,]RORS ,& ,REM$IES 

#ahif 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,]RICO ,MALATE/A 

,TEXT 3 

,!RE IS SU* A V>IETY ( FOLK CALL+ !MSELVES AN>*I/S !SE DAYS & P$DL+ SU* A V>IETY ( DISP>ATE & CONTRADICTORY IDEAS AS AN>*Y1 ?AT IT REALLY IS SMALL WOND] ?AT ! PUBLIC1 BE+ NEW TO \R IDEAS & UNABLE TO MAKE \T AT A GLANCE ! BIG DIFF]5CES LURK+ UND] ! BLANKET ( A COMMON NAME1 REMA9S DEAF TO \R PROPAG&A & REG>DS US ) SUSPICION4 

,( C\RSE WE CANNOT /OP O!RS FROM ADOPT+ :ATEV] TITLE !Y *OOSE2 NOR W\LD \R JETTISON+ ! TITLE ( AN>*I/S A*IEVE ANY?+ BEYOND ADD+ TO ! CONFUSION1 S9CE ! PUBLIC W\LD RECKON ?AT WE HAD M]ELY SWIT*$ FLAGS4 

,ALL WE CAN DO1 & :AT WE %\LD DO1 IS TO DIFF]5TIATE \RSELVES CLE>LY FROM ?OSE :OSE NOTION ( AN>*Y DIFF]S FROM \R [N1 OR :O DRAW FROM ! V]Y SAME !ORETICAL CONCEPT PRACTICAL CONSEQU5CES OPPOSITE TO ! ONES WE DRAW4 ,& SU* DIFF]5TIATION %\LD COME FROM A CLE> EXPOSITION ( \R IDEAS & FROM ! REL5TLESS REPETITION1 FRANKLY & L\DLY1 ( \R VIEW ( ALL ?+S ?AT FLY 9 ! FACE ( \R IDEAS & MORALITY1 )\T REG>D TO P]SONALITIES OR P>TY4 ,SU* A PURPORT$ P>TY FELL[%IP BETWE5 PEOPLE :O ULTIMATELY DID NOT BELONG & C\LD NOT HAVE BELONG$ TO ! SAME P>TY1 HAS ACTUALLY BE5 ONE ( ! *IEF CAUSES ( ! CONFUSION4 ,& A PASS HAS BE5 REA*$ :]E LOTS ( PEOPLE PRAISE1 COM+ FROM 0COMRADES10 ! V]Y SAME ACTIONS ?AT !Y RAIL AGA9/ 9 ! B\RGEOIS2 & IT LOOKS AS IF !IR ONLY Y>D/ICK 9 GAUG+ GOOD & BAD MAY BE ?IS3 :E!R ! AU?OR ( ! DE$ UND] EXAM9ATION ADOPTS ! NAME AN>*I/1 OR NOT4 

"9 "9 "9 

,A MULTIPLICITY ( ]RORS HAS L$ SOME 9TO UTT] CONTRADICTION ( ! PR9CIPLES ?AT !Y1 9 !ORY1 PR(ESS1 & O!RS TO C\NT5ANCE ?AT CONTRADICTION2 JU/ AS !RE >E MANY REASONS = ! ATTRACTION 9TO \R RANKS ( FOLK :O MOCK SOCIALISM & AN>*Y & ANY?+ ?AT LOOKS BEYOND !IR [N P]SONAL 9T]E/S4 

,I CANNOT EMB>K UPON A SY/EMATIC & COMPREH5SIVE SURVEY ( SU* ]RORS H]E4 ,I %ALL M]ELY ALLUDE TO A FEW ( !M 9 ! ORD] ?AT !Y COME TO M9D4 

