-SID$NESS ( TRADE4 

#b7 ,>BITR>Y DET]M9ATION ( VALUE4 

#c7 ,FRE$OM ( FRAUDUL5CE4 

#d7 ,9SOLID>ITY1 .<LACK ( MUTUAL LIABILITY.>4  

#e7 ,!FT1 REMOVAL ( CAPITAL4 

#f7 ,DECREASE 9 WAGES4 

#g7 ,>TIFICIAL OB/RUCTION ( SUPPLY S\RCES4 

#h7 ,OPPRESSIVE SURPLUSES4 

#i7 ,P]V]SE 9T]F]5CES4 

#a7 ,DE/RUCTIVE POLICY4 

#a#a7 ,TORPIDNESS OR G5]AL LACK ( CR$IT 7RECOIL1 REP]CUSSION74 

#a#b7 ,FICTITI\S MONEY4 

#a#c7 ,F9ANCIAL CONFUSION4 

#a#d7 ,EPIDEMICAL CRIME4 

#a#e7 ,OBSCURANTISM4 

#a#f7 ,P>ISITISM4 

#a#g7 ,CORN]+ 7ACCAP>EM5T74 

#a#h7 ,/OCKJOBB+4 

#a#i7 ,USURY4 

#b7 ,UNFRUITFUL WORK4 

#b#a7 ,9DU/RIAL LOTT]IES 7SPECULATION ON RISK74 

#b#b7 ,9DIRECT CORPORATIVE MONOPOLY4 

#b#c7 ,FISCAL MONOPOLY1 /ATE ADM9I/RATION 5=C$ BY FALSIFICATION4 

#b#d7 ,! EXOTIC1 OR COLONIAL MONOPOLY4 

#b#e7 ,M>ITIME MONOPOLY4 

#b#f7 ,FEUDAL1 CA/E MONOPOLY4 

#b#g7 ,BASELESS PROVOCATION4 

#b#h7 ,LOSS4 

#b#i7 ,FALSIFICATION4 

#c7 ,RU9 ( HEAL?4 

#c#a7 ,BANKRUPTCY4 

#c#b7 ,SMUGGL+4 

#c#c7 ,PIRACY4 

#c#d7 ,FIX+ ( MAXIMUMS & REQUISITIONS4 

#c#e7 ,SPECULATIVE SLAV]Y4 

#c#f7 ,UNIV]SAL EGOISM40 

,( !SE ?IRTY-SIX FEATURES WE %ALL CONSID] 9 DETAIL ONLY ONE1 BANKRUPTCY2 BE=E ?AT ,I %ALL SAY A FEW WORDS AB\T SOME O!RS4  

,I,I 

,FALS5ESS ( ! ,ECONOMIC ,PR9CIPLES ON ,CIRCULATION 

7,PROV$ BY ?REE FEATURES ( ! ,TABLE1 ,NOS4 #g1 #h & #a#b3 >TIFICIAL OB/RUCTION ( SUPPLY S\RCES1 OPPRESSIVE SURPLUSES & FICTITI\S MONEY7 

,\R C5TURY1 :I* HAS BE5 SO PROLIFIC ( !ORIES AB\T ! MOVEM5T ( 9DU/RY1 /ILL CANNOT DI/+UI% CIRCULATION FROM OB/RUCTION4 ,IT CONFUSES CIRCULATION 9T]RUPT$ 9 PLACES ) ?AT :I* IS UN9T]RUPT$1 SIMPLE CIRCULATION ) COMP\ND4 ,H[EV]1 LET US LEAVE !SE DULL DI/9CTIONS2 ! FACTS MAY SPEAK & S]VE US AS A BASIS = PR9CIPLES :I* >E DIRECTLY OPPOS$ TO ?OSE ( ECONOMICS4 

,BO? GOV]NM5TS & PEOPLES AGREE ?AT =G]S1 BO? ( MONEY & ( PUBLIC SECURITIES1 %\LD HE PUNI%$ ) DEA?4 ,?OSE :O C\NT]FEIT CO9S & BANK-NOTES >E 9DE$ CONDEMN$ TO DEA?4 ,A V]Y WISE PRECAUTION>Y MEASURE4 ,BUT :Y DOES TRADE 5JOY ! RI<T TO =GE MONEY :5 ?IS PRACTICE BR+S O!R PEOPLE TO ! GALL[S8 

