,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #ai ,EMILI5NE1 ,B]!1 & ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,ABEL ,PAZ ,TEXT 3 ,*,A,P,T,] ,X,I,X4 ,EMILI5NE1 ,B]!1 & ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO ,AL?\< ! ,FR5* GOV]NM5T FRE$ ! ?REE AN>*I/S1 IT ALSO RUL$ ?AT !Y HAD TO LEAVE ! C\NTRY )9 FIFTE5 DAYS4 ,:]E %\LD !Y GO8 ,! ,ASYLUM ,SUPPORT ,COMMITTEE FRANTICALLY BEGAN TRY+ TO GET !M AN 5TRANCE VISA = ANY ,EUROPEAN C\NTRY4 ,NONE ( ! EMBASSIES REFUS$ !IR REQUE/ \TRI?1 BEYOND ! LAW1 AS !Y W]E ACCU/OM$4 ,BUT ,GREGORIO ,JOV] HAD A FAMILY TO ?9K AB\T & NE$$ TO F9D A SOLUTION ?AT W\LD KEEP HIS COMPAN]A & TWO *ILDR5 AT HIS SIDE4 ,HE RESOLV$ ! PROBLEM ) SOME FALSE DOCUM5TS1 :I* 5ABL$ HIM TO SETTLE 9 ,BEZI]S1 :]E HE SUPPORT$ HIMSELF AS A CAB9ETMAK]4 ,UNEMPLOY$1 ,DURRUTI & ,ASCASO SP5T !IR AFT]NOONS 9 ! ,AN>*I/ ,BOOK/ORE1 LOCAT$ ON ,PRAIRIES ,/REET 9 ! ,M5ILMONTANT NEIIS'S DI/RICT ,X,X4 ,!Y BECAME CLOSE ) TWO ,FR5* AN>*I/S !RE1 ) :OM !Y LAT] =M$ FREE UNIONS4 ,!SE Y\NG WOM5 W]E ,EMILI5NE ,MOR91 :O BECAME ,DURRUTI'S COMPAN]A1 & ,B]! ,FAV]T1 :O BEGAN A RELATION%IP ) ,ASCASO4 ,!Y ALSO MET ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO DUR+ ?IS TIME4 ,MAKHNO WAS A PROM95T MILITANT AMONG ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S & A FIGURE ( ! FIR/ ORD] 9 ! REVOLUTION ?AT OCCURR$ 9 HIS C\NTRY 9 #a#i#a#g4 ,HIS ACTIVITY 9 ! ,UKRA9E UP TO ,AUGU/ #aiba IS DEEPLY TR\BL+ = BO? LEFT & RIE A DESIRE TO CONCEAL ANY 9=MATION RELEVANT TO ?IS TABOO TOPIC4 ,9 ! HI/ORY ( PROLET>IAN /RUGGLES1 ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO IS P]HAPS ! ONLY AN>*I/ TO TRIGG] A REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T ?AT REALIZ$ ! AN>*I/ VISION ( A SOCIETY )\T POLITICAL AU?ORITY4 ,HE F\S1 :ILE ! ,UKRA9E1 AL?\< IMM]S$ 9 W>1 LIV$ \T A DRAMATIC EXP]IM5T 9 LIB]T>IAN SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T4 ,BEG9N+ ) ONLY A H&FUL ( M51 ,MAKHNO BUILT A P[]FUL PEASANT >MY ?AT RESI/$ ! ,G]MAN 9VAD]S :O 5T]$ ! ,UKRA9E AFT] ,TROTSKY SIGN$ A PEACE AGREEM5T ) ,G]MANY4 ,MAKHNO'S TW5TY-FIVE ?\S& MAN >MY WAS ! ONLY =CE FIMY 9TO ! ,UKRA9E & FEIGN$ A DEAL ) ,MAKHNO AGREE+ TO RESPECT ! ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN /RUCTURE ( ! SOVIETS 9 ! >EA4 ,BUT 9 REALITY NEI!R ,TROTSKY1 ! ,COMMISSION] ( ,W>1 NOR ,L591 LEAD] ( ! NEW ,SOVIET /ATE1 W\LD TOL]ATE ?IS AN>*I/ EXP]IM5T1 ESPECIALLY :5 ITS SUCCESSES %>PLY ACC5TUAT$ ! >BITR>9ESS & DESPOTISM ( ,BOL%EVIK RULE 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,! MOVEM5T 9 ! ,UKRA9E1 & ALSO ! ONE AMONG ! ,KRON/&T SAILORS1 WAS DE/9$ TO BE ! SWAN SONG ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION4 ,! ,UKRA9IAN D5\EM5T BEGAN 9 ! F9AL MON?S ( #aib :5 ! ,BOL%EVIK GOV]NM5T SET A TRAP = A GR\P ( LEAD]S FROM ! 0MAKHNOVI*9A40 ,US+ AN 9VITATION TO P>TICIPATE 9 A ,MILIT>Y ,C\NCIL AS A PRETEXT1 !Y W]E SUMMON$ TO A SPECIFIC LOCATION & !N >RE/$ & EXECUT$ BY ! ,*EKA 7,SOVIET SECRET POLICE74 ,! ,BOL%EVIKS US$ A SIMIL> PLOY AGA9/ ! DETA*M5TS FIALLEL TO !SE TWO ATTACKS ON ! 0MAKHNOVI*9A10 ,TROTSKY S5T AN >MY ( #a#e1 M5 TO CRU% ,MAKHNO'S >MY 9 ! ,UKRA9E4 ,MAKHNO'S DUAL /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! ,R$ ,>MY & ! 0,:ITES0 LA/$ = N9E MON?S4 ,ULTIMATELY1 9 ,AUGU/ #a#i#b#a1 ,MAKHNO & A H&FUL ( HIS COMRADES HAD TO AB&ON ! /RUGGLE & FL$ TO ,ROMANIA1 :]E !Y W]E IMPRISON$4 ,AFT] ESCAP+ FROM ,ROMANIA1 ,MAKHNO W5T TO ,POL&1 :]E HE WAS TRI$ BUT ABSOLV$4 ,?ANKS TO ! EF=TS ( ,RUDOLF ,