,ECONOMICS ( ! ,W> ,ECONOMY 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PAUL ,MATTICK 

,TEXT 3 

,S\RCE3 ,AM]ICAN ,SOCIALI/1 ,APRIL #a#i#e#i2 
,TRANSCRIB$3 BY ,ADAM ,BUICK4 

,E,V,] S9CE ,LORD ,KEYNES' DICTUM ?AT W>S--LIKE 
PYRAMID-BUILD+ & E>?QUAKES--MAY S]VE TO 9CREASE WEAL?1 IT HAS 
BE5 9CREAS+LY RECOGNIZ$ ?AT W> & PREP>ATION = W> >E NECESS>Y 
ASPECTS ( ! PREVAIL+ ECONOMY & A CONDITION ( ITS PROP] FUNCTION+4 
,BECAUSE1 9 REC5T HI/ORY1 ONLY 9FLATION & W> HAVE RESULT$ 9 FULL 
UTILIZATION ( PRODUCTIVE CAPACITIES1 ! QUE/ION HAS BE5 RAIS$ :E!R ?IS 
ASSOCIATION BETWE5 W> & FULL EMPLOYM5T IS AN ACCID5T OR A NECESSITY4 ,IT 
IS USUALLY ANSW]$ ) ! ASSURANCE ?AT1 AL?\< IT IS NO ACCID5T1 IT IS 
NOT A NECESSITY1 = GOV]NM5T EXP5DITURES CAN LEAD TO FULL EMPLOYM5T 
:E!R !Y >E GE>$ TO ! NE$S ( W> OR TO ! REQUIREM5TS ( PEACE4 
,) FULL EMPLOYM5T AS ! SOLE GOAL ( ECONOMIC ACTIVITY1 EV5 PEOPLE OPPOS$ 
TO W> DO NOT S]I\SLY OBJECT TO ! CREATION ( 'WEAL?' 9 ! 
=M ( >MAM5TS & MILIT>Y 9/ALLATION1 EV5 ?\< !Y MAY PREF] 
'WEAL?' 9 ! =M ( SOCIAL WELF>E4 

,QUITE 9DEP5D5T ( PREF]5CES1 GOV]NM5T SP5D+ 9CLUDES AN ALWAYS 
GR[+ AM\NT = PURPOSES ( DEF5SE4 ,! 'MILIT>Y WEAL?' ( 
! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES IS SAID TO EXCE$ @s#a#b#d BILLION4 ,?IS ',REAL & ,P]SONAL 
,PROP]TY ( ! ,DEF5SE ,DEP>TM5T' DOES NOT 9CLUDE 9VE/M5TS 9 
ATOMIC 5]GY E/IMAT$ AT @s#a#b4#e BILLION1 NOR ! PROP]TIES ( ! 
',NATIONAL ,PLANT & ,EQUIPM5T ,RES]VE1' NOR ! SUPPLIES & 
EQUIPM5T 9 OV]SEAS DEPOTS1 NOR ! MILIT>Y ASSI/ANCE TO ALLI$ & FAVOR$ 
NATIONS4 ,! GREAT BULK ( ! 9V5TORY CONSI/S ( ?+S ?AT CAN BE US$ 
UP1 WA/$1 OR ?AT WILL BECOME OBSOLETE4 ,! ,DEF5SE ,DEP>TM5T IS ACTUALLY A 
TREM5D\S BUS9ESS 5T]PRISE4 ,9 #a#i#e#e1 = 9/ANCE1 IT SP5T MORE ?AN @s#d#b 
BILLION1 OR AB\T ONE-SEV5? ( ! NATIONAL 9COME4 ,IT WAS DIRECTLY 
RESPONSIBLE = ! EMPLOYM5T ( CLOSE TO #d4#e MILLION PEOPLE1 OR AB\T #g 
P]C5T ( ! NATIONAL LABOR =CE4 

