,MAKE%IFT 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 

,TEXT 3 

      ,AS O!R AGES >E CALL$1 E4G41 ! AGES ( LE>N+1 ( *IVALRY1 ( 
      FAI? & SO =?1 SO \RS ,I ?9K MAY BE CALL$ ! ,AGE ( MAKE%IFT4 ,9 O!R 
      TIMES ( ! WORLD'S HI/ORY IF A ?+ WAS NOT TO BE HAD1 PEOPLE DID )\T IT1 
      & !RE WAS AN 5D4 ,NAY1 MO/ (T5 !Y W]E NOT CONSCI\S ( ! LACK4 ,BUT 
      TO-DAY WE >E SO RI* 9 9=MATION1 ?AT WE KN[ ( MANY & MANY ?+S :I* WE 
      \<T TO HAVE & CANNOT1 & NOT LIK+ TO SIT D[N UND] ! LACK PURE & 
      SIMPLE1 WE GET A MAKE%IFT 9/EAD ( IT2 & ONCE MORE IT IS JU/ ?IS 9SI/5CE 
      ON MAKE%IFTS1 & ,I FE> CONT5T ) !M1 :I* IS ! ESS5CE ( :AT WE CALL 
      CIVILIZATION4 
     
     

      ,N[ ,I WANT TO RUN ?R\< C]TA9 ( !SE MAKE%IFTS1 & SEE :AT !RE IS ( 
      EVIL 9 !M1 :AT ( PRES5T GOOD & :AT ( FUTURE HOPE4 ,= ,I MU/ TELL Y\ 
      ?AT ,I HAVE COME H]E TO RAIL TO-DAY1 & TO RAIL AT A /ATE ( ?+S )\T 
      TRY+ TO M5D IT IS A FUTILE BUS9ESS ,I ?9K4 
     
     

      ,IT IS QUITE LIKELY ?AT Y\ WILL ?9K MANY ( !SE CASES ( MAKE%IFTS MATT]S ( 
      V]Y SMALL IMPORTANCE1 BUT MAKE%IFT IS SO ?OR\<LY 9T]WOV5 9TO ! WEB ( 
      SOCIETY AT PRES5T1 !RE >E SO MANY CASES ( IT1 ?AT ,I CAN ONLY TAKE A FEW 
      9/ANCES ( :I* ,I P]SONALLY KN[ SOME?+2 YET 9 ! 5D ,I ?9K ,I %ALL BE 
      ABLE TO %[ Y\ ?AT ! SUM ( ALL !SE CASES MAKES A S]I\S MATT] 5\<2 TO 
      WIT1 ?AT ! LIFE ( CIVILIZATION IS BUT A MAKE%IFT = :AT ! LIFE ( MAN UPON 
      ! E>? \<T TO BE4 
     
     

      ,N[ ,I WILL BEG9 V]Y L[ D[N 9 ! SCALE2 ) ! COMMON VULG> UN-IDEAL 
      SUBJECTS ( FOOD & DR9K4 ,HAVE WE NO MAKE%IFTS !RE8 ,ALAS6 ONLY TOO MANY4 ,Y\ 
      HAVE ALL HE>D ( ! ?+ CALL$ BREAD1 BUT ,I SUSPECT V]Y FEW ( ?OSE 
      H]E PRES5T HAVE EV] TA/$ ! REAL >TICLE1 AL?\< !Y >E FAMILI> 5\< 
      ) ! MAKE%IFT4 ,A MAKE%IFT :I* ,I HAVE NO D\BT IS ( SOME:AT LONG /&+4 
      ,9 MY Y\? G5U9E BREAD WAS USUALLY EAT5 9 ! C\NTRY-SIDES1 BUT WAS NOT = 
      ! MO/ P>T SOLD 9 ! BIG T[NS2 BUT N[ ! C\NTRY BREAD MADE BY ! BAK]S 
      9 ! SMALL T[N IS WORSE ?AN ! T[N BREAD4 ,= ! C\NTRY-PEOPLE1 AT ALL 
      EV5TS 9 ! C\NTRY ,I KN[1 HAVE QUITE GIV5 UP BAK+ AT HOME & BUY ( ! 
      SMALL T[N BAK]4 ,EV5 ?IRTY YE>S AGO !Y US$ TO BAKE 9 ! COTTAGES & 9 
      ALMO/ ALL OLD COTTAGES AB\T US 79 ,OX=D%IRE1 ,GL\CE/]%IRE7 Y\ WILL SEE 
      FROM )\T ! LITTLE R\ND OV5 BUILT AT ! BACK ( ! FIRE-PLACE3 BUT AS 
      A=ESAID IT IS NEV] US$ N[4 ,P]HAPS Y\ WILL SAY1 ,BUT PEOPLE CAN BAKE AT HOME 
      IF !Y LIKE /ILL4 ,NO1 !Y CANNOT4 ,= TO BAKE A GOOD LOAF Y\ MU/ HAVE GOOD 
      FL\R1 & ?AT IS UNATTA9ABLE2 ! IDEAL ( ! MOD]N MILL] 7IMPORT$ FROM 
      ,AM]ICA1 ,I BELIEVE1 ?AT SPECIAL L& ( MAKE%IFT7 SEEMS TO BE TO R$UCE ! RI* 
      OILY :EAT GRA9S 9TO A *>ACT]I/IC :ITE P[D] LIKE *ALK4 ,:IT5ESS & 
      F95ESS >E :AT !Y SEEM TO AIM AT1 AT ! EXP5SE ( ! QUALITIES :I* >E 
      DISCOV]ABLE BY ! PALATE4 
     
     

      ,SO Y\ SEE1 BREAD IS NOT TO BE HAD N[ BY ANYBODY ALMO/2 & ?IS Y\ MU/ 
      UND]/& IS AN ESS5TIAL *>ACT]I/IC ( ! ,SOCIAL MAKE%IFT2 IT IS =C$ ON 
      ! :OLE POPULATION1 & 9 A V]Y %ORT TIME SUPPLANTS ! ORIG9AL & G5U9E 
      >TICLE 5TIRELY4 
     
     

      ,I SUPPOSE1 TO TAKE ANO!R EXAMPLE ( MAKE%IFT1 ?AT IT WILL NOT BE V]Y LONG 
      BE=E BUTT] WILL CEASE TO BE MADE & M>G>9E WILL TAKE ITS PLACE4 ,ALREADY IT 
      IS EXTREMELY DIFFICULT TO GET DEC5T FRE% BUTT] EI!R 9 T[N OR C\NTRY4 ,Y\ 
      SEE IT TAKES TR\BLE TO MAKE IT WELL1 & IT IS N[ MADE ON A SCALE :I* BR+S IT 
      UND] ! =CE ( ! MOTTO3 ,SAVE TR\BLE1 MAKE MONEY1 & :O C>ES = ! RE/8 
      ,N[ HAV+ JU/ M5TION$ TWO TYPICAL & IMPORTANT >TICLES ( FOOD ,I MU/ DWELL 
      NO LONG] ON ?AT SUBJECT2 BUT BE=E ,I LEAVE IT ,I RECOMM5D Y\ TO READ ,WILLIAM 
      ,COBBETT'S ,COTTAGE ,ECONOMY1 BO? BECAUSE IT IS A V]Y *>M+ & AMUS+ 
      LITTLE BOOK1 & BECAUSE IT GIVES US 9 ITS CONTRA/ BETWE5 N[ & !N A GOOD 
      MEASURE ( ! RAPID ADVANCE ( MAKE%IFT 9 ?IS DETAIL ( LIFE4 
     
