,LETT]S ON ,AN>*ISM & ,M>XISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,IA9 ,MC,KAY 

,TEXT 3 

,FIR/ ,LETT] 

,DE> ,WEEKLY ,WORK] 

,I READ ,JOE ,WILLS LETT] 9 REPLY TO ,RI*>D ,GRIFF9 ) 9T]E/4 ,WILLS DISMISSES ,RI*>D'S COMM5TS ON LIB]AL ELECTORAL DEMOCRACY AS A 0NIHILI/ WORLD \TLOOK0 ?AT SUGGE/S 0! WORK+ CLASS HAVE NOT IMPROV$ !IR LIVES ONE IOTA S9CE ! D>K DAYS ( FEUDALISM40 ,I WAS UND] ! IMPRESSION ?AT WORK+ CLASS DIRECT ACTION HAD IMPROV$ \R LIVES1 NOT PAT]NALI/IC ACTIONS BY LIB]AL P>LIAM5TS4 ,OBVI\SLY ,I WAS WRONG TO ?9K ?AT RE=MS W]E A PRODUCT ( WORK+ CLASS SELF-ACTIVITY 7& ! FE> IT PROVOK$ 9 RUL+ CIRCLES74 ,?ANKS = CL>IFY+ ?AT -- ,I N[ KN[ :]E ! REAL P[] TO *ANGE SOCIETY LIES4 

,LOOK+ AT 0DEMOCRATIC C5TRALISM0 ,WILLS >GUES ?AT 0IF !RE IS ONE ?+ REVOLUTION>IES LE>N$ 9 ! #b? C5TURY IT IS ?IS3 DEC5TRALIZATION OR SURVIVAL40 ,/RANGE4 ,?AT C5TURY SUGGE/S ! OPPOSITE3 C5TRALIZATION LEADS TO M9ORITY RULE1 NOT SOCIALISM4 ,WILLS CLAIMS ?AT 0DEMOCRATIC C5TRALISM0 IS 0NOT NECESS>ILY 9 CONFLICT0 ) POPUL> DEMOCRACY YET HIS [N EXAMPLE 7 ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION7 %[S ?IS IS FALSE4 ,HE /ATES ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIK SLOGAN WAS 0,ALL P[] TO ! SOVIETS40 ,9DE$1 IT WAS A SLOGAN -- & NO?+ MORE4 ,L59 9 #aiag MADE IT CLE> ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIKS AIM$ = P>TY P[]1 NOT SOVIET P[]4 ,& ?AT IS :AT WE GOT4 ,WILLS CLAIMS ?AT :AT 0DISRUPT$0 ! P[] ( LOCAL SOVIETS WAS 0! CIVIL W> CONDITIONS CREAT$ BY ! :ITE T]ROR ( ! 9T]NAL & EXT]NAL >MIES ( C\NT]REVOLUTION40 ,SADLY1 ?IS (T5 REPEAT$ CLAIM IS FALSE4 ,! ,BOL%EVIKS HAD BE5 DISB&+ SOVIETS ELECT$ ) NON-,BOL%EVIK MAJORITIES FROM ! SPR+ ( #a#i#a#h1 I4E4 BE=E ! CIVIL W> />T$ 7SEE ,SAMUEL ,F>B]'S ,BE=E ,/AL9ISM74 ,FAC$ ) ! *OICE ( SOVIET P[] OR P>TY P[]1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS PICK$ ! LATT]4 ,UNSURPRIS+LY1 GIV5 ,L59'S POLITICS4 

,WILLS >GUES ?AT 0IF !RE HAD BE5 NO C5TRAL AU?ORITY1 ! REVOLUTION W\LD HAVE BE5 9/ANTLY /RANGL$40 ,YET ?IS 0C5TRAL AU?ORITY0 /RANGL$ ! REVOLUTION4 ,IT HAD />T$ TO DO ?IS BE=E ! />T ( ! CIVIL W> ) ATTACKS ON SOVIET DEMOCRACY1 WORK]S' CONTROL & OPPOSITION GR\PS4 ,AN>*I/S >E NOT SURPRIS$ BY ?IS1 ( C\RSE1 AS ! /ATE IS DESIGN$ = M9ORITY RULE4 

,!N !RE IS ! />K CONTRADICTION 9 ,WILLS >GUM5T4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,L59 REVOLUTION 9EVITABLY 9VOLVES CIVIL W>4 ,N[1 IF CIVIL W> MAKES SOVIET DEMOCRACY IMPOSSIBLE !N ,L59I/S %\LD COME CLEAN & RIP-UP ,L59'S 0,/ATE & ,REVOLUTION0 7AS ,L59 DID ONCE 9 P[]74 ,Y\ CANNOT HAVE IT BO? WAYS4 

,AN>*I/S >GUE ?AT C5TRALISM KILLS POPUL> DEMOCRACY4 ,?IS IS BECAUSE IT C5TRALIZES P[] 9TO ! H&S ( A FEW LEAD]S 7NOT SO MU* 0ALL P[] TO ! SOVIETS0 AS 0ALL P[] TO ! C5TRAL COMMITTEE074 ,9/EAD WE >GUE = BOTTOM-UP F$]ALISM BAS$ ON M&AT$ & RECALLABLE DELEGATES TO CO-ORD9ATE DECISION MAK+ & ! DEF5SE ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,WILLS MAKES NO M5TION ( ?IS FACT1 9/EAD IMPLY+ ?AT AN>*I/S REJECT CO-ORD9ATION BY QUOT+ ,5GELS ON ! ,SPANI% UPRIS+ ( #a#h#g#b-#c4 ,BUT ?IS SEEMS IRONIC1 AS HE USES AN EXAMPLE ( LACK ( F$]ATION TO REFUTE F$]ALISM4 ,HE G5]ALIZES BY PO9T+ TO ,>G5T9A TODAY :]E FACTORY OCCUPATIONS >E BE+ DEFEAT$ ONE BY ONE BY ! POLICE4 ,:AT A SURPRISE4 ,?AT IS :Y AN>*I/S HAVE BE5 /RESS+1 FROM ! />T1 ?AT ! FACTORIES MU/ F$]ATE TOGE!R 7SEE 0,FROM ,RIOT TO ,REVOLUTION01 ,BLACK ,FLAG NO4 #b#b#a74 

,WILLS >GUES ?AT 0! ONLY GU>ANTEE ( DEF5SE AGA9/ C\NT]REVOLUTION IS ! C5TRALIZ$ DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT40 ,?IS IS FALSE4 ,FIR/LY1 AS NOT$1 ?IS SY/EM 9 ,RUSSIA DE/ROY$ ! REVOLUTION BE=E ! CIVIL W> />T$4 ,! ,BOL%EVIK LEAD]%IP HELD P[]1 NOT ! PROLET>IAT -- AS ,BAKUN9 PR$ICT$ IT WAS ! DICTATOR%IP OV] ! PROLET>IAT4 ,SECONDLY1 ! EXAMPLE ( ! ,MAKHNOVI/S 9 ! ,RUSSIAN ,CIVIL ,W> %[S ?AT IT IS POSSIBLE TO DEF5D A REVOLUTION )\T C5TRALIZ$ P[] 9 ! H&S ( A FEW LEAD]S4 ,OP]AT+ 9 AS BAD CONDITIONS AS ! ,BOL%EVIKS1 ! ,MAKHNOVI/S CALL$ SOVIET CONGRESSES1 PROTECT$ SOVIET1 WORKPLACE & MILIT>Y DEMOCRACY AS WELL AS FRE$OM ( SPEE* & ASSOCIATION4 ,UNSURPRIS+LY1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS SL&]$ & BETRAY$ !M 7SL&]S ,L59I/S TODAY REPEAT P>ROT-LIKE1 9CID5TALLY74 

