,MANIFE/O TO ! ,SOCIALI/S & ! PEOPLE ( ,ITALY & PROGRAM ( ! ,ITALIAN AN>*I/ SOCIALI/ P>TY 
,RESOLUTIONS ( ! ,ITALIAN ,SOCIALI/ ,CONGRESS ( ,CAPOLAGO 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANONYM\S 

,TEXT 3 

,! ,CONGRESS ( ,CAPOLAGO4 

,TO ! ,SOCIALI/S & ! PEOPLE ( ,ITALY4 

,OLD & YET NEW IS ! /ORY ( ! POPUL> MIS]IES4 ,SLAVE1 S]VANT OR WAGE-E>N]1 ! PEOPLE HAS ALWAYS WORK$ = O!RS1 HAS ALWAYS BE5 ! BEA/ ( BURD5 OR SLAU<T] ( A PRIVILEG$ FEW4 ,! UPRIS+S HAVE SUCCE$$ ! UPRIS+S1 ! SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS HAVE *ANG$1 ! =M ( D5OM9ATION HAS *ANG$1 SOME M9IMAL FRACTIONS ( ! PEOPLE HAVE SUCCE$$ 9 EMANCIPAT+ !MSELVES & BE+ WELCOM$ AMONG ! RUL+ CLASSES2 BUT ! CONDITIONS ( ! MASS HAVE ALWAYS REMA9$ ESS5TIALLY ! SAME4 ,MADE TOOL ( PRODUCTION TO ! ADVANTAGE ( O!RS1 IT ALWAYS REMA9$ SUBJECT TO ! CONDITIONS ( PRODUCTION2 & ITS POSITION 9 ! MAT]IAL & ! MORAL FOLL[$ ! VICISSITUDES ( ! WAYS ( PRODUCTION1 & IS L[]$ OR RAIS$ DEP5D+ ON ! YE> ( PRODUCTION FAVOR$ OR H9D]$ ITS DEVELOPM5T1 & REQUIR+ MORE OR LESS 9TELLIG5CE OR AUTOMATION4 

,A RADICAL & LA/+ REM$Y TO ! MIS]Y ( ! WORK] C\LD NOT BE F\ND1 S9CE ITS CAUSES W]E IGNOR$4 

,BUT LITTLE BY LITTLE1 EXP]I5CE FALLACI\S ALL ! WAYS ( EMANCIPATION SO F> ATTEMPT$1 HAD GLIMPS$ ! REAL S\RCE ( SOCIAL ILLS1 & CAME FROM ! V]Y BOSOM ( ! PEOPLE1 HELP$ BY ?9K]S FAIR1 A NEW CONCEPT BY PO9T+ TO ! CAUSES ( MIS]Y & SUBJECTION & ! MEANS TO ELIM9ATE !M4 HE 5LI<T5$ ! :OLE FIELD ( SOCIAL /RUGGLE ) NEW LI<T4 

,! PRES5T SOCIETY IS ! CONSEQU5CE ( ! /RUGGLES BETWE5 MAN & ,MAN & BETWE5 PEOPLE & PEOPLE1 :I* HAVE PLAGU$ ! LIFE ( HUMANITY FROM ! V]Y BEG9N+4 ,?OSE :O 9 !SE /RUGGLES BR\<T HIM VICTORY1 & TOOK ( ! E>?1 & H[ MU* MORE !Y C\LD ( NATURAL WEAL? & =C$ O!RS TO WORK = !M2 &1 TAK+ ! DIRECTION ( ALL SOCIAL RELATIONS1 !M TO GOV]N ACCORD+ TO !IR 9T]E/S1 & =CES ALL ORGANIZ$ & DISCIPL9>ONO TO ! GU>ANTEE & DEF5SE ( !IR [N DOM9ATION4 

,?US ! VICTORY ?AT AT ! BEG9N+ WAS DUE TO 9EQUALITY & NATURAL ACCID5TS1 WAS FIX$ BY ! SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS 9 ! DESC5DANTS ( ! PRIMITIVE VICTORS4 

,SOMETIMES ! P[] ( A CLASS ( D5OM9ATORS WAS DEFEAT$2 BUT1 ALWAYS LA/+ ! /RUGGLE BETWE5 M51 ! NEW VICTORS REPLAC$ ! ,ANCI5TS & ! PEOPLE HAD ONLY *ANG$ !IR MA/]S4 

,! PR9CIPLE ( SOLID>ITY1 ACCORD+ TO :I* ! GOOD ( ONE IS ! GOOD ( ALL OR ! GOOD ( ALL IS ! GOOD ( EA*4 

,& JU/ AS ! /RUGGLE HAD NECESS>ILY L$ TO ! HO>D+ ( WEAL? & P[] = ! B5EFIT ( ! FEW1 SO ,SOLID>ITY HAD TO F9D ITS EXPRESSION & ITS POSSIBILITY 9 COMMON PROP]TY & P[] TO ALL4 

,NO LONG] PR(IT OR DOM9ATION ( MAN OV] ,MAN4 ,! AIM ( SOCIETY IS TO 5SURE ! GREATE/ POSSIBLE PROSP]ITY & FRE$OM = EA* ( ITS MEMB]S4 

,?IS IS ,SOCIALISM1 ! GREAT HOPE1 ! GREAT PROMISE ( CIVILIZATION4 ,= SOCIALISM OR AGA9/ SOCIALISM WE FI<T ALL ! BATTLES ( TODAY1 = ALL ?OSE :O UND]/& ! TIME 9 :I* !Y LIVE4 