     

      ,H[ EASILY WE >E SATISFI$ ) MAKE%IFT 9 ! MATT] ( RAIM5T Y\ HAVE ONLY 
      TO LOOK >\ND Y\ TO SEE4 ,IF Y\ LOOK ON ANY MOD]N CR[D2 :E!R IT IS ! 
      ORD9>Y TO+ & FRO+ ( PEOPLE 9 ! /REETS GO+ AB\T !IR BUS9ESS OR 
      PLEASURE1 OR SOME DEF9ITE GA!R+ = POLITICS OR AMUSEM5T1 OR :AT NOT1 ! 
      G5]AL COLOR ( ! CR[D IS A DIRTY SOOTY BLACK-BR[N-DRAB ) A FEW SPOTS ( 
      DISCORDANT & ILL *OS5 BRI<T HUES DUE ALWAYS TO ! FEM99E P>T ( IT2 ?\< 
      :AT %\LD H9D] US FROM WE>+ H>MONI\S & BEAUTIFUL COLOR1 SAVE ! 
      TYRANNY ( CU/OM>Y MAKE%IFT NO ONE CAN SAY4 ,AS TO ! %APE ( \R G>M5TS IT 
      IS = ! MO/ P>T SO HIDE\S1 ?AT A NEWCOM] FROM ANO!R PLANET W\LD SURELY 
      LOOK UPON \R ASPECT AS AN 9DICATION ( \R DEGRADATION 9 ! SCALE ( LIFE4 ,EV5 
      ! LADIES1 :O HAVE A LITTLE MORE LIC5SE 9 ?IS MATT] ?AN ! NON-ORNAM5TAL 
      SEX1 CANNOT HELP US MU*2 ,I HAVE NOTIC$ ?AT IF EV] !Y DO HIT UPON A PRETTY 
      =M ( DRESS1 ?AT FA%ION ALWAYS PASSES AWAY QUICK] ?AN ANY O!R2 :ILE SOME 
      GROSS PIECE ( DE=MITY1 LIKE E4G4 ! HORRIBLE BUN*+ UP ( ! 
      %\LD]S :I* IS /ILL COMMON1 IS SURE TO BE V]Y LONG-LIV$4 ,H]E AGA9 9 ! 
      MATT] ( DRESS ! MAKE%IFT IS =C$ UPON US1 & ?AT ) GR9D+ TYRANNY2 SO 
      F> FROM ITS BE+ POSSIBLE TO DRESS DEC5TLY N[ADAYS1 EV5 A M]E PROTE/ 9 
      WORDS1 H[EV] FUTILE IT MAY BE1 IS A DIFFICULT ?+ TO DO4 ,EV5 N[1 ,I SEE Y\ 
      ALL ?9K ! WOR/ ( ME BECAUSE ,I HAVE M5TION$ ! SUBJECT4 ,BUT AT LEA/ ONE 
      F9AL %OT ,I WILL TAKE1 & ASK Y\ :AT Y\ ?9K ( ! MAKE%IFT %OES 
      ( ?IS G5]ATION1 & ALL ! CONSEQU5CES ( DE=M$ FEET & LEGS :I* !Y 
      5TAIL8 
     
     

      ,AGA9 NO D\BT IT IS BUT A LITTLE MATT]1 YET ,I %\LD LIKE TO BE ABLE TO BUY GOOD 
      CUTL]Y EV5 IF ,I HAD TO PAY A HI< PRICE = IT4 ,?IRTY YE>S AGO ?IS WAS 
      POSSIBLE1 IT IS SO NO LONG]4 ,A KNIFE ) BLADES :I* WILL CUT = ANY TIME IS 
      NOT TO BE B\<T ANY:]E4 ,! O!R DAY ,I LO/ A PAIR ( NAIL-SCISSORS :I* W\LD 
      CUT & :I* ,I HAD HAD = A LONG TIME2 ,I SET MYSELF TO BUY ANO!R PAIR1 & HAD 
      TO BUY ?REE BE=E ,I CAME ON ! F\R?1 :I* W\LD CUT ONLY RA!R BADLY4 
     
     