,AS ALWAYS1 SO N[1 TOO1 !RE IS MU* TALK ( CUTT+ GOV]NM5T SP5D+ 
& R$UC+ ! BUDGET DEFICIT4 ,?IS ECONOMY TALK1 H[EV]1 DOES NOT 9CLUDE 
SP5D+ = MILIT>Y PURPOSES4 ,ON ?IS PO9T BO? 'SAV]S' & 
'SP5D]S' ?9K ALIKE4 ,! 'DEF5SE E/ABLI%M5T1' AS 
! ,PRESID5T MADE CLE> REC5TLY1 'IS AN EXCEPTION TO ! G5]AL DESIRE 
( LIV+ )9 ! AM\NTS SET BY ! ,BUDGET ,BUREAU AFT] IT HAD CUT ! 
SP5D+ REQUE/S4' ,OPPOS+ ALL CUTS & >GU+ = 9CREAS$ 
GOV]NM5T SP5D+1 ,TRUMAN'S =M] *IEF ECONOMI/ ,LEON ,H4 ,KEYS]L+ 
F\ND IT NECESS>Y TO COMPLA9 ?AT 'WE REMA9 CONT5T ) A DEF5SE 
/R5G? F> BEL[ ! M9IMUM JUDG$ ESS5TIAL BY MO/ EXP]TS4' ,BUT 
!N1 SP5D+ = DEF5SE LOSES ITS S9I/] IMPLICATIONS :5 IT IS REF]R$ 
TO AS ''RIS+ CO/ ( PEACE4' 

,9CREAS$ CONTROL ( ! ECONOMY BY WAY ( GOV]NM5T SP5D+ SEEMS TO 
WORRY NOBODY1 P>TICUL>LY BECAUSE F> MORE ?AN HALF ( IT IS ?\<T TO S]VE 
NATIONAL DEF5SE4 ,DESPITE A HI< RATE ( GOV]NM5T SP5D+ !RE >E /ILL 
MILLIONS ( UNEMPLOY$ & IT WAS ONLY UND] CONDITIONS ( ACTUAL W>F>E1 9 
:I* NE>LY HALF ( ! NATIONAL PRODUCT S]V$ ! NE$S ( W>1 ?AT !RE 
WAS FULL EMPLOYM5T & FULL USE ( PRODUCTIVE CAPACITIES4 ,ORGANIZ$ LABOR WILL 
C]TA9LY NOT OBJECT TO 9CREAS$ GOV]NM5T SP5D+ = :ATEV] PURPOSES1 AS 
?IS MEANS JOBS & A BETT] POSITION AT ! B>GA9+ TABLE4 ,NEI!R BIG 
CORPORATIONS NOR SMALL 5TREPR5EURS OPPOSE 9CREAS$ DEF5SE EXP5DITURES1 NO 
MATT] H[ MU* !Y MAY OBJECT TO TAXATION & SOCIAL WELF>E1 S9CE SP5D+ 
= DEF5SE DOES NOT RE/RICT G5]AL M>KET DEM&4 ,AL?\< 
GOV]NM5T-F9ANC$ SOCIAL WELF>E S*EMES MAY 9T]F]E ) PRIVATE BUS9ESS 
9T]E/S1 9 MILIT>Y EXP5DITURES GOV]NM5T PROVIDES BO? SUPPLY & DEM& 
SIMULTANE\SLY & TAKES P>T ( ! SOCIAL PRODUCT \T ( ! M>KET+ 
PROCESS4 

