,P>T #g1 ,*APT] #i 
,AN>*ISM & ,COPYRI<T 

#aihaih 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,B5JAM9 ,R4 ,TUCK] 

,TEXT 3 

,AN>*ISM & ,COPYRI<T 

,EXC]PT$ FROM ! BOOK2  

 ,9DIVIDUAL ,LIB]TY3 ,SELECTIONS ,FROM ! ,WRIT+S ( ,B5JAM9 ,R4 ,TUCK]  

 ,VANGU>D ,PRESS1 ,NEW ,YORK1 #aibf  

 ,KRAUS ,REPR9T ,CO41 ,MILLWOOD1 ,N,Y1 #a#i#g#c4 

 ,NOT ALONE ON ! L& QUE/ION DID ,MR4 ,TUCK] F9D HIMSELF 9 DISAGREEM5T ) ,H5RY ,GEORGE4 ,9 HIS NEWSPAP]1 ! ,/&>D ( ,JUNE #b#c1 #a#h#h#h1 ! LATT] DISCUSS$ ) A CORRESPOND5T ! QUE/ION ( PROP]TY 9 IDEAS4 ,! $ITOR ( ,LIB]TY ?US TOOK EXCEPTION TO HIS >GUM5TS3  

,MR4 ,GEORGE1 TAK+ HIS /& UPON ! PR9CIPLE ?AT PRODUCTIVE LABOR IS ! TRUE BASIS ( ! RI<T ( PROP]TY1 >GUES ?R\< ?REE COLUMNS1 ) ALL ! CONSUMMATE ABILITY = :I* CR$IT %\LD BE GIV5 HIM1 TO ! TRIUMPHANT V9DICATION ( ! POSITION ?AT !RE CAN RI<TFULLY BE NO SU* ?+ AS ! EXCLUSIVE [N]%IP ( AN IDEA4 

