,P>T #c3 ,SIB]IA1 ,SECTION #b 

#ahiiahii 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,>T ,GALL]Y ,]GS,>T1 ,PUBLIC ,DOMA9 ,! FIVE YE>S ?AT ,I SP5T 9 ,SIB]IA W]E = 
ME A G5U9E $UCATION 9 LIFE & HUMAN *>ACT]4 ,I WAS BR\<T 9TO 
CONTACT ) M5 ( ALL DESCRIPTIONS3 ! BE/ & ! WOR/2 ?OSE :O 
/OOD AT ! TOP ( SOCIETY & ?OSE :O VEGETAT$ AT ! V]Y BOTTOM1 
--- ! TRAMPS & ! SO-CALL$ 9CORRIGIBLE CRIM9ALS4 ,I HAD AMPLE 
OPPORTUNITIES TO WAT* ! WAYS & HABITS ( ! PEASANTS 9 !IR 
DAILY LIFE & /ILL MORE OPPORTUNITIES TO APPRECIATE H[ LITTLE ! 
/ATE ADM9I/RATION C\LD GIVE TO !M1 EV5 IF IT WAS ANIMAT$ BY ! 
V]Y BE/ 9T5TIONS4 ,F9ALLY1 MY EXT5SIVE J\RNEYS1 DUR+ :I* ,I 
TRAVEL$ OV] FIFTY ?\S& MILES 9 C>TS1 ON BO>D /EAM]S1 9 
BOATS1 BUT *IEFLY ON HORSEBACK1 HAD A WOND]FUL EFFECT 9 /R5G!N+ 
MY HEAL?4 ,!Y ALSO TAU<T ME H[ LITTLE MAN REALLY NE$S AS SOON AS 
HE COMES \T ( ! 5*ANT$ CIRCLE ( CONV5TIONAL CIVILIZATION4 ,) 
A FEW P\NDS ( BREAD & A FEW \NCES ( TEA 9 A LEA!R BAG1 A KETTLE 
& A HAT*ET HANG+ AT ! SIDE ( ! SADDLE1 & UND] ! SADDLE A 
BLANKET1 TO BE SPREAD AT ! CAMP-FIRE UPON A B$ ( FRE%LY CUT SPRUCE 
TWIGS1 A MAN FEELS WOND]FULLY 9DEP5D5T1 EV5 AMID UNKN[N 
M\NTA9S ?ICKLY CLO!D ) WOODS1 OR CAPP$ ) SN[4 ,A BOOK MI<T 
BE WRITT5 AB\T ?IS P>T ( MY LIFE BUT ,I MU/ RAPIDLY GLIDE OV] IT 
H]E1 !RE BE+ SO MU* MORE TO SAY AB\T ! LAT] P]IODS4 

