,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #i ,& ,MY ,FRI5DS ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,NGO ,VAN ,XUYET ,TRANSLATOR 3 ,K5 ,KNABB ,TRANSLATOR 3 ,HEL5E ,FLEURY ,TEXT 3 ,*APT] #i3 ,& ,MY ,FRI5DS8 ,FRI5DS >E LIKE CL\DS1 ,LIFE SCATT]S US ,BUT ONLY DEA? CAN SEP>ATE US4 ,:AT HAPP5$ TO MY FRI5DS1 MY CLOSE/ COMRADES8 ,UND]GR\ND /RUGGLE CREAT$ A /RONG BOND BETWE5 US1 BUT ! CL&E/9E NATURE ( ?IS /RUGGLE MEANT ?AT WE (T5 REMA9$ UNAW>E ( SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS ( EA* O!R'S LIVES4 ,DESPITE ?IS1 ,I WANT TO DO MY BE/ TO RECORD :AT ,I CAN ( !SE OBSCURE FIGURES4 ,I'M SORRY !RE >E SO MANY GAPS 9 MY ACC\NT4 ,V,A,N ,V,A,N ,K,Y1 ! TYPOGRAPH] :O /OLE ! TYPE ?AT MADE \R UND]GR\ND PR9T%OP POSSIBLE1 WAS ! Y\NGE/ DEF5DANT AT \R TRIAL .4 ,AS HE LAY DY+ ( TUB]CULOSIS1 HE SADLY CONFID$ TO A FRI5D1 0,I ?\RICADE40 ,V,O ,V,A,N ,D,O,N1 A COOLIE :O WORK$ ) ME AT ,DESC\RS @& ,CABAUD1 HAD ! C\RAGE TO KEEP SIL5T UND] TORTURE1 REVEAL+ NO?+ AB\T \R 0FRAT]NAL ASSOCIATION40 ,ALL HE W\LD ADMIT TO WAS HAV+ P$DL$ NEWSPAP]S & HAV+ ONE NI BANK ( ! ,SAIGON ,RIV]4 ,HE DI$ ( TUB]CULOSIS4 ,I WAS DEEPLY MOV$ TO LE>N FROM HIS SI/] H[ DESP]ATELY 9 HIS LA/ MOM5TS HE HAD WANT$ TO SEE ME AT HIS SIDE AGA91 AS 9 ! DAYS ( \R /RUGGLES4 ,V,A,N ,V,A,N ,B,A1 A WORK] & ,LEAGUE MEMB] :O HAD BE5 >RE/$ ALONG ) US1 DI$ 9 ,JANU>Y #aici ( TYPHOID FEV]4 ,MORE ?AN TWO HUNDR$ WORK] & COOLIE FRI5DS ACCOMPANI$ HIM TO HIS F9AL RE/+ PLACE4 ,T,R,9,H ,V,A,N ,L,A,U WAS ONE ( ! F\ND]S ( ! ,LEAGUE4 ,HE WAS CONDEMN$ TO EI1 WAS CAPTUR$ BY ! ,FR5*1 & DI$ ON BO>D ONE ( ! PRISON B>GES :]E ! PEASANTS :O HAD TAK5 P>T 9 ! ,NOVEMB] #aid UPRIS+ W]E HELD4 ,N,G,O ,*,9,H ,P,H,5 HAD ALSO BE5 S5T5C$ TO PRISON AT ! TRIAL ( ,LEAGUE MEMB]S4 ,HE WAS A MEMB] ( ! 0,9T]NATIONALI/ ,WORK]S0 GR\P AT ,GIA ,D9H :O 9 ,SEPTEMB] #aici CAMPAIGN$ AGA9/ ! RECRUITM5T ( ,VIETNAMESE 9TO ! >MY & DI/RIBUT$ LEAFLETS TO ! 9FANTRYM5 ( ,?U ,DAU ,MOT3 0,DON'T %OOT Y\R COMRADE WORK]S 9 ! 5EMY >MY -- TURN Y\R GUNS ON ! IMP]IALI/S 9 \R [N C\NTRY60 ,CAPTUR$ 9 ! UND]GR\ND RESI/ANCE MOVEM5T AT ,RA* ,GIA1 HE WAS IMPRISON$ 9 ! M\NTA9 CONC5TRATION CAMP 9 ,BA ,RA1 !N DEPORT$ TO ,MADAGASC> FROM #aida TO #a#i#d#f4 ,A FEW YE>S AGO HE S5T ME A MESSAGE ( FRI5D%IP FROM ,H\/ON1 ,TEXAS1 ASK+ ME TO TRANSMIT HIS 0FRAT]NAL GREET+S TO COMRADES40 ,JU/ BE=E HE DI$1 9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#i#f1 /ILL HAUNT$ BY ! ASSASS9ATIONS ( ,TROTSKYI/S HALF A C5TURY E>LI]1 HE TOLD HIS *ILDR53 0,I CAN /ILL SEE ! ,DE ,TAM 7,/AL9I/S7 SURR\ND+ US 444 ,CAC BUM1 CAC BUM60 7,S\ND ( TRIGG]1 !N %OT1 TRIGG]1 !N %OT47 ,P,H,A,M ,V,A,N ,M,U,O,I WAS /ILL A HI<-S*OOL /UD5T AT ! TIME ( \R TRIAL4 ,I LO/ CONTACT ) HIM AFT] ?AT4 ,DID HE SURVIVE8 ,T,R,A,N ,?,I ,M,U,O,I WAS BORN 9TO A FAMILY ( SMALL PROP]TY [N]S 9 ,MY ,?O 9 #a#i#a#d4 ,H] FAMILY [N$ A SMALL E/ATE4 ,H] FA!R WAS A SUPPORT] ( ! REBEL PR9CE ,CUONG ,DE1 H] ELD] BRO!R A ,COMMUNI/ :O HAD BE5 TRA9$ 9 ,MOSC[4 ,%E BECAME ! P>TN] ( ,ANH ,GIA 7,DAO ,HUNG ,LONG7 & JO9$ ! ,TROTSKYI/ ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION4 ,>RE/$ 9 ,OCTOB] #aicb & PUT ?R\< ! ,SU]TE TORTURE *AMB]S1 %E SP5T SIX MON?S 9 PRISON4 ,9 #aice %E HELP$ ME CIRCULATE ,LEAGUE LEAFLETS & PAP]S AMONG ,/AL9I/ CONTACTS 9 ! C\NTRYSIDE4 ,H] SI/] ,T,R,A,N ,?,I ,*,91 BORN 9 #a#i#a#b1 WAS >RE/$ 9 ,OCTOB] #aibi DUR+ ! ,RUE ,B>BI] AFFAIR4 ,9 #a#i#c#a1 ALONG ) H] P>TN] ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,DAI1 %E JO9$ ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE 7,LI5 ,M9H ,CONG ,SAN ,DOAN71 ! FIR/ 9T]NAL OPPOSITION GR\P 9 ! ,9DO*9ESE ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,%E DI$ AT ,CA ,MAU 9 #a#i#c#b4 ,V,O ,?,I ,B,A,N,G1 ALIAS ,N,G,U,Y,5 ,?,I ,M,Y 7#a#i#a#e-#a#i#c#d71 WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,TROTSKYI/ GR\P 0,9DO*9ESE ,COMMUNISM0 7,DONG ,DUONG ,CONG ,SAN74 ,>RE/$ 9 ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#b1 %E WAS S5T5C$ ON ,MAY #a1 #a#i#c#c1 TO F\R MON?S 9 PRISON4 ,%E DI$ LESS ?AN A YE> LAT] AS ! RESULT ( ! TORTURES %E SUFF]$ AT ! ,SU]TE4 ,N,G,U,Y,5 ,H,U,E ,M,9,H1 BORN 9 ,B9H ,DAI 7,B5 ,TRE7 9 #a#i#a#b1 WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE1 !N WAS ACTIVE 9 ! 0,OCTOB]0 GR\P.<#f.> 7,LEFT ,OPPOSITION74 ,>RE/$ 9 ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#b1 %E WAS S5T5C$ TO ?REE MON?S 9 PRISON 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#c4 ,%E BECAME ! P>TN] ( ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG4 ,%E WAS ! Y\NG] SI/] ( ,NGUY5 ,TRUNG ,NGUYET1 ! 0H]O9E0 ( ! ,RUE ,B>BI] AFFAIR4 ,V,O ,?,I ,V,A,N1 BORN 9 #a#i#a#c1 WAS ORIG9ALLY FROM ,B5 ,TRE4 ,%E WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,9DO*9ESE ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY & WAS CONDEMN$ TO EITN] ( ,LU ,SANH ,HANH1 ONE ( ! ORGANIZ]S ( ! ,LEAGUE ( ,9T]NATIONALI/ ,COMMUNI/S1 %E P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! ,9DO*9ESE ,CONGRESS MOVEM5T 9 #aicf & ALSO 9 ! ACTION COMMITTEE BAS$ 9 ! ,*O ,QUAN & ,*O ,DUI NEIY AT ! ,SAIGON ,>S5AL1 BUT WAS FIR$ DUR+ ! #a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#g /RIKES4 ,V]Y ACTIVE 9 ! UND]GR\ND UNIONS1 HE WAS S5T5C$ TO TWO YE>S 9 PRISON 9 ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c#g4 ,I SAW HIM = ! LA/ TIME 9 #aide DUR+ ! ,SAIGON 9SURRECTION4 ,:AT BECAME ( HIM8 ,T,A ,K,H,A,C ,T,R,I,E,M WAS BORN 9 #aiab AT ,SON ,TAY 7,TONK974 ,FROM #aibg ON HE LIV$ 9 ,CO*9*9A1 :]E HE WAS AN ACC\NTANT AT ! ,*>NI] ,DEP>TM5T ,/ORE 9 ,SAIGON1 !N A CL]K AT ! ,>S5AL UNTIL HE WAS FIR$ DUR+ ! #a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#g /RIKES4 ,! ,G5]AL ,WORK]S ,F$]ATION1 SECRETLY ORGANIZ$ BY ! ILLEGAL ,TROTSKYI/S1 HELD A MEET+ ON ,MAY #b#i1 #a#i#c#g1 9 ! NOR!RN SUBURBS ( ,SAIGON4 ,WORK] DELEGATES FROM #dd COMPANIES W]E DISCUSS+ :AT /ATUTES TO 9/ITUTE = ?IS ORGANIZATION :5 ,SU]TE AG5TS BUR/ 9 & >RE/$ #fb ( !M1 9CLUD+ ,TA ,KHAC ,TRIEM4 ,AFT] HIS RELEASE HE RETURN$ TO HIS ACTIVE ROLE 9 ! ORGANIZATION ( /RIKES4 ,DUR+ ! /RIKE AT ! ,TRANS-,9DO*9A ,RAILWAY ,COMPANY HE HELP$ TO SET UP FRAT]NAL GR\PS 9 ,QUANG ,NGAI 7,ANNAM7 & ,TONK94 ,HE WAS >RE/$ 9 ,SEPTEMB] #aicg & CONDEMN$ TO A YE> 9 PRISON BECAUSE HE WAS1 ACCORD+ TO A ,SU]TE DOSSI]1 0! ,TROTSKYI/ R+LEAD] :O PLAY$ AN IMPORTANT P>T 9 ! G5]AL /RIKE ON ! RAILWAYS40 ,V,O ,B,U,U ,B,9,H1 BORN 9 #aia AT ,SADEC1 BELONG$ TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION4 ,HE WAS >RE/$ 9 ,AUGU/ #aicb & SP5T ?REE MON?S 9 PRISON4 ,HE WAS AMONG ?OSE >RE/$ AT ! MEET+ ( WORK] DELEGATES ON ,MAY #b#i1 #a#i#c#g4 ,IT WAS HIS P>TN] :O G5]\SLY (F]$ ME A PLACE TO LIVE :5 ,I CAME \T ( PRISON 9 ,JUNE #a#i#c#g4 ,I REMEMB] ?AT HE TOLD MY SON ,DO1 :O WAS V]Y IMPRESS$3 0,Y\R FA!R IS A ROGUE :O W\LD SELL ! ,HEAV5S )\T CONSULT+ ! ,GOD ( ,?UND]60 7,BAN ,TROI KHONG MOI ,?I5 LOI1 AS ! POPUL> SAY+ GOES74 ,! 0BIOGRAPHIES0 ?AT FOLL[1 LAM5TABLY 9COMPLETE ?