,*APT] #b 
,/ATE-,CAPITALISM & ,! ,MIX$ ,ECONOMY 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PAUL ,MATTICK 

,TEXT 3 

,:ILE ,M>X'S !ORY ( ACCUMULATION COV]S ! MIX$ ECONOMY1 IT SEEMS 
TO LOSE ITS VALIDITY = ! COMPLETELY-CONTROLL$ CAPITALI/ ECONOMY1 I4E41 
/ATE-CAPITALISM OR /ATE-SOCIALISM AS REPRES5T$ BY ! SO-CALL$ COMMUNI/ 
SOCIETIES ( ! ,EA/]N P[] BLOC1 :]E GOV]NM5T DECISIONS & ECONOMIC 
PLANN+ DET]M9E PRODUCTION1 DI/RIBUTION & DEVELOPM5T4 ,!SE SOCIETIES 
>E NOT ! PRODUCT ( A SL[ TRANS=MATION FROM A 0MIX$0 TO A 
/ATE-DIRECT$ ECONOMY BUT >E ! DIRECT \TCOME ( W> & REVOLUTION4 ,9 
PRACTICE1 !Y HAVE CONT9U$ & EXT5D$ ! /ATE-DIRECT$ W> TIME ECONOMY2 
!ORETICALLY1 !Y REG>D !IR ACTIVITY AS ! REALIZATION ( ,M>XIAN 
SOCIALISM4 ,?IS IS SOME:AT PLAUSIBLE BECAUSE !Y ADH]E TO AN 
0OR?ODOX0 9T]PRETATION ( ,M>XISM :I* SEES 9 PRIVATE PROP]TY 
RELATIONS ! MA91 OR ONLY1 CONDITION ( EXPLOITATION4 ,ACTUALLY1 ! 
CONDITIONS :I* ,M>X EXPECT$ TO RESULT 9 ! 0EXPROPRIATION ( 
CAPITAL0 DID NOT EV5 EXI/ 9 ! 9DU/RIALLY UND]DEVELOP$ NATIONS 
5GAG$ 9 SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,!IR LEAD]S W]E CONV9C$1 H[EV]1 ?AT TOTAL 
/ATE CONTROL OV] ALL ( ! ECONOMY W\LD BR+ AB\T A MORE RAPID CAPITAL 
DEVELOPM5T ?AN W\LD BE POSSIBLE UND] COMPETITIVE M>KET RELATIONS1 & ?AT 
?IS MORE RAPID DEVELOPM5T UND] ! AUSPICES ( SOCIALI/ GOV]NM5TS W\LD 
5ABLE A SL[ TRANSITION TO SOCIALISM4 

,! DEVELOPM5T ( CAPITAL PRODUCTION 9 ! NAME ( 0SOCIALISM0 
OR 0COMMUNISM0 IS A P>ADOX TOO F>FET*$ TO HAVE 5T]$ 
,M>X'S M9D4 ,YET FROM ! VANTAGE PO9T ( ! PRES5T IT IS NOT /RANGE 
AT ALL4 ,AL?\< CON/RUCT$ ) AN EYE ON ,5GL& :I*1 AT ?AT TIME1 
REPRES5T$ CAPITALISM 9 ITS MO/ ADVANC$ & PURE/ =M1 ,M>X'S MODEL 
( CAPITAL PRODUCTION REPRES5T$ NEI!R ! NATIONAL NOR ! WORLD ECONOMY 
BUT WAS AN IMAG9>Y SY/EM ( BASIC CAPITAL-LABOR RELATION%IPS4 ,! ACTUAL 
DEVELOPM5T ( CAPITALISM BR\<T ) IT A V>IETY ( MORE-OR-LESS DEVELOP$ 
CAPITALI/ NATIONS1 COLONIZATION1 & IMP]IALISM4 ,YET ! WORLD ECONOMY WAS 
9EXTRICABLY 9T]CONNECT$ )1 & DEP5D5T UPON1 CAPITAL EXPANSION 9 ! 
DOM9AT+ CAPITALI/ NATIONS4 ,9 UND] DEVELOP$ C\NTRIES REVOLUTION>Y 
!ORY HAD TO RELATE ITSELF NOT ONLY TO /ILL-EXI/+ PRE-CAPITALI/ 
CONDITIONS BUT ALSO TO ! OV] RID+ CAPITAL-LABOR RELATIONS ?AT DOM9AT$ 
WORLD ECONOMY4 ,AS !RE WAS NO WAY TO DEVELOP NEW 9DEP5D5T NATIONAL 
ECONOMIES EXCEPT 9 OPPOSITION TO ! MONOPOLI/IC P[]S & !IR FETI%I/IC 
CAPITAL EXPANSION1 ! RUL+ CAPITALI/ IDEOLOGY C\LD NOT S]VE 
NATIONAL-REVOLUTION>Y NE$S 9 BACKW>D C\NTRIES1 ! LESS SO AS !IR [N 
PRE-CAPITALI/ RUL+ CLASSES SECUR$ !IR EXI/5CE 9 CLOSE COLLABORATION 
) ! IMP]IALI/ P[]S4 ,EV5 ?\< IT C\LD S]VE NO MORE ?AN NATIONAL 
CAPITAL DEVELOPM5T1 ! REVOLUTION>Y IDEOLOGY HAD TO BE AN ANTI-CAPITALI/ 
IDEOLOGY4 ,& AS ! C>RI]S ( ?IS IDEOLOGY OP]AT$ 9 ! TW5TIE? & 
NOT 9 ! EI<TE5? C5TURY1 !IR CONCEPT ( PROGRESS BY WAY ( CAPITAL 
PRODUCTION WAS NO LONG] ASSOCIAT$ ) PRIVATE 5T]PRISE & G5]AL 
COMPETITION BUT ) ! HI<LY CONC5TRAT$ MIX$ OR /ATE-CONTROLL$ ECONOMY 
( MOD]N CAPITALISM4 ,ABLE ONLY TO REA* ?OSE SOCIAL CONDITIONS ?AT ,M>XIAN 
SOCIALISM 9T5D$ TO ELIM9ATE1 !Y C\LD SEE !MSELVES AS 
0,M>XI/S0 BY ASSUM+ AN 5GAGEM5T 9 TWO REVOLUTIONS AT ONCE 
- ! 0B\RGEOIS0 REVOLUTION :I* CREAT$ ! CAPITAL-LABOR 
RELATIONS ( MOD]N 9DU/RY1 & ! 0SOCIALI/0 REVOLUTION1 :I* 
PREV5T$ ! DET]M9ATION & UTILIZATION ( ?IS DEVELOPM5T BY PRIVATE 
CAPITAL4 