,SIB]IA IS NOT ! FROZ5 L& BURI$ 9 SN[ & PEOPL$ ) EXILES 
ONLY1 ?AT IT IS IMAG9$ TO BE1 EV5 BY MANY ,RUSSIANS4 ,9 ITS S\!RN 
P>TS IT IS AS RI* 9 NATURAL PRODUCTIONS AS >E ! S\!RN P>TS ( 
,CANADA1 :I* IT RESEMBLES SO MU* 9 ITS PHYSICAL ASPECTS & BESIDE 
HALF A MILLION ( NATIVES1 IT HAS A POPULATION ( MORE ?AN F\R 
MILLIONS ( ,RUSSIANS4 ,! S\!RN P>TS ( ,WE/ ,SIB]IA >E AS 
?OR\<LY ,RUSSIAN AS ! PROV9CES TO ! NOR? ( ,MOSC[4 ,9 #ahfb ! 
UPP] ADM9I/RATION ( ,SIB]IA WAS F> MORE 5LI<T5$ & F> BETT] 
ALL R\ND ?AN ?AT ( ANY PROV9CE ( ,RUSSIA PROP]4 ,= SEV]AL YE>S 
! PO/ ( GOV]NOR-G5]AL ( ,EA/ ,SIB]IA HAD BE5 OCCUPI$ BY A 
REM>KABLE P]SONAGE1 ,C\NT ,N4 ,N4 ,MURAVI(F1 :O ANNEX$ ! 
,AMUR REGION TO ,RUSSIA4 ,HE WAS V]Y 9TELLIG5T1 V]Y ACTIVE1 
EXTREMELY AMIABLE1 & DESIR\S TO WORK = ! GOOD ( ! C\NTRY4  
,LIKE ALL M5 ( ACTION ( ! GOV]NM5TAL S*OOL1 HE WAS A DESPOT AT 
! BOTTOM ( HIS HE>T2 BUT HE HELD ADVANC$ OP9IONS & A DEMOCRATIC 
REPUBLIC W\LD NOT HAVE QUITE SATISFI$ HIM4 ,HE HAD SUCCE$$ TO A 
GREAT EXT5T 9 GETT+ RID ( ! OLD /AFF ( CIVIL S]VICE (FICIALS1 
:O CONSID]$ ,SIB]IA A CAMP TO BE PLUND]$1 & HE HAD GA!R$ 
>\ND HIM A NUMB] ( Y\NG (FICIALS1 QUITE HONE/1 & MANY ( !M 
ANIMAT$ BY ! SAME EXCELL5T 9T5TIONS AS HIMSELF4 ,9 HIS [N /UDY1 
! Y\NG (FIC]S1 ) ! EXILE ,BAKUN9 AMONG !M 7HE ESCAP$ 
FROM ,SIB]IA 9 ! AUTUMN ( #a#h#f#a71 DISCUSS$ ! *ANCES ( CREAT+ 
! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ( ,SIB]IA1 F$]AT$ ACROSS ! ,PACIFIC ,OCEAN ) 
! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ( ,AM]ICA4 

,:5 ,I CAME TO ,IRKUTSK1 ! CAPITAL ( ,EA/ ,SIB]IA1 ! WAVE 
( REACTION :I* ,I SAW RIS+ AT ,/4 ,PET]SBURG HAD NOT YET REA*$ 
!SE DI/ANT DOM9IONS4 ,I WAS V]Y WELL RECEIV$ BY ! Y\NG 
GOV]NOR-G5]AL1 ,KORSAK(F1 :O HAD JU/ SUCCE$$ 
,MURAVI(F1 & HE TOLD ME ?AT HE WAS DELI<T$ TO HAVE AB\T HIM 
M5 ( LIB]AL OP9IONS4 ,AS TO ! COMM&] ( ! G5]AL /AFF1 
,KUKEL1 --- A Y\NG G5]AL NOT YET ?IRTY-FIVE YE>S OLD1 :OSE 
P]SONAL AIDE-DE-CAMP ,I BECAME1 --- HE AT ONCE TOOK ME TO A ROOM 9 HIS 
H\SE1 :]E ,I F\ND1 TOGE!R ) ! BE/ ,RUSSIAN REVIEWS1 COMPLETE 
COLLECTIONS ( ! ,LONDON REVOLUTION>Y $ITIONS ( ,H]Z54 ,WE 
W]E SOON W>M FRI5DS4 