,S9CE GOV]NM5T FUNDS PROP] CAN COME ONLY FROM TAXATION1 ADDITIONAL FUNDS 
MU/ BE BORR[$ FROM PRIVATE S\RCES4 ,DEFICIT F9ANC+1 :I* COV]S 
GOV]NM5T EXP5DITURES ?AT EXCE$ GOV]NM5T 9COME1 IS RESORT$ TO BY ! 
GOV]NM5T 9 BUY+ GOODS & S]VICES ?AT W\LD O!RWISE NOT BE B\<T4 
,?IS 9CREASES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY & EV5 ! PR(ITABILITY ( 5T]PRISES 
FILL+ GOV]N DEM&4 ,! 9CREASE ( ! NATIONAL DEBT IS LIMIT$ BY NATIONAL 
PRODUCTIVE RES\RCES4 ,DEFICIT F9ANC+ SIMPLY MEANS ?AT ! GOV]NM5T AVAILS 
ITSELF ( P>T ( MEANS ( PRODUCTION ?AT BELONG TO PRIVATE CAPITAL4 ,9CREAS$ 
PRODUCTION ?R\< GOV]NM5T 9ITIATIVE IS A K9D ( TEMPOR>Y 
'EXPROPRIATION' ( PRIVATE CAPITAL DEFICIT F9ANC+1 AS ! MEANS 
TO ?IS 5D1 GIVES ! 'EXPROPRIATION' ITS TEMPOR>Y *>ACT]4 ,! 
FUNDS BORR[$ BY GOV]NM5T >E ONLY MONET>Y EXPRESSIONS ( ITS P[] TO SET 
UNEMPLOY$ RES\RCES TO WORK4 ,! RIS+ NATIONAL DEBT 9DICATES ?AT ?IS 
P[] HAS BE5 GRANT$ ONLY TEMPOR>ILY & = A PRICE1 I4E41 9T]E/ PAID TO 
! BOND-HOLD]S4 ,& BECAUSE ! 'NATION AS A :OLE' /&S BEH9D 
! NATIONAL DEBT1 !RE >ISES ! POSSIBILITY ?AT 9T]E/S WILL BE PAID & 
BONDS WILL BE R$EEM$ IF ! NATIONAL 9COME RISES FA/] ?AN ! NATIONAL 
DEBT4 ,ALL ?AT ?IS MEANS IS ?AT 5\< NEW WEAL? MU/ BE CREAT$ TO C>E ( 
OLD OBLIGATIONS4 ,NEW WEAL? HAS TO COME \T NEW PRIVATE PRODUCTION2 :AT ! 
BONDHOLD]S GET BACK FROM ! GOV]NM5T1 !Y WILL !MSELVES HAVE TO PROVIDE 
EI!R BY PAY+ MORE TAXES OR BY SUBSCRIB+ TO NEW LOANS4 

,?IS SITUATION EXPLA9S ! RELUCTANCE ( PRIVATE 5T]PRISE SY/EMS TO 
5GAGE 9 DEFICIT F9ANC+1 & ( !IR GOV]NM5TS TO LIVE BEYOND ! 
BUDGET4 ,FUNDS GO+ TO GOV]NM5T CANNOT BE ACCUMULAT$ TO PRIVATE ACC\NT & 
IT IS1 !RE=E1 NOT 'POLICY' BUT NECESSITY :I* 9DUCES FREE 
5T]PRISE SY/EMS TO 9CREASE ! 'PUBLIC SECTOR' ( ! ECONOMY 
9 ANY DIRECTION4 ,( ALL DIRECTIONS1 H[EV]1 ?AT ( 9CREAS$ >MAM5TS 
APPE>S ! LEA/ OBNOXI\S BECAUSE ( ! TRADITIONAL ASSOCIATION ( CAPITAL 
EXPANSION ) MILIT>Y MI<T & BECAUSE IT SUPPORTS 'G5U9E' 
CAPITAL =MATION 9 SO F> AS IT SUBSIDIZES ! SUPPLI]S ( GOV]NM5T DEM& 
AT ! EXP5SE ( ! NATIONAL ECONOMY AS A :OLE4 

