,LETT]S WRITT5 ,AUGU/ #b#a-#b#b1 #aibg FROM ! ,DEA? ,H\SE1 ,MASSA*USETTS ,/ATE ,PRISON 

#aibg 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,B>TOLOMEO ,VANZETTI 

,TAGS 3 FRI5DS & COMRADES1 MASSA*USETTS /ATE PRISON1 ALVAN T FULL]1 SACCO & VANZETTI1 DEA? H\SE1 /ATE PRISON1 MASSA*USETTS /ATE1 DEF5SE COMMITTEE1 SUPREME C\RT1 DEA?4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY #aLLU/R#dTR 4COM1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D ,LIC5SE ,LETT]S ( ,B>TOLOMEO ,VANZETTI FROM ! ,DEA? 
,H\SE 

,AUGU/ #d1 #a#i#b#g4 

,FROM ! ,DEA? ,H\SE ( ! ,MASSA*USETTS ,/ATE ,PRISON 

,T,O ,! ,D,E,F,5,S,E ,C,O,M,M,I,T,T,E,E3 

,GOV]NOR ,ALVAN ,T4 ,FULL] IS A MURD]] AS ,?AY]1 ,KATZMANN1 ! ,/ATE 
P]JURORS & ALL ! O!R4  ,HE %AKE H& ) ME LIKE A BRO!R1 
MAKE ME BELIEVE HE WAS HONE/LY 9T5TION$ & ?AT HE HAD NOT S5T ! 
?REE C>B>N-BOY TO HAVE NO ESCUSE TO SAVE US4 

,N[ IGNOR+ & D5IA ALL ! PRO(S ( \R 9NOC5CE & 9SULT US 
& MURD] US4  ,WE >E 9NOC5T4 

,?IS IS A W> ( PLUTOCRACY AGA9/ LIB]TY1 AGA9/ ! PEOPLE4 

,WE DIE = ,AN>CY4  ,LONG LIFE ,AN>CY4 

  

  

.<,?IS LETT] WAS WRITT5 DIRECTLY AFT] ,VANZETTI LE>N$ ( ! ,GOV]NOR'S 
DECISION NOT TO COMMUTE ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI'S S5T5CES OR SAVE !IR LIVES 
9 ANY O!R WAY4  ,! H&WRIT+ WAS EXTREMELY SLOPPY AS OPPOS$ 
TO ,VANZETTI'S O!R LETT]S4  ,?AY] REF]S TO ,JUDGE ,WEB/] ,?AY]1 
! PRESID+ JUDGE AT ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI'S TRIAL & MOTION HE>+S4  
,KATZMANN REF]S TO ,FR$]ICK ,G4 ,KATZMANN1 ! PROSECUT+ ATTORNEY :O 
TRI$ ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI4.> 

  

,AUGU/ #b#a1 #a#i#b#g4 

,FROM ! ,DEA? ,H\SE ( ! ,MASSA*USETTS ,/ATE ,PRISON 

,D,E,> ,F,R,I,5,D,S ,& ,C,O,M,R,A,D,E,S ,( ,! ,S,A,C,C,O-,V,A,N,Z,E,T,T,I ,D,E,F,5,S,E ,C,O,M,M,I,T,T,E,E3 

,AFT] TOMORR[ MID-NI<T1 WE WILL BE EXECUT$1 SAVE A NEW /AY+ ( 
! EXECUTION BY EI!R ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ,SUPREME ,C\RT OR BY ,GOV]NOR 
,ALVAN ,T4 ,FULL]4 

