,*APT] #c 

#baba 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,BOB ,BLACK 

,TEXT 3 

,*APT] #c4 ,! ,P[] ( ,POSITIVE ,?9K+1 OR1 ,POSITIVE ,?9K+ ( ,P[] 

  

,AN>*ISM IS A PHILOSOPHY ( FRE$OM4 ,O!R PHILOSOPHIES :I* >E OLD]1 LIKE LIB]ALISM1 OR BETT] FUND$1 LIKE LIB]T>IANISM1 MAKE ! SAME CLAIM1 BUT !Y %R9K FROM ! LOGICAL1 UNQUALIFI$ ASS]TION ( LIB]TY AGA9/ ITS ANTI!SIS3 ! /ATE4 ,TO ?AT EXT5T1 AN>*I/S EASILY HAVE A BETT] UND]/&+ ( FRE$OM ?AN ITS O!R1 DEEPLY CONFLICT$ PROPON5TS4 ,BUT BETT] IS NOT NECESS>ILY GOOD 5\<4 ,! MEAN+ ( FRE$OM IS SOME?+ AN>*I/S MORE (T5 TAKE = GRANT$ ?AN >TICULATE1 MU* LESS ANALYZE4 ,WE %\LD ?9K MORE AB\T ?IS4 

,BOOK*9 (T5 TRIES TO IMPRESS HIS READ]S ) =AYS 9TO O!R FIELDS1 9CLUD+ PHILOSOPHY4 ,& 9DE$ HIS PHILOSOPHIC DABBL+ IS REVEAL+4 ,S9CE WRIT+ ON ?IS TOPIC1 ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS HAS F9ALLY AGRE$ ) MY CONCLUSION ?AT HE IS NOT AN AN>*I/4.<#e#g.> ,= ONCE WE CAN TAKE HIM AT HIS WORD1 & HE IS A MAN ( MANY1 MANY WORDS1 MANY1 MANY ( :I* HE DOES NOT UND]/&4 ,ONE ( !SE WORDS IS FRE$OM4 

,SOME ( ! EX-,DIRECTOR'S READ]S MU/ BE PUZZL$ BY HIS T]MS NEGATIVE & POSITIVE FRE$OM1 ESPECIALLY IF !Y KN[ :AT !Y MEAN4 ,NEGATIVE FRE$OM IS SAID TO BE 0FRE$OM FROM10 :]EAS POSITIVE FRE$OM IS 0A FLE%$-\T CONCEPT ( FRE$OM =40 ,BOOK*9 DOES NOT DEF9E !SE OPAQUE EXPRESSIONS1 HE SIMPLY ASSIGNS !M AS GANG COLORS4 ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*I/S 0CELEBRATE0 NEGATIVE FRE$OM -- ALSO KN[N1 9 HIS >GOT1 AS AUTONOMY -- 9 KEEP+ ) !IR B\RGEOIS 9DIVIDUALI/ LIB]AL H]ITAGE4 7,:AT HE CALLS7 ,SOCIAL ,AN>*ISM1 9 CONTRA/1 0ESP\SES A SUB/ANTIVE 'FRE$OM TO4'0 ,IT 0SEEKS TO CREATE A FREE SOCIETY1 9 :I* HUMANITY AS A :OLE -- & H5CE ! 9DIVIDUAL AS WELL -- 5JOYS ! ADVANTAGES ( FREE POLITICAL & ECONOMIC 9/ITUTIONS40.<#e#h.> ,HE BLI!LY IGNORES ! FACT ?AT LIB]AL PHILOSOPH]S ESP\S+ NEGATIVE FRE$OM -- SU* AS ! UTILIT>IANS1 ! ULTIMATE SOCIAL 5G9E]S -- HAVE ALWAYS ASSIGN$ ! HI<E/ IMPORTANCE TO DESIGN+ :AT !Y CONSID]$ FREE POLITICAL & ECONOMIC 9/ITUTIONS4.<#e#i.> 

,! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS SAYS ! ,GREEK WORD AUTONOMIA MEANS 9DEP5D5CE 7( O!R PEOPLE7 -- BUT ?IS IS ONE ( HIS MANY ETYMOLOGICAL BUMBLES4 ,! WORD MEANS SELF-GOV]NM5T1 0HAV+ ITS [N LAWS1 F4 ,A,U,T,O "4 NOMOS LAW40 ,ANO!R DICTION>Y R5D]S ! WORD AS 0POLITICAL FRE$OM10 ) A DIFF]5T ,GREEK WORD1 ELEU!RIA1 = 0FRE$OM40 ,IT IS SOME?+ COLLECTIVE4 ,YET = ! EX-,DIRECTOR1 DESPITE ITS ETYMOLOGY & DICTION>Y MEAN+1 AUTONOMY IS ! OBJECT ONLY ( NEGATIVE FRE$OM4 ,H[EV]1 AUTONOMY IS A BETT] WORD = POSITIVE ?AN = NEGATIVE FRE$OM4 ,MY READ+ IS ALSO SUPPORT$ BY ! FACT ?AT ! ANCI5T ,GREEKS1 :O CO9$ ! WORD1 HI<LY VALU$ COLLECTIVE SELF-GOV]NM5T BUT LACK$ ! V]Y CONCEPT ( 9DIVIDUAL RI<TS4.<#f.> 

,! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS HAS MADE A CATEGORY MI/AKE1 REPRES5T+ FACTS AS BELONG+ TO ONE TYPE :5 !Y BELONG TO ANO!R4.<#f#a.> ,:AT A CONCEPT ( FRE$OM MEANS & :AT K9D ( SOCIETY W\LD REALIZE IT >E QUE/IONS ( A DIFF]5T ORD]4 ,& ,BOOK*9'S P>TICUL> =MULATIONS >E ALSO EMPIRICALLY FALSE 9 OBVI\S WAYS4 ,! CELEBRATION ( 9DIVIDUAL FRE$OM IS NOT ! DEF9ITION ( ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*ISM1 = LIB]ALS & LAISSEZ-FAIRE LIB]T>IANS ALSO CELEBRATE 9DIVIDUAL FRE$OM1 BUT !Y >E NOT AN>*I/S4.<#f#b.> ,! QUE/ = A FREE SOCIETY CANNOT DEF9E ,SOCIAL ,AN>*ISM1 =1 AS ,BOOK*9 SAYS1 0MANY LIFE/YLE AN>*I/S EAG]LY PLUNGE 9TO DIRECT ACTIONS ?AT >E O/5SIBLY .<SIC.> 9T5D$ TO A*IEVE SOCIALI/IC GOALS40.<#f#c.> ,SOCIAL ,AN>*I/S MAY BE RI<T & ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*I/S MAY BE WRONG1 BUT NOT BY DEF9ITION1 ESPECIALLY 9 ! ABS5CE ( DEF9ITIONS4 

,AL?\< HE NEV] EXPLA9S :AT !SE PHRASES MEAN1 ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS F9ALLY SAYS :]E HE GOT !M3 ,SIR ,ISAIAH ,B]L9'S WELL-KN[N ESSAY 0,TWO ,CONCEPTS ( ,LIB]TY40 ,AL?\< ! DI/9CTION WAS AT ONE TIME MU* DISCUSS$ BY PHILOSOPH]S1 0IT HAS BE5 MU* CRITICIZ$10 & ! TWO CONCEPTS >E REALLY 0NOT CLE>LY DIFF]5TIAT$40 ,B]N>D ,WILLIAMS CALLS ! DI/9CTION MISLEAD+ 9 SEV]AL RESPECTS1 0ESPECIALLY IF IT IS ID5TIFI$1 AS IT IS SOMETIMES BY ,B]L9 .<& ALWAYS BY ,BOOK*9.>1 ) A DI/9CTION BETWE5 'FRE$OM FROM' & 'FRE$OM TO4'0.<#f#d.> ,G5]ALLY1 NEGATIVE FRE$OM MEANS FRE$OM FROM PREV5TION ( ACTION1 FROM 9T]F]5CE1 OR AS ,JOHN ,P4 ,CL>K SAYS1 0FRE$OM FROM CO]CION40.<#f#e.> 