,! 'DEF5SE E/ABLI%M5T' IS AN EXCEPTION TO ! G5]AL DESIRE 
TO LIVE )9 ! GOV]NM5T BUDGET BECAUSE IT IS ! LEA/ OBNOXI\S ( ALL 
PUBLIC 5DEAVORS4 ,BUT IT IS SUBJECT NOT ONLY TO NATIONAL DECISIONS BUT IS 
DET]M9$ WAS BY 9T]NATIONAL P[] /RUGGLES4 ,?IS1 ( C\RSE1 IS EQUALLY 
TRUE = ALL COMPET+ NATIONS1 OR P[] BLOCS1 & 5ABLES EA* TO BLAME ! 
O!R = ! >MAM5TS RACE4 ,JOBS - ,9T]NATIONAL COMPETITION CONTRADICTS 
'PLANN+ T5D5CIES' 9 FREE 5T]PRISE SY/EMS--OR 
'MIX$ ECONOMIES' RA!R--AS WELL AS /ATE PLANN+ 9 
TOTALIT>IAN C\NTRIES4 ,= IT IS ! COMPETITIVE PROCESS ITSELF :I* 
DET]M9ES ! *>ACT] & EXT5T ( ! V>I\S 'DEF5SE 
E/ABLI%M5TS4' ,TO EXP& OR CONTRACT >MAM5TS PRODUCTION IS !N NOT A 
QUE/ION ( *OICE1 BUT IS DET]M9$ BY ! APP>5T IMPOSSIBILITY ( REA*+ 
9T]NATIONAL COOP]ATION UND] CONDITIONS ( NATIONAL & SOCIAL ANTAGONISMS 
&1 ( C\RSE1 BY ! >MAM5TS TE*NOLOGY :I* DET]M9ES ! SIZE ( ! 
DEF5SE BUDGETS4 

,SPECULATION REG>D+ FUTURE RELATION%IPS BETWE5 DEF5SE REQUIREM5TS & 
NATIONAL PRODUCTION SEEMS RA!R IDLE1 AS ! DET]M9+ FACTOR ) REG>D TO 
DEF5SE CANNOT BE ASC]TA9$ 9 ADVANCE4 ,MOREOV]1 AT ANY TIME N[ PREP>ATION 
= W> MAY TURN 9TO W>1 DESPITE A G5]AL DESIRE = PEACE4 ,! ASSUMPTION 
?AT PEACE WILL PREVAIL RE/S ON ! C]TA9TY ?AT ! >MAM5TS RACE WILL 
ALSO PREVAIL IF ONLY TO SAFEGU>D ! EXI/+ >M$ PEACE4 ,?IS1 9 TURN1 
SAFEGU>DS ! /ATUS QUO 9 9T]NATIONAL P[] RELATIONS & !RE) ! 
/ATUS QUO ( SOCIAL RELATION%IPS )9 ! GREAT P[]S & )9 ! 
NATIONS UND] !IR CONTROL4 

,H[EV]1 ! 'P]MAN5T W> ECONOMY' HAS LO/ SOME ( ! HORROR 
PREVI\SLY ASSOCIAT$ ) IT1 AT ANY RATE 9 ,AM]ICA4 ,= ,AM]ICA'S 
CAPACITY TO PRODUCE IS SU* ?AT IT C\LD SUPPORT W> PRODUCTION & A HI< 
DEF5SE BUDGET )\T L[]+ ! LIV+ /&>DS ( ! BROAD MASSES4 ,?IS 
IS NOT TRUE = O!R NATIONS :I* NE$ ,AM]ICAN SUPPORT TO MA9TA9 !IR 
DEF5SE PROGRAMS1 & IT HAS NOT BE5 TRUE = TOTALIT>IAN C\NTRIES /ILL 
=C$ TO ACCUMULATE CAPITAL AT A FA/] RATE ?AN !Y CAN IMPROVE LIV+ 
/&>DS4 ,& BECAUSE1 FROM A MAT]IAL-TE*NICAL PO9T ( VIEW1 !RE IS 
NO?+ TO H9D] A FUR!R GR[? ( ,AM]ICAN PRODUCTIVITY1 A /EADY 9CREASE 
( DEF5SE EXP5DITURES NE$ NOT NECESS>ILY LEAD TO A FUTURE L[]+ ( 
LIV+ /&>DS4 ,?IS IS POSSIBLE ) A G5]AL ECONOMIC EXPANSION :I* 
ALL[S = BO? SUFFICI5T CAPITAL =MATION & 9CREAS$ GOV]NM5T 
BUDGETS4 