\< !Y >E1 9CLUDE SOME ( MY CLOSE/ COMRADES 7,NGUY5 ,VAN ,L9H1 ,LU ,SANH ,HANH1 ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,NAM1 ,ANH ,GIA74 ,SOME ( ! O!RS ,I KNEW LESS WELL1 HAV+ JU/ CROSS$ PA?S ) !M 9 PRISON OR ELSE:]E1 BUT !Y ALL MEANT A GREAT DEAL TO ME & MY COMPANIONS4 ,SOCIETY TODAY OV]FL[S ) 9JU/ICE1 ,HEAV51 H[ CAN WE MAKE Y\ HE> \R CRIES8 ,?OSE :O BUILD ! MIE CLO!D 9 RAGS4 ,! $UCAT$ EXPLOIT ! IGNORANT1 ,FOOLS RE9=CE ! GANGS ( OPPRESSORS4 ,:5 PEOPLE BECOME CONSCI\S ( !IR MIS=TUNE ,! MYRIAD DISA/]S WILL BE OV]COME4 -- ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM ,P,H,A,N ,V,A,N ,H,U,M 7#a#i#b-#a#i#d#e7 WAS BORN ON ,APRIL #i1 #a#i#b1 9 ,AN ,?ANH 7,?U ,DAU ,MOT7 9 ,CO*9*9A4 ,HIS FA!R WAS AN $UCAT$ ,BUDDHI/ & A SMALL L&[N]4 ,9 #aibd ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM WAS ADMITT$ TO ! ,ECOLE DES ,TRAVAUX ,PUBLICS .<,S*OOL ( ,CIVIL ,5G9E]+.> 9 ,HANOI & !N WORK$ AS A TE*NICIAN 9 ,HUE4 ,APPALL$ BY ! MIS]Y & 9JU/ICE HE SAW ALL >\ND HIM1 HE F\ND COM=T FROM VISITS TO ! VET]AN NATIONALI/ & ANTICOLONIAL CAMPAIGN] ,PHAN ,BOI ,*AU1.<#f#a.> :O WAS LIV+ UND] H\SE >RE/ 9 ,HUE4 ,HE PROVID$ AS MU* HELP AS HE C\LD TO ALLEVIATE ! OLD] MAN'S DE/ITUTION4 ,!N1 AS A RESULT ( %ELT]+ SOME /UD5TS :O HAD BE5 EXPELL$ FROM !IR BO>D+ S*OOL = TAK+ P>T 9 A /RIKE1 HE LO/ HIS JOB4 ,HE LEFT = ,SAIGON1 :]E HE BECAME A FRI5D ( ,NGUY5 ,AN ,N9H4 ,!Y W5T ALL OV] ! C\NTRYSIDE TOGE!R1 SPREAD+ IDEAS ( LIB]ATION AMONG ! PEASANTS4 ,HE WAS >RE/$ 9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#b#h1 & ON HIS RELEASE FROM PRISON WROTE A D5UNCIATION ( ! PRISON SY/EM3 ,NGOI ,TU ,KHAM ,LON 7,9 ! ,C5TRAL ,PRISON74 ,! TEXT WAS S]IALIZ$ 9 ! PAP] ,?AN ,*UNG1 >\S+ MANY Y\NG] READ]S4 ,9 ,SEPTEMB] #aibi ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM LEFT = ,FRANCE1 :]E HE JO9$ ! ACTION COMMITTEE ( ,9DO*9ESE EMIGRES 9 ,T\L\SE4 ,ON ,MAY #b#b1 #a#i#c1 HE TOOK P>T 9 ! DEMON/RATION \TSIDE ! ,ELYSEE ,PALACE 9 ,P>IS AGA9/ ! DEA? P5ALTIES H&$ D[N TO ! ,Y5 ,BAI 9SURG5TS4 ,HE MANAG$ TO EVADE ! POLICE1 FLEE+ ! C\NTRY ALONG ) ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG4 ,!Y TOOK REFUGE 9 ,BRUSSELS1 :]E !Y PRODUC$ A DUPLICAT$ BROAD%EET ,TI5 ,QUAN 7,VANGU>D71 :I* >GU$ AGA9/ SECT>IAN AU?ORIT>IANISM & W>N$ ( ! DANG] ( BELIEV+1 AS SOME DID1 ?AT Y\ C\LD BECOME AN EXP]T ON ,M>X JU/ BY SP5D+ A FEW MON?S 9 ,MOSC[4 ,ONE NIIS BY ,PI]RE ,NAVILLE & ,RAYMOND ,MOL9I]4 ,SOON AFT] ?AT1 TOGE!R ) O!R EMIGRES1 !Y =M$ AN ,9DO*9ESE ,GR\P )9 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE4 ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM GOT A JOB AS A TEA*] 9 ,T\L\SE1 BUT WAS FIR$ = PRODUC+ SUBV]SIVE PROPAG&A4 ,HE RETURN$ TO ,SAIGON 9 ,JULY #a#i#c#c1 :]E HE ONCE AGA9 MET ,TA ,?U ,?AU & ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG4 ,HE TAUT 9 ! ,LA ,LUTTE UNIT$ FRONT :ILE CONT9U+ HIS /UDIES ( PHILOSOPHY4 ,:5 ,LA ,LUTTE SPLIT 9 #a#i#c#g1 HE /AY$ ) ,TA ,?U ,?AU & WROTE = ,TRANH ,DAU 7,/RUGGLE71 :I* HAD BECOME AN ORGAN ( ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,9 #a#i#c#i1 ALONG ) ! ,TROTSKYI/S ,TA ,?U ,?AU & ,TRAN ,VAN ,?A*1 HE DECID$ TO RUN = ELECTION TO ! ,COLONIAL ,C\NCIL 7REPRES5T+ ! DI/RICT ( ,SAIGON-,*OLON1 ,TAN ,AN & ,MY ,?O71 RUNN+ AGA9/ ! ,CON/ITUTIONALI/S & AGA9/ ! ,/AL9I/S' 0,DEMOCRATIC ,FRONT0 SLATE3 ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,TAO1 ,NGUY5 ,AN ,N9H & ,DUONG ,BA* ,MAI4 ,! ,TROTSKYI/S PROCLAIM$ ! NECESSITY ( A 0WORK]S' & PEASANTS' FRONT0 AGA9/ W>1 & FOCUS$ !IR PROPAG&A AGA9/ A RISE 9 TAXES & ! IMPOSITION ( AN >MS TAX1 & AGA9/ =C$ CONSCRIPTION 9TO ! SUPPLEM5T>Y 9FANTRY -- ALL ( :I* W]E SUPPORT$ BY ! ,/AL9I/S' 0,DEMOCRATIC ,FRONT40 ,LA ,LUTTE PUBLI%$ ! GR\P'S ELECTORAL PLAT=M :ILE AT ! SAME TIME ATTACK+ ! ,CON/ITUTIONALI/S = BE+ 09DIFF]5T TO ! EXPLOITATION ( ?OSE :O >E HUNGRY & ?IR/Y0 & REM9D+ ITS READ]S ?AT ! ,/AL9I/S HAD BE5 RESPONSIBLE = DEFEATS ( ! PROLET>IAT 9 ,G]MANY 9 #aibc & #a#i#c#c1 9 ,E/ONIA 9 #a#i#b#d1 9 ,*9A 9 #a#i#b#e-#a#i#b#g1 & 9 ,SPA9 9 #a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#i4 ,IT D5\NC$ ! 9FAM\S ,MOSC[ ,TRIALS & LO/ NO OPPORTUNITY TO %[ H[ & :Y ! 0DEF5SE ( ,9DO*9A )9 ! FRAMEWORK ( ,FR5* IMP]IALISM & NATIONAL UNITY0 W\LD TURN ! EXPLOIT$ ,9DO*9ESE 9TO TOOLS & VICTIMS ( ,RUSSIAN DIPLOMACY4 ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM1 ,TA ,?U ,?AU & ,TRAN ,VAN ,?A* W]E ELECT$ DESPITE !IR MEET+S HAV+ BE5 BANN$1 :ILE ! ,/AL9I/ 0,DEMOCRATIC ,FRONT0 C&IDATES W]E ALL DEFEAT$4 ,! DISCONT5T$ ELECTORATE HAD SE5 ! LATT] AS 0PRO-GOV]NM5T10 I4E4 AS P>T ( ! /ATUS QUO4 ,ELECT$ TO ! ,COLONIAL ,C\NCIL ON ,APRIL #c1 #a#i#c#i1 ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM WAS >RE/$ ON ,JUNE #b#h4 ,HE WAS S5T5C$ ON ,OCTOB] #ac TO FIVE YE>S' H>D LABOR & T5 YE>S' RE/RICT$ RESID5CE = HAV+ CAMPAIGN$ AGA9/ W> LOANS & W> TAXES4 ,AFT] HIS YE>S 9 ! P5AL COLONIES1 :]E HE CONTRACT$ B]IB]I & WAS PHYSICALLY DEBILITAT$1 9 #aidd HE REJO9$ ! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P4 ,ON ,SEPTEMB] #a1 #a#i#d#e1 ! 5L>G$ ,VIETM9H 7,/AL9I/7 GOV]NM5T CYNICALLY (F]$ HIM A TEMPOR>Y PO/ 7HE HAD BE5 A POPUL> FIGURE EV] S9CE ! #aibi PUBLICATION ( HIS BOOK ,9 ! ,C5TRAL ,PRISON74 ,HE REFUS$ TO TAKE P>T 9 :AT HE CONSID]$ A S9I/]1 PSEUDODEMOCRATIC %AM4 ,MEAN:ILE1 ! NEWS >RIV$ ?AT ! ,VIETM9H HAD >RE/$ ,TA ,?U ,?AU4 ,AFT] ! ,OCTOB] #aide MASSACRE ( ! ,TROTSKYI/S AT ! ,?I ,NRE/$4 ,!Y W]E %OT1 ALONG ) SOME ?IRTY O!R PRISON]S4 ,AMONG ! LATT] W]E ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,TI51 ! =M] MANAG+ $ITOR ( ,LA ,LUTTE :O HAD JU/ BE5 RELEAS$ FROM ,P\LO ,CONDORE1 & ,NGON1 A WORK] AT ! ,>S5AL4 ,LAT] 9 ! SAME MON? 7,OCTOB] #a#i#d#e7 IT WAS ! TURN ( ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM TO BE >RE/$ 9 ,BI5 ,HOA BY ,DUONG ,BA* ,MAI'S SECRET POLICE4 ,ONE ( HIS CO-DETA9EES1 :O WAS LAT] FRE$1 WAS ! TEA*] ,TRUONG ,M9H ,HAI4 ,HE TOLD ,TRAN ,NGUON ,PHIEU 7!N ALSO 9 ! ,BI5 ,HOA RESI/ANCE1 N[ A DOCTOR 9 ,TEXAS7 AB\T ! FOLL[+ EX*ANGE1 :I* HE HE>D ONE EV5+ BETWE5 ,DUONG ,BA* ,MAI & ! IMPRISON$ ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM4 ,!Y KNEW EA* O!R WELL1 S9CE !Y HAD BE5 COMRADES 9 ! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P 9 ! #a#i#cS & HAD BE5 DEPORT$ TO ,P\LO ,CONDORE TOGE!R 9 #a#i#d4 ,DUONG ,BA* ,MAI SAID TO ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM3 0,AT ,P\LO ,CONDORE Y\ PUT Y\RSELF BETWE5 ! W>D]S' BL[S & ! O!R PRISON]S1 TO DEF5D !M4 ,BUT N[1 WE'RE 9 ! MIDDLE ( A REVOLUTION 4440 0,IF Y\ WANT TO KILL ME10 REPLI$ ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM1 0DO IT H]E4 ,:AT'S ! PO9T ( TAK+ ME SOME:]E ELSE80 ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM WAS MURD]$ ALONG ) O!R ,ANNAMITE PRISON]S 9 ,SONG ,LONG ,SON1 ON ! ,TRANS-,9DO*9A ,RAILWAY L9E BETWE5 ,PHAN ,?IET & ,T\R ,*AM1 #bcb KILOMET]S FROM ,BI5 ,HOA4 ,!IR BODIES W]E ?R[N 9TO ! RIV]4 7,TRUONG ,M9H ,HAI WAS ALSO KILL$ SOON AFT]W>DS47 ,PUBLICATIONS BY ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM3 ,NGOI ,TU ,KHAM ,LON 7,9 ! ,C5TRAL ,PRISON71 ,SAIGON1 #a#i#b#i4 ,DUONG ,L9H 7PSEUD471 ,MAY ,DUONG ,TO 7,A ,FEW ,POEMS74 ,SA ,DA ,DU ,TU 7,J\RNAL ( A ,W&]]3 ,IMPRESSIONS ( ,LIFE & ,TRAVEL 9 ,FRANCE71 PUBLI%$ 9 ,?AN ,*UNG4 ,BI5 ,*UNG ,PHAP ,PHO ,?ONG 7,DIALECTICS ,MADE ,EASY71 ,SAIGON1 #a#i#c#f4 ,NGUY5 ,PHI ,HOANH 7PSEUD471 ,TOL/OY1 ,SAIGON1 #a#i#c#i4 ,PHAT ,GIAO ,TRIET ,HOC 7,BUDDHI/ ,PHILOSOPHY71 ,HANOI1 #a#i#d#b4 ,VUONG ,DUONG ,M9H1 ,?AN ,! ,VA ,HOC ,?UYET 7,! ,LIFE & ,TEA*+ ( ,WANG ,YANGM+71 ,HANOI1 #a#i#d#d4 ,T,A ,?,U ,?,A,U 7#a#i#f-#a#i#d#e7 WAS BORN 9 ,TAN ,B9H 7,LONG ,XUY57 9 ,CO*9*9A 9TO A FAMILY ( POOR >TISANS & WAS OBLIG$ TO WORK FROM AN E>LY AGE4 ,HE WON A GRANT TO ATT5D HI< S*OOL 9 ,SAIGON1 :]E HE JO9$ ! ,JEUNE ,ANNAM GR\P1 :O W]E 0PLOTT+0 TO DRIVE ! ,FR5* \T ( ,9DO*9A4 ,HE CAME UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( ,NGUY5 ,AN ,N9H1 :O HAD BE5 ATTACK+ ! COLONIAL REGIME 9 HIS J\RNAL ,LA ,CLO*E ,FELEE S9CE #a#i#b#c1 & :O HAD ALSO BE5 EXHORT+ Y\NG PEOPLE TO 0LEAVE ! HOMES ( Y\R FA!RS0 -- ONLY !N1 HE SAID1 C\LD !Y HOPE TO %AKE (F ! 