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,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY 

,TRANSLATOR 3 ,ISABEL ,FLOR5CE ,HAPGOOD 

,TEXT 3 

,SCI5CE & >T HAVE >ROGAT$ TO !MSELVES ! RI<T ( IDL5ESS1 & ( ! 5JOYM5T ( ! LABOR ( O!RS1 & HAVE BETRAY$ !IR CALL+4  ,& !IR ]RORS HAVE >IS5 M]ELY BECAUSE !IR S]VANTS1 HAV+ SET =? A FALSELY CONCEIV$ PR9CIPLE ( ! DIVISION ( LABOR1 HAVE RECOGNIZ$ !IR [N RI<T TO MAKE USE ( ! LABOR ( O!RS1 & HAVE LO/ ! SIGNIFICANCE ( !IR VOCATION2 HAV+ TAK5 = !IR AIM1 NOT ! PR(IT ( ! PEOPLE1 BUT ! MY/]I\S PR(IT ( SCI5CE & >T1 & DELIV]$ !MSELVES OV] TO IDL5ESS & VISE--NOT SO MU* ( ! S5SES AS ( ! M9D4 

,!Y SAY1 0,SCI5CE & >T HAVE BE/[$ A GREAT DEAL ON MANK9D40 

,SCI5CE & >T HAVE BE/[$ A GREAT DEAL ON MANK9D1 NOT BECAUSE ! M5 ( >T & SCI5CE1 UND] ! PRETEXT ( A DIVISION ( LABOR1 LIVE ON O!R PEOPLE1 BUT 9 SPITE ( ?IS4 

,! ,ROMAN ,REPUBLIC WAS P[]FUL1 NOT BECAUSE H] CITIZ5S HAD ! P[] TO LIVE A VICI\S LIFE1 BUT BECAUSE AMONG !IR NUMB] !RE W]E H]OIC CITIZ5S4  ,IT IS ! SAME ) >T & SCI5CE4  ,>T & SCI5CE HAVE BE/[$ MU* ON MANK9D1 BUT NOT BECAUSE !IR FOLL[]S =M]LY POSSESS$ ON R>E OCCASIONS 7& N[ POSSESS ON EV]Y OCCASION7 ! POSSIBILITY ( GETT+ RID ( LABOR2 BUT BECAUSE !RE HAVE BE5 M5 ( G5IUS1 :O1 )\T MAK+ USE ( !SE RI<TS1 HAVE L$ MANK9D =W>D4 

,! CLASS ( LE>N$ M5 & >TI/S1 :I* HAS ADVANC$1 ON ! FICTITI\S BASIS ( A DIVISION ( LABOR1 ITS DEM&S TO ! RI<T ( US+ ! LABORS ( O!RS1 CANNOT COOP]ATE 9 ! SUCCESS ( TRUE SCI5CE & TRUE >T1 BECAUSE A LIE CANNOT BR+ =? ! TRU?4 

,WE HAVE BECOME SO ACCU/OM$ TO !SE1 \R T5D]LY RE>$ OR WEAK5$ REPRES5TATIVES ( M5TAL LABOR1 ?AT IT SEEMS TO US HORRIBLE ?AT A MAN ( SCI5CE OR AN >TI/ %\LD PL[ OR C>T MANURE4  ,IT SEEMS TO US ?AT EV]Y ?+ W\LD GO TO DE/RUCTION1 & ?AT ALL HIS WISDOM W\LD BE RATTL$ \T ( HIM 9 ! C>T1 & ?AT ALL ?OSE GR& PICTURESQUE IMAGES :I* HE BE>S AB\T 9 HIS BREA/ W\LD BE SOIL$ 9 ! MANURE2 BUT WE HAVE BECOME SO 9UR$ TO ?IS1 ?AT IT DOES NOT /RIKE US AS /RANGE ?AT \R S]VITOR ( SCI5CE--?AT IS TO SAY1 ! S]VANT & TEA*] ( ! TRU?--BY MAK+ O!R PEOPLE DO = HIM ?AT :I* HE MI<T DO = HIMSELF1 PASSES HALF HIS TIME 9 DA9TY EAT+1 9 SMOK+1 9 TALK+1 9 FREE & EASY GOSSIP1 9 READ+ ! NEWSPAP]S & ROMANCES1 & 9 VISIT+ ! !AT]S4  ,IT IS NOT /RANGE TO US TO SEE \R PHILOSOPH] 9 ! TAV]N1 9 ! !AT]1 & AT ! BALL4  ,IT IS NOT /RANGE 9 \R EYES TO LE>N ?AT ?OSE >TI/S :O SWEET5 & 5NOBLE \R S\LS HAVE PASS$ !IR LIVES 9 DRUNK5NESS1 C>DS1 & WOM51 IF NOT 9 SOME?+ WORSE4 

,>T & SCI5CE >E V]Y BEAUTIFUL ?+S2 BUT JU/ BECAUSE !Y >E SO BEAUTIFUL !Y %\LD NOT BE SPOIL$ BY ! COMPULSORY COMB9ATION ) !M ( VISE3 ?AT IS TO SAY1 A MAN %\LD NOT GET RID ( HIS OBLIGATION TO S]VE HIS [N LIFE & ?AT ( O!R PEOPLE BY HIS [N LABOR4  ,>T & SCI5CE HAVE CAUS$ MANK9D TO PROGRESS4  ,YES2 BUT NOT BECAUSE M5 ( >T & SCI5CE1 UND] ! GUISE ( DIVISION ( LABOR1 HAVE RID !MSELVES ( ! V]Y FIR/ & MO/ 9DISPUTABLE ( HUMAN OBLIGATIONS1--TO LABOR ) !IR H&S 9 ! UNIV]SAL /RUGGLE ( MANK9D ) NATURE4 

