,*APT] #a 
,QUE/IONS & ,ANSW]S 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 

,TEXT 3 

      ,X4 ,QUE/IONS & ,ANSW]S 
     
     

      0,WELL10 SAID ! OLD MAN1 %IFT+ 9 HIS *AIR1 0Y\ MU/ GET ON ) Y\R 
      QUE/IONS1 ,GUE/2 ,I HAVE BE5 SOME TIME ANSW]+ ?IS FIR/ ONE40 
     
     

      ,SAID ,I3 0,I WANT AN EXTRA WORD OR TWO AB\T Y\R IDEAS ( $UCATION2 AL?\< ,I 
      GA!R$ FROM ,DICK ?AT Y\ LET Y\R *ILDR5 RUN WILD & DIDN'T TEA* !M 
      ANY?+2 & 9 %ORT1 ?AT Y\ HAVE SO REF9$ Y\R $UCATION1 ?AT N[ Y\ HAVE 
      NONE40 
     
     

      0,!N Y\ GA!R$ LEFT-H&$10 QUO? HE40 ,BUT ( C\RSE ,I UND]/& Y\R PO9T 
      ( VIEW AB\T $UCATION1 :I* IS ?AT ( TIMES PA/1 :5 '! /RUGGLE = LIFE1' 
      AS M5 US$ TO PHRASE IT 7I4E41 ! /RUGGLE = A SLAVE'S RATIONS ON ONE 
      SIDE1 & = A B\NC+ %>E ( ! SLAVE-HOLD]S' PRIVILEGE ON ! O!R71 
      P9*$ '$UCATION' = MO/ PEOPLE 9TO A NIGG>DLY DOLE ( NOT V]Y ACCURATE 
      9=MATION2 SOME?+ TO BE SWALL[$ BY ! BEG9N] 9 ! >T ( LIV+ :E!R 
      HE LIK$ IT OR NOT1 & WAS HUNGRY = IT OR NOT3 & :I* HAD BE5 *EW$ & 
      DIGE/$ OV] & OV] AGA9 BY PEOPLE :O DIDN'T C>E AB\T IT 9 ORD] TO S]VE 
      IT \T TO O!R PEOPLE :O DIDN'T C>E AB\T IT40 
     
     

      ,I /OPP$ ! OLD MAN'S RIS+ WRA? BY A LAU<1 & SAID3 0,WELL1 Y\ W]E 
      NOT TAU<T ?AT WAY1 AT ANY RATE1 SO Y\ MAY LET Y\R ANG] RUN (F Y\ A LITTLE40 
     
     

      0,TRUE1 TRUE10 SAID HE SMIL+4 0,I ?ANK Y\ = CORRECT+ MY ILL TEMP]3 ,I ALWAYS 
      FANCY MYSELF AS LIV+ 9 ANY P]IOD ( :I* WE MAY BE SPEAK+4 ,BUT1 H[EV]1 TO 
      PUT IT 9 A COOL] WAY3 Y\ EXPECT$ TO SEE *ILDR5 ?RU/ 9TO S*OOLS :5 !Y 
      HAD REA*$ AN AGE CONV5TIONALLY SUPPOS$ TO BE ! DUE AGE1 :ATEV] !IR 
      V>Y+ FACULTIES & DISPOSITIONS MI<T BE1 & :5 !RE1 ) LIKE DISREG>D TO 
      FACTS1 TO BE SUBJECT$ TO A C]TA9 CONV5TIONAL C\RSE ( 'LE>N+'4 ,MY FRI5D1 
      CAN'T Y\ SEE ?AT SU* A PROCE$+ MEANS IGNOR+ ! FACT ( GR[?1 
      BODILY & M5TAL8 ,NO ONE C\LD COME \T ( SU* A MILL UN9JUR$2 & ?OSE ONLY 
      W\LD AVOID BE+ CRU%$ BY IT :O W\LD HAVE ! SPIRIT ( REBELLION /RONG 9 
      !M4 ,=TUNATELY MO/ *ILDR5 HAVE HAD ?AT AT ALL TIMES1 OR ,I DO NOT KN[ ?AT 
      WE %\LD EV] HAVE REA*$ \R PRES5T POSITION4 ,N[ Y\ SEE :AT IT ALL COMES TO4 
      ,9 ! OLD TIMES ALL ?IS WAS ! RESULT ( POV]TY4 ,9 ! N9ETE5? 
      C5TURY1 SOCIETY WAS SO MIS]ABLY POOR1 [+ TO ! SY/EMIZ$ ROBB]Y ON :I* 
      IT WAS F\ND$ ?AT REAL $UCATION WAS IMPOSSIBLE = ANYBODY4 ,! :OLE !ORY ( 
      !IR SO CALL$ $UCATION WAS ?AT IT WAS NECESS>Y TO %OVE A LITTLE 9=MATION 
      9TO A *ILD1 EV5 IF IT W]E BY MEANS ( TORTURE1 & ACCOMPANI$ BY TWADDLE :I* 
      IT WAS WELL KN[N WAS ( NO USE1 OR ELSE HE W\LD LACK 9=MATION LIFELONG3 ! 
      HURRY ( POV]TY =BADE ANY?+ ELSE4 ,ALL ?AT IS PA/2 WE >E NO LONG] HURRI$1 
      & ! 9=MATION LIES READY TO EA* ONE'S H& :5 HIS [N 9CL9ATIONS IMPEL 
      HIM TO SEEK IT4 ,9 ?IS AS 9 O!R MATT]S WE HAVE BECOME WEAL?Y3 WE CAN AF=D 
      TO GIVE \RSELVES TIME TO GR[40 
     
