,LAW & ,ORD] 9 ,IREL&1 ,P>T #f 

#ahhg 

,PEOPLE 3 

,$ITOR 3 ,*>LOTTE ,WILSON 

,TAGS 3 NOM9AL ALLEGIANCE1 RELIGI\S H\SES1 IREL&1 LORD1 *IEFS1 PEOPLE1 MI<T1 5GLI%1 H5RY1 P[]4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ROB Z&1,C,C ,B,Y-,S,A ,LIC5SE ,V,I4 --- ,R,E,=,M,A,T,I,O,N4 

,UND] ,H5RY ,V,I,I,I !RE WAS A NEW DEP>TURE 9 ,IRI% LEGISLATION4 ,A SPECIES ( ,LIB]ALISM WAS EVOLV$1 NO D\BT ! PROG5ITOR ( :AT WE KN[ TO-DAY BY ?AT NAME1 A LIB]ALITY ?AT GAVE 9 ORD] ?AT IT MI<T TAKE ) A GREAT] IMPUNITY4 

,H5RY ,V,I,I41 AS WE HAVE SE51 W5T 9  = CO]CION ON A *EAP SCALE BY GIV+ UNLIMIT$ P[] TO ! NOBLE :O C\LD BE/ KEEP HIS FELL[S 9 *ECK1 REQUIR+ 9 RETURN ONLY A NOM9AL ALLEGIANCE4 ,! REBELLI\S DISORD] 9 ,IREL& HAD BE5 MORE ?AN ONCE FLUNG TAUNT+LY 9 ! FACES ( ,5GLI% AMBASSADORS1 :5 ASS5T-BLISS ( ! ,EUROPEAN CR[N$ BULLIES MET TO CONC]T PLANS ( 0ROBB]Y ) VIOL5CE40 ,IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE = ,H5RY ,V,I,I,I41 :O BAD SET ! ,POPE & ALL ,*RI/5DOM AT DEFIANCE1 TO CONT5T HIMSELF ) A NOM9AL ALLEGIANCE & ! %AD[Y TITLE ( 0,DOM9US ,HIB]NITE40 ,C>D9AL ,WOLSEY HAD LONG DREAM$ ( MAK+ HIS MA/] AS ABSOLUTE 9 ,IREL& AS HE WAS 9 ,5GL& & HAD 9ITIAT$ A POLICY ( DI/+UI%+ BETWE5 ! ,ANGLO-,IRI% B>ONS & ! ,IRI% *IEFS TO ! FAVOR ( ! LATT]4 ,! P[] ( ! B>ONS WAS TO BE CIRCUMSCRIB$1 :ILE ! *IEFS W]E TO BE WON OV] BY 0DULSE WAYS & POLITIC DRIFTS10 A POLICY ?AT WAS ADOPT$ & PURSU$ UNTIL ! LAT] YE>S ( ,ELIZABE?'S REIGN4 ,WOLSEY FELL FROM HIS GREATNESS BE=E HIS S*EME WAS ACCOMPLI%$2 BUT ! TASK FELL 9TO ABL] H&S1 ?OSE ( ,?OMAS ,CROMWELL1 ! RU?LESS4 ,A COMMISSION S5T OV] 9 #aecc TO 9QUIRE 9TO ! CAUSES ( DISAFFECTION & DISORD]1 REPORT$ ?AT HI!RTO ! HEAD ( ! GOV]NM5T HAD BE5 *OS5 = P>TY PURPOSES1 & HAD EX]CIS$ HIS P[] CORRUPTLY1 ?AT ! (FICIALS W]E :OLLY UNFIT TO FULFILL !IR DUTIES 2 ?AT JU/ICE WAS NOT ADM9I/]$1 ORD] NOT PRES]V$1 & ?AT ! K+'S REV5UES HAD BE5 EMBEZZL$2 ?AT ! PEOPLE W]E PLUND]$ BY & ) ! CONNIVANCE ( ! ,VIC]OY & RACK-R5T$ BY !IR L&LORDS4 ,ASSUR$LY1 A /RANGE CONFESSION TO F9D 9 A ,/ATE PAP]1 & PROBABLY ONE ?AT W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 PUBLI%$ BUT = ITS BE+ A W>RANT = ! C>RY+ \T ( ! 0,PLAN ( ,RE=MATION10 :I* WAS TO R5D] ,IREL& A BRI<T GEM 9 ! ,5GLI% DIADEM1 & A LUCRATIVE 9VE/M5T AT ! SAME TIME4 