,NO MAN1 HE SAYS1 0CAN JU/LY CLAIM [N]%IP 9 NATURAL LAWS1 NOR 9 ANY ( ! RELATIONS :I* MAY BE P]CEIV$ BY ! HUMAN M9D1 NOR 9 ANY ( ! POT5TIALITIES :I* NATURE HOLDS = IT444,[N]%IP COMES FROM PRODUCTION4 ,IT CANNOT COME FROM DISCOV]Y4 ,DISCOV]Y CAN GIVE NO RI<T ( [N]%IP444,NO MAN CAN DISCOV] ANY?+ :I*1 SO TO SPEAK1 WAS NOT PUT !RE TO BE DISCOV]$1 & :I* SOME ONE ELSE MI<T NOT 9 TIME HAVE DISCOV]$4 ,IF HE F9DS IT1 IT WAS NOT LO/4 ,IT1 OR ITS POT5TIALITY1 EXI/$ BE=E HE CAME4 ,IT WAS !RE TO BE F\ND444,9 ! PRODUCTION ( ANY MAT]IAL ?+ - A MA*9E1 = 9/ANCE !RE >E TWO SEP>ABLE P>TS1 - ! AB/RACT IDEA ( PR9CIPLE1 :I* MAY BE USUALLY EXPRESS$ BY DRAW+1 BY WRIT+1 OR BY WORD ( M\?2 & ! CONCRETE =M ( ! P>TICUL> MA*9E ITSELF1 :I* IS PRODUC$ BY BR++ TOGE!R 9 C]TA9 RELATIONS C]TA9 QUANTITIES & QUALITIES ( MATT]1 SU* AS WOOD1 /EEL1 BRASS1 BRICK1 RUBB]1 CLO?1 ETC4 ,!RE >E TWO MODES 9 :I* LABOR GOES TO ! MAK+ ( ! MA*9E1 - ! ONE 9 ASC]TA9+ ! PR9CIPLE ON :I* SU* MA*9ES CAN BE MADE TO WORK2 ! O!R 9 OBTA9+ FROM !IR NATURAL RES]VOIRS & BR++ TOGE!R & FA%ION+ 9TO %APE ! QUANTITIES & QUALITIES ( MATT] :I* 9 !IR COMB9ATION CON/ITUTE ! CONCRETE MA*9E4 ,9 ! FIR/ MODE LABOR IS EXP5D$ 9 DISCOV]Y4 ,9 ! SECOND MODE IT IS EXP5D$ 9 PRODUCTION4 ,! WORK ( DISCOV]Y MAY BE DONE ONCE = ALL1 AS 9 ! CASE ( ! DISCOV]Y 9 PREHI/ORIC TIME ( ! PR9CIPLE OR IDEA ( ! :EELB>R[4 ,BUT ! WORK ( PRODUCTION IS REQUIR$ AFRE% 9 ! CASE ( EA* P>TICUL> ?+4 ,NO MATT] H[ MANY ?\S& MILLIONS ( :EELB>R[S HAVE BE5 PRODUC$1 IT REQUIRES FRE% LABOR ( PRODUCTION TO MAKE ANO!R ONE444,! NATURAL REW>D ( LABOR EXP5D$ 9 DISCOV]Y IS 9 ! USE ?AT CAN BE MADE ( ! DISCOV]Y )\T 9T]F]5CE ) ! RI<T ( ANY ONE ELSE TO USE IT4 ,BUT TO ?IS NATURAL REW>D \R PAT5T LAWS 5DEAVOR TO ADD AN >TIFICIAL REW>D4 ,AL?\< ! EFFECT ( GIV+ TO ! DISCOV]]S ( USEFUL DEVICES OR PROCESSES AN ABSOLUTE RI<T TO !IR EXCLUSIVE USE W\LD BE TO BURD5 ALL 9DU/RY ) MO/ GRIEV\S MONOPOLIES1 & TO GREATLY RET>D1 IF NOT PUT A /OP TO1 FUR!R 9V5TIONS1 YET ! !ORY ( \R PAT5T LAWS IS ?AT WE CAN /IMULATE DISCOV]IES BY GIV+ A MODIFI$ RI<T ( [N]%IP 9 !IR USE = A T]M ( YE>S4 ,9 ?IS WE SEEK BY SPECIAL LAWS TO GIVE A SPECIAL REW>D TO LABOR EXP5D$ 9 DISCOV]Y1 :I* DOES NOT BELONG TO IT ( NATURAL RI<T1 & IS ( ! NATURE ( A B\NTY4 ,BUT AS = LABOR EXP5D$ 9 ! SECOND ( !SE MODES1 - 9 ! PRODUCTION ( ! MA*9E BY ! BR++ TOGE!R 9 C]TA9 RELATIONS ( C]TA9 QUANTITIES & QUALITIES ( MATT]1 - WE NE$ NO SPECIAL LAWS TO REW>D ?AT4 ,ABSOLUTE [N]%IP ATTA*ES TO ! RESULTS ( SU* LABOR1 NOT BY SPECIAL LAW1 BUT BY COMMON LAW4 ,& IF ALL HUMAN LAWS W]E ABOLI%$1 M5 W\LD /ILL HOLD ?AT1 :E!R IT W]E A :EELB>R[ OR A PHONOGRAPH1 ! CONCRETE ?+ BELONG$ TO ! MAN :O PRODUC$ IT4 ,& ?IS1 NOT = A T]M ( YE>S1 BUT 9 P]PETUITY4 ,IT W\LD PASS AT HIS DEA? TO HIS HEIRS OR TO ?OSE TO :OM HE DEVIS$ IT40 