     

      0,YES10 SAID ,I1 0BUT SUPPOSE ! *ILD1 Y\?1 MAN1 NEV] WANTS ! 9=MATION1 
      NEV] GR[S 9 ! DIRECTION Y\ MI<T HOPE HIM TO DO3 SUPPOSE1 = 9/ANCE1 HE 
      OBJECTS TO LE>N+ >I?METIC OR MA!MATICS2 Y\ CAN'T =CE HIM :5 HE 
      IS GR[N2 CAN'T Y\ =CE HIM :ILE HE IS GR[+1 & \<TN'T Y\ TO DO 
      SO80 
     
     

      0,WELL10 SAID HE1 0W]E Y\ =C$ TO LE>N >I?METIC & MA!MATICS80 
     
     

      0,A LITTLE10 SAID ,I4 
     
     

      0,& H[ OLD >E Y\ N[80 
     
     

      0,SAY FIFTY-SIX10 SAID ,I4 
     
     

      0,& H[ MU* >I?METIC & MA!MATICS DO Y\ KN[ N[80 QUO? ! OLD MAN1 
      SMIL+ RA!R MOCK+LY4 
     
     

      ,SAID ,I3 0,NONE :ATEV]1 ,I AM SORRY TO SAY40 
     
     

      ,HAMMOND LAU<$ QUIETLY1 BUT MADE NO O!R COMM5T ON MY ADMISSION1 & ,I DROPP$ 
      ! SUBJECT ( $UCATION1 P]CEIV+ HIM TO BE HOPELESS ON ?AT SIDE4 
     
     

      ,I ?\<T A LITTLE1 & SAID3 0,Y\ W]E SPEAK+ JU/ N[ ( H\SEHOLDS3 ?AT 
      S\ND$ TO ME A LITTLE LIKE ! CU/OMS ( PA/ TIMES2 ,I %\LD HAVE ?\<T Y\ 
      W\LD HAVE LIV$ MORE 9 PUBLIC40 
     
     

      0,PHALANG/]IES1 EH80 SAID HE4 0,WELL1 WE LIVE AS WE LIKE1 & WE LIKE TO LIVE AS A 
      RULE ) C]TA9 H\SE-MATES ?AT WE HAVE GOT US$ TO4 ,REMEMB]1 AGA91 ?AT 
      POV]TY IS EXT9CT1 & ?AT ! ,F\RI]I/ PHALANG/]IES & ALL !IR K9D1 AS 
      WAS BUT NATURAL AT ! TIME1 IMPLI$ NO?+ BUT A REFUGE FROM M]E DE/ITUTION4 
      ,SU* A WAY ( LIFE AS ?AT1 C\LD ONLY HAVE BE5 CONCEIV$ ( BY PEOPLE SURR\ND$ 
      BY ! WOR/ =M ( POV]TY4 ,BUT Y\ MU/ UND]/& !RE)1 ?AT ?\< 
      SEP>ATE H\SEHOLDS >E ! RULE AMONG US1 & ?\< !Y DIFF] 9 !IR HABITS 
      MORE OR LESS1 YET NO DOOR IS %UT TO ANY GOOD-TEMP]$ P]SON :O IS CONT5T TO 
      LIVE AS ! O!R H\SE-MATES DO3 ONLY ( C\RSE IT W\LD BE UNREASONABLE = ONE 
      MAN TO DROP 9TO A H\SE-HOLD & BID ! FOLK ( IT TO ALT] !IR HABITS TO 
      PLEASE HIM1 S9CE HE CAN GO ELSE:]E & LIVE AS HE PLEASES4 ,H[EV]1 ,I NE$ NOT 
      SAY MU* AB\T ALL ?IS AS Y\ >E GO+ UP ! RIV] ) ,DICK1 & WILL F9D \T 
      = Y\RSELF BY EXP]I5CE H[ !SE MATT]S >E MANAG$40 
     
     

      ,AFT] A PAUSE1 ,I SAID3 0,Y\R BIG T[NS1 N[2 H[ AB\T !M8 ,LONDON1 :I* - :I* 
      ,I HAVE READ AB\T AS ! MOD]N ,BABYLON ( CIVILIZATION1 SEEMS TO HAVE 
      DISAPPE>$40 
     
     

      0,WELL1 WELL10 SAID OLD ,HAMMOND1 0P]HAPS AFT] ALL IT IS MORE LIKE ANCI5T ,BABYLON 
      N[ ?AN ! 'MOD]N ,BABYLON' ( ! N9ETE5? C5TURY WAS4 ,BUT LET ?AT PASS4 
      ,AFT] ALL1 !RE IS A GOOD DEAL ( POPULATION 9 PLACES BETWE5 H]E & 
      ,HAMM]SMI?2 NOR HAVE Y\ SE5 ! MO/ POPUL\S P>T ( ! T[N YET40 
     
     

      0,TELL ME1 !N10 SAID ,I1 0H[ IS IT T[>DS ! EA/80 
     
     

      ,SAID HE3 0,TIME WAS :5 IF Y\ M\NT$ A GOOD HORSE & RODE /RAI<T AWAY FROM MY 
      DOOR H]E AT A R\ND TROT = AN H\R & A HALF1 Y\ W\LD /ILL BE 9 ! ?ICK 
      ( ,LONDON1 & ! GREAT] P>T ( ?AT W\LD BE 'SLUMS'1 AS !Y W]E CALL$2 ?AT 
      IS TO SAY1 PLACES ( TORTURE = 9NOC5T M5 & WOM52 OR WORSE1 /EWS = 
      RE>+ & BRE$+ M5 & WOM5 9 SU* DEGRADATION ?AT ?AT TORTURE %\LD 
      SEEM TO !M M]E ORD9>Y & NATURAL LIFE40 
     