,POSITIVE FRE$OM IS ! FRE$OM -- ,I ?9K 0CAPABILITY0 OR 0P[]0 IS ! BETT] WORD -- TO ACCOMPLI% ONE'S PURPOSES4 ,! READ] :O F9DS ?IS CONFUS+ OR HAIRSPLITT+ HAS MY SYMPA?Y4 ,H[ REAL IS FRE$OM ( *OICE ) NO?+ WOR? *OOS+8 ,H[ IS ! P[] TO ACT POSSIBLE )\T SOME PROTECTION FROM 9T]F]5CE8 ,NEGATIVE FRE$OM1 FRE$OM FROM 9T]F]5CE1 IS MORE IMPORTANT ?AN POSITIVE FRE$OM IF ONLY BECAUSE IT IS ! LATT]'S PRECONDITION4.<#f#f.> ,I F9D USEFUL ,G]ALD ,C4 ,MAC,CALLUM'S POPUL> PROPOSAL 0TO REG>D FRE$OM AS ALWAYS ONE & ! SAME TRIADIC RELATION1 BUT RECOGNIZE ?AT V>I\S CONT5D+ P>TIES DISAGREE ) EA* O!R 9 :AT !Y UND]/& TO BE ! RANGES ( ! T]M V>IABLES40 ,FRE$OM IS A TRIADIC RELATION%IP AMONG AN AG5T1 0'PREV5T+ CONDITIONS' .<SU*.> AS CON/RA9TS1 RE/RICTIONS1 9T]F]5CES1 & B>RI]S10 & 0ACTIONS OR CONDITIONS ( *>ACT] OR CIRCUM/ANCE40.<#f#g.> 

,:AT ,SIR ,ISAIAH DID MAKE QUITE CLE> WAS HIS JUDGM5T AS TO ! POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS ( ! TWO CONCEPTS4 ,WRIT+ DUR+ ! ,COLD ,W>1 HE WAS /RONGLY COMMITT$ TO ! ,WE/4.<#f#h.> ,NEGATIVE FRE$OM1 HE CONT5D$1 IMPLIES LIMITS ON /ATE ACTION1 BUT POSITIVE FRE$OM IS TOTALIT>IAN 9 T5D5CY4.<#f#i.> ,AT LEA/ S9CE ,R\SSEAU1 MANY !ORI/S ( POSITIVE FRE$OM HAVE1 LIKE ,BOOK*91 EQUAT$ FRE$OM ) ID5TIFICATION ) ! G5]AL WILL4 ,REAL FRE$OM CONSI/S1 NOT 9 UNCON/RA9$ 9DIVIDUAL 9DULG5CE1 BUT 9 FULFILL+ ONE'S -- ?AT IS1 EV]YONE'S -- TRUE NATURE4 ,9 ! CASE ( HUMANS1 RIS+ ABOVE !IR ANIMAL ORIG9S1 SELF-REALIZATION OCCURS 9 & ?R\< ! SOCIAL :OLE4 ,AS ,BOOK*9 HAS APPROV+LY 7BUT FALSELY7 WRITT51 0,BAKUN9 EMPHATICALLY PRIORITIZ$ ! SOCIAL OV] ! 9DIVIDUAL40.<#g.> ,IT CAN HAPP5 ?AT ! 9DIVIDUAL1 AS ,R\SSEAU PUT IT1 CAN & %\LD BE =C$ TO BE FREE4 ,I DO NOT C>E = ! PROSPECT ( SOCIETY PRIORITIZ+ ME4 