,FIR/ & =EMO/1 LET US TALK ( MORALITY4 

,IT IS COMMONPLACE TO F9D AN>*I/S :O 0D5Y MORALITY40 ,9ITIALLY1 ?IS IS M]ELY A FIGURE ( SPEE*1 SIGNIFY+ ?AT1 9 T]MS ( !ORY1 !Y ACCEPT NO ABSOLUTE1 ET]NAL1 IMMUTABLE MORALITY1 & ?AT1 9 PRACTICE1 !Y DEFY ! B\RGEOIS MORALITY ?AT C\NT5ANCES EXPLOITATION ( ! MASSES & CONDEMNS ?OSE ACTS ?AT POSE A DANG] & A ?REAT TO ! PRIVILEG$4 ,BUT !N1 GRADUALLY1 AS IS CU/OM>ILY ! CASE ) SO MANY O!R ?+S1 ! RHETORICAL FL\RI% IS MI/AK5 = A PRECISE 5CAPSULATION ( ! TRU?4 ,!Y =GET ?AT UND] ! CURR5T MORAL CODE1 9 ADDITION TO ! RULES 9CULCAT$ BY PRIE/S & BOSSES 9 ! 9T]E/S ( !IR ASC5DANCY1 !RE EXI/1 & !SE ACC\NT = ! MA9 SUB/ANCE ( IT1 O!R RULES ?AT >E ! \TWORK+ ( & PRECONDITIONS = ALL SOCIAL CO-EXI/5CE2 !Y =GET ?AT REBELL+ AGA9/ ANY RULE IMPOS$ BY =CE DOES NOT ACTUALLY MEAN A REJECTION ( ALL MORAL RE/RA9T & ANY S5SE ( OBLIGATION T[>DS O!RS2 !Y =GET ?AT1 9 ORD] TO WAGE A REASONABLE FI<T AGA9/ ONE MORAL CODE1 ONE HAS TO MEASURE IT 9 !ORY & 9 PRACTICE1 AGA9/ A HI<] CODE ( MORALITY2 &1 IF ONLY TEMP]AM5T & CIRCUM/ANCES CONTRIBUTE A LITTLE1 !Y W9D UP BECOM+ IMMORAL 9 ! ABSOLUTE S5SE ( ! WORD2 :I* IS TO SAY1 M5 ) NO?+ TO REGULATE !IR CONDUCT1 NO CRIT]ION TO GUIDE !M 9 :AT !Y DO1 & :O SURR5D] PASSIVELY TO ! IMPULSES ( ! MOM5T4 ,TODAY !Y TAKE ! CRU/ ( BREAD FROM !IR [N M\?S 9 ORD] TO HELP A COMRADE2 TOMORR[ !Y WILL SLAY A MAN = VISIT+ A BRO!L6 

,MORALITY IS ?AT L9E ( CONDUCT ?AT EA* MAN REG>DS AS GOOD4 ,! MORALITY ?AT PREVAILS AT A GIV5 PO9T 9 TIME1 9 A P>TICUL> PLACE1 9 A GIV5 SOCIETY MAY BE F\ND WANT+2 & 9 FACT WE HOLD B\RGEOIS MORALITY TO BE DIRE2 BUT A SOCIETY )\T SOME =M ( MORALITY IS 9CONCEIVABLE1 NOR CAN ANY ?\<TFUL P]SON MANAGE )\T SOME Y>D/ICK BY :I* TO GAUGE :AT IS GOOD & :AT IS BAD AS F> AS HE & O!RS >E CONC]N$4 ,9 FI<T+ E/ABLI%$ SOCIETY1 WE C\NT] ! 9DIVIDUALI/IC MORALITY ( ! B\RGEOIS1 ! MORALITY ( /RIFE & COMPETITION1 ) A MORALITY ( LOVE & SOLID>ITY1 & /RIVE TO E/ABLI% 9/ITUTIONS ?AT LIVE UP TO H[ WE ?9K ( RELATIONS BETWE5 PEOPLE4 ,H[ ELSE C\LD WE SEE EVIL 9 ! B\RGEOIS'S EXPLOITATION ( ! PEOPLE8 