,WE HAVE NO HOPE4  ,?IS MORN+1 \R BRAVE DEF5D] & FRI5D ,MI*AEL 
,ANGELO ,MUSMANNO WAS H]E FROM HIS RETURN FROM ,WA%+TON1 & TOLD US HE 
W\LD COME BACK ?IS AFT]NOON IF HE W\LD HAVE TIME = IT4  ,ALSO 
,ROSA & ,LUIGI W]E H]E ?IS MORN+1 & !Y TOO1 PROMIS$ US TO RETURN 
?IS AFT]NOON4  ,BUT N[ IT IS #e3#c ,P4,M4 & NO ONE RETURN$ YET4  
,?IS TELLS US ?AT !RE IS NO GOOD NEWS = US1 =1 IF SO1 SOME ( Y\ 
W\LD HAVE HURRI$ TO BR+ !M TO US4  ,IT ALMO/ TELLS US ?AT ALL 
Y\R EF=TS HAVE FAIL$ & ?AT Y\ >E SP5D+ !SE REMA9+ FEW 
H\RS 9 DESP]ATE & HOPELESS EF=TS TO EVITATE \R EXECUTION4  
,9 A WORD1 WE FEEL LO/6 ,!RE=E1 WE DECID$ TO WRITE ?IS LETT] TO 
Y\ TO EXPRESS \R GRATITUDE & ADMIRATION = ALL :AT Y\ HAVE DONE 
9 \R DEF5SE DUR+ !SE SEV5 YE>S1 F\R MON?S1 & ELEV5 DAYS ( 
/RUGGLE4 

,?AT WE LO/ & HAVE TO DIE DOES NOT DIM9I% \R APPRECIATION & 
GRATITUDE = Y\R GREAT SOLID>ITY ) US & \R FAMILIES4 

,FRI5DS & ,COMRADES1 N[ ?AT ! TRAG$Y ( ?IS TRIAL IS AT AN 5D1 
BE ALL AS ( ONE HE>T4  ,ONLY TWO ( US WILL DIE4  ,\R IDEAL1 
Y\ \R COMRADES1 WILL LIVE BY MILLIONS2 WE HAVE WON1 BUT NOT VANQUI%$4  
,JU/ TREASURE \R SUFF]+1 \R SORR[1 \R MI/AKES1 \R DEFEATS1 \R 
PASSION = FUTURE BATTLES & = ! GREAT EMANCIPATION4 

,BE ALL AS ( ONE HE>T 9 ?IS BLACKE/ H\R ( \R TRAG$Y4  ,& 
HAVE HE>T4 

,SALUTE = US ALL ! FRI5DS & COMRADES ( ! E>?4 

,WE EMBRACE Y\ ALL1 & BID Y\ ALL \R EXTREME GOOD-BYE ) \R HE>TS 
FILL$ ) LOVE & AFFECTION4  ,N[ & EV]1 LONG LIFE TO Y\ ALL1 
LONG LIFE TO ,LIB]TY4  ,Y\RS 9 LIFE & DEA?1 

,B,>,T,O,L,O,M,E,O ,V,A,N,Z,E,I,T,I 

,N,I,C,O,L,A ,S,A,C,C,O 

  

,AUGU/ #b#a1 #a#i#b#g4 

,FROM ! ,DEA? ,H\SE ( ,MASSA*UES/S ,/ATE ,PRISON 

,M,Y ,D,E,> ,D,A,N,T,E3 

,I /ILL HOPE1 & WE WILL FI<T UNTIL ! LA/ MOM5T1 TO REV9DICATE 
\R RI<T TO LIVE & TO BE FREE1 BUT ALL ! =CES ( ! ,/ATE & ( 
! MONEY & REACTION >E DEADLY AGA9/ US BECAUSE WE >E LIB]T>IANS 
OR AN>*I/S4 

,I WRITE LITTLE ( ?IS BECAUSE Y\ >E N[ & YET TOO Y\NG TO UND]/& 
!SE ?+S & O!R ?+S ( :I* ,I W\LD LIKE TO REASON ) Y\4 

,BUT1 IF Y\ DO WELL1 Y\ WILL GR[ & UND]/& Y\R FA!R'S & 
MY CASE & Y\R FA!R'S & MY PR9CIPLES1 = :I* WE WILL SOON BE 
PUT TO DEA?4 

,I TELL Y\ N[ ?AT ALL ?AT ,I KN[ ( Y\R FA!R1 HE IS NOT A CRIM9AL1 
BUT ONE ( ! BRAVE/ M5 ,I EV] KNEW4  ,SOME DAY Y\ WILL UND]/& 
:AT ,I AM AB\T TO TELL Y\4  ,?AT Y\R FA!R HAS SACRIFIC$ EV]Y?+ 
DE> & SACR$ TO ! HUMAN HE>T & S\L = HIS FATE 9 LIB]TY & 
JU/ICE = ALL4  ,?AT DAY Y\ WILL BE PR\D ( Y\R FA!R1 & IF 
Y\ COME BRAVE 5\<1 Y\ WILL TAKE HIS PLACE 9 ! /RUGGLE BETWE5 
TYRANNY & LIB]TY & Y\ WILL V9DICATE HIS .<\R.> NAMES & \R BLOOD4 