,AN>*ISM IS NO?+ IF IT DOES NOT TRANSC5D ?IS DI*OTOMY4 ,BOOK*9 HIMSELF ONCE SAID ?AT HIS IMAG9AL URBAN REVOLUTION EXPRESS$ A DEM& = BO?1 & HE AU?ORIZ$ ,JOHN ,P4 ,CL>K1 !N HIS SUBALT]N1 TO REPRES5T HIM ?AT WAY4.<#g#a.> ,NEGATIVE FRE$OM IS NOT NECESS>ILY AN>*I/ -- ,B]L9 IS NO AN>*I/ -- BUT POSITIVE FRE$OM1 ,B]L9 ?9KS1 IS NECESS>ILY AU?ORIT>IAN4 ,?IS ( C\RSE IS DIAMETRICALLY OPPOS$ TO ,BOOK*9'S USE ( ! DI/9CTION1 :I* EXPLA9S :Y ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS KEEPS ! SPECIFICS ( ,B]L9'S >GUM5T \T ( HIS [N4 ,BOOK*9 HIMSELF ADMITS ?AT HIS IS NOT ! MA9/REAM AN>*I/ POSITION3 0,ESS5TIALLY1 H[EV]1 AN>*ISM AS A :OLE ADVANC$ :AT ,ISAIAH ,B]L9 HAS CALL$ 'NEGATIVE FRE$OM1' ?AT IS TO SAY1 A =MAL 'FRE$OM FROM1' RA!R ?AN A SUB/ANTIVE FRE$OM TO40.<#g#b.> ,BUT ,B]L9 DOES NOT EQUATE NEGATIVE FRE$OM ) =MAL FRE$OM & POSITIVE FRE$OM ) SUB/ANTIVE FRE$OM4 ,?AT'S TRANSP>5TLY SLEI<T ( H&4 ,EV]YBODY WANTS SUB/ANTIVE FRE$OM4 ,! QUE/ION IS H[ TO GET IT4 

,B]L9'S [N C5SUS ( MAJOR PHILOSOPH]S ( FRE$OM %[S ?AT HIS DI/9CTION IS NO PR$ICTOR ( !IR POLITICS4 ,ADH]5TS ( NEGATIVE FRE$OM 9CLUDE ,OCCAM1 ,]ASMUS1 ,HOBBES1 ,LOCKE1 ,B5?AM1 ,CON/ANT1 ,J4,S4 ,MILL1 DE ,TOCQUEVILLE1 ,JEFF]SON1 ,BURKE1 & ,PA9E4 ,HOBBES & ,LOCKE8 ,BURKE & ,PA9E8 ,:AT USE IS A CLASSIFICATION ?AT PUTS ,PA9E ON ! SAME SIDE AS ,BURKE BUT ! OPPOSITE SIDE FROM ,R\SSEAU8 ,HAD ,R\SSEAU LIV$ TO SEE ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION1 HE1 NOT ,PA9E1 W\LD HAVE BE5 ITS GREATE/ DEF5D] AGA9/ ,BURKE1 ITS GREATE/ CRITIC4 ,!RE IS H>DLY AN ADH]5T ON ! LI/ :O DOES NOT SOMETIMES S\ND LIKE HE ESP\SES POSITIVE FRE$OM1 9CLUD+ ! >*ETYPAL PHILOSOPH] ( NEGATIVE FRE$OM1 ,LOCKE3 0,SO ?AT1 H[EV] IT MAY BE MI/AK51 ! 5D ( ,LAW IS NOT TO ABOLI% OR RE/RA91 BUT TO PRES]VE & 5L>GE ,FRE$OM40.<#g#c.> ,WILHELM VON ,HUMBOLDT ?\<T ! PURPOSE ( HUMAN LIFE IS SELF-DEVELOPM5T1 & ?AT 0SOCIAL UNION0 IS A MEANS BY :I* 9DIVIDUALS REALIZE !MSELVES & ONE ANO!R4 ,?IS S\NDS LIKE ! LANGUAGE ( POSITIVE FRE$OM ) A ,G]MAN ACC5T4 ,BUT VON ,HUMBOLDT1 LIKE HIS ADMIR] ,J4,S4 ,MILL1 HELD ?AT PROVISION ( SECURITY1 ! ONE CONDITION ( SELF-DEVELOPM5T :I* AN 9DIVIDUAL CANNOT OBTA9 BY HIS [N UNAID$ EF=TS1 IS ! ONLY PROP] /ATE FUNCTION4 ,& ,*>LES ,TAYLOR1 A PHILOSOPH] ( POSITIVE FRE$OM1 ?9KS ?AT ,MILL MAY BELONG 9 ?AT CAMP4.<#g#d.> ,I ?9K MAYBE DE ,TOCQUEVILLE DOES TOO4 