      ,I DO NOT CONSID] ! SUBJECT ( PUBLIC AMUSEM5TS TO BE A TRIFL+ ONE2 ,I ?9K IT 
      A V]Y S]I\S MATT] ON ! CONTR>Y1 ?AT ! /&>D ( EXCELL5CE AT !AT]S 
      %\LD BE SO L[1 & ?AT SU* SORRY MAKE%IFTS %\LD BE =C$ ON US AT A GREAT 
      EXP5SE ( ! LABOR ( MANY HONE/ & (T5 NOT UN9TELLIG5T PEOPLE4 ,I SAY ?IS 
      IS S]I\S1 BECAUSE ,I KN[ ! SAD REASON = IT1 TO WIT1 ?AT ! GREAT] P>T ( 
      ! T[N-DWELL]S LIVE SU* W(UL LIVES1 ?AT !IR WORK IS SO ME*ANICAL & DULL1 
      !IR RE/ SO VACU\S1 & TOO (T5 SO WE>Y BECAUSE ( !IR OV]WORK ?AT 
      ANY?+ :I* PRET5DS TO BE AN AMUSEM5T WILL DRAW !M TO IT4 ,I KN[ MORE ( 
      ?IS DISMAL MAKE%IFT1 BECAUSE ,I AM ONE ( ! V]Y LUCK ONES :OSE WORK IS A 
      CON/ANT PLEASURE2 SO ?AT ,I F9D ,I DO NOT WANT MU* ( :AT IS USUALLY CALL$ 
      AMUSEM5T1 ?\< ,I ?OR\<LY APPRECIATE ! B5EFIT ( %E] RE/3 BUT 9 GOOD 
      TRU? ! AMUSEM5T :I* AMUSES ME MO/ IS A QUIET TIME )\T IMM$IATE ANXIETY1 
      9 :I* ,I CAN GET ON ) MY WORK FREE FROM DI/URBANCE4 ,& ,I FEEL SURE ?AT ?IS 
      \<T TO BE ! CASE MORE OR LESS ) ALL PEOPLE4 ,& ONLY :5 ?IS IS ! CASE 
      CAN AMUSEM5TS CEASE TO BE WRET*$ MAKE%IFTS4 ,!RE IS ANO!R K9D ( MAKE%IFT 
      AMUSEM5T1 H[EV]1 :I* CONSI/S 9 GO+ .<ON.> A RAILWAY J\RNEY TO SOME PLACE 
      & !N COM+ BACK AGA94 ,!RE >E TWO ?+S ?AT =CE P]SONS 9TO ?IS 
      BUS9ESS2 ONE ACTS UPON RI* PEOPLE ! O!R ON POOR4 ,) ! RI* PEOPLE IT IS 
      ! UNEASY LONG+ TO BE SOME:]E :]E Y\ >E NOT1 :I* DRIVES PEOPLE TO 
      ,SWITZ]L& & ! ,RH9E & ,ITALY & ,J]USALEM & ! ,NOR? ,POLE1 & :]E 
      NOT3 & = ! MO/ P>T PEOPLE GO TO !SE PLACES ) !IR EYES 9 ! 
      POCKETS1 & EXCEPT ?AT !Y HAVE SATISFI$ !IR ABOVE M5TION$ CRAV+ = 
      P]PETUAL MOTION HAD MU* BETT] HAVE /AY$ AT HOME4 ,) ! POOR PEOPLE ( \R 
      GREAT CITIES & MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICTS IT IS ,I ADMIT DIFF]5T4 ,!IR HOMES >E 
      SO DEVOID ( ALL PLEASURE ( ! S5SES1 ?AT !Y MAY WELL LONG TO HAVE A LOOK N[ 
      & AGA9 AT ! GRE5 FIELDS & ! SUN %9+ UPON !M OR ! W9D & ! 
      RA9 SWEEP+ OV] !M4 ,YET TO MY M9D TO GO FROM A WE>Y UGLY PLACE TO A 
      BEAUTIFUL ONE1 & TO HAVE A LOOK AT IT & !N GO BACK TO ! WE>9ESS & 
      UGL9ESS IS BUT A POOR MAKE%IFT AFT] ALL4 ,I WANT TO SEE ! BEAUTIFUL FACE ( ! 
      E>? NOT ONCE A MON?1 OR ONCE A WEEK1 NOT EV]Y DAY1 BUT G5]ALLY4 ,I C\LD NO 
      MORE AGREE TO ?AT O!R ONCE A MON? BUS9ESS ?AN ,I C\LD TO D9+ ONCE A MON?4 
      ,! REAL PLEASURE ( :I* ?IS TRIPP+ IS A MAKE%IFT IS MAK+ ! PLACE 9 
      :I* Y\ LIVE1 9 :I* Y\ WORK1 BEAUTIFUL & PLEASANT4 ,!N Y\ CAN /AY AT 
      HOME & 5JOY Y\RSELF1 LE>N+ AS Y\ %\LD & W\LD SO ! C\NT5ANCE & 
      EXPRESSION ( EV]Y TREE1 NAY EV]Y B\<1 EV]Y LITTLE SWEEP ( BANK OR HOLL[1 
      TILL !Y BECOME DE> FRI5DS TO Y\ - & SU* DE> FRI5DS4 ,& !N N[ & 
      AGA9 Y\ MAY GO FROM ?AT FRI5DLY HOME TO SEE FRE% BEAUTIES & WOND]S 9 O!R 
      PLACES & TO /ORE Y\R M9D ) MEMORIES = QUIET DAYS1 ALWAYS ) ! 
      CONFID5CE ?AT ! WELL KN[N UNTIR+ BEAUTIES ( Y\R HOME WILL WELCOME Y\ BACK 
      TO ! OLD UNBROK5 PLEASURE4 ,?IS ,I SAY IS :AT \<T TO BE2 :5 Y\ HAVE 
      ?OR\<LY LE>N$ :Y IT CANNOT BE N[1 Y\ WILL1 ,I HOPE & ?9K1 MAKE UP Y\R 
      M9DS ?AT IT %ALL BE BE=E LONG1 & ACT ON ?AT RESOLUTION4 
     
     

      ,N[ LET US TAKE ! H\SES WE DWELL 91 & CONSID] :AT K9D ( A MAKE%IFT ?AT 
      IS IF IT HAS BE5 BUILT )9 ! LA/ HUNDR$ YE>S4 ,IT MU/ BE CLE> TO ALL ( 
      Y\ EV5 ?OSE :O USE Y\R EYES LEA/ ?AT ALMO/ ALL MOD]N H\SES >E BASE 9 
      IDEA & UGLY TO LOOK ON1 ?AT ! AGGREGATION ( !M 9 \R BIG T[NS MAKES \R 
      /REETS REPULSIVE1 & DEGRAD+ TO MOVE AMID1 & ?AT :5 WE COME UPON !M 9 
      ! C\NTRY SIDE !Y >E JU/ SO MANY BLOTS UPON ! BEAUTY ( ! L&SCAPE1 SO 
      ?AT WE AVOID !M UNLESS WE >E DRIV5 TO !M BY %E] NECESSITY2 NOR CAN IT BE 
      PLEAD$ ( !M !Y >E AT LEA/ USEFUL ACCORD+ TO ! TR\BLE & CO/ ( 
      MAK+ !M2 IT IS BY NO MEANS SO2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ( ALL ! WALLS & RO(S ?AT 
      HAVE BE5 GOT TOGE!R = %ELT] FROM W9D & WEA!R !Y >E ! WOR/ 
      PLANN$1 ! MO/ UNCOM=TABLE1 ! MO/ UNREASONABLE2 9 A WORD !Y >E IDIOTIC4 
      ,D\BTLESS ! GREAT] P>T ( Y\ HAVE NO IDEA ( :AT HELPLESS FECKLESS MAKE%IFTS 
      !Y >E = REAL H\SES FIT = SOB] & ?\<TFUL M52 BECAUSE Y\ HAVE NEV] 
      SE5 ANY?+ BETT]1 & >E SO US$ TO !SE1 ?AT Y\ ?9K ?AT !Y >E AB\T 
      :AT H\SES MU/ BE ACCORD+ TO !IR SIZE1 & ! =TUNES ( ! DWELL]S 9 
      !M3 :E!R !Y HAVE SIX SMALL ROOMS OR SIXTY BIG ONES1 :E!R !RE 9DWELL]S 
      E>N SIXTY P\NDS A YE> OR /EAL SIXTY ?\S&4 ,BUT ,I MU/ ASK Y\ TO TAKE MY 
      WORD = IT AT PRES5T1 ?AT SU* H\SES !RE HAVE BE5 AS HAVE MADE ! /REETS 
      9 :I* !Y /& LOVELY TO ! EYE & ELEVAT+ TO ! M9D2 ?AT ! PLAN ( 
      !M WAS H&Y & REASONABLE ACCORD+ TO :AT !IR 9DWELL]S DEM&$ 9 A 
      H\SE2 ?AT SO F> FROM BLOT*+ A FAIR L&SCAPE ) UGL9ESS !Y !MSELVES 
      MADE1 YES & 9 SOME R>E 9/ANCES YET MAKE1 ! *IEF BUILD+ ( ! L&SCAPE2 
      ?AT 9 FACT !Y >E USEFUL & NOT UTILIT>IAN2 :I* WORD 9/EAD EXPRESSES AS ,I 
      ?9K A QUALITY PRETTY NE>LY ! OPPOSITE ( USEFUL1 & MEANS SOME?+ :I* IS 
      USEFUL = NO?+ SAVE SQUEEZ+ MONEY \T ( O!R PEOPLE'S NECESSITIES4 
     