,WILLS /ATES ?AT 0'PURE COMMUNI/' ALT]NATIVES0 >E 0AHI/ORICAL40 ,NOT TRUE4 ,!Y >E ROOT$ 9 A CLE> UND]/&+ ( ! EV5TS ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION 7& BETT] ROOT$ 9 HI/ORICAL FACT ?AN ! ,L59I/ ACC\NTS74 ,HE ASS]TS ?AT WE AN>*I/S 0SEEM TO PROVIDE NO VIABLE ALT]NATIVE EXCEPT TO SLAM EV]Y ORGANIZ$ ATTEMPT BY REVOLUTION>IES TO DEF5D !IR REVOLUTION40 ,! FACTS >E DIFF]5T4 ,FROM ,BAKUN9 ONW>DS AN>*I/S HAVE >GU$ ?AT A REVOLUTION REQUIR$ A F$]ATION ( WORK]S C\NCILS TO SUCCE$ & ?AT ?IS W\LD ORGANIZE ! DEF5SE ( ! REVOLUTION BY MEANS ( A WORK]S MILITIA4 ,EXACTLY ! APPROA* ( ! ,MAKHNOVI/S 9 ! ,UKRA9E & ! AN>*I/S 9 ,>AGON DUR+ ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION4 

,N[1 P]HAPS ,WILLS WILL EXPLA9 :Y SU* A SY/EM CANNOT WORK4 ,IS HE >GU+ ?AT WORK+ CLASS PEOPLE >E 9CAPABLE ( SELF-ORGANIZATION8 ,?AT P[] NE$S TO BE C5TRALIZ$ 9TO ! H&S ( A FEW LEAD]S SIMPLY BECAUSE ! MASSES CANNOT GOV]N !MSELVES8 ,IF SO1 !N LET HIM SAY SO CLE>LY4 ,IF HE CLAIMS ?AT ! MASSES GOV]N !MSELVES :5 !Y ELECT LEAD]S TO GOV]N ON !IR BEHALF1 !N HE IS PLAY+ ) WORDS4 ,AS ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION %[S1 A 0REVOLUTION>Y0 GOV]NM5T C5TRALIZES P[] 9TO A FEW H&S & DEF9ITELY DOES NOT EMP[] ! MANY4 ,SU* A SITUATION CAN ONLY SPELL ! DEA? ( A SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 :I* REQUIRES ! ACTIVE P>TICIPATION ( ALL IF IT IS TO SUCCE$4 ,IT ALSO EXPOSES ! C5TRAL FALLACY ( ,L59ISM3 CLAIM+ TO DESIRE A SOCIETY BAS$ ON MASS P>TICIPATION IT FAVORS A =M ( ORGANIZATION - C5TRALISM - ?AT PRECLUDES IT4 

,IT IS NO CO9CID5CE ?AT ! RUL+ CLASS PREF]S C5TRALISM4 ,IT EMP[]S ! FEW1 NOT ! MANY4 ,BOL%EVISM %[S ?AT APPLY+ ?IS SY/EM 9 ! NAME ( SOCIALISM DOES NOT WORK4 ,WE NE$ TO ORGANIZE 9 NEW WAYS TO BUILD A NEW WORLD4 

,= MORE 9=MATION AB\T ! PO9TS RAIS$1 VISIT WWW4AN>*I/FAQ4ORG4UK 

Y\RS S9C]ELY 

,IA9 ,MC,KAY 

,SECOND ,LETT] 

,DE> ,WEEKLY ,WORK] 

,I NOTICE ?AT Y\ *OPP$ BY LETT] 9 HALF 7ISSUE #d#i#g74 ,I'M SURE Y\ WILL SAY ?AT ?IS WAS BECAUSE ( SPACE1 H[EV] ,I FEEL ?AT Y\ REMOV$ MANY ( MY KEY >GUM5TS & EXAMPLES4 ,H]E IS ! REMOV$ SECTION3 

',AN>*I/S >GUE ?AT C5TRALISM KILLS POPUL> DEMOCRACY4 ,?IS IS BECAUSE IT C5TRALIZES P[] 9TO ! H&S ( A FEW LEAD]S 7NOT SO MU* 0ALL P[] TO ! SOVIETS0 AS 0ALL P[] TO ! C5TRAL COMMITTEE074 ,9/EAD WE >GUE = BOTTOM-UP F$]ALISM BAS$ ON M&AT$ & RECALLABLE DELEGATES TO CO-ORD9ATE DECISION MAK+ & ! DEF5SE ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,WILLS MAKES NO M5TION ( ?IS FACT1 9/EAD IMPLY+ ?AT AN>*I/S REJECT CO-ORD9ATION BY QUOT+ ,5GELS ON ! ,SPANI% UPRIS+ ( #a#h#g#b-#c4 ,BUT ?IS SEEMS IRONIC1 AS HE USES AN EXAMPLE ( LACK ( F$]ATION TO REFUTE F$]ALISM4 ,HE G5]ALIZES BY PO9T+ TO ,>G5T9A TODAY :]E FACTORY OCCUPATIONS >E BE+ DEFEAT$ ONE BY ONE BY ! POLICE4 ,:AT A SURPRISE4 ,?AT IS :Y AN>*I/S HAVE BE5 /RESS+1 FROM ! />T1 ?AT ! FACTORIES MU/ F$]ATE TOGE!R 7SEE 0,FROM ,RIOT TO ,REVOLUTION01 ,BLACK ,FLAG NO4 #b#b#a74 

',WILLS >GUES ?AT 0! ONLY GU>ANTEE ( DEF5SE AGA9/ C\NT]REVOLUTION IS ! C5TRALIZ$ DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT40 ,?IS IS FALSE4 ,FIR/LY1 AS NOT$1 ?IS SY/EM 9 ,RUSSIA DE/ROY$ ! REVOLUTION BE=E ! CIVIL W> />T$4 ,! ,BOL%EVIK LEAD]%IP HELD P[]1 NOT ! PROLET>IAT -- AS ,BAKUN9 PR$ICT$ IT WAS ! DICTATOR%IP OV] ! PROLET>IAT4 ,SECONDLY1 ! EXAMPLE ( ! ,MAKHNOVI/S 9 ! ,RUSSIAN ,CIVIL ,W> %[S ?AT IT IS POSSIBLE TO DEF5D A REVOLUTION )\T C5TRALIZ$ P[] 9 ! H&S ( A FEW LEAD]S4 ,OP]AT+ 9 AS BAD CONDITIONS AS ! ,BOL%EVIKS1 ! ,MAKHNOVI/S CALL$ SOVIET CONGRESSES1 PROTECT$ SOVIET1 WORKPLACE & MILIT>Y DEMOCRACY AS WELL AS FRE$OM ( SPEE* & ASSOCIATION4 ,UNSURPRIS+LY1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS SL&]$ & BETRAY$ !M 7SL&]S ,L59I/S TODAY REPEAT P>ROT-LIKE1 9CID5TALLY74 

',WILLS /ATES ?AT 0'PURE COMMUNI/' ALT]NATIVES0 >E 0AHI/ORICAL40 ,NOT TRUE4 ,!Y >E ROOT$ 9 A CLE> UND]/&+ ( ! EV5TS ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION 7& BETT] ROOT$ 9 HI/ORICAL FACT ?AN ! ,L59I/ ACC\NTS74 ,HE ASS]TS ?AT WE AN>*I/S 0SEEM TO PROVIDE NO VIABLE ALT]NATIVE EXCEPT TO SLAM EV]Y ORGANIZ$ ATTEMPT BY REVOLUTION>IES TO DEF5D !IR REVOLUTION40 ,! FACTS >E DIFF]5T4 ,FROM ,BAKUN9 ONW>DS AN>*I/S HAVE >GU$ ?AT A REVOLUTION REQUIR$ A F$]ATION ( WORK]S C\NCILS TO SUCCE$ & ?AT ?IS W\LD ORGANIZE ! DEF5SE ( ! REVOLUTION BY MEANS ( A WORK]S MILITIA4 ,EXACTLY ! APPROA* ( ! ,MAKHNOVI/S 9 ! ,UKRA9E & ! AN>*I/S 9 ,>AGON DUR+ ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION4 