,9 A PR(IT PRODUC+ ECONOMY1 H[EV]1 ! MAT]IAL-TE*NICAL POSSIBILITY 
= FUR!R EXPANSION IS NOT 5\< TO MAKE ?IS EXPANSION A C]TA9TY4 ,IF1 = 
EXAMPLE1 A PR(ITABLE CAPITAL =MATION %\LD REQUIRE =EIGN EXPANSION & IF 
! >EAS 9 QUE/ION %\LD BE UND] ! CONTROL ( COMPET+ SOCIAL SY/EMS 
OR NATIONS1 CAPITAL =MATION W\LD BE POSSIBLE ONLY 9 VIOLATION ( ! PR(IT 
PR9CIPLE4 ,IT IS = ?IS REASON ?AT ! FUTURE GR[? ( ! ,AM]ICAN ECONOMY 
IS 5VISION$1 TO QUOTE ,KEYS]L+ ONCE MORE1 ?R\< 'PRIVATE & PUBLIC 
ECONOMIC ADJU/M5TS .<:I*.> CON/ANTLY RE9=CE & SUPPLEM5T ONE 
ANO!R'2 AVOID+ 'BO? '! VIRTUAL M]G] ( PUBLIC & 
PRIVATE ACTION :I* NECESS>ILY OCCURR$ DUR+ W>TIME1 & ! OPPOSITE 
EXTREME :I* FAILS SUFFICI5TLY TO RECOGNIZE ?AT1 :ILE !RE >E MANY 
SEGM5TS 9 \R ECONOMIC LIFE1 !RE IS 9 ! F9AL ANALYSIS ONLY ONE 
,AM]ICA4' 

,IT IS TRUE ?AT !RE EXI/S ONLY ONE ,AM]ICA4 ,IT IS JU/ AS TRUE ?AT H] 
'MANY SEGM5TS' REPRES5T AN EQUAL NUMB] ( P>TICUL>I/IC & 
CONTRADICTORY 9T]E/S :I* EXCLUDE A COMMON ECONOMIC POLICY BY CONS5T4 ,:5 
! RATE ( PRIVATE CAPITAL =MATION IS TOO L[ TO GU>ANTEE /ABLE SOCIAL 
CONDITIONS1 & :5 ! LATT] >E AN 9ESCAPABLE NECESSITY BECAUSE ( ! 
,UNIT$ ,/ATES' POSITION )9 ! WORLD POLITICAL SITUATION1 ECONOMIC 
ACTIVITY WILL BE SUPPORT$ BY GOV]NM5T ACTION ) OR )\T G5]AL 
CONS5T4 ,UNLESS REC5T TR5DS %\LD BE REV]S$1 ! NE$ = GOV]NM5T 
9T]V5TION WILL 9CREASE & !RE) ! GOV]NM5T-CONTROLL$ SECTOR ( 
! ECONOMY4 ,TO *OOSE ONE EXAMPLE3 GOV]NM5T PUR*ASES ( GOODS & S]VICES 
9 #aibi ACC\NT$ = #i P]C5T ( ! GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT2 9 #aieb !Y 
ACC\NT$ = #b P]C5T 7! W>-TIME HI< WAS #de P]C5T74 ,AL?\< SL[1 ! 
RISE WAS P]SI/5T & ! PROBABILITY ( ! TR5D CONT9U+ IS F> GREAT] 
?AN = ITS >RE/ OR REV]SAL4 