0,BUT ONLY ! DIVISION ( LABOR1 ! FRE$OM ( M5 ( SCI5CE & ( >T FROM ! NECESSITY ( E>N+ !M LIV+1 HAS R5D]$ POSSIBLE ?AT REM>KABLE SUCCESS ( SCI5CE :I* WE BEHOLD 9 \R DAY10 IS ! ANSW] TO ?IS4  0,IF ALL W]E =C$ TO TILL ! SOIL1 ?OSE VA/ RESULTS W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 ATTA9$ :I* HAVE BE5 ATTA9$ 9 \R DAY2 !RE W\LD HAVE BE5 NONE ( ?OSE /RIK+ SUCCESSES :I* HAVE SO GREATLY AUGM5T$ MAN'S P[] OV] NATURE1 W]E IT NOT = !SE A/RONOMICAL DISCOV]IES :I* >E SO A/\ND+ TO ! M9D ( MAN1 & :I* HAVE ADD$ TO ! SECURITY ( NAVIGATION2 !RE W\LD BE NO /EAM]S1 NO RAILWAYS1 NONE ( ?OSE WOND]FUL BRIDGES1 TUNNELS1 /EAM-5G9ES & TELEGRAPHS1 PHOTOGRAPHY1 TELEPHONES1 SEW+-MA*9ES1 PHONOGRAPHS1 ELECTRICITY1 TELESCOPES1 SPECTROSCOPES1 MICROSCOPES1 *LOR(ORM1 ,LI/]'S B&AGES1 & C>BOLIC ACID40 

,I WILL NOT 5UM]ATE EV]Y ?+ ON :I* \R AGE ?US PRIDES ITSELF4  ,?IS 5UM]ATION & PRIDE ( 5?USIASM OV] \RSELVES & \R EXPLOITS CAN BE F\ND 9 ALMO/ ANY NEWSPAP] & POPUL> PAMPHLET4  ,?IS 5?USIASM OV] \RSELVES IS (T5 REPEAT$ TO SU* A DEGREE ?AT NONE ( US CAN SUFFICI5TLY REJOICE OV] \RSELVES1 ?AT WE >E S]I\SLY CONV9C$ ?AT >T & SCI5CE HAVE NEV] MADE SU* PROGRESS AS 9 \R [N TIME4  ,&1 AS WE >E 9DEBT$ = ALL ?IS M>VEL\S PROGRESS TO ! DIVISION ( LABOR1 :Y NOT ACKN[L$GE IT8 

,LET US ADMIT ?AT ! PROGRESS MADE 9 \R DAY IS NOTEWOR?Y1 M>VEL\S1 UNUSUAL2 LET US ADMIT ?AT WE >E =TUNATE MORTALS TO LIVE 9 SU* A REM>KABLE EPO*3 BUT LET US 5DEAVOR TO APPRAISE ?IS PROGRESS1 NOT ON ! BASIS ( \R SELF-SATISFACTION1 BUT ( ?AT PR9CIPLE :I* DEF5DS ITSELF ) ?IS PROGRESS1--! DIVISION ( LABOR4  ,ALL ?IS PROGRESS IS V]Y AMAZ+2 BUT BY A PECULI>LY UNLUCKY *ANCE1 ADMITT$ EV5 BY ! M5 ( SCI5CE1 ?IS PROGRESS HAS NOT SO F> IMPROV$1 BUT IT HAS RA!R R5D]$ WORSE1 ! POSITION ( ! MAJORITY1 ?AT IS TO SAY1 ( ! WORK+MAN4 

,IF ! WORK+MAN CAN TRAVEL ON ! RAILWAY1 9/EAD ( WALK+1 /ILL ?AT SAME RAILWAY HAS BURN$ D[N HIS =E/1 HAS C>RI$ (F HIS GRA9 UND] HIS V]Y NOSE1 & HAS BR\<T HIS CONDITION V]Y NE> TO SLAV]Y--TO ! CAPITALI/4  ,IF1 ?ANKS TO /EAM-5G9ES & MA*9ES1 ! WORK+MAN CAN PUR*ASE 9F]IOR CALICO AT A *EAP RATE1 ON ! O!R H& !SE 5G9ES & MA*9ES HAVE DEPRIV$ HIM ( WORK AT HOME1 & HAVE BR\<T HIM 9TO A /ATE ( ABJECT SLAV]Y TO ! MANUFACTUR]4  ,IF !RE >E TELEPHONES & TELESCOPES1 POEMS1 ROMANCES1 !AT]S1 BALLETS1 SYMPHONIES1 OP]AS1 PICTURE-GALL]IES1 & SO =?1 ON ! O!R H& ! LIFE ( ! WORK+MAN HAS NOT BE5 BETT]$ BY ALL ?IS2 = ALL ( !M1 BY ! SAME UNLUCKY *ANCE1 >E 9ACCESSIBLE TO HIM4 

