,BOOK #a1 ,*APT] #aa 
,ROME 

#ahbahb 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,GODW9 

,TEXT 3 

,GODW91 ,WILLIAM4 ,( ,POPULATION4 ,LONDON3 ,LONGMAN1 ,HUR/1 ,REES1 ,ORME & ,BR[N1 ,PAT]NO/] ,R[1 #a#h#b4 

  
  
,*,A,P,T,] ,X,I4 

  
  
  
,ROME 

  
  

,FROM ,SP>TA LET US PASS TO ! REPUBLIC ( ANCI5T ,ROME4 ,9 ?IS /ATE ! SUBJECT ( POPULATION SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 MORE /UDI$ & SY/EMATICALLY ATT5D$ TO1 ?AN 9 ANY O!R UPON RECORD4 ,! 9/ITUTION ( ! ,C5SUS ( :I* WE HAVE LATELY HE>D SO MU*1 AS IF IT W]E A ?+ ALTOGE!R NEW1 TOGE!R ) ! NAME1 TOOK ITS RISE4 9 ?IS CITY4 ,! ORIG9AL REGULATION WAS1 ?AT ! CITIZ5S CAPABLE ( BE>+ >MS1 OR 9 O!R WORDS1 ALL ! MALES ( A C]TA9 AGE1 & 5TITL$ TO ! PRIVILEGES ( A ,ROMAN CITIZ51 %\LD BE NUMB]$ EV]Y FIVE YE>S2 &1 ?\< ?IS C]EMONY WAS (T5 9T]RUPT$ ?R\< ! OCCURR5CE ( EXTRAORD9>Y AFFAIRS1 YET ITS SEV5TY-SECOND REPETITION TOOK PLACE 9 ! YE> ( ,ROME #g#g1 TWO YE>S AFT] ! BATTLE ( ,PH>SALIA4 

,AS ?IS IS A SPECIES ( DOCUM5T TO :I* HI!RTO !RE EXI/S NO P>ALLEL1 ,I HAVE ?\<T IT WOR? :ILE TO 9S]T H]E ! SUMS ( AS MANY ( ! 5UM]ATIONS AS >E TO BE F\ND 9 ,LIVY1 ADD+ TO !M SU* AS OCCUR 9 ! EPITOMES :I* REMA9 ( ! LO/ BOOKS ( ,LIVY4 ,I AM NOT SURE ?AT ! COMMON CON/RUCTION1 :I* ,I HAVE ADOPT$1 IS ! TRUE ONE1 ?AT !SE NUMB]S REPRES5T ! CITIZ5S CAPABLE ( BE>+ >MS2 S9CE TO ! 5UM]ATION = ! YE> ( ,ROME #bhh IT IS ADD$1 ?AT ?IS WAS ! TRUE NUMB]1 EXCLUSIVE ( MALE & FEMALE ORPHANS1 & TO ,METELLUS'S 5UM]ATION = #f#b#b1 ?AT ?IS WAS ! TRUE NUMB]1 EXCLUSIVE ( M9ORS & WID[S4 ,BUT1 :ATEV] ! NUMB]S DID OR DID NOT REPRES5T1 & :ATEV] UNC]TA9TY MAY EXI/ ON ?AT HEAD1 !Y >E PLA9LY USEFUL 9ASMU* AS !Y 5ABLE US TO COMP>E ONE P]IOD ) ANO!R4 ,I WILL /ILL LESS UND]TAKE1 AS ,MR4 ,MAL?US DOES RESPECT+ ! POPULATION ( ,NOR? ,AM]ICA1 ?AT !SE 9CREAS+ NUMB]S1 :]E !Y 9CREASE1 >E PROCUR$ 0FROM PROCREATION ONLY40 ,IT IS NOT MY 9T5TION TO TREAT H]E ( ! V>I\S ME?ODS UPON RECORD1 EMPLOY$ BY ! ,ROMAN GOV]NM5T TO RECRUIT ! NUMB] ( H] CITIZ5S4 ,BUT WE AT LEA/ [E SO MU* TO ! ILLU/RI\S & S+UL> EXAMPLE ( ! ,ROMAN REPUBLIC1 AS NOT TO =GET H] 5UM]ATIONS1 :5EV] WE DESIRE TO SPECULATE FAIRLY ON ! SUBJECT ( POPULATION4 

,! FIR/ ,C5SUS1 OR ,LU/RATION ( ! PEOPLE ( ,ROME1 WAS MADE BY ,S]VIUS ,TULLIUS1 ! SIX? K+1 :O IS SAID TO HAVE REIGN$ FROM ! YE> ( ,ROME #agd TO #b#a#i4 ,! SUM ( HIS 5UM]ATION WAS #h1 CITIZ5S4 ,! RE/ >E AS FOLL[3  

