,9T]VIEW ) ! ,WOMAN'S ,SIGNAL 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 

,TEXT 3 

,A ,L,I,V,+ ,W,A,G,E ,= ,W,O,M,54  

,A,N ,9,T,],V,I,E,W ,) ,M,R4 ,W,I,L,L,I,A,M ,M,O,R,R,I,S4  

,J,\,R,N,E,Y,+ FROM T[N1 DIRECT BY ROAD TO ,HAMM]SMI?1 ,I TRAVEL$ 
OV] ! GR\ND :I* ,MR4  ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS HAS MADE FAM\S 9 HIS 0,NEWS FROM 
,NO:]E10 & ,I MU/ CONFESS ?AT ! DREAM ( TRANS=MATION :I* HE 
DESCRIBES SEEM$ IMPOSSIBLE ( REALIZATION4 ,:]E ON E>?1 ,I QU]I$1 >E ALL 
!SE H\SES1 %OPS1 & PEOPLE TO BE BANI%$1 9 ORD] ?AT ! *>M+ 
DI/RICT ( ,MR4  ,MORRIS' DREAM MAY BECOME POSSIBLE8  

,A %ORT TURN+ FROM ! MA9 ROAD ( ,HAMM]SMI? BR\<T ME SUDD5LY FACE 
TO FACE ) OLD ,FA!R ,?AMES & A PRETTY /RET* ( C\NTRY L9+ ! 
FUR!R BANK4 ,IT ALL LOOK$ SO PLEASANT1 GLEAM+ 9 ! SUN%9E1 & WAS SO 
GREAT & SUDD5 A CONTRA/ TO ! DIRTY ,HAMM]SMI? ROAD1 ?AT ,I BEGAN TO 
WOND] :E!R ,I HAD NOT BE5 TO SLEEP1 DREAM$ A DREAM1 & REA*$ ! L& 
( 0,NO:]E40 ,A R[ ( OLD-FA%ION$1 CAPACI\S H\SES1 ) MANY W9D[S & 
9NUM]ABLE %UTT]S1 /& UPON ! RIV] BANK4 ,ONO ( !SE IS ,KELMSCOTT 
,H\SE1 ! ABODE ( ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS -- POET-,SOCIALI/1 REVIV] ( ,5GLI% >T1 
& ! AU?OR ( 0,! ,E>?LY ,P>ADISE40 ,A NOTICE-BO>D BY ! FRONT GATE 
ANN\NC$ ! =?COM+ ,SUNDAY EV5+ LECTURE -- ONE ( A S]IES UPON 
SOCIALI/IC TOPICS :I* IS GIV5 UND] ,MR4  ,MORRIS' AUSPICES 9 ! HALL 
ADJO9+ HIS H\SE4  

,UPON 5T]+ ! H\SE1 ,I 5C\NT]$ ,MR4 ,MORRIS HIMSELF1 A %ORT1 
?ICK-SET MAN1 DRESS$ 9 LOOSE NAVY-BLUE SUIT1 ) A SKY-BLUE %IRT WELL 9 
EVID5CE4 ,HE HAS A BRI<T1 RUDDY FACE1 TW9KL+ GRAY EYES1 & A L>GE1 
SPL5DIDLY-%AP$ HEAD1 COV]$ ) A DISORD]$ MASS ( GRAY1 CURL+ LOCKS4 
,HE LOOK$ AL>M+LY BUSY AS HE L$ ! WAY TO HIS 0D510 A SUNNY ROOM UPON ! 
GR\ND FLOOR1 ! W9D[S COMM&+ A FULL VIEW ( ! RIV]4 ,BOOKS 9 PLA9 
CASES L9$ ! WALLS2 AN ANTIQUE C>V$ OAK *E/1 TWO OR ?REE EASY *AIRS1 
& A L>GE1 PLA9 DEAL TABLE COMPRIS$ ! FURNITURE4 ,!RE WAS NO C>PET UPON 
! FLOOR1 NO CURTA9S AT ! W9D[S4  

0,M9D A PIPE1 EH80 SAID ,MR4 ,MORRIS1 /&+ APPEAL+LY ) A 
L>GE EMPTY PIPE 9 HIS H&1 & A LONG+ LOOK AT HIS TOBACCO BAG HANG+ ON 
! WALL4 ,! MO/ RABID ANTI-TOBACCONI/ C\LD NOT HAVE )/OOD ?AT LOOK4 
,V]Y SOON ,MR4 ,MORRIS WAS PUFF+ VIGOR\SLY AS HE PAC$ BACKW>DS & =W>DS 
OV] ! BO>DS1 & TALK$ 9 J]KY S5T5CES1 /UDI\SLY C>EFUL ?AT 
CONV]SATION DID NOT IMP]IL ! PLEASURE ( ! SMOKE4  