     

      0,I KN[1 ,I KN[10 ,I SAID1 RA!R IMPATI5TLY1 0,?AT WAS :AT WAS2 TELL ME SOME?+ 
      ( :AT IS4 ,IS !RE ANY ( ?AT LEFT80 
     
     

      0,NOT AN 9*10 SAID HE2 0BUT SOME MEMORY ( IT ABIDES ) US1 & ,I AM GLAD ( IT4 
      ,ONCE A YE>1 ON ,MAY-DAY1 WE HOLD A SOLEMN FEA/ 9 ?OSE EA/]LY COMMUNES ( 
      ,LONDON TO COMMEMORATE ,! ,CLE>+ ( ,MIS]Y1 AS IT IS CALL$4 ,ON ?AT DAY WE HAVE 
      MUSIC & DANC+1 & M]RY GAMES & HAPPY FEA/+ ON ! SITE ( SOME ( ! 
      WOR/ ( ! OLD SLUMS1 ! TRADITIONAL MEMORY ( :I* WE HAVE KEPT4 ,ON ?AT 
      OCCASION ! CU/OM IS = ! PRETTIE/ GIRLS TO S+ SOME ( ! OLD 
      REVOLUTION>Y SONGS1 & ?OSE :I* W]E ! GROANS ( ! DISCONT5T1 ONCE SO 
      HOPELESS1 ON ! V]Y SPOTS :]E ?OSE T]RIBLE CRIMES ( CLASS-MURD] W]E 
      COMMITT$ DAY BY DAY = SO MANY YE>S4 ,TO A MAN LIKE ME1 :O HAVE /UDI$ ! PA/ 
      SO DILIG5TLY1 IT IS A CURI\S & T\*+ SI<T TO SEE SOME BEAUTIFUL GIRL1 
      DA9TILY CLAD1 & CR[N$ ) FL[]S FROM ! NEI<BOR+ MEAD[S /&+ 
      AMONG ! HAPPY PEOPLE1 ON SOME M\ND :]E ( OLD TIME /OOD ! WRET*$ 
      APOLOGY = A H\SE1 A D5 9 :I* M5 & WOM5 LIV$ PACK$ AMONG ! FIL? 
      LIKE PIL*>DS 9 A CASK2 LIV$ 9 SU* A WAY ?AT !Y C\LD ONLY HAVE 5DUR$ IT1 
      AS ,I SAID JU/ N[1 BY BE+ DEGRAD$ \T ( HUMANITY - TO HE> ! T]RIBLE WORDS 
      ( ?REAT5+ & LAM5TATION COM+ FROM H] SWEET & BEAUTIFUL LIPS1 & %E 
      UNCONSCI\S ( !IR REAL MEAN+3 TO HE> H]1 = 9/ANCE1 S++ ,HOOD'S ,SONG 
      ( ! ,%IRT1 & TO ?9K ?AT ALL ! TIME %E DOES NOT UND]/& :AT IT IS ALL 
      AB\T - A TRAG$Y GR[N 9CONCEIVABLE TO H] & H] LI/5]S4 ,?9K ( ?AT1 IF 
      Y\ CAN1 & ( H[ GLORI\S LIFE IS GR[N60 
     
     

      0,9DE$10 SAID ,I1 0IT IS DIFFICULT = ME TO ?9K ( IT40 
     
     

      ,& ,I SAT WAT*+ H[ HIS EYES GLITT]$1 & H[ ! FRE% LIFE SEEM$ TO GL[ 9 
      HIS FACE1 & ,I WOND]$ H[ AT HIS AGE HE %\LD ?9K ( ! HAPP9ESS ( ! 
      WORLD1 OR 9DE$ ANY?+ BUT HIS COM+ TO D9N]4 
     
     

      0,TELL ME 9 DETAIL10 SAID ,I1 0:AT LIES EA/ ( ,BLOOMSBURY N[80 
     
     

      ,SAID HE3 0,!RE >E BUT FEW H\SES BETWE5 ?IS & ! \T] P>T ( ! OLD CITY2 
      BUT 9 ! CITY WE HAVE A ?ICKLY-DWELL+ POPULATION4 ,\R =EFA!RS1 9 ! 
      FIR/ CLE>+ ( ! SLUMS1 W]E NOT 9 A HURRY TO PULL D[N ! H\SES 9 :AT 
      WAS CALL$ AT ! 5D ( ! N9ETE5? C5TURY ! BUS9ESS QU>T] ( T[N1 & 
      :AT LAT] GOT TO BE KN[N AS ! ,SW9DL+ ,K5S4 ,Y\ SEE1 !SE H\SES1 ?\< 
      !Y /OOD HIDE\SLY ?ICK ON ! GR\ND1 W]E ROOMY & FAIRLY SOLID 9 BUILD+1 
      & CLEAN1 BECAUSE !Y W]E NOT US$ = LIV+ 91 BUT AS M]E GAMBL+ BOO?S2 
      SO ! POOR PEOPLE FROM ! CLE>$ SLUMS TOOK !M = LODG+S & DWELT !RE1 
      TILL ! FOLK ( ?OSE DAYS HAD TIME TO ?9K ( SOME?+ BETT] = !M2 SO ! 
      BUILD+S W]E PULL$ D[N SO GRADUALLY ?AT PEOPLE GOT US$ TO LIV+ ?ICK] ON 
      ! GR\ND !RE ?AN 9 MO/ PLACES2 !RE=E IT REMA9S ! MO/ POPUL\S P>T 
      ( ,LONDON1 OR P]HAPS ( ALL !SE ISL&S4 ,BUT IT IS V]Y PLEASANT !RE1 P>TLY 
      BECAUSE ( ! SPL5DOR ( ! >*ITECTURE1 :I* GOES FUR!R ?AN :AT Y\ WILL 
      SEE ELSE:]E4 ,H[EV]1 ?IS CR[D+1 IF IT MAY BE CALL$ SO1 DOES NOT GO FUR!R 
      ?AN A /REET CALL$ ,ALDGATE1 A NAME ?AT P]HAPS Y\ MAY HAVE HE>D (4 ,BEYOND 
      ?AT ! H\SES >E SCATT]$ WIDE AB\T ! MEAD[S !RE1 :I* >E V]Y 
      BEAUTIFUL1 ESPECIALLY :5 Y\ GET ON TO ! LOVELY RIV] ,LEA 7:]E OLD ,ISAAK 
      ,WALTON US$ TO FI%1 Y\ KN[7 AB\T ! PLACES CALL$ ,/RAT=D & ,OLD ,=D1 
      NAMES :I* ( C\RSE Y\ WILL NOT HAVE HE>D (1 ?\< ! ,ROMANS W]E BUSY !RE 
      ONCE UPON A TIME40 
     