,ADH]5TS ( POSITIVE FRE$OM 9CLUDE ,PLATO1 ,EPICTETUS1 ,/4 ,AMBROSE1 ,MONTESQUIEU1 ,SP9OZA1 ,KANT1 ,H]D]1 ,R\SSEAU1 ,HEGEL1 ,FI*TE1 ,M>X1 ,BUKH>91 ,COMTE1 ,C>LYLE1 ,T4,H4 ,GRE51 ,F4,H4 ,BRADLEY1 & ,BOSANQUET4 ,PLATO1 = EXAMPLE1 IS REPRES5TATIVE ( ! ANCI5T ,GREEK 0'POSITIVE' CONCEPTION ( FRE$OM AS OB$I5CE TO RI<T AU?ORITY40.<#g#e.> ,H]E AGA91 ! ATTRIBUTION FALT]S :5EV] LOOK$ 9TO CLOSELY4 ,AS ,LOCKE IS ! ULTIMATE NEGATIVE FRE$OMSEEK]1 ,KANT IS ! ULTIMATE POSITIVE FRE$OMSEEK]1 & ,KANT MAKES ! NEGATIVE_/POSITIVE DI/9CTION EXPLICITLY4 ,BUT ,JOHN ,RAWLS1 :O ALSO RECOGNIZES ! DI/9CTION & ID5TIFIES HIS PHILOSOPHY AS 9 ! ,KANTIAN TRADITION1 SUBORD9ATES POSITIVE FRE$OM TO NEGATIVE FRE$OM4 ,IMPLICITLY1 SO DOES ! ,KANTIAN AN>*I/ ,ROB]T ,PAUL ,WOLFF4.<#g#f.> 

,ALMO/ ANY AN>*I/ CAN BE QUOT$ AS /RADDL+ ?IS UNBRIDGEABLE *ASM4 ,! AN>*I/ PHILOSOPHY1 9 FACT1 %[S UP ! 9ADEQUACY ( ! DI/9CTION4 ,BOOK*9 HAS ACCUS$ ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*I/S ( P]PETUAT+ ! P]NICI\S ,G]MAN PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITION :I* L$ FROM ,FI*TE & ,KANT ?R\< ,/IRN] TO ,HEIDEGG] & ,HITL]4.<#g#g.> 7,/IRN] IS MALICI\SLY MISPLAC$ 9 ?IS ,BLOC ( ,RI<TS & ,TROTSKYI/S1 S9CE HE WAS 9FLU5C$ BY ,HEGEL1 NOT ,KANT1 & 9FLU5C$ NEI!R ,HEIDEGG] NOR ,HITL]47 ,= BLATANTLY SELF-S]V+ REASONS ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS OMITS ,HEGEL1 ,M>X1 ,5GELS1 ,LASSALLE1 ,KAUTSKY1 ,L591 ,TROTSKY1 ,/AL91 & ,MAO4 ,NOR DOES ,BOOK*9 REM9D ! READ] ( HIS [N E>LI] ADMIRATION = 0,FI*TE'S /IRR+ PROSE10.<#g#h.> MU* LESS HIS CURR5T CLAIM ?AT ,FI*TE 0ESS5TIALLY WROTE ?AT HUMAN BE+S >E NATURE R5D]$ SELF-CONSCI\S10 AS ,BOOK*9 ALSO CONT5DS4.<#g#i.> ,ALL !SE G5TLEM5 ADH]$ TO ! POSITIVE CONCEPT ( FRE$OM4 ,AL?\<1 AS IS OBVI\S FROM ! LI/S1 ADH]5TS ( EA* VIEW >E ALL OV] ! POLITICAL MAP1 !RE IS SOME P]CEPTIBLE T5D5CY = ADH]5TS ( POSITIVE FRE$OM NOT TO BE ADH]5TS ( FRE$OM AT ALL4.<#h.> ,?US ! ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS HAS F\ND HIS PLACE4 