,! ,L,I,V,+ ,W,A,G,E4  

0,:AT DO Y\ ?9K1 ,MR4 ,MORRIS1 AB\T A LIV+ WAGE = WOM580  

0,( C\RSE1 A WOMAN \<T TO BE ADEQUATELY PAID = H] WORK1 ! 
SAME AS A MAN %\LD1 BUT ,I AM B\ND TO SAY ?AT 9 ! PRES5T /ATE ( 
SOCIETY IT IS ALL BUT IMPOSSIBLE = H] TO GET1 EV5 = EQUAL WORK1 ! SAME 
RATE ( WAGES AS IS PAID TO M54 ,Y\ WILL UND]/& ?AT ,I AM SPEAK+ ONLY ( 
! 9DU/RIAL CLASSES4 ,9 ! PRES5T NON-SOCIALI/ /ATE ( ?+S !RE >E 
TWO SCALES ( WAGES = WOM5 EMPLOY$ 9 ! H&ICRAFTS OR MANUFACTURES4 ,ONE 
SCALE IS CONFESS$LY 9ADEQUATE TO !IR LIVELIHOOD1 BECAUSE IT IS ONLY A P>T 
( ?AT E>N$ BY ! :OLE FAMILY4 ,9 MANY MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICTS1 HUSB&1 
WIFE1 & OLD] *ILDR5 >E ALL WAGE-E>N]S1 & EMPLOY]S REG>D !IR UNIT$ 
E>N+S AS BE+ ADEQUATE TO ! DEC5T SUPPORT ( A HOME & FAMILY4 ,?IS 
SY/EM RESULTS 9 WOM5 BE+ UND]PAID40  

0,! O!R SCALE ( PAY TO WOM5 ASSUMES A LIV+ WAGE1 BUT IS1 ,I FE>1 
NE>LY ALWAYS1 C]TA9LY MO/ (T51 BEL[ :AT W\LD BE PAID TO A MALE WORK]4 
,9 FACT1 AS A RULE1 WOM5 W\LD NOT BE EMPLOY$ AT ALL 9 ! 9DU/RIAL TRADES 
IF !IR WAGES W]E NOT L[] ?AN ?OSE ( MALES4 ,?IS MEANS ?AT ! 
NECESSITIES ( WOM5 >E US$ = ! PURPOSE ( R$UC+ ! WAGES ( M51 & 
IT HAS A V]Y S]I\S EFFECT 9 KEEP+ ALL WAGES D[N4 ,I BELIEVE ?IS TO BE 
9EVITABLE UND] A NON-SOCIALI/ SY/EM4 ,! BE/ REM$Y AT PRES5T IS TRADE 
UNIONISM2 LET WOM5 ORGANIZE40  

,A ,R,E,=,M,$ ,S,O,C,I,E,T,Y4  

0,H[ W\LD Y\ BR+ AB\T A BETT] /ATE ( ?+S80  

0,9 A PROP]LY ORGANIZ$ SOCIETY1 VIZ41 UND] A SOCIALI/ 
SY/EM1 OPPORTUNITY W\LD BE GIV5 TO ALL P]SONS = DO+ ! WORK MO/ 
SUITABLE TO !M4 ,! ECONOMICAL POSITION ( WOM5 W\LD BE ! SAME AS ?AT ( 
M52 !Y W\LD TAKE !IR PLACE 9 PRODUCTION ACCORD+ TO !IR CAPACITIES1 
:ATEV] !SE MI<T TURN \T TO BE 9 A /ATE ( ?+S SO MU* IMPROV$ FROM 
\R PRES5T CONDITIONS4 ,:AT WE WANT IS TO GET ?+S ON A S\ND BASIS2 TO HAVE 
! RI<T SORT ( PEOPLE TO DO ! RI<T SORT ( WORK4 ,WE %ALL NOT HE> !N 
AB\T UND]PAID FEMALE LABOR4 ,BUT :5 WOM51 ) !IR MORE N]V\S & LESS 
MUSCUL> /RUCTURE1 COME TO COMPETE 9 ! LABOR M>KET ) M51 IT IS 
9EVITABLE ?AT !Y MU/ TAKE LESS PAY IF !Y >E TO BE EMPLOY$ AT ALL4 ,I DO 
NOT SAY1 M9D Y\1 ?AT WOMAN IS 9F]IOR TO MAN1 BECAUSE %E ISN'T2 BUT %E 
C]TA9LY IS DIFF]5T1 !RE=E H] OCCUPATION1 BROADLY SPEAK+1 %\LD BE 
DIFF]5T40  