0SUFFOCAT+ IGNORANCE0 9 :I* !Y W]E TRAPP$ BY OBSCURANTISM4 70,\R OPPRESSION COMES FROM ,FRANCE1 BUT SO DOES ! SPIRIT ( LIB]ATION407 ,TA ,?U ,?AU SET SAIL = ,FRANCE4 ,AT ! AGE ( #b#a1 HE WAS /UDY+ AT ! ,FACULTY ( ,SCI5CE 9 ,P>IS4 ,AT FIR/ HE WAS ACTIVE 9 ! ,ANNAMITE ,9DEP5D5CE ,P>TY1 ASSUM+ ! LEAD]%IP :5 ITS F\ND]1 ,NGUY5 ,! ,TRUY51 RETURN$ TO ,VIETNAM 9 E>LY #a#i#b#h4 ,TOGE!R ) TWO O!R /UD5TS1 ,HUYNH ,VAN ,PHUONG & ,PHAN ,VAN ,*ANH1 ,TA ,?U ,?AU PUBLI%$ ,LA ,RESURRECTION1 0,J\RNAL ( ,REVOLUTION>Y ,ANNAMITE ,Y\?10 :I* WAS SEIZ$ BY ! POLICE :5 ITS ?IRD NUMB] APPE>$4 ,9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#b#i1 9 ! WAKE ( A FI & ,ANNAMITES :O SUPPORT$ ! ,ANNAMITE ,9DEP5D5CE ,P>TY1 HE ATTACK$ ! ,FR5* ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY = NOT SUPPORT+ ! ,ANNAMITES :O HAD BE5 >RE/$1 & TOOK IT TO TASK = ! BAD FAI? ( ! REPORT 9 ITS NEWSPAP] ,L',HUMANITE4 ,HE ALSO CRITICIZ$ ! 0SAL>I$ ,ANNAMITES ( ! ,COLONIAL ,COMMISSION ( ! ,FR5* ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY0 :O W]E 9FILTRAT+ ! RANKS ( ! ,ANNAMITE ,9DEP5D5CE ,P>TY 9 ORD] TO TURN ! LATT]'S MEMB]S 9TO 0PUPPETS C>RY+ \T ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY'S DICTATES40 ,ONE ( HIS LEAFLETS 5D$ ) ?IS DESP]ATE APPEAL3 0,9 \R NAMELESS S]VITUDE1 WE CALL \T TO ! OPPRESS$ ( ! COLONIES3 ,UNITE AGA9/ ,EUROPEAN IMP]IALISM -- AGA9/ ,R$ IMP]IALISM AS WELL AS ,:ITE -- IF Y\ WANT A SECURE PLACE UND] ! SUN40 ,! ,SE9E ,TRIBUNAL DISSOLV$ ! ,ANNAMITE ,9DEP5D5CE ,P>TY 9 ,M>* #a#i#b#i4 ,9 ,JULY 9 ,FRANKFURT1 ,TA ,?U ,?AU TOOK P>T 9 ! ,SECOND ,CONGRESS ( ! ,ANTI-,IMP]IALI/ ,LEAGUE4 ,9 ,P>IS1 HE & HIS FRI5DS MADE CONTACT ) DISSID5TS 9 ! ,FR5* ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY -- ,ALFR$ ,ROSM] 7,LEFT ,OPPOSITION71 ,DANIEL ,GU]91 ,MAURICE ,PAZ'S ,CONTRE LE ,C\RANT .<,AGA9/ ! ,CURR5T.> GR\P -- & MOV$ AWAY FROM A %ORTSIX & ! HI/ORY ( ,RUSSIA DUR+ ! TWELVE YE>S S9CE ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION1 & SOON >RIV$ AT A GLOBAL VISION ( REVOLUTION & A CRITICAL COMMUNISM ?AT WAS 9/9CTIVELY 9T]NATIONALI/4 ,AFT] ! BLOODY DEFEAT ( ! #aic 9SURRECTION AT ,Y5 ,BAI1 HE EXPRESS$ HIS VIEWS ON ! ,9DO*9ESE REVOLUTION 9 ! ,APRIL1 ,MAY & ,JUNE ISSUES ( ,LA ,V]ITE .<,! ,TRU?.>4 ,CRITICIZ+ ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 HE DECL>$ ?AT ! *OICE = HIM WAS NO LONG] BETWE5 SLAV]Y OR 9DEP5D5CE1 BUT BETWE5 NATIONALISM OR SOCIALISM4 0,IMP]IALISM CAN BE OV]?R[N ONLY BY ! ORGANIZ$ ACTION ( A HOMOG5E\S MASS ?AT IS A SOCIAL 5EMY ( IMP]IALISM4 ,9DEP5D5CE IS 9SEP>ABLE FROM PROLET>IAN SOCIALI/ REVOLUTION40 ,HE WAS >RE/$ ON ,MAY #b#b1 #a#i#c1 DUR+ ! ,ANNAMITE /UD5TS' DEMON/RATION 9 FRONT ( ! ,ELYSEE ,PALACE AGA9/ ! DEA? S5T5CES IMPOS$ AFT] ! ,Y5 ,BAI UPRIS+1 & ON ,MAY #c HE WAS DEPORT$ FROM ,FRANCE ALONG ) EIRIV$ 9 ,SAIGON ON ,JUNE #b#d1 !Y W]E GREET$ BY ,/AL9I/ LEAFLETS D5\NC+ !M AS C\NT]REVOLUTION>IES4 ,AT ! 5D ( #a#i#c#a1 ,TA ,?U ,?AU COOP]AT$ ) ! UND]GR\ND GR\P ,TA ,DOI ,LAP 7,COMMUNI/ ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION7 9 ,SAIGON1 !N ORGANIZ$ ! ,9DO*9ESE ,COMMUNISM GR\P 7,DONG ,DUONG ,CONG ,SAN71 :I* WAS BROK5 UP 9 ,AUGU/ #aicb :5 HE & #fe O!R ,TROTSKYI/S & SYMPA?IZ]S W]E >RE/$4 ,RELEAS$ ON BAIL ! FOLL[+ ,JANU>Y1 ,?AU JO9$ ! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P & COLLABORAT$ ) ! ,/AL9I/S 9 LEGAL /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! COLONIAL REGIME4 ,HE WAS ACTIVE 9 ! ELECTION CAMPAIGN = ! FIR/ ,WORK]S' ,SLATE 9 ,SAIGON4 ,9 #aicd HE WROTE ,TROIS MOIS A LA ,SU]TE RUE ,CAT9AT .<,?REE ,MON?S AT ! ,SU]TE ON ,RUE ,CAT9AT.>1 BAS$ ON HIS EXP]I5CES ( 9T]ROGATION BE=E HIS TRIAL & D5\NC+ ! SY/EMATIC TORTURE ( ?OSE *>G$ ) POLITICAL CRIMES4 ,HE WAS FREQU5TLY IMPRISON$ DUR+ ! /RIKES ( #a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#g UND] ! ,POPUL> ,FRONT GOV]NM5T4 ,:5 MAJOR /RIKES BROKE \T 9 ,9DO*9A 9 #a#i#c#f1 HE REL5TLESSLY ATTACK$ ! ,POPUL> ,FRONT 9 ,LA ,LUTTE = BETRAY+ ITS PROMISES ( RE=MS 9 ! COLONIES4 ,! ,/AL9I/S DI/ANC$ !MSELVES FROM HIM 9 AN OP5 LETT] ( ,DECEMB] #a#g1 #a#i#c#f4 ,! ,APRIL #aicg ,SAIGON ,CITY ,C\NCIL ELECTION BR\TY1 BROKE ! UNIT$ FRONT ) ,LA ,LUTTE BY BR++ \T ! NEWSPAP] ,L',AVANT-G>DE1 9 :I* !Y CALL$ ! ,TROTSKYI/S 0TW9 BRO!RS ( FASCISM40 7,TA ,?U ,?AU & ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,TAO W]E BO? 9 PRISON AT ?AT TIME1 & W]E ONLY TEMPOR>ILY RELEAS$ ON ,JUNE #g47 ,IMPRISON$ YET AGA9 LAT] 9 #a#i#c#g1 ,TA ,?U ,?AU WAS NOT FRE$ UNTIL ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#c#i4 ,9 ,APRIL #aici HE WAS ELECT$ TO ! ,COLONIAL ,C\NCIL ON ! PLAT=M ( ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL1 S]I\SLY AL>M+ ! GOV]NM5T4 ,ON ,MAY #b1 ,GOV]NOR ,BREVIE S5T A CABLE TO ,COLONIAL ,M9I/] ,M&EL D5\NC+ 0! ,TROTSKYI/S UND] ! LEAD]%IP ( ,TA ,?U ,?AU10 :O 0WANT TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( A POSSIBLE W> 9 ORD] TO W9 TOTAL LIB]ATION40 ,9 ! SAME CABLE HE EXPRESS$ HIS APPRECIATION ( ! ,VIETNAMESE ,/AL9I/S1 :O 0>E FOLL[+ ! POSITION ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 9 ,FRANCE0 & 0:O WILL ?US BE LOYAL IF W> BREAKS \T40 ,9 ,AUGU/ #aici ,TA ,?U ,?AU LEFT ! C\NTRY4 ,>RE/$ 9 ,S+APORE 9 ,OCTOB] & BR\S' =C$ LABOR AT ,P\LO ,CONDORE4 ,AFT] ?IS H>% PUNI%M5T1 HE WAS CONF9$ TO ! T[N ( ,LONG ,XUY5 9 HIS NATIVE PROV9CE4 ,:ILE !RE HE WROTE TO ,PHUONG ,LAN1 A WOMAN HE HAD KN[N 9 HIS ADOLESC5CE3 0,H]E ,I AM 9 ! PLACE :]E A QU>T] ( A C5TURY AGO ,I LIV$ )\T A C>E 9 ! WORLD4 ,TW5TY-F\R YE>S HAVE PASS$ & ! Y\NG BOY RETURNS ) HIS W+S CLIPP$4 ,:ILE ,I WAS ON ,P\LO ,CONDORE ,I LE>N$ SOME POEMS BY HE>T1 9CLUD+ ! :OLE ( ! ,KIM ,VAN ,KIEU4 ,I WANT TO R]EAD IT N[ TO BE SURE ,I HAVE FULLY GRASP$ ITS MEAN+40 7,KIM ,VAN ,KIEU IS A LONG & QUITE UNCONV5TIONAL EI 9 ,VIETNAM47 ,DUR+ #aide ,TA ,?U ,?AU ANALYZ$ & CRITICIZ$ ! POSITION ( ! ,VIETM9H4 ,!IR POLICY ( C\NT+ ON ! SUPPORT ( =EIGN P[]S TO GA9 9DEP5D5CE SEEM$ DUBI\S TO HIM1 & 9 ANY CASE IT LACK$ A P]SPECTIVE ( LIB]ATION = ! WORK]S & PEASANTS4 ,HE WANT$ TO REBUILD A WORK]S' P>TY ?AT W\LD FE>LESSLY CONFRONT ! NATIONALI/ & ,/AL9I/ CURR5TS4 ,?AT WAS :AT HE & O!R ,LA ,LUTTE VET]ANS 5VISION$ :5 !Y MET TOGE!R AGA9 9 ,SAIGON AFT] ,M>* #i1 #a#i#d#e4 ,AT ! 