     

      ,NOT HE>D ( !M6 ?\<T ,I TO MYSELF4 ,H[ /RANGE6 ?AT ,I :O HAD SE5 ! V]Y 
      LA/ REMNANT ( ! PLEASANTNESS ( ! MEAD[S BY ! ,LEA DE/ROY$1 %\LD HAVE 
      HE>D !M SPOK5 ( ) PLEASANTNESS COME BACK TO !M 9 FULL MEASURE4 
     
     

      ,HAMMOND W5T ON3 0,:5 Y\ GET D[N TO ! ,?AMES SIDE Y\ COME ON ! ,DOCKS1 :I* 
      >E WORKS ( ! N9ETE5? C5TURY1 & >E /ILL 9 USE1 AL?\< NOT SO ?RONG$ 
      AS !Y ONCE W]E1 S9CE WE DISC\RAGE C5TRALIZATION ALL WE CAN1 & WE HAVE LONG 
      AGO DROPP$ ! PRET5SION TO BE ! M>KET ( ! WORLD4 ,AB\T !SE ,DOCKS >E A 
      GOOD FEW H\SES1 :I*1 H[EV]1 >E NOT 9HABIT$ BY MANY PEOPLE P]MAN5TLY2 ,I 
      MEAN1 ?OSE :O USE !M COME & GO A GOOD DEAL1 ! PLACE BE+ TOO L[ & 
      M>%Y = PLEASANT DWELL+4 ,PA/ ! ,DOCKS EA/W>D & L&W>D IT IS ALL FLAT 
      PA/URE1 ONCE M>%1 EXCEPT = A FEW G>D5S1 & !RE >E V]Y FEW P]MAN5T 
      DWELL+S !RE3 SC>CELY ANY?+ BUT A FEW %$S1 & COTS = ! M5 :O COME 
      TO LOOK AFT] ! GREAT H]DS ( CATTLE PA/UR+ !RE4 ,BUT H[EV]1 :AT ) ! 
      BEA/S & ! M51 & ! SCATT]$ R$-TIL$ RO(S & ! BIG HAYRICKS1 IT DOES 
      NOT MAKE A BAD HOLIDAY TO GET A QUIET PONY & RIDE AB\T !RE ON A SUNNY 
      AFT]NOON ( AUTUMN1 & LOOK OV] ! RIV] & ! CRAFT PASS+ UP & D[N1 & 
      ON TO ,%OOT] S' ,HILL & ! ,K5TI% UPL&S1 & !N TURN R\ND TO ! WIDE 
      GRE5 SEA ( ! ,ESSEX M>%L&1 ) ! GREAT DOM$ L9E ( ! SKY1 & ! SUN 
      %9+ D[N 9 ONE FLOOD ( PEACEFUL LI<T OV] ! LONG DI/ANCE4 ,!RE IS A 
      PLACE CALL$ ,CANN+'S ,T[N1 & FUR!R \T1 ,SILV]T[N1 :]E ! PLEASANT 
      MEAD[S >E AT !IR PLEASANTE/3 D\BTLESS !Y W]E ONCE SLUMS1 & WRET*$ 
      5\<40 
     
     

      ,! NAMES GRAT$ ON MY E>1 BUT ,I C\LD NOT EXPLA9 :Y TO HIM4 ,SO ,I SAID3 0,& 
      S\? ( ! RIV]1 :AT IS IT LIKE80 
     
     

      ,HE SAID3 0,Y\ W\LD F9D IT MU* ! SAME AS ! L& AB\T ,HAMM]SMI?4 ,NOR?1 
      AGA91 ! L& RUNS UP HI<1 & !RE IS AN AGREEABLE & WELL-BUILT T[N CALL$ 
      ,HAMP/EAD1 :I* FITLY 5DS ,LONDON ON ?AT SIDE4 ,IT LOOKS D[N ON ! NOR?-WE/]N 
      5D ( ! =E/ Y\ PASS$ ?R\<40 
     
     

      ,I SMIL$4 0,SO MU* = :AT WAS ONCE ,LONDON10 SAID ,I4 0,N[ TELL ME AB\T ! O!R 
      T[NS ( ! C\NTRY40 
     
     

      ,HE SAID3 0,AS TO ! BIG MURKY PLACES :I* W]E ONCE1 AS WE KN[1 ! 
     