,ANO!R DAMAG+ CLAIM1 HONE/LY MADE BY MANY1 BUT 9 O!RS M]ELY AN EXCUSE1 IS ?AT ! CURR5T SOCIAL CLIMATE DOES NOT ALL[ US TO BE MORAL2 & ?AT1 AS A RESULT1 IT IS PO9TLESS \R MAK+ EF=TS ?AT CAN NEV] SUCCE$1 & ! WISE/ C\RSE W\LD BE TO GLEAN AS MU* AS ONE CAN = ONE'S [N B5EFIT FROM ! CURR5T SET-UP ) N>Y A C>E = ANYONE ELSE1 EXCEPT *ANG+ ONE'S WAYS1 COME ! *ANGE 9 ! >RANGEM5T ( SOCIETY4 ,C]TA9LY ANY AN>*I/1 ANY SOCIALI/ WILL UND]/& ! ECONOMIC FACTORS AT WORK ?AT =CE A MAN TODAY TO VIE ) HIS FELL[ M51 & ANY GOOD OBS]V] WILL SEE ! P[]LESSNESS ( 9DIVIDUAL REBELLION AGA9/ ! OV]:ELM+ MI<T ( ! SOCIAL 5VIRONM5T4 ,BUT IT IS EQUALLY C]TA9 ?AT )\T ! REBELLION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL :O JO9S =CES ) O!R 9DIVIDUAL REBELS TO /& UP TO ?AT 5VIRONM5T & TRY TO ALT] IT1 ?AT 5VIRONM5T W\LD NEV] *ANGE4 

,ALL ( US1 )\T EXCEPTION1 >E OBLIG$ TO LIVE LIVES PRETTY MU* AT LOGG]HEADS ) \R IDEALS2 BUT WE >E SOCIALI/S & AN>*I/S BECAUSE ( & TO ! EXT5T ?AT WE >E IRK$ BY ?IS CONTRADICTION1 & /RIVE TO R$UCE IT TO A M9IMUM4 ,ON ! DAY WE CON=M TO \R SURR\ND+S1 WE W\LD ( C\RSE BE SP>$ ! DET]M9ATION TO *ANGE !M & TURN 9TO M]E B\RGEOIS2 P5NILESS B\RGEOIS1 MAYBE1 BUT = ALL ?AT1 B\RGEOIS 9 \R DE$S & 9 \R 9T5TIONS4 

,ANO!R S\RCE ( V]Y GRAVE ]RORS & BLAME HAS BE5 ! CON/RUCTION PLAC$ BY MANY UPON ! !ORY ( VIOL5CE4 

,TODAY'S SOCIETY IS UND]P9N$ BY =CE ( >MS4 ,NO OPPRESS$ CLASS HAS EV] MANAG$ TO EMANCIPATE ITSELF )\T REC\RSE TO VIOL5CE2 ! PRIVILEG$ CLASSES HAVE NEV] SURR5D]$ A P>T1 ! T9IE/ FRACTION1 ( !IR PRIVILEGES1 EXCEPT BECAUSE ( =CE OR FE> ( =CE4 ,E/ABLI%$ SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS >E SU* ?AT *ANG+ !M BY MEANS ( PHAS$1 PEACEFUL RE=MS APPE>S TO BE IMPOSSIBLE2 & ! NECESSITY = A VIOL5T REVOLUTION ?AT1 BY BREA*+ & TRAMPL+ ALL OV] ! LAW1 RE-F\NDS HUMAN SOCIETY UPON FRE% F\NDATIONS CANNOT BE AVOID$4 ,! OB/9ACY & BRUTALITY ) :I* ! B\RGEOISIE REACTS TO EV5 ! MO/ ANODYNE DEM& FROM ! PROLET>IAT >E PRO( ( ! 9EVITABILITY ( VIOL5T REVOLUTION4 ,IT IS !RE=E LOGICAL & ESS5TIAL ?AT SOCIALI/S1 & ESPECIALLY AN>*I/S1 =M A REVOLUTION>Y P>TY & LOOK =W>D TO & EXP$ITE ! REVOLUTION4 