',N[1 P]HAPS ,WILLS WILL EXPLA9 :Y SU* A SY/EM CANNOT WORK4 ,IS HE >GU+ ?AT WORK+ CLASS PEOPLE >E 9CAPABLE ( SELF-ORGANIZATION8 ,?AT P[] NE$S TO BE C5TRALIZ$ 9TO ! H&S ( A FEW LEAD]S SIMPLY BECAUSE ! MASSES CANNOT GOV]N !MSELVES8 ,IF SO1 !N LET HIM SAY SO CLE>LY4 ,IF HE CLAIMS ?AT ! MASSES GOV]N !MSELVES :5 !Y ELECT LEAD]S TO GOV]N ON !IR BEHALF1 !N HE IS PLAY+ ) WORDS4 ,AS ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION %[S1 A 0REVOLUTION>Y0 GOV]NM5T C5TRALIZES P[] 9TO A FEW H&S & DEF9ITELY DOES NOT EMP[] ! MANY4 ,SU* A SITUATION CAN ONLY SPELL ! DEA? ( A SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 :I* REQUIRES ! ACTIVE P>TICIPATION ( ALL IF IT IS TO SUCCE$4 ,IT ALSO EXPOSES ! C5TRAL FALLACY ( ,L59ISM3 CLAIM+ TO DESIRE A SOCIETY BAS$ ON MASS P>TICIPATION IT FAVORS A =M ( ORGANIZATION - C5TRALISM - ?AT PRECLUDES IT4 

',IT IS NO CO9CID5CE ?AT ! RUL+ CLASS PREF]S C5TRALISM4 ,IT EMP[]S ! FEW1 NOT ! MANY4 ,BOL%EVISM %[S ?AT APPLY+ ?IS SY/EM 9 ! NAME ( SOCIALISM DOES NOT WORK4 ,WE NE$ TO ORGANIZE 9 NEW WAYS TO BUILD A NEW WORLD4 

',= MORE 9=MATION AB\T ! PO9TS RAIS$1 VISIT WWW4AN>*I/FAQ4ORG4UK0 

,LA/LY1 ,T]RY ,%E5 ACC\NT ( ! EV5TS 9 #a#i#cS ,SPA9 LEAVES A LOT TO BE DESIR$4 ,= EXAMPLE1 HE FAILS TO NOTE ?AT ! ,C,N,T >GU$ = A 0UNIT$ FRONT FROM BEL[0 BAS$ 9 ! FACTORIES4 ,! ,U,G,T IGNOR$ !SE APPEALS4 ,AS = HAV+ 0LITTLE PRACTICAL POLITICAL POLICY TO PROPOSE0 9 #a#i#c#f1 ! FACT IS ?AT ! ,C,N,T DID 7NAMELY A F$]ATION ( WORK]S' C\NCILS74 ,! TRAG$Y ( ,SPA9 IS ?AT ! ,C,N,T 7EXCEPT 9 ,>AGON7 EMBRAC$ ! ,M>XI/ POLICY ( ! ,U,G,T 9 ! NAME ( ANTI-FASCI/ UNITY RA!R ?AN /ICK TO !IR LIB]T>IAN POLICY4 ,:Y8 ,FE> ( ISOLATION &1 P]HAPS1 ! KN[L$GE ?AT ! ,U,G,T1 LIKE GOOD ,M>XI/S1 W\LD NOT CO-OP]ATE ON ANY T]MS B> !IR [N & TO SECURE !IR DOM9ATION 7AS !Y HAD FROM #aicc ONW>DS74 

Y\RS S9C]ELY 

,IA9 ,MC,KAY 

,?IRD ,LETT] 

,DE> ,WEEKLY ,WORK] 

,JOE ,WILLS ASS]TS ?AT 0,AN>*I/ IDEOLOGY 444 ) ITS REJECTION ( AU?ORITY1 OPPOSES TRADE UNIONS COMPLETELY 444 & !REBY REJECTS A MAJOR PORTION ( ! HI/ORY ( WORK+ CLASS /RUGGLE40 ,:AT NONS5SE4 0,AN>*I/ IDEOLOGY0 SAYS NO SU* ?+4 ,WE DO REJECT BUREAUCRATIC & HI]>*ICAL TRADE UNIONS BUT WE DO SO 9 FAVOR ( SELF-MANAG$ WORKPLACE ORGANIZATIONS4 ,TO G5]ALIZE1 AN>*I/S >E DIVID$ ON ! QUE/ION ( TRADE UNIONS4 ,SOME >GUE ?AT REVOLUTION>Y UNIONS >E POSSIBLE & O!RS >GUE ?AT WORK]S' C\NCILS1 NOT UNIONS1 >E ! WAY =W>D4 ,9 BO? CASES1 WE DO NOT REJECT COLLECTIVE /RUGGLE & ORGANIZATION 9 ! WORKPLACE1 F> FROM IT4 

,NOR DO ! AN>*I/ POSITIONS ON TRADE UNIONS HAVE ANY?+ TO DO ) ! 0REJECTION ( AU?ORITY40 ,RA!R1 !Y >E BAS$ ON AN ANALYSIS ( ! ROLE ( UNIONS 9 SOCIETY & !IR ACTUAL ACTIVITIES4 ,9DE$1 IT CAN BE >GU$ ?AT ! 0MAJOR PORTION0 ( ! HI/ORY ( TRADE UNIONISM %[S IT TO BE RE=MI/1 AT BE/1 & SUBJECT TO BUREAUCRATIC BETRAYAL1 AT WORSE4 ,?IS SUGGE/ \R ANALYSIS HAS VALIDITY & ?AT ! WORK]S MOVEM5T NE$S TO FUNDAM5TALLY *ANGE 9 ORD] TO BE EFFECTIVE1 NEV] M9D REVOLUTION>Y4 ,AN>*I/S1 9CLUD+ ?OSE ACTIVE 9 !IR TRADE UNIONS1 >E TRY+ TO 5C\RAGE SU* A *ANGE 9 FAVOR ( RANK-&-FILE CONTROL ( /RUGGLE & ! USE ( DIRECT ACTION & SOLID>ITY AS ! MEANS ( A*IEV+ REAL *ANGE4 

,SO ,WILLS SUMM>Y ( 0,AN>*I/ IDEOLOGY0 ON ! UNIONS IS SO FLAW$ ?AT :5 HE WRITES 0WE ,M>XI/S TAKE A DIFF]5T VIEW0 AN>*I/S CAN ONLY SMILE AT ! /RAW MAN >GUM5TS HE PRES5TS4 

,TURN+ TO ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION1 ,WILLS >GUES ?AT ,I ?9K IT HAPP5$ 09 A VOID40 ,F> FROM IT4 ,AS AN AN>*I/ ,I AM AW>E1 LIKE ,BAKUN9 & ,KROPOTK91 ?AT ANY REVOLUTION BREAKS \T 09 A HO/ILE B\RGEOIS WORLD40 ,AS SU*1 0C\NT]-REVOLUTION0 IS TAK5 AS 9EVITABLE & DOES NOT CUT IT AS AN EXCUSE = ,BOL%EVIK AU?ORIT>IANISM4 

,N[1 HE >GUES ?AT BY 0CIVIL W>0 ,L59 MEANT 0! CONQUE/ ( P[] BY ! PROLET>IAT40 ,SO ,WILLS IS >GU+ ?AT ,L59 DEF9$ 0CIVIL W>0 TO MEAN SOME?+ ELSE ?AN :AT EV]YONE ELSE ON ! PLANET ?\<T IT MEANT6 ,DOES ?AT MEAN ,M>XI/S 9V5T ! MEAN+ ( WORDS AS & :5 IT SUITS !M8 ,BUT ASSUM+ ?AT ,WILLS IS CORRECT1 :AT DOES ?AT IMPLY8 ,?AT ,L59 ?\<T ?AT A REVOLUTION W\LD HAPP5 )\T A CIVIL W>1 C\NT]-REVOLUTION & IMP]IALI/ 9T]V5TION8 ,IF SO1 !N ,L59 WAS EXTREMELY NAIVE1 :I* ,I D\BT1 SUGGE/+ ?AT BY 0CIVIL W>0 ,L59 MEANT :AT MO/ PEOPLE MEAN BY ! T]M4 

