Notes
Sydney, c. late 1970s, original emphasis. Nicolas Walter, “Has Anarchism Changed? Part Two Concluded,” Freedom, 10 July 1976, p.13. Both ‘carnival anarchism’ and ‘anarchist councilism’ were not original discoveries of the 1960s. As David Berry notes, many French anarchist communists in the late 1910s and early 1920s adhered to a “council anarchism” or “sovietism” David Berry, A History of the French Anarchist Movement 1917—1945, Westport: Greenwood Press, 2002, pp.47–72. Similarly, it is often claimed that classical council communists adopted anarchist views — for example, Philippe Bourrinet argues that in the 1930s and 1940s Dutch council communists, such as the Communistenbond, adopted a kind of ‘anarcho-councilism.’ Philippe Bourrinet, The Dutch and German Communist Left (1900—68), N.p.: Philippe Bour... (From : TheAnarchistLibrary.org.)

Part 15, Chapter 3 : Hardt and Negri: Anarchists or (Post)Marxists?
Hardt and Negri: Anarchists or (Post)Marxists? David Bates Not available. (From : TheAnarchistLibrary.org.)

Part 15, Chapter 2 : Post-Anarchism and Marxism
Post-Anarchism and Marxism Simon Choat Power and Subjectivity: A Critique of Post-Anarchism Prominent post-anarchists include Todd May, Saul Newman, and Lewis Call: they argue both that there is a continuum between classical anarchism and post-structuralism and that the latter can radicalize and reenergize the former. It is claimed by post-anarchists that whereas Marxism is economically reductionist and places its faith in the notion of a vanguard party of the industrial proletariat, both classical anarchism and post-structuralism advance a more subtle analysis of power in its own right, irreducible to the economy, and place their faith in resistance from below, opposing all forms of hierarchy. Classical anarchism is nonetheless criticized for retaining an essentialist concept of the human subject and for focusing too much on the power of the state. It is argued that post-structuralism, with its decentering of subjectivity and its deepenin... (From : TheAnarchistLibrary.org.)

Part 15, Chapter 1 : Beyond the working-class: the politics of the excluded
Ideology and Post-Ideology 2 Beyond the working-class: the politics of the excluded Andy Robinson The intersection of “Black and Red” has historically occurred around the common feature of orientation to the working class and related ideas of socialist anti-capitalism. In this paper, I shall argue that the division of the working-class into included and excluded necessitates a new orientation to the excluded. The paper will begin by exploring how the question of the excluded drove a wedge between Bakunin and Marx, before looking at the growth of exclusion today and the types of social movement to which it gives rise. It will attempt to map a ‘politics of the excluded’ to inform the revitalization of anarchism and autonomous neo-Marxism while deepening the insights of Bakunin’s critique of Marx. Bakunin believes that people change their class position by becoming part of the state (excerpt 1) and fears a &lsquo... (From : TheAnarchistLibrary.org.)

Part 14, Chapter 2 : Mayday magazine on Red and Black theoretical perspectives
Mayday magazine on Red and Black theoretical perspectives Trevor Bark Not available. (From : TheAnarchistLibrary.org.)

On the origins of the collapse of the First International
On the origins of the collapse of the First International Paul B. Smith What caused the Collapse of the First International? Workers worldwide have the potential to form a class that can abolish capitalism and the state. However, there are certain necessary conditions for this to happen. First of all, workers need a theory capable of understanding the present. Secondly, they need an organizational form or forms that will provide them with the ability to take power (Ticktin, 2006, p25). Prior to the founding of the First International, socialist groups were separated theoretically and organizationally from the labor movement. The First International was the first organizational form that combined theories of the nature of capitalism and its ... (From : TheAnarchistLibrary.org.)

Ideology and Politics: Overcoming the divide between red and black
Ideology and Politics: Overcoming the divide between red and black George Sotiropoulos ‘A Bedouin, perhaps, a Citizen, never’ (?): Overcoming the Red and Black divide ‘What, then, is Bauer’s solution to the Jewish question and what is the result? To formulate a question is already to solve it. The critique of the Jewish question is the answer to it. Here is a resume: We must emancipate ourselves before we can emancipate others.’ — Karl Marx, ‘On the Jewish Question’ What relevance does a discussion of the divide between anarchism and Marxism can possibly have nowadays? Slavoj Zizek has expressed the problem pertinently: ‘Things look bad for great Causes today, in a “postmodern&rdqu... (From : TheAnarchistLibrary.org.)

Towards a synthesis of anarchism and Marxism
Towards a synthesis of anarchism and Marxism Ruth Kinna Not available. (From : TheAnarchistLibrary.org.)

(New) New Left?: radical considerations in Canada and Quebec from the post-1968 moment to today
Convergence Through Practice 1: The New Left (New) New Left?: radical considerations in Canada and Quebec from the post-1968 moment to today Mike Mowbray Introduction This paper begins with so-called ‘New Left’ in the particular context of Canada and of Quebec — as seen through the lens of some radical publications. I will begin with a note on the notions of the ‘New Left’ itself, and with a thumbnail sketch of the local socio-political developments and prominent aspects of radical contention relevant to the Quebec-Canada context. Subsequently, I examine some ideas and expressions of the New Left, as emerged in the pages of the twin Montreal publications Our Generation and Noir et Rouge in the explosive climate... (From : TheAnarchistLibrary.org.)

Red and Black Christians: Some Similarities and Differences between Liberation Theology and Christian Anarchism
Red and Black Christians: Some Similarities and Differences between Liberation Theology and Christian Anarchism Alex Christoyannopoulos Not available. (From : TheAnarchistLibrary.org.)