,?\< C>RI$ \T 9 ! NAME ( ,M>X1 ! /ATE-CAPITALI/1 OR 
/ATE-SOCIALI/1 REVOLUTIONS W\LD BE BETT] DESCRIB$ AS 0,KEYNESIAN 
REVOLUTIONS40 ,:AT IS USUALLY DESIGNAT$ AS ! 0,KEYNESIAN 
REVOLUTION0 IS ,KEYNES' RECOGNITION & ACCEPTANCE ( ! FACT ( 
9T5SIVE /ATE 9T]V5TIONS 9 ! ECONOMY4 ,IT IS ONLY BECAUSE ( 
,KEYNES' PREOCCUPATION ) 0MATURE0 CAPITALISM ?AT ! 
APPLICATION ( HIS !ORY HAS A RE=MATORY RA!R ?AN A REVOLUTION>Y 
CONNOTATION4 ,BUT AS A MEASURE ( RE=M1 /OPP+ AT ! 0MIX$ 
ECONOMY10 IT IS SELF-DEFEAT+1 = IT SL[S UP BUT DOES NOT PREV5T ! 
DE/RUCTION ( ! PRIVATE 5T]PRISE SY/EM4 ,>IS+ AT ! SAME TIME AS ! 
MIX$ ECONOMY1 ! /ATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EM MAY BE REG>D$ AS ,KEYNESIANISM 9 
ITS MO/ CONSI/5T & MO/ DEVELOP$ =M4 ,IT IS NOT A MIX$ ECONOMY 9 ! 
LIMIT$ ,KEYNESIAN S5SE ( SAFEGU>D+ PRIVATE CAPITAL BY WAY ( GOV]NM5T 
CONTROLS4 ,BUT IT IS A MIX$ ECONOMY 9 ! PROJECT$ WID] S5SE ( A 
0COMPREH5SIVE SOCIALIZATION ( 9VE/M5TS10 GE>$ TO ! PROMISE 
( ALLEVIAT+ ! PREVAIL+ 09EQUITABLE DI/RIBUTION ( WEAL? & 
9COME0 BY LEAV+ IT TO ! 0COMMON WILL1 EMBODI$ 9 ! POLICY 
( ! /ATE10 TO DET]M9E 0H[ F> IT IS SAFE TO /IMULATE ! 
AV]AGE PROP5SITY TO CONSUME0 9 A FULL-EMPLOYM5T1 CRISIS-FREE ECONOMY4 
,MOREOV]1 /ATE-CAPITALISM REMA9S A 0MIX$ ECONOMY0 BY BE+ P>T 
( A WORLD ECONOMY /ILL L>GELY DET]M9$ BY PRIVATE PR(IT PRODUCTION1 & 
BY VIRTUE ( ! FACT ?AT IT IS M>K$ BY ALL ! ANTAGONISMS ?AT 
*>ACT]IZE PRIVATE CAPITAL PRODUCTION EXCEPT ?AT ( PRIVATE PR(IT 
APPROPRIATION4 

,:]EAS ! MIX$ ECONOMY 9 ! N>R[ ,KEYNESIAN S5SE IS LIMIT$ BY ! 
NATURE ( PRIVATE PR(IT PRODUCTION1 9 ITS WID] S5SE - AS A COMPLETE 
/ATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EM - IT IS LIMIT$ BY 9T] NATIONAL CAPITAL 
COMPETITION4 ,9 !ORY1 /ATE-CAPITALISM %\LD ALL[ = A NATIONALLY-PLANN$ 
DET]M9ATION ( BO? ! VOLUME & ! DIRECTION ( PRODUCTION4 ,! K9D ( 
0PLANN+0 ACTUALLY UND]TAK5 IS1 H[EV]1 DET]M9$ BY ! NE$S 
( CAPITAL PRODUCTION )9 A SETT+ ( 9T]NATIONAL CAPITAL & P[] 
COMPETITION4 ,! POSSIBLE ADVANTAGES ( COMPLETE GOV]NM5T CONTROL CAN BE ONLY 
P>TLY 5JOY$ & ! FATE ( ! /ATE-CAPITALI/ ECONOMY REMA9S B\ND TO 
! FATE ( CAPITALISM 9 G5]AL4 ,ITS ECONOMIC EXPANSION IS NOT ( ! TYPE 
:I* *>ACT]IZ$ ! RISE ( CAPITALISM BUT ( ! TYPE *>ACT]I/IC ( 
ITS DECL9E4 0,OV]PRODUCTION0 9 ! =M ( WA/E-PRODUCTION 9 A 
REL5TLESS P[] COMPETITION N[ ACCOMPANIES ! E>LY /AGES ( CAPITAL 
=MATION & EV5 ?AT ( 0PRIMITIVE ACCUMULATION40 ,AS 9 ! 
CAPITALISM ( OLD1 ! ACCUMULATION ( CAPITAL1 NOT ! REAL NE$S ( ! 
PRODUC]S1 DET]M9ES ! DIRECTION ( PRODUCTION4 

,AS CAPITAL =MATION IS A CONC]N ( GOV]NM5T 9 ! MIX$ AS WELL AS 9 
! /ATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EM1 :AT1 9 ! ,KEYNESIAN VIEW1 DIVIDES 
0CAPITALISM0 FROM 0SOCIALISM0 IS M]ELY ! DEGREE ( 
GOV]NM5T CONTROL4 ,BUT AS CAPITALISM1 ACCORD+ TO ,KEYNES1 HAS ! 
0T5D5CY TO SOCIALIZE ITSELF10 SOCIALISM IS N[ DEF9$ AS A FULLY 
0SOCIALIZ$ CAPITALISM40 ,9 ?IS S5SE /ATE-CAPITALISM REPRES5TS 
0SOCIALISM0 & IS G5]ALLY RECOGNIZ$ AS SU* BY SPOKESM5 ( ! 
0,M>XI/0 & 0ANTI-,M>XI/0 CAMPS4 ,! DISSOLUTION ( 
! PRIVATE PROP]TY SY/EM ?R\< CAPITAL CONC5TRATION 9 CORPORATIONS1 SOME 
( :I* 0>E UNITS :I* CAN BE ?\<T ( ONLY 9 SOME :AT ! WAY WE 
HAVE H]ET(ORE ?\<T ( NATIONS10.<#a.> *ANG$ ! CAPITALI/ ECONOMY 9TO 0SOME?+ 
:I* DIFF]S FROM ! ,RUSSIAN OR SOCIALI/ SY/EM MA9LY 9 ITS PHILOSOPHICAL 
CONT5T40.<#b.> 
,CONTR>IWISE1 IT CAN ALSO BE >GU$ ?AT IF ! WORD CAPITALISM IS /ILL US$ 
= ! ECONOMIES ( ! ,WE/]N WORLD1 IT 0\<T NOT BE US$ TO DESCRIBE 
ONLY ! PRIVATE [N]%IP ( CAPITAL2 IT \<T TO DESCRIBE ANY COMMUNITY :I* 
BELIEVES 9 /EADILY 9CREAS+ ITS WEAL?-CREAT+ CAPACITY BY A CON/ANT 
9VE/M5T ( RES\RCES 9 PRODUCTIVE CAPITAL4 ,SO DEF9$1 !RE IS NO?+ 
CONTROV]SIAL AB\T CAPITALISM1 S9CE ! LEAD+ EXAMPLES 9 TODAY'S 
WORLD ( PROGRESS-BY-CAPITAL >E ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & ! ,SOVIET 
,UNION40.<#c.> 

,ALREADY DUR+ ! ,GREAT ,DEPRESSION1 ,PRESID5T ,ROOSEVELT REALIZ$ 
0?AT :AT WE >E DO+ 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES >E SOME ( ! ?+S ?AT 
>E BE+ DONE 9 ,RUSSIA & EV5 SOME ( ! ?+S ?AT >E BE+ DONE UND] 
,HITL] 9 ,G]MANY4 ,BUT WE >E DO+ !M 9 AN ORD]LY WAY40.<#d.> ,BECAUSE ( ! AFF9ITY 
( ! MIX$ TO ! /ATE-CAPITALI/ ECONOMY1 !IR ACTUAL 5MITY IS N[ 
L>GELY RELAT$ TO 0PHILOSOPHICAL0 DIFF]5CES ?AT >E SUPPOS$ TO 
DET]M9E !IR POLITICAL 9/ITUTIONS BUT NOT !IR SOCIO-ECONOMIC /RUCTURE4 
,TO BE SURE1 0OR?ODOX ,M>XISM0 MA9TA9S ?AT ! MIX$ ECONOMY IS 
/ILL ! CAPITALISM ( OLD1 JU/ AS 0OR?ODOX0 B\RGEOIS !ORY 
9SI/S ?AT ! MIX$ ECONOMY IS A CAM\FLAG$ =M ( SOCIALISM4 ,G5]ALLY1 
H[EV]1 BO? ! /ATE-CAPITALI/ & MIX$ ECONOMIES >E RECOGNIZ$ AS 
ECONOMIC SY/EMS ADH]+ TO ! PR9CIPLE ( PROGRESS BY WAY ( CAPITAL 
ACCUMULATION4 