,! 5D PRODUCT ( CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION IS AN 5L>G$ CAPITAL4 ,! 5D 
PRODUCT ( A GOV]NM5T-FO/]$ EXPANSION ( PRODUCTION IS ALSO A L>G] 
PRODUCTIVE APP>ATUS4 ,BUT ?\< NOM9ALLY 9 ! H&S ( PRIVATE CAPITAL1 IT 
CAN BE FULLY UTILIZ$ ONLY AT ! COMM& ( GOV]NM5T4 ,FROM ! FREE 
5T]PRISE PO9T ( VIEW1 PRODUCTION :I* ! GOV]NM5T COMM&S1 :E!R 9 
! =M ( PUBLIC WORKS OR >MAM5TS1 FALLS 9TO ! SPH]E ( 
'CONSUMPTION1' = LIKE CONSUMPTION PROP]1 PUBLIC WORKS & 
>MAM5TS DO NOT CON/ITUTE1 & DO NOT ADD TO1 ! ACCUMULAT$ CAPITALI/ 
WEAL?4 ,YET FROM ! FREE 5T]PRISE PO9T ( VIEW ?IS IS /ILL BETT] ?AN 
GOV]NM5T-SPONSOR$ PRODUCTION = P]SONAL MEANS ( CONSUMPTION :I* W\LD 
ALT] NOT ONLY ! VOLUME BUT ALSO ! DIRECTION ( PRODUCTION4 ,MORE ( ! 
TOTAL SOCIAL EF=T W\LD DISAPPE> 9 DIRECT CONSUMPTION 9/EAD ( 9 
ADDITIONAL MEANS ( PRODUCTION & MILIT>Y /R5G?4 ,& S9CE IT IS ! 
FUNCTION ( GOV]NM5T TO MA9TA9 ITSELF BY MA9TA9+ ! EXI/+ SOCIAL 
SY/EM1 ITS ECONOMIC POLICY MU/ S]VE ! LATT] & MU/ !RE=E BE SO 
DESIGN$ 9 ORD] TO DO ! LEA/ DAMAGE TO ! PRIVATE 5T]PRISE SY/EM4 ,?IS 
IT DOES BY DIRECT+ GOV]NM5T-9DUC$ PRODUCTION 9 9CREAS+ MEASURE 9TO 
>MAM5T *ANNELS1 9TO PRODUCTION = DE/RUCTIVE PURPOSES1 9TO 
WA/E-PRODUCTION4 

,:ILE GOV]NM5T-9DUC$ PRODUCTION HELPS TO OV]COME ! H>MFUL SOCIAL 
CONSEQU5CES ( AN 9SUFFICI5T RATE ( PRIVATE CAPITAL =MATION1 IT ALSO 
MAKES IT MORE DIFFICULT TO OV]COME ! RELATIVE /AGNATION ( PRIVATE 
9VE/M5TS4 ,IT R$UCES !IR PR(ITABILITY & H9D]S *ANGES ( ! EXI/+ 
CAPITAL /RUCTURE SU* AS OCCUR 9 PROLONG$ P]IODS ( DEPRESSION4 ,AT ANY 
RATE1 ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( ! MIX$ ECONOMY' PO9TS TO 9SURM\NTABLE 
DIFFICULTIES 9 ! WAY ( PRIVATE CAPITAL =MATION & TO A RELATIVELY FA/] 
GR[? ( ! 'PUBLIC' OV] ! 'PRIVATE' SECTOR ( ! 
ECONOMY4 ,& ?IS1 9 TURN1 IMPLIES ! P]MAN5T & /EADY GR[? ( ! 
ECONOMY AS A W> PRODUCTION ECONOMY4 

,BUT AS /AT$ BE=E1 SO LONG AS ! GR[? ( WA/E-PRODUCTION DOES NOT 
9FR+E UPON CU/OM>Y LIV+ /&>DS1 IT WILL HAVE NO DIRECTLY P]CEPTIBLE 
EFFECTS O!R ?AN ! 9CREAS+ MILIT>IZATION ( SOCIAL LIFE--SO 
PLEAS+ TO SOME & SO OBNOXI\S TO O!RS4 ,YET1 ! /ATUS QUO IT IS 9T5D$ 
TO SECURE CANNOT REALLY BE MA9TA9$4 ,:ILE *ANGE IS >RE/$ 9 ONE 
DIRECTION1 IT OCCURS 9 ANO!R4 ,! 'MIX$ ECONOMY1' 9 :I* ! 
GOV]NM5T ATTEMPTS TO SAFEGU>D PRIVATE 5T]PRISE1 *ANGES 9TO A 
GOV]NM5T-CONTROLL$ ECONOMY ?AT TOL]ATES PRIVATE CAPITAL4 ,! 9CREAS+ 
ROLE ( GOV]NM5T BY WAY ( >MAM5TS PRODUCTION BR+S 9TO BE+ NEW 
POLITICAL =CES 9T]E/$ 9 ! MA9T5ANCE & FUR!R EXPANSION ( 
GOV]NM5T CONTROL4 ,:ILE SOME SOCIAL 9T]E/ GR\PS >E /ILL BE/ S]V$ 9 
A PURELY PRIVATE 5T]PRISE SY/EM1 O!RS HAVE ALREADY LITTLE OR NO?+ TO 
LOSE FROM ! EXT5SION ( GOV]NM5T CONTROLS1 & /ILL O!RS MAY PR(IT 
DIRECTLY !REBY4 ,!SE GR\PS >E SUPPORT$ BY SOCIAL ATTITUDES %>$ BY 
L>GE LAY]S ( ! POPULATION :O ACTUAL LIFE MAY REMA9 UNAFFECT$ BY 
:ATEV] *ANGE TAKES PLACE4 