,WILLS ASS]TS ?AT HE /&S BY HIS 0ORIG9AL CLAIM ?AT ! 'CIVIL W>' DISRUPT$ SOVIET DEMOCRACY0 & IGNORES ! FACTS ,I RAIS$ 9 FAVOR ( QUOT+ ,/EPH5 ,COH5 FROM #a#i#g#c4 ,YET QUOT+ AN OP9ION MADE LONG BE=E ! RESE>* ,I SUMM>IZ$ DOES NOT HOLD MU* WAT]4 ,TO REPEAT1 IT WAS NOT 9 ! CIVIL W> P]IOD 0?AT MU* ( ! POPUL> CONTROL EX]CIS$ BY LOCAL SOVIETS & FACTORY COMMITTEES WAS LO/40 ,SOVIETS W]E DISB&$1 ! FACTORY COMMITTEES UND]M9$1 SOLID] DEMOCRACY DE/ROY$1 AS ,I 9DICAT$1 PRIOR TO ! CIVIL W> & WAS ! RESULT ( DELIB]ATE ,BOL%EVIK ACTIONS4 ,IGNOR+ !SE FACTS WILL NOT MAKE !M GO AWAY1 SORRY4 

,GIV5 ?IS1 TO /ATE ?AT 0C5TRALISM WAS ESS5TIAL 9 ,SOVIET ,RUSSIA TO DEFEAT ! :ITES0 IS SIMPLY NOT GOOD 5\<4 ,C5TRALISM 9 ,RUSSIA SAW ! DE FACTO DICTATOR%IP ( ! ,BOL%EVIK ,P>TY >ISE BE=E ! />T ( ! CIVIL W>4 ,C5TRALISM DE/ROY$ POPUL> DEMOCRACY1 AS AN>*I/S PR$ICT$4 ,:Y REPEAT ! SAME OLD MI/AKES8 

,WILLS /ATES ?AT 0,AN>*I/S NEV] EXPLA91 9 MANIFE/ T]MS1 H[ )\T A /ATE IT IS POSSIBLE TO DEFEAT IMP]IALISM & 9T]NAL C\NT]REVOLUTION40 ,HIS COMM5TS >E IRONIC1 GIV5 ?AT ,I DID DISCUSS ?IS 9 MY ORIG9AL LETT] &1 MOREOV]1 PROVID$ AN EXAMPLE 7! ,MAKHNOVI/S74 ,BUT MY LETT] WAS *OPP$4 ,H]E IS ! RELEVANT BIT3 

0,FROM ,BAKUN9 ONW>DS AN>*I/S HAVE >GU$ ?AT A REVOLUTION REQUIR$ A F$]ATION ( WORK]S C\NCILS TO SUCCE$ & ?AT ?IS W\LD ORGANIZE ! DEF5SE ( ! REVOLUTION BY MEANS ( A WORK]S MILITIA4 ,EXACTLY ! APPROA* ( ! ,MAKHNOVI/S 9 ! ,UKRA9E & ! AN>*I/S 9 ,>AGON DUR+ ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION40 

,AS = ! O!R ASPECTS ( REVOLUTION HE ?9KS AN>*I/S DO NOT EXPLA91 WELL1 DOES HE EXPECT ME TO EXP\ND ON !M 9 A LETT]8 ,P>TICUL>LY :5 ! P>T ( MY PREVI\S LETT] ON DEF5SE ( ! REVOLUTION WAS NOT PR9T$ DUE TO SPACE CONSID]ATIONS8 ,BUT IF ANYONE IS 9T]E/$1 VISIT WWW4AN>*I/FAQ4ORG4UK = DETAILS4 

,WILLS !N ASS]TS ?AT 0! AN>*I/S HAVE SUPPORT$ ALL REVOLUTIONS EXCEPT ! ONES ?AT ACTUALLY SUCCE$40 ,SORRY1 :I* ,M>XI/ REVOLUTIONS SUCCE$$8 ,:]E DID ONE RESULT 9 SOCIALISM RA!R ?AN /ATE CAPITALISM1 POPUL> DEMOCRACY RA!R ?AN P>TY DICTATOR%IP1 WORK]S' CONTROL RA!R ?AN CONTROLL$ WORK]S8 ,) 0SUCCESSES0 LIKE !SE1 WE DO NOT NE$ FAILURES6 ,& AN>*I/S HAVE SUPPORT$ ALL REVOLUTIONS1 UNTIL ,M>XI/S MONOPOLIZ$ P[]4 ,!N WE SUPPORT$ ! REAL REVOLUTION1 ! WORK+ CLASS 9 ITS /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! NEW BOSS CLASS4 ,NE$LESS TO SAY1 WE PAID ! PRICE = DEF5D+ :AT SOCIALISM IS REALLY AB\T4 

,WILLS F9I%ES HIS [N 9ACCURATE DIATRIBE BY QUOT+ ANO!R1 NAMELY ,5GELS' 0,ON ,AU?ORITY40 ,?IS APPEAL TO AU?ORITY H>DLY IMPRESSES4 ,WE CAN SEE :Y BY LOOK+ AT ! QUOTES PROVID$4 ,5GELS /ATES ?AT A REVOLUTION IS 0! MO/ AU?ORIT>IAN ?+ !RE IS0 BECAUSE 0ONE P>T ( ! POPULATION IMPOSES ITS WILL UPON ! O!R P>T40 ,YET 9 CLASS SOCIETY ?IS HAPP5S ALL ! TIME -- ! CAPITALI/ CLASS OPPRESSES ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,!RE=E1 REVOLUTION IS AN ACT ( LIB]ATION = ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,/OPP+ SOMEONE OPPRESS+ Y\ 7BY =CE ( >MS1 IF NECESS>Y7 IS NOT 0AU?ORITY10 IT IS EX]CIS+ & DEF5D+ Y\R LIB]TY4 ,AS SU* ,5GELS DOES NOT LOOK AT REVOLUTION 7OR SOCIETY7 FROM A WORK+ CLASS P]SPECTIVE4 ,?AT ,M>XI/S LIKE TO P>ROT ?IS W>M$ UP LIB]AL NONS5SE )\T ?9K+ IS SAD1 IF NOT SURPRIS+4 

,I WILL 5D ) A *OPP$ P>T ( MY ORIG9AL LETT]3 

0,AS ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION %[S1 A 'REVOLUTION>Y' GOV]NM5T C5TRALIZES P[] 9TO A FEW H&S & DEF9ITELY DOES NOT EMP[] ! MANY4 ,SU* A SITUATION CAN ONLY SPELL ! DEA? ( A SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 :I* REQUIRES ! ACTIVE P>TICIPATION ( ALL IF IT IS TO SUCCE$4 ,IT ALSO EXPOSES ! C5TRAL FALLACY ( ,L59ISM3 CLAIM+ TO DESIRE A SOCIETY BAS$ ON MASS P>TICIPATION IT FAVORS A =M ( ORGANIZATION - C5TRALISM - ?AT PRECLUDES IT 444 ,WE NE$ TO ORGANIZE 9 NEW WAYS TO BUILD A NEW WORLD40 

Y\RS1 

,IA9 ,MC,KAY 

,F\R? ,LETT] 

,DE> ,WEEKLY ,WORK] 

,MIKE ,MAC,NAIR SUGGE/S ?AT ,I TAKE AN 0IDEOLOGICAL0 DATE = ! />T ( ! CIVIL W>4 ,9/EAD ( ,MAY #a#i#a#h1 HE PREF]S ,DECEMB] #a#i#a#g4 ,YET EI!R DATE CONFIRMS MY >GUM5T1 NAMELY ?AT ,L59I/'S %\LD COME CLEAN & ADMIT ?AT WORK]S' DEMOCRACY & REVOLUTION DO NOT GO TOGE!R4 ,HE LETS ! CAT \T ( ! BAG :5 HE TALKS AB\T ! ,BOL%EVIKS HOLD+ 0! RE9S ( P[]0 -- ,I ?\<T 9 A 0WORK]S' /ATE0 ! WORK]S W]E MEANT TO HOLD P[]8 ,& NO MATT] ! DATE PICK$1 ! FACT IS ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIKS G]RYM&]$ & DISB&$ SOVIETS 9 ! SPR+ ( #a#i#a#h4 ,:AT DOES ,MIKE HAVE TO SAY AB\T ?AT8 ,NO?+4 ,WORSE1 S\ND+ LIKE A ,LEFTI/ ,KISS+] HE >GUES ?AT ! ,RUSSIA WORK]S %\LD NOT BE ALL[$ TO VOTE ,M5%EVIK OR ,S,R4 ,SO MU* = WORK]S' DEMOCRACY4 