,G5]AL ,KUKEL TEMPOR>ILY OCCUPI$ AT ?AT TIME ! PO/ ( 
GOV]NOR ( ,TRANSBAIKALIA1 & A FEW WEEKS LAT] WE CROSS$ ! 
BEAUTIFUL ,LAKE ,BAIKAL & W5T FUR!R EA/1 TO ! LITTLE T[N 
( ,*ITA1 ! CAPITAL ( ! PROV9CE4 ,!RE ,I HAD TO GIVE 
MYSELF1 HE>T & S\L1 )\T LOSS ( TIME TO ! GREAT RE=MS :I* 
W]E !N UND] DISCUSSION4 ,! ,/4 ,PET]SBURG M9I/RIES HAD APPLI$ 
TO ! LOCAL AU?ORITIES1 ASK+ !M TO WORK \T S*EMES ( COMPLETE 
RE=M 9 ! ADM9I/RATION ( ! PROV9CES1 ! ORGANIZATION ( ! 
POLICE1 ! TRIBUNALS1 ! PRISONS1 ! SY/EM ( EXILE1 ! 
SELF-GOV]NM5T ( ! T[N%IPS1 --- ALL ON BROADLY LIB]AL BASES LAID 
D[N BY ! ,EMP]OR 9 HIS MANIFE/OS4 

,KUKEL1 SUPPORT$ BY AN 9TELLIG5T & PRACTICAL MAN1 ,COLONEL 
,P$A%5KO1 & A C\PLE ( WELL-MEAN+ CIVIL S]VICE (FICIALS1 
WORK$ ALL DAY LONG1 & (T5 A GOOD DEAL ( ! NI<T4 ,I BECAME ! 
SECRET>Y ( TWO COMMITTEES1 --- = ! RE=M ( ! PRISONS & ! 
:OLE SY/EM ( EXILE1 & = PREP>+ A S*EME ( MUNICIPAL 
SELF-GOV]NM5T1 --- & ,I SET TO WORK ) ALL ! 5?USIASM ( A 
Y\? ( N9ETE5 YE>S4 ,I READ MU* AB\T ! HI/ORICAL DEVELOPM5T 
( !SE 9/ITUTIONS 9 ,RUSSIA & !IR PRES5T CONDITION ABROAD1 
EXCELL5T WORKS & PAP]S DEAL+ ) !SE SUBJECTS HAV+ BE5 
PUBLI%$ BY ! M9I/RIES ( ! 9T]IOR & ( JU/ICE2 BUT :AT WE 
DID 9 ,TRANSBAIKALIA WAS BY NO MEANS M]ELY !ORETICAL4 ,I 
DISCUSS$ FIR/ ! G5]AL \TL9ES1 & SUBSEQU5TLY EV]Y PO9T ( 
DETAIL ) PRACTICAL M51 WELL ACQUA9T$ ) ! REAL NE$S & ! 
LOCAL POSSIBILITIES2 & = ?AT PURPOSE ,I MET A CONSID]ABLE NUMB] ( 
M5 BO? 9 T[N & 9 ! PROV9CE4 ,!N ! CONCLUSIONS WE >RIV$ 
AT W]E RE-DISCUSS$ ) ,KUKEL & ,P$A%5KO2 & :5 ,I 
HAD PUT ! RESULTS 9TO A PRELIM9>Y %APE1 EV]Y PO9T WAS AGA9 V]Y 
?OR\<LY ?RA%$ \T 9 ! COMMITTEES4 ,ONE ( !SE COMMITTEES1 = 
PREP>+ ! MUNICIPAL GOV]NM5T S*EME1 WAS COMPOS$ ( CITIZ5S ( 
,*ITA1 ELECT$ BY ALL ! POPULATION1 AS FREELY AS !Y MI<T 
HAVE BE5 ELECT$ 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,9 %ORT1 \R WORK WAS V]Y 
S]I\S2 & EV5 N[1 LOOK+ BACK AT IT ?R\< ! P]SPECTIVE ( SO 
MANY YE>S1 ,I CAN SAY 9 FULL CONFID5CE ?AT IF MUNICIPAL 
SELF-GOV]NM5T HAD BE5 GRANT$ !N1 9 ! MODE/ %APE :I* WE GAVE 
TO IT1 ! T[NS ( ,SIB]IA W\LD BE V]Y DIFF]5T FROM :AT !Y >E4  
,BUT NO?+ CAME ( IT ALL1 AS WILL PRES5TLY BE SE54 