5D ( ,APRIL1 HE SECRETLY TRAVEL$ TO ! ,NOR?4 ,TONK9 & NOR!RN ,ANNAM W]E 9 ! GRIP ( FAM9E1 & HE MANAG$ TO GET AN APPEAL = AID PUBLI%$ 9 ! ,MAY #ad $ITION ( ! DAILY PAP] ,SAIGON3 0,! SCALE ( ! DISA/] IS SU* ?AT ,I FEEL JU/IFI$ 9 5TREAT+ MY BRO!RS 9 ,CO*9*9A TO EAT ONLY :AT Y\ NE$ TO /AY ALIVE & TO S5D H]E EV]Y?+ Y\ POSSIBLY CAN1 IMM$IATELY40.<#f#b.> ,9 ! ,NOR? HE HAD ! GOOD =TUNE TO 5C\NT] A FRAT]NAL GR\P ?AT PUBLI%$ ! ,TROTSKYI/ BULLET9 ,*I5 ,DAU 7,COMBAT74 ,HE MET ,LUONG ,DUC ,?IEP & MANY Y\NG PEOPLE :O HAD AB&ON$ !IR /UDIES & D$ICAT$ !MSELVES TO >\S+ ! POLITICAL AW>5ESS ( ! POORE/ CLASSES4 ,TA ,?U ,?AU TOOK P>T ) !M 9 CL&E/9E MEET+S ( M9E WORK]S & 9 SECRET GA!R+S ( PEASANTS4 ,MANY ( HIS COMRADES W]E UNEASY AB\T ! SME>S BE+ SPREAD AB\T !M BY ! ,VIETM9H1 :I* ACCUS$ !M ( BE+ 0ANTIWORK] ELEM5TS10 BUT HE HAD A SEEM+LY UN%AKABLE CONFID5CE 9 ! WORK]S' ABILITY TO SEE ?R\< SU* LIES4 ,ON ,AUGU/ #a1 #aide 7JU/ AFT] ! DROPP+ ( ATOM BOMBS ON ,HIRO%IMA & ,NAGASAKI71 ,HO ,*I ,M9H CALL$ = A G5]AL UPRIS+4 ,TA ,?U ,?AU J\RNEY$ S\? ONCE MORE4 ,9 ,HUE1 TO ESCAPE SURVEILLANCE BY ! ,/AL9I/S1 HE SEP>AT$ FROM HIS Y\NG COMPANION ,DO ,BA ,!4 ,9 ,QUANG ,NGAI HE FELL 9TO ! H&S ( ! ,VIETM9H4 ,ON ,SEPTEMB] #g ! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P LE>N$ ( HIS >RE/ & SPREAD ! NEWS1 :I* >\S$ /RONG EMOTION AMONG ! COMMON PEOPLE ( ,SAIGON4 ,! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P 9T]C$$ ) ,TRAN ,VAN ,GIAU1 :O RESPOND$ ON ,SEPTEMB] #i ) A COMMUNIQUE3 0,! >RE/ ( ,TA ,?U ,?AU 9 ,QUANG ,NGAI IS NO CONC]N ( ! ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE4 ,! ,PEOPLE'S ,COMMITTEE HAS ! P[] & ! RI LAT]1 9 ,P>IS1 ,HO ,*I ,M9H1 :5 QUE/ION$ BY ,DANIEL ,GU]9 AB\T ! DEA? ( ,TA ,?U ,?AU1 DECL>$3 0,ANYONE :O DOES NOT FOLL[ ! L9E DET]M9$ BY ME WILL BE SMA%$40 ,9 ADDITION TO HIS >TICLES 9 ,LA ,LUTTE & ,?REE ,MON?S AT ! ,SU]TE ON ,RUE ,CAT9AT1 ,TA ,?U ,?AU LEFT A ,VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION ( ,POLITZ]'S ,ELEM5T>Y ,PR9CIPLES ( ,PHILOSOPHY & ! PAMPHLET ,TU ,DE ,NHUT ,D5 ,DE ,TU ,QUOC ,TE 7,FROM ! ,FIR/ TO ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL74 ,N,G,U,Y,5 ,V,A,N ,S,O 7#a#i#e-#a#i#d#e7 WAS BORN 9TO A POOR FAMILY 9 ,*OLON4 ,A F]V5T DISCIPLE ( ,NGUY5 ,AN ,N9H1 HE WAS EXPELL$ FROM ! ,ECOLE ,NORMALE 9 ,SAIGON 9 #aibf = POLITICAL AGITATION4 ,HE BECAME A MESS-H& ON A %IPP+ L9E1 SP5T SOME TIME 9 ,M>SEILLES1 !N RETURN$ TO ,SAIGON 9 #a#i#b#h1 :]E HE WORK$ 9 A PR9T%OP & TAURE/$ 9 ,JULY #aicg = 0ILLEGAL ASSOCIATION0 7MEMB]%IP 9 A LABOR UNION ORGANIZ+ COMMITTEE71 HE WAS 9C>C]AT$ 9 ! ,C5TRAL ,PRISON1 :]E HE W5T ON HUNG] /RIKE4 ,HE WAS ACQUITT$ ON ,SEPTEMB] #i1 #a#i#c#g4 ,GRAVELY ILL ) TUB]CULOSIS1 HE WAS RE>RE/$ & ON ,NOVEMB] #a S5T5C$ TO A YE> 9 PRISON FOLL[$ BY T5 YE>S' RE/RICT$ RESID5CE = 0SUBV]SIVE ACTIVITIES40 ,HE WAS >RE/$ YET AGA9 9 ,SEPTEMB] #aici & DEPORT$ TO ,P\LO ,CONDORE4 ,AN ACTIVE MEMB] ( ! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P 9 #a#i#d#e1 HE WAS AMONG ?OSE %OT BY ! ,VIETM9H 9 ,?U ,DAU ,MOT 9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#d#e4 ,P,H,A,N ,V,A,N ,*,A,N,H 7#a#i#f-#a#i#d#e7 CAME ORIG9ALLY FROM A PROSP]\S FAMILY 9 ,B9H ,TRUOC 7,BI5 ,HOA71 :]E HIS FA!R WAS A GOV]NM5T SECRET>Y4 ,HE GRADUAT$ FROM ,*ASSEL\P-,LAUBAT ,HI< ,S*OOL & LEFT = ,FRANCE ON ,SEPTEMB] #b#e1 #a#i#b#e1 TO REGI/] AT ! ,FACULTY ( ,M$IC9E 9 ,P>IS4 ,HE COLLABORAT$ ON ,TRAN ,VAN ,?A*'S ,J\RNAL DES ,ETUDIANTS ,ANNAMITES & BECAME AN ACTIVE MEMB] ( ! ,ANNAMITE ,9DEP5D5CE ,P>TY ) ,TA ,?U ,?AU4 ,HE & ,TA ,?U ,?AU JO9$ ! 7,TROTSKYI/7 ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION 9 #a#i#c4 ,HE WAS ONE ( ! N9ETE5 /UD5TS DEPORT$ FROM ,FRANCE ON ,MAY #c1 #a#i#c1 AFT] ! DEMON/RATION AGA9/ ! ,Y5 ,BAI DEA? S5T5CES4 ,9 ,SAIGON1 HE TAUTICIPAT$ 9 ! =MATION ( ! UND]GR\ND ,COMMUNI/ ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION4 ,9 #aicb HE & ,HUYNH ,VAN ,PHUONG DI/RIBUT$ RADICAL LIT]ATURE TO WORK]S1 9CLUD+ TRANSLATIONS ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O & ( ,5GELS'S ,SOCIALISM3 ,UTOPIAN & ,SCI5TIFIC4 ,HE WAS >RE/$1 & ON ,MAY #a1 #a#i#c#c1 WAS GIV5 A F\R-YE> SUSP5D$ S5T5CE4 ,HE WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P & SUPPORT$ ,TA ,?U ,?AU AFT] ! BREAK ) ! ,/AL9I/S 9 ,JUNE #a#i#c#g4 ,A ,LA ,LUTTE C&IDATE 9 ! ,COLONIAL ,C\NCIL ELECTION ( ,APRIL #a#i#c#i1 HE WAS >RE/$ ON ,JULY #a#c1 #a#i#c#i1 & S5T5C$ ON ,M>* #a#f1 #a#i#d1 TO ?REE YE>S AT ,P\LO ,CONDORE1 FIVE YE>S ( RE/RICT$ RESID5CE & T5 YE>S' LOSS ( CIVIL RIIS4 ,ON ,M>* #a#e1 #a#i#b#g1 HE LAUN*$ ! ,J\RNAL DES ,ETUDIANTS ,ANNAMITES .<,ANNAMITE ,/UD5TS' ,NEWSPAP].>4 ,9 ! ,DECEMB] #a#e1 #a#i#b#g1 ISSUE ( ?IS PAP] HE PUBLI%$ A /ORY 5TITL$ 0,UN ,REVE ,S+ULI]0 .<,A ,/RANGE ,DREAM.>1 A VISION>Y ACC\NT ( ,SAIGON 9 #a#i#e#e1 ON ! EVE ( 9DEP5D5CE1 DIVID$ BETWE5 A B\RGEOIS P>TY & ITS OPPON5T1 A WORK]S' P>TY4 0,! BE/ ACTION PROGRAM WE C\LD POSSIBLY ADOPT W\LD BE ONE ?AT BR\ACT] 9 ?IS /ORY4 ,9 ANO!R PIECE1 PUBLI%$ 9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#b#h1 ,TRAN ,VAN ,?A* CRITICIZ$ ! CONS]VATIVE NATIONALI/S4 ,! SAME YE>1 9 ! ,BULLET9 DE LA ,LIGUE CONTRE L'OPPRESSION COLONIALE ET L'IMP]IALISME .<,BULLET9 ( ! ,ANTI-,IMP]IALI/ ,LEAGUE.> HE D5\NC$ 0! HO/ILE 9T5TIONS ( ?OSE :O GOV]N US1 :OSE UNDECL>$ AIM IS TO MOLD US 9 SU* A WAY ?AT WE WILL ALWAYS CONT9UE TO OBEY !M40 ,TRAN ,VAN ,?A* MET ,TA ,?U ,?AU 9 ! ,ANNAMITE ,9DEP5D5CE ,P>TY4 ,HE TOOK P>T 9 A PROTE/ MEET+ AGA9/ ! >RE/ ( ,NGUY5 ,AN ,N9H ON ,SEPTEMB] #b#h1 #a#i#b#h1 & 9 A ,MANIFE/O ( ,ANNAMITE ,/UD5TS ISSU$ ON ,DECEMB] #b DECL>$ ?AT ! AIM ( /UDY+ ABROAD %\LD BE TO LIB]ATE ONE'S C\NTRY4 ,9 ! ,JANU>Y #aibi ISSUE ( ! ,J\RNAL DES ,ETUDIANTS ,ANNAMITES HE /RESS$ ! IMPORTANCE ( UNITY BETWE5 9TELLECTUALS & WORK]S4 ,9 ,MAY HE BECAME PRESID5T ( ! ,9DO*9ESE ,MUTUAL ,AID ,ASSOCIATION 9 ,P>IS1 ON :OSE BEHALF HE CONVEY$ PROTE/S TO ! ,COLONIAL ,M9I/] AGA9/ ! DEPORTATION ( 0UNDESIRABLE0 ,ANNAMITES4 ,HE RETURN$ TO ,SAIGON 9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#c4 ,! C\NTRY WAS SOON TO BE PR(\NDLY %AK5 BY ! ,Y5 ,BAI 9SURRECTION & BY ! P[]FUL PEASANT MOVEM5T1 :I* W]E FOLL[$ BY ! BLOODY REPRESSION ( #a#i#c-#a#i#c#a4 ,:ILE E>N+ HIS LIV+ TEA*+ ,FR5* 9 PRIVATE S*OOLS1 HE P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! F\ND+ ( ! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P4 ,TOGE!R ) O!RS :O HAD VISIT$ ,FRANCE & :O W]E N[ GA!R$ >\ND ,NGUY5 ,AN ,N9H1 HE LEGALLY *ALL5G$ ! COLONIAL REGIME 9 ! ,SAIGON ,CITY ,C\NCIL ELECTIONS ( ,APRIL-,MAY #a#i#c#c4 ,HE WAS ELECT$1 AS WAS ! ,/AL9I/ ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,TAO1 BUT ! VOTE WAS SOON ANNULL$4 ,9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#c#d1 ,TRAN ,VAN ,?A* WAS AMONG ?OSE :O RE-=M$ ! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P1 :I* HAD BE5 DISB&$ AFT] ! ELECTIONS4 ,9 #aice HE WAS ELECT$ ONCE AGA9 TO ! ,SAIGON ,CITY ,C\NCIL1 ALONG ) ,TA ,?U ,?AU1 ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,TAO & ,DUONG ,BA* ,MAI4 ,HE CONTRIBUT$ AN IRREV]5T SATIRICAL COLUMN 9 ,LA ,LUTTE CALL$ 0,PETITS ,CL\S0 .<,LITTLE ,NAILS.