,SO ?AT1 ON ! :OLE 7& EV5 M5 ( SCI5CE ADMIT ?IS71 UP TO ! PRES5T TIME1 ALL !SE REM>KABLE DISCOV]IES & PRODUCTS ( SCI5CE & >T HAVE C]TA9LY NOT AMELIORAT$ ! CONDITION ( ! WORK+MAN1 IF1 9DE$1 !Y HAVE NOT MADE IT WORSE4  ,SO ?AT1 IF WE SET AGA9/ ! QUE/ION AS TO ! REALITY ( ! PROGRESS ATTA9$ BY ! >TS & SCI5CES1 NOT \R [N RAPTURE1 BUT ?AT /&>D UPON ! BASIS ( :I* ! DIVISION ( LABOR IS DEF5D$1--! GOOD ( ! LABOR+ MAN1--WE %ALL SEE ?AT WE HAVE NO FIRM F\NDATIONS = ?AT SELF-SATISFACTION 9 :I* WE >E SO FOND ( 9DULG+4 

,! PEASANT TRAVELS ON ! RAILWAY1 ! WOMAN BUYS CALICO1 9 ! ISBA 7COTTAGE7 !RE WILL BE A LAMP 9/EAD ( A P9E-KNOT1 & ! PEASANT WILL LI<T HIS PIPE ) A MAT*1--?IS IS CONV5I5T2 BUT :AT RI<T HAVE ,I TO SAY ?AT ! RAILWAY & ! FACTORY HAVE PROV$ ADVANTAGE\S TO ! PEOPLE8 

,IF ! PEASANT RIDES ON ! RAILWAY1 & BUYS CALICO1 A LAMP1 & MAT*ES1 IT IS ONLY BECAUSE IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO =BID ! PEASANT'S BUY+ !M2 BUT SURELY WE >E ALL AW>E ?AT ! CON/RUCTION ( RAILWAYS & FACTORIES HAS NEV] BE5 C>RI$ \T = ! B5EFIT ( ! L[] CLASSES3 SO :Y %\LD A CASUAL CONV5I5CE :I* ! WORK+MAN 5JOYS LEAD TO A PRO( ( ! UTILITY ( ALL !SE 9/ITUTIONS = ! PEOPLE8 

,!RE IS SOME?+ USEFUL 9 EV]Y 9JURI\S ?+4  ,AFT] A CONFLAGRATION1 ONE CAN W>M ONE'S SELF1 & LI<T ONE'S PIPE ) A FIREBR&2 BUT :Y DECL>E ?AT ! CONFLAGRATION IS B5EFICIAL8 

,M5 ( >T & SCI5CE MI<T SAY ?AT !IR PURSUITS >E B5EFICIAL TO ! PEOPLE1 ONLY :5 M5 ( >T & SCI5CE HAVE ASSIGN$ TO !MSELVES ! OBJECT ( S]V+ ! PEOPLE1 AS !Y N[ ASSIGN !MSELVES ! OBJECT ( S]V+ ! AU?ORITIES & ! CAPITALI/S4  ,WE MI<T SAY ?IS IF M5 ( >T & SCI5CE HAD TAK5 AS !IR AIM ! NE$S ( ! PEOPLE2 BUT !RE >E NONE SU*4  ,ALL SCI5TI/S >E BUSY ) !IR PRIE/LY AVOCATIONS1 \T ( :I* PROCE$ 9VE/IGATIONS 9TO PROTOPLASM1 ! SPECTRAL ANALYZES ( />S1 & SO ON4  ,BUT SCI5CE HAS NEV] ONCE ?\<T ( :AT AX OR :AT HAT*ET IS ! MO/ PR(ITABLE TO *OP )1 :AT SAW IS ! MO/ H&Y1 :AT IS ! BE/ WAY TO MIX BREAD1 FROM :AT FL\R1 H[ TO SET IT1 H[ TO BUILD & HEAT AN OV51 :AT FOOD & DR9K1 & :AT UT5SILS1 >E ! MO/ CONV5I5T & ADVANTAGE\S UND] C]TA9 CONDITIONS1 :AT MU%ROOMS MAY BE EAT51 H[ TO PROPAGATE !M1 & H[ TO PREP>E !M 9 ! MO/ SUITABLE MANN]4  ,& YET ALL ?IS IS ! PROV9CE ( SCI5CE4 

,I AM AW>E1 ?AT1 ACCORD+ TO ITS [N DEF9ITION1 SCI5CE \<T TO BE USELESS1 I4E41 SCI5CE = ! SAKE ( SCI5CE2 BUT SURELY ?IS IS AN OBVI\S EVASION4  ,! PROV9CE ( SCI5CE IS TO S]VE ! PEOPLE4  ,WE HAVE 9V5T$ TELEGRAPHS1 TELEPHONES1 PHONOGRAPHS2 BUT :AT ADVANCES HAVE WE EFFECT$ 9 ! LIFE1 9 ! LABOR1 ( ! PEOPLE8  ,WE HAVE RECKON$ UP TWO MILLIONS ( BEETLES6  ,& WE HAVE NOT TAM$ A S+LE ANIMAL S9CE BIBLICAL TIMES1 :5 ALL \R ANIMALS W]E ALREADY DOME/ICAT$2 BUT ! RE9DE]1 ! /AG1 ! P>TRIDGE1 ! HEA?-COCK1 ALL REMA9 WILD4 