0,MAY NOT ! DIFF]5CES BE L>GELY ! RESULT ( HABIT & 
TRA9+1 RA!R ?AN FUNDAM5TAL80  

0,I CANNOT1 ( C\RSE1 SAY :AT /R5G? ( MUSCLE & /R5G? 
( LIMB WOM5 MAY ACQUIRE BY TRA9+1 BUT ,I FAIL TO SEE ?AT ! PHYSIOLOGICAL 
DIFF]5CES BETWE5 ! SEXES CAN EV] BE DONE AWAY )4 ,AT PRES5T IT IS 
WOMAN'S BODILY WEAKNESS :I* *EAP5S H] 9 ! LABOR M>KET4 ,IT IS A 
MI/AKE TO SUPPOSE ?AT ! F9E & DELICATE WORK ( ! H&ICRAFTS CAN BE 
DONE BY WEAK H&S2 MUSCUL> /R5G? IS REQUIR$4 ,LOOK AT MY WEAV]S & 
TAPE/RY MAK]S AT ! ,M]TON ,WORKS -- /RONG1 BURLY FELL[S1 YET !Y CAN 
DEFTLY H&LE ! F9E/ ?READ ( SILK4 ,IT IS /R5G? ?AT MAKES !IR T\* 
SO DELICATE40  

0,& TRA9+ TOO1 ,MR4 ,MORRIS80  

0,WELL1 YES1 /R5G? )\T TRA9+ W\LDN'T BE MU* GOOD1 ,I ADMIT40  

,! ,P,I,T-,B,R,[ ,W,O,M,54 

0,( C\RSE1L %\LD LIKE TO SEE WOM5 LIB]AT$ FROM ALL LEGAL 
DISABILITIES4  ,I DO NOT WI% TO %UT WOM5 \T FROM :ATEV] WORK !Y CAN 
ADEQUATELY P]=M1 :5 COMPET+ UPON EQUAL T]MS ) M51 BUT ,I ?9K IT A 
PITY = WOM5 TO DO MANUAL LABOR = :I* !Y >E MANIFE/LY NOT SUIT$1 
& SO BE DRIV5 TO ACCEPT 9SUFFICI5T WAGES4 ,N[1 ?9K ( ! PIT-BR[ WOM5 
-- Y\ REMEMB] !RE WAS A DEPUTATION ( !M CAME TO PETITION ,P>LIAM5T NOT 
TO =BID !IR WORK4  ,WELL1 ,I AM B\ND TO SAY ?AT ?OSE WOM5 W\LD BE BETT] 
T5D+ !IR HOMES ?AN DO+ ! H>D1 R\< WORK ( ! PIT-BANK40  

,BUT1 ,MR4 ,MORRIS1 MANY ( ?OSE WOM5 HAVE FAMILIES TO SUPPORT -- 
(T5 !Y >E WID[S1 & (T5] /ILL WOM5 ) LAZY & DRUNK5 HUSB&S2 
!Y >E B\ND TO WORK1 OR />VE40  