,UN=TUNATELY1 H[EV]1 PEOPLE HAVE A T5D5CY TO MI/AKE ! MEANS = ! 5D2 & VIOL5CE1 :I* WE SEE AS BE+--& SO IT MU/ /AY--A H>% NECESSITY1 HAS = MANY TURN$ 9TO VIRTUALLY ! SOLE PURPOSE ( ! /RUGGLE4 ,HI/ORY IS AWA% ) EXAMPLES ( M5 :O1 HAV+ EMB>K$ UPON /RUGGLE = A L(TY PURPOSE1 HAVE !N1 9 ! HEAT ( BATTLE1 LO/ ! RUN ( !MSELVES & LO/ SI<T ( !IR PURPOSE & TURN$ 9TO F]OCI\S BUT*]S4 ,&1 AS REC5T EV5TS HAVE %[N1 MANY AN AN>*I/ HAS NOT AVOID$ ?IS T]RIFY+ DANG] 9 VIOL5T /RUGGLE4 ,IRK$ BY P]SECUTION1 DRIV5 MAD BY ! 9/ANCES ( BL9D SAVAG]Y EMANAT+ DAILY FROM ! B\RGEOISIE1 !Y HAVE BEGUN TO APE ! EXAMPLE SET BY ! B\RGEOIS2 & A SPIRIT ( V5GEANCE1 A SPIRIT ( HATR$ HAS REPLAC$ ! SPIRIT ( LOVE4 ,&1 LIKE ! B\RGEOIS1 !Y HAVE DESCRIB$ SU* V5GEANCE & HATR$ AS JU/ICE4 ,!N1 9 ORD] TO JU/IFY SU* ACTS1 :I* MI<T BE EXPLA9$ AWAY AS ! EFFECTS ( ! PROLET>IAT'S DIRE PR$ICAM5T & TAK5 AS YET FUR!R REASON TO CALL = ! DE/RUCTION ( A /ATE ( AFFAIRS ?AT CAN G5]ATE SU* DISMAL \TCOMES1 A FEW HAVE />T$ DEVIS+ ! WEIRDE/1 MO/ FANATICAL1 MO/ AU?ORIT>IAN !ORIES2 &1 HE$LESS ( SELF-CONTRADICTION1 !Y HAVE DEPICT$ !SE AS ! V]Y LATE/ ADVANCE 9 AN>*I/ ?9K+4 ,SIMULTANE\SLY CLAIM+ TO BE DET]M9I/S1 & D5Y+ ! V]Y NOTION ( RESPONSIBILITY1 !Y HAVE SET AB\T TRACK+ D[N ?OSE RESPONSIBLE = ! PRES5T /ATE ( AFFAIRS1 & HAVE ID5TIFI$ !M NOT ONLY 9 ! CONSCI\S B\RGEOIS :O KN[+LY DO EVIL1 NOT ONLY 9 ! MASS ( B\RGEOIS :O >E B\RGEOIS BY BIR? & :O HAVE NEV] QUE/ION$ !IR /ATUS1 BUT ALSO 9 ! MASS ( WORK]S :O >E ! MA9 PROP ( OPPRESSION BY 5DUR+ IT )\T REBELL+2 & HAVE SETTL$ UPON !444 DEA? P5ALTY = !M ALL4 ,& !RE HAS EV5 BE5 ! ODD ONE :O1 RAV+ AB\T SOME 0LAT5T RESPONSIBILITY10 HAS CONCLUD$ ?AT PREGNANT WOM5 & *ILDR5 DES]VE BUT*]+6 ,RI<TLY QU]Y+ ! RI<T ( B\RGEOIS JUDGES TO IMPOSE AS MU* AS ONE H\R'S IMPRISONM5T1 !Y SET !MSELVES UP AS >BIT]S 9 ! LIFE & DEA? ( O!RS & GO SO F> AS TO SAY ?AT ?OSE :O DO NOT ?9K AS WE DO DES]VE KILL+6 ,:I* DEFIES BELIEF & :I* MANY REFUSE TO CR$IT6 ,YET ONLY A FEW WEEKS BACK1 !RE1 9 ONE 0AN>*I/0 NEWSPAP] = ALL TO READ1 W]E !SE WORDS3 0,A BOMB W5T (F 9 ,B>CELONA AT A RELIGI\S PROCESSION1 LEAV+ #d DEAD & :O KN[S H[ MANY 9JUR$ UPON ! GR\ND4 ,! POLICE HAVE >RE/$ UPW>DS ( #i AN>*I/S 9 ! HOPE ( APPREH5D+ ! H]OIC AU?OR ( ! \TRAGE40 ,NO RATIONALE1 NO MEAN+1 NO?+2 !RE IS H]OISM 9 ! SLAU<T] ( DEF5SELESS WOM51 *ILDR51 & M5--BECAUSE !Y W]E ,CA?OLICS4 ,?IS IS A /EP BEYOND V5DETTA3 IT IS ! MORBID F]VOR ( BLOOD?IR/Y MY/ICS1 A BLOOD SACRIFICE UPON ! ALT> ( A ,GOD444 OR ( AN IDEA1 :I* AM\NTS TO ! SAME ?+4 ,OH ,TORQUEMADA6 ,OH ,ROBESPI]RE6 