,\R BOTANI/S HAVE DISCOV]$ ! CELL1 & 9 ! CELL PROTOPLASM1 & 9 ?AT PROTOPLASM /ILL SOME?+ MORE1 & 9 ?AT ATOM YET ANO!R ?+4  ,IT IS EVID5T ?AT !SE OCCUPATIONS WILL NOT 5D = A LONG TIME TO COME1 BECAUSE IT IS OBVI\S ?AT !RE CAN BE NO 5D TO !M1 & !RE=E ! SCI5TI/ HAS NO TIME TO DEVOTE TO ?OSE ?+S :I* >E NECESS>Y TO ! PEOPLE4  ,& !RE=E1 AGA91 FROM ! TIME ( ,EGYPTIAN & ,HEBREW ANTIQUITY1 :5 :EAT & L5TILS HAD ALREADY BE5 CULTIVAT$1 D[N TO \R [N TIMES1 NOT A S+LE PLANT HAS BE5 ADD$ TO ! FOOD ( ! PEOPLE1 ) ! EXCEPTION ( ! POTATO1 & ?AT WAS NOT OBTA9$ BY SCI5CE4 

,TORP$OES HAVE BE5 9V5T$1 & APP>ATUS = TAXATION1 & SO =?4  ,BUT ! SP9N+-:9$1 ! WOMAN'S WEAV+-LOOM1 ! PL[1 ! HAT*ET1 ! *A91 ! RAKE1 ! BUCKET1 ! WELL-SWEEP1 >E EXACTLY ! SAME AS !Y W]E 9 ! DAYS ( ,RURIK2 & IF !RE HAS BE5 ANY *ANGE1 !N ?AT *ANGE HAS NOT BE5 EFFECT$ BY SCI5TIFIC PEOPLE4 

,& IT IS ! SAME ) ! >TS4  ,WE HAVE ELEVAT$ A LOT ( PEOPLE TO ! RANK ( GREAT WRIT]S2 WE HAVE PICK$ !SE WRIT]S TO PIECES1 & HAVE WRITT5 M\NTA9S ( CRITICISM1 & CRITICISM ON ! CRITICS1 & CRITICISM ON ! CRITICS ( ! CRITICS4  ,& WE HAVE COLLECT$ PICTURE-GALL]IES1 & HAVE /UDI$ DIFF]5T S*OOLS ( >T 9 DETAIL2 & WE HAVE SO MANY SYMPHONIES & OR*E/RAS & OP]AS1 ?AT IT IS BECOM+ DIFFICULT EV5 = US TO LI/5 TO !M4  ,BUT :AT HAVE WE ADD$ TO ! POPUL> BYL9I .<! EPIC SONGS.>1 LEG5DS1 TALES1 SONGS8  ,:AT MUSIC1 :AT PICTURES1 HAVE WE GIV5 TO ! PEOPLE8 

,ON ! ,NIKOLSKAYA BOOKS >E MANUFACTUR$ = ! PEOPLE1 & H>MONICAS 9 ,TULA2 & 9 NEI!R HAVE WE TAK5 ANY P>T4  ,! FALSITY ( ! :OLE DIRECTION ( \R >TS & SCI5CES IS MORE /RIK+ & MORE APP>5T 9 PRECISELY ?OSE V]Y BRAN*ES1 :I*1 IT W\LD SEEM1 %\LD1 FROM !IR V]Y NATURE1 BE ( USE TO ! PEOPLE1 & :I*1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( !IR FALSE ATTITUDE1 SEEM RA!R 9JURI\S ?AN USEFUL4  ,! TE*NOLOGI/1 ! PHYSICIAN1 ! TEA*]1 ! >TI/1 ! AU?OR1 %\LD1 9 VIRTUE ( !IR V]Y CALL+S1 IT W\LD SEEM1 S]VE ! PEOPLE4  ,&1 :AT !N8  ,UND] ! PRES5T REGIME1 !Y CAN DO NO?+ BUT H>M TO ! PEOPLE4 

,! TE*NOLOGI/ OR ! ME*ANIC HAS TO WORK ) CAPITAL4  ,)\T CAPITAL HE IS GOOD = NO?+4  ,ALL HIS ACQUIREM5TS >E SU* ?AT = !IR DISPLAY HE REQUIRES CAPITAL1 & ! EXPLOITATION ( ! LABOR+-MAN ON ! L>GE/ SCALE2 &--NOT TO M5TION ?AT HE IS TRA9$ TO LIVE1 AT ! L[E/1 ON FROM FIFTE5 HUNDR$ TO TWO ?\S& A YE>1 & ?AT1 !RE=E1 HE CANNOT GO TO ! C\NTRY1 :]E NO ONE CAN GIVE HIM SU* WAGES1--HE IS1 BY VIRTUE ( HIS V]Y OCCUPATION1 UNFITT$ = S]V+ ! PEOPLE4  ,HE KN[S H[ TO CALCULATE ! HI<E/ MA!MATICAL >* ( A BRIDGE1 H[ TO CALCULATE ! =CE & TRANSF] ( ! MOTIVE P[]1 & SO ON2 BUT HE IS CONF\ND$ BY ! SIMPLE/ QUE/IONS ( A PEASANT3 H[ TO IMPROVE A PL[ OR A C>T1 OR H[ TO MAKE IRRIGAT+ CANALS4  ,ALL ?IS 9 ! CONDITIONS ( LIFE 9 :I* ! LABOR+ MAN F9DS HIMSELF4  ,( ?IS1 HE NEI!R KN[S NOR UND]/&S ANY ?+1--LESS1 9DE$1 ?AN ! V]Y /UPIDE/ PEASANT4  ,GIVE HIM WORK%OPS1 ALL SORTS ( WORKM5 AT HIS DESIRE1 AN ORD] = A MA*9E FROM ABROAD1 & HE WILL GET ALONG4  ,BUT H[ TO DEVISE MEANS ( LI<T5+ TOIL1 UND] ! CONDITIONS ( LABOR ( MILLIONS ( M51--?IS IS :AT HE DOES NOT & CAN NOT KN[2 & BECAUSE ( HIS KN[L$GE1 HIS HABITS1 & HIS DEM&S ON LIFE1 HE IS UNFITT$ = ?IS BUS9ESS4 