,= ,BOOK*91 ( ALL ! MALIGNANT 9FLU5CES ON ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*ISM1 ,MAX ,/IRN] SEEMS TO BE ! WOR/4 ,SPUTT]+ ) HORROR1 HE CANNOT MORE VEHEM5TLY EXPRESS ! DEG5]ACY ( ,HAKIM 0,! ,BEY0 ?AN BY EJACULAT+ ?AT 0,HAKIM ,BEY EV5 9VOKES ,MAX ,/IRN]1 :O BELIEV$ ?AT ! CONC]NS ( ! EGO -- ! ',I' -- %\LD BE ! GUIDE ( ALL HUMAN ACTION40 7,AL?\< ! EX-,DIRECTOR =M]LY WROTE ?AT1 09 PR9CIPLE .<SIC.>1 ,/IRN] CREAT$ A UTOPI/IC .<SIC.> VISION ( 9DIVIDUALITY ?AT M>K$ A NEW PO9T ( DEP>TURE = ! AFFIRMATION ( P]SONALITY 9 AN 9CREAS+LY IMP]SONAL WORLD470.<#h#a.> ,/IRN] ) HIS 9DIVIDUALI/1 SURRATIONAL1 AMORAL EGOISM EPITOMIZES MORE ( :AT ,BOOK*9 LOA!S ?AN ANY O!R CLASSICAL AN>*I/ ?9K]4 ,9 #a#i#g#f1 ! ,DIRECTOR'S DISCIPLE ,JOHN ,P4 ,CL>K DEVOT$ AN 5TIRE BOOK1 P]HAPS ON HIS ORD]S1 TO REFUT+ ,/IRN]'S H]ESIES1 :I* HAD NOT RECEIV$ SO MU* HO/ILE ATT5TION S9CE ,M>X & ,5GELS WROTE ,! ,G]MAN ,IDEOLOGY #ac YE>S BE=E4 ,/IRN]1 !N1 %\LD BE AN EXPON5T1 MAYBE ! ULTIMATE EXPON5T1 ( NEGATIVE FRE$OM4 

,9/EAD1 HE IS ! ULTIMATE EXPON5T ( POSITIVE FRE$OM3 0,:O IS IT ?AT IS TO BECOME FREE8 ,Y\1 ,I1 WE4 ,I1 !RE=E1 AM ! K]NEL ?AT IS TO BE DELIV]$ FROM ALL WRAPP+S & -- FRE$ FROM ALL CRAMP+ %ELLS4 ,:AT IS LEFT :5 ,I HAVE BE5 FRE$ FROM EV]Y?+ ?AT IS NOT ,I8 ,ONLY ,I2 NO?+ BUT ,I4 ,BUT FRE$OM HAS NO?+ FUR!R TO (F] TO ?IS ,I HIMSELF4 ,AS TO :AT IS N[ TO HAPP5 FUR!R AFT] ,I HAVE BECOME FREE1 FRE$OM IS SIL5T -- AS \R GOV]NM5TS1 :5 ! PRISON]'S TIME IS UP1 M]ELY LET HIM GO1 ?RU/+ HIM \T 9TO AB&ONM5T40.<#h#b.> ,= ,/IRN] AS = ,BOOK*91 NEGATIVE FRE$OM IS 9SUFFICI5T AT BE/1 A =MALI/IC MOCK]Y AT WOR/4.<#h#c.> ,:AT ,BOOK*9 CALLS POSITIVE FRE$OM1 ,/IRN] CALLS 0[NNESS0 7DIE ,EIG5HEIT73 0,I HAVE NO OBJECTION TO .<NEGATIVE.> FRE$OM1 BUT ,I WI% MORE ?AN FRE$OM = Y\3 Y\ %\LD NOT M]ELY BE RID ( :AT Y\ DO NOT WANT2 Y\ %\LD NOT ONLY BE A 'FREEMAN1' Y\ %\LD BE AN '[N] .<,EIGN].>' TOO40.<#h#d.> 

