,OBITU>Y3 ,PI] ,C>LO ,MAS9I ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,AN>*I/ ,F$]ATION ,TEXT 3 ,! NOT$ HI/ORIAN ,PI] ,C>LO ,MAS9I HAS DI$ AT ! AGE ( #ge 9 ,FLOR5CE4 ,BORN AT ,C]BAIA 9 ! PROV9CE ( ,FLOR5CE1 9 #a#i#b#c1 ,MAS9I'S Y\? WAS SP5T 9 ! ANTIFASCI/ /UD5T CIRCLES :I* SPRANG UP 9 ,FLOR5CE AT ! 5D ( ! #cS4 ,HE JO9$ ! LIB]AL-SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T ( ,TRI/ANO ,CODIGNOLA1 & WAS A DRIV+ =CE 9 ITS Y\? GR\P >\ND ! MAGAZ9E ,>GOM5TI4 ,HE WAS >RE/$ = 0CONSPIRATORIAL0 ACTIVITY ON #ba ,JUNE #aidb & CONDEMN$ TO #c YE>S CONF9EM5T AT ,GU>DIA ,SANFRAMONDI 9 ! ,MATESE M\NTA9S 9 S\!RN ,ITALY4 ,RELEAS$ ON #a#i? ,MAY #aidc HE RETURN$ TO ,TUSCANY & !RE GREW CLOSE TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,DUR+ ! LA/ PHASE ( ! W> & ! IMM$IATE PO/-LIB]ATION P]IOD1 ,MAS9I MOV$ T[>DS ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 ) :AT HE SAW AS ! COMPROMISES ( ,TOGLIATTI1 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY LEAD]4 ,UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( ! AN>*I/ VET]ANS ,ALFONSO ,FAILLA1 ,UMB]TO ,M>ZOC*I7:O HAD F\*I/ MILITIAS DUR+ ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W>7 & ,M>IO ,MANTOVANI1 ,PI] ,C>LO BECAME 5?US$ ) ! IDEALS ( AN>*ISM FROM ,AUGU/ #a#i#d#e4 ,TWO ( ! FIR/ ,AN>*I/ PAP]S TO APPE> 9 ,TUSCANY 9 ! MON?S FOLL[+ ! ,LIB]ATION W]E $IT$ BY ,MAS9I- ,PASSIONE ,RIVOLUZION>IA1 ORGAN ( ! ,TUSCAN ,AN>*I/ ,Y\?1 & ,ALBA DEI ,LIB]I 7,DAWN ( ! ,FREE74 ,MAS9I'S RELATION%IP ) ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T WAS NOT EASY4 ,PI] ,C>LO WAS FULL ( DYNAMISM & 5?USIASM1 BUT HE (T5 CAME UP AGA9/ COMRADES ADVANC$ 9 YE>S1 EXHAU/$ BY ! LONG /RUGGLE AGA9/ FASCISM & (T5 ISOLAT$ & M>G9ALIZ$ )9 ! WORK]S MOVEM5T BY ! HEGEMONY ( ,M>XISM4 ,MAS9I SET \T TO CONSCI\SLY REVIVE ! MOVEM5T1 CREAT+ A POLITICAL & CULTURAL NETWORK ?AT REA*$ \T F> BEYOND ! MOVEM5T ITSELF4 ,HE PUT ! FIR/ /AGE ( ?IS PLAN 9TO OP]ATION ) ! MAGAZ9E ,GIOV5TU ,AN>*ICA 7,AN>*I/ ,Y\?7 :I* APPE>$ BETWE5 #a#i#d#f-#a#i#d#g1 JO9TLY $IT$ ) ,C>LO ,DOGLIO4 ,DESPITE ITS BRIEF LIFE ( #ad ISSUES ! MAGAZ9E HAD A GREAT 9FLU5CE ON ! R5AISSANCE ( ,ITALIAN AN>*ISM1 ) >TICLES COV]+ MANY POLITICAL & CULTURAL ISSUES1 9CLUD+ IMPORTANT >TICLES ON C9EMA WRITT5 BY ,DOGLIO4 ,MAS9I1 ?R\< ! MAGAZ9E1 5T]$ 9TO DIALOGUE ) O!R REVIEWS & ! T9Y ,BORDIGI/ & ,TROTSKYI/ ORGANIZATIONS4 ,)9 ! ,ITALIAN ,AN>*I/ ,F$]ATION 7,F,A,I7 ,MAS9I WAS 9ITIALLY OCCUPI$ ) ITS ,ANTIMILIT>I/ ,COMMISSION1 !N BECOM+ $ITOR ( ! ,F,A,I WEEKLY PAP] ,UMANITA ,NOVA 9 #a#i#d#h4 ,A MAGNIFIC5T & 5]GETIC $ITOR1 HE WAS ALSO A SUP]B ORATOR4 ,! 