 ,! *IEFS W]E EASILY WON BY ! 0DULSE WAYS40 ,HU< ,O',DONNELL AFT] F\R MON?S' 5T]TA9M5T AT ,W9DSOR & ,GRE5WI* RETURN$ HOME A F]V5T & /EADFA/ P>TISAN ( ,5GLI% AU?ORITY4 ,L>GE SUMS W]E DI/RIBUT$ TO PUR*ASE ! BIR?RI<T ( ! TRIBES4 ,! *IEFS 9 RETURN = ,5GLI% GOLD YIELD$ TO ! GOV]NM5T ! L&S !Y NEV] [N$1 BUT :I* BELONG$ TO ! PEOPLE1 RECEIV+ !M BACK ON FEUDAL T5URE ) ! PALTRY TITLE ( E>L OR B>ON4 

 ,! B>ONS TA/$ ! QUALITY ( ! NEW POLICY ) A DIFF]5CE4 ,! ,KILD>ES W]E ! FIR/ DEALT )4 ,G]ALD1 ! REIGN+ E>L1 WAS IMPRISON$ 9 ! ,T[] ( ,LONDON & DI$ !RE BROK5-HE>T$ BY ! NEWS ( HIS SON'S ABORTIVE REBEL-LION4 ,! SON1 KN[N BE/ 9 HI/ORY AS 0SILK5 ,?OMAS10 WAS HANG$ AT ,TYBUNT 9 COMPANY ) FIVE ( HIS UNCLES4 ,! SOLE MALE REPRES5TATIVE :O ESCAP$ FROM ! RU9 ( ! ONCE P[]FUL H\SE ( ! ,KILD>E ,G]ALD9ES WAS A LAD ( TWELVE4 ,LORD ,DEPUTY ,SKEFF+TON SPE$ILY BR\<T ! LESS] NOBLES UND] ! YOKE BY BATT]+ !IR CA/LES AB\T !IR E>S ) GREAT GUNS ! LIKE ( :I* HAD NOT BE5 SE5 9 ,IREL& BE=E4 ,SEV5 YE>S ( VIGOR\S CANNONAD+ 0R$UC$ ! ISL& TO AN UNEXAMPL$ CONDITION ( TRANQUILITY40 0,IRI%M510 WROTE ONE ( ! ,LORD ,JU/ICES TO ,CROMWELL10 W]E NEV] 9 SU* FE> AS N[40 ,! CA/LES DEMOLI%$1 ?OSE 0NE/S ( REBELLION10 ! NOBLES W]E COMPELL$ TO PL[ !IR L&S1 & !IR PETTY TYRANTS BE+ ?US 9 A MEASURE SUBDU$1 AN AMELIORATION 9 ! CONDITION ( ! MASSES BEGAN AT ONCE TO BE FELT4 ,?R\<\T ,H5RY'S ,/ATE PAP]S CONC]N+ ,IREL& A 0RESPECT = ! ,CELTIC POPULATION & A SYMPA?Y = ! POOR10 >E EXPRESS$4 ,/4 ,LEG]1 :O TOOK UP ! WORK ( RE=M 9 #a#e#c#i1 AFT] ,SKEFF+TON & ,LORD ,LEON>D ,GRAY1 GAVE 9 ONE ( HIS REPORTS A H>R[+ ACC\NT ( ! PEOPLE'S CONDITION4 ,!IR LORDS QU>T]$ ON !M AT PLEASURE HORSES1 S]VANTS1 & GUE/S4 ,!Y W]E *>G$ ) HORSE-MEAT & MAN'S-MEAT :5 !IR LORDS TRAVEL$4 ,!Y W]E MULCT$ ( A %EEP FROM EV]Y FLOCK & A C[ FROM EV]Y VILLAGE :5 A LE ,PO] OR A ,BUTL] M>RI$ A DAU<T]4 ,:5 A POOR PEASANT DI$ HIS WID[ HAD TO GIVE ! BE/ ( HIS *ATTELS TO ! LORD ( ! MANOR4 ,:5 A NOBLEMAN'S SON W5T TO ,5GL& = HIS $UCATION1 ! T5ANTS ON ! E/ATE DEFRAY$ ! EXP5SES ( HIS \TFIT & J\RNEY4 ,:5 MY LORD HUNT$1 HIS DOGS HAD TO BE PROVID$ ) MILK1 BREAD1 & BUTT]2 :5 HE MADE M]RY ! UN=TUNATE PEASANTS PREP>$ HIS FEA/S4 ,!SE FEA/S W]E CALL$ 0CO%]+S10 & SOMETIMES MY LORD & HIS WIFE W\LD RIDE ) A FROLICSOME P>TY ( GUE/S TO A NEI<BOR+ F>M1 DEM&+ A MIDNI<T SUPP]1 :I* ! UNLUCKY FANN] D>$ NOT REFUSE4 0,EV]Y AGGRAVATION ( FEUDAL WRONG WAS 9FLICT$ ON ?IS H>ASS$ PEOPLE40 