,HE /ATES IT W\LD BE 0UNLIKELY0 ?AT ! AN>*I/S C\LD 0DEF5D !MSELVES AGA9/ ! ,:ITE T]ROR10 IGNOR+ ! FACT ?AT ! ,MAKHNOVI/S DID JU/ ?AT4 ,!N HE SME>S ! ,MAKHNOVI/S1 COMP>+ !M TO ,POL ,POT'S ,KHM] ,R\GE 70AS ! >*ITECTS ( A POLICY ( DE/RUCTION ( ! CITIES074 ,:AT NONS5SE4 ,! ,MAKHNOVI/S W]E NOT ANTI-CITY4 ,= EXAMPLE1 :5 ! ,MAKHNOVI/S LIB]AT$ T[NS ! FIR/ ?+ !RE DID WAS TO 5C\RAGE ! WORK]S' TO ORGANIZE !IR [N CLASS ORGANIZATIONS 7FREE SOVIETS & UNIONS74 ,9 CONTRA/1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS BANN$ SU* BODIES & IMPOS$ 0,REVOLUTION>Y ,COMMITTEES40 

,MOV+ ON1 ,JOE ,WILLS YET AGA9 DI/ORTS ! AN>*I/ POSITION ON TRADE UNIONS4 ,HE TALKS ( 0R$0 UNIONS & ?AT ?IS 0HAS HI/ORICALLY PROV5 TO BE SELF-ISOLAT+1 SECT>IAN DISA/]40 ,YET ,I MADE NO COMM5TS ON BUILD+ 0R$0 UNIONS4 ,HE /ATES ?AT 0,M>XI/S SEEK NOT TO REJECT RE=MI/ UNIONS1 BUT TRANS=M !M 9TO ORGANS ( REVOLUTION40 ,YET ?IS HAS HI/ORICALLY FAIL$4 ,IF HE WANTS TO REPEAT HI/ORY RA!R ?AN LE>N FROM IT1 ?AT IS HIS BUS9ESS BUT PLEASE DO NOT 9FLICT ASSUMPTIONS ONTO US AN>*I/S6 ,HE !N CONTRA/S 0AN ORGANIZ$1 DEMOCRATIC WORK]S' P>TY TO GUIDE ! /RUGGLE0 TO 0AUTONOM\S 'DIRECT ACTION' BY UNELECT$ CLIQUES & 9DIVIDUALS40 ,REALLY1 ANO!R /RAW MAN >GUM5T6 ,DIRECT ACTION MEANS ANY =M ( IMM$IATE /RUGGLE BY WORK]S1 SU* AS ! /RIKE OR OCCUPATION4 ,IS HE REALLY >GU+ ?AT RANK & FILE TRADE UNIONI/S >E AN 0UNELECT$ CLIQUE0 :O %\LD NOT MAKE !IR [N DECISIONS 7I4E4 BE AUTONOM\S78 

,WILLS COMM5TS ON ,BAKUN9 & ,KROPOTK9 >E JU/ PU]ILE & AN ATTEMPT TO HIDE WEAK >GUM5TS RA!R ?AN ADDRESS ! ISSUE 7I4E41 HE ATTACKS ! FAIL+S ( 9DIVIDUAL AN>*I/S RA!R ?AN AN>*ISM74 ,HE !N TRIES TO RAISE A S]I\S PO9T BY M5TION+ 0! AN>*I/S :O L$ ! BOT*$ #a#h#g#b-#g#c UPRIS+ 9 ,SPA9 ?AT WAS CRU%$ 444 DUE TO ! REBELS' LACK ( C5TRALIZ$ COORD9ATION40 ,I HAD ADDRESS$ ?IS ISSUE 9 MY ORIG9AL LETT] :I* WAS *OPP$ 9 HALF 70,BUT ?IS SEEMS IRONIC1 AS HE USES AN EXAMPLE ( LACK ( F$]ATION TO REFUTE F$]ALISM074 ,SUFFICE TO SAY HE CONFUSES C5TRALISM ) CO-ORD9ATION1 A COMMON ,M>XI/ FAIL+4 ,IT SEEMS HE CANNOT TELL ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 BOTTOM-UP & TOP-D[N DECISION MAK+4 ,WILLS /ATES ?AT 0! AN>*I/S1 9 SEEM+ VIOLATION ( !IR [N IDEOLOGY1 DID NOT RELY ON ! DIRECT ADM9I/RATION ( ! PEOPLE1 BUT SET UP RUL+ JUNTAS 9 ALL ! REGIONS !Y TOOK40 ,!RE IS NO CONTRADICTION AS 0JUNTA0 IS ,SPANI% = 0C\NCIL40 ,AS LONG AS ! WORK]S' C\NCIL IS MADE UP ( ELECT$1 M&AT$ & RECALLABLE DELEGATES !N ! PEOPLE DO GOV]N !MSELVES4 

,WILLS !N TURNS TO ! ,MAKHNOVI/S1 NOT+ ?AT !Y W]E NOT 0EXEMPT FROM US+ AU?ORIT>IAN MEANS40 ,NO ONE SAID ?AT A REVOLUTION WAS EASY & SO WE W\LD EXPECT ! DIFFICULT CIRCUM/ANCES ( CIVIL W> TO RESULT 9 SOME >BITR>Y DECISIONS4 ,YET ! DIFF]5CES BETWE5 ! ,MAKHNOVI/S & ! ,BOL%EVIKS >E CLE>4 ,:ILE ,MAKHNO SOMETIMES VIOLAT$ LIB]T>IAN PR9CIPLES 9 ! HEAT ( W>1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS TURN$ ! 0DICTATOR%IP ( ! P>TY0 9TO A KEY IDEOLOGICAL PR9CIPLE4 ,:ILE ! ,MAKHNOVI/S TRI$ !IR BE/ TO 5C\RAGE SOVIET DEMOCRACY & FRE$OM ( SPEE*1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS CRU%$ BO?4 ,:I* %[S ! FAILURE ( ,BOL%EVISM CANNOT BE PUT D[N TO PURELY OBJECTIVE FACTORS LIKE ! CIVIL W>1 ! POLITICS ( ,M>XISM PLAY$ !IR P>T4 ,WILLS SUMM>IZES ?AT 0AN>*ISM HAS NEV] SUCCE$$ 9 SURVIV+ = ANY L5G? ( TIME 9 AN '9TACT' AN>*I/ =M0 YET COMP>$ TO ,M>XISM1 ! AN>*I/ RECORD ( 0BETRAYAL ( PR9CIPLE0 IS F> LESS ?AN = 0P[]-HUNGRY R$S40 ,! EMPIRICAL RECORD IS CLE>1 SO :Y DO 0SCI5TIFIC0 SOCIALI/S SEEM SO KE5 TO IGNORE IT8 

,WILLS >GUES ?AT ,L59 ?\<T ?AT 0CIVIL W> FOLL[+ ! REVOLUTION IS BY NO MEANS 9EVITABLE40 ,YET ,L59 /AT$ 9 LATE #aiag ?AT 0NOT A S+LE GREAT REVOLUTION 444 HAS ESCAP$ CIVIL W>40 ,! SO-CALL$ 0WORK]S' /ATE0 WAS MEANT TO DEF5D ! REVOLUTION1 WAS IT NOT8 ,YET IT WAS ?IS V]Y /ATE :I* DE/ROY$ WORK]S' DEMOCRACY 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,FEEL FREE TO BLAME ! CIVIL W> ON ?IS1 IF Y\ LIKE1 BUT LOGIC IS AGA9/ Y\4 ,IF ,M>XISM CANNOT H&LE ! 9EVITABLE )\T 0DEG5]AT+0 !N IT %\LD BE AVOID$4 