,9 A /ILL WORSE PR$ICAM5T IS ! PHYSICIAN4  ,HIS FANCI$ SCI5CE IS ALL SO >RANG$1 ?AT HE ONLY KN[S H[ TO HEAL ?OSE P]SONS :O DO NO?+4  ,HE REQUIRES AN 9CALCULABLE QUANTITY ( EXP5SIVE PREP>ATIONS1 9/RUM5TS1 DRUGS1 & HYGI5IC APP>ATUS4 

,HE HAS /UDI$ ) CELEBRITIES 9 ! CAPITALS1 :O ONLY RETA9 PATI5TS :O CAN BE CUR$ 9 ! HOSPITAL1 OR :O1 9 ! C\RSE ( !IR CURE1 CAN PUR*ASE ! APPLIANCES REQUISITE = HEAL+1 & EV5 GO AT ONCE FROM ! ,NOR? TO ! ,S\?1 TO SOME BA?S OR O!R4  ,SCI5CE IS ( SU* A NATURE1 ?AT EV]Y RURAL PHYSIC-MAN LAM5TS BECAUSE !RE >E NO MEANS ( CUR+ WORK+-M51 BECAUSE HE IS SO POOR ?AT HE HAS NOT ! MEANS TO PLACE ! SICK MAN 9 ! PROP] HYGI5IC CONDITIONS2 & AT ! SAME TIME ?IS PHYSICIAN COMPLA9S ?AT !RE >E NO HOSPITALS1 & ?AT HE CANNOT GET ?R\< ) HIS WORK1 ?AT HE NE$S ASSI/ANTS1 MORE DOCTORS & PRACTITION]S4 

,:AT IS ! 9F]5CE8  ,?IS3 ?AT ! PEOPLE'S PR9CIPAL LACK1 FROM :I* DISEASES >ISE1 & SPREAD ABROAD1 & REFUSE TO BE HEAL$1 IS ! LACK ( MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE4  ,& H]E ,SCI5CE1 UND] ! BANN] ( ! DIVISION ( LABOR1 SUMMONS H] W>RIORS TO ! AID ( ! PEOPLE4  ,SCI5CE IS 5TIRELY >RANG$ = ! WEAL?Y CLASSES1 & IT HAS ADOPT$ = ITS TASK ! HEAL+ ( ! PEOPLE :O CAN OBTA9 EV]Y ?+ = !MSELVES2 & IT ATTEMPTS TO HEAL ?OSE :O POSSESS NO SUP]FLUITY1 BY ! SAME MEANS4 

,BUT !RE >E NO MEANS1 & !RE=E IT IS NECESS>Y TO TAKE !M FROM ! PEOPLE :O >E AIL+1 & PE/-/RICK51 & :O CANNOT RECOV] = LACK ( MEANS4  ,& N[ ! DEF5D]S ( M$IC9E = ! PEOPLE SAY ?AT ?IS MATT] HAS BE51 AS YET1 BUT LITTLE DEVELOP$4  ,EVID5TLY IT HAS BE5 BUT LITTLE DEVELOP$1 BECAUSE IF 7:I* ,GOD =BID67 IT HAD BE5 DEVELOP$1 & ?AT ?R\< OPPRESS+ ! PEOPLE1--9/EAD ( TWO DOCTORS1 MIDWIVES1 & PRACTITION]S 9 A DI/RICT1 TW5TY W\LD HAVE SETTL$ D[N1 S9CE !Y DESIRE ?IS1 & HALF ! PEOPLE W\LD HAVE DI$ ?R\< ! DIFFICULTY ( SUPPORT+ ?IS M$ICAL /AFF1 & SOON !RE W\LD BE NO ONE TO HEAL4 

,SCI5TIFIC COOP]ATION ) ! PEOPLE1 ( :I* ! DEF5D]S ( SCI5CE TALK1 MU/ BE SOME?+ QUITE DIFF]5T4  ,& ?IS COOP]ATION :I* %\LD EXI/ HAS NOT YET BEGUN4  ,IT WILL BEG9 :5 ! MAN ( SCI5CE1 TE*NOLOGI/ OR PHYSICIAN1 WILL NOT CONSID] IT LEGAL TO TAKE FROM PEOPLE--,I WILL NOT SAY A HUNDR$ ?\S&1 BUT EV5 A MODE/ T5 ?\S&1 OR FIVE HUNDR$ RUBLES = ASSI/+ !M2 BUT :5 HE WILL LIVE AMONG ! TOIL+ PEOPLE1 UND] ! SAME CONDITIONS1 & EXACTLY AS !Y DO1 !N HE WILL BE ABLE TO APPLY HIS KN[L$GE TO ! QUE/IONS ( ME*ANICS1 TE*NICS1 HYGI5E1 & ! HEAL+ ( ! LABOR+ PEOPLE4  ,BUT N[ SCI5CE1 SUPPORT+ ITSELF AT ! EXP5SE ( ! WORK+-PEOPLE1 HAS 5TIRELY =GOTT5 ! CONDITIONS ( LIFE AMONG !SE PEOPLE1 IGNORES 7AS IT PUTS IT7 !SE CONDITIONS1 & TAKES V]Y GRAVE (F5SE BECAUSE ITS FANCI$ KN[L$GE F9DS NO ADH]5TS AMONG ! PEOPLE4 