,DUR+ ! ,GREAT ,DEPRESSION1 ,KEYNES DEVIAT$ FROM ?IS PR9CIPLE & 
5VISION$ AN E>LY *ANGE ( EMPHASIS FROM 9VE/M5T TO CONSUMPTION 9 A 
SOCIETY ( CAPITAL ABUNDANCE :I* W\LD R5D] SUP]FLU\S ! SOCIALISM 
CONCEIV$ BY ITS F\ND]S & ADH]5TS4 ,IT WAS PRECISELY ?IS DEVIATION :I* 
DI/+UI%$ HIS !ORY FROM ! 0OR?ODOXY0 ( HIS 
CONTEMPOR>IES4 ,AFT] ! W>1 H[EV]1 B\RGEOIS !ORY 9SI/$ AGA9 ON AN 
ACCEL]AT$ RATE ( CAPITAL =MATION4 0,! EXTRAORD9>Y PROGRESS 9 
,RUSSIA1 ) ITS DI/9CT CAPITALI/IC T5D5CY1 HAS CONTRIBUT$ TO ?IS 
G5]AL *ANGE ( ATTITUDE & HAS GREATLY IMPRESS$ ! RE/ ( ! WORLD4 
,NEV] BE=E HAS A PEOPLE IMPOS$ UPON !MSELVES SU* SEV]E RE/RICTIONS 9 
ORD] TO ACCUMULATE SAV+S TO BE CONV]T$ 9TO REAL CAPITAL4 ,IT IS N[ 
CLE>LY REALIZ$ ?AT ?IS IMM5SE DISPLAY ( .<,RUSSIAN.> P[] IS BAS$ ON AN 
ABUNDANT SUPPLY ( CAPITAL CREAT$ BY AN ABNORMAL R$UCTION 9 CURR5T 
CONSUMPTION4 ,EV]Y:]E1 PEOPLE >E DEM&+ AN ECONOMIC POLICY :I* WILL 
LEAD TO A PROGRESS SIMIL> TO ?AT 9 ,RUSSIA40.<#e.> ,:ILE 9 ! CAPITALI/ICALLY 
LESS-DEVELOP$ NATIONS ?IS MASO*I/IC 0DEM&0 COMES TO ! =E 
9 V>I\S ATTEMPTS TO EMULATE ! ,RUSSIAN EXAMPLE1 9 ! HI<LY-DEVELOP$ 
CAPITALI/ NATIONS IT TAKES ! =M ( FRANTIC ATTEMPTS TO REA* 
,RUSSIA'S HI<] RATE ( CAPITAL =MATION4 

,IT ALSO BR\<T ! QUE/ION ( 0GR[?0 TO ! =EFRONT 9 A 
RA!R %AMEFAC$ RETURN TO POLITICAL ECONOMY1 :I* *>ACT]IZES CURR5T 
B\RGEOIS ECONOMIC !ORY & PRACTICE 9 ITS NEW CONC]N ) ! 
0MACROSCOPIC0 ASPECTS ( ! ECONOMY & ITS DYNAMICS4 ,H[EV]1 
CONTR>Y TO ,M>XIAN !ORY1 B\RGEOIS !ORY HOLDS ?AT CAPITALISM HAS PROV$ 
TO BE RE=MABLE & IS N[ SECURELY ON ITS WAY TO SOLV+ ALL REMA9+ SOCIAL 
PROBLEMS4 ,!RE IS1 !N1 NO NE$ TO SEE 9 ! CLASS /RUGGLE ! MOTIVE =CE 
( SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T1 OR EV5 TO APPROA* /ILL-EXI/+ SOCIAL EVILS FROM A 
CLASS POSITION4 ,!SE EVILS MAY BE DEALT ) AS G5]AL HUMAN1 NOT 
SPECIFICALLY SOCIAL1 PROBLEMS4 7,?IS PO9T ( VIEW MAY1 BY ! WAY1 HELP 
EXPLA9 ! REC5T VOGUE ( ! SOCIALI/ HUMANISM ( ! Y\NG ,M>X1 :O 
CONSID]$ ! ALI5ATION ( LABOR 9 CAPITALISM A RESULT ( ! 
0ALI5ATION ( MAN FROM HIS TRUE NATURE40 ,?IS UN-,M>XIAN ,M>X WELL 
FITS ! WELF>E-/ATE & CAN EV5 BE US$ 9 ! IDEOLOGICAL W> AGA9/ ! 
IDEOLOGICAL ,M>XISM ( ! /ATE-CAPITALI/ ADV]S>Y47 

,AT PRES5T1 MOREOV]1 !RE EXI/S A T5D5CY TO VIEW ! DEVELOPM5TS ( 
BO? ! ,SOVIET & ,WE/]N SY/EMS AS CONV]G+ PO9T+ TO ! EV5TUAL 
E/ABLI%M5T ( A SOCIO-ECONOMIC /RUCTURE AS MU* REMOV$ FROM FREE 
5T]PRISE PR9CIPLES AS FROM ?OSE ( ! REGIM5T$ ECONOMY4 0,! 
,SOVIET SY/EM DOES NOT REMA9 ! SAME10 IT IS SAID1 0& NEI!R 
DOES ! ,WE/]N SY/EM4 ,BO? >E MOV+ & ! MOVEM5TS >E1 G5]ALLY1 
CONV]G+ ONES40.<#f.> ,IT IS NO LONG] TRUE1 ! >GUM5T GOES ON1 ?AT 
0! SY/EMS >E DIAMETRICALLY OPPOSITE10 !Y HAVE 0ALREADY 
MANY FEATURES 9 COMMON2 ELEM5TS FROM EA* CAN BE COMB9$1 LEAD+ TO NEW 
MIX$ SY/EMS40.<#g.> ,BUT :ILE BO? SY/EMS UND\BT$LY AGREE ON ! 
IMPORTANCE ( CAPITAL =MATION1 !Y DISAGREE ON ! F> MORE IMPORTANT 
QUE/ION AS TO :AT P>TICUL> SOCIAL LAY]S >E TO BE ITS B5EFICI>IES4 

,AS REG>DS ?IS QUE/ION1 NATIONALIZ$ CAPITAL IS ! OPPOSITE ( PRIVATE 
CAPITAL1 EV5 ?\< - AS REG>DS ! PRODUC]S - BO? =MS ( 
CAPITAL PRODUCTION ?RIVE ON EXPLOITATION4 ,?IS COMMON PO9T 5C\RAGES ! 
EMPTY HOPE = !IR EV5TUAL CONV]G5CE2 BUT !Y REMA9 DIVID$ ON ALL O!R 
ISSUES4 ,! NATIONALIZ$ ECONOMY IS NO LONG] A M>KET ECONOMY1 EV5 ?\< IT 
MAY RETA91 OR RE9TRODUCE1 SOME QUASI-M>KET RELATIONS SUBORD9AT$ TO 
OV]-ALL GOV]NM5T CONTROL4 ,GOOD OR BAD1 IT CAN ACTUALLY PLAN ITS PRODUCTION 
& DI/RIBUTION1 AL?\< ! NATURE ( ! PLANN+ ITSELF IS CO-DET]M9$ 
BY 9T]NAL NECESSITIES1 ! WORLD M>KET1 & ! *ANG+ REQUIREM5TS ( 
IMP]IALI/ COMPETITION4 