     

      ,AS = ! T[NS & CITIES MADE UP ( !SE MAKE%IFT H\SES1 H[ C\LD !Y BE 
      ANY?+ BUT MAKE%IFT UND] ! CIRCUM/ANCES8 9 ! SPECIAL CASES :I* >E 
      REPRES5TATIVE ( ! CIVILIZ$ MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICT OR ! CITIES :I* HAVE 
      GR[N1 NOT GREAT BUT BIG1 BECAUSE !Y >E ! SEAT ( ! GOV]NM5T ( ! 
      C\NTRY1 ! M]E SIZE IF NO?+ ELSE SEEMS B\ND TO MAKE !M UNMANAGEABLE2 
      CONTRA/ SU* MON/ROSITIES ( HAPHAZ>D GR[? AS Y\R ,MAN*E/]-,SAL=D-,OLDHAM 
      ETC41 OR \R GREAT SPRAWL+ BRICK & MORT> C\NTRY ( ,LONDON1 ) :AT A CITY 
      MI<T BE2 ! C5T] ) ITS BIG PUBLIC BUILD+S1 !AT]S1 SQU>ES & G>D5S3 
      ! ZONE R\ND ! C5T] ) ITS LESS] GILDHALLS GR\P+ TOGE!R ! H\SES ( 
      ! CITIZ5S2 AGA9 ) ITS P>KS & G>D5S2 ! \T] ZONE AGA91 /ILL ITS 
      DI/RICT ( PUBLIC BUILD+S1 BUT ) NO DEF9ITE G>D5S TO IT BECAUSE ! :OLE 
      ( ?IS \T] ZONE W\LD BE A G>D5 ?ICKLY BESPR9KL$ ) H\SES & O!R 
      BUILD+S4 ,& AT LA/ ! SUBURB PROP]1 MO/LY FIELDS & FRUIT G>D5S ) 
      SCANTY H\SES DOTT$ AB\T TILL Y\ COME TO ! OP5 C\NTRY ) ITS OCCASIONAL 
      F>M-/EADS4 ,!RE W\LD BE A CITY = Y\4 ,I DO NOT SAY ?AT ANY SU* HAS EXI/$1 
      BECAUSE 9 ANCI5T & M$IEVAL TIMES ! CITIES W]E =TRESSES1 & ! ?ICK ( 
      !M W]E CONF9$ BY WALLS2 BUT :AT IS TO H9D] SU* K9D ( CITIES BE+ ! 
      TYPE ( ! FUTURE DWELL+ PLACES ( AGGREGAT$ M58 ,NO?+1 IT SEEMS TO ME1 IF 
      M5 %ALL BE FREE TO BUILD !M2 :AT H9D]S IT BE+ DONE N[1 ,I WILL TELL Y\ 
      PRES5TLY4 
     
     

      ,MEANTIME AMID ALL !SE MAKE%IFTS ?AT HAVE TO DO ) ! 9DU/RIAL 
      PRODUCTIONS ( M51 ,I MU/ ADMIT !RE IS ONE CLASS ( WORK :I* PRODUCES ?+S 
      :I* >E NOT MADE 9 A MAKE%IFTY WAY1 AS F> AS ! MAK+ ( !M GOES2 ,I MEAN 
      SETT+ ASIDE !IR PURPOSE2 ONE CLASS1 ,I HAVE SAID1 ,I %\LD HAVE SAID TWO3 FIR/ 
      9/RUM5TS MADE = ! DE/RUCTION ( WEAL? & ! SLAU<T] ( MAN1 ON :I* 
      9DE$ WOND]FUL +5UITY ALMO/ AM\NT+ TO G5IUS IS EXP5D$3 :I* P]HAPS AS 
      ?+S GO IS NOT ALTOGE!R BAD1 = IT MAKES W> MORE EXP5SIVE1 & SO PUTS A 
      SORT ( *ECK UPON IT4 ,?AT IS ONE CLASS ( ?+S MADE ) C>E =E?\<T & 
      SUCCESS2 ! SECOND IS ALL ?AT MASS ( MA*9]Y = ! PRODUCTION ( M>KETABLE 
      W>ES1 :I* IS ! SPECIALTY ( ?IS C5TURY1 & :I* SEEMS N[ GRADUALLY 
      ADVANC+ T[>DS P]FECTION3 BUT WOND]FUL AS IS ALL ! TAL5T & SKILL US$ 
      BO? 9 ITS MAK+ & 9 ! ORGANIZATION ( ! USE ( IT1 YET ?AT V]Y USE ( 
      IT IS AFT] ALL BUT A MAKE%IFT4 ,ALL !SE ADMIRABLY +5I\S MA*9ES APPROA*+ 
      SO NE> P]FECTION ALREADY1 :AT >E !Y SO +5I\SLY US$ =8 ,:OLLY & 
      SOLELY = ! MAK+ ( MAKE%IFTS2 = ! MAK+ ?AT IS ( ?+S :I* NO ONE 
      W\LD ATTEMPT TO USE UNLESS !Y W]E =C$ UPON HIM AS A=ESAID BY ! FACT ?AT 
      !Y SUPPLANT ! G5U9E USEFUL W>ES :I* WE W\LD USE IF WE C\LD4 
     
     