,! DOMA9 ( M$IC9E1 LIKE ! DOMA9 ( TE*NICAL SCI5CE1 /ILL LIES UNT\*$4  ,ALL QUE/IONS AS TO H[ ! TIME ( LABOR IS BE/ DIVID$1 :AT IS ! BE/ ME?OD ( N\RI%M5T1 ) :AT1 9 :AT %APE1 & :5 IT IS BE/ TO CLO! ONE'S SELF1 TO %OE ONE'S SELF1 TO C\NT]ACT DAMPNESS & COLD1 H[ BE/ TO WA% ONE'S SELF1 TO FE$ ! *ILDR51 TO SWADDLE !M1 & SO ON1 9 JU/ ?OSE CONDITIONS 9 :I* ! WORK+-PEOPLE F9D !MSELVES1--ALL !SE QUE/IONS HAVE NOT YET BE5 PROP\ND$4 

,! SAME IS ! CASE ) ! ACTIVITY ( ! TEA*]S ( SCI5CE1--P$AGOGICAL TEA*]S4  ,EXACTLY 9 ! SAME MANN] SCI5CE HAS SO >RANG$ ?IS MATT]1 ?AT ONLY WEAL?Y PEOPLE >E ABLE TO /UDY SCI5CE1 & TEA*]S1 LIKE TE*NOLOGI/S & PHYSICIANS1 CL+ TO MONEY4 

,& ?IS CANNOT BE O!RWISE1 BECAUSE A S*OOL BUILT ON A MODEL PLAN 7AS A G5]AL RULE1 ! MORE SCI5TIFICALLY BUILT ! S*OOL1 ! MORE CO/LY IT IS71 ) PIVOT *A9S1 & GLOBES1 & MAPS1 & LIBR>Y1 & PETTY TEXT-BOOKS = TEA*]S & S*OL>S & P$AGOGUES1 IS A SORT ( ?+ = :I* IT W\LD BE NECESS>Y TO D\BLE ! TAXES 9 EV]Y VILLAGE4  ,?IS SCI5CE DEM&S4  ,! PEOPLE NE$ MONEY = !IR WORK2 & ! MORE !RE IS NE$$1 ! POOR] !Y >E4 

,DEF5D]S ( SCI5CE SAY3 0,P$AGOGY IS EV5 N[ PROV+ ( ADVANTAGE TO ! PEOPLE1 BUT GIVE IT A *ANCE TO DEVELOP1 & !N IT WILL DO /ILL BETT]40  ,YES1 IF IT DOES DEVELOP1 & 9/EAD ( TW5TY S*OOLS 9 A DI/RICT !RE >E A HUNDR$1 & ALL SCI5TIFIC1 & IF ! PEOPLE SUPPORT !SE S*OOLS1 !Y WILL GR[ POOR] ?AN EV]1 & !Y WILL MORE ?AN EV] NE$ WORK = !IR *ILDR5'S SAKE4  0,:AT IS TO BE DONE80 !Y SAY TO ?IS4  ,! GOV]NM5T WILL BUILD ! S*OOLS1 & WILL MAKE $UCATION OBLIGATORY1 AS IT IS 9 ,EUROPE2 BUT AGA91 SURELY1 ! MONEY IS TAK5 FROM ! PEOPLE JU/ ! SAME1 & IT WILL BE H>D] TO WORK1 & !Y WILL HAVE LESS LEISURE = WORK1 & !RE WILL BE NO $UCATION EV5 BY COMPULSION4  ,AGA9 ! SOLE SALVATION IS ?IS3 ?AT ! TEA*] %\LD LIVE UND] ! CONDITIONS ( ! WORK+-M51 & %\LD TEA* = ?AT COMP5SATION :I* !Y GIVE HIM FREELY & VOLUNT>ILY4 

,SU* IS ! FALSE C\RSE ( SCI5CE1 :I* DEPRIVES IT ( ! P[] ( FULFILL+ ITS OBLIGATION1 :I* IS1 TO S]VE ! PEOPLE4 

,BUT 9 NO?+ IS ?IS FALSE C\RSE ( SCI5CE SO OBVI\SLY APP>5T1 AS 9 ! VOCATION ( >T1 :I*1 FROM ITS V]Y SIGNIFICANCE1 \<T TO BE ACCESSIBLE TO ! PEOPLE4  ,SCI5CE MAY FALL BACK ON ITS /UPID EXCUSE1 ?AT SCI5CE ACTS = SCI5CE1 & ?AT :5 IT TURNS \T LE>N$ M5 IT IS LABOR+ = ! PEOPLE2 BUT >T1 IF IT IS >T1 %\LD BE ACCESSIBLE TO ALL ! PEOPLE1 & 9 P>TICUL> TO ?OSE 9 :OSE NAME IT IS EXECUT$4  ,& \R DEF9ITION ( >T1 9 A /RIK+ MANN]1 CONVICTS ?OSE :O BUSY !MSELVES ) >T1 ( !IR LACK ( DESIRE1 LACK ( KN[L$GE1 & LACK ( P[]1 TO BE USEFUL TO ! PEOPLE4 