>4 ,HE WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,LA ,LUTTE ACTION COMMITTEE 9 ! ,9DO*9ESE ,CONGRESS MOVEM5T4 ,! FIR/ ,MOSC[ ,TRIAL CAUS$ HIM TO DI/ANCE HIMSELF DEF9ITIVELY FROM ! ,/AL9I/S1 & FROM !N ON HE SUPPORT$ ! ,TROTSKYI/S4 ,ON ,FEBRU>Y #b1 #a#i#c#g1 ,TRAN ,VAN ,?A*'S ELECTION TO ! ,SAIGON ,CITY ,C\NCIL WAS 9VALIDAT$4 ,A FEW MON?S LAT] HE CAUS$ QUITE A /IR ) A REPORT 9 ,LA ,LUTTE 7,JUNE #bg & ,JULY #a1 #a#i#c#g7 AB\T ! SC&AL\S PLUND]+ ( ! PEASANTS ( ,RA* ,GIA4 ,HE WAS ALSO 9VOLV$ 9 LABOR UNION ACTIVITY1 = :I* HE WAS IMPRISON$ = TWO MON?S 9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#c#g4 ,9 ,JUNE HE TOOK ! SIDE ( ,TA ,?U ,?AU :5 ! ,/AL9I/S 9 ,LA ,LUTTE BROKE ! UNITY ) ! ,TROTSKYI/S4 ,HE WAS AMONG ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL C&IDATES = ! ,TRANH ,DAU-,LA ,LUTTE GR\P 9 ! ,COLONIAL ,C\NCIL ELECTIONS ( ,APRIL #a#i#c#i1 & WAS ELECT$ ALONG ) ,TA ,?U ,?AU & ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM4 ,! VOTE WAS ANNULL$ 9 ,OCTOB]1 & HE F\ND HIMSELF BEH9D B>S ONCE MORE4 ,ON ,APRIL #a#f1 #a#i#d1 HE WAS S5T5C$ AGA91 ?IS TIME TO F\R YE>S AT ,P\LO ,CONDORE & T5 YE>S' RE/RICT$ RESID5CE4 ,RELEAS$ 9 #a#i#d#d1 HE WAS CONF9$ TO RE/RICT$ RESID5CE 9 ,CAN ,?O4 ,AFT] ! FALL ( ,FR5* COLONIAL RULE ON ,M>* #i1 #a#i#d#e1 HE & O!R ,LA ,LUTTE COMRADES ORGANIZ$ A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,WORK]S ,P>TY4 ,AFT] ! ,JAPANESE SURR5D]1 !Y ALSO REVIV$ ! PUBLICATION ,TRANH ,DAU4 ,ON ,SEPTEMB] #b#c1 #a#i#d#e1 :5 ! PEOPLE ( ,SAIGON ROSE UP AGA9/ ! REOCCUPATION ( ! CITY BY ! ,FR5* 7:O HAD BE5 RE>M$ BY ! ,BRITI%71 ! ,VIETM9H GOV]NM5T ( ,TRAN ,VAN ,GIAU FL$ ! CITY TO ORGANIZE ! RESI/ANCE1 :ILE CONT9U+ TO HUNT D[N ! ,TROTSKYI/S4 ,TRAN ,VAN ,?A* SURVIV$ ! MASSACRE ( ,LA ,LUTTE FIRE/$ BY ,TRAN ,VAN ,GIAU'S SECRET POLICE4 ,TRAN ,VAN ,?A* WAS %OT TO DEA? BY ! ,VIETM9H 9 ,?U ,DAU ,MOT 9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#d#e4 ,N,G,U,Y,5 ,V,A,N ,T,I,5 WAS BORN 9 #aiaf 9 ,SAIGON4 ,HE WORK$ AT ! ,RUBB] ,MANUFACTUR+ ,COMPANY & WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,TROTSKYI/ LABOR UNION GR\P4 ,>RE/$ 9 #a#i#c#g1 HE WAS S5T5C$ TO A YE> 9 PRISON & FIVE YE>S' RE/RICT$ RESID5CE4 ,HE BECAME ! LA/ MANAG+ $ITOR ( ! NEWSPAP] ,LA ,LUTTE4 ,9 #aid HE WAS S5T5C$ ONCE AGA9 & DEPORT$ TO ,P\LO ,CONDORE4 ,ON HIS RETURN FROM P5AL S]VITUDE1 HE FELL 9TO ! H&S ( ! ,VIETM9H1 :O %OT HIM ALONG ) O!R ,LA ,LUTTE MEMB]S 9 ,?U ,DAU ,MOT 9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#d#e4 ,H,O ,H,U,U ,T,U,O,N,G 7#a#i#a-#a#i#h7 WAS BORN 9TO A FAMILY ( SMALL F>M]S4 ,9 #aibf HE WAS EXPELL$ FROM ! ,CAN ,?O HI< S*OOL = POLITICAL AGITATION & LEFT = ,FRANCE1 :]E HE /UDI$ MA!MATICS1 FIR/ AT ! ,UNIV]SITY ( ,M>SEILLES1 !N AT ,LYONS4 ,9 ,MAY #aic HE MET ,TA ,?U ,?AU 9 ,P>IS DUR+ ! ,ANNAMITE DEMON/RATIONS AGA9/ ! DEA? S5T5CES AGA9/ ! ,Y5 ,BAI 9SURG5TS4 ,ESCAP+ >RE/1 HE FL$ ) ,PHAN ,VAN ,HUM TO ,BRUSSELS1 :]E !Y PRODUC$ ! PUBLICATION ,TI5 ,QUAN 7,VANGU>D74 ,!Y RETURN$ TO ,P>IS %ORTLY AFT] ! DEPORTATION ( ,TA ,?U ,?AU1 & GA!R$ >\ND ,PI]RE ,NAVILLE1 ,RAYMOND ,MOL9I] & ,PI]RE ,FRANK TO =M1 ALONG ) ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,L9H1 ,TRAN ,VAN ,SI1 ,LA ,VAN ,ROT1 ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,NHI1 ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,NAM & ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,CU1 ! ,9DO*9ESE ,GR\P ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE 7,OPPOSITION74 ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG RETURN$ TO ,CO*9*9A AT ! BEG9N+ ( #aica & TAU1 HE MET ,DAO ,HUNG ,LONG FROM ! ,LI5 ,M9H ,CONG ,SAN ,DOAN 7,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE74 ,DAO ,HUNG ,LONG HAD BR\TY AFT] ! PEASANT SOVIETS ( ,NT$ A CL&E/9E DUPLICAT$ J\RNAL1 ,?ANG ,MUOI 7,OCTOB]74 ,9 ,NOVEMB]1 ALL ! ,OPPOSITIONI/S UNIT$ 9 ! ,TA ,DOI ,LAP 7,LEFT ,OPPOSITION7 & ADOPT$ ,?ANG ,MUOI AS !IR !ORETICAL ORGAN4 ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG WAS >RE/$ 9 ,SAIGON 9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#b1 & RECEIV$ A ?REE-YE> SUSP5D$ S5T5CE AT ! TRIAL ( ! #ba ,TROTSKYI/S ON ,MAY #a1 #a#i#c#c4 ,HIS P>TN] ,NGUY5 ,HUE ,M9H GOT ?REE MON?S4 ,HE CAMPAIGN$ ) ! FIR/ ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P 9 ! ,SAIGON ,CITY ,C\NCIL ELECTIONS ( ,APRIL #a#i#c#c1 & FROM #aicd TO #aicg WAS CONT9U\SLY 9 T\* ) ! SECOND ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P4 ,HE WAS ACTIVE 9 DEVELOP+ ANTI-,/AL9I/ !ORY4 ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG WAS ! 0SECRET ADVIS]0 ( ! ,LEAGUE ( ,9T]NATIONALI/ ,COMMUNI/S = ! ,CON/RUCTION ( ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL 7=M$ BY ,LU ,SANH ,HANH 9 #a#i#c#e74 ,HE ALSO $IT$ ! SOLE NUMB] ( ! J\RNAL ,CA* ,MANG ,?UONG ,TRUC 7,P]MAN5T ,REVOLUTION71 ! FIR/ PR9T$.<#f#c.> CL&E/9E ,TROTSKYI/ PUBLICATION4 ,9 IT1 HE PR$ICT$ ?AT A P[]FUL WORK]S' MOVEM5T W\LD SWEEP ,FRANCE AFT] ! VICTORY ( ! ,POPUL> ,FRONT1 & ?AT ! WORK]S & POOR PEASANTS ( ,9DO*9A W\LD !N BE CAUISE H]E1 TOO8 7,DESPITE EV]Y?+ ?AT HAD HAPP5$1 HE WAS /ILL ?9K+ 9 T]MS ( 0LEAD]S067 ,HE DID1 H[EV]1 5VISION A 0MASS-BAS$ P>TY10 NOT A P>TY ( PR(ESSIONAL REVOLUTION>IES AS ADVOCAT$ BY ! ,/AL9I/S4 ,SU* A P>TY1 HE SAID1 MU/ >ISE \T ( ! REAL /RUGGLE ( ! PROLET>IAT ( ! CITIES & C\NTRYSIDE & PREP>E A G5]AL /RIKE TOGE!R ) ! ,FR5* PROLET>IAT1 S9CE IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE TO BUILD SOCIALISM )9 NATIONAL B\ND>IES4 ,9 ,SEPTEMB] #aicf HE BR\ ,FRONT GOV]NM5T1 & ! BLOODY F>CE ( ! FIR/ ,MOSC[ ,TRIAL4 ,HE ALSO BR\* #a#i#c#g1 HE REVIV$ ,LE ,MILITANT1 :I* WAS SUPPORT$ BY A GR[+ NUMB] ( SYMPA?IZ]S1 & PUBLI%$ ,TROTSKY'S >TICLE ,:I!R ,FRANCE8 ,! ,DECISIVE ,/AGE &1 MO/ IMPORTANTLY1 ,L59'S ,TE/AM5T1 ) ITS W>N+S AB\T ,/AL94 ,9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#c#h1 TAK+ ADVANTAGE ( ! RELATIVE FRE$OM ?AT ,FR5* ,PRIME ,M9I/] ,DALADI] GRANT$ TO ! NATIVE ,VIETNAMESE-LANGUAGE PRESS1 ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG & ,DAO ,HUNG ,LONG LAUN*$ ! AGITATIONAL BULLET9 ,?AY ,?O 7,WAGE & ,SAL>Y ,WORK]S74 ,!Y ALSO REVIV$ ! !ORETICAL J\RNAL ,?ANG ,MUOI1 ( :I* FIVE NUMB]S APPE>$ UP TO ,M>* #a#i#c#i4 ,9 ?IS J\RNAL1 ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG CRITICIZ$ ! 0F\R YE>S ( MI/AKES 9VOLV+ ! TACTIC ( A UNIT$ FRONT0 BETWE5 ,/AL9I/S & ,TROTSKYI/S4 ,9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#c#i1 HE PR9T$ ! /ATUTES ( ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL & EXPLA9$ H[ ! !ORY ( P]MAN5T REVOLUTION APPLI$ TO ,9DO*9A4 ,LIKE ALL ! O!R OPPON5TS ( ! COLONIAL REGIME1 ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG WAS >RE/$ AT ! />T ( ! W> & S5T TO ,P\LO ,CONDORE4 ,:5 HE WAS RELEAS$ 9 #aidd HE BROKE ) REVOLUTION>Y COMMUNISM1 TO ! GREAT DISMAY ( HIS COMRADES 9 /RUGGLE4 ,HIS SIGNATURE1 ALONG ) ?OSE ( TWO IMPORTANT ,VIETM9H FIGURES1 APPE>S ON A TELEGRAM ( ,AUGU/ #aide S5T TO ,EMP]OR ,BAO ,DAI FROM ! ,PEOPLE'S ,REVOLUTION>Y ,COMMITTEE 9 ,HANOI1 DEM&+ ,BAO ,DAI'S ABDICATION4 ,RETURN+ TO ,CO*9*9A AFT] ! P>TITION ( ! C\NTRY 9 #a#i#e#d1 ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG BECAME ! ADVIS] TO ,BAY ,VI51 LEAD] ( ! ,B9H ,XUY5 PIRATES4 ,9 #aieg ! ,AM]ICAN PUPPET ,NGO ,D9H ,DIEM S5T5C$ HIM TO DEA?1 BUT AFT] ! 