,I HA/5 TO SAY ?AT ! VA/ MAJORITY ( ,SPANI% AN>*I/S SPOKE \T AGA9/ ! DEM5T$ DE$4 ,BUT !RE >E ?OSE :O PURPORT TO BE AN>*I/S & :O EXULT 9 ! ACT2 & ?AT IS SUFFICI5T = GOV]NM5TS TO PRET5D TO LUMP US ALL TOGE!R & = ! PUBLIC TO G5U9ELY MIX US UP4 

,LET US %\T IT L\DLY AT ALL TIMES2 AN>*I/S %\LD NOT & CANNOT BE AV5G]S2 !Y >E LIB]ATORS4 ,WE BE> HATR$ T[>DS NONE2 WE >E NOT FI<T+ TO AV5GE \RSELVES OR TO AV5GE ANYONE ELSE2 WE SEEK LOVE T[>DS ALL1 LIB]TY = ALL4 

,S9CE EXI/+ SOCIAL 9EVITABILITY & ! /UBBORN RESI/ANCE FROM ! B\RGEOISIE OBLIGE ! OPPRESS$ TO HAVE REC\RSE TO ! LA/ RESORT ( PHYSICAL =CE1 WE DO NOT %R9K FROM ! H>% NECESSITY & READY \RSELVES TO EMPLOY IT SUCCESSFULLY4 ,BUT LET US HAVE NO UNNECESS>Y VICTIMS1 NOT EV5 9 ! 5EMY CAMP4 ,! V]Y PURPOSE ON BEHALF ( :I* WE /RUGGLE REQUIRES US TO BE K9D & HUMANE EV5 9 ! HEAT ( BATTLE2 SO ,I FAIL TO UND]/& H[ ONE CAN FI<T = A PURPOSE LIKE \RS )\T \R BE+ K9DLY & HUMANE4 ,& LET US NOT =GET ?AT A LIB]AT+ REVOLUTION CANNOT BE BORN ( MASSACRE & T]ROR1 !SE HAV+ BE5--& EV] SO IT %ALL REMA9--! MIDWIVES TO TYRANNY4 

,ON ! O!R H&1 ANO!R MI/AKE1 ! OPPOSITE ( ! ONE ! T]RORI/S MAKE1 POSES A ?REAT TO ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,P>TLY BY WAY ( A BACKLA% AGA9/ ! WAY ?AT VIOL5CE HAS BE5 MISUS$ 9 REC5T TIMES1 P>TLY DUE TO L+]+ ,*RI/IAN NOTIONS & ABOVE ALL DUE TO ! 9FLU5CE ( ! MY/ICAL PREA*+ ( ,TOL/OY1 :OSE G5IUS & MORAL QUALITIES HAVE MADE IT FA%IONABLE & CONF]R$ A CA*ET UPON IT1 ! SUPPORT]S ( PASSIVE RESI/ANCE >E />T+ TO ACQUIRE A MEASURE ( SIGNIFICANCE AMONG AN>*I/S1 !IR PR9CIPLE BE+ ?AT WE MU/ 5DURE OPPRESSION & DEGRADATION 9 \R [N CASES & 9 ?OSE ( O!RS RA!R ?AN DO H>M TO ! OPPRESSOR4 ,?IS IS :AT HAS BE5 DESCRIB$ AS PASSIVE AN>*Y4 