,! PA9T]1 = ! PRODUCTION ( HIS GREAT WORKS1 MU/ HAVE A /UDIO ( AT LEA/ SU* DIM5SIONS ?AT A :OLE ASSOCIATION ( C>P5T]S 7=TY 9 NUMB]7 OR %OEMAK]S1 N[ SICK5+ OR /IFL+ 9 LAIRS1 W\LD BE ABLE TO WORK 9 IT4  ,BUT ?IS IS NOT ALL2 HE MU/ HAVE A MODEL1 CO/UMES1 TRAVELS4  ,MILLIONS >E EXP5D$ ON ! 5C\RAGEM5T ( >T1 & ! PRODUCTS ( ?IS >T >E BO? 9COMPREH5SIBLE & USELESS TO ! PEOPLE4  ,MUSICIANS1 9 ORD] TO EXPRESS !IR GR& IDEAS1 MU/ ASSEMBLE TWO HUNDR$ M5 9 :ITE NECKTIES1 OR 9 CO/UMES1 & SP5D HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( RUBLES = ! EQUIPM5T ( AN OP]A4  ,& ! PRODUCTS ( ?IS >T CANNOT EVOKE FROM ! PEOPLE--EV5 IF ! LATT] C\LD AT ANY TIME 5JOY IT--ANY ?+ EXCEPT AMAZEM5T & 5NUI4 

,WRIT]S--AU?ORS--IT APPE>S1 DO NOT REQUIRE SURR\ND+S1 /UDIOS1 MODELS1 OR*E/RAS1 & ACTORS2 BUT IT !N APPE>S ?AT ! AU?OR NE$S 7NOT TO M5TION COM=T 9 HIS QU>T]S7 ALL ! DA9TIES ( LIFE = ! PREP>ATION ( HIS GREAT WORKS1 TRAVELS1 PALACES1 CAB9ETS1 LIBR>IES1 ! PLEASURES ( >T1 VISITS TO !AT]S1 CONC]TS1 ! BA?S1 & SO ON4  ,IF HE DOES NOT E>N A =TUNE = HIMSELF1 HE IS GRANT$ A P5SION1 9 ORD] ?AT HE MAY COMPOSE ! BETT]4  ,& AGA91 !SE COMPOSITIONS1 SO PRIZ$ BY US1 REMA9 USELESS LUMB] = ! PEOPLE1 & UTT]LY UNS]VICEABLE TO !M4 

,& IF /ILL MORE ( !SE DEAL]S 9 SPIRITUAL N\RI%M5T >E DEVELOP$ FUR!R1 AS M5 ( SCI5CE DESIRE1 & A /UDIO IS ]ECT$ 9 EV]Y VILLAGE2 IF AN OR*E/RA IS SET UP1 & AU?ORS >E SUPPORT$ 9 ?OSE CONDITIONS :I* >TI/IC PEOPLE REG>D AS 9DISP5SABLE = !MSELVES1--,I IMAG9E ?AT ! WORK+-CLASSES WILL SOON] TAKE AN OA? NEV] TO LOOK AT ANY PICTURES1 NEV] TO LI/5 TO A SYMPHONY1 NEV] TO READ POETRY OR NOVELS1 ?AN TO FE$ ALL !SE P]SONS4 

,& :Y1 APP>5TLY1 %\LD >T NOT BE ( S]VICE TO ! PEOPLE8  ,9 EV]Y COTTAGE !RE >E IMAGES & PICTURES2 EV]Y PEASANT MAN & WOMAN S+S2 MANY [N H>MONICAS2 & ALL RECITE /ORIES & V]SES1 & MANY READ4  ,IT IS AS IF ?OSE TWO ?+S :I* >E MADE = EA* O!R--! LOCK & ! KEY--HAD P>T$ COMPANY2 !Y HAVE SPRUNG SO F> AP>T1 ?AT NOT EV5 ! POSSIBILITY ( UNIT+ !M PRES5TS ITSELF4  ,TELL ! >TI/ ?AT HE %\LD PA9T )\T A /UDIO1 MODEL1 OR CO/UMES1 & ?AT HE %\LD PA9T FIVE-KOPECK PICTURES1 & HE WILL SAY ?AT ?AT IS TANTAM\NT TO AB&ON+ HIS >T1 AS HE UND]/&S IT4  ,TELL ! MUSICIAN ?AT HE %\LD PLAY ON ! H>MONICA1 & TEA* ! WOM5 TO S+ SONGS2 SAY TO ! POET1 TO ! AU?OR1 ?AT HE \<T TO CA/ ASIDE HIS POEMS & ROMANCES1 & COMPOSE SONG-BOOKS1 TALES1 & /ORIES1 COMPREH5SIBLE TO ! UN$UCAT$ PEOPLE1--!Y WILL SAY ?AT Y\ >E MAD4 