,IF WE HAVE TO DIE N[1 Y\ %ALL KN[1 :5 Y\ WILL BE ABLE TO UND]/& 
?IS TRAG$Y 9 ITS FULLE/1 H[ GOOD & BRAVE Y\R FA!R HAS BE5 ) 
Y\1 Y\R FA!R & ,I1 DUR+ !SE EI<T YE>S ( /RUGGLE1 SORR[1 PASSION1 
ANGUI% & AGONY4 

,EV5 FROM N[ Y\ %ALL BE GOOD1 BRAVE ) Y\R MO!R1 ) ,9ES1 
& ) ,SUSIE--BRAVE1 GOOD ,SUSIE- -& DO ALL Y\ CAN TO CONSOLE & HELP 
!M4 

,I W\LD LIKE Y\ TO ALSO REMEMB] ME AS A COMRADE & FRI5D TO Y\R 
FA!R1 Y\R MO!R & ,9ES1 ,SUSIE & Y\1 & ,I ASSURE Y\ ?AT NEI!R 
HAVE ,I BE5 A CRIM9AL1 ?AT ,I HAVE COMMITT$ NO ROBB]Y & NO MURD]1 
BUT ONLY F\<T MODE/ILY TO ABOLI% CRIMES FROM AMONG MANK9D & = 
! LIB]TY ( ALL4 

,REMEMB] ,DANTE1 EA* ONE :O WILL SAY O!RWISE ( Y\R FA!R & ,I1 
IS A LI>1 9SULT+ 9NOC5T DEAD M5 :O HAVE BE5 BRAVE 9 !IR LIFE4  
,REMEMB] & KN[ ALSO1 ,DANTE1 ?AT IF Y\R FA!R & ,I W\LD HAVE BE5 
C[>DS & HYPOCRITS & R9NEGETORS ( \R FAI?1 WE W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 
PUT TO DEA?4  ,!Y W\LD NOT EV5 HAVE CONVICT$ A LEBBR\S DOG2 
NOT EV5 EXECUT$ A DEADLY POISON$ SCORPION ON SU* EVID5CE AS ?AT !Y 
FRAM$ AGA9/ US4  ,!Y W\LD HAVE GIV5 A NEW TRIAL TO A MATRICIDE 
& ABITUAL FELON ON ! EVID5CE WE PRES5T$ = A NEW TRIAL4 

,REMEMB]1 ,DANTE1 REMEMB] ALWAYS !SE ?+S2 WE >E NOT CRIM9ALS2 
!Y CONVICT$ US ON A FRAME-UP2 !Y D5I$ US A NEW TRIAL2 & IF WE 
WILL BE EXECUT$ AFT] SEV5 YE>S1 F\R MON?S & SEV5TE5 DAYS ( UNSPEAKABLE 
TORTURES & WRONG1 IT IS = :AT ,I HAVE ALREADY TOLD Y\2 BECAUSE WE 
W]E = ! POOR & AGA9/ ! EXPLOITATION & OPPRESSION ( ! MAN 
BY ! MAN4 

,! DOCUM5TS ( \R CASE1 :I* Y\ & O!R ONES WILL COLLECT & 
PRES]VE1 WILL PROVE TO Y\ ?AT Y\R FA!R1 Y\R MO!R1 ,9ES1 MY FAMILY 
& ,I HAVE SACRIFIC$ BY & TO A ,/ATE ,REASON ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,PLUTOCRATIC 
REACTION4 

,! DAY WILL COME :5 Y\ WILL UND]/& ! ATROCI\S CAUSE ( ! 
ABOVE WRITT5 WORDS1 9 ALL ITS FULLNESS4  ,!N Y\ WILL HONOR US4 

,N[ ,DANTE1 BE BRAVE & GOOD ALWAYS4  ,I EMBRACE Y\4 

,P4,S4 ,I LEFT ! COPY ( ,AN ,AM]ICAN ,BIBLE TO Y\R MO!R N[1 = %E 
WILL LIKE TO READ IT1 & %E WILL GIVE IT TO Y\ :5 Y\ WILL BE BIGG] 
& ABLE TO UND]/& IT4  ,KEEP IT = REMEMBRANCE4  ,IT WILL 
ALSO TE/IFY TO Y\ H[ GOOD & G5]\S ,MRS4 ,G]TRUDE ,W9SL[ HAS BE5 
) US ALL4  ,GOOD-BYE ,DANTE4 