      ,ANO!R MAKE%IFT :I* REALLY CANNOT BE DISSOCIAT$ FROM ! MAKE%IFT ( BUILD+ 
      ABOVE M5TION$ IS A SAD ONE 9DE$1 :I* IS ?AT WE MU/ NE$S TURN ! FAIRNESS 
      ( ! E>? 9 ! V]Y C\NTRYSIDE ITSELF 9TO A MAKE%IFT ( :AT IT %\LD BE4 
      ,& Y\ MU/ UND]/& ?AT ,I AM NOT H]E ?9K+ ONLY ( ! UNSPEAKABLE HORRORS 
      ( ! MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICTS 9 :I* ! FACE ( ! C\NTRY HAS BE5 DE/ROY$1 
      BUT RA!R ( ! VULG>IZATION ( ! C\NTRY :I* IS /ILL C\NTRY2 P>TLY BY 
      ! UTILIT>IAN CULTIVATION ( ! F>M]S1 ! CUTT+ D[N ( TREES1 ! PLA%+ 
      ( H$GES & ! %ABB9ESS & SQUALOR ( ! SURR\ND+S ( !IR F>M/EADS2 
      ! PLEASURE :I* EV]Y PUBLIC BODY1 & ESPECIALLY $UCATIONAL ONES1 SEEMS TO 
      TAKE 9 SUPPLANT+ BEAUTY BY UGL9ESS2 IRON RAIL+S & B>B$ WIRE US$ = 
      /ONE WALLS OR LIV+ H$GES1 BLUE SLATES = /ONE SLATES OR R$ TILES1 ! 
      PLANT+ ( L>* & SPRUCE 9/EAD ( OAK OR O!R REAL TREES1 & SO ON & SO 
      =?1 ALL ! ?\S& & ONE WAYS 9 :I* WE BELIE \R FOOLI% BOA/ ( \R 
      WEAL? & \R COMMON-S5SE3 ?AT IS ONE SIDE ( ! SAID MAKE%IFT2 ! O!R IS A 
      CURI\S ONE1 & ALMO/ MAKES ONE LAU< AMID ( ONE'S ANG]3 = IT IS DONE BY 
      PEOPLE :O >E SO SUBLIMELY UNCONSCI\S ( !IR VULG>ITY ?AT !Y FAIRLY 
      CONSID] !MSELVES SUBLIME RA!R ?AN RIDICUL\S ,I AM ?9K+ ( ! RESULT ( 
      ! RESID5CE ( RI* M5 9 ! C\NTRYSIDE4 ,! SQUALOR ( ! F>M]S ABOVE 
      M5TION$ IS NO D\BT L>GELY ! RESULT ( /UPIDITY1 BUT ) !M POV]TY CAN BE 
      PLEAD$2 BUT ! RI* SQUIRE->*Y & NOBILITY >E NOT =C$ BY LACK ( P5CE TO 
      COCKNEYIZE ! C\NTRYSIDE2 BUT YET SO SOON AS EV] Y\ COME ACROSS A VILLAGE 
      TURN$ SM>T BUT DULL BY IDIOTIC >*ITECT-TOORAL-LOORAL EXCRESC5CES & *ANGES2 
      ! COCK-TAIL$ S*OOL1 ! RE/OR$ *UR*1 ! ,LADY ,B\NTIFUL COTTAGES1 ! 
      LODGES ( ! ,BAYSWAT] PATT]N1 ! C>PET G>D5+ ( ! VIC>'S G>D5 & SO 
      =?1 !N LOOK \T = ! BIG H\SE ( MY LORD OR ,SIR ,ROB]T1 OR ,CAPTA9 
      ,KILLMI/]1 & Y\ >E SURE TO F9D IT PRES5TLY & UNLESS IT BE AN OLD H\SE1 OR 
      Y\ HAVE NOT GOT ! REAL USE ( Y\R EYES1 Y\ WILL BE HE>TILY SORRY ?AT Y\ 
      HAV5'T MISS$ IT1 SU* A LUMP ( UGL9ESS & VULG>ITY IT WILL BE4 
     
     

      ,LIT]ATURE & ! F9E >TS ,I WILL ONLY JU/ NAME2 = TO SAY ! UGLY TRU? !RE 
      >E SO MANY MAKE%IFTS CURR5T 9 !M ?AT IT W\LD TAKE MORE ?AN ALL MY TIME 
      M]ELY TO RUN ?R\< !M4 ,JU/ ONE WORD H[EV] AB\T ! F9E >TS1 BY :I* ,I 
      MEAN PA9T+1 SCULPTURE & ! LIKE2 ,I %\LD LIKE Y\ TO SEE ONE PO9T ) MY 
      EYES1 & ?AT IS1 ?AT ! V]Y F\NDATION ( ?IS F9E OR F9E/ >T1 IS ?AT 
      FACE ( NATURE & ! ASPECT ( ! ORD9>Y DWELL+S ( M51 ! CONDITION ( 
      :I* ,I HAVE BE5 BEWAIL+ TO Y\2 !Y >E 9 FACT BO? F9E >T 9 !MSELVES 
      & ALSO ! MAT]IAL FROM :I* F9E >T IS FA%ION$1 & IF !Y >E DEGRAD$1 
      IT IS IMPOSSIBLE ?AT ! SPECIAL >TS CAN BE ANY?+ ELSE ?AN MAKE%IFT4 ,I CAN 
      NO MORE ?9K ( !IR BE+ O!RWISE IF !IR F\NDATION IS ROTT51 ?AN ,I CAN ( 
      MUSIC EXI/+ )\T ! S\NDS ( NATURE1 ! SONG ( BIRDS1 ! VOICES ( 
      CATTLE1 ! RIPPLE ( /REAMS1 ! WA% ( ! SEA1 ! NOISE ( ! W9D & ! 
      RA9 & ! ?UND]4 ,SO MAKE UP Y\R M9DS TO ?IS ?AT IF Y\ CANNOT HAVE AN 
      ORD9>Y WORK+ MAN'S DWELL+ BEAUTIFUL1 Y\ NE$ NOT TRY AFT] GETT+ A 
      BEAUTIFUL PICTURE4 
     
     

      ,I WI% ,I C\LD TELL Y\ :AT ,I REALLY ?9K ( ! MAKE%IFT9ESS ( $UCATION2 H[ 
      DIFF]5T ! BE/ :I* WE HAVE N[ IS FROM :AT IT \<T TO BE4 ,BUT AT LEA/ ,I 
      WILL SAY ?IS ?AT IF WE GRUDGE = SAKE ( CO/ MAK+ \R NATIONAL $UCATION AS 
      GOOD = ! PASS+ H\R AS WE CAN MAKE IT1 WE HAD BETT] GIVE UP ANY CLAIM ?AT 
      WE HAVE EV] MADE TO BE A COMMONS5SE OR PRACTICAL PEOPLE4 IT SEEMS TO ME IT COMES 
      TO ?IS2 SAY Y\ HAVE DET]M9$ TO DO SOME?+ = #e1 & Y\ F9D ?AT 9 
      ORD] TO DO IT PROP]LY Y\ MU/ SP5D ANO!R #a12 ?AT 9 FACT Y\ WILL SPOIL 
      Y\R WORK UNLESS Y\ SP5D IT3 W\LDN'T IT BE V]Y MU* *EAP] TO SP5D #f1 9 
      DO+ IT ?AN #e1 9 NOT DO+ IT8 ,?AT IS ! WAY WE %\LD TREAT ?IS 
      MATT] ( NATIONAL $UCATION1 IT SEEMS TO ME1 I4E4 DET]M9E TO MAKE IT AS 
      DEC5T AN $UCATION AS WE KN[ H[ :ATEV] ! CO/ MAY BE4 ,IT WILL NOT BE TOO 
      GOOD EV5 !N P]HAPS2 BUT AT LEA/ LET US BEG9 BY DISC>D+ ! FOOLI% IDEA 
      ?AT WE TEA* PEOPLE 9 ORD] TO FIT !M TO BECOME WORKM5 & WOM5 DESIRABLE TO 
      BE EMPLOY$ BY ! CAPITALI/S3 WE %\LD TEA* !M ) ONE AIM 9 VIEW1 TO MAKE 
      !IR LIVES PLEASANT] TO !M3 ANY O!R AIM WILL RESULT 9 DEPLORABLE MAKE%IFT4 
     