     

      C5T]S ( MANUFACTURE1 !Y HAVE1 LIKE ! BRICK & MORT> DES]T ( ,LONDON1 
      DISAPPE>$2 ONLY1 S9CE !Y W]E ! C5T]S ( NO?+ BUT 'MANUFACTURE'1 & 
      S]V$ NO PURPOSE BUT ?AT ( ! GAMBL+ M>KET1 !Y HAVE LEFT LESS SIGNS ( 
      !IR EXI/5CE ?AN ,LONDON4 ,( C\RSE1 ! GREAT *ANGE 9 ! USE ( ME*ANICAL 
      =CE MADE ?IS AN EASY MATT]1 & SOME APPROA* TO !IR BREAKUP AS C5T]S 
      W\LD PROBABLY HAVE TAK5 PLACE1 EV5 IF WE HAD NOT *ANG$ \R HABITS SO MU*3 BUT 
      !Y BE+ SU* AS !Y W]E1 NO SACRIFICE W\LD HAVE SEEM$ TOO GREAT A PRICE TO 
      PAY = GETT+ RID ( ! 'MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICTS'1 AS !Y US$ TO BE CALL$4 
      ,= ! RE/1 :ATEV] COAL OR M9]AL WE NE$ IS BR\<T TO GRASS & S5T :I!R 
      IT IS NE$$ ) AS LITTLE AS POSSIBLE ( DIRT1 CONFUSION1 & ! DI/RESS+ ( 
      QUIET PEOPLE'S LIVES4 ,ONE IS TEMPT$ TO BELIEVE FROM :AT ONE HAS READ ( ! 
      CONDITION ( ?OSE DI/RICTS 9 ! N9ETE5? C5TURY1 ?AT ?OSE :O HAD !M 
      UND] !IR P[] WORRI$1 BEF\L$1 & DEGRAD$ M5 \T ( MALICE PREP5SE3 BUT 
      IT WAS NOT SO2 LIKE ! MIS$UCATION ( :I* WE W]E TALK+ JU/ N[1 IT CAME ( 
      !IR DREADFUL POV]TY4 ,!Y W]E OBLIG$ TO PUT UP ) EV]Y?+1 & EV5 
      PRET5D ?AT !Y LIK$ IT2 :]EAS WE CAN N[ DEAL ) ?+S REASONABLE1 & 
      REFUSE TO BE SADDL$ ) :AT WE DO NOT WANT40 
     
     

      ,I CONFESS ,I WAS NOT SORRY TO CUT %ORT ) A QUE/ION HIS GLORIFICATIONS ( ! 
      AGE HE LIV$ 94 ,SAID ,I3 0,H[ AB\T ! SMALL] T[NS8 ,I SUPPOSE Y\ HAVE SWEPT 
      ?OSE AWAY 5TIRELY80 
     
     

      0,NO1 NO10 SAID HE1 0IT HASN'T GONE ?AT WAY4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 !RE HAS BE5 BUT 
      LITTLE CLE>ANCE1 ?\< MU* REBUILD+ 9 ! SMALL] T[NS4 ,!IR SUBURBS1 
      9DE$1 :5 !Y HAD ANY1 HAVE MELT$ AWAY 9TO ! G5]AL C\NTRY1 & SPACE & 
      ELB[-ROOM HAS BE5 GOT 9 !IR C5T]S3 BUT !RE >E ! T[NS /ILL ) !IR 
      /REETS & SQU>ES ! M>KET-PLACES2 SO ?AT IT IS BY MEANS ( !SE SMALL] 
      T[NS ?AT WE ( TO-DAY CAN GET SOME K9D ( IDEA ( :AT ! T[NS ( ! OLD] 
      WORLD W]E LIKE2 - ,I MEAN TO SAY AT !IR BE/40 
     
     

      0,TAKE ,OX=D1 = 9/ANCE10 SAID ,I4 
     
     

      0,YES10 SAID HE1 0,I SUPPOSE ,OX=D WAS BEAUTIFUL EV5 9 ! N9ETE5? C5TURY4 ,AT 
      PRES5T IT HAS ! GREAT 9T]E/ ( /ILL PRES]V+ A GREAT MASS ( 
      PRE-COMM]CIAL BUILD+1 & IS A V]Y BEAUTIFUL PLACE1 YET !RE >E MANY T[NS 
      :I* HAVE BECOME SC>CELY LESS BEAUTIFUL40 ,SAID ,I3 0,9 PASS+1 MAY ,I ASK IF IT IS 
      /ILL A PLACE ( LE>N+80 
     
     