,EV]Y BILL ( EX*ANGE MADE \T BY A M]*ANT BE>S ! SE$ ( C\NT]FEIT1 = IT IS EXTREMELY UNC]TA9 :E!R IT WILL EV] BE PAID4 ,EV]YONE :O /E]S A C\RSE T[>DS BANKRUPTCY FLOODS CIRCULATION ) HIS BILLS ( EX*ANGE )\T 9T5D+ EV] TO PAY !M4 ,9 ?IS WAY HE 9 FACT MAKES & SPREADS C\NT]FEIT MONEY4 

,WILL IT BE OBJECT$ ?AT EV]YONE ELSE 5JOYS ! SAME PRIVILEGE1 ?AT A PROP]TY-[N]1 LIKE A M]*ANT1 CAN PUT BILLS ( EX*ANGE 9TO CIRCULATION8 

,?AT IS NOT TRUE4 ,A PROP]TY-[N] CANNOT DO ?AT4 ,A RI<T IS ILLUSORY :5 IT CANNOT BE EX]CIS$4 ,WITNESS ! CON/ITUTIONAL RI<T ( ! PEOPLE TO SOV]EIGNTY1 A POMP\S PR]OGATIVE 9 SPITE ( :I* ! PLEBEIAN CANNOT EV5 GET HIS MIDDAY MEAL IF HE HAS NOT A S\ 9 HIS POCKET4 ,& YET H[ F> FROM ! PRET5SION TO SOV]EIGNTY IS ! CLAIM TO A MIDDAY MEAL4 ,MANY RI<TS EXI/ ?US ON PAP]1 BUT NOT 9 REALITY1 & !IR GRANT+ IS AN 9SULT TO HIM :O CANNOT EV5 5SURE HIMSELF RI<TS A HUNDR$ TIMES LESS IMPORTANT4 

,SO IT IS ) ! PROP]TY-[N] AS REG>DS ! ISSU+ ( BILLS ( EX*ANGE4 ,HE HAS ! RI<T TO ISSUE !M AS ! PLEBEIAN HAS ! RI<T TO CLAIM SOV]EIGNTY2 BUT TO POSSESS ! RI<T & TO EX]CISE IT >E TWO V]Y DIFF]5T ?+S4 ,:5 ! PROP]TY-[N] MAKES \T A BILL ( EX*ANGE HE W9 NOT F9D ANYBODY :O WILL ACCEPT IT )\T A GU>ANTEE1 & HE WILL BE TREAT$ AS ONE :O =GES MONEY4 ,HE WILL BE REQUIR$ TO HYPO!CATE A COMPLETELY DEBT-FREE IMMOVABLE PROP]TY & TO PAY A USURI\S RATE ( 9T]E/ 9TO4 ! B>GA94 ,HIS BILLS ( EX*ANGE W\LD BE ACCEPT$ AT ?IS PRICE1 & ) SU* A SECURITY !Y W\LD BE MONEY ) REAL VALUE1 NOT FICTITI\S MONEY LIKE ?OSE ( A SECONDH& DEAL] :O1 BY VIRTUE ( HIS TITLE AS A 'FRI5D ( TRADE1 F9DS MEANS ( PUTT+ 9TO CIRCULATION .<GOOD.> BILLS TO ! VALUE ( A MILLION :5 HE DOES NOT POSSESS EV5 ! HUNDR$? P>T ( ?AT SUM1 EV5 #a1 FRANCS AS GU>ANTEE = ?AT MILLION4 

,H[ BEAUTIFULLY ?OSE GOV]NM5TS LET !MSELVES BE *EAT$ :O DEPRIVE !MSELVES ( ?IS ABILITY & GU>ANTEE IT = ! M]*ANT6 ,A M]*ANT :O HAS T5 ?\S& FRANCS SECURITY ISSUES BILLS ( EX*ANGE TO ! AM\NT ( A M9ION :5 HE PLEASES2 HE IS PROTECT$ & AU?ORIZ$ TO DO SO2 HE HAS ! RI<T TO SET ?IS MASS ( PAP] 9 CIRCULATION )\T ! LAW BE+ 5TITL$ TO 9VE/IGATE H[ HE PLACES HIS CAPITAL & :AT SECURITIES HE HAS4 ,! ,TREASURY1 (F]+ A GU>ANTEE ( SAY T5 MILLION1 W\LD HAVE TO HE ABLE1 ACCORD+ TO ?IS RATIO1 TO ISSUE SECURITIES UP TO A ?\S& MILLION4 ,BUT IF A GOV]NM5T TRIES TO DO SO )\T CONSULT+ PUBLIC OP9ION1 )\T 9=M+ IT ( ! MOVE1 IT WILL SEE ITS CR$IT RU9$ & ITS C\NTRY EXPOS$ TO POLITICAL DI/URBANCES2 & YET IT IS ONLY DO+ ! SAME1 ONLY AVAIL+1 ITSELF ( ! SAME PRIVILEGE :I* IS 5JOY$ BY SO MANY S*EM]S1 :O (T5 CANNOT (F] ! HUNDR$? P>T ( !SE GU>ANTEES & CANNOT RUN !IR BUS9ESS4 