,! /RICTNESS ( ! OPPOSITION BETWE5 PRIVATE & GOV]NM5T [N]%IP ( 
MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 BETWE5 M>KET-DET]M9$ & CONSCI\SLY-REGULAT$ 
CAPITALI/ ECONOMY1 SEEMS TO BE CONTRADICT$ BY ! EXI/5CE ( ! 
0MIX$ ECONOMY0 & ITS PROJECTION ONTO ! 9T]NATIONAL SC5E AS 
A POSSIBLE H>MONI\S CO-EXI/5CE ( DIFF]5T SOCIAL SY/EMS4 ,YET AN 
9DEF9ITE PEACEFUL CO-EXI/5CE ( /ATE-CAPITALI/ & M>KET-ORI5T$ 
ECONOMIES IS NO LESS ILLUSORY ?AN ! 9DEF9ITE EXI/5CE ( ! 0MIX$ 
ECONOMY0 AS A M>KET-ECONOMY4 ,9 FACT1 IT IS PRECISELY ! ADVANC+ 
/ATE-CONTROL 9 ! PRIVATE-5T]PRISE ECONOMIES :I* ACC5TUATES ! 
CONFLICT BETWE5 ! TWO DIFF]5T CAPITALI/IC SY/EMS4 ,! W>S BETWE5 
ID5TICAL CAPITALI/ SY/EMS HAVE MADE IT CLE> ?AT CAPITAL COMPETITION TURNS 
9TO IMP]IALI/IC COMPETITION & ?AT W>S W\LD OCCUR EV5 IF !RE W]E NOT 
A S+LE /ATE-CAPITALI/ NATION4 ,! ,SECOND ,WORLD ,W> DEMON/RAT$ ! 
FEASIBILITY ( TEMPOR>Y ALLIANCES BETWE5 /ATE-CAPITALI/ & 
0LIB]ALI/IC0 SY/EMS ( CAPITAL PRODUCTION2 BUT IT DEMON/RAT$ 
AT ! SAME TIME !IR FUNDAM5TAL IRRECONCILABILITY1 BAS$ NOT M]ELY ON 
NEWLY->IS+ IMP]IALI/IC 9T]E/S BUT ALSO ON ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 !IR 
SOCIAL /RUCTURES4 ,F> FROM BR++ 0TRADITIONAL0 CAPITALISM 
CLOS] TO /ATE-CONTROLL$ ECONOMIES1 ! ADV5T ( ! MIX$ ECONOMY 
9T5SIFIES ! 5MITY BETWE5 ! TWO1 IF ONLY TO CURTAIL ! EXPANSION ( 
/ATE-CONTROL 9 ! M>KET ECONOMIES4 

,CAPITALISM WILL NOT TURN ITSELF 9TO /ATE-CAPITALISM2 & IT W\LD BE JU/ 
AS DIFFICULT TO MAKE A /ATE-CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION AS IT IS TO MAKE A SOCIALI/ 
REVOLUTION4 ,S9CE A CONSCI\S ORGANIZATION ( SOCIAL PRODUCTION PRESUPPOSES ! 
EXPROPRIATION ( PRIVATE CAPITAL1 ! TRANS=MATION ( ! MIX$ ECONOMY 9TO 
/ATE-CAPITALISM CAN ONLY BE A REVOLUTION>Y1 NOT AN EVOLUTION>Y1 PROCESS4 ,9 
?\<T1 ( C\RSE1 IT C\LD BE O!RWISE4 ,9 A 0DEMOCRACY10 IT IS 
NOT 5TIRELY 9CONCEIVABLE ?AT A GOV]NM5T MAY COME TO P[] COMMITT$ TO ! 
SL[ OR RAPID NATIONALIZATION ( 9DU/RY4 ,BUT SU* A GOV]NM5T W\LD BE A 
REVOLUTION>Y1 ANTI-CAPITALI/ GOV]NM5T1 9S(> AS CAPITALISM IS ID5TIFI$ 
) PRIVATE [N]%IP ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION4 ,9 ORD] TO REALIZE ITS 
PROGRAM1 IT W\LD BE =C$ TO DISPLACE ! M>KET SY/EM BY A PLANN$ SY/EM4 
,AS F> AS ! CAPITALI/S >E CONC]N$1 ?IS W\LD BE !IR DEA?-W>RANT1 & 
IT IS NOT EASILY CONCEIVABLE ?AT !Y W\LD ACCEPT IT )\T PROTE/4 ,MO/ 
LIKELY1 ! COMPLETE NATIONALIZATION ( 9DU/RY W\LD LEAD TO CIVIL W>4 ,IT IS 
FE> ( ! SOCIAL CONSEQU5CES ( EXT5SIVE NATIONALIZATION :I* PREV5TS 
?OSE IDEOLOGICALLY COMMITT$ TO IT FROM ACTUALLY ATTEMPT+ ITS 
REALIZATION4 

,AL?\< !RE IS NO PREC$5T1 IT IS NOT 9CONCEIVABLE ?AT A 
/ATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EM C\LD BE 9/ITUT$ ) CAPITALI/ CONS5T2 ! MIX$ 
ECONOMY W\LD !N HAVE BE5 A /EP 9 ?IS DIRECTION4 ,KEYNESIAN RE=MS & 
POLITICAL MOVEM5TS ASSOCIAT$ ) !M MAY BR+ AB\T A 0SOCIAL 
CLIMATE0 9 :I* ! NATIONALIZATION ( ESS5TIAL 9DU/RIES MAY APPE> 
9ESCAPABLE1 OR EV5 A GOOD ?+ TO A MAJORITY ( CAPITALI/S4 ,>RANGEM5TS 
MAY BE MADE TO SAFE GU>D PROP]TY RI<TS 9 T]MS ( 9COME :ILE DELEGAT+ 
CONTROL ( PRODUCTION TO NATIONAL AG5CIES4 ,V>I\S 0SOCIALIZATION0 
S*EMES1 BAS$ ON CAPITAL-COMP5SATION1 >E AIM$ T[>D ?IS 5D - TO BE 
A*IEV$ )9 ! LEGAL /RUCTURE ( POLITICAL DEMOCRACY4 ,NATIONALIZATION ( 
9DU/RY1 H[EV]1 NO MATT] H[ CAPITAL [N]S MAY BE COMP5SAT$1 AM\NTS TO 
!IR ABDICATION AS A RUL+ CLASS2 UNLESS1 ( C\RSE1 !Y REGA9 ?IS 
POSITION AS MEMB]S ( GOV]NM5T4 ,COMP5SATIONS >E BAS$ ON ! VALUE ( ! 
CAPITAL TURN$ OV] TO ! ,/ATE4 ,BUT ACCUMULATION N[ BECOMES ! ACCUMULATION 
( NATIONAL CAPITAL & DECISIONS OV] ! EMPLOYM5T ( SURPLUS VALUE BECOME 
! DECISIONS ( GOV]NM5T4 ,COMP5SATION COMES \T ( SURPLUS-VALUE BUT CANNOT 
BE PRODUCTIVELY ACCUMULAT$ TO PRIVATE ACC\NT4 ,! 9COME IT REPRES5TS IS 
SECUR$ BY NO?+ BUT ! GOOD WILL ( GOV]NM5T & ! LATT] MAY AT ANY 
TIME REPUDIATE ?IS CLAIM TO UNE>N$ 9COME & COMPLETE ! EXPROPRIATION ( 
PRIVATE CAPITAL4 ,:E!R BY CONS5T OR BY REVOLUTION1 ! NATIONALIZATION ( 
CAPITAL 5DS ! CLASS RULE ( PRIVATE CAPITAL4 

,! DISCIPLES ( /ATE-CAPITALISM CAN IF !Y WI% HAVE AN EASY TIME 
RECOGNIZ+ ! 9CONSI/5CIES & AIMLESSNESS ( ! NEO-LIB]ALISM ( ! 
0MIX$ ECONOMIES40 ,!Y CAN PO9T TO ! FACT ?AT CAPITALISM IS 
CONT9U\SLY *ANG+ 9 ! DIRECTION ( /ATE-CAPITALISM4 ,= A LONG TIME1 
H[EV]1 !Y W]E NOT WILL+ TO CONCEIVE ( PEACEFUL ABDICATION BY P[] 
GR\PS 9 ! 9T]E/ ( ! G5]AL DEVELOPM5TAL TR5D4 ,! ,BOL%EVIKS1 = 
9/ANCE1 NEV] HAD ! ILLUSION ( A FRICTIONLESS SIDE-BY-SIDE DEVELOPM5T ( 
CAPITALISM & 0SOCIALISM10 N\RI%$ BY ! W> ALLIANCES BETWE5 
DEMOCRATIC & TOTALIT>IAN NATIONS & BY ! GR[+ 0SIMIL>ITY0 
BETWE5 ! ,KEYNESIAN WELF>E-/ATE & ! /ATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EM4 ,!Y W]E 
CONV9C$ ?AT ! TRANS=MATION ( A P>TLY-CONTROLL$ SOCIAL SY/EM ( 
CAPITAL PRODUCTION 9TO AU?ORIT>IAN /ATE-CAPITALISM 9VOLV$ SOCIAL 
/RUGGLES1 & IF !Y 5VISION$ A FUTURE WORLD-UNITY1 !Y SAW IT 9 ! 
IMAGE ( !IR [N SOCIAL SY/EM & ?US DE F5D$ ! LATT] AS MU* = ! 
SAKE ( 0WORLD-REVOLUTION0 AS = ITS [N SAKE4 ,CONV9C$ ( !IR 
PROGRESSIVE CALL+1 !IRS IS AN OPTIMI/IC ATTITUDE & !IR POLICY IS 
0DYNAMIC0 9 CONTRA/ TO ! NEO-LIB]AL ATTEMPT TO >RE/ ! 
DEVELOPM5T AT :ATEV] P>TICUL> PO9T IT HAPP5S TO F9D ITSELF4 