9T]CESSION ( ,NEHRU & ,ALB]T ,CAMUS HE WAS 9/EAD DEPORT$ AGA9 TO ,P\LO ,CONDORE4 ,AFT] ! FALL ( ,DIEM1 ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG BECAME A DEPUTY 9 ! F>CICAL 0OPPOSITION0 UND] ! MILIT>Y REGIME ( ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,?IEU4 ,9 #a#i#g#g1 TWO YE>S AFT] ,NOR? ,VIETNAMESE TROOPS HAD CAPTUR$ ,SAIGON1 ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG WAS 9T]N$ 9 A 0RE$UCATION CAMP40 ,HE WAS RELEAS$ 9 #a#i#h1 BUT COLLAPS$ & DI$ ON ! DOOR/EP ( HIS HOME4 ,F\R YE>S LAT] HIS %ORT AUTOBIOGRAPHY1 #da ,NAM ,LAM ,BAO1 ,HOI ,KY 7,MEMORIES ( #da ,YE>S ( ,J\RNALISM71 WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ,P>IS4 ,D,A,O ,H,U,N,G ,L,O,N,G1 ALIAS ,A,N,H ,G,I,A1 CAME FROM A PEASANT FAMILY ( ,LONG ,TRI 7,RA* ,GIA74 ,HE WAS BORN 9 #aie & BECAME A MEMB] ( ! ,?ANH ,NI5 7,REVOLUTION>Y ,Y\? ,LEAGUE7 9 #a#i#b#f4 ,AS P>T ( ! LATT]'S COMMUNI/ W+1 9 #aibi HE BECAME A 0SPECIAL DELEGATE0 ( ! ,9DO*9ESE ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY.<#f#d.> 9 WE/]N ,CO*9*9A4 ,! DEFEAT ( ! PEASANT MOVEM5T 9 #a#i#c-#a#i#c#a -- 9CLUD+ ! SUPPRESSION ( ! SOVIETS 9 ,NTY & HE D5\NC$ ITS LEAD]%IP1 NOT+ ?AT IT WAS COMPOS$ MO/LY ( PETTY-B\RGEOIS 9TELLECTUALS & PEASANTS4 ,AT ! BEG9N+ ( #aica HE ORGANIZ$ ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE GR\P AT ,BAC ,LIEU1 ) A BAN MAO HIEM 7DEA?-DEFY+7 COMMITTEE RESPONSIBLE = OBTA9+ MONEY TO F9ANCE ITS PROJECTS4 ,9 ,MAY #a#i#c#a1 ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG WON HIM OV] TO ! ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION4 ,>RE/$ 9 #a#i#c#c1 ,ANH ,GIA WAS S5T5C$ TO A YE> 9 PRISON & WAS S5T TO DO =C$ LABOR 9 ! QU>RIES ( ,*AU ,DOC4 ,!RE HE CONV9C$ ! NONPOLITICAL PRISON]S TO REFUSE TO WORK1 !N L$ A HUNG] /RIKE4 ,AFT] ?IS /RUGGLE WAS H>%LY REPRESS$1 HE WAS SEP>AT$ FROM ! O!R PRISON]S & S5T BACK TO ! ,C5TRAL ,PRISON 9 ,SAIGON4 ,9 #aicd ,ANH ,GIA BEGAN WORK+ AS A SIGN PA9T]4 ,9 #aicf HE WROTE ! PAMPHLET ,ACTION ,COMMITTEE ,TACTICS4 ,= HIS WORK 9 ! LABOR UNION MOVEM5T1 :I* HAD BE5 \TLAW$ BY ! ,POPUL> ,FRONT1 HE WAS S5T5C$ 9 #aicg TO TWO MON?S 9 PRISON4 ,AT ! 5D ( #ai* HE LAUN*$ A LEGAL ,VIETNAMESE-LANGUAGE BULLET91 ,?AY ,?O 7,WAGE & ,SAL>Y ,WORK]S74 ,HE WAS ALSO ONE ( ! $ITORS ( ,TIA ,SANG 7,! ,SP>K71 :I* FIR/ APPE>$ 9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#c#i1 D5\NC+ W> & ! IMPOSITION ( LOANS & TAXES = ! 0DEF5SE ( ,9DO*9A40 ,9 ,OCTOB] #aici HE WAS CONDEMN$ TO TWO YE>S 9 PRISON & T5 YE>S ( RE/RICT$ RESID5CE4 ,DUR+ ! W> HE WAS 9T]N$ 9 CAMPS AT ,TA ,LAI & ,BA ,RA1 !N DEPORT$ TO ,MADAGASC>1 FROM :I* HE WAS NOT RELEAS$ UNTIL ! 5D ( #a#i#d#f4 ,HE 5D$ UP BY AB&ON+ CLASS /RUGGLE1 FOLL[+ ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG D[N ! PA? T[>D A NEUTRALI/ NATIONALISM4 ,L,U ,S,A,N,H ,H,A,N,H 7#a#i#a#b-#a#i#h#b7 WAS BORN AT ,B5 ,TRE 9TO A PROSP]\S FAMILY4 ,HE /UDI$ AT ! ,MY ,?O HI< S*OOL4 ,9 #aicb HE WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,SAIGON COMMITTEE ( ! ,9DO*9ESE ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 BUT1 %AK5 BY READ+ ! !SES ( ! ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION1 HE TRI$ TO REORGANIZE HIS P>TY ON A CRITICAL BASIS4 ,HE LAUN*$ ! PAP] ,LAO ,CONG 7,! ,WORK]74 ,>RE/$ ON ,OCTOB] #i1 #a#i#c#b1 HE WAS S5T5C$ TO #ae MON?S 9 PRISON4 ,ASSIGN$ TO PU% WAGONS ALONG ) ! NONPOLITICAL PRISON]S AT ! ,CAPE ,SA9T-,JACQUES QU>RIES1 HE L$ !M 9 /RIK+4 ,PUNI%$ ) SOLIT>Y CONF9EM5T1 HE />T$ A LONG HUNG] /RIKE & WAS S5T BACK TO ! ,C5TRAL ,PRISON 9 ,SAIGON4 ,AFT] HIS RELEASE HE DECID$ TO 0DEVOTE HIS LIFE TO MAK+ REVOLUTION40 ,SELL+ (F HIS FAMILY 9H]ITANCE1 HE SET HIMSELF UP AS A TRAVEL+ B>B] 9 ORD] TO SPREAD REVOLUTION>Y PROPAG&A1 !N BECAME A REPORT] = ! ,CON/ITUTIONALI/ NEWSPAP] ,DUOC ,NHA ,NAM 7,! ,TOR* ( ,ANNAM74 ,9 ,JULY #aice HE WAS ONE ( ! F\ND]S ( ! UND]GR\ND ,LEAGUE ( ,9T]NATIONALI/ ,COMMUNI/S = ! ,CON/RUCTION ( ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,IT WAS BROK5 UP BY ! ,SU]TE ! FOLL[+ YE> :5 IT CALL$ = ! =MATION ( ACTION COMMITTEES TO PREP>E A G5]AL /RIKE4 ,9 ,AUGU/ #aicf HE WAS S5T5C$ TO #ah MON?S 9 PRISON4 ,UPON HIS RELEASE1 HE RESUM$ HIS LIFE ( POLITICAL ACTION & 9 ,JANU>Y #aici COLLABORAT$ 9 ! PUBLICATION ( ,TIA ,SANG1 :I* WAS $IT$ BY ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG & ,DAO ,HUNG ,LONG4 ,HE ESCAP$ ! >RE/S ( ,SEPTEMB] #aici & TOOK REFUGE 9 WE/]N ,CO*9*9A1 !N RETURN$ TO ,SAIGON 9 #aide TO SECRETLY RECON/ITUTE ! ,LEAGUE1 :OSE ,M>* #bd ,MANIFE/O CALL$ ON WORK]S & PEASANTS TO PREP>E = AN IMM95T REVOLUTION4 ,AFT] ! ,JAPANESE SURR5D]1 ! ,LEAGUE1 :I* HAD CONT9U$ TO OP]ATE UND]GR\ND1 CAME \T OP5LY ) RADICAL SLOGANS ?AT GL>+LY CONTRA/$ ) ?OSE ( ! ,/AL9I/S4 ,! DE FACTO ,/AL9I/ GOV]NM5T ( ,TRAN ,VAN ,GIAU1 FEEL+ ?REAT5$ BY ! GR[? ( ! ,LEAGUE-DOM9AT$ PEOPLE'S COMMITTEES1 S5T TROOPS TO >RE/ ! ?IRTY-ODD DELEGATES :O W]E ATT5D+ A MEET+ ON ,SEPTEMB] #a#d1 #a#i#d#e4 ,LU ,SANH ,HANH WAS ONE ( !M4 ,!Y W]E DIS>M$ & ?R[N 9TO PRISON4 ,ON ,SEPTEMB] #b#b1 ! ,BRITI% TOOK CONTROL ( ! ,C5TRAL ,PRISON & H&$ OV] ! PRISON]S TO ! ,FR5* ,SU]TE4 ,P>ADOXICALLY1 ?AT WAS H[ ,LU ,SANH ,HANH & HIS COMRADES ESCAP$ C]TA9 DEA?4 ,HE EMIGRAT$ TO ,FRANCE 9 #a#i#d#g1 :]E HE WAS ACTIVE AMONG ! ,ANNAMITES :O HAD BE5 0IMPORT$0 TO WORK 9 ! MUNITIONS FACTORIES DUR+ ! W>1 & ALSO CONTRIBUT$ TO ! J\RNAL ,QUATRIEME ,9T]NATIONALE .<,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL.> UND] ! NAME ( ,LUCI54 ,9 #ai$ HE RETURN$ TO HIS NATIVE C\NTRY4 ,HE DI$ ( TUB]CULOSIS 9 ,SAIGON ON ,NOVEMB] #b1 #a#i#h#b4 ,N,G,U,Y,5 ,V,A,N ,N,A,M1 ALIAS ,A,N,T,O,N,Y1 WAS BORN ON ,MAY #b#f1 #a#i#a#b1 AT ,B5 ,TRE1 9TO AN OLD E/ABLI%$ ,CA?OLIC FAMILY :O HAD AMASS$ !IR IMM5SE =TUNE 9 ! E>LY DAYS ( ,FR5* COLONIZATION4 ,HE WAS ! SON ( ! DOC PHU 7,ADM9I/RATIVE ,DELEGATE7 ,MI*EL ,MY1 :O BECAME KN[N AS ! 0,TIG] ( ,*O ,LA*0 & WAS 9FAM\S = HIS SAVAGE REPRESSION ( REBELLI\S PEASANTS 9 #a#i#c4 ,MI*EL ,MY EMBEZZL$ VA/ AM\NTS ( PUBLIC MONEY1 !N HAD A *UR* BUILT AT ,*O ,LA* D$ICAT$ TO ,/4 ,MI*AEL TO EXPIATE HIS S9S4 ,HE WAS KILL$ BY 9SURG5TS AT ,GIA ,D9H 9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#d#e4 ,AS A HI<-S*OOL /UD5T AT ! ,CA?OLIC ,TAB]D ,9/ITUTE 9 ,SAIGON1 :]E HIS BRO!R WAS A 0TEA*+ BRO!R10 ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,NAM1 ! REBELLI\S SON1 WAS ACTIVE 9 ! /RIKES ( #aibf ?AT BROKE \T AT ! FUN]AL ( ! PIONE]+ NATIONALI/ ,PHAN ,*AU ,TR9H4 ,LEAV+ = ,FRANCE 9 #a#i#b#h1 HE CONT9U$ HIS /UDIES AT ! ,LYCEE ,LAKANAL 9 ,SCEAUX1 :]E HE JO9$ ! ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION1 & 9 #aicb P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! ,P>IS-BAS$ ,ANNAMITE ,TROTSKYI/ GR\P . ALONG ) ,TRAN ,VAN ,SI1 ,LA ,VAN ,ROT & ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,L9H4 ,HE RETURN$ TO ,SAIGON 9 #aice & MADE CONTACT ) ! ,TROTSKYI/S ( ! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P1 PUBLI%+ >TICLES 9 !IR PAP] ON /RIKES & ON ,ALG]IA4 ,9 #ai* HE COLLABORAT$ ) ,HO ,HUU ,TUONG ON ! SEMI-LEGAL J\RNAL ,?ANG ,MUOI & 9 ,FEBRU>Y #aici HE BECAME ! ADM9I/RATOR RESPONSIBLE = ! PAP] ,TIA ,SANG4 ,! LATT] PUBLICATION WAS BANN$ & HE WAS >RE/$1 ALONG ) ,$G> ,GAN(SKY 7! MANAG+ $ITOR71 ,DAO ,HUNG ,LONG & O!RS4 ,HE REMA9$ 9 PRISON UNTIL E>LY #a#i#d4 ,AFT] ! COLLAPSE ( ,FRANCE 9 ,MAY #a#i#d1 ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,NAM WAS S\I\S COMRADES 9 ,B5 ,SUC1 ,TRA ,V9H1 ,PHNOM ,P5H1 ,HANOI & ,QUANG ,NGAI4 ,HE RETURN$ TO ,SAIGON 9 #a#i#d#c4 ,9 ,AUGU/ #a#i#d#e1 :5 ,SAIGON WAS 9 TURMOIL FOLL[+ ! SURR5D] ( ! ,JAPANESE1 HE RESUM$ HIS ACTIVITY 9 ! RECON/ITUT$ ,LEAGUE ( ,9T]NATIONALI/ ,COMMUNI/S4 ,HE WROTE ! LEAFLET ?AT CALL$ = ! =MATION ( PEOPLE'S COMMITTEES & = ! >M+ ( ! PEOPLE1 POSITIONS ?AT W]E TO BE WIDELY ADOPT$ DUR+ ! HUGE DEMON/RATION ( ,AUGU/ #b#a1 #a#i#d#e4 ,MANAG+ TO ESCAPE ! SY/EMATIC LIQUIDATION ( ! ,TROTSKYI/S BY ! ,/AL9I/ ,COMMUNI/S & ! ,VIETM9H1 ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,NAM EMIGRAT$ TO ,FRANCE 9 E>LY #a#i#d#h4 ,9 LATE #aidi HE BROKE ) ,L59ISM-,TROTSKYISM & BEGAN WID5+ HIS CIRCLE ( CONTACTS 9 ORD] TO DEVELOP NEW REVOLUTION>Y P]SPECTIVES4 ,AS HE PUT IT3 0,! SO-CALL$ WORK]S' P>TIES -- P>TICUL>LY ?OSE ( ! ,L59I/ TYPE -- >E EMBRYOS ( A /ATE4 ,FAC$ ) ! P[] ( ! B\RGEOIS /ATE1 !SE P>TIES ADVOCATE A 'C\NT]P[]4' ,BUT ?IS IS JU/ JUGGL+ ) WORDS 9 ORD] TO DECEIVE PEOPLE3 ALL P[] IS CO]CIVE & OPPRESSIVE4 ,ONCE 9 P[]1 !SE P>TIES BECOME ! NUCLEUS ( A NEW EXPLOIT+ CLASS :I* 9/ALLS A NEW SY/EM ( EXPLOITATION4 ,! /ATE IS ALWAYS ! /ATE ( ! EXPLOIT]S4 ,TALK ( ! 'WI!R+ AWAY' ( ! /ATE ONLY S]VES TO MY/IFY ! MASSES4 ,TO >RIVE AT A 'NON/ATE1' WE HAVE TO 5VISION A 'NONP[]4' ,WORK]S C\NCILS C\LD REPRES5T SU* 'NONP[]'40 ,MY FRI5D ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,NAM WORK$ 9 A FACTORY UNTIL #a#i#f#a1 !N AS A BOOKKEEP]1 :ILE CONT9U+ HIS /UDIES4 ,HE GRADUAT$ 9 ,5GLI%1 & WROTE A DISS]TATION ON IMMIGRATION 9 ,5GL&4 ,N,G,U,Y,5 ,V,A,N ,L,9,H1 ALIAS ,],N,E 7#a#i#i-#a#i#e71 WAS BORN AT ,B5 ,SUC 7,?U ,DAU ,MOT7 9TO A WEAL?Y FAMILY4 ,HE W5T TO ,FRANCE 9 #a#i#b#f1 /UDY+ FIR/ AT ! ,LYCEE ,MI*ELET 9 ,VANVES1 !N AT ! ,SORBONNE 9 ,P>IS4 ,9 #aica HE & ,TRAN ,VAN ,SI ORGANIZ$ ! ,9DO*9ESE ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION GR\P .4 ,9 A SPEE* AT ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,ANTIW> ,CONGRESS 9 ,AM/]DAM1 HE /RESS$ ?AT ! PROLET>IAT %\LD NOT BE DELUD$ 9TO ?9K+ ?AT W> C\LD BE PREV5T$ )\T DE/ROY+ ITS F\NDATION1 CAPITALISM4 ,HE TOOK P>T 9 ! ,9DO*9ESE ,MUTUAL ,AID ,ASSOCIATION & 9 ! ,SOCIAL ,/UDIES ,CIRCLE SET UP 9 #a#i#c#d1 :]E HE MET PEOPLE :O HAD BE5 EXPELL$ FROM ! ,FR5* ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,HE CRITICIZ$ ! ,POPUL> ,FRONT = ITS REPRESSION ( ! ,9DO*9ESE ,CONGRESS MOVEM5T 9 #a#i#c#f4 ,9 #a#i#c#g1 9 ! BULLET9 ,QUOC ,TE ,I,V 7,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL7 HE D5\NC$ ! DICTATOR%IP OV] ! PROLET>IAT BY ! P>TY 9 P[] 9 ! ,U,S,S,R & CRITICIZ$ ! ,FR5* ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 :I*1 S9CE ! ,LAVAL-,/AL9 ,PACT ( #a#i#c#e1 0WAS URG+ ! ,ANNAMITE MASSES TO SUPPORT ! DEMOCRATIC IMP]IALISMS0 & :I* WAS SEEK+ 0PEACE AT ANY PRICE 9 ! ?REE ,FR5* COLONIES 9 ,NOR? ,AFRICA40 ,HE RETURN$ TO ,CO*9*9A AT ! \TBREAK ( ! W>1 & TAU WORK]S & ON MA9TA9+ COMMUNICATION BETWE5 ! COMRADES 9 ! C\NTRYSIDE & 9 ! CITY4 ,9 ,JULY #aidg HE R5EW$ CONTACT ) ! ,9T]NATIONALI/ ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 9 ,FRANCE4 ,HE WROTE TO ,MOL9I] & ,CRAIPEAU3 0,HAV+ SURVIV$ ! SAVAGE REPRESSION ( ! ,/AL9I/S1 \R GR\P 9T5DS TO CONT9UE ! /RUGGLE10 & ADD$ ?AT HE DID NOT UND]/& 0! PURELY 9TELLECTUALI/IC APPROA* ( ,NAVILLE & ,R\SSET40.<#f#e.> ,9 #aie HE RECEIV$ AN 9VITATION TO A SECRET CONF]5CE O/5SIBLY ORGANIZ$ BY ,TROTSKYI/ SYMPA?IZ]S 9 ! ,VIETM9H MILIT>Y ZONE 9 ,BI5 ,HOA TO DISCUSS ! P>TICIPATION ( ,TROTSKYI/S 9 ! RESI/ANCE4 ,IT WAS A TRAP1 & ON ,MAY #a#c1 #a#i#e1 ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,L9H FELL 9TO IT1 ALONG ) ,LIU ,KHANH ,?9H & ! ,*9ESE COMRADE ,LIU ,JIALIANG4 ,!Y W]E ASSASS9AT$4 ,! ,VIETM9H RADIO /ATION ACCUS$ !M ( HAV+ BE5 0AG5TS ( ,FR5* IMP]IALISM40 ,T,R,A,N ,V,A,N ,S,I 7#a#i#g-#a#i#d#a7 WAS BORN AT ,TAN ,?ANH ,DONG 7,GIA ,D9H74 ,AFT] /UDY+ 9 ,HANOI1 HE WORK$ AS A TE*NICIAN1 !N LEFT = ,FRANCE 9 ,JULY #a#i#b#i4 ,9 ,P>IS1 HE & ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,L9H W]E AT ! HE>T ( ! ,9DO*9ESE ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION GR\P1 :I* ANALYZ$ ! MI/AKES ( ! ,9DO*9ESE ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 9 ! SAME SPIRIT AS ! ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION ?AT HAD SUPPORT$ ,TROTSKY 9 HIS /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! BUREAUCRACY 9 P[] 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,) ,MAURICE ,NADEAU1 HE WAS ACTIVE 9 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE CELL 9 ! #a#c? ,>RONDISSEM5T ( ,P>IS4 ,BEG9N+ 9 ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#c#b1 ! ,9DO*9ESE ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION GR\P PUBLI%$ ! !SES ( ! ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION ON ! ,9DO*9ESE REVOLUTION 9 ! MIMEO BULLET9 ,DUOC ,VO ,SAN 7,! ,TOR* ( ! ,PROLET>IAT74 ,!Y W]E VIOL5TLY ATTACK$ = ?IS BY ,ANNAMITES 9 ! ,COLONIAL ,SECTION ( ! ,FR5* ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#c1 F9ALLY REALIZ+ ?AT !Y W\LD NEV] BE ACCEPT$ AS AN OPPOSITION )9 ! ,9DO*9ESE ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 !Y DECID$ TO TRY TO BUILD A NEW COMMUNI/ P>TY4 ,9 #aice ,TRAN ,VAN ,SI WAS ONE ( ! F\ND]S ( ! ,9DO*9ESE ,SECTION = ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,! GR\P TOOK AN ACTIVE P>T 9 ANTI-IMP]IALI/ MEET+S & DEMON/RATIONS & REMA9$ 9 CONTACT ) ,ANNAMITE DISSID5TS 9 ! ,FR5* ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,AFT] RETURN+ TO ,CO*9*9A ON ,SEPTEMB] #a#c1 #a#i#c#g1 ,TRAN ,VAN ,SI JO9$ ,TA ,?U ,?AU 9 ! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P1 :I* HAD BY !N BECOME ,TROTSKYI/1 & 9 ,APRIL #aici HIS NAME APPE>$ ON ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL SLATE ( C&IDATES = ! ,COLONIAL ,C\NCIL ELECTION4 ,>RE/$ ON ,JULY #a#c1 #a#i#c#i1 = CAMPAIGN+ AGA9/ A NATIONAL DEF5SE FUND1 HE WAS S5T5C$ ON ,APRIL #a#f1 #a#i#d1 TO ?REE YE>S AT ,P\LO ,CONDORE4 ,HE DI$ !RE AFT] ONLY A YE>4 ,L,I,U ,J,I,A,L,I,A,N,G 7#a#i#a#a-#a#i#e7 WAS ORIG9ALLY FROM ,GUANGDONG 9 ,*9A4 ,HIS POLITICAL AWAK5+ CAME AT ! AGE ( #ad DUR+ ! SECOND ,*9ESE REVOLUTION 7#a#i#b#e-#a#i#b#g74 ,9 #aica HE W5T TO /UDY 9 ,BEIJ+ & JO9$ ! ,TROTSKYI/ MOVEM5T !RE4 ,:5 HE W5T TO ,%ANRE/$ & IMPRISON$ UNTIL #a#i#c#g4 ,AFT] HIS RELEASE AT ! \TBREAK ( ! ,S9O-,JAPANESE W>1 HE W5T TO ,HONG ,KONG TO TRA9 Y\NG ,TROTSKYI/S 9 S\!RN ,*9A4 ,IT WAS DUR+ ?IS P]IOD ?AT HE TRANSLAT$ 9TO ,*9ESE ,H>OLD ,ISAACS'S BOOK ,! ,TRAG$Y ( ! ,*9ESE ,REVOLUTION4 ,HE WAS >RE/$1 !N DEPORT$ TO ,%AN* #a#i#d#i4 ,HUNT$ BY ! POLICE1 HE FL$ TO ,SAIGON 9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#e4 ,9 ,MAY ( ?AT YE> HE & TWO ,VIETNAMESE COMRADES FROM ! ,LEAGUE ( ,9T]NATIONALI/ ,COMMUNI/S W]E AMBU%$ BY ! ,VIETM9H AT ,BI5 ,HOA1 NOR? ( ,SAIGON1 & HE WAS TORTUR$ TO DEA?4 ,T,R,A,N ,D,9,H ,M,9,H1 ALIAS ,N,G,U,Y,5 ,H,A,I ,A,U 7#a#i#a#b-#a#i#d#f71 WAS A POET1 & AU?OR ( ! NOVEL ,NGUOI ,CON ,GAI ,CAM 7,! ,SIL5T ,GIRL71 :OSE Y\NG H]O9E1 POOR1 UGLY & MUTE1 REGA9S H] BEAUTY & ! P[] ( SPEE* :5 %E IS LOV$ -- A METAPHOR = ! 