,SOCIALI/S ( ,ITALY 

,SOLEMN IS ! PRES5T TIME4 

,! CONDITIONS ( ! PEOPLE1 MIS]ABLE ALWAYS1 BECOME MORE 9TOL]ABLE EV]Y DAY4 ,B\RGEOIS SOCIETY1 BEAT5 TO DEA? BY ! FATAL EVOLUTION ( ITS 9/ITUTIONS1 TREMBLES & WAV]S DESPITE ITS LIES & MURD]\S BAYONETS4 ,EMANCIPATORY IDEAS %AKE & 5LI<T5 ! CONSCI5CE ( ! OPPRESS$1 & A TREMOR ( REVOLT AGITATES ! PROLET>IAT FROM ONE 5D ( ! ,CIVIL WORLD TO ! O!R4 

,A GREAT REVOLUTION IS IMM95T4 ,ALL ! FEEL1 ALL N[ CONFESS2 & 9 ! MEANTIME1 ! SOCIALI/S1 FROM :OSE ACTION WILL DEP5D ON :E!R ! NEXT REVOLUTION WILL M>K ! 5D ( MIS]Y & OPPRESSION1 OR WILL BE A USELESS %$D+ ( BLOOD1 ONLY GOOD TO *ANGE ! =M ( DOM9ATION UND] :I* PEOPLE LIE1 !Y W]E 9 ,ITALY1 COMPLETELY UNORGANIZ$1 & !RE=E UNABLE TO HE> ! 9FLU5CE ?AT P]TA9S TO !M1 & = !IR NUMB] & = !IR 5]GY & = ! VALUE & ! FL[ RATE EMANCIPATRICE ( !IR PROGRAM4 

,! ORGANIZATION ( ! SCATT]$ =CES ( ,ITALIAN SOCIALISM WAS NECESS>Y & URG5T 9 ! FACE ( ! PRECIPITATIONS ( EV5TS4 ,& ! NE$ WAS SO FELT ?AT AT ! SAME TIME ! PROPOSAL = A ,CONGRESS1 FROM :I* ! 9ITIATIVE ( ! DESIR$ ORGANIZATION HAD TO COME1 CAME \T FROM MANY GR\PS4 

,BUT A FIR/ DIFFICULTY >OSE AT ! 9ITIATORS ( ! ,CONGRESS4 

,! ,SOCIALI/S ( ,ITALY1 = MANY YE>S1 W]E DIVID$ 9TO TWO HO/ILE FRACTIONS4 

,ON ONE H& !RE W]E ! AN>*I/S1 ) !IR ANTI-[N] & ANTI-GOV]NM5T1 ( C\RSE1 ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y & REVOLUTION>Y1 :O BOA/$ ( BE+ ALWAYS REMA9$ FAI?FUL TO ! SOCIALI/ AG5DA1 NEV] TO HAVE TRANSATTO ) ! B\RGEOISIE1 & HAVE ALWAYS REJECT$ SU* ME?ODS ( /RUGGLE T5D TO 9SPIRE 9 ! PEOPLE A FAI? 9 AN ILLUSION 9 B\RGEOIS 9/ITUTIONS1 & 9 !IR PEACEFUL EVOLUTION1 

,ON ! O!R H& !RE W]E ! SO-CALL$ LEGALIT>IANS1 ?AT IS1 ?OSE :O TAKE P>T 9 ! /RUGGLES ( ! ELECTIONS & ! P>LIAM5T>IANS1 & BETWE5 !SE IT WAS NECESS>Y TO DI/+UI% A :OLE S]IES ( GRADATIONS ?AT RANG$ FROM ?OSE ?AT 9 ! ELECTIONS !Y SEE A SIMPLE MEANS ( AGITATION & SOCIALI/ PROPAG&A1 & EV5 ?OSE ?AT PRO/ITUTE !MSELVES TO ALL POLITICAL P>TIES1 = ! HOPE TO CADGE A SEAT 9 P>LIAM5T1 & HIS PLACE 9 ! MID/ ( ! B\RGEOISIE4 

,%\LD ! ,CONGRESS UND]/& ONLY AN>*I/S OR BR+ TOGE!R ALL ?OSE :O1 RI<TLY OR WRONGLY1 CALL !MSELVES SOCIALI/S8 

,IT WAS CLE> ?AT AMONG ! AN>*I/S1 :O PROPOSE VIOL5T REVOLUTION = ! VICTORY ( ! :OLE SOCIALI/ AG5DA1 & ?OSE ( ! REVOLUTION >E CONSID]$ 5EMIES & MAKE SOCIALISM A SIMPLE WEAPON ELECTORAL1 !RE WAS NO POSSIBILITY ( AGREEM5T1 BECAUSE !RE WAS NO COMMON GR\ND ( ACTION4 

,H[EV]1 AS ! RESULT ( A FEW :O REALLY TAKE ADVANTAGE ( ! SOCIALISM TO MAKE !IR WAY 9 ! MID/ ( ! B\RGEOISIE1 !RE IS A L>GE MASS ( WORK]S G5U9ELY REVOLUTION>Y1 :I* >E DECEIV$ & BELIEVE 9 GOOD FAI? TO S]VE ! CAUSE 9 WAYS ?AT AN>*I/S CONSID] TO BE FATAL TO SOCIALISM & ! REVOLUTION1 IT WAS USEFUL BE=E ! ORGANIZATION ( ! P>TY1 TO MEET & DISCUSS TO SEE :AT W]E ! DISAGREEM5TS ?AT Y\ ACTUALLY RESPOND$ TO DIFF]5CES ( IDEAS1 & :AT ( ?OSE :O DEP5D$ ONLY FROM ! MISUND]/&+S & MUTUAL IGNORANCE ( M5 & ?+S4 