,( C\RSE1 LIKE ANY SOCIAL GR\P1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS TOO CAN BL[ HOT OR COLD4 
0,CO-EXI/5CE0 ALL[S = A V>IETY ( 9T]PRETATIONS & SO DOES 
! CONT5T & /RATEGY ( 0,M>XISM40 ,! LATT] HAS (T5 BE5 
PLAY$ D[N4 ,?IS WAS ! POLICY DUR+ ! ,SECOND ,WORLD ,W>1 = 9/ANCE1 TO 
ALL[ ! ,GR& ,ALLIANCE TO DISCOV] A PREVI\SLY NON-EXI/5T H>MONY BETWE5 
,RUSSIA & ! ANTI-,NAZI ,WE/]N WORLD - & ?IS POLICY ALSO SUIT$ 
,RUSSIA'S 9T]NAL NE$S1 AS %E REQUIR$ AT ?AT TIME A RETURN TO 
TRADITIONAL IDEOLOGIES TO SUPPORT ! W> ( 0NATIONAL LIB]ATION40 
,ON ! O!R H&1 ) ! 5D ( ! W> & ! EXT5SION ( ,RUSSIA'S 
P[] ! OPPOSITIONAL *>ACT] ( ,BOL%EVIK IDEOLOGY & PRACTICE WAS 
/RESS$ ONCE MORE & ,RUSSIAN 0COMMUNISM0 WAS REVIV$ ) ! 
HELP ( ,WE/]N 0ANTI-COMMUNISM40 ,BUT AT ! TIME ( ,/AL9'S 
DEMISE ,RUSSIA TOOK ! 9ITIATIVE 9 ATTEMPT+ TO MOD]ATE ! WORLD 
SITUATION4 ,9 VIEW ( ! PREC>I\S 9T]NATIONAL SITUATION & ! /ILL MORE 
PREC>I\S CONDITIONS 9 ,RUSSIA1 ,/AL9'S DEA? WAS AN EV5T CAPABLE ( 
LEAD+ TO GREAT DI/URBANCES 9T]NALLY & ABROAD4 ,HIS SUCCESSORS S\<T A 
R$UCTION ( T5SIONS 9 BO? >EAS - 9 ! FIR/1 BY SCRAPP+ ! 
9T]NAL C\RSE PLANN$ BY ,/AL92.<#h.> 9 ! SECOND1 BY AN APP>5T WILL+NESS TO OP5 
! 0SOCIALI/0 M>KET TO CAPITALI/ TRADE4.<#i.> 

,CONCORD BETWE5 ,RUSSIA & ! ,WE/]N WORLD IS1 ( C\RSE1 ! HOPE ( 
PEOPLE HORRIFI$ BY ! PROSPECT ( A NEW & MORE DEVA/AT+ W>1 & ( 
?OSE :O 5VISION A FUTURE RECONCILIATION BETWE5 ,EA/ & ,WE/ ON ECONOMIC 
GR\NDS4 ,!Y RECOGNIZE ?AT ANY RAPPORT DEM&S DECISIVE *ANGES 9 BO? ! 
,EA/ & ! ,WE/ & !Y TRY TO HELP !M ALONG BY DEVELOP+ ! APPROPRIATE 
IDEOLOGY4 ,!Y T5D TO BELIEVE ?AT ! 9DU/RIALIZATION ( TOTALIT>IAN 
NATIONS & !IR 9CREAS+ ABILITY TO TRADE WILL TRANS =M !M 9TO MORE 
DEMOCRATIC SY/EMS MORE AK9 TO MOD]N WELF>E CAPITALISM4 ,A P>TIAL 
AB&ONM5T ( 0,M>XISM0 IS URG$ UPON ! ,RUSSIANS 9 ! 9T]E/ 
( !IR [N SURVIVAL & F9AL SUCCESS4 0,M>XISM = \R TIME10 IT 
IS SAID1 EXHAU/S ITSELF 9 A FULL EMPLOYM5T PROGRAM1 ?\< NOT NECESS>ILY 
9 ! ,KEYNESIAN FA%ION4 ,BUT AS PRIVATE CAPITAL RELATIONS >E DECL9+ 
ANYWAY1 !RE IS NO NE$ TO /RESS ! 9EVITABLE4 ,! G5]AL TR5D 9 ! 
DIRECTION ( A REGULAT$ ECONOMY WILL ON ITS [N ACCORD S]VE ,BOL%EVISM BETT] 
?AN A S5SELESS H>P+ ON BY-GONE ISSUES ( EXPROPRIATION & CAPITALI/ 
COLLAPSE4 ,& IF ! ,RUSSIANS >E NOT ABLE TO *ANGE !IR IDEOLOGY1 !Y 
%\LD AT LEA/ GRANT O!RS :AT !Y D5Y !MSELVES4 ,M>XI/ PROPAG&A 9 
! OLD CAPITALI/ C\NTRIES1 IT IS PO9T$ \T1 0W\LD NOT NECESS>ILY 
LOSE 9 IMPRESSIVE /R5G? W]E IT CLE>LY /AT$ TO NON-,RUSSIANS1 
NON-,*9ESE1 ETC41 ?AT ! FUR!R EVOLUTION ( !IR NATIONAL WAYS ( LIFE 
CANNOT SIMPLY BE D]IV$ FROM ! EXP]I5CES MADE BY CIVILIZATIONS ) A 
COMPLETELY DIFF]5T BACKGR\ND40.<#a.> ,9 ?IS VIEW1 ,BOL%EVIK PROPAG&A W\LD BE MORE 
SUCCESSFUL 0IF ! CLAIMS = MAXIMUM REALIZATION ( ! ORIG9AL ,M>XI/ 
PATT]N W]E DROPP$10 BECAUSE ) ! REC$+ ( ! EGALIT>IAN 
APPROA* 9 ! ,M>XI/ CAMP1 ! DESIRE 0= :OLESALE NATIONALIZATION1 
AS DI/9CT FROM ?AT ( ! COMM&+ HEI<TS ( ECONOMICS1 HAS LO/ ITS 
RAISON D'ETRE40.<#a#a.> 

,BY LOOK+ AT ! H&S ( ,BOL%EVISM RA!R ?AN ITS M\?1 ,WE/]N CAPITAL 
MAY !N F9D LITTLE REASON TO OPPOSE ! TOTALIT>IANS1 BECAUSE !IR SOCIAL 
SY/EM SEEMS NOT TOO DIFF]5T FROM ! FUTURE ( ITS [N4 ,?IS IS NOT A 
ONE-SID$ MATT]1 ( C\RSE1 = :ILE ! ,WE/]N WORLD T5DS TO ADOPT MANY ( 
! 9NOVATIONS ( /ATE-CAPITALISM1 ! ,BOL%EVIK ,EA/ SEEMS TO ADAPT ITSELF 
TO ! WAYS ( ! ,WE/4 0,?US SOME IDEAS :I* SPRANG FROM E>LY 
,COMMUNI/ PREF]5CES BUT PROV$ DIFFICULT TO APPLY HAVE BE5 GIV5 UP4 ,IT IS 
NO LONG] HELD ?AT WORK]S CAN MANAGE PRODUCTIVE UNITS BY !MSELVES1 ?AT ALL 
9COMES %\LD BE MORE OR LESS EQUAL1 OR ?AT MONEY IS SUP]FLU\S4 ,9COMES >E 
GE>$ TO PRODUCTIVITY & MONEY CONCEPTS >E 9CREAS+LY US$ 9 PLANN+4 
,9T]E/1 ?\< NOT RECOGNIZ$ AS A POSSIBLE S\RCE ( PRIVATE 9COME1 HAS 
GRADUALLY BE5 ACCEPT$ AS REPRES5T+ A REAL CO/ ELEM5T4 