,!RE WAS NO LACK ( O!R 9CID5TAL OCCUPATIONS4 ,MONEY HAD TO BE 
F\ND = ! SUPPORT ( *>ITABLE 9/ITUTIONS2 AN ECONOMIC 
DESCRIPTION ( ! PROV9CE HAD TO BE WRITT5 9 CONNECTION ) A LOCAL 
AGRICULTURAL EXHIBITION2 OR SOME S]I\S 9QUIRY HAD TO BE MADE4 0,IT IS 
A GREAT EPO* WE LIVE 92 WORK1 MY DE> FRI5D2 REMEMB] ?AT Y\ >E 
! SECRET>Y ( ALL EXI/+ & FUTURE COMMITTEES10 ,KUKEL W\LD 
SOMETIMES SAY TO ME1 --- & ,I WORK$ ) D\BL$ 5]GY4 

,AN EXAMPLE OR TWO WILL %[ ) :AT RESULTS4 ,!RE WAS 9 \R 
PROV9CE A 0DI/RICT *IEF 0 --- ?AT IS1 A POLICE (FIC] 9VE/$ ) 
V]Y WIDE & 9DET]M9ATE RI<TS --- :O WAS SIMPLY A DISGRACE4 ,HE 
ROBB$ ! PEASANTS & FLOGG$ !M RI<T & LEFT1 --- EV5 WOM51 
:I* WAS AGA9/ ! LAW2 & :5 A CRIM9AL AFFAIR FELL 9TO HIS 
H&S1 IT MI<T LIE !RE = MON?S1 M5 BE+ KEPT 9 ! MEANTIME 9 
PRISON TILL !Y GAVE HIM A BRIBE4 ,KUKEL W\LD HAVE DISMISS$ 
?IS MAN LONG BE=E1 BUT ! GOV]NOR-G5]AL DID NOT LIKE ! IDEA ( 
IT1 BECAUSE HE HAD /RONG PROTECTORS AT ,/4 ,PET]SBURG4 ,AFT] MU* 
HESITATION1 IT WAS DECID$ AT LA/ ?AT ,I %\LD GO TO MAKE AN 
9VE/IGATION ON ! SPOT1 & COLLECT EVID5CE AGA9/ ! MAN4 ,?IS 
WAS NOT BY ANY MEANS EASY1 BECAUSE ! PEASANTS1 T]RORIZ$ BY HIM1 & 
WELL KN[+ AN OLD ,RUSSIAN SAY+1 0,GOD IS F> AWAY1 :ILE Y\R *IEF 
IS Y\R NEXT-DOOR NEI<BOR10 DID NOT D>E TO TE/IFY4 ,EV5 ! WOMAN HE 
HAD FLOGG$ WAS AFRAID AT FIR/ TO MAKE A WRITT5 /ATEM5T4 ,IT WAS 
ONLY AFT] ,I HAD /AY$ A =TNI<T ) ! PEASANTS1 & HAD WON !IR 
CONFID5CE1 ?AT ! MISDE$S ( !IR *IEF C\LD BE BR\<T TO LI<T4  
,I COLLECT$ CRU%+ EVID5CE1 & ! DI/RICT *IEF WAS DISMISS$4 ,WE 
CONGRATULAT$ \RSELVES ON HAV+ GOT RID ( SU* A PE/4 ,:AT WAS1 
H[EV]1 \R A/ONI%M5T :51 A FEW MON?S LAT]1 WE LE>N$ ?AT ?IS 
SAME MAN HAD BE5 NOM9AT$ TO A HI<] PO/ 9 ,KAM*ATKA6 ,!RE 
HE C\LD PLUND] ! NATIVES FREE ( ANY CONTROL1 & SO HE DID4 ,A FEW 
YE>S LAT] HE RETURN$ TO ,/4 ,PET]SBURG A RI* MAN4 ,! >TICLES HE 
OCCASIONALLY CONTRIBUTES N[ TO ! REACTION>Y PRESS >E1 AS ONE MI<T 
EXPECT1 FULL ( HI< 0PATRIOTIC0 SPIRIT4 