,= ?IS1 ! AN>*I/S PROMOT]S & ORGANIZ]S ( ! ,CONGRESS HEAD$ ! 9VITATION TO ALL ! SOCIALI/S ( ,ITALY )\T DI/9CTION ( ME?OD OR S*OOL4 

,!Y DID NOT WI% TO SEE CONFUS$ 9 ONE P>TY M5 :O HAVE DIFF]5T T5D5CIES & PURPOSES2 BUT !Y WANT$ TO PUT AN 5D TO ! MISUND]/&+S & ?AT EV]YONE %\LD CLE>LY /ATE HIS IDEAS & 9T5TIONS4 ,IRRECONCILABLE DIFF]5CES W\LD REMA91 ! DIFF]5T S*OOLS W\LD HAVE RETA9$ !IR *>ACT]2 BUT IT W\LD BE SE5 :O WANTS TO & :O IS NOT A COMPLETE BREAK ) ! B\RGEOIS P>TIES1 :O WANT TO & :O IS NOT VIOL5T REVOLUTION4 ,IT W\LD HAVE BE5 POSSIBLE TO SEE :I* WAYS >E COMPATIBLE ) ! ,REVOLUTION>Y 5D1 & IF IT IS POSSIBLE1 & TO :AT EXT5T1 TO REA* AN AGREEM5T BETWE5 ?OSE :O1 EV5 HAV+ ! SOCIALI/ IDEAL AS !IR GUIDE1 GO ALONG DIFF]5T PA?S TO A*IEVE IT4 ,A WIDE-RANG+1 FRANK DISCUSSION1 CONDUCT$ 9 CONTRADICTION BETWE5 ?OSE :O >E MO/ 5GAG$ 9 ONE WAY OR ANO!R & OV] :OM RESPONSIBILITIES >E MO/ BURD5$1 C\LD ONLY B5EFIT ! TRU? & ?OSE :O S9C]ELY SEEK ! TRU?4 

,AFT] ?IS1 EV]YONE W\LD HAVE UND]/OOD OR ORGANIZ$ ) ?OSE :O HAD ! SAME PROGRAM & ! SAME 9T5TIONS4 

,BUT ! LEGALIT>IANS1 ALREADY AT ,RAV5NA1 HAD %[N1 ) ! EXCLUSION ( ! AN>*I/S1 ?AT !Y URG$ ! MORE ! ELECTORAL CONC]NS ?AT ?OSE ( ,SOCIALISM1 AFT] Y\ HAVE US$ UNNECESS>ILY1 ! MO/ PETTY MANEUV]S = NOT MAK+ A SUCCESSFUL ,CONGRESS1 AB/A9$1 LESS A FEW HONORABLE EXCEPTIONS1 FROM P>TICIPAT+1 & ESPECIALLY NOT ?OSE :O1 :5 HE CAPTA9$ ! MOVEM5T LEGALIT>IANSO & PR(ITT&ONE P]SONALLY ) ! BE APPO9T DEPUTIES1 MO/ ( !M HAD ! DUTY TO COME TO EXPLA9 !IR CONDUCT4 

,BE=E ?IS ATTITUDE1 NOT ONLY TO ! AN>*I/S :O TAKE NOTE ( ! FACT1 ADDIT>NE TO HIS COMPANIONS ! MEAN+1 & PROCE$ ) ! CON/ITUTION ( ! ,SOCIALI/-AN>*I/-REVOLUTION>Y4 

,REAFFIRM1 !RE=E1 ! FUNDAM5TAL BASES ( ! PROGRAM ( ! SOCIALI/-AN>*I/ -- ABOLITION ( PRIVATE PROP]TY1 ABOLITION ( ! ,/ATE1 VIOL5T REVOLUTION -- ! ,CONGRESS DECL>$1 CON/ITUT$ ! ,P>TY 1 OR =MULAT$ ! CRIT]IA ) :I* ! P>TY DEALS ) ! V>I\S ISSUES ?AT ?IS TIME NE$$ HIS ATT5TION4 

,COMRADES AN>*I/S1 EXAM9E ! RESOLUTIONS WE HAVE TAK5 & WE COME TO SUBMIT TO Y\4 ,& IF WILL SEEM ?AT WE HAVE BE5 FAI?FUL TO ! PROGRAM & ?AT WE >E RI<TLY 9SPIR$ BY ! NE$S ( ! /RUGGLE ?AT WE MU/ FI<T2 IF Y\ BELIEVE ?AT ! USEFULNESS1 ! NECESSITY ( UNION & COOP]ATION ON ! H>MONY ( ALL 9 ! COMMON WORK1 9 A HURRY TO DO ACCEPTANCE ( \R PROPOSALS1 & GO TO WORK BECAUSE ! LIFE ( ! P>TY BE ! LIFE ( ACTIVE & FRUITFUL ( RESULTS4 

,& Y\ ! SOCIALI/S ( O!R S*OOLS1 ?AT :ILE FOLL[+ ! /REETS WE CONSID]$ TO BE WICK$1 KEPT ALIVE 9 ! S\L1 ! WOR%IP ( ! SOCIALI/ IDEAL & QUIV] ( IMPATI5CE WAIT+ = ! REVOLUTION1 ! R$EEM+ WORK ?AT MU/ PUT AN 5D TO ! MIS]IES & HUMILIATIONS ( ! HUMAN1 Y\ LI/5 TO \R WORDS1 :I* >E WORDS ( SOCIALI/S & REVOLUTION>IES4 