,! VALUE ( AN 9T]NATIONAL EX*ANGE ( PRODUCTS HAS BE5 9CREAS+LY 
UND]/OOD & SOME AUT>KIC PREF]5CES WEAK5$4 ,SOME DEC5TRALIZATION 9 
ECONOMIC DECISION-MAK+ HAS BE5 9TRODUC$ & CONSUMPTION HAS BE5 GIV5 
MORE ATT5TION 9 ! NEW P>TY PROGRAM4 ,MA!MATICAL ME?ODS 9 ECONOMIC 
PLANN+1 AT FIR/ CONSID]$ 'B\RGEOIS'1 >E N[ 9CREAS+LY 
APPLI$40.<#a#b.> 

,H[EV]1 JU/ AS IT IS HI<LY IMPROBABLE ?AT 9 ! ABS5CE ( SOCIAL 
REVOLUTION1 ! M>KET ECONOMY WILL SL[LY TRANS=M ITSELF 9TO A PLANN$ 
ECONOMY1 SO IT IS EQUALLY IMPROBABLE ?AT A ONCE-NATIONALIZ$ ECONOMY WILL 
RETURN TO CAPITALI/ M>KET RELATIONS4 ,! RE/ORATION ( ! M>KET W\LD MEAN 
! RE/ORATION1 DE FACTO IF NOT DE JURE1 ( PRIVATE CAPITAL4 ,9 ! 
,WE/]N CAPITALI/ NATIONS !RE EXI/S ! FALSE CONCEPT ( A 
0PEOPLE'S CAPITALISM10 BY :I* IS MEANT A SY/EM :]E9 A 
WIDE DISP]SAL ( /OCK-[N]%IP RESULTS 9 A DIVISION BETWE5 ! [N]%IP 
& ! CONTROL ( CAPITAL4 ,! ALLEG$ DIVORCE BETWE5 [N]%IP & CONTROL 
SUPPOS$LY TURNS ! NON-[N+ MANAG]S ( 9DU/RY 9TO ACT+ CAPITALI/S4 
,IF ! FUNCTIONS ( ! CAPITALI/S CAN BE EX]CIS$ BY MANAGEM5T )\T 
[N]%IP1 ! REW>DS ( [N]%IP MAY ALSO BECOME ! REW>DS ( MANAGEM5T4 
,AL?\< H>DLY LIKELY1 IT IS NOT 9CONCEIVABLE ?AT ! MANAG]S ( ,RUSSIAN 
9DU/RY1 9 COLLABORATION ) ! GOV]NM5T & ) ! CONS5T ( L>GE 
LAY]S ( ! POPULATION1 MI<T PROCE$ TO RE/ORE A COMPETITIVE M>KET ECONOMY 
BAS$ ON PR(IT PRODUCTION1 9 ! S5SE ?AT EA* 5T]PRISE W\LD OP]ATE AS 
ANY PRIVATE 5T]PRISE DOES 9 ! ,WE/4 ,AS BE=E1 GOV]NM5T W\LD SIPHON (F 
! EQUIVAL5T ( ITS [N REQUIREM5TS FROM BO? PAID & UNPAID LABOR BY WAY 
( TAXES4 ,BUT ?IS W\LD CON/ITUTE A PRIVATE-CAPITALI/ C\NT]-REVOLUTION 
UND] ! GUISE ( A 0MANAG]IAL REVOLUTION10 & W\LD AT ONCE 
RE9TRODUCE 9TO ! ,RUSSIAN ECONOMY ALL ! CONTRADICTIONS :I* >E IMMAN5T 
9 COMPETITIVE PRIVATE CAPITAL PRODUCTION4.<#a#c.> 

,:AT A PRIVATE-5T]PRISE ECONOMY CAN 5GAGE 91 %ORT ( SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 
IS A =M ( PSEUDO-PLANN+1 & :AT ! NATIONALIZ$ ECONOMY CAN RE/ORE1 
%ORT ( SOCIAL C\NT]-REVOLUTION1 IS SOME SORT ( PSEUDO-M>KET4 ,EI!R CASE1 
?AT ( SPURI\S PLANN+ OR ?AT ( SPURI\S M>KET COMPETITION1 9DICATES ! 
EXI/5CE ( DIFFICULTIES )9 ! M>KET SY/EM OR )9 ! PLANN$ 
ECONOMY4 ,9 COMBAT+ !SE DIFFICULTIES1 H[EV]1 ! USE ( 9/RUM5TALITIES 
:I* - DESPITE !IR POSSIBLE TEMPOR>Y USEFULNESS - >E =EIGN 
TO ! RESPECTIVE SY/EMS & !IR SPECIAL NE$S WILL HAVE TO BE >RE/$ 9 
TIME IF ! SY/EM'S BASIC *>ACT]I/ICS >E TO BE SECUR$4 ,!RE IS NO 
CONGRU5CY BETWE5 ! PLANN$ & ! M>KET SY/EMS1 EV5 ?\< SOME 
ECONOMIC-TE*NICAL >RANGEM5TS1 9 DI/9CTION TO SOCIO-ECONOMIC RELATIONS1 
MAY BE COMMON TO BO?4 

,ALL ! /ATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EMS RESEMBLE ! CAPITALI/ M>KET ECONOMY 9 
!IR MA9T5ANCE ( CAPITAL-LABOR RELATIONS & !IR USE ( CAPITALI/IC 
BUS9ESS ME?ODS4 ,9/EAD ( BE+ [N$ BY CAPITALI/S1 ! MEANS ( 
PRODUCTION >E N[ CONTROLL$ BY GOV]NM5TS4 ,! LATT] SET A C]TA9 VALUE 
79 MONEY T]MS7 ON PRODUCTIVE RES\RCES & EXPECT A GREAT] VALUE 79 MONEY 
T]MS7 FOLL[+ ! 9T]M$I>Y ( PRODUCTION4 ,MONEY WAGES >E PAID TO ! 
WORK]S1 :OSE FUNCTION IT IS TO CREATE A VALUE GREAT] ?AN ?AT REPRES5T$ 
BY !IR WAGES4 ,?IS SURPLUS IS ALLOCAT$ 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! DECISIONS ( 
GOV]NM5TS4 ,IT FE$S ! NON-WORK+ POPULATION1 SECURES NATIONAL DEF5SE1 
TAKES C>E ( PUBLIC REQUIREM5TS1 & IS RE-9VE/$ 9 ADDITIONAL CAPITAL4 
,ALL ECONOMIC TRANSACTIONS EI!R >E EX*ANGE-TRANSACTIONS OR APPE> AS SU*4 
,LABOR-P[] IS SOLD TO MANAGEM5T ( SOME 5T]PRISES & WAGES BUY COMMODITIES 
FROM MANAGEM5T ( O!R 5T]PRISES4 ,!RE IS QUASI-TRADE BETWE5 ! 
MANAGEM5T ( SOME 5T]PRISES & ! MANAGEM5T ( O!R 5T]PRISES1 LIKE 
?AT :I* IS C>RI$ ON BETWE5 ! V>I\S DIVISIONS ( L>GE CORPORATIONS 9 
ALL CAPITALI/ NATIONS & :I* REA*ES ITS COMPLETE =M 9 ! FULLY 
C5TRALIZ$ ,/ATE ECONOMY4 ,=MALLY1 !RE IS NOT MU* DIFF]5CE BETWE5 
PRIVATE-5T]PRISE & /ATE-CONTROLL$ ECONOMIES1 EXCEPT = ! 
LATT]'S C5TRALIZ$ CONTROL OV] ! SURPLUS-PRODUCT4 