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,IT IS A SUBJECT !RE=E ( SOME 9T]E/ TO 9QUIRE :AT W]E ! LAWS ( ?IS CELEBRAT$ REPUBLIC UPON ! SUBJECT ( POPULATION1 TO :I* !IR ATT5TION WAS SO P]PETUALLY RECALL$4 ,! OLD LAW1 ACCORD+ TO ,DIONYSIUS ( ,HALIC>NASSUS1 :I* HE SAYS WAS 9 FULL =CE 9 ! YE> OT ,ROME #b#g#g1 REQUIR$ EV]Y CITIZ5 TO M>RY1 & TO RE> ALL HIS *ILDR54 ,! LAWS FUR!R ATTA*$ C]TA9 PRIVILEGES TO ! /ATE ( A M>RI$ MAN1 O!RS TO HIM :O HAD (FSPR+1 & O!RS /ILL MORE EXT5SIVE TO HIM :O HAD ?REE *ILDR54 ,! CITIZ5 :O HAD ! GREATE/ NUMB] ( *ILDR51 HAD ON ALL OCCASIONS ! PREF]5CE1 :E!R 9 SU+ = (FICE1 OR 9 ! EX]CISE ( (FICE :5 OBTA9$4 ,! CONSUL :O HAD ! MO/ NUM]\S (FSPR+1 HAD ! PRIORITY 9 ! MAGI/RACY1 & TOOK FIR/ HIS *OICE ( ! PROV9CES1 :5 HIS YE> WAS EXPIR$2 ! S5ATOR :O HAD ! L>GE/ FAMILY1 WAS NAM$ FIR/ 9 ! CATALOG ( S5ATORS1 & WAS FIR/ CALL$ UPON TO GIVE HIS OP9ION ON ! SUBJECT 9 DEBATE4 ,9 ! YE> ( ,ROME #f#b#b1 FIFTE5 YE>S AFT] ! DE/RUCTION ( ,C>?AGE1 ! C5SORS ,METELLUS & ,QU9T US ,POMPEIUS1 F9D+ ! NUMB] ( CITIZ5S R$UC$ BETWE5 ?IS & ! LA/ 5UM]ATION1 FROM #c#b#c1 TO #c#a#c1 #h#b#c1 TOOK OCCASION TO 9=CE ! OLD LAW1 & DECRE$1 ?AT 0 ALL %\LD BE OBLIG$ TO M>RY1 = ! SAKE ( PROCREAT+ *ILDR540 ,JULIUS ,CES>1 DUR+ HIS FIR/ CONSUL%IP1 & AFT]W>DS1 ADOPT$ MEASURES ( A SIMIL> T5D5CY4 ,9 A DIVISION HE MADE ( L&S HE RES]V$ TW5TY ?\S& %>ES = SU* CITIZ5S AS %\LD HAVE ?REE OR MORE *ILDR52 & =BADE ! LADIES1 :O W]E UNM>RI$1 OR *ILDLESS1 TO WE> JEWELS 3 AN EXCELL5T PLAN1 SAYS ,MONTESQUIEU1 = PRESS+ ! VANITY ( ! FAIR 9TO ! S]VICE ( ! /ATE4 ,AUGU/US W5T /ILL F>!R4 ,HE IMPOS$ NEW P5ALTIES ON ! UNM>RI$1 & 9CREAS$ ! REW>DS ( ?OSE :O HAD *ILDR54 ,HE CAUS$ ! SPEE* ( ,METELLUS ! ,C5SOR 9 ! YE> #fbb TO BE RECIT$ 9 ! S5ATE1 ! T5OR ( :I* WAS1 0 ,IF ! HUMAN RACE C\LD BE P]PETUAT$ )\T WOM51 WE %\LD BE DELIV]$ FROM A GREAT EVIL3 BUT1 AS ! LAW ( NATURE HAS DECRE$ ?AT WE CAN NEI!R LIVE HAPPILY ) !M1 NOR SUBSI/ AS A SPECIES )\T !M1 IT IS ! DUTY ( ALL TO SACRIFICE !IR IMM$IATE REPOSE TO ! GOOD ( ! /ATE40 ,TO :I* ,AUGU/US SUBJO9$3 0 ,! CITY ( ,ROME1 ( :I* WE >E SO JU/LY PR\D1 DOES NOT CONSI/ ( ITS H\SES1 ITS PORTICOES1 & PUBLIC BUILD+S2 IT IS ! M5 ( ,ROME ?AT CON/ITUTE ! CITY4 ,WE MU/ NOT EXPECT TO SEE1 :AT WE READ ( 9 OLD FABLES1 HUMAN BE+S SPR+ =? \T ( ! E>? TO UND]TAKE ! BUS9ESS ( ! /ATE4 ,! OBJECT ( MY C>E IS TO P]PETUATE ! COMMONWEAL?2 & 9 ?IS ,I CALL UPON EA* MEMB] ( ! COMMUNITY TO CONTRIBUTE HIS P>T40 