     

      ,WELL N[1 ,I HAVE GONE OV] A GOOD MANY MATT]S :I* >E 9DE$ BUT SAMPLES ( ! 
      G5]AL GREAT MAKE%IFT CALL$ CIVILIZATION2 & IF ,I AM RI<T 9 MY VIEWS AS TO 
      ! UNIV]SALITY ( MAKE%IFT N[ADAYS1 ! PRES5T EPO* MU/ SURELY BE SICK ( 
      SOME SORE DISEASE ( :I* !SE MIS]IES & DISCOM=TS >E ! SYMPTOMS4 ,SO ,I 
      WILL AT ONCE NAME ! DISEASE1 & !N WE WILL HAVE A FEW WORDS AB\T ITS CURE1 IF 
      Y\ WILL LI/5 TO ME SO LONG4 ,! NAME ( ! DISEASE ( :I* ! CIVILIZ$ WORLD 
      IS SICK1 IS ,POV]TY4 ,! REASON :Y WE PUT UP ) ALL !SE MAKE%IFTS IS BECAUSE 
      WE >E SO POOR ?AT WE CANNOT HELP IT4 ,WE >E TOO POOR TO HAVE PLEASANT GRE5 
      FIELDS & BREEZY MOORL& 9/EAD ( !SE DREADFUL DES]TS ?AT SURR\ND US H]E3 
      TOO POOR TO HAVE RATIONAL1 PROP]LY PLANN$ CITIES1 & BEAUTIFUL H\SES FIT = 
      HONE/ M5 TO LIVE 93 TOO POOR TO PREV5T \R *ILDR5 GR[+ UP 9 IGNORANCE3 
      TOO POOR TO PULL D[N \R PRISONS & WORK-H\SES & BUILD FAIR HALLS & PUBLIC 
      BUILD+S ON !IR SITES = ! PLEASURE ( ! CITIZ5S3 TOO POOR ABOVE ALL 
      ?+S TO GIVE OPPORTUNITY TO EV]Y ONE TO DO ! WORK :I* HE CAN DO ! BE/ & 
      !RE=E ) PLEASURE 9 ! DO+ ( IT4 ,:AT DO ,I SAY6 TOO POOR TO MAKE PEACE 
      9 \R MID/1 & MAKE AN 5D AT LA/ TO ! W> BETWE5 RI* & POOR1 BETWE5 ! 
      HAVE-ALLS1 & ! LACK-ALLS4 
     
     

      ,?AT1 ,I SAY1 IS ! DISEASE3 :AT IS ! CURE8 ,WELL BY ?IS TIME ,I BELIEVE !RE 
      >E A GOOD MANY PRES5T :O KN[ AT LEA/ ! K9D ( TREATM5T NECESS>Y = ?IS 
      SICK MAN4 ,BUT LET ME ONCE AGA9 SAY :AT ,I HAVE SO (T5 SAID 9 ,MAN*E/] ALREADY 
      ON ?AT TREATM5T4 ,= ,I SAY ! CAUSE ( ! DISEASE IS POV]TY1 FROM :I* NOT 
      ONLY ALL ! NATIONS BUT ! :OLE ( EA* NATION SUFF]S1 IS JU/ ?AT V]Y W> 
      BETWE5 ! HAVE-ALLS & LACK-ALLS :I* ,I SPOKE ( A M9UTE AGO3 ! HAVE-ALLS 
      P]PETUALLY =TIFY+ !IR POSITION1 = !Y HAVE NO IDEA ( H[ TO LIVE \T ( 
      IT3 ! LACK-ALLS P]PETUALLY /RUGGL+ TO GA9 A LITTLE MORE1 & YET A 
      LITTLE MORE IF !Y ONLY CAN4 ,TAKE NOTE ALSO ?AT ! RESULT ( ?IS W> IS 
      NECESS>ILY WA/E4 ,I NOTIC$ ?AT ! O!R DAY ,MR4 ,BALF\R WAS SAY+ ?AT 
      ,SOCIALISM WAS IMPOSSIBLE BECAUSE UND] IT WE %\LD PRODUCE SO MU* LESS ?AN WE DO 
      N[4 ,N[ ,I SAY ?AT WE MI<T PRODUCE HALF OR A QU>T] ( :AT WE DO N[1 & YET 
      BE MU* WEAL?I]1 & CONSEQU5TLY MU* HAPPI]1 ?AN WE >E N[3 & ?AT BY 
      TURN+ :ATEV] LABOR WE EX]CIS$1 9TO ! PRODUCTION ( USEFUL ?+S1 ?+S 
      ?AT WE ALL WANT1 & NOT BY REFUS+ TO LABOR 9 PRODUC+ USELESS ?+S1 ?+S 
      :I* NONE ( US1 NOT EV5 FOOLS WANT4 ,:AT A /RANGE SI<T W\LD BE A GREAT MUSEUM 
      ( SAMPLES ( ALL ! M>KET-W>ES :I* ! LABOR+ M5 ( ?IS C\NTRY PRODUCE6 
      ,:AT A MANY ( !M !RE W\LD BE :I* EV]Y REASONABLE MAN W\LD HAVE TO TICKET 
      AS USELESS6 
     
     

      ,MY FRI5DS1 A V]Y GREAT MANY PEOPLE >E EMPLOY$ 9 PRODUC+ M]E NUISANCES1 LIKE 
      B>B$ WIRE1 #a TON GUNS1 SKY SIGNS & ADV]TIS+ BO>DS = ! DISFIGUREM5T 
      ( ! GRE5 FIELDS ALONG ! RAILWAYS & SO =?4 ,BUT AP>T FROM !SE 
      NUISANCES1 H[ MANY MORE >E EMPLOY$ 9 MAK+ M>KET W>ES = RI* PEOPLE :I* 
      >E ( NO USE :ATEV] EXCEPT TO 5ABLE ! SAID RI* TO ^*SP5D !IR MONEY' AS 
      'TIS CALL$2 & AGA9 H[ MANY MORE 9 PRODUC+ WRET*$ MAKE%IFTS = ! 
      WORK+ CLASSES BECAUSE !Y >E SO POOR ?AT !Y CAN AF=D NO?+ BETT]8 
      ,SLAVE-W>ES = WAGE-SLAVES ,I HAVE CALL$ !M BE=E1 & ,I CALL !M SO N[ 
      AGA94 ,9 %ORT 9 ONE WAY OR ANO!R ALL ! 9DU/RY ( ! C\NTRY IS WA/$1 
      BECAUSE ! SY/EM WE >E UND]TAK+1 WE ONE ) ANO!R1 JU/ ALL[S US TO LIVE1 
      SOME HONE/LY BUT MIS]ABLY1 SOME DI%ONE/LY & EMPTILY1 & NO MORE4 
     