,IT WILL BE ANSW]$ ?AT !SE S*EM]S KN[ H[ TO TALK OV] ! FOOLI% & 9S9UATE !MSELVES 9TO !IR CONFID5CE2 IT IS !RE=E SET UP AS A PR9CIPLE ( COMM]CE ?AT ! >T ( DUP+ & PLUND]+ GOOD-NATUR$1 CR$UL\S PEOPLE DES]VES TO BE PROTECT$ 9 EV]Y WAY & ?AT ?IS PROTECTION MU/ BE LIMIT$ TO ! M]*ANT & NOT BE 5JOY$ BY ! GOV]NM5T4 ,I DO NOT MA9TA9 ?AT ?IS F9E >T %\LD HE ALL[$ TO BO?1 BUT ON ! CONTR>Y ?AT IT %\LD HE D5I$ BO? TO RUL]S & TO M]*ANTS4 

,FROM ?IS IT FOLL[S ?AT ! M]*ANT 5JOYS ! ABILITY TO ISSUE FICTITI\S MONEY 9 ! =M ( BILLS ( EX*ANGE 7TWELF? FEATURE7 -- A CRIME :I* IS EQUIVAL5T TO =G+ MONEY1 = :I* ! O!R CATEGORIES ( RASCALS >E S5T TO ! GALL[S -- & ?AT ! TRADE SY/EM ( CIVILIZ$ PEOPLE LEGALIZES & PROTECTS COMPETITION ( FRAUDUL5CE 7?IRD FEATURE74 

,! ACCUSATION ( =G+ MONEY1 LIKE ! O!R PO9TS ( ! ACCUSATION1 WILL BE ANSW]$ AS FOLL[S3 !RE MU/ HE M]*ANTS 9 ORD] TO 5SURE CIRCULATION1 & BUS9ESS W\LD BECOME IMPOSSIBLE IF !SE AG5TS W]E PLAC$ UND] RE/RA9T2 ! /ATE W\LD DISRUPT ! PUBLIC CR$IT & PLACE ! :OLE ( ITS 9DU/RY 9 JEOP>DY4 

,IT IS TRUE 5\< ?AT A QUALITY ( TRADE IS ?AT IT =GES \R FETT]S /ILL TI<T] :5EV] ! SOCIAL BODY %[S ANY SIGNS ( RESI/ANCE4 ,AS SOON AS ANY ADM9I/RATIVE MEASURE HAMP]S ! MA*9ATIONS ( TRADE1 TRADE RE/RICTS CR$IT & P>ALYZES CIRCULATION1 :ILE ! /ATE1 :I* WANT$ TO ELIM9ATE AN OLD DISORD]1 9 ! 5D ADDS NEW ONES4 ,?IS EFFECT IS CALL$ REP]CUSSION 7ELEV5? FEATURE7 9 ! ,TABLE4 

,?IS DANG] IS US$ AS ! BASIS = E/ABLI%+ ! PR9CIPLE3 ,LET ! M]*ANTS DO !IR JOB1 !IR COMPLETE FRE$OM IS ! GU>ANTEE ( CIRCULATION4 ,AN EXCE$+LY FALSE PR9CIPLE1 = IT IS PRECISELY ?IS COMPLETE FRE$OM :I* GIVES RISE TO ALL ! TRICKS ?AT >E SO OB/RUCTIVE TO CIRCULATION3 /OCKJOBB+1 CORN]+1 BANKRUPTCY1 & SO ON1 ! CONSEQU5CES ( :I* >E ! TWO FEATURES3 