0,) BAD SOCIAL CONDITIONS ONE CANNOT DOGMATIZE ON ?IS QUE/ION2 BUT 9 ! 
,TYNESIDE COLLI]Y DI/RICT1 :]E ! WOM5 DO NOT WORK ON ! PIT-BANKS1 ! 
HOMES ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE >E BETT] 9 CONSEQU5CE2 ! WIFE & MO!R 
GIVES H] :OLE ATT5TION TO ! HOME & ! *ILDR54 ,A SPL5DID SET ( WOM5 
!Y >E1 TOO1 & SO >E ! M54 ,I FEEL V]Y /RONGLY ?AT A WORK+ MAN'S 
WIFE IS NE$$ 9 H] HOME1 & IT IS A PITY :5 %E HAS TO LEAVE IT TO 
COMPETE 9 ! LABOR M>KET4 ,AT HOME %E IS DO+ ! WORK TO :I* %E IS 
BE/ SUIT$1 & IS E>N+ H] MA9T5ANCE IF %E P]=MS H] DUTIES 
PROP]LY4 ,:5 M>RI$ WOM5 >E ALSO 9DU/RIAL WORK]S1 !Y1 ! WEAK] 
SEX1 HAVE ! D\BLE BURD5 UPON !IR %\LD]S ( T5D+ ! HOME & 
HELP+ TO E>N A LIV+ TOO4 ,?IS IS GREATLY TO BE DEPLOR$4 ,\R WOM5 
%\LD NOT BE CO>S5$ & CRU%$ D[N BY ?IS UNFAIR /RA92 WE WANT TO 
HAVE !M HEAL?Y & HAPPY1 ?AT !Y MAY BE ! MO!RS ( BEAUTIFUL & 
9TELLIG5T *ILDR54 ,WOM5 SUFF] T]RIBLY UND] ! PRES5T SOCIAL SY/EM40  

,! ,>,T ,( ,H,\,S,E,K,E,E,P,+4  

0,DO Y\ ?9K1 ,MR4 ,MORRIS1 ?AT WOM5 >E ONLY FITT$ TO BE 
H\SEKEEP]S80  

0,BY NO MEANS2 WOM5'S TAL5TS V>Y1 ! SAME AS ?OSE ( M54 ,!RE >E MANY 
?+S :I* WOM5 CAN DO EQUALLY AS WELL AS M51 & SOME A GREAT DEAL BETT]4 
,I ?9K ?AT PEOPLE \<T TO DO :AT !Y CLE>LY APPE> TO HAVE ! ABILITY 
= DO+4 ,I AM SURE ,I DON'T KN[ :Y WOM5 %\LD WANT TO BE LAWY]S2 !RE'S 
TOO MANY ( ?AT CRAFT ALREADY4 ,! M$ICAL PR(ESSION SEEMS TO BE SUIT$ TO 
WOM5 & ,I AM SURE WOM5 MAKE EXCELL5T M5 ( BUS9ESS -- A LITTLE /+Y1 
?\<4 ,!Y HAVE A DECID$ FACULTY = MANAG+ & ORGANIZ+4 ,LOOK AT ,FR5* 
WOM52 :AT AN IMPORTANT P>T !Y TAKE 9 BUS9ESS AFFAIRS4 ,YES1 !RE'S NO 
D\BT WOM5 HAVE A BORN FACULTY = BUS9ESS4  ,!Y CAN HOLD !IR [N1 TOO1 9 
! 9TELLECTUAL FIELD1 BUT !Y DO NOT EXCEL 9 ! >TS OR 9 9V5TIVE 
P[]4 ,Y\ HAV5'T GOT A FEMALE ,H&EL1 Y\ KN[1 NOR A FIR/-RANK WOMAN 
PA9T]40  

0,:AT AB\T ,MISS ,?OMPSON & ,ROSA ,BONHEUR80 

0,NOT UP TO ! HI<-LEVEL M>K4 ,I CONSID]10 CONT9U$ ,MR4 ,MORRIS1 0?AT A 
WOMAN'S SPECIAL WORK -- H\SEKEEP+ -- IS ONE ( ! MO/ DIFFICULT & IMPORTANT 
BRAN*ES ( /UDY4 ,PEOPLE LIFT !IR EYEBR[S OV] WOM5 MA/]+ ! HI<] 
MA!MATICS2 :Y1 IT IS 9F9ITELY MORE DIFFICULT TO LE>N ! DETAILS ( GOOD 
H\SEKEEP+4 ,ANYBODY CAN LE>N MA!MATICS1 BUT IT TAKES A LOT ( SKILL TO 
MANAGE A H\SE WELL4 ,DON'T LET ! MOD]N WOMAN NEGLECT OR DESPISE 
H\SEKEEP+40  