,F9ALLY1 HE /ATES ?AT 0! C5TRAL CONTRADICTION ( AN>*ISM0 IS ?AT 0! WORK+ CLASS CAN A*IEVE ANY?+1 BUT !Y CANNOT EX]CISE DEMOCRATIC CONTROL & ACC\NTABILITY OV] !IR LEAD]S40 ,FIR/LY1 :Y %\LD ! WORK+ CLASS DELEGATE ITS P[] TO A H&FUL ( 0LEAD]S0 7I4E4 ! ,BOL%EVIK C5TRAL COMMITTEE78 ,CAN WE NOT MAKE \R [N DECISIONS8 ,SECONDLY1 9 ,RUSSIA ! WORK]S DID TRY TO 0EX]CISE DEMOCRATIC CONTROL & ACC\NTABILITY OV] !IR LEAD]S40 ,!IR 0LEAD]S0 SIMPLY DISB&$ ! SOVIETS1 & SUBSEQU5T WORK] PROTE/1 BY =CE4 ,?IS WAS TO BE EXPECT$1 AS ! /ATE C5TRALIZES P[] 9TO ! H&S ( ! FEW & DISEMP[]S ! MANY4 ,?AT IS :Y AN>*I/S >E ANTI-/ATE4 

,WILLS ASS]TS ?AT 0AN>*ISM'S ABSOLUTE HO/ILITY TO ANY =M ( /ATE IS MISPLAC$ & A B>RI] TO A*IEV+ REVOLUTION40 ,YET ?IS HO/ILITY HAS BE5 PROV5 TO BE VALID1 EV]Y /ATE HAS BE5 AN 9/RUM5T ( M9ORITY CLASS RULE OV] ! MASSES4 ,! ,M>XI/ /ATE WAS NO EXCEPTION -- AS AN>*I/S HAD CORRECTLY PR$ICT$6 

,Y\RS1 

,IA9 ,MC,KAY 

,FIF? LETT] 

,DE> ,WEEKLY ,WORK] 

,JOE ,WILLS SAYS ,I LET 0! CAT \T ( ! BAG :5 HE TALKS ( H[ ! ,MAKHNOVI/S 0LIB]AT$0 ! T[NS40 ,?IS IS BECAUSE HE 0?\<T AN>*I/S BELIEV$ LIB]ATION WAS A*IEV$ BY ! WORK]S !MSELVES & NOT BY B&S ( SELF-PROCLAIM$ REVOLUTION>IES40 ,9CR$IBLE6 ,DOES HE NOT BELIEVE 9 SOLID>ITY BETWE5 PEASANTS & WORK]S8 ,DOES HE ?9K ?AT ! ,MAKHNOVI/S %\LD HAVE LEFT ! WORK]S ( ! CITIES TO ! ,:ITES8 ,OR WEAK5 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ C\NT]-REVOLUTION BY IGNOR+ ITS OCCUPATION ( ! CITIES8 

,EV5 MORE 9CR$IBLY1 HE >GUES ?AT ,I ACCEPT 0?AT ,MAKHNO US$ DICTATORIAL TACTICS DUR+ ! CIVIL W> & .<DO.> NOT CONTE/ ! FACT ?AT ! ',REGIONAL ,CONGRESS ( ,PEASANTS1 ,WORK]S & ,9SURG5TS' WAS UND]M9$ & BELITTL$40 ,HE SAYS ?IS IS 9 0CONTRADICTION0 TO ! ,MAKHNOVI/S 5C\RAG+ SOVIET DEMOCRACY & FRE$OM ( SPEE*4 ,H[EV]1 HE FAILS TO NOTE ?AT ,I SAID ?AT 9 ! HEAT ( BATTLE1 GRASSROOTS DEMOCRACY WAS SOMETIMES IGNOR$4 ,! PO9T IS NOT :E!R VIOLATIONS ( PR9CIPAL OCCUR1 IT IS :E!R SU* VIOLATIONS >E OCCASIONAL OR :E!R !Y >E BUILT 9TO ! NEW SY/EM4 ,HE >GUES ?AT ?IS 0A MIRROR >GUM5T0 ( :AT ,I CRITICIZE ,M>XI/S =1 0NAMELY RELY+ ON ! PAT]NALI/IC & B5EVOL5T ATTITUDES ( ONE'S LEAD]S RA!R ?AN ! 9H]5T & SPONTANE\S REVOLUTION>Y NATURE ( ! WORK+ MASSES40 ,?IS IS1 ( C\RSE1 A TOTAL DI/ORTION ( MY >GUM5T & ! FACTS4 

,HE CLAIMS ?AT ,I SIMPLY REPEAT :AT HE 0>GU$ 9 ! FIR/ PLACE & ! PO9T ,MC,KAY HAS BE5 REBUTT+ 9 ALL HIS RESPONSES40 ,:AT NONS5SE4 ,! ,MAKHNOVI/S OCCASIONALLY VIOLAT$ LIB]T>IAN PR9CIPLES :ILE1 9 ! MA91 IMPLEM5T+ & 5C\RAG+ !M4 ,! ,BOL%EVIKS VIOLAT$ !M FROM ! />T1 MOREOV] RAIS+ P>TY DICTATOR%IP TO A KEY IDEOLOGICAL POSITION4 ,! ,MAKHNOVI/S CALL$ SOVIET CONGRESSES1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS DISB&$ !M4 ,! =M] 5C\RAG$ FREE SPEE* & ORGANIZATION1 ! LATT] CRU%$ BO?4 ,BUT1 APP>5TLY1 BO? >E ! SAME BECAUSE ,MAKHNO MADE A FEW >BITR>Y DECISIONS6 ,9CR$IBLE4 

,WILLS >GUES ?AT 0! POLITICS ( ,M>XISM >E NO MORE TO BLAME = ,BOL%EVIK ,JACOB9ISM ?AN ! POLITICS ( ,BAKUN9ISM >E = ! BUREAUCRATIC DEG5]ATION ( ! ,MAKHNOV%*9A40 ,BAKUN9ISM8 ,AN>*ISM IS NOT 0,BAKUN9ISM40 ,AS = 0BUREAUCRATIC DEG5]ATION10 WELL1 CLE>LY ,WILLS KN[S LITTLE AB\T ! ,MAKHNOVI/ MOVEM5T4 ,NOR LOGIC1 IF HE EQUATES P>TY DICTATOR%IP1 ONE-MAN MANAGEM5T & ! REPRESSION ( WORK+ CLASS PROTE/ ) A FEW >BITR>Y DECISIONS BY ,MAKHNO 7:I*1 9CID5TALLY1 ! ,REGIONAL ,CONGRESSES HELD ! >MY ACC\NTABLE =74 

,HE TRIES TO ANSW] ?IS ISSUE BY >GU+ ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIKS 0L$ A POPUL> 9SURG5CY AGA9/ ! /ATE AFT] BUILD+ UP HUGE SUPPORT 9 ! LOCAL SOVIETS40 ,YET HE FAILS TO NOTE ?AT BY ! SPR+ ( #a#i#a#h1 !Y HAD LO/ 0! SUPPORT ( ! MAJORITY ( ! ORGANIZ$ WORK+ CLASS0 ACROSS ,RUSSIA4 ,9 RESPONSE TO ?IS1 !Y G]RYM&]$ SOVIETS & DISB&$1 BY =CE1 ANY :I* W]E ELECT$ ) NON-,BOL%EVIK MAJORITIES4 ,?IS WAS BE=E ! />T ( 0! APPALL+ CONDITIONS ( 'CIVIL W>1'0 :I* !RE=E CANNOT BE BLAM$ = IT4 ,! WORK+ CLASS PROTE/$ ?IS USURPATION ( P[]4 ,MASS /RIKES WAVES TOOK PLACE ?R\<\T ! CIVIL W>4 ,! ,BOL%EVIK RESPONSE WAS SIMPLE3 /ATE REPRESSION 79CLUD+ %OOT+ /RIK]S1 >RE/+ 0R+LEAD]S10 LOCK\TS & M>TIAL LAW74 