,! CONC5TRATION & C5TRALIZATION ( ECONOMIC P[] EXT5DS 9TO ! 
POLITICAL SPH]E4 ,!RE N[ EXI/S RELATIVELY SMALL GR\P ( CAPITALI/S1 
F9ANCI]S1 MANAGE POLITICIANS1 MILIT>I/S1 & LABOR LEAD]S ABLE TO 
DET]M9E SOCIAL ACTIVITY BY VIRTUE ( !IR OV]:ELM+ 9FLU5CE OV] ! 
ECONOMY AS A :OLE1 9CLUD+ ! DEF5SE E/ABLI%M5T4 ,! CELEBRAT$ 
',PEOPLE'S ,CAPITALISM' IS AN 9DICATION ?AT PEOPLE SEE 
!MSELVES ACTUALLY OR POT5TIALLY AS MEMB]S ( ! CAPITALI/ CLASS2 RA!R1 
IT SPR+S FROM ! GR[+ REALIZATION ?AT1 UND] CONDITIONS AS ! >E N[ 
EM]G+1 ! TRADITIONAL CAPITALI/ IS DOOM$ TO EXT9CTION4 ,9DIVIDUALISM 
EVAPORATES 9 ! TE/ ( EXP]I5CE2 PRIVILEGES >E S\<T = 9 9CREAS+ 
MEASURE NO SO MU* = ! AMASS+ & POSSESS+ ( CAPITALI/ PROP]TY AS 
= ! CONTROL ( KEY POSITIONS 9 9DU/RY1 COMM]CE1 POLITICS1 OR 
GOV]NM5T4 ,) GOV]NM5T ITSELF BE COM+ ! L>GE/ ( ALL BUS9ESSES1 
S]VICE TO ! /ATE BECOMES MORE ATTRACTIVE & REMUN]ATIVE4 ,OBJECTIVELY 
!N1 ! MASS ( ! POPULATION IS QUITE READY TO ACCEPT A MORE RADICAL *ANGE 
FROM ! PRIVATE 5T]PRISE TO ! /ATE-CONTROLL$ ECONOMY--TO SAY 
NO?+ ( ! AMBITION-LESS & PROP]TY-LESS LAY]S ( ! POPULATION :O 
HAVE NO REAL /AKE 9 ! ISSUE AT ALL4 ,9 ?IS OBJECTIVE READ9ESS LIES ! 
DANG] = ! RUL+ GR\PS1 = 9 ANY P]IOD ( ECONOMIC /RESS1 IT MAY F9D 
EXPRESSION 9 POLITICAL ATTITUDES :I* W\LD =CE ! FREE 5T]PRISE SY/EM 
9TO FUR!R RETREAT & GIVE NEW IMPETUS TO ?OSE SOCIAL =CE ?AT >E 
/E]+ T[>DS A /ATE CAPITALI/ ECONOMY4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

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,M>* #b1 #bba 3 ,ECONOMICS ( ! ,W> ,ECONOMY -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,ECONOMICS ( ! ,W> ,ECONOMY -- ,UPDAT$4 

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