0,! ADVANC$ WOMAN DOES NOT DESPISE H\SEKEEP+1 ,MR4 ,MORRIS2 
%E ONLY BR+S BRA9 TO IT40  

0,GOOD 2 LET H] BR+ BRA9 BY ALL MEANS1 & LET H] *]I% ! >T AS H] 
[N SPECIAL DOMA94 ,M5 WILL NEV] DO ANY GOOD AT IT4 ,Y\ REMEMB] ! /ORY ( 
',H[ ! ,MAN ,M9D$ ! ,H\SE'8 ,! RESULT ( ! M9D+ WAS ?AT1 AFT] 
V>I\S TRIBULATIONS1 ! MAN & ! FAMILY C[ BALANC$ EA* O!R AT ! 5D 
( A ROPE1 ! MAN HANG+ HALF WAY UP ! *IMNEY1 ! C[ DANGL+ FROM ! 
RO(4 ,H>D ON ! C[1 WASN'T IT8 ,AH1 WELL1 ,I HOPE ! TIME MAY SOON COME :5 
!RE %ALL BE NO QUE/ION ( RIVALRY BETWE5 ! SEXES1 & :5 ,HOOD'S SONG 
( ! %IRT %ALL BE A TRAG$Y ALMO/ 9CONCEIVABLE TO ! M9DS ( WOM540  

,A ,%,O,R,T ,C,A,T,E,*,I,S,M4  

0,Y\ >E 9 FAVOR ( GIV+ ! SUFFRAGE TO WOM51 ,I SUPPOSE1 
,MR4 ,MORRIS80  

0,YES1 BUT NOT ON ! PROP]TY QUALIFICATION4 ,I GO 9 = ADULT SUFFRAGE1 TO 
9CLUDE BO? M5 & WOM540  

0,%\LD WOM5 VOTE =1 & S]VE UPON ALL LOCAL GOV]N+ BODIES80  

0,IT IS MO/ DESIRABLE ?AT !Y %\LD40  

0,\<T NOT UNIV]SITY HONORS TO BE GIV5 TO WOM5 :O -- LIKE ,MISS 
,FAWCETT1 = EXAMPLEI1 HAVE E>N$ !M80  

0,?AT IS BUT COMMON FAIRNESS40  

0,:AT DO Y\ ?9K ( ! TWO MORAL CODES N[ 9 VOGUE -- ONE = 
MAN1 ANO!R = WOMAN80 

0,!RE CAN ONLY BE ONE MORAL LAW1 ! SAME = BO? SEXES2 ,I GO 9 = FAIR 
PLAY ALL R\ND40  

0,Y\ ?9K WOM5 %\LD SPEAK 9 PUBLIC80  

0,IF A WOMAN HAS ! GIFT = PUBLIC SPEAK+1 LET H] HOLD =? BY ALL MEANS4 
,A WOMAN'S TONGUE IS REPORT$ TO BE LONG2 BUT ,I CONSID] ?AT M5 >E ! WOR/ 
GOSSIPS -- 9F9ITELY WORSE ?AN WOM540  

,BY ?IS TIME1 ,MR4 ,MORRIS LOOK$ AS IF HE WOND]$ :E!R ,I HAD TAK5 LEAVE ( 
MY S5SES ?AT ,I %\LD QUE/ION HIM UPON SU* PO9TS ( COMMON-S5SE JU/ICE2 
& BE+ ASSUR$ ?AT HE WAS P]FECTLY 0S\ND 9 ! FAI?10 ,I BADE HIM GOOD 
MORN+4 

,S,>,A ,A4 ,T,O,O,L,E,Y4 

       ,TITLE 
     
     

      ,AN ,9T]VIEW ) ,MR4 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 
     
     
 ,PUBLICATION ,HI/ORY  
     
 ,! ,WOMAN'S ,SIGNAL1 ,?URSDAY #a#i? ,APRIL #ahid 
                ,9T]VIEWS ) ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 7,I,I71 9 ,! ,J\RNAL ( ! ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS ,SOCIETY1 ,ISSUE #a1 ,SPR+ #aiid  
  
       ,NOTES3   
     
  

,S>A ,TOOLEY C>RI$ \T A SECOND %ORT 9T]VIEW ) ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS1 REPORT$ 9 ',9T]VIEW+ AS ,WOMAN'S ,WORK'1 9 ,! ,Y\NG ,WOMAN1 ,SEPTEMB] #a#h#i#g4 
     
 ,S\RCE 
     
  

,! ,WOMAN'S ,SIGNAL 
  
     
 ,TRANSCRIPTION & ,H,T,M,L 
     
  

 ,GRAHAM ,SEAMAN1 ,JUNE #b#b4  
  

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #b#h1 #bba 3 ,9T]VIEW ) ! ,WOMAN'S ,SIGNAL -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,9T]VIEW ) ! ,WOMAN'S ,SIGNAL -- ,UPDAT$4 

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