      0,/ILL80 SAID HE1 SMIL+4 0,WELL1 IT HAS REV]T$ TO SOME ( ITS BE/ TRADITIONS2 
      SO Y\ MAY IMAG9E H[ F> IT IS FROM ITS N9ETE5?-C5TURY POSITION4 ,IT IS REAL 
      LE>N+1 KN[L$GE CULTIVAT$ = ITS [N SAKE - ! ,>T ( ,KN[L$GE1 9 %ORT - 
      :I* IS FOLL[$ !RE1 NOT ! ,COMM]CIAL LE>N+ ( ! PA/4 ,?\< P]HAPS 
      Y\ DO NOT KN[ ?AT 9 ! N9ETE5? C5TURY ,OX=D & ITS LESS 9T]E/+ 
      SI/] ,CAMBRIDGE BECAME DEF9ITELY COMM]CIAL4 ,!Y 7& ESPECIALLY ,OX=D7 W]E 
      ! BRE$+ PLACES ( A PECULI> CLASS ( P>ASITES1 :O CALL$ !MSELVES 
      CULTIVAT$ PEOPLE2 !Y W]E 9DE$ CYNICAL 5\<1 AS ! SO-CALL$ $UCAT$ 
      CLASSES ( ! DAY G5]ALLY W]E2 BUT !Y AFFECT$ AN EXAGG]ATION ( CYNICISM 9 
      ORD] ?AT !Y MI<T BE ?\<T KN[+ & WORLDLY-WISE4 ,! RI* MIDDLE CLASSES 
      7!Y HAD NO RELATION ) ! WORK+-CLASSES7 TREAT$ !M ) ! K9D ( 
      CONTEMPTU\S TOL]ATION ) :I* A M$IEVAL B>ON TREAT$ HIS JE/]2 ?\< IT 
      MU/ BE SAID ?AT !Y W]E BY NO MEANS SO PLEASANT AS ! OLD JE/]S W]E1 BE+1 
      9 FACT1 ! BORES ( SOCIETY4 ,!Y W]E LAU<$ AT1 DESPIS$ - & PAID4 
      ,:I* LA/ WAS :AT !Y AIM$ AT40 
     
     

      ,DE> ME6 ?\<T ,I1 H[ APT HI/ORY IS TO REV]SE CONTEMPOR>Y JUDGM5TS4 ,SURELY 
      ONLY ! WOR/ ( !M W]E AS BAD AS ?AT4 ,BUT ,I MU/ ADMIT ?AT !Y W]E MO/LY 
      PRIGS1 & !Y W]E COMM]CIAL4 ,I SAID AL\D1 ?\< MORE TO MYSELF ?AN 
      TO ,HAMMOND1 0,WELL1 H[ C\LD !Y BE BETT] ?AN ! AGE ?AT MADE !M80 
     
     

      0,TRUE10 HE SAID1 0BUT !IR PRET5SIONS W]E HI<]40 
     
     

      0,W]E !Y80 SAID ,I1 SMIL+4 
     
     

      0,Y\ DRIVE ME FROM CORN] TO CORN]10 SAID HE1 SMIL+ 9 TURN4 0,LET ME SAY AT 
      LEA/ ?AT !Y W]E A POOR SEQU5CE TO ! ASPIRATIONS ( ,OX=D ( '! B>B>\S 
      ,MIDDLE ,AGES'40 
     
     

      0,YES1 ?AT WILL DO10 SAID ,I4 
     
     

      0,ALSO10 SAID ,HAMMOND1 0:AT ,I HAVE BE5 SAY+ ( !M IS TRUE 9 ! MA94 ,BUT ASK 
      ON60 
     
     

      ,I SAID3 0,WE HAVE HE>D AB\T ,LONDON & ! MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICTS & ! 
      ORD9>Y T[NS3 H[ AB\T ! VILLAGES80 
     
     

      ,SAID ,HAMMOND3 0 ,Y\ MU/ KN[ ?AT T[>D ! 5D ( ! N9ETE5? C5TURY ! 
      VILLAGES W]E ALMO/ DE/ROY$1 UNLESS :]E !Y BECAME M]E ADJUNCTS TO ! 
      MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICT !MSELVES4 ,H\SES W]E ALL[$ TO FALL 9TO DECAY & 
      ACTUAL RU92 TREES W]E CUT D[N = ! SAKE ( ! FEW %ILL+S :I* ! POOR 
      /ICKS W\LD FET*2 ! BUILD+ BECAME 9EXPRESSIBLY MEAN & HIDE\S4 ,LABOR WAS 
      SC>CE2 BUT WAGES FELL NEV]!LESS4 ,ALL ! SMALL C\NTRY >TS ( LIFE :I* ONCE 
      ADD$ TO ! LITTLE PLEASURES ( C\NTRY PEOPLE W]E LO/4 ,! C\NTRY PRODUCE 
      :I* PASS$ ?R\< ! H&S ( ! HUSB&M5 NEV] GOT SO F> AS !IR M\?S4 
      ,9CR$IBLE %ABB9ESS & NIGG>DLY P9*+ REIGN$ OV] ! FIELDS & ACRES 
      :I*1 9 SPITE ( ! RUDE & C>ELESS HUSB&RY ( ! TIMES1 W]E SO K9D & 
      B\NTIFUL4 ,HAD Y\ ANY 9KL+ ( ALL ?IS8 0 
     
     

      0,I HAVE HE>D ?AT IT WAS SO10 SAID ,I2 0BUT :AT FOLL[$80 
     
     