,ALL ACTUALLY-EXI/+ /ATE-CONTROLL$ SY/EMS W]E1 OR >E1 TO BE F\ND 9 
CAPITAL-POOR NATIONS4 ,! FIR/ REQUIREM5T ( SU* NATIONS IS ! =MATION ( 
CAPITAL1 A PRESUPPOSITION = !IR NATIONAL 9DEP5D5CE & A PRECONDITION 
= ! 9T5D$ SOCIALIZATION ( PRODUCTION & DI/RIBUTION4 ,B\ND MORE OR 
LESS 7DEP5D+ ON ! C\NTRY & ITS P>TICUL> SITUATION7 TO ! CAPITALI/ 
09T]NATIONAL DIVISION ( LABOR10 !Y MU/ RELATE !IR ECONOMIES 
TO WORLD M>KET CONDITIONS & P>TAKE 9 9T]NATIONAL COMM]CIAL COMPETITION4 
,?IS LIMITS OR EXCLUDES ANY DESIRE !Y MAY HAVE NOT TO MAKE ! MONEY-ECONOMY 
& ITS EXPANSION ! MOTIVE =CE ( !IR ACTIVITIES4 

,! 0SOCIALIZATION0 ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION IS H]E /ILL 
ONLY ! NATIONALIZATION ( CAPITAL AS CAPITAL4 ,?\< PRIVATE [N]%IP NO 
LONG] EXI/S1 ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION /ILL HAVE ! *>ACT] ( CAPITAL 
BECAUSE !Y >E CONTROLL$ BY GOV]NM5T 9/EAD ( BE+ AT ! DISPOSAL ( 
! :OLE ( SOCIETY4 ,AL?\< PRIVATE CAPITAL ACCUMULATION IS N[ EXCLUD$1 
! EXPLOITATION ( M5 BY M5 CONT9UES BY WAY ( AN UNEQUAL SY/EM ( 
DI/RIBUTION 9 BO? ! CONDITIONS ( PRODUCTION & ! CONDITIONS ( 
CONSUMPTION4 ,?IS 9EQUALITY P]PETUATES COMPETITION AS A /RUGGLE = ! MORE 
LUCRATIVE POSITIONS & BETT]-PAID JOBS1 & C>RIES ! SOCIAL ANTAGONISMS ( 
CAPITALISM 9TO ! /ATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EM4 

,/ATE-CAPITALISM IS /ILL A 0SURPLUS-VALUE0 PRODUC+ SY/EM1 
BUT IT IS NO LONG] A SY/EM :I* F9DS ITS 0REGULATION0 ?R\< 
M>KET COMPETITION & CRISIS4 ,! SURPLUS-PRODUCT NO LONG] REQUIRES M>KET 
COMPETITION 9 ORD] TO BE REALIZ$ AS PR(IT2 IT D]IVES ITS SPECIFIC MAT]IAL 
*>ACT]1 & ITS DI/RIBUTION1 FROM CONSCI\S DECISIONS ON ! P>T ( ! 
/ATE'S PLANN+ AG5CIES4 ,?AT !SE DECISIONS >E CO-DET]M9$ BY 
9T]NATIONAL ECONOMIC & POLITICAL COMPETITION & BY ! REQUIREM5TS ( 
ACCUMULATION DOES NOT ALT] ! FACT ?AT ! LACK ( AN 9T]NAL CAPITAL 
M>KET DEM&S A C5TRALLY-DET]M9$ DIRECT SY/EM ( DECISION-MAK+ ) 
REG>D TO ! ALLOCATION ( ! TOTAL SOCIAL LABOR & ! DI/RIBUTION ( ! 
TOTAL SOCIAL PRODUCT4 

,UND] !SE CONDITIONS1 ! USE ( QUASI-M>KET RELATIONS IS A CONV5I5CE1 
SO TO SPEAK1 NOT A NECESSITY1 EV5 ?\< IT MAY HAVE BE5 =C$ UPON ! 
/ATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EMS BY CIRCUM/ANCES !Y W]E UNWILL+ TO RESI/4 ,9 ! 
,U4,S4,S4,R41 = EXAMPLE1 ! QUASI M>KET RELATIONS PROVIDE 5T]PRISES ) A 
QUASI-AUTONOMY CONSUM]S ) A QUASI-FRE$OM ( *OICE ( CONSUMPTION1 & 
WORK]S ) A QUASI-*OICE ( OCCUPATION4 ,BUT ALL !SE QUASI-M>KET RELATIONS 
>E SUBORD9AT$ TO OV]-ALL DIRECTION BY GOV]NM5T4 

,)9 DEF9ITE LIMITS1 ?IS RE/RICT$ 0FREE PLAY0 ( M>KET 
=CES CAN BE EXT5D$ OR CONTRACT$ )\T S]I\SLY AFFECT+ ! PLANN+ 
SY/EM AS SU*4 ,IT IS PRES5TLY BE+ EXT5D$1 9 ! BELIEF ?AT ?IS WILL 
MAKE = GREAT] 0EFFICI5CY0 )\T DIM9I%+ ! EFFECTIV5ESS 
( ! PLANN+ SY/EM4 ,?IS 9VOLVES SOME DEC5TRALIZATION ( ! 
DECISION-MAK+ PROCESS & MORE SELF-DET]M9ATION = 9DIVIDUAL 5T]PRISES 
- 9 SUPPORT ( ! OV]ALL DIRECTION ( ! ECONOMY AS A :OLE4 ,! GOAL 
IS NOT TO *ANGE ! *>ACT] ( ! ECONOMY BUT M]ELY TO PROVIDE IT ) 
GREAT] PR(ITABILITY ?R\< A MORE EXT5SIVE USE ( CAPITALI/IC TE*NIQUES 
( 9C5TIVES4 

,9DIVIDUAL 5T]PRISES >E GIV5 MORE LEEWAY 9 DET]M9+ !IR PRODUCTION 
PROCESSES1 SO AS TO FULFILL & EXCELL !IR PLANN$ PRODUCTION QUOTAS2 A 
GREAT] REG>D = CONSUM]S' PREF]5CES IS EXPECT$ TO AID PRODUCTION 
PLANS & TO ELIM9ATE WA/E2 9T]E/ *>GES ON BORR[$ CAPITAL >E SUPPOS$ 
TO LEAD TO GREAT] RATIONALITY 9 9VE/M5T DECISIONS2 WAGE DIFF]5CES )9 
! PLANT >E LEFT TO SOME EXT5T TO ! DISCRETION ( MANAGEM5T2 PORTIONS ( 
! PR(ITS MADE ?R\< HI<] PRODUCTIVITY & IMPROV$ ORGANIZATION MAY BE 
RETA9$ BY MANAGEM5T & REFLECT$ 9 WAGE 9 CREASES4 ,!SE & O!R 
09NOVATIONS0 >E 9T5D$ TO ACC5TUATE :AT HAS ALWAYS EXI/$1 
NAMELY1 ! USE ( CAPITALI/IC 9C5TIVES 9 /ATE-CAPITALI/ ECONOMY4 ,!Y DO 
NOT AFFECT ! CONTROL ( 9VE/M5TS BY GOV]NM5T1 NOR ITS CONTROL ( TOTAL 
SOCIAL PRODUCTION & ITS DIVISION 9 ACCORDANCE ) A G5]AL PLAN4 ,:]EV] 
! \TCOME ( !SE 09NOVATIONS0 DOES NOT SUIT ! G5]AL PLAN1 
A GOV]NM5T VETO CAN *ANGE ! SITUATION EI!R BY DECREE OR ?R\< A *ANGE 
9 PRIC+ POLICIES4 ,! LIMIT$ 0FREE M>KET0 CAN AT ANY TIME BE 
SUSP5D$ BY ! REAL P[] RELATIONS :I* /& BEH9D ! PSEUDO-M>KET 
RELATIONS4 