     

      ,= AFT] ALL ! PRODUC]S ?\< !Y DO 9CID5TALLY PRODUCE SOME UTILITIES1 OR 
      WE C\LDN'T GO ON AT ALL1 YET ! ESS5CE ( ! REASON ( !IR PRODUCTION IS NOT 
      ! PRODUCTION ( GOODS BUT ( PR(ITS = ?OSE :O >E 
      PRIVILEG$ TO LIVE ON O!R PEOPLE'S LABOR4 ,?AT IS :AT \R PRES5T COMM]CIAL 
      & GOV]NM5TAL SY/EM IS ORGANIZ$ =1 & = ?AT IT ORGANIZES LABOR & DOES 
      IT SPL5DIDLY1 MAGNIFIC5TLY1 UNFAIL+LY4 ,BUT IF Y\ TRY TO GET IT TO ORGANIZE 
      ANY?+ ELSE1 IT BREAKS D[N DIRECTLY4 ,IT CAN DO ?AT ONE ?+ ONLY & NO?+ 
      ELSE4 
     
     

      ,I TELL Y\ ?AT ! :OLE PEOPLE CAN NEV] BE HAPPY UND] SU* A SY/EM1 ?AT UND] 
      IT !IR LIFE MU/ BE A WRET*$ MAKE%IFT4 ,! :OLE PEOPLE CAN ONLY BE HAPPY :5 
      IT IS WORK+ = ! :OLE PEOPLE1 & IS ORGANIZ$ TO ?AT 5D4 ,!N WE HAVE AN 
      5D ( MAKE%IFTS1 = :5 WE >E WORK+ TO SUPPLY \R [N WANTS :Y %\LD WE 
      WORK WORSE ?AN WELL8 & !N TOO EV]YBODY W\LD HAVE DUE SYMPA?Y ) HIS 
      NEI<BOR BESIDES DUE CONFID5CE2 IT IS ONLY ! CRAFTSMAN ?AT CAN KN[ ! REAL 
      DIFFICULTIES ( ! CRAFTSMAN1 & E/IMATE ! EXCELL5CE ( HIS WORK3 ONLY :5 
      ! C>P5T] IS WORK+ = ! BLACKSMI?1 ! BLACKSMI? = ! PL[MAN & 
      SO ON EA* = EA*1 ?AT ALL LABOR BECOMES 9T]E/+ & FRI5DLY BETWIXT ALL 
      M52 :5 WE %ALL NOT BE LIV+ 9 SEP>ATE CAMPS >M$ TO KEEP \T ! O!RS1 
      BUT 9 DIFF]5T WORK%OPS :OSE SECRETS %ALL BE OP5 TO ALL4 
     
     

      ,! OLD QUE/ION3 ,H[ %ALL WE BR+ IT AB\T8 ,MY FRI5DS1 Y\ KN[ A GOOD DEAL ( 
      ?AT N[1 & ,I NE$ NOT TELL Y\ MU* AB\T IT4 ,YET ,I WILL NOT %IRK ! QUE/ION4 
      ,! PRES5T MAKE%IFT SY/EM W\LD KEEP Y\ MA*9ES AS Y\ HAVE BE5 SO LONG1 F$ 
      LIKE MA*9ES1 T5D$ LIKE MA*9ES1 MADE TO WORK LIKE MA*9ES - & CA/ AWAY 
      LIKE MA*9ES1 :5 Y\ >E NO LONG] CAPABLE ( BE+ KEPT 9 WORK+ ORD]4 ,Y\R 
      ANSW] TO ?AT IS TO CLAIM TO BE CONSID]$ AS CITIZ5S4 ,I ?9K ?AT Y\ 
      >E ALREADY BEG9N+ TO DO4 ,! CLAIM = A LIV+ WAGE1 = DEAL+ ) ! 
      MATT] ( ! UNEMPLOY$1 = A LEGAL %ORT5+ ( ! H\RS ( LABOR & O!R 
      ?+S ( ?AT K9D1 ,I DO NOT BELIEVE TO BE EA* ( !M 9FALLIBLE NO/RUMS = 
      ! IMM$IATE *ANGE ( SOCIETY2 BUT ! SUM ( !SE DEM&S EV5 N[ 7& !Y 
      WILL GO ON 9CREAS+ YE> BY YE>1 NO D\BT7 DO MEAN TO MY M9D ! AWAK5+ TO 
      ?AT CLAIM2 TO ! CLAIM = ! WORKM5 TO DEAL ) !IR [N AFFAIRS2 & ?AT 
      AGA9 MEANS ! DRIV+ ( ! ?9 $GE ( ! W$GE 9TO ! PRES5T SY/EM ( 
      PROP]TY1 :I*1 AS ,I HAVE SAID BE=E1 MU/ BE BROK5 UP BE=E WE CAN PRODUCE 
      RATIONALLY & HAPPILY1 & PUT AN 5D TO MAKE%IFTS4 
     
     

      ,BUT 9 BR++ ?IS AB\T1 ,I MU* FE> ?AT WE MU/ USE ONE MAKE%IFT1 POLITICS TO 
      WIT1 ! GRIEV\S MAKE%IFT =C$ UPON US 9 ! PLACE ( S]I\S & WISE 
      DISCUSSION ( \R [N AFFAIRS :I* WILL ONE DAY TAKE ITS DUE PLACE4 ,IF WE C\LD DO 
      )\T ?IS NUISANCE1 IT W\LD BE WELL2 BUT ,I DO ?9K ?AT IT IS AS ?+S GO ! 
      %ORTE/ OR P]HAPS ! ONLY ROAD TO ! *ANGE :I* WE CAN FOLL[4 ,YET ONE 
      CAUTION ,I W\LD GIVE TO ALL ?OSE :O >E TRY+ TO BR+ AB\T ! BEG9N+S ( 
      TRUE ,SOCIETY2 NAMELY ?AT POLITICAL ACTION MU/ BE LOOK$ ON AS ! MEANS & NOT 
      ! 5D ( ! /RUGGLE3 ?AT SEEMS OBVI\S1 BUT ,I AM SURE IT IS A 
      NECESS>Y W>N+2 = PEOPLE 9 ! HEAT ( ELECTIONE]+ >E V]Y APT TO =GET 
      :AT WE >E /RIV+ = 7:I* ,I H]E SAY D[NRI<T IS PRACTICAL EQUALITY7 & TO 
      ?9K !Y HAVE DONE ALL :5 !Y HAVE GOT !IR C&IDATE 9TO P>LIAM5T2 OR IF 
      !Y >E BEAT5 GET SO DISC\RAG$ ?AT !Y >E APT TO ?R[ UP ! :OLE MATT]4 
      ,SO ,I SAY PROPAG&A FIR/1 I4E4 TEA*+ PEOPLE :AT IT IS ?AT WE WANT 
      & H[ REASONABLE & NECESS>Y IT IS4 ,A GREAT DEAL HAS BE5 DONE 9 ?IS 
      DIRECTION1 BUT SURELY NOT 5\<4 ,NO1 NOT 5\< TILL EV]Y WORK+-MAN & WOMAN 
      HAS HAD ! HOPE ( ! FUTURE PUT BE=E HIM OR H] TO REJECT OR ACCEPT2 YES & 
      PUT BE=E !M 9 SU* A WAY1 SO (T51 SO CLE>LY1 SO HONE/LY ?AT ALMO/ ALL 
      WILL ACCEPT IT4 
     