      0,! *ANGE10 SAID ,HAMMOND1 0:I* 9 !SE MATT]S TOOK PLACE V]Y E>LY 9 \R 
      EPO*1 WAS MO/ /RANGELY RAPID4 ,PEOPLE FLOCK$ 9TO ! C\NTRY VILLAGES1 &1 SO 
      TO SAY1 FLUNG !MSELVES UPON ! FRE$ L& LIKE A WILD BEA/ UPON HIS PREY2 & 
      9 A V]Y LITTLE TIME ! VILLAGES ( ,5GL& W]E MORE POPUL\S ?AN !Y HAD BE5 
      S9CE ! F\RTE5? C5TURY1 & W]E /ILL GR[+ FA/4 ,( C\RSE1 ?IS 9VASION 
      ( ! C\NTRY WAS AWKW>D TO DEAL )1 & W\LD HAVE CREAT$ MU* MIS]Y1 IF ! 
      FOLK HAD /ILL BE5 UND] ! BONDAGE ( CLASS MONOPOLY4 ,BUT AS IT WAS1 ?+S SOON 
      RI<T$ !MSELVES4 ,PEOPLE F\ND \T :AT !Y W]E FIT =1 & GAVE UP ATTEMPT+ 
      TO PU% !MSELVES 9TO OCCUPATIONS 9 :I* !Y MU/ NE$S FAIL4 ,! T[N 9VAD$ 
      ! C\NTRY2 BUT ! 9VAD]S1 LIKE ! W>LIKE 9VAD]S ( E>LY DAYS1 YIELD$ TO 
      ! 9FLU5CE ( !IR SURR\ND+S1 & BECAME C\NTRY PEOPLE2 & 9 !IR TURN1 
      AS !Y BECAME MORE NUM]\S ?AN ! T[NSM51 9FLU5C$ !M ALSO2 SO ?AT ! 
      DIFF]5CE BETWE5 T[N & C\NTRY GREW LESS & LESS2 & IT WAS 9DE$ ?IS 
      WORLD ( T[N-BR$ FOLK :I* HAS PRODUC$ ?AT HAPPY & LEISURELY BUT EAG] LIFE 
      ( :I* Y\ HAVE HAD A FIR/ TA/E4 ,AGA9 ,I SAY1 MANY BLUND]S W]E MADE1 BUT WE 
      HAVE HAD TIME TO SET !M RI<T4 ,MU* WAS LEFT = ! M5 ( MY E>LI] LIFE TO 
      DEAL )4 ,! CRUDE IDEAS ( ! FIR/ HALF ( ! TW5TIE? C5TURY1 :5 M5 
      W]E /ILL OPPRESS$ BY ! FE> ( POV]TY1 & DID NOT LOOK 5\< TO ! PRES5T 
      PLEASURE ( ORD9>Y LIFE1 SPOIL$ A GREAT DEAL ( :AT ! COMM]CIAL AGE HAD LEFT 
      US ( EXT]NAL BEAUTY3 & ,I ADMIT ?AT IT WAS BUT SL[LY ?AT M5 RECOV]$ FROM 
      ! 9JURIES !Y HAD 9FLICT$ ON !MSELVES EV5 AFT] !Y BECAME FREE4 ,BUT 
      SL[LY AS ! RECOV]Y CAME1 IT DID COME2 & ! MORE Y\ SEE ( US1 ! 
      CLE>] IT WILL BE TO Y\ ?AT WE >E HAPPY4 ,?AT WE LIVE AMID BEAUTY )\T ANY 
      FE> ( BECOM+ EFFEM9ATE2 ?AT WE HAVE PL5TY TO DO1 & ON ! :OLE 5JOY 
      DO+ IT4 ,:AT MORE CAN WE ASK ( LIFE80 
     
     

      ,HE PAUS$1 AS IF HE W]E SEEK+ = WORDS ) :I* TO EXPRESS HIS ?\<T4 ,!N 
      HE SAID3 
     
     

      0,?IS IS H[ WE /&4 ,5GL& WAS ONCE A C\NTRY ( CLE>+S AMONG ! WOODS 
      & WA/ES1 ) A FEW T[NS 9T]SP]S$1 :I* W]E =TRESSES = ! FEUDAL 
      >MY1 M>KETS = ! FOLK1 GA!R+ PLACES = CRAFTSM54 ,IT !N BECAME A 
      C\NTRY ( HUGE & F\L WORK%OPS & F\L] GAMBL+-D5S1 SURR\ND$ BY AN 
      ILL-KEPT1 POV]TY-/RICK5 F>M1 PILLAG$ BY ! MA/]S ( ! WORK%OPS4 ,IT IS 
      N[ A G>D51 :]E NO?+ IS WA/$ & NO?+ IS SPOIL$1 ) ! NECESS>Y 
      DWELL+S1 %$S1 & WORK%OPS SCATT]$ UP & D[N ! C\NTRY1 ALL TRIM & 
      NEAT & PRETTY4 =1 9DE$1 WE %\LD BE TOO MU* A%AM$ ( \RSELVES IF WE 
      ALL[$ ! MAK+ ( GOODS1 EV5 ON A L>GE SCALE1 TO C>RY ) IT ! 
      APPE>ANCE1 EV51 ( DESOLATION & MIS]Y4 ,:Y MY FRI5D1 ?OSE H\SEWIVES WE W]E 
      TALK+ ( JU/ N[ W\LD TEA* US BETT] ?AN ?AT40 
     
     

      ,SAID ,I3 0,?IS SIDE ( Y\R *ANGE IS C]TA9LY = ! BETT]4 ,BUT ?\< ,I %ALL 
      SOON SEE SOME ( !SE VILLAGES1 TELL ME 9 A WORD OR TWO :AT !Y >E LIKE1 JU/ 
      TO PREP>E ME40 
     
     

      0,P]HAPS1 0 SAID HE1 0Y\ HAVE SE5 A TOL]ABLE PICTURE ( !SE VILLAGES AS !Y 
      W]E BE=E ! 5D ( ! N9ETE5? C5TURY4 ,SU* ?+S EXI/40 
     
     

      0,I HAVE SE5 SEV]AL ( SU* PICTURES10 SAID ,I4 
     
     