,EV5 IF IT HAS SOME UTILITY 9 O!R CONTEXTS1 ! DI/9CTION BETWE5 POSITIVE & NEGATIVE FRE$OM DOES NO?+ TO DIFF]5TIATE ,SOCIAL ,AN>*ISM FROM ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*ISM1 OR EV5 TO *>ACT]IZE AN>*ISM AS SU*4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 AS ,CL>K SAYS1 0AN>*ISM IS ! ONE MAJOR POLITICAL !ORY :I* HAS ATTEMPT$ TO SYN!SIZE ! VALUES ( NEGATIVE & POSITIVE FRE$OM 9TO A S+LE1 MORE COMPREH5SIVE VIEW ( HUMAN LIB]TY40.<#h#e.> ,BAKUN9 DID NOT PRIORITIZE SOCIETY OV] ! 9DIVIDUAL3 0,MAN IS NOT ONLY ! MO/ 9DIVIDUAL BE+ ON E>?10 HE WROTE1 0BUT ALSO ! MO/ SOCIAL40 ,9 FACT1 ,BAKUN9 NE>LY ANTICIPAT$ ,B]L9'S TWO CONCEPTS ( LIB]TY & EV5 HIS T]M9OLOGY4 0,WE SEE ?AT LIB]TY AS CONCEIV$ BY ! MAT]IALI/S .<AS HE !N DEF9$ HIMSELF.> IS V]Y POSITIVE1 COMPLEX &1 ABOVE ALL1 AN EM95TLY SOCIAL MATT]1 :I* CAN ONLY BE REALIZ$ BY MEANS ( SOCIETY & ?R\< ! /RICTE/ EQUALITY & SOLID>ITY ( EA* & EV]YBODY444 ,! SECOND ASPECT ( LIB]TY IS NEGATIVE4 ,IT CONSI/S 9 ! REBELLION ( ! HUMAN 9DIVIDUAL AGA9/ ALL AU?ORITY1 :E!R DIV9E OR HUMAN1 COLLECTIVE OR 9DIVIDUAL40.<#h#f.> ,BOOK*9 HAS NEV] DEMON/RAT$ ?AT ANY ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*I/ ESP\SES NEGATIVE FRE$OM TO ! EXCLUSION ( POSITIVE FRE$OM4 ,9 FACT1 HE HAS NEV] DEMON/RAT$ ?AT ANY ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*I/ ESP\SES NEGATIVE FRE$OM4 ,HE MISAPPROPRIATES ! DI/9CTION TO TRY TO 9FUSE SOME CONT5T 9TO HIS [N 9COH]5T DI*OTOMY BETWE5 ,SOCIAL ,AN>*ISM & ,LIFE/YLE ,AN>*ISM1 BUT ! 9FUSION DOES NOT RELIEVE ! CONFUSION4 ,! SEMI-LIT]ATE ,DIRECTOR ,EM]ITUS IS1 AS SO (T51 %[+ (F BY PRET5D+ TO BE SM>T] ?AN HE REALLY IS4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #bi 3 ,*APT] #c -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,APRIL #a#h1 #bb 3 ,*APT] #c -- ,ADD$4 

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