#g4 ,>TIFICIAL OB/RUCTION ( SUPPLY S\RCES4 

#h4 ,OPPRESSIVE SURPLUSES4 

,LET US SEE :AT 9FLU5CE !SE TWO FEATURES HAVE ON CIRCULATION40 

,TRADE DOES NOT CONT5T ITSELF ) DELIV]+ COMMODITIES FROM ! PRODUC] TO ! CONSUM]1 0IT S*EMES BY MEANS ( CORN]+ & /OCKJOBB+ SPECULATION TO PRODUCE AN >TIFICIAL DE>? ( ?OSE FOOD >TICLES :I* >E NOT EXACTLY PL5TIFUL4 ,9 #ahg A /OCKJOBB+ MANEUV] SUDD5LY RAIS$ ! PRICE ( SUG> TO FIVE FRANCS 9 ! MON? ( ,MAY1 & ! SAME SUG> DROPP$ TO TWO FRANCS 9 ,JULY1 AL?\< NOT ! SLI<TE/ NEW SUPPLIES HAD >RIV$4 ,BUT ! /OCKJOBB+ HAD BE5 C\NT]$ BY MEANS ( FALSE 9=MATION & ?US ! SUG> HAD BE5 BR\<T D[N TO ITS VALUE2 ! S*EM+ & >TIFICIALLY >\S$ FE>S ?AT !RE W\LD HE NO SUPPLY HAD BE5 DISPOS$ (4 ,!SE S*EMES & >TIFICIAL FE>S PLAY !IR TRICKS EV]Y DAY ) SOME FOOD >TICLE & MAKE IT SC>CE )\T A REAL SC>CITY EXI/+4 ,9 #a#h#a#b1 :5 ! H>VE/ WAS ASSUR$ & ! CORN]-M5 W]E DISAPPO9T$ 9 !IR HOPES1 5ORM\S QUANTITIES ( GRA9 & FL\R W]E SUDD5LY SE5 COM+ FROM !IR W>EH\SES4 ,SO !RE HAD BE5 NO %ORTAGE AT ALL & ABSOLUTELY NO DANG] ( FAM9E1 IF ONLY !SE FOOD/UFFS HAD BE5 DI/RIBUT$ RATIONALLY40 ,BUT TRADE HAS ! PECULI>ITY ?AT EV5 BE=E !RE IS A DANG]1 ) AN EYE TO ITS POSSIBILITY1 IT DIV]TS SUPPLIES1 /OPS CIRCULATION1 >\SES PANICKY FE>S1 PRODUCES >TIFICIAL FOOD %ORTAGE4 

,! SAME EFFECT IS PRODUC$ 9 TIMES ( SURPLUS1 :5 TRADE OB/RUCTS SUPPLIES \T ( AFFECT$ FE> ( PR(USION4 ,9 ! =M] CASE IT OP]ATES POSITIVELY1 BY BUY+ UP FOOD/UFFS 9 ANTICIPATION2 9 ! LATT] CASE NEGATIVELY1 BY NOT BUY+ & ?US CAUS+ PRICES TO DROP SO L[ ?AT ! PEASANT DOES NOT EV5 GET HIS PRODUCTION CO/S REFUND$4 ,H5CE >ISES ! EI<? FEATURE1 OPPRESSIVE SURPLUSES4 

,TRADE WILL RETORT ?AT IT DOES NOT NE$ TO BUY :5 IT =ESEES NO PR(IT1 & ?AT IT WILL NOT HE SO 9SANE AS TO OV]LOAD ITSELF ) GRA9 :I* (F]S NO PROBABILITY AT ALL ( A SUR*>GE1 :ILE IT1 TRADE1 CAN 9VE/ ITS CAPITAL F> MORE USEFULLY 9 SU* COMMODITIES AS HOLD \T PR(IT = IT BECAUSE ( !IR SC>CITY1 :I* CAN EASILY HE 9CREAS$ BY CORN]+4 

,!RE Y\ HAVE CONV5I5T & PLEASANT PR9CIPLES 9 A SOCIAL SY/EM 9 :I* PEOPLE TALK AB\T NO?+ BUT MUTUAL GU>ANTEES4 ,TRADE IS !RE=E EXEMPT$ :5EV] IT PLEASES FROM S]V+ ! SOCIAL BODY4 ,IT ACTS LIKE AN >MY :I* W\LD BE AU?ORIZ$ TO REFUSE TO FI<T :5EV] DANG] W]E PRES5T1 & TO DO S]VICE ONLY 9 ITS [N 9T]E/1 )\T ANY CONSID]ATION = ! /ATE 9T]E/4 ,SU* IS \R M]CANTILE POLICY1 SO ONE-SID$LY DOES IT DET]M9E ALL OBLIGATIONS4 