5SLAV$ MASSES :O WILL BE BORN 9TO A REAL LIFE ?R\< SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,HE ALSO WROTE BOOKS ON ! ECONOMY3 ,K9H ,TE ,HOC ,PHO ,?ONG 7,POLITICAL ,ECONOMY ,MADE ,EASY7 7,HANOI1 #a#i#d#d7 & ,K9H ,TE ,! ,GIOI #a#i#b#i-#a#i#c#d 7,! ,WORLD ,ECONOMY #a#i#b#i-#a#i#c#d7 7,HANOI1 #a#i#d#e74 ,HE LEFT TEA*+ TO BECOME A TYPOGRAPH] AT ! ,LE ,VAN ,TAN ,PR9TWORKS 9 ,HANOI1 :]E 9 #a#i#d#d-#a#i#d#e HE & O!R COMRADES PUT TOGE!R ! CL&E/9E BULLET9 ,CO ,DO 7,R$ ,FLAG74 ,HE JO9$ ! ,LEAGUE ( ,9T]NATIONALI/ ,COMMUNI/S 9 ,SAIGON 9 #a#i#d#e4 ,HE WAS ACCEPT$ 9TO ! ,GO ,VAP ,WORK]S' ,MILITIA1 & HE & ,NGUY5 ,VAN ,?UONG W]E ELECT$ TO LEAD ?IS MILITIA DUR+ ! UPRIS+ 9 ,SAIGON4 ,HE WAS KILL$ AT ! FRONT ON ,JANU>Y #a#c1 #a#i#d#f1 9 ,MY ,LOI1 NE> ,CAO ,LANH 7,SADEC71 UND] FIRE FROM 9DIG5\S AUXILI>IES 9 ! ,FR5* >MY :O W]E DISGUIS$ AS RESI/ANCE FI ,G,A,N,(,S,K,Y 7#a#h#h-#a#i#d#c7 WAS A ,FR5*MAN BORN ON ! ,9DIAN ,OCEAN ISL& ( ,REUNION4 ,HE WAS FIR$ FROM HIS TEA*+ PO/ = POLITICAL REASONS4 ,F]V5TLY ANTICOLONIALI/1 HE PUBLI%$ ,LA ,VOIX ,LIBRE .<,! ,FREE ,VOICE.> 9 ,SAIGON FROM #aibc TO #a#i#c#b4 ,A MODE/ & FREE-SPIRIT$ MAN1 HE LIV$ AS AN ,ANNAMITE1 LODG+ ) A COOLIE FAMILY 9 A RUN-D[N AP>TM5T 9 ,DA ,KAO4 ,9 #aicc HE HELP$ ! ,LA ,LUTTE GR\P BY TAK+ ADVANTAGE ( HIS ,FR5* CITIZ5%IP TO ASSUME ! (FICIAL MANAG]IAL RESPONSIBILITY = ! ,LA ,LUTTE NEWSPAP]4 ,9 #aicf HE TOOK P>T 9 ! ,9DO*9ESE ,CONGRESS MOVEM5T1 :OSE AIM WAS TO PRES5T ! DEM&S ( ! ,ANNAMITE PEOPLE TO ! ,POPUL> ,FRONT GOV]NM5T4 ,9 #aici HE ONCE AGA9 BECAME AN (FICIAL PUBLI%+ MANAG]1 ?IS TIME ( ! ,TROTSKYI/ PAP] ,TIA ,SANG4 ,HE WAS S5T5C$ TO ONE YE> 9 PRISON & FIVE YE>S ( RE/RICT$ RESID5CE -- T]MS :I* W]E 9CREAS$ 9 ,JUNE #aid TO ?REE YE>S & T5 YE>S4 ,DUR+ ! W> HE WAS =C$ TO LIVE 9 ,CAN ,?O1 & DI$ !RE 9 POV]TY 9 #a#i#d#c4 ,?,A,I ,V,A,N ,T,A,M1 ONE ( ! F\ND]S ( ! ,HANOI NEWSPAP] ,BAN ,DAN 7,! ,PEOPLE'S ,FRI5D71 BROKE ) ! ,/AL9I/S 9 #aicg AFT] ! ,POPUL> ,FRONT BANN$ ! ,9DO*9ESE ,CONGRESS MOVEM5T4 ,9 ,TONK9 HE />T$ ! ,TIA ,SANG 7,! ,SP>K7 GR\P & ALSO PUT \T ! WEEKLY ,?OI ,DAM 7,*RONICLES71 :I* 9 ,AUGU/ #ai* CALL$ ON WORK]S & PEASANTS TO SET UP 0UNIFI$ PEOPLE'S COMMITTEES 9 A JO9T /RUGGLE = RICE1 FRE$OM & DEMOCRACY0 -- COMMITTEES :I* ! PROCESS ( REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE W\LD T5D TO TRANS=M 9TO WORK]S' & PEASANTS' C\NCILS4 ,:5 ?IS PUBLICATION WAS BANN$1 ,?AI ,VAN ,TAM />T$ ,*ANH ,TRI ,TUAN ,BAO 7,! ,POLITICAL ,WEEKLY7 9 ,NOVEMB] #ai* & PUBLI%$ A TRANSLATION ( ,TROTSKY'S BOOK AB\T HIS SON1 ,LEON ,S$OV4 ,PROSECUT$ = HIS ANTIW> >TICLES 9 ,?OI ,DAM1 HE WAS S5T5C$ 9 ,APRIL #aici TO FIVE MON?S 9 PRISON1 AS W]E HIS COMPANIONS ,BUI ,DUY ,TU & ,NGUY5 ,UY5 ,DIEM4 ,DUR+ ! W>1 HE DI$ 9 A PRISON 9 C5TRAL ,ANNAM4 ,L,E ,Q,U,A,N,G ,L,U,O,N,G1 ALIAS ,B,I,* ,K,H,E 7#a#i#a#e-#a#i#d#f71 WAS A PRIM>Y S*OOL TEA*] & A POPUL> POET4 ,HE ORIG9ALLY CAME FROM ,?U ,XA1 9 ! ,QUANG ,NGAI PROV9CE ( ,ANNAM4 ,:5 ,&RE ,GIDE'S BOOK ,RET\R DE L',U,R,S,S .<,RETURN FROM ! ,U,S,S,R.> WAS PUBLI%$ 9 #a#i#c#f1 HE QUICKLY TRANSLAT$ IT4 ,AS A RESULT1 ! ,/AL9I/ P>TY ID5TIFI$ HIM AS ! 9SPIRATION BEH9D ! ,DU ,TU 7,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL7 GR\P 9 ?AT REGION4 ,HE DI$ ( TUB]CULOSIS 9 #aidf AT ! AGE ( ?IRTY-ONE4 ,! LOCAL POPULATION GAVE HIS NAME TO ! /REET LEAD+ FROM ! BUS /ATION TO ! EA/ GATE ( ,QUANG ,NGAI1 ?\< 0,RUE ,BI*-,KHE0 NEV] APPE>$ ON (FICIAL MAPS ( ! T[N4 ,HIS TOMB WAS NEGLECT$ & OV]RUN ) WE$S -- JU/ AS 9 HIS [N POEM1 ,NAM ,MO 7,! ,TOMB73 ,DAY CO XANH XAO MAY LOP PHU1 ,TR5 MO CON QUA DUNG YEM HOI4 .<,LU% GRE5 WE$S SMO!R ! TOMB1 A CR[ P]*ES !RE SIL5TLY4.> ,9 #a#i#i#a1 ! Y\NG BUREAUCRAT ,BON1 ,SECRET>Y ( ! LOCAL ,PEOPLE'S ,COMMITTEE1 REFUS$ TO GIVE HIS FAMILY P]MISSION TO TAKE HIS REMA9S BACK TO HIS BIR?PLACE1 ON ! PRETEXT ?AT ! BONES ( A MAN :O DI$ ( TUB]CULOSIS MIIES1 ,TROTSKYISM IS COMPLETELY REACTION>Y40 7,?IS ANECDOTE IS DRAWN FROM A REPORT BY ! J\RNALI/ ,TRAN ,DANG1 PUBLI%$ 9 ,LAO ,DONG1 (FICIAL NEWSPAP] ( ! ,VIETNAM ,G5]AL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR1 ON ,JANU>Y #b1 #a#i#i#d47 ,L,U,O,N,G ,D,U,C ,?,I,E,P 78-#a#i#d#e7 WAS BORN 9 ,?ANH ,HOA 9 NOR!RN ,ANNAM4 ,HE WAS EXPELL$ FROM ! ,NAM ,D9H HI< S*OOL AFT] PROTE/ /RIKES AGA9/ ! BRUTALITY ( 0,PAUL ,R$NOSE10 A ,FR5* TEA*] :O CALL$ HIS PUPILS 0BA/>DS1 PIGS1 FIL?Y ,ANNAMITES40 ,LUONG ,DUC ,?IEP TRI$ TO FLEE ! C\NTRY BUT WAS >RE/$ AT ,BANGKOK & S5T BACK TO ,?ANH ,HOA :]E1 AFT] A YE> 9 PRISON1 HE WAS PUT UND] H\SE >RE/4 ,9 #aicg & #ai* HE WAS ONE ( ! LEAD]S ( ! CL&E/9E ,TYPOGRAPH]S ,TRADE ,UNION ,F$]ATION 9 ,HANOI4 ,9 #aida HE P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! CRITICAL HI/ORICAL J\RNAL ,HAN ,?UY51 :I* QUE/ION$ ! IDEOLOGY ( NATIONAL H]OISM4 ,9 #aide HE F\ND$ ! ,SOCIALI/ ,WORK]S ,P>TY ( ,NOR? ,VIETNAM 7,DANG ,?O ,?UY5 ,XA ,HOI ,VIET ,BAC71 :I* SUPPORT$ ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL & BR\GE NUMB]S ( WORK]S & /UD5TS1 9CLUD+ MANY WOM54 ,?IS GR\P PUBLI%$ ! NEWSPAP] ,*I5 ,DAU 7,COMBAT7 & MANY PAMPHLETS1 & SET UP ,M>XI/ $UCATION CLASSES4 ,BY MEANS ( PO/]S & LEAFLETS ! GR\P CALL$ = ! >M+ ( ! PEOPLE1 WORK]S' CONTROL ( ! FACTORIES & R$I/RIBUTION ( L& TO ! PEASANTS1 AS 9 ! ,S\?4 ,! GR\P PREP>$ = >M$ RESI/ANCE TO ! RETURN ( ! ,FR5*1 & ITS REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM WAS WELCOM$ ) 5?USIASM AT HUGE RALLIES1 NOTABLY 9 ,BA* ,MAI4 ,FAC$ ) ! AUTONOM\S DEVELOPM5T ( A REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T ( WORK]S & PEASANTS \TSIDE ! CONTROL ( ! ,VIETM9H1 ,HO ,*I ,M9H ORD]$ ! >RE/ ( MEMB]S ( ! GR\P4 ,LUONG ,DUC ,?IEP & ,QUAN ,?UONG ,HAO1 :O HAD JU/ BE5 RELEAS$ FROM ! ,SON ,LA P5AL COLONY1 W]E R\ND$ UP ALONG ) MANY O!RS & EXECUT$4 ,! MURD] ( ,LUONG ,DUC ,?IEP 9 #aide IS DOCUM5T$ BY ! WRIT] ,TO ,HOAI 9 HIS MEMOIRS1 ,CAT ,BUI ,*AN ,AI 7PUBLI%$ 9 ,CALI=NIA 9 #a#i#i#c74 ,LUONG ,DUC ,?IEP'S MILITANT POLITICAL ACTIVITY 9 #aide IS DESCRIB$ BY ,DO ,BA ,! 9 ,?IM ,BAY ,GIOI 7CIT$ BY ,PHUONG ,LAN 9 H] BOOK ,NHA ,CA* ,MANG ,TA ,?U ,?AU #a#i#f-#a#i#d#e .<,! ,REVOLUTION>Y ,TA ,?U ,?AU.>7 & 9 A LETT] ( #aidg FROM A ,NOR? ,VIETNAMESE MILITANT1 DISCOV]$ 9 ! >*IVES ( ,PI]RE ,FRANK 9 ,P>IS4 ,?IS BOOK IS D$ICAT$ TO ALL !SE FRI5DS & COMRADES1 & TO SO MANY O!RS2 TO ALL ?OSE :O HAVE DREAM$ ( A NEW WORLD LIB]AT$ FROM OPPRESSION & EXPLOITATION2 TO ! S]FS ( ! RICEFIELDS1 ! SLAVES ( ! PLANTATIONS1 ! M9]S1 COOLIES1 F>M LABOR]S1 WORK]S & PEASANTS :O DI$ ANONYM\SLY1 0COMBATANTS :O FELL 9 ! /RUGGLE ) NO ONE TO TELL !IR /ORY1 NO ONE TO EVOKE !IR SPIRIT0 7TU SI MAY NGUOI1 NAO AI MAC MAT1 NAO AI GOI HON72.<#f#f.> & TO ! MEMORY ( MY MO!R4 ,P>IS1 ,SEPTEMB] #h1 #b ,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,JANU>Y #h1 #bba 3 ,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #i -- ,ADD$4 ,JANU>Y #a#g1 #bbb 3 ,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #i -- ,UPDAT$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/