9T]NAL CONFLICT )9 ! ,F,A,I BETWE5 ! Y\? GR\P$ >\ND ,MAS9I & ! MORE TRADITIONAL ELEM5TS CAME TO A HEAD ) ! ,LIVORNO CONGRESS ( #aidi & ! ,ANCONA CONGRESS ( #a#i#e4 ,MAS9I PROPOS$ A ,LIB]T>IAN ,P>TY ) AN AN>*I/ !ORY & PRACTICE ADAPT$ TO ! NEW ECONOMIC1 POLITICAL & SOCIAL REALITY ( PO/W> ,ITALY1 ) AN 9T]NATIONALI/ \TLOOK & EFFECTIVE PRES5CE 9 ! WORKPLACES4 ,?IS L$ TO ! SECESSION ( ! GR\P >\ND ,MAS9I & ! CREATION ( ! MAGAZ9E ,L',IMPULSO & ! ,GRUPPI ,AN>*ICI D',AZIONE ,PROLET>IA 7,G,A,A,P-,AN>*I/ ,GR\PS ( ,PROLET>IAN ,ACTION7 ,! ,G,A,A,P ALLI$ !MSELVES ) A SIMIL> DEVELOPM5T )9 ! ,FR5* ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 ! ,F$]ATION ,COMMUNI/E ,LIB]TAIRE1 :OSE LEAD+ LIIAN ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL 7,I,C,L7 9 #a#i#e#d1 ALONG ) A SMALL ,SPANI% SECTION & 9=MAL L9KS ) ! ,BRITI% MOVEM5T VIA ! MILITANT ,K5 ,HAWKES4 ,H[EV]1 ! ,G,A,A,P'S HOPES ( BREAK+ \T ( ISOLATION HAD NOT TAK5 ACC\NT ( ! MY/IFICATION PURVEY$ BY ! ,ITALIAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY7,P,C,I7 & ITS POLITICAL & CULTURAL HEGEMONY OV] ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,?IS L$ ON TO COLLABORATION ) ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY DISSID5TS & ABOVE ALL ) ,AZIONE ,COMUNI/A 1 A CONF$]ATION ( SMALL ,BORDIGI/1 ,TROTSKYI/ & EX-,COMMUNI/ ORGANIZATIONS1 AMONG ! LATT] BE+ ,GIULIO ,S5IGA1 :O HAD BE5 ON ! EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ( ! ,P,C,I4 ,?IS GR\P+ HAD BE5 ! RESULT ( ! ,HUNG>IAN REVOLUTION ( #aief & REPRES5T$ ! 9T]NATIONALI/ & ANTI,/AL9I/ SECTION ( ! ,ITALIAN EXTRAP>LIAM5T>Y LEFT4 ,! ,G,A,A,P FUZ$ ) ,AZIONE ,COMUNI/A4 ,H[EV] AS ,MAS9I WROTE 9 A LETT] TO ,FONT5IS1 0NO/ALGI/S = PALEOLI?IC ,L59ISM & SECONDH& ,L59I/S0 SEIZ$ CONTROL ( ,AZIONE ,COMUNI/A & =C$ \T OR DISC\RAG$ ! AN>*I/S4 ,MAS9I MADE ! DECISION TO JO9 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY 7,P,S,I7 AT ! 