,NOR DID ! ,BOL%EVIKS *ANGE FROM A 0LIB]T>IAN PR(ILE0 TO 0RIGID AU?ORIT>IANISM40 ,L59'S /AT$ AIM WAS P>TY P[]4 ,?IS WAS A*IEV$4 ,TO MA9TA9 !IR AU?ORITY1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS HAD TO USE AU?ORIT>IAN ME?ODS4 ,!Y MAY HAVE TALK$ AB\T 7SOME7 LIB]T>IAN IDEAS BE=E TAK+ P[]1 BUT1 AS ,M>X SAID1 WE MU/ JUDGE PEOPLE BY :AT !Y DO1 NOT :AT !Y SAY4 ,MOREOV]1 IS ,WILLS IMPLY+ ?AT ,BOL%EVIK IDEOLOGY PLAY$ NO ROLE 9 ! DECISIONS MADE8 ,?AT SEEMS UNLIKELY1 P>TICUL>LY SEE+ ?AT LEAD+ ,BOL%EVIKS JU/IFI$ !IR POLICIES 9 IDEOLOGICAL T]MS4 ,OR ?AT ! 7/ATI/7 9/ITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ! ,BOL%EVIKS OP]AT$ 9 ALSO HAD NO EFFECT ON ! EVOLUTION ( !IR PRACTICE & IDEOLOGY8 

,WILLS BLAMES ,BOL%EVIK AU?ORIT>IANISM ON 0! FAILURE ( SOCIAL REVOLUTION 9 ,EUROPE10 YET ! ,BOL%EVIKS W]E DISB&+ SOVIETS & IMPOS+ ONE-MAN MANAGEM5T LONG BE=E ?IS HAPP5$4 ,HE ABSOLVES ! ,BOL%EVIK LEAD]%IP = RESPONSIBILITY = ITS [N ACTIONS BY /AT+ 0! REAL CAUSE0 WAS 0! FAILURES & BETRAYALS ( ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T 9 ,EUROPE & ELSE:]E40 ,IF ALL ELSE FAILS1 BLAME ! WORK]S1 EH8 

,WILLS SAYS MY COMM5TS ON WORK]S' C\NCILS DOES 0NOT DIFF] FROM ,M>XISM OR E>LY ,BOL%EVISM0 & SEEM 0RA!R TO BE ! BEG9N+ ( A BREAK ) ANTI-/ATISM40 ,FUNNILY 5\<1 ,I WAS P>APHRAS+ COMM5TS ,BAKUN9 MADE BE=E ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE APPLI$ ! IDEA ( IMP]ATIVE M&ATES4 7:I* ,M>X PRAIS$74 ,SO MY COMM5TS SIGNIFY CONSI/5T ANTI-/ATISM1 NOT A 0BREAK0 FROM IT4 ,AS = 0E>LY ,BOL%EVISM10 SURELY ,WILLS KN[S ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIKS 9ITIALLY OPPOS$ ! SOVIETS 9 #aie 7! LOGIC ( ?AT OPPOSITION WAS DI/9CTLY ANTI-DEMOCRATIC1 AL?\< IT HELPS EXPLA9 :AT HAPP5$ 9 #a#i#a#h678 ,& ?AT ! AN>*I/S NOT ONLY SUPPORT$ ! SOVIETS1 BUT SAW !M AS ! FRAMEWORK ( ! FREE SOCIETY 7UNLIKE ! ,BOL%EVIKS78 ,UNSURPRIS+LY1 GIV5 ,BAKUN9'S IDEAS4 ,:I* MEANS ?AT :5 !Y TALK ( WORK]S' C\NCILS1 ,L59I/S >E ONLY REPEAT+ ,BAKUN9 -- ! DIFF]5CE BE+1 AS ! ,MAKHNOVI/S & ! ,BOL%EVIKS %[1 AN>*I/S MEAN IT6 

,F9ALLY1 ,WILLS SAYS ?AT POPUL> SELF-MANAGEM5T 0IS NOT A CONSI/5T >GUM5T AGA9/ ! /ATE OR AU?ORITY10 SO %[+ HIS IGNORANCE ( AN>*ISM4 ,HE SUGGE/S ?AT ?IS 0SEEMS TO IMPLY ! BREAKUP ( ! NATIONAL /ATE 9TO LOTS ( SMALL]1 AUTONOM\S /ATES40 ,HE OBVI\SLY CANNOT TELL ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 LIB]T>IAN ORGANIZATION 7P[] TO ! BASE & DECISION MAK+ FROM ! BOTTOM-UP7 & ! /ATE 7C5TRALIZ$ P[] 9 A FEW H&S & TOP-D[N DECISION MAK+74 ,:I* HELPS EXPLA9 :Y ! ,BOL%EVIK REVOLUTION WAS SU* A FAILURE4 ,! CONFUSION ( WORK+ CLASS P[] ) P>TY P[] IS ONE ( ! ROOT PROBLEMS ) ,BOL%EVISM4 ,LET'S LE>N FROM HI/ORY1 NOT REPEAT IT4 

Y\RS1 

,IA9 ,MC,KAY 

,SIX? ,LETT] 

,DE> ,WEEKLY ,WORK] 

,IT IS IRONIC ?AT ,JOE ,WILLS 7LETT]S1 #e#e7 ACCUSES ME ( 0REVISIONISM10 GIV5 ! UTT] LACK ( HI/ORICAL TRU? 9 HIS [N CLAIMS4 

,HE ASS]TS ?AT ! ,MAKHNOVI/S 0OCCUPI$ A S+LE T[N1 ,EKAT]9OSLAV1 = ONE DAY40 ,9 REALITY1 !Y LIB]AT$ NUM]\S T[NS4 ,EV5 HIS [N EXAMPLE IS FALSE4 ,EKAT]9OSLAV WAS HELD = 0= SIX WEEKS0 AT ! 5D ( #a#i#a#i1 )\T ! NEGATIVE AFFECTS HE CLAIMS 7,MI*AEL ,PALIJ1 0,! ,AN>*ISM ( ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO01 P4 #b74 ,9 ,OLEKS&RIVS'K1 !Y ORGANIZ$ 0A MEET+ ( WORK]S 444 & 444 ASK$ !M TO ORGANIZE ! MANAGEM5T 444 ( 9DU/RY BY !IR [N MEANS & UND] !IR [N CONTROL40 ,A ,FIF? SOVIET ,REGIONAL CONGRESS WAS ALSO CALL$4 7PP4 #a#i#f-#g7 

,WILLS CLAIMS ?AT ! ,MAKHNOVI/S W]E A 0M>G9AL =CE0 :I* 0NUMB]$ NO MORE ?AN #f1#g40 ,9 REALTY1 9 ,MAY1 #a#i#a#i1 !Y NUMB]$ OV] #b#b11 PEAK+ AT AB\T #d1 9 LATE ,OCTOB] 7P4 #a#a#a1 P4 #a#i#h74 ,WILLS' FIGURE D]IVES FROM ,D>*'S 0,! ,MAKHNOV%*9A #a#i#a#g-#a#i#b#a0 & >E SOVIET E/IMATES = E>LY #a#i#a#i4 ,I CAN SEE :Y HE USES ?IS S\RCE1 GIV5 ,D>*'S UNCRITICAL USE ( ,SOVIET HI/ORIES ON ! SUBJECT4 ,NICE TO KN[ ?AT ,WILLS CONSID]S ,/AL9I/ ACC\NTS NOT SUFF] FROM 0REVISIONISM06 ,AS = 0M>G9AL10 WELL ! ,:ITES W\LD DISPUTE ?AT3 0! ,D5IK9 TROOPS CAME TO REG>D ,MAKHNO'S >MY AS !IR MO/ =MIDABLE 5EMY40 7,PALIJ1 P4 #b#b7 ,9DE$1 !IR ROLE 9 ! DEFEAT ( ,D5IK9 & ,WRANGEL W]E KEY4 

,WILLS ASS]TS ?AT ! ,MAKHNOVI/S FAIL$ 0TO UND]/& ! NE$S ( URBAN WORK]S40 ,:ILE PR$OM9ANTLY A PEASANT MOVEM5T1 !Y DID URGE WORK]S TO ORGANIZE !MSELVES & RUN !IR [N WORKPLACES 7) SOME SUCCESS74 ,! ,BOL%EVIKS1 9 CONTRA/1 IMPOS$ ONE-MAN MANAGEM5T & MILIT>IZATION ONTO ! WORK]S4 ,PRESUMABLY1 = ,WILLS1 ! LATT] EXPRESSES 0! NE$S0 ( WORK]S BETT] ?AN ! =M]6 