     

      ,N[ ,I = MY P>T BELIEVE ?AT :5 ?AT HAS BE5 DONE1 :5 ,SOCIALISM HAS BE5 
      ACCEPT$1 ! MEANS ( ATTA9+ ?AT 5D WILL AT LEA/ 9 ?IS C\NTRY BE F\ND 
      READY TO H&1 & WE %ALL SOON F9D BY PRACTICE1 ?AT WE ! HEIRS ( ALL ! 
      AGES HAVE BE5 POV]TY /RICK5 BY A SORT ( MAGIC1 & NOT BY ! UNALT]ABLE 
      CONDITIONS ( NATURE :I* 5VIRON US2 OR 9 O!R WORDS ?AT IT IS \R [N FAULTS 
      ?AT WE LIVE ?IS MAKE%IFT LIFE UND] :I* IF WE BUT KNEW IT BO? RI* & POOR 
      SUFF]2 BUT ! POOR SO MU* ! MORE ?AT !Y >E 9 FACT ANO!R NATION ?AN ! 
      RI* LIV+ 9 ANO!R C\NTRY1 :I* MO/ SURELY W\LD SEEM TO ! RI* IF !Y 
      W]E CONDEMN$ TO LIVE 9 IT LIKE A M]E PRISON RUL$ OV] BY ! CRUEL JAIL]S' 
      FOLLY & GRE$4 
     
     

      ,ONE WORD MORE3 ,I AM N[ GR[+ AN OLD MAN1 & IT IS LITTLE LIKELY ?AT ,I %ALL 
      SEE ! COM+ AB\T ( ! GREAT *ANGE FROM PRIVILEGE & COMPETITION TO EQUALITY 
      & MUTUAL HELP4 ,BUT MANY ( Y\ ,I HOPE WILL DO SO1 & EV5 N[ ,I SEEM AT LEA/ TO 
      SEE ! BEG9N+ ( IT & H[ GREAT A DIFF]5CE !RE IS BETWE5 ! OP9ION ( 
      ! WORK+ CLASSES N[ & FIFTE5 YE>S AGO2 & H]EAB\TS 9 ! NOR!RN 
      MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICTS ! *ANGE HAS BE51 ,I FULLY BELIEVE1 SOME:AT SUDD5 EV54 
      ,I MU/ TELL Y\ ?AT :5 ,I FIR/ CAME PREA*+ ,SOCIALISM 9 ,MAN*E/] ! 
      PROSPECT WAS BY NO MEANS HOPEFUL2 & N[ IT IS ON ! CONTR>Y V]Y HOPEFUL4 ,! 
      WORK+ M5 ( ,S\? ,LANCA%IRE >E N[ AT LA/ T\*$1 & ,I HOPE & 
      ?9K ?AT !IR PROGRESS WILL BE SPE$Y4 ,N[ MANY ?+S NO D\BT HAVE HELP$ TO 
      BR+ ?IS AB\T1 NO D\BT *IEFLY ?IS1 ?AT ?\< WE C\LD NOT SEE IT ?OSE 
      YE>S AGO1 YET PEOPLE W]E GETT+ READY = ! *ANGE4 
     
     

      ,NEV]!LESS ?\< ! FIELDS BE :ITE = H>VE/1 !RE NE$S MU/ BE LABOR]S 
      = ?AT H>VE/2 & H]E Y\ HAVE HAD SOME V]Y /URDY LABOR]S3 & AMONG ALL 
      ( !SE ,I MU/ NE$S P>TICUL>IZE1 ! $ITOR ( ,! ,CL>ION & HIS 
      FELL[-WORK]S4 ,IT IS DIFFICULT TO EXAGG]ATE ! S]VICE :I* HAS BE5 R5D]$ 
      TO ! CAUSE BY !IR UNCOMPROMIS+ /RAI<T=W>D1 G5]\S1 & AT ! SAME 
      TIME GOOD-TEMP]$ ADVOCACY ( ,SOCIALISM4 ,& ,I = ONE AM GLAD TO HAVE ! 
      OPPORTUNITY ( ?ANK+ !M = IT PUBLICLY H]E 9 ,MAN*E/]1 AS ,I HAVE LONG 
      DONE PRIVATELY AT HOME4 ,LET US HOPE !N1 MY FRI5DS1 ?AT ?IS NEW ,MAN*E/] 
      ,S*OOL2 ! S*OOL :I* ADVOCAT$ CIVIL & RELIGI\S LIB]TY1 EQUALITY ( ALL 
      CITIZ5S BE=E ! LAW1 ABOLI%+ ( FEUDAL SURVIVALS1 FRE$OM ( M>KETS1 BUT 
      MADE ! ONE ESS5TIAL MI/AKE ( HAV+ NO EYES TO SEE ANY 9HABITANTS 9 ?IS 
      C\NTRY BEL[ ! LEVEL ( ! PROSP]\S MIDDLE CLASSES :OSE M\?PIECE IT WAS4 
     
     

      ,LET US LE>N \R LESSON BETT] ?AN ?AT & TAKE C>E ?AT \R PRES5T /RUGGLE 
      LEAVES BEH9D IT NO CLASS DI/9CTION1 BUT BR+S AB\T ONE CONDITION ( EQUALITY 
      = ALL2 :I* CONDITION ( SOCIETY IS ! ONLY ONE :I* CAN DRAW \T TO ! FULL 
      ! V>Y+ CAPACITIES ( ! CITIZ5S & MAKE ! MO/ ( ! KN[L$GE & SKILL 
      ( MANK9D1 ! GA9 ( SO MANY AGES1 & ?US DO AWAY = EV] ) ,M,A,K,E,%,I,F,T4 
     
     
      ,BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ,NOTE 
     
     
       ,TITLE 
     
     

      ,MAKE%IFT 
     
     
      ,DELIV]Y 
     
    #a#h? ,NOVEMB] #a#h#i#d1   AT A MEET+ SPONSOR$ BY ! ,ANCOATS ,RECREATION ,COMMITTEE AT ,NEW ,ISL+TON ,HALL1 ,ANCOATS1 ,MAN*E/]4 
     
      ,PUBLICATION 
     
    ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS3 ,>TI/1 ,WRIT]1 ,SOCIALI/ 7,VOL ,I,I7 $4 ,MAY ,MORRIS 
     

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,MAKE%IFT -- ,UPDAT$4 

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