,B,>,T,O,L,O,M,E,O 

  

.<,DANTE REF]S TO ,SACCO'S SON ,DANTE4  ,9ES REF]S TO ,SACCO'S 
DAU<T] ,9ES4  ,SUSIE WAS A FRI5D ( ,ROS9A ,SACCO'S ) :OM ,ROS9A 
& ! ,SACCO *ILDR5 LIV$ DUR+ ! LA/ YE>S ( ! ORDEAL4  
,MRS4 ,G]TRUDE ,L4 ,W9SL[ WAS A SUPPORT] & CONFIDANT ( ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI4.> 

  

,AUGU/ #b#b1 #a#i#b#g4  ,FROM ! ,DEA? ,H\SE ( 

,MASSA*USETTS ,/ATE ,PRISON 

,D,E,> ,F,R,I,5,D ,D,A,N,A3 

,ROSA & MY SI/] ,LIUGI PAID US A VISIT JU/ N[ & TOLD US ( Y\R 
LETT] TO US1 :I* !Y HAD =GOTT5 HOME4  ,!Y WILL BR+ IT TO 
US ?IS AFT]NOON1 IF !Y WILL COME BACK4  ,BUT !Y TOLD US ! CONT5TS 
( Y\R LETT]1 & ,I AM WRIT+ N[ BECAUSE IT SEEMS ?AT NO?+ & 
NO ONE IS GO+ TO /OP \R EXECUTION AFT] ?IS MIDNI<T2 SO WE MAY HAVE 
NO *ANCE TO SEE Y\R LETT]4 

,JUDGE ,HOLMES REPELL$ \R APPEAL ON ! GR\ND ?AT ! ,/ATE ,SUPREME 
,C\RT HAD PASS$ ON ! CASE & HE DOES NOT WANT TO 9VADE ! ,/ATE ,C\RT 
GR\ND4 

,YE/]DAY1 ,JUDGE ,BR&EIS REPELL$ \R APPEAL ON ! GR\ND ( P]SONAL 
REASONS2 TO WIT1 BECAUSE HE OR MEMB]S ( HIS FAMILY >E FAVORABLY 9T]E/$ 
9 \R CASE1 AS DEMON/RAT$ BY ! FACTS ?AT AFT] \R >RE/ ,ROSA & 
H] *ILDR5 W5T TO LIVE = A MON? 9 AN EMPTY H\SE ( ,JU/ICE ,BR&EIS 
9 ,D$HAM1 ,MASS4 

,!SE TWO JU/ICES >E ! SYMBOLS ( LIB]ALISM 9 ! ,F$]AL ,SUPREME 
,C\RT & !Y TURN$ US !IR %\LD]S4 

,N[ \R LAWY]S >E PRES5T+ ! APPEAL TO JU/ICE ,/ONE4  ,S9CE 
! O!R ,F$]AL ,SUPREME JU/ICES >E REACTION>Y1 WELL1 ?AT WILL BE 
A GOOD GR\ND ON :I* TO REPEL \R APPEAL4  ,SO ?AT IT IS COM+ 
TO PASS ?AT SOME JU/ICES REPEL \R APPEAL BECAUSE !Y >E FRI5DLY ) 
US & ! O!R JU/ICES REPEL \R APPEAL BECAUSE !Y >E HO/ILE TO 
US1 & ?R\< ?IS ELEGANT ,=*E ,CAUD9E1 WE >E L$ /RAI<T TO ! 
ELECTRIC *AIR4 

,MY POOR SI/] & ,ROSA >E REALLY LIV+ ON A CROSS4  ,MY SI/] 
WAS OPTIMI/IC AS ALL ! WORLD SEEM$ TO HAVE BE5 9 \R CASE ?AT IS 
NOT YET WELL UND]/OOD NOT EV5 BY \R MO/ 9TELLIG5T & EXP]I5C$ 
FRI5DS & COMRADES4  ,BUT S9CE %E >RIV$ H]E1 ON ! PLACE1 & 
FAC$ ! REAL FACTS1 H] OPTIMISM WI!R$ AWAY BY DEGREES & ?IS MORN+ 
%E WAS SUFF]+ T]RIBLY4 

,! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE1 ! ,DEF5SE1 \R FRI5DS H]E1 ,ROSA & ,LUIGIA 
>E WORK+ FRANTICALLY DAY & NI<T 9 A DESP]ATE EF=T TO AVOID \R 
EXECUTION1 & !Y FAIL SECOND BY SECOND & \R EXECUTION APPE>S ALWAYS 
NE>] & UNAVOIDABLE4  ,!RE >E B>ELY #ab H\RS TO ITS MOM5T1 
& WE >E LO/--IF WE REFUSE TO HOPE AGA9/ REASON4 

,& 9 \R C(F9 WILL LAY \R FRI5DS' OPTIMISM & \R PESSIMISM4  
,:AT ,I WI% MORE ?AN ALL 9 ?IS LA/ H\R ( AGONY IS ?AT \R CASE & 
\R FATE MAY BE UND]/OOD 9 !IR REAL BE+ & S]VE AS A TREM5D\S 
LESSON TO ! =CES ( FRE$OM--SO ?AT \R SUFF]+ & DEA? WILL NOT 
HAVE BE5 9 VA94 

,I DO NOT 5T] 9TO P>TICUL>S BECAUSE ,I KN[ Y\ WILL LE>N ( !M 
BE=E RECEIV+ ?IS LETT]4  ,BUT ! SITUATION APPE>S TO BE 9 
?IS MOM5T AS FOLL[S3 ,ALL ! ,F$]AL JU/ICES WILL REPEL \R APPEAL 
& FROM H5CE ! O!R FEW H\RS \R FATE WILL BE COMPLETELY 9 ! H&S 
( ,GOV]NOR ,FULL]4  ,TO ME ?IS MEANS-- DEA?4  ,SO MU* ! BETT] 
IF ,I WILL BE WRONG4 

,SO1 DE> FRI5D & COMRADE ,DANA1 ,I WI% TO ?ANK Y\ = ALL ?AT 
Y\ HAVE DONE = ,NICOLA1 ,I1 & = \R FAMILIES4  ,MY SI/] BR\<T 
ME Y\R REG>DS & 9=MS ME ( Y\R GO+ TO ,ITALY & TO \R FAMILIES4  
,PLEASE SALUTE = US ALL ! FRI5DS & COMRADES Y\ WILL MEET 9 ,EUROPE1 
& EXPRESS TO !M :AT Y\ KN[ ?AT WE HAVE 9 \R HE>TS4  ,& 
TO Y\ WE S5D \R EXTREME GOOD-BYE & BRO!RLY EMBRACE4  ,BE BRAVE 
& ( GOOD *E]1 BRO!R ,DANA4 

,ALSO = ,NICOLA1 WE >E Y\RS1 

,N,I,C,O,L,A ,& ,B,>,T,O,L,O,M,E,O 

,P4,S4444 ,I WI% & HOPE Y\ WILL L5D Y\R FACULTIES 9 9S]T+ \R 
TRAG$Y 9 ! HI/ORY UND] ITS REAL ASPECT & BE+4 

  

.<,DANA REF]S TO ,H4 ,W4 ,L4 ,DANA1 A LECTUR] & =M] ,H>V>D FACULTY 
MEMB]4  ,ROSA REF]S TO ,SACCO'S WIFE ,ROS9A4  ,JUDGES 7,OLIV] 
,W5DELL7 ,HOLMES1  7,L\IS ,D47 ,BR&EIS1 & 7,H>LAN ,F47 ,/ONE W]E 
,SUPREME ,C\RT JU/ICES AT ! TIME ( ,SACCO & ,V5ZETTI'S TRIALS & EXECUTION4   
,GOV]NOR ,FULL] REF]S TO ,ALVAN ,T4 ,FULL]1 ! GOV]NOR ( ,MASSA*USETTS 
:5 ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI W]E JAIL$ & EXECUT$4.> 

,FROM 3 UMKC4$U4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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