,IT %\LD BE OBVI\S 9 ANY CASE ?AT AT A TIME :5 NOT EV5 ! PRIVATE 
5T]PRISE SY/EMS >E ABLE TO EXI/ EXCEPT ?R\< EXT5SIVE GOV]NM5T 
9T]V5TION1 NO /ATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EM WILL F9D ITSELF ON ! ROAD ( RETURN 
TO PRIVATE-5T]PRISE4 ,9 FACT1 ! ONLY ADVANTAGE ( ! LATT] OV] ! 
=M] TYPE ( SY/EM CONSI/S 9 ITS COMPLETE CONTROL OV] ECONOMIC AFFAIRS1 
:I* COMP5SATES = ITS ECONOMIC 9EFFECTIV5ESS VIS-A-VIS ! 
HI<LY-DEVELOP$ PRIVATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EMS4 ,! /ATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EM DOES 
NOT SUFF] ?AT P>TICUL> CONTRADICTION BETWE5 PR(ITABLE & NON-PR(ITABLE 
PRODUCTION :I* PLAGUES PRIVATE-PROP]TY CAPITALISM1 & :I* (F]S IT AS AN 
ALT]NATIVE TO /AGNATION ONLY ITS SL[ DE/RUCTION4 ,) ?IS DE/RUCTION 
ALREADY BEH9D ITSELF1 ! /ATE-CAPITALI/ SY/EM MAY PRODUCE PR(ITABLY & 
NON-PR(ITABLY1 )\T FAC+ /AGNATION4 

  

#a4 ,A4 ,A4 ,B]LE1 ,JR41 ,ECONOMIC ,P[] & ! ,FREE ,SOCIETY1 ,NEW ,YORK1 #a#i#e#g1 P4 #a#e4 

#b4 ,IBID41 P4 #a#c4 

#c4 ,! ,ECONOMI/1 ,LONDON1 ,OCTOB] #a#f1 #a#i#e#d4 

#d4 ,! ,SECRET ,DI>Y ( ,H>OLD ,L4 ,ICKES4 ,! ,FIR/ #a ,DAYS1 #a#i#c#c-#c#f1 ,NEW ,YORK1 #a#i#e#c1 P4 #a#d4 

#e4 ,G4 ,CASSEL1 0,! ,ROLE ( ,CAPITAL 9 ! ,NATIONAL ,ECONOMY10 ,SKANNAVISKA ,BANK51 ,QU>T]LY ,REVIEW1 ,JANU>Y1 #a#i#d#e4 

#f4 ,J4 ,T9B]G51 ,%AP+ ! ,WORLD ,ECONOMY1 ,NEW ,YORK1 #a#i#f#b1 P4 #c#d4 

#g4 ,IBID41 P4 #c#i4 

#h4 ,ACCORD+ TO HIS LA/ WRIT+S ON ! ,ECONOMIC ,PROBLEMS ( ,SOCIALISM 9 ! ,U4,S4,S4,R4 7,NEW ,YORK1 #a#i#e#b71 ,/AL9 ?\<T ?AT 9TRA-CAPITALI/ RIVALRIES W\LD GRANT ,RUSSIA TIME & OPPORTUNITY TO SPE$ UP H] PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY BY WAY ( A FUR!R /R5G!N+ ( /ATE CONTROL4 ,9 HIS EYES1 ,RUSSIAN SOCIALISM WAS /ILL WEAK BECAUSE ! GOV]NM5T CONTROLL$ COLLECTIVE-F>M PROP]TY ONLY 9COMPLETELY4 0,9 ORD] TO RAISE COLLECTIVE-F>M PROP]TY TO ! LEVEL ( PUBLIC PROP]TY10 HE WROTE1 0! SURPLUS COLLECTIVE F>M \TPUT MU/ BE EXCLUD$ FROM ! SY/EM ( COMMODITY-CIRCULATION & 9CLUD$ 9 ! SY/EM ( PRODUCTS-EX*ANGE BETWE5 ! /ATE-9DU/RY & ! COLLECTIVE F>MS40 7P4 #g7 ,?IS WAS AN EXPRESSION ( DISSATISFACTION ) ! EXI/+ RATE ( F>M LABOR EXPLOITATION4 ,&1 AS IT IS CLE> ?AT 9 A /ILL L>GELY AGRICULTURAL NATION AN 9CREAS$ RATE ( 9DU/RIAL EXPANSION DEP5DS ON 9CREAS$ PR(ITABILITY ( AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION1 ,/AL9'S /ATEM5T =MULAT$ A POLICY DETRIM5TAL TO ! 9T]E/S ( F>M LABOR4 ,A PREOCCUPATION ) ! AGRICULTURAL PROBLEM ALSO *>ACT]IZES PO/-,/AL9I/ REGIMES4 ,BUT ! LATT] DO NOT SEEM TO D>E TO BASE !IR POLICIES ON ! ASSUMPTION ( A PROLONG$ P]IOD ( PEACE4 ,IF W> IS IMM95T IT W\LD BE UNWISE1 9 !IR VIEWS1 TO ALI5ATE ! F>M POPULATION2 IF W> IS NOT IMM95T1 MORE PALATABLE1 IF SL[]1 ME?ODS MAY BE US$ TO 9CREASE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION4 ,MO/ ( ALL1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO ASSURE A PROLONG$ PEACE4 

#i4 ,9 ,/AL9'S VIEW1 ! BREAKD[N ( ! WORLD M>KET L$ TO ! RISE ( 0TWO WORLD-M>KETS1 CONFRONT+ ONE ANO!R10 AS SOCIALISM & CAPITALISM DO4 ,HE PR$ICT$ ?AT ! NATIONS ( ! 0SOCIALI/ CAMP0 W\LD SOON 0NOT ONLY BE 9 NO NE$ TO IMPORT FROM CAPITALI/ C\NTRIES1 BUT WILL !MSELVES FEEL ! NECESSITY ( F9D+ \TSIDE M>KETS = !IR SURPLUS PRODUCTS10 :I* W\LD 9CREASE ! CAPITALI/S' DIFFICULTIES & LEAD TO NEW W>S BETWE5 ! CAPITALI/ NATIONS4 7,ECONOMIC ,PROBLEMS ( ,SOCIALISM 9 ! ,U4,S4,S4,R41 P4 #b#f74 ,:AT IS IMPLI$ H]E IS A PROGRAM ( 0AUT>*Y0 = ! ,EA/]N P[] BLOC1 & BEYOND ?AT1 A P]PETRATION ( ! 0COLD W>0 9 ! SPH]E ( 9T]NATIONAL TRADE4 ,AGA9/ ?IS POLICY1 ,/AL9'S SUCCESSORS PROCLAIM$ A GREAT 9T]E/ 9 ! /R5G!N+ ( 9T]NATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS 9 ORD] TO EASE 9T]NATIONAL T5SIONS4 

#a4 ,R4 ,S*LES+]1 ,M>X3 ,HIS ,TIME & ,\RS1 ,NEW ,YORK1 #a#i#e1 P4 #b#i#c4 

#a#a4 ,IBID41 P4 #c#f#i4 

#a#b4 ,J4 ,T9B]G51 ,%AP+ ! ,WORLD ,ECONOMY1 P4 #c#d4 

#a#c4 ,! ,YUGOSLAV 0M>KET SOCIALISM10 = 9/ANCE1 9 :I* A COMB9ATION ( ,WORK]S' ,C\NCILS & PR(ESSIONAL MANAGEM5T RUNS 9DU/RIAL & COMM]CIAL 5T]PRISES 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! PR(ITABILITY PR9CIPLE & 9 COMPETITION ) O!R 5T]PRISES1 & :]E AGRICULTURE IS MA9LY C>RI$ ON BY PRIVATE PEASANTS1 SUFF]S ALL ! CONTRADICTIONS *>ACT]I/IC ( CAPITALI/IC M>KET RELATIONS1 SU* AS DISPROPORTIONAL DEVELOPM5T1 BUS9ESS FAILURES1 UNEMPLOYM5T1 & ! UPS & D[NS ( ! BUS9ESS CYCLE4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #c1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #b -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/