,HE CLAIMS ,I ?9K 0PR9CIPLES >E NOT IMPORTANT -- JU/ ! DEGREE ( VIOLATION40 ,CAN HE NOT SEE ?AT A MOVEM5T :I* APPLIES MO/ ( ITS PROCLAIM$ IDEAS MO/ ( ! TIME IS FUNDAM5TALLY DIFF]5T TO ONE :I* VIOLAT$ !M ALL1 FROM ! />T8 ,HE CLAIMS ?AT IF 0GRASSROOTS DEMOCRACY0 CAN BE IGNOR$ !N 0BO? HI]>*Y & BUREAUCRACY MU/ HAVE EXI/$40 ,DELEGATES CAN IGNORE !IR M&ATES 7?AT IS :Y AN>*I/S >GUE = 9/ANT RECALL7 BUT ?AT DOES NOT IMPLY HI]>*Y4 ,IT IMPLIES HI]>*Y IS BEG9N+1 UNLESS ! GRASSROOTS ACT4 ,:I*1 9 ! ,MAKHNOVI/ MOVEM5T1 IT DID4 ,SO1 YES1 ! ,MAKHNOVI/S W]E NOT P]FECT BUT !Y /OOD = & IMPLEM5T$ WORKPLACE1 >MY1 VILLAGE & SOVIET SELF-MANAGEM5T4 

,UNLIKE ! ,BOL%EVIKS4 ,! FACTS >E ?AT :5EV] FAC$ ) A FUNCTION+ SOVIET DEMOCRACY BE=E1 DUR+ & AFT] ! CIVIL W>1 !Y PREF]R$ P>TY P[]4 ,WILLS ABSOLVES ! ,BOL%EVIKS DISB&+ SOVIETS 9 ! SPR+ ( #aiah BECAUSE ?IS 0WAS WELL AFT] ! \TBREAK0 ( ! CIVIL W>4 ,YET ,L59 /AT$ 9 ,M>* #a#i#a#h1 ?AT 0! ,SOVIET ,GOV]NM5T HAS TRIUMPH$ 9 ! ,CIVIL ,W>40 ,9 ,APRIL1 HE SAID 0ONE CAN SAY ) C]TA9TY ?AT ! ,CIVIL ,W> 9 ITS MA9 PHASES HAS BE5 BR\<T TO AN 5D40 

,EV5 ASSUM+ ,WILLS IS FACTUALLY CORRECT1 ! LOGIC ( HIS >GUM5T IS CLE>3 WORK+ CLASS DEMOCRACY & REVOLUTION >E 9COMPATIBLE4 ,?IS CAN BE SE5 FROM HIS DEF5SE ( ! ,BOL%EVIKS BANN+ ! ,MAKHNOVI/'S ,F\R? ,REGIONAL ,CONGRESS4 ,HIS ACC\NT ( ! ,?IRD IS D]IV$ FROM ,D>*1 & SO FROM ,SOVIET ACC\NTS4 ,HE CLAIMS ?AT 0,MAKHNO D5I$ ! LEGITIMACY ( ! ,ALL-,UKRA9IAN ,CONGRESS ( ,SOVIETS10 AS IF ,WILLS DID NOT KN[ ?AT IT WAS A CREATURE ( ! ,BOL%EVIK DICTATOR%IP4 ,9DE$1 ! CONFLICT BETWE5 P>TY DICTATOR%IP & SOVIET DEMOCRACY HAD BE5 A !ME ( ! ,SECOND ,CONGRESS 7,PALIJ1 PP4 #a#e#c-#d7 ,AS = 0AGITATION AGA9/ /ATE SOCIALISM10 IS ,WILLS >GU+ AGA9/ FREE SPEE*8 

,WILLS JU/IFIES ,BOL%EVIK AU?ORIT>IANISM AS 0ALL ?IS AS ! REVOLUTION F\<T = ITS SURVIVAL06 ,:I*1 IRONICALLY1 WAS EXACTLY ! REASON :Y ! ,F\R? ,CONGRESS WAS CALL$1 TO DISCUSS ! PROBLEMS FAC+ ! REVOLUTION4 ,OBVI\SLY ,WILLS DISAGREES ) ,MAKHNO ?AT IT IS 0AN 9VIOLABLE RI<T ( ! WORK]S & PEASANTS1 A RI<T WON BY ! REVOLUTION1 TO CALL CONGRESSES ON !IR [N ACC\NT1 TO DISCUSS !IR AFFAIRS40 ,IS ,WILLS REALLY >GU+ ?AT ! MASSES %\LD HAVE NO SAY 9 !IR REVOLUTION8 

,WILLS >GUES ?AT ACC\NTS ( ! ,MAKHNOVI/S CANNOT BE TRU/$1 QUOT+ A HI/ORIAN :O BASES HIS CASE ON SOVIET ACC\NTS4 ,IT IS H>DLY \R FAULT ?AT 0EMPIRICAL DATA0 IS H>D TO F9D4 ,ANY ONE :O WAS LUCKY 5\< NOT TO BE %OT OR IMPRISON$ BY ! ,*EKA WAS SUBJECT TO ,BOL%EVIK DICTATOR%IP4 ,?IS1 NATURALLY1 MEANS MO/ FIR/ H& ACC\NTS W]E BY 0COMMITT$ AN>*I/S0 9 EXILE4 ,SIGNIFICANTLY RESPECT$ HI/ORIANS LIKE ,PALIJ HAVE MANAG$ TO PRODUCE HI/ORIES ( ! MOVEM5T BAS$ ON NUM]\S S\RCES :I* TALLY ) ! AN>*I/ ONES4 

,F9ALLY1 ,WILLS D5IES ?AT ,I EXPRESS 0CONSI/5T ANTI-/ATISM40 ,HE NOTES ?AT ,BAKUN9 0DESCRIBES HIS ORGANIZATION AS A 'NEW REVOLUTION>Y /ATE4'0 ,HE DID SO1 9 #a#h#f#h1 BUT NOT 9 LAT]1 SIMIL>1 DESCRIPTIONS4 ,:Y8 ,TO QUOTE ,DANIEL ,GU]91 9ITIALLY ,BAKUN9 US$ SU* T]MS 0AS SYNONYMS = 'SOCIAL COLLECTIVE4' ,! AN>*I/S SOON SAW1 H[EV]1 ?AT IT WAS RA!R DANG]\S = !M TO USE ! SAME WORD AS ! AU?ORIT>IANS :ILE GIV+ IT A QUITE DIFF]5T MEAN+4 ,!Y FELT ?AT A NEW CONCEPT CALL$ = A NEW WORD & ?AT ! USE ( ! OLD T]M C\LD BE DANG]\SLY AMBIGU\S2 SO !Y CEAS$ TO GIVE ! NAME ',/ATE' TO ! SOCIAL COLLECTIVE ( ! FUTURE40 

,AN>*I/S >GUE ?AT ! /ATE IS /RUCTUR$ TO 5SURE M9ORITY RULE &1 CONSEQU5TLY1 A 0WORK]S' /ATE0 W\LD BE A NEW =M ( M9ORITY RULE OV] ! WORK]S4 ,= ?IS REASON WE >GUE ?AT WORK+ CLASS SELF-MANAGEM5T FROM ! BOTTOM-UP CANNOT BE CONFUS$ ) A 0/ATE40 ,! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION %[$ ! VALIDITY ( ?IS1 ) ! ,BOL%EVIKS CALL+ !IR DICTATOR%IP A 0WORK]S' /ATE0 9 SPITE ( ! WORK]S HAV+ NO P[] 9 IT4 

,IT IS SIMPLE REALLY1 EI!R ! CLASS ORGANIZATIONS ( ! WORK+ CLASS >E 9 *>GE OR ! P>TY LEAD]%IP IS4 ,WILLS' >GUM5TS JU/ REAFFIRM ?AT1 = ,L59I/S1 IT IS MO/ DEF9ITELY ! LATT]4 ,LITTLE WOND]1 !N1 HIS DI/ORTIONS AB\T ! ,MAKHNOVI/S & AN>*ISM4 

,IA9 ,MC,KAY 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #b1 #bba 3 ,LETT]S ON ,AN>*ISM & ,M>XISM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,LETT]S ON ,AN>*ISM & ,M>XISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/