5D ( #a#i#e#h1 JO9+ A T5D5CY )9 IT ?AT HAD 9T]NATIONALI/1 CLASSI/ & ANTI-,TOGLIATTI POSITIONS4 ,HE REMA9$ ) !SE SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC VIEWS = ! RE/ ( HIS LIFE4 ,H[EV]1 ,MAS9I CONT9U$ HIS 9T]E/ 9 ! HI/ORIC /UDY ( AN>*ISM4 ,HE PRODUC$ A F9E PAMPHLET ON ! ,ITALIAN FACTORY C\NCILS ( PO/-,W,W#a ,ITALY4 ,HE COLLABORAT$ ) ! LE>N$ J\RNALS ,RIVI/A ,/ORICA DEL ,SOCIALISMO & ,MOVIM5TO ,OP]AIO E ,SOCIALI/A4 ,HE PRODUC$ HIS FIR/ BOOK ON ! ,9T]NATIONALI/S & ! AN>*I/ 9SURRECTIONS ( #a#h#g#f-#g#h4 ,HE FOLL[$ ?IS UP ) AN $ITION ( #c VOLUMES ( ! WRIT+S ( ,BAKUN91 ! GREAT ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/4 ,9 #aifc HE PRODUC$ A COLLECTION ( ! LEAFLETS1 MANIFE/OS & PROCLAMATIONS ( ! ,ITALIAN SECTION ( ! ,FIR/ ,9T]NATIONAL #a#h#g#a-#a#h#h4 ,! IMPORTANCE ( ,MAS9I AS HI/ORIAN ( AN>*ISM CAN BE HIT$ HIS WORK 9 ! E>LY #fS1 !RE WAS NO S]I\S /UDIES ON ,ITALIAN AN>*ISM1 \TSIDE ( ! SMALL AN>*I/ PUBLI%+ H\SES4 ,MAS9I CONT9U$ HIS WORK ) ,! ,FIR/ ,9T]NATIONAL 9 ,ITALY1 /ILL ONE ( ! GREAT WORKS ( HI/ORIOGRAPHY4 ,HE FOLL[$ ?IS UP ) ,HI/ORY ( ! ,ITALIAN ,AN>*I/S FROM ,BAKUN9 TO ,MALATE/A 9 #a#i#f#i4 ,A *EAP $ITION ( ?IS BOOK 9 #aigd HAD A GREAT 9FLU5CE ON W9N+ MANY Y\NG PEOPLE OV] TO ! IDEAS ( AN>*ISM4 ,DESPITE !IR DISAGREEM5TS ) ,MAS9I'S *ANG$ POLITICAL VIEWS1 MANY ,ITALIAN AN>*I/S REMA9 GRATEFUL TO HIM = HIS HI/ORIC WORK4 ,9 ! LA/ YE>S ( HIS LIFE ,MAS9I DEVOT$ HIMSELF TO O!RS ( HIS PASSIONS = RESE>*1 9 P>TICUL> A HI/ORY ( ,ITALIAN LIT]ATURE BETWE5 #g-#h4 ,?IS DID NOT /OP HIM ?R[+ HIMSELF ) Y\?FUL 5?USIASM 9TO COLLABORAT+ ) ! J\RNAL ,RIVI/A ,/ORICA DELL' ,AN>*ISMO 7,HI/ORICAL ,REVIEW ( ,AN>*ISM74 ,HE PUT GREAT EF=TS 9TO PREP>ATORY WORK = ! REVIEW1 ?\TICLE HE EV] WROTE1 ON ! ATTEMPT ON ,MUSSOL9I'S LIFE BY ! Y\NG AN>*I/ ,ANTEO ,ZAMBONI APPE>$ 9 ITS SECOND ISSUE4 ,MAS9I'S /RONG P]SONALITY1 HIS MODE/Y & HIS /YLE ( ME?ODIC WORK1 HIS 9TELLECTUAL WISDOM1 HIS ,TOSCANITA 7,TUSCANNESS7 5DE>$ HIM TO ?OSE :O HAD ! GOOD =TUNE TO BE HIS FRI5DS4 ,PI] ,C>LO ,MAS9I1 ,ITALIAN HI/ORIAN4 ,BORN #bf ,M>* #a#i#b#c1 DI$ #ai ,OCTOB] #a#i#i#h4 7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON ,MAY #a#c1 #bac FROM WEB4>*IVE4ORG47 ,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,JANU>Y #a#f1 #bbb 3 ,OBITU>Y3 ,PI] ,C>LO ,MAS9I -- ,ADD$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/