,9 #ahb ! PRICE ( GRA9 DROPP$ BEL[ ?REE FRANCS 9 V>I\S PROV9CES 9 :I* A PRICE ( F\R FRANCS H>DLY COV]$ ! CO/S4 ,?IS W\LD NOT HAVE OCCURR$ HAD ,FR5* TRADE B\<T 9 ADVANCE SIX MON?S' FOOD SUPPLIES = ?IRTY MILLION P]SONS10 AS IT W\LD HAVE HAD TO DO UND] A SY/EM ( MUTUALITY ADAPT+ ITSELF TO ! 9T]E/S ( BO? P>TIES4 A 0,?IS RES]VE /OCK1 )DRAWN FROM CIRCULATION & LOCK$ UP 9 GRAN>IES1 W\LD HAVE KEPT UP ! PRICE ( ! RE/1 & ! PEASANT W\LD NOT HAVE SUFF]$ FROM ! DEPRECIATION & ! IMPOSSIBILITY TO M>KET HIS PRODUCTS4 ,BUT \R TRADE SY/EM WORKS EXACTLY 9 ! ,OPPOSITE DIRECTION3 IT AGGRAVATES ! PRESSURE B ( SURPLUS & ! EVILS ( FAM9E & ?US HAS A DE/RUCTIVE EFFECT ON BO? SIDE'4 

,I HAVE *OS5 ! EI<? FEATURE1 OPPRESSIVE SURPLUS1 TO %[ ?AT ! EXI/+ MODE ( TRADE HAS BO? NEGATIVE & POSITIVE DEFECTS1 & ?AT IT (T5 S9S BY NON9T]V5TION1 BY OMITT+ A S]VICE :I* IT C\LD EASILY R5D]4 ,= :5 9 A TIME ( FAM9E ! SUM ( FIVE HUNDR$ MILLION IS REQUIR$ TO BUY UP ! CORN1 IT IS IMM$IATELY AVAILABLE2 BUT IF ?IS SUM IS NE$$ = PRECAUTION>Y MEASURES TO 9CREASE /OCKS 9 TIMES ( SURPLUS1 NOT EV5 FIVE HUNDR$ TAL]S C CAN HE SCRAP$ TOGE!R4 ,!RE IS NEI!R MUTUALITY NOR GU>ANTEE 9 ! CONTRACT CONCLUD$ BETWE5 ! SOCIAL BODY & ! COMM]CIAL BODY4 ,! LATT] S]VES ONLY ITS [N 9T]E/1 NOT ?AT ( SOCIETY1 & H5CE ! ABUNDANT CAPITAL :I* IT USES IS A ROBB]Y P]PETRAT$ AGA9/ 9DU/RY AS A :OLE4 ,9 ! ,TABLE ,I HAVE LI/$ ?IS ROBB]Y AS ! FIF? FEATURE3 ',REMOVAL ( CAPITAL40 

,?US1 ON BO? SIDES ( TRADE !RE IS NOT ! SLI<TE/ S5SE ( OBLIGATION T[>DS ! SOCIAL BODY1 :I* SURR5D]S ITSELF1 B\ND H& & FOOT1 TO !4 ,M9OTAUR1 TO :OM IT GU>ANTEES DESPOTIC P[] OV] CAPITALS & FOOD/UFFS40 ,YES1 9DE$1 DESPOTIC P[]6 0,AFT] SO MANY DECLAMATIONS AGA9/ DESPOTISM WE /ILL HAVE NOT DISCOV]$ ! REAL ONE1 :I* IS NO O!R ?AN ! DESPOTISM ( TRADE1 ?AT REAL SATRAP ( ! CIVILIZ$ WORLD6 

,TO SUM UP1 IT FOLL[S FROM ?IS ?AT ! CIVILIZ$ ME*ANISM GU>ANTEES ! M]*ANTS COMPLETE IMPUNITY = ! CRIME ( =G+ MONEY1 = :I* O!R CLASSES >E PUNI%$ ) DEA? -- & ?AT ?IS IMPUNITY IS BAS$ ON ! PRET5SE ( HELP :I* !Y ALLEG$LY R5D] TO CIRCULATION BUT 9 REALITY REFUSE -- POSITIVELY BY >TIFICIAL OB/RUCTION ( SUPPLY S\RCES & NEGATIVELY BY OPPRESSIVE PR(USION4 