      0,WELL10 SAID ,HAMMOND1 0\R VILLAGES >E SOME?+ LIKE ! BE/ ( SU* PLACES1 
      ) ! *UR* OR MOTE-H\SE ( ! NEI<BORS = !IR *IEF BUILD+4 ,ONLY NOTE 
      ?AT !RE >E NO TOK5S ( POV]TY AB\T !M3 NO TUMBLE-D[N PICTURESQUE2 :I*1 
      TO TELL Y\ ! TRU?1 ! >TI/ USUALLY AVAIL$ HIMSELF ( TO VEIL HIS 9CAPACITY 
      = DRAW+ >*ITECTURE4 ,SU* ?+S DO NOT PLEASE US1 EV5 :5 !Y 9DICATE NO 
      MIS]Y4 ,LIKE ! M$IEVALS1 WE LIKE EV]Y?+ TRIM & CLEAN1 & ORD]LY & 
      BRI<T2 AS PEOPLE ALWAYS DO :5 !Y HAVE ANY S5SE ( >*ITECTURAL P[]2 
      BECAUSE !N !Y KN[ ?AT !Y CAN HAVE :AT !Y WANT1 & !Y WON'T /& ANY 
      NONS5SE FROM ,NATURE 9 !IR DEAL+S ) H]40 
     
     

      0,BESIDES ! VILLAGES1 >E !RE ANY SCATT]$ C\NTRY H\SES80 SAID ,I4 
     
     

      0,YES1 PL5TY10 SAID ,HAMMOND2 09 FACT1 EXCEPT 9 ! WA/ES & =E/S & AMONG 
      ! S&-HILLS 7LIKE ,H9DHEAD 9 ,SURREY71 IT IS NOT EASY TO BE \T ( SI<T ( A 
      H\SE2 & :]E ! H\SES >E ?9LY SCATT]$ !Y RUN L>GE1 & >E MORE LIKE 
      ! OLD COLLEGES ?AN ORD9>Y H\SES AS !Y US$ TO BE4 ,?AT IS DONE = ! SAKE 
      ( SOCIETY1 = A GOOD MANY PEOPLE CAN DWELL 9 SU* H\SES1 AS ! C\NTRY 
      DWELL]S >E NOT NECESS>ILY HUSB&M52 ?\< !Y ALMO/ ALL HELP 9 SU* WORK 
      AT TIMES4 ,! LIFE ?AT GOES ON 9 !SE BIG DWELL+S 9 ! C\NTRY IS V]Y 
      PLEASANT1 ESPECIALLY AS SOME ( ! MO/ /UDI\S M5 ( \R TIME LIVE 9 !M1 & 
      ALTOGE!R !RE IS A GREAT V>IETY ( M9D & MOOD TO BE F\ND 9 !M :I* 
      BRI<T5S & QUICK5S ! SOCIETY !RE40 
     
     

      0,I AM RA!R SURPRIS$10 SAID ,I1 0BY ALL ?IS1 = IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT AFT] ALL 
      ! C\NTRY MU/ BE TOL]ABLY POPUL\S40 
     
     

      0,C]TA9LY10 SAID HE2 0! POPULATION IS PRETTY MU* ! SAME AS IT WAS AT ! 5D 
      ( ! N9ETE5? C5TURY2 WE HAVE SPREAD IT1 ?AT IS ALL4 ,( C\RSE1 ALSO1 WE HAVE 
      HELP$ TO POPULATE O!R C\NTRIES - :]E WE W]E WANT$ & W]E CALL$ =40 
     
     

      ,SAID ,I3 0,ONE ?+1 IT SEEMS TO ME1 DOES NOT GO ) Y\R WORD ( 'G>D5' = ! 
      C\NTRY4 ,Y\ HAVE SPOK5 ( WA/ES & =E/S1 & ,I MYSELF HAVE SE5 ! 
      BEG9N+ ( Y\R ,MIDDLESEX & ,ESSEX =E/4 ,:Y DO Y\ KEEP SU* ?+S 9 A 
      G>D58 & ISN'T IT V]Y WA/EFUL TO DO SO80 
     
     

      0,MY FRI5D10 HE SAID1 0WE LIKE !SE PIECES ( WILD NATURE1 & CAN AF=D !M1 SO 
      WE HAVE !M2 LET ALONE ?AT AS TO =E/S1 WE NE$ A GREAT DEAL ( TIMB]1 & 
      SUPPOSE ?AT \R SONS & \R SONS' SONS WILL DO ! LIKE4 ,AS TO ! L& BE+ A 
      G>D51 ,I HAVE HE>D ?AT !Y US$ TO HAVE %RUBB]IES & ROCK]IES 9 G>D5S 
      ONCE2 & ?\< ,I MI<T NOT LIKE ! >TIFICIAL ONES1 ,I ASSURE Y\ ?AT SOME ( 
      ! NATURAL ROCK]IES ( \R G>D5 >E WOR? SEE+4 ,GO NOR? ?IS SUMM] & LOOK 
      AT ! ,CUMB]L& & ,WE/MOREL& ONES1 - :]E1 BY ! WAY1 Y\ WILL SEE SOME 
      %EEP FE$+1 SO ?AT !Y >E NOT SO WA/EFUL AS Y\ ?9K2 NOT SO WA/EFUL AS 
      =C+-GR\NDS = FRUIT \T ( SEASON1 ,I ?9K4 ,GO & HAVE A LOOK AT 
      ! %EEP-WALKS HI< UP 9 ! SLOPES BETWE5 ,+LEBOR\< & ,P5-Y-GW5T1 & 
      TELL ME IF Y\ ?9K WE WA/E ! L& !RE BY NOT COV]+ IT ) 
      FACTORIES = MAK+ ?+S ?AT NOBODY WANTS1 :I* WAS ! *IEF BUS9ESS ( 
     
     

      ! N9ETE5? C5TURY40 
     
     

      0,I WILL TRY TO GO !RE10 SAID ,I4 
     
     

      0,IT WON'T TAKE MU* TRY+10 SAID HE4 
     

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #b#e1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #a -- ,ADD$4 

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