,! /RUGGLE BETWE5 AN>*I/S & LEGALIT>IANS HAS BE5 MADE CONCRETE & EXPRESS$ MA9LY ON ! QUE/ION ( ! P>TICIPATION 9 ! POLITICAL & ADM9I/RATIVE ELECTIONS4 ,?IS N>R[+ ( ! QUE/ION HAS HAD ITS REASON TO BE1 BECAUSE 9 REALITY ! ELECTIONS W]E ! CAUSE & ! OCCASION = :I* IT IS A P>T ( ! SOCIALI/S >E PLAC$ ON ! SLOPE ( ! TRANSACTIONS & ( ! ABDICATION1 & REMA91 ! GREAT MEANS ) :I* ! B\RGEOISIE TRIES1 & NOT ALWAYS 9 VA91 TO LURE & CORRUPT ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T4 

,H[EV]1 WE MU/ NOT =GET ?AT BEH9D ! QUE/ION ( ! BALLOT BOX1 IT HIDES A F> MORE IMPORTANT QUE/ION1 F> MORE G5]AL1 ?AT ( ! 9TEGRITY ( ! SOCIALI/ PROGRAM1 & ! SEP>ATION BETWE5 ! SOCIALI/S & ! B\RGEOISIE1 BETWE5 ! REVOLUTION>IES & ! RE=M]S4 

,MASK$ OPPON5TS & MISGUID$ OR MISGUID$ FRI5DS HAVE TRI$ TO DIVIDE SOCIALISM 9TO A ?\S& SMALL QUI/IONELLES1 :I*1 TAK5 SEP>ATELY1 DO NOT MATT]1 NOR DO !Y HAVE ! POSSIBILITY ( AN EFFECTIVE SOLUTION4 ,!Y SEEK TO RAISE 9 ! M9DS ( ! PROLET>IANS 9 ! HOPE DECEIV] ( ! SOLUTION GRADUALLY TO ! SOCIAL ISSUE ?R\< A S]IES ( RE=MS OBTA9$ ?R\< ! COOP]ATION ( A P>T ( ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,DO NOT FOLL[ !M ON ?AT PA?1 :I* IS ! PA? ( C[>DLY ABDICATION1 ( C[>DLY DEVOTION TO ! B\RGEOIS P>TIES DISGUIS$ AS FRI5DS ( ! PEOPLE4 

,EV]Y?+ IS CLOSELY L9K$ 9 SOCIETY4 ,! SOCIAL QUE/ION IS ONE & MU/ BE RESOLV$ 5TIRELY & BY ACTION ( ! PEOPLE -- OR NOT SOLV$4 

,! ,SOCIALISM OR ! EMANCIPATION ( ! 9TEGRAL ( MAN1 ! ABOLITION ( ALL PR(IT1 & ( EV]Y DOMA9 ( MAN OV] MAN1 OR IS IT ALSO A MEANS TO LULL ! PEOPLE ) ! HOPE VANE'S RE=MS1 :I* W\LD ONLY B5EFIT OLD & ,NEW ,DOM9ATORS4 

,9DIVIDUAL PROP]TY & GOV]NM5T >E TWO ASPECTS ( ! SAME ?+1 ( ! EXPLOITATION ( ,MAN BY MAN4 ,NOT TO ABOLI% ONE )\T ABOLI%+ ! O!R2 & ! ONE & ! O!R DOES NOT ABOLI%1 IF NOT TO ! MIDDLE ( ! REVOLUTION MADE BY ! PEOPLE AGA9/ ALL ! [N]S1 AGA9/ ALL ! POLITICIANS1 AGA9/ ALL ! B\RGEOIS ( ANY COLOR4 

,NON-AN>*I/ SOCIALI/S1 WE DO NOT ASK Y\ TO SACRIFICE Y\R CONVICTIONS UNTIL Y\ >E CONV9C$ ( Y\R MI/AKE4 ,BUT IF Y\ >E REALLY SOCIALI/S1 DO NOT MAKE TRANSACTIONS ) ! B\RGEOISIE1 DO NOT MAKE Y\RSELVES AN 9/RUM5T ( ! AMBITION & VANITY ( ANYONE1 DO NOT LET Y\RSELVES BE FIX$ BY ! *>IOT ( POLITICAL P>TIES4 ,ONCE ! B\RGEOISIE1 :I* HAS AN 9T]E/ 9 DIVID+ US1 HAS BE5 REMOV$ FROM ! MID/ ( ! AMBITI\S EXPLOITS ( US1 ! >TIFICIAL DIFF]5CES WILL SOON DISAPPE> & ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY AS ONE IS TRUE SOCIALISM WILL BE ONE4 

,?9K1 COMRADES1 ( :AT WE HAVE TOLD Y\4 ,IT IS A QUE/ION ( SAV+ SOCIALISM1( SP>+ HUMANITY ,NEW DECEITS & ,NEW SUBJECTION4 

,PEOPLE ( ,ITALY 

,Y\ DON'T NE$ TO 5UM]ATE Y\R PA94 ,Y\ HE> !M1 & Y\ SEE !M1 & Y\ TREMBLE TO FLEE FROM POV]TY1 :I* FROM YE> TO YE>1 FROM DAY TO DAY BECOMES MORE GRIEV\S4 