,! S]VICE ( ! PEOPLE BY SCI5CE & >T WILL ONLY BE P]=M$ :5 PEOPLE1 DWELL+ 9 ! MID/ ( ! COMMON FOLK1 &1 LIKE ! COMMON FOLK1 PUTT+ =W>D NO DEM&S1 CLAIM+ NO RI<TS1 %ALL (F] TO ! COMMON FOLK !IR SCI5TIFIC & >TI/IC S]VICES2 ! ACCEPTANCE OR REJECTION ( :I* %ALL DEP5D :OLLY ON ! WILL ( ! COMMON FOLK4 

,IT IS SAID ?AT ! ACTIVITY ( SCI5CE & >T HAS AID$ 9 ! =W>D M>* ( MANK9D1--MEAN+ BY ?IS ACTIVITY1 ?AT :I* IS N[ CALL$ BY ?AT NAME2 :I* IS ! SAME AS SAY+ ?AT AN UNSKILL$ BANG+ ( O>S ON A VESSEL ?AT IS FLOAT+ ) ! TIDE1 :I* M]ELY H9D]S ! PROGRESS ( ! VESSEL1 IS ASSI/+ ! MOVEM5T ( ! %IP4  ,IT ONLY RET>DS IT4  ,! SO-CALL$ DIVISION ( LABOR1 :I* HAS BECOME 9 \R DAY ! CONDITION ( ACTIVITY ( M5 ( SCI5CE & >T1 WAS1 & HAS REMA9$1 ! *IEF CAUSE ( ! T>DY =W>D MOVEM5T ( MANK9D4 

,! PRO(S ( ?IS LIE 9 ?AT CONFESSION ( ALL M5 ( SCI5CE1 ?AT ! GA9S ( SCI5CE & >T >E 9ACCESSIBLE TO ! LABOR+ MASSES1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ! FAULTY DI/RIBUTION ( RI*ES4  ,! IRREGUL>ITY ( ?IS DI/RIBUTION DOES NOT DECREASE 9 PROPORTION TO ! PROGRESS ( SCI5CE & >T1 BUT ONLY 9CREASES4  ,M5 ( >T & SCI5CE ASSUME AN AIR ( DEEP PITY = ?IS UN=TUNATE CIRCUM/ANCE :I* DOES NOT DEP5D UPON !M4  ,BUT ?IS UN=TUNATE CIRCUM/ANCE IS PRODUC$ BY !MSELVES2 = ?IS IRREGUL> DI/RIBUTION ( WEAL? FL[S SOLELY FROM ! !ORY ( ! DIVISION ( LABOR4 

,SCI5CE MA9TA9S ! DIVISION ( LABOR AS A UNALT]ABLE LAW2 IT SEES ?AT ! DI/RIBUTION ( WEAL?1 F\ND$ ON ! DIVISION ( LABOR1 IS WRONG & RU9\S2 & IT AFFIRMS ?AT ITS ACTIVITY1 :I* RECOGNIZES ! DIVISION ( LABOR1 WILL LEAD PEOPLE TO BLISS4  ,! RESULT IS1 ?AT SOME PEOPLE MAKE USE ( ! LABOR ( O!RS2 BUT ?AT1 IF !Y %ALL MAKE USE ( ! LABOR ( O!RS = A V]Y LONG P]IOD ( TIME1 & 9 /ILL L>G] MEASURE1 !N ?IS WRONGFUL DI/RIBUTION ( WEAL?1 I4E41 ! USE ( ! LABOR ( O!RS1 WILL COME TO AN 5D4 

,M5 /& BESIDE A CON/ANTLY SWELL+ SPR+ ( WAT]1 & >E OCCUPI$ ) ! PROBLEM ( DIV]T+ IT TO ONE SIDE1 AWAY FROM ! ?IR/Y PEOPLE1 & !Y ASS]T ?AT !Y >E PRODUC+ ?IS WAT]1 & ?AT SOON 5\< WILL BE COLLECT$ = ALL4  ,BUT ?IS WAT] :I* HAS FL[$1 & :I* /ILL FL[S UNCEAS+LY1 & N\RI%ES ALL MANK9D1 NOT ONLY IS NOT ! RESULT ( ! ACTIVITY ( ! M5 :O1 /&+ AT ITS S\RCE1 TURN IT ASIDE1 BUT ?IS WAT] FL[S & GU%ES \T1 9 SPITE ( ! EF=TS ( !SE M5 TO OB/RUCT ITS FL[4 

,!RE HAVE ALWAYS EXI/$ A TRUE SCI5CE1 & A TRUE >T2 BUT TRUE SCI5CE & >T >E NOT SU* BECAUSE !Y CALL$ !MSELVES BY ?AT NAME4  ,IT ALWAYS SEEMS TO ?OSE :O CLAIM AT ANY GIV5 P]IOD TO BE ! REPRES5TATIVES ( SCI5CE & >T1 ?AT !Y HAVE P]=M$1 & >E P]=M+1 &--MO/ ( ALL--?AT !Y WILL PRES5TLY P]=M1 ! MO/ AMAZ+ M>VELS1 & ?AT BESIDE !M !RE NEV] HAS BE5 & !RE IS NOT ANY SCI5CE OR ANY >T4  ,?US IT SEEM$ TO ! SOPHI/S1 ! S*OLA/ICS1 ! AL*EMI/S1 ! CABALI/S1 ! TALMUDI/S2 & ?US IT SEEMS TO \R [N SCI5TIFIC SCI5CE1 & TO \R >T = ! SAKE ( >T4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahhf 3 ,*APT] #d -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bb 3 ,*APT] #d -- ,ADD$4 

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