,! :OLE ( ! PREC$+ P>AGRAPH IS QUOT$ FROM ,MR4 ,GEORGE'S >TICLE4 ,I REG>D IT AS CONCLUSIVE1 UNANSW]ABLE4 ,IT PROCE$S1 IT WILL BE NOTIC$1 5TIRELY BY ! ME?OD ( ]GO4 ,BUT IT IS TIME = ! PHILOSOPH] TO DISAPPE>4 ,HE HAS DONE HIS P>T ( ! WORK1 :I* WAS ! DEMOLITION ( PAT5TS4 ,N[ IT IS ! PRE/IDIGITATOR'S TURN4 ,IT REMA9S = HIM TO JU/IFY COPYRI<T1 - ?AT IS1 PROP]TY1 NOT 9 ! IDEAS SET =? 9 A BOOK1 BUT 9 ! MANN] ( EXPRESS+ !M4 ,SO JUGGL] ,GEORGE /EPS UPON ! SC5E4  
,PRE/O6 HE EXCLAIMS3 0,OV] & ABOVE ANY 'LABOR ( DISCOV]Y' EXP5D$ 9 ?9K+ \T :AT TO SAY1 IS ! 'LABOR ( PRODUCTION' EXP5D$ ON  
H[ TO SAY IT40 ,OBS]VE H[ CUNN+LY IT IS TAK5 = GRANT$ H]E ?AT ! TASK ( GIV+ LIT]>Y EXPRESSION TO AN IDEA IS LABOR ( PRODUCTION RA!R ?AN LABOR ( DISCOV]Y4 ,BUT IS IT SO8 ,RI<T H]E COMES 9 ! JUGGL]'S TRICK2 WE WILL SUBJECT IT TO ! PHILOSOPH]'S TE/4 ,! LATT] HAS ALREADY BE5 QUOT$3 0,! WORK ( DISCOV]Y MAY BE DONE ONCE = ALL444BUT ! WORK ( PRODUCTION IS REQUIR$ AFRE% 9 ! CASE ( EA* P>TICUL> ?+40 ,CAN ANY?+ BE PLA9] ?AN ?AT HE :O DOES ! WORK ( COMB9+ WORDS = ! EXPRESSION ( AN IDEA SAVES JU/ ?AT AM\NT ( LABOR TO ALL :O !REAFT] *OOSE TO USE ! SAME WORDS 9 ! SAME ORD] TO EXPRESS ! SAME IDEA1 & ?AT ?IS WORK1 NOT BE+ REQUIR$ AFRE% 9 EA* P>TICUL> CASE1 IS NOT WORK ( PRODUCTION1 & ?AT1 NOT BE+ WORK ( PRODUCTION1 IT GIVES NO RI<T ( PROP]TY8 ,9 QUOT+ ,MR4 ,GEORGE ABOVE ,I DID NOT HAVE TO EXP5D ANY LABOR ON 0H[ TO SAY0 :AT HE HAD ALREADY SAID4 ,HE HAD SAV$ ME ?AT TR\BLE4 ,I SIMPLY HAD TO WRITE & PR9T ! WORDS ON FRE% %EETS ( PAP]4 ,!SE %EETS ( PAP] BELONG TO ME1 JU/ AS ! %EETS ON :I* HE WROTE & PR9T$ BELONG TO HIM4 ,BUT ! P>TICUL> COMB9ATION ( WORDS BELONGS TO NEI!R ( US4 ,HE DISCOV]$ IT1 IT IS TRUE1 BUT ?AT FACT GIVES HIM NO RI<T TO IT4 ,:Y NOT8 ,BECAUSE1 TO USE HIS [N PHRASES1 ?IS COMB9ATION ( WORDS 0EXI/$ POT5TIALLY BE=E HE CAME02 0IT WAS !RE TO BE F\ND02 & IF HE HAD NOT F\ND IT1 SOME ONE ELSE W\LD OR MI<T HAVE DONE SO4 ,! WORK ( COPY+ OR PR9T+ BOOKS IS ANALOG\S TO ! PRODUCTION ( :EELB>R[S1 BUT ! ORIG9AL WORK ( ! AU?OR1 :E!R 9 ?9K+ OR COMPOS+1 IS ANALOG\S TO ! 9V5TION ( ! :EELB>R[2 & ! SAME >GUM5T ?AT DEMOLI%ES ! RI<T ( ! 9V5TOR DEMOLI%ES ! RI<T ( ! AU?OR4 ,! ME?OD ( EXPRESS+ AN IDEA IS ITSELF AN IDEA1 & !RE=E NOT APPROPRIABLE4 

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