,HURRY TO ! RESCUE2 DO NOT LET Y\RSELF />VE TO ! PO9T :]E Y\ NO LONG] HAVE ! /R5G? TO TURN4 

,Y\ BELIEV$ 9 ! PRIE/S & HOP$ = ,GOD2 BUT ,GOD WAS DEAF TO Y\R PRAY]S & ! PRIE/S ALLI$ !MSELVES ) Y\R MA/]S & GA9$ WEI<T BEH9D Y\4 ,Y\ BELIEV$ 9 ! ,PATRIOTS2 Y\ F\<T TO CONQU] A HOMEL&1 & ! C\NTRY EVICT$ Y\1 HUNGRY1 HUMILIAT$4 ,Y\ BELIEV$ 9 FRE$OM2 = FRE$OM Y\ CONSPIR$ & F\<T & FRE$OM PROV$ BITT] IRONY1 :I* ONLY LEAVES Y\ FREE TO />VE4 ,Y\ BELIEV$ & /ILL BELIEVE 9 *>LATANS :O1 UND] ! PRETEXT ( DO+ Y\R GOOD1 ASK Y\ TO SUPPORT Y\R VOTE OR Y\R >M2 & ,! ,*>LATANS MAKE A /OOL ( Y\ & GO UP TO ! TOP OPPRESS Y\1 IRRITATE Y\1 EXPLOIT Y\4 

,IF Y\ WANT TO BE FREE1 IF Y\ WANT TO 5JOY ! FRUITS ( Y\R SWEAT1 IF Y\ WANT TO LIVE A LIFE WOR?Y ( M51 C\NT ONLY ON Y\R [N /R5G?4 ,PEOPLE :O LIVE ON Y\R JOB CAN'T BE FRI5DS ) Y\4 

,Y\ SUFF] HUNG] & COLD BECAUSE Y\ HAVE NO?+1 & Y\ MU/ BEG ! LABOR ( ?OSE :O HAVE TAK5 OV] ! L& & CAPITAL1 & SUFF] ! H>% CONDITIONS4 ,TAKE ! L& & ! CAPITAL1 :I* BELONGS TO EV]YONE1 & WORK ON Y\R [N4 

,Y\ >E A SLAVE BECAUSE FEW PRIVILEG$ PEOPLE HAVE MADE !MSELVES ,GOV]NM5T & IMPOSE !IR WILL ON Y\4 ,HUNT D[N ! GOV]NM5T & PROVIDE = Y\R [N 9T]E/S4 

,A HUNDR$ TIMES Y\ SAW Y\R MA/]S & GOV]NM5TS TREMBLE2 BUT Y\ ALWAYS FELL 9TO BONDAGE1 EI!R BECAUSE Y\ W]E AN 9/RUM5T ( O!RS1 OR BECAUSE Y\ W]E VICTORI\S1 & HA/5$ TO SUBMIT Y\RSELF TO NEW MA/]S1 & PUT BACK ! *A9S US$4 

,ONCE AGA91 TURN FROM Y\ & ON Y\R [N4 ,TAKE OV] ! GOV]NM5T2 TAKE POSSESSION ( ! L&1 H\SES1 MA*9]Y1 FOOD1 EV]Y?+ ?AT EXI/S1 & ORGANIZE PRODUCTION & CONSUMPTION BY Y\RSELF = ! GREAT] B5EFIT ( ALL4 ,ABOVE ALL1 DO NOT R5\NCE 9 ! H&S ( ANYONE ! FRE$OM Y\ HAVE CONQU]$4 

,WE DON'T ASK Y\ TO RELY ON US4 ,I GIVE BIR? TO Y\1 OPPRESS$ & HUNGRY WORK]S \RSELVES1 WE CLAIM \R PLACE ( BATTLE AMONG Y\4 

,TOGE!R ) Y\ WE WANT TO CONQU] = US & = ALL ! BREAD & FRE$OM ?AT WE LACK4 

,P,R,O,G,R,A,M ,( ,! ,I,T,A,L,I,A,N ,F,$,],A,T,I,O,N ,( ,! ,R,E,V,O,L,U,T,I,O,N,>,Y ,A,N,>,*,I,/ ,S,O,C,I,A,L,I,/ ,P,>,T,Y 

,P,R,9,C,I,P,L,E 

#a4 ,EXPROPRIATION ( 9DIVIDUAL PROP]TY4 

#b4 ,! ABOLITION ( ALL POLITICAL ORD]S1 BECAUSE ! CAUSE & S\RCE ( PRIVILEGE1 ( 9EQUALITY C ( EXPLOITATION & ECONOMIC -- & SPECIFICALLY ! ABOLITION ( ! C5TRALIZATION ( ! POLITICAL-ADM9I/RATIVE BUREAUCRACY ( P>LIAM5T>Y REPRES5TATION1 P[]1 F9ANCIAL & MILIT>Y1 9 A WORD1 ! ABOLITION ( ! ,GOV]NM5T & ( ! ,/ATE4 

#c4 ,ORGANIZATION ( ! PRODUCTION ( ! CONSUMPTION 9 COMMON ?R\< ! ,WORK]S ' ,ASSOCIATIONS ,UNIT$ TOGE!R BY FREE PACT1 & ,F$]AT$ !SE ASSOCIATIONS AMONG !MSELVES ACCORD+ TO ! NE$S ( COMMON NE$S4 

,T,R,A,N,S,P,O,R,T,A,T,I,O,N 

#a4 ,PROPAG&A 9 EV]Y =M4 

#b4 ,P>TICIPATE 9 ALL ! UNRE/1 & TO ALL ( ! WORK]S ' MOVEM5T ) ! PURPOSE TO PROPAGATE !IR PR9CIPLES & PU% ! MASSES TO !IR IMPLEM5TATION2 & RESULT 9 ! TRANSLATION 9TO PRACTICE ( ALL ! ASPIRATIONS ( POPUL> REVOLUTION>Y1 ?AT IS RADICALLY ADV]SE TO ! CURR5T /ATE ( ?+S2 9SPIR$ BY ALWAYS 9 PROPAG&A & 9 ACTION TO ! PR9CIPLES ( SOCIALISM1 NAMELY1 ! RAIS+ ( POPUL> CONSCI\SNESS1 & ! POOL+ ( WEAL? = ! WELL-BE+ & = ! FRE$OM ( ALL4 