,IT WAS 9 ! SAME SPIRIT1 ?AT ! CIVIC CR[N1 GIV5 TO HIM :O %\LD SAVE ! LIFE ( A CITIZ51 WAS CONSID]$ AS ! MO/ GLORI\S ( ALL REW>DS AMONG ! ,ROMANS4 ,NOR AM ,I SURE1 ?AT ! ,PORCIAN LAW1 PASS$ 9 ! YE> ( ,ROME #d#e#c1 :I* =BADE ! 09FLICTION ( /RIPES OR DEA? ON A ,ROMAN CITIZ51 DID NOT [E ITS EXI/5CE1 AT LEA/ 9 P>T1 TO ?IS PR9CIPLE4 

,!RE HAS 9DE$ (T5 BE5 QUOT$ ON ! O!R SIDE1 ! PRACTICE ( :I* WE READ 9 ! ,ROMAN HI/ORY1 ( ! EXPOS+ ( 9FANTS4 ,BUT ?IS WAS SUBJECT$ TO REGULATIONS ( ! SAME NATURE 9 ,ROME1 AS 9 ,SP>TA1 FROM :5CE1 ACCORD+ TO ,DIONYSIUS1 ! ,ROMANS >E TO BE CONSID]$ AS D]IV+ !IR ORIG94 ,IF A *ILD WAS BORN MON/R\S OR DE=M$1 IT WAS P]MITT$ TO ! FA!R TO EXPOSE IT2 BUT HE WAS PREVI\SLY REQUIR$ TO %EW ! *ILD TO FIVE ( HIS NE>E/ NEI<BORS1 & OBTA9 !IR SANCTION4 

,TO SUM UP ! :OLE ( :AT RELATES TO ?IS SUBJECT 9 ! REPUBLIC ( ,ROME4 ,I SEE NO CAUSE :Y WE %\LD NOT REASON AS CONFID5TLY UPON ! RECORDS ( ! ,C5SUS 9 ! ,ROMAN HI/ORY1 AS UPON ! ,C5SUS ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES OT ,NOI? ,AM]ICA1 OR ! 5UM]ATIONS ( ! ISL& ( ,GREAT ,BRITA94 ,! LATT] >E AFFAIRS ( YE/]DAY4 ,! ,AM]ICAN ,C5SUS HAS BE5 TAK5 ?REE TIMES 9 A P]IOD ( ?IRTY YE>S2 ! ,5UM]ATION ( ,GREAT ,BRITA9 TWICE4 ,! ,UNIT$ ,/ATE ( ,AM]ICA HAVE AF=D$ A SC5E ( CONT9U\S EMIGRATION1 UNP>ALLEL$ 9 ! HI/ORY ( ! WORLD4 ,! DIFF]5CE ( ! TWO ,5UM]ATIONS 9 ,GREAT ,BRITA9 IS NOT MORE ?AN MAY FAIRLY BE ACC\NT$ = FROM ! NOVELTY ( ! EXP]IM5T4 ,! NUMB]+ ( ! CITIZ5S ( ,ROME TOOK PLACE SEV5TY-TWO TIMES 9 A P]IOD ( FIVE HUNDR$ YE>S4 

,9 ,ROME EV]Y 5C\RAGEM5T WAS GIV5 TO M>RIAGE4 ,! MAGI/RATES W]E P]PETUALLY ANXI\S = ! MULTIPLICATION ( H] CITIZ5S4 ,! NUMB] ( H] D5IZ5S WAS FREQU5TLY AUGM5T$ BY 5ROLL+ FRE% 4RECRUITS FROM AMONG H] ALLIES4 ,YET WE SEE TO :AT P]PETUAL FLUCTUATIONS IT WAS EXPOS$4 ,A S+LE CITY AF=DS C]TA9LY A V]Y IMP]FECT CRIT]ION RESPECT+ ! MULTIPLICATION 4( MANK9D4 ,MANY WILL BE CONT9UALLY RETIR+ FROM ! T[N 9TO ! C\NTRY4 ,MANY MORE WILL FL[ FROM ALL P>TS ( ! C\NTRY TO PEOPLE ! METROPOLIS4 ,! /OCK ( H] POPULATION WILL BE 9 A /ATE ( CONT9UAL *ANGE4 ,I DO NOT ?9K ?AT ! ,ROMAN ,C5SUS SUPPLIES A DEMON/RATIVE >GUM5T AGA9/ ! 9CREASE ( MANK9D4 ,BUT ,I ?9K IT IS BEYOND COMP>ISON ! MO/ AMPLE DOCUM5T FROM ANCI5T HI/ORY TO PROVE1 ?AT IF !Y 9CREASE AT ALL1 ?AT 9CREASE MU/ BE EFFECT$ BY DEGREES V]Y SL[1 IF NOT ALMO/ 9S5SIBLE4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahai 3 ,BOOK #a1 ,*APT] #aa -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#h1 #bag 3 ,BOOK #a1 ,*APT] #aa -- ,ADD$4 

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