,S9CE SOME1 IMPRESS$ BY MY AV]SION TO NE$LESS1 H>MFUL VIOL5CE1 HAVE TRI$ TO CR$IT ME--,I AM NONE TOO SURE :E!R ! 9T5TION IS TO PRAISE ME OR BLACK5 ME--) LEAN+S 9 ! DIRECTION ( ,TOL/OYISM1 LET ME USE ?IS OPPORTUNITY TO /ATE ?AT1 9 MY VIEW1 ?AT DOCTR9E1 NO MATT] H[ SUBLIMELY ALTRUI/IC IT MI<T SEEM1 IS 9 REALITY ! V]Y NEGATION ( 9/9CT & SOCIAL OBLIGATIONS4 ,A MAN MAY1 IF HE IS V]Y444 ,*RI/IAN1 PATI5TLY 5DURE ALL MANN] ( VEXATION )\T US+ EV]Y AVAILABLE MEANS TO DEF5D HIMSELF & P]HAPS REMA9 A MORAL P]SON4 ,BUT 9 PRACTICE & MU* AGA9/ HIS WILL1 W\LD HE NOT BE SIMPLY T]RIFICALLY SELFI% IF HE W]E TO LET O!RS SUFF] OPPRESSION )\T TRY+ TO COME TO !IR DEF5SE8 ,IF1 SAY1 HIS PREF]5CE W]E TO SEE SOME CLASS GR\ND 9TO MIS]Y1 SOME PEOPLE D[NTRODD5 BY ! 9VAD]1 SOME MAN SUFF] TRESPASS AGA9/ HIS LIFE & LIB]TY1 RA!R ?AN ?AT A HAIR ON ! HEAD ( ! OPPRESSOR BE H>M$8 

,!RE MAY BE 9/ANCES 9 :I* PASSIVE RESI/ANCE IS AN EFFECTIVE WEAPON1 9 :I* CASE IT W\LD C]TA9LY BE ! MO/ COMM5DABLE WEAPON1 9 ?AT IT W\LD BE ! MO/ SP>+ ONE 9 T]MS ( HUMAN SUFF]+4 ,BUT 9 MO/ 9/ANCES1 PR(ESS+ PASSIVE RESI/ANCE AM\NTS TO ! OPPRESSORS' BE+ REASSUR$ AGA9/ ! FE> ( REBELLION & ?US A BETRAYAL ( ! CAUSE ( ! OPPRESS$4 

,ODD TO NOTE H[ ! T]RORI/S & ! ,TOL/OYANS1 PRECISELY BECAUSE !Y1 ONE & ALL1 >E MY/ICS1 >RIVE AT PRETTY MU* ! SAME PRACTICAL CONSEQU5CES4 ,?OSE :O W\LD NOT HESITATE TO DE/ROY HALF ( HUMANITY AS LONG AS ! IDEA EM]G$ TRIUMPHANT2 & ?OSE :O W\LD LET ! :OLE ( HUMANITY BE GR\ND D[N BY ! WEI<T ( ! GREATE/ SUFF]+ RA!R ?AN TRESPASS AGA9/ A PR9CIPLE4 

,AS = MYSELF1 ,I W\LD BREA* EV]Y PR9CIPLE 9 ! WORLD 9 ORD] TO SAVE SOMEONE2 9 :I* ,I W\LD 9 FACT BE UPHOLD+ A PR9CIPLE1 =1 AS ,I SEE IT1 ALL SOCIAL & SOCIOLOGICAL PR9CIPLES BOIL D[N1 ESS5TIALLY1 TO ONE3 ! WELF>E ( M51 ( ALL M54 

7,S\RCE3 ,TEXT FROM ,! ,ME?OD ( ,FRE$OM3 ,AN ,]RICO ,MALATE/A ,READ]1 $IT$ BY ,DAVIDE ,TURCATO1 TRANSLAT$ BY ,PAUL ,%>KEY FROM 0,]RORI E RIM$I10 ,L',AN>*IA1 ,LONDON1 ,AUGU/ #a#h#i#f47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JULY #c#a1 #ahif 3 ,]RORS ,& ,REM$IES -- ,PUBLICATION4 
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,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,]RORS ,& ,REM$IES -- ,UPDAT$4 

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