#c4 ,REVOLUTION>Y [N 9ITIATIVE4 

,IT IS ALSO CALL$ UPON TO ORGANIZE ! UNEMPLOY$ WORK]S1 TO SPREAD 9 EV]Y WAY & ON EV]Y OCCASION AMONG ! MASSES IDEAS ( REVOLT1 &1 IF POSSIBLE1 TO LEAD ! PEOPLE TO ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4 

,O,R,G,A,N,I,Z,A,T,I,O,N 

,! ,CONGRESS1 CONSID]$ ?AT1 BEYOND ! TASKS TO :I* ! 9DIVIDUAL 9ITIATIVE IS SUFFICI5T1 !RE >E ?OSE ?AT DEM& ! P>TICIPATION ( SEV]AL 9DIVIDUALS & COMMON MEANS2 & CONSID]+ ?AT ! G5]AL REVOLUTION NE$S ! P>TICIPATION ( ALL ! REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ =CES ORGANIZ$ & AGRE$1 APPROVES ! FOLL[+3 

,O,R,G,A,N,I,Z,A,T,I,O,N ,S,*,E,M,E 

#a4 ,IT IS CON/ITUT$ ! REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ SOCIALI/ P>TY -- ,ITALIAN ,F$]ATION4 

#b4 ,! ORGANIZATION IS COMPOS$ ( ALL ADH]5T GR\PS & 9DIVIDUALS1 :O AIM TO COOP]ATE 9 ! IMPLEM5TATION ( ! PR9CIPLES PROCLAIM$ ABOVE BY ! MEANS 9DICAT$ ABOVE4 

#c4 ,! GR\PS 9 EA* REGION %ALL APPO9T A CORRESPOND5CE ,COMMISSION1 :I* %ALL BE KEPT 9 CON/ANT CONTACT ) ! ,COMMISSIONS ( ! O!R REGIONS1 ! ISOLAT$ GR\PS OR 9DIVIDUALS 9 ?OSE REGIONS1 :]E !RE WAS NO CORRESPOND5CE ,COMMISSION4 

#d4 ,EA* GR\P %ALL BE> ! CO/S ( ! ,REGIONAL ,COMMISSION = A %>E TO BE DET]M9$ BY IT4 

#e4 ! GR\PS >E AUTONOM\S4 ,! REGIONAL COMMITTEES DO NOT 9T]F]E 9 ! 9T]NAL AFFAIRS ( ! GR\PS4 

#f4 ,! REGIONAL CORRESPOND5CE COMMISSIONS >E 9T5D$ TO PROMOTE ! EXT5SION ( ! P>TY 9 REGIONS LACK+ A CORRESPOND5CE ,COMMISSION & TO CONNECT ) ! AN>*I/ SOCIALI/ P>TIES ( O!R C\NTRIES4 

#g4 ,AT ! REQUE/ ( ONE OR MORE GR\PS1 ! REGIONAL CORRESPOND5CE ,COMMISSION %ALL =W>D ITS PROPOSALS TO ! O!R GR\PS OR COMMITTEES2 H[EV]1 ! DELIB]ATIONS TAK5 DO NOT B9D ONLY ?OSE :O HAVE ACCEPT$ !M4 

,R,E,S,O,L,U,T,I,O,N 

( ! ,G5]AL ,CONGRESS ( ,CAPOLAGO 

,I4 P>TICIPATION 9 ELECTIONS 

A7 ! ,CONGRESS1 RECOGNIZ+ ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY CAN ONLY B5EFIT FROM ! ELECTORAL /RUGGLES1 ?AT ( PROPAG&A1 & ?AT ?IS ADVANTAGE IS BETT] A*IEV$ BY ADVOCAT+ AB/5TION 9 ! BALLOT BOX2 

CONSID]+ ?AT ! P>TICIPATION 9 ! ELECTION ( LEGISLATORS & ADM9I/RATORS S]VES TO 9CREASE /R5G? & PRE/IGE TO ! GOV]NM5T1 CONTRADICTS AN>*I/ SOCIALI/ PR9CIPLES1 CAUSES A SQU&] ( USEFUL =CES & ACTIVITIES & FO/]S DISCORD & CORRUPTION AMONG P>TY MEMB]S2 

,IT DECIDES ON ! AB/5TION1 & 9VITE ! COMPANIONS TO MAKE ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y SOCIALI/ PROPAG&A DUR+ ! /RUGGLES & ELECTORAL ORGANIZ+1 ! /RIKE ( ! URN2 & TO 5LI<T5 ! MASSES ( WORK]S ON ! 9ANITA ( RI=METTE LEGISLATIVE DEVIS$ = CULL>LE 9 ! FALSE HOPE ( ! IMPROVEM5T ( ! RE/ P>TIAL & EPHEM]AL1 & /ORN>LE FROM L>GE CLAIMS1 & BY ! REVOLUTION1 & ONLY ?OSE CAN BE A*IEV$4 