,TO ?IS FALSITY 9 ! RESULTS MU/ BE ADD$ ! LACK ( ANY PR9CIPLES4 ,! ECONOMI/S ADMIT ?AT !IR SCI5CE HAS ABSOLUTELY NO FIX$ PR9CIPLES2 & IT IS 9DE$ ! HEI<T ( UNPR9CIPL$NESS TO GRANT COMPLETE FRE$OM TO A CLASS ( SO EXCE$+LY DEPRAV$ AG5TS AS ! M]*ANTS4 

,! CONSEQU5CE ( ALL ?IS IS ?AT ! COMM]CIAL MOVEM5T PROCE$S BY FITS & />TS1 9 SPASMS1 SURPRISES & EXCESSES ( ALL DESCRIPTIONS1 AS CAN BE SE5 EV]Y DAY 9 ! PRES5T TRADE ME*ANISM1 :I* CAN A*IEVE ONLY A P]IODICALLY 9T]RUPT$ CIRCULATION1 )\T REGUL> GRADUATION1 )\T BALANCE & GU>ANTEES4 

,AN AMUS+ RESULT ( ?IS DISORD] IS ?AT PEOPLE HAVE ! C\RAGE TO REPROA* ! GOV]NM5T ) F9ANCIAL ABUSES :I* !Y NEV] D>E TO REPROA* TRADE )4 ,WITNESS ! TWO BANKRUPTCIES -- ?AT ( ,LAW'S BANK-NOTES & ?AT ( ! ASSIGNATS4 .<#b#a#a.> ,!SE W]E GRADUAL BANKRUPTCIES1 !Y W]E SE5 APPROA*+ FROM AF>2 ) A TIMELY P>TIAL SACRIFICE !Y C\LD HAVE BE5 GU>D$ AGA9/4 ,DESPITE !SE EXT5UAT+ CIRCUM/ANCES ! PUBLIC GAVE NO QU>T]4 ,IT RI<TLY DECL>$ ,LAW'S NOTES & ! ASSIGNATS TO BE =G]Y1 >M$ PLUND]4 

,:Y !N DOES ! SAME PUBLIC GOOD-NATUR$LY TOL]ATE ! ISSUE ( C\NT]FEIT MONEY BY ! M]*ANTS :5 IT DOES NOT ALL[ IT = GOV]NM5TS1 EV5 :5 !SE >E CAUTI\S 5\< TO PREP>E = ! BANKRUPTCY BY A SL[ DEPRECIATION :I* AF=DS ! HOLD]S ( ! PAP]S ! POSSIBILITY TO EVADE IT8 ,?IS POSSIBILITY DOES NOT EXI/ = ! HOLD]S ( ! SECURITIES ISSU$ BY TRADE4 ,BANKRUPTCY /RIKES !M LIKE A ?UND]CLAP4 ,MANY A MAN GOES TO SLEEP TONI<T 9 POSSESSION ( #c1 FRANCS & WAKES UP TOMORR[ ) NO MORE ?AN #a1 AS A RESULT ( A BANKRUPTCY4 ,! ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TION COPI$ ?IS MANEUV] 9 ! OP]ATION ( ! ,CONSOLIDAT$ ,?IRD .<#b#a#b.>2 PEOPLE DID NOT TIRE ( REPROA*+ IT ) ?IS AS A FULLY E/ABLI%$ ROBB]Y4 ,& YET EV]Y M]*ANT IS ALL[$ ! RI<T TO COMMIT /ILL MORE VEXATI\S ROBB]IES & TO /EAL BY BANKRUPTCY TWO-?IRDS ( :AT HE RECEIV$1 :]EAS ! ,CONV5TION )HELD TWO-?IRDS ( SUMS IT HAD NEV] RECEIV$4 ,H[ \TRAGE\S ! CRIMES ( TRADE BECOME :5 COMP>$ ) O!R1 & EV5 ! BIGGE/1 POLITICAL 9FAMIES6' 

,! FOLL[+ DETAILS WILL DEMON/RATE ?AT MOD]N POLITICS1 BY H&+ OV] TRADE TO COMPLETELY FREE M]*ANTS EXEMPT FROM ANY K9D ( OBLIGATION1 HAS SET ! WOLF AMONG ! FOLD & PROVOK$ ROBB]IES ( ALL K9DS4 

,LET US N[ GO ON TO BANKRUPTCY TO DESCRIBE IT 9 SOME:AT GREAT] DETAIL4 

,CONT9UATION ( EXTRACT 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #a#d1 #bba 3 ,ON ,TRADE -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,ON ,TRADE -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/