 ,N[ = ! FIR/ TIME !RE WAS AN EXECUTIVE ?AT /&+ BETWE5 ! PEOPLE & !IR IMM$IATE OPPRESSORS1 MI<T HAVE US$ ITS AU?ORITY TO BR+ AB\T COMPLETE POLITICAL UNION BETWE5 ! C\NTRIES1 BUT = ! ATTEMPT TO 9TRODUCE RELIGI\S AS WELL AS SOCIAL RE=MS2 AN ATTEMPT ?AT %[$ ! PEOPLE !Y HAD BUT EX*ANG$ ONE =M ( TYRANNY = ANO!R4 ,! ACT ( SUPREMACY HAD BE5 9TRODUC$ BY ,GRAY & PASS$ 9 ,P>LIAM5T )\T ATTRACT+ POPUL> NOTICE1 AS WELL AS A /ATUTE PROHIBIT+ APPEALS TO ,ROME & ! GIV+ ( ! FIR/ FRUITS ( ! CL]GY TO ! ,POPE4 ,EV5 ! SUPPRESSION ( ?IRTE5 ABBEYS 9 #aecg SC>CELY MADE A /IR1 AL?\< ! RELIGI\S H\SES 9 ,IREL& W]E P]FECTLY FREE FROM ! DISORD]S1 :I* JU/IFI$ 9 A MEASURE ! SUPPRESSION ( !M 9 ,5GL&4 ,BUT :5 ! POPULACE SAW ! TIME-HONOR$ RELICS ( ! SA9TS TORN FROM !IR %R9ES & BURN$ 9 ! M>KET PLACES1 !IR ANG] BROKE =? AGA9/ ! RE=M]S1 :OSE ICONOCLA/IC ZEAL WE MI<T ADMIRE IF WE W]E NOT CONSCI\S ?AT IT WAS /IMULAT$ BY ! RI* PLUND] ( ! ABBEYS4 ,SUBSEQU5TLY ! PROP]TY ( ALL RELIGI\S H\SES WAS VE/$ 9 ! ,CR[N4 ,! H\SES CONFISCAT$ NUMB]$ UPW>DS ( #d1 ( :I* ! P]SONALTY WAS VALU$ AT ,G,B,P#a11 & ! L&S AT AN ANNUAL REV5UE ( ,G,B,P#c#b14 ,P5SIONS W]E GRANT$ TO PRIE/S & FRI>S 9 CONSID]ATION ( 0AN ORD]LY SELF-EFFACEM5T40 ,! BULK ( ! L& WAS GRANT$ EI!R = A REAL OR NOM9AL PRICE TO ! ,5GLI%M5 COMPOS+ ! ,K+'S ,C\NCIL AT ,DUBL94 ,L>GE SUMS ( ! MONEY W]E US$ 9 FUR!R BRIBES TO ! *IEFS1 :O W]E ALSO ASSIGN$ H\SES 9 ,DUBL9 = OCCUPATION DUR+ ! SITT+ ( ,P>LIAM5T1 0?AT !Y MI<T SUCK 9 CIVILITY ) ! ,C\RT AIR40 

 ,A SEAL WAS SET ON ALL !SE RE=MS 787 BY ,H5RY'S ASSUMPTION ( ! TITLE ( ,K+ ( ,IREL& 9 #a#e#d#a4 

7,T,O ,B,E ,C,O,N,T,9,U,$7 

,FRE$OM3 ,A ,J\RNAL ( ,AN>*I/ ,SOCIALISM 

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