,! WAVE ( REACTION1 AS ,I HAVE ALREADY SAID1 HAD NOT !N REA*$ 
,SIB]IA1 & ! POLITICAL EXILES CONT9U$ TO BE TREAT$ ) ALL 
POSSIBLE L5I5CY1 AS 9 ,MURAVI(F'S TIME4 ,:51 9 #a#h#f#a1 ! 
POET ,MIKHAIL(F WAS CONDEMN$ TO H>D LABOR = A REVOLUTION>Y 
PROCLAMATION :I* HE HAD ISSU$1 & WAS S5T TO ,SIB]IA1 ! GOV]NOR 
( ! FIR/ ,SIB]IAN T[N ON HIS WAY1 ,TOBOLSK1 GAVE A D9N] 9 
HIS HONOR1 9 :I* ALL ! (FICIALS TOOK P>T4 ,9 
,TRANSBAIKALIA HE WAS NOT KEPT AT H>D LABOR1 BUT WAS ALL[$ 
(FICIALLY TO /AY 9 ! HOSPITAL PRISON ( A SMALL M9+ VILLAGE4  
,HIS HEAL? BE+ V]Y POOR1 --- HE WAS DY+ FROM CONSUMPTION1 & DID 
ACTUALLY DIE A FEW MON?S LAT]1 --- ,G5]AL ,KUKEL GAVE HIM 
P]MISSION TO /AY 9 ! H\SE ( HIS BRO!R1 A M9+ 5G9E]1 :O 
HAD R5T$ A GOLD M9E FROM ! ,CR[N ON HIS [N ACC\NT4 ,UN(FICIALLY 
?AT WAS WELL KN[N ALL OV] ,SIB]IA4 ,BUT ONE DAY WE LE>N$ FROM 
,IRKUTSK ?AT1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( A SECRET D5UNCIATION1 ! 
G5]AL ( ! G5D>MES 7/ATE POLICE7 WAS ON HIS WAY TO ,*ITA1 
TO MAKE A /RICT 9QUIRY 9TO ! AFFAIR4 ,AN AIDE-DE-CAMP ( ! 
GOV]NOR-G5]AL BR\<T US ! NEWS4 ,I WAS DISPAT*$ 9 GREAT HA/E 
TO W>N ,MIKHAIL(F1 & TO TELL HIM ?AT HE MU/ RETURN AT ONCE 
TO ! HOSPITAL  PRISON1 :ILE ! G5]AL ( ! G5D>MES WAS 
KEPT AT ,*ITA4 ,AS ?AT G5TLEMAN F\ND HIMSELF EV]Y NI<T ! 
W9N] ( CONSID]ABLE SUMS ( MONEY AT ! GRE5 TABLE 9 ,KUKEL'S 
H\SE1 HE SOON DECID$ NOT TO EX*ANGE ?IS PLEASANT PA/IME = A LONG 
J\RNEY TO ! M9ES 9 A TEMP]ATURE :I* WAS !N A DOZ5 DEGREES 
BEL[ ! FREEZ+ PO9T ( M]CURY1 & EV5TUALLY W5T BACK TO 
,IRKUTSK1 QUITE SATISFI$ ) HIS LUCRATIVE MISSION4 

,! /ORM1 H[EV]1 WAS COM+ NE>] & NE>]1 & IT SWEPT 
EV]Y?+ BE=E IT SOON AFT] ! 9SURRECTION BROKE \T 9 
,POL&4 

7,S\RCE3 ,MEMOIRS ( A ,REVOLUTIONI/1 ,FIR/ ,$ITION1 ,H\<TON ,MIFFL9 ,COMPANY1 ,BO/ON & ,NEW ,YORK1 #a#h#i#i47 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

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