7,!Y APPROVE ALL ! MEMB]S ( ! ,CONGRESS1 EXCEPT ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,WORK]S ' BEAM ( ,CES5A & SURR\ND+S1 ! SOCIALI/ BEAM ( ,SAVIGNAVO1 ,SOGLIANO & !IR RESPECTIVE DI/RICTS1 & TWO NON-REPRES5TATIVE MEMB]S4 ,!Y VOTE = ! FOLL[+ /ATEM5T33 

0,! ,CONGRESS1 RECOGNIZ+ ?AT ! SOCIALI/ REVOLUTION>Y P>TY CAN DRAW NO MORE DIRECT PR(IT FROM ! ELECTORAL /RUGGLES ?AN ?AT ( PROPAG&A1 LEAVES V>I\S GR\PS FREE TO CONDUCT !MSELVES ACCORD+ TO LOCAL CIRCUM/ANCES4 @>@> 

7,! ,SOCIALI/ ,F$]ATION ( ,BOLOGNA AB/A9S47 

,I,I4 ,ON RELATIONS ) SOCIALI/ REVOLUTION>IES :O HAVE SO F> P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! ELECTIONS 

,! ,CONGRESS1 /ILL REMA9+ ! DECL>$ PR9CIPLES3 

-- WANT+ TO TAKE A /EP 9 ! VIA DELLA CONCILIAZIONE & ! MEET+ ( ALL ! =CES SOCIALI/ REVOLUTION>Y2 -- & CONSID]+ ?AT = ?IS TIME1 ! MORAL DAMAGE & MAT]IAL ( ! COMPETITION ( ! SOCIALI/S AT ! POLLS IS ALREADY COMPLET$2 PROPOSES TO ! SOCIALI/ REVOLUTION>IES1 :O HAVE SO F> P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! ELECTIONS1 TO 9VITE ! SOCIALI/ MEMB]S NOT TO TAKE P>T 9 ! WORK ( ! LEGISLATIVE ,*AMB]1 & MAKE USE ONLY ( ! BOOKLET RAIL TO MAKE PROPAG&A G5U9ELY SOCIALI/2 9 CASE ( REFUSAL1 SCONFESS>LI & DEF9ITIVELY AB&ON ! /RUGGLES ( ! ELECTIONS4 

,IF !Y >E TRULY SOCIALI/S1 !Y WILL EI!R COMPLETELY GIVE UP !IR M&ATE OR RETURN TO FI<T+ = ! REVOLUTION 9 ! MID/ ( ! REVOLUTION4 

7,APPROV$ BY ALL MEMB]S ( ,CONGRESS1 M9US ONE MEMB] REPRES5T+ NO ASSOCIATION1 & TWO AB/5TIONS4 ,! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! BEAM ( ,CES5A1 ,SAVIGNANO1 ,SOGLIANO & DI/RICTS ,RES]VE74 

,I,I,I4 ,ON RELATIONS ) ! ,REPUBLICANS & ) ! IRR$5TI/S 

,) REG>D TO RELATIONS ) ! O!R P>TIES1 ! ,CONGRESS DECIDES 3 

7A7 ) REG>D TO IRREV]SIBILITY1 

?AT NO AGREEM5T OR COOP]ATION IS POSSIBLE ) ?IS P>TY1 :I* HAS = ITS PURPOSE TO 5L>GE ! CIRCLE ( ! T]RITORY ( ! ,/ATE TO ! ADVANTAGE ( ! ,ITALIAN MIDDLE CLASS & ! ANTAGONISM ( ! B\RGEOISIE ( O!R C\NTRIES3 :ILE ! SOCIALI/ P>TY1 ! AN>*I/ HAS PROCLAIM$ ! MO/ G5U9E BRO!RHOOD AMONG ALL PEOPLES4 

7B7 9 RESPECT ( REPUBLICANISM1 ?AT ! *ANGE ( ! =M ( MON>*Y-P>LIAM5T>Y =M ( REPUBLICAN-P>LIAM5T>Y GOV]NM5T IS NOT SOLV+ ! COMPUT SOCIAL1 BECAUSE IT DOES NOT MATT] ! CONQUE/ ( ! SOCIAL WEAL? = ! P>T & TO ! B5EFIT ( ! :OLE PEOPLE1 ! SOCIALI/ P>TY1 ! AN>*I/ REVOLUTION>Y HAS NO COMMON PURPOSE ) ! REPUBLICAN P>TY4 

,CONSEQU5TLY1 /IGMATIZ+ ANY TRANSACTION OR COMB9ATION ALSO PASS5G]S CO' P>TIES1 IRR$5TISM & ! REPUBLICAN AS CONTR>Y TO ! PR9CIPLES ( ,SOCIALISM1 & H>MFUL TO ! CAUSE2 BECAUSE IT PREV5TS ! CLE> DEL9EATION ( ! =CES ( ! B\RGEOIS REACTION>Y SIDE1 & ! WORK]S'1 SOCIALI/1 REVOLUTION>Y ON ! O!R -- PR(IL+1 :I* ONLY OP5 ! WAY TO ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4 

,( C\RSE1 9 REVOLUTION>Y EV5TS1 ! P>TICIPATION ( ALL VOLONT]OSI IS ALL[$1 )\T ANY TRANSACTION ON ! PR9CIPLES ( ! P>TY4 

7,ON ?IS DECL>ATION1 #af MEMB]S ( ! ,CONGRESS VOT$ = ! SIMPLE & SIMPLE AG5DA1 #cc VOT$ ONLY = ! LA/ P>AGRAPH1 ?AT IS1 0 9 FACTS ( A REVOLUTION>Y NATURE1 ! P>TICIPATION ( ALL ! WILL+1 )\T TRANSACTIONS ON ! P>TY PR9CIPLES IS ALL[$0 & #ca APPROV$ ! 5TIRE DECL>ATION47 

,I,V4 ,ON ! AGITATION ( #a48 ,MAY 

,CONGRESS1 

,CONSID]$ ?AT ! GREAT LABOR MOVEM5T ( #a4 ,MAY #ahi SPREAD ! IDEAS ( 9T]NATIONAL SOLID>ITY AMONG ALL WORK]S & SOCIAL R5EWAL 9 ! POPULATION2 

,CONSID]+ ?AT IT IS ! DEBT ( A REVOLUTION>Y P>TY TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( ALL ( ! OCCASIONS ( AGITATION & /RUGGLE1 & TO GIVE ! MOVEM5TS POPUL> A *>ACT] AS MU* AS Y\ CAN REVOLUTION>Y1 AGITAT+ ! MASSES1 NOT ! FLATT]S ( P>TIAL & ADDORM5TATRICI IMPROVEM5TS1 BUT BY 9CULCAT+ ! NE$ TO OV]?R[ ! CURR5T POLITICAL ORD] & ECONOMIC ORD] TO E/ABLI% ! FRAT]NAL COEXI/5CE ( ! WORK]S HAVE COOP]ATIVE & SOLID>ITY ON ! BASIS ( ! WEAL? MADE 9 ! COMMON OR ( ! EQUALITY ( CONDITIONS IS2 

,IT ADH]ES TO ! ,UNIV]SAL FEA/ ( ! #a48 ( ,MAY1 

,IT 9VITES ALL WORK]S TO A G5]AL /RIKE TO DATE FROM #a4 ,MAY NEXT4 

,IT 9VITES ! ADH]5T GR\PS & COMRADES WILL+ TO SPREAD 9 ! C\NTRYSIDE1 9 ! WORK%OPS1 AMONG ! MILIT>Y1 APPROPRIATE PO/]S 9CULCAT+ ! NECESSITY ( ?IS /RIKE4 

,TRANSITIONAL DELIB]ATIONS 

L4 ,ALL MEMB]S ( ! ,CONGRESS >E 9VIT$ TO SUBMIT ! RESOLUTIONS TO ! V>I\S GR\PS !Y REPRES5T$ & O!R GR\PS ( SOCIALI/S ( ! RESPECTIVE REGIONS1 OR TO CAUSE !IR MEMB]%IP TO ! ,F$]ATION4 

#b4 ,AN 9T]IM COMMITTEE IS H]EBY APPO9T$ TO COLLECT SU* ACCESSIONS & TO 9VITE GR\PS TO PROMOTE REGIONAL CONGRESSES = ! APPO9TM5T ( REGIONAL CORRESPOND5CE COMMISSIONS4 

#c4 ,TASKS ( ! PROVISIONAL ,COMMISSION >E1 BEYOND :AT HAS JU/ BE5 /AT$41 

A7 DRAFT & PUBLI% ! REPORT ( ! ,CONGRESS2 

B7 PUBLI% A MANIFE/O ON BEHALF ( ! ,CONGRESS TO ! ,SOCIALI/S & WORK]S ( ,ITALY2 

C7 TO COMMUNICATE AS SOON AS POSSIBLE ! DELIB]ATIONS ( ! ,CONGRESS TO ALL ADH]5T GR\PS & 9DIVIDUALS OR ?AT !Y BELIEVE MAY JO9 ! P>TY2 

D7 TO 5D COMRADES TO ! V>I\S LOCATIONS1 PROVID+ EXP5SES1 TO SPREAD ! DELIB]ATIONS ( ! ,CONGRESS )9 ! SOCIALI/ GR\PS4 

#d4 ,HAV+ C>RI$ \T ?IS TASK AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE1 ! ,COMMISSION WILL S5D A REPORT ON ITS WORK TO ! REGIONAL CORRESPOND5CE COMMITTEES1 TO ! GR\PS1 & WILL BE DEEM$ TO HAVE LAPS$ FROM ITS M&ATE4 

#e4 ,9 ORD] TO FACILITATE ! WORK ( ! PROVISIONAL ,COMMISSION1 ! MEMB]S ( ! ,CONGRESS %ALL1 )9 #b DAYS1 COMMUNICATE TO ! PROVISIONAL ,COMMISSION ! DELIB]ATIONS ON MEMB]%IP OR O!R DECISIONS TAK5 BY ! GR\PS :I* !Y REPRES5T$4 

7,CONGRESS APPO9TS ! PROVISIONAL COMMISSION2 AGREEM5TS >E MADE = ! DRAFT+ ( ! ,MANIFE/O1 & TO 5SURE ! EXI/5CE ( A NEWSPAP] TO BE PUBLI%$ PREF]ABLY 9 ,ROME74 

#f4 ,! ,CONGRESS 9VITES ALL ! COMRADES1 :O CAN1 TO TAKE P>T 9 ! SOCIALI/ LEGALIT>IANSAN ,CONGRESS1 :I* WILL TAKE PLACE 9 ,ITALY1 & APPO9TS F\R ( ITS MEMB]S1 9 P>TICUL>1 TO SUPPORT ITS DELIB]ATIONS4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bba 3 ,MANIFE/O TO ! ,SOCIALI/S & ! PEOPLE ( ,ITALY & PROGRAM ( ! ,ITALIAN AN>*I/ SOCIALI/ P>TY -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,MANIFE/O TO ! ,SOCIALI/S & ! PEOPLE ( ,ITALY & PROGRAM ( ! ,ITALIAN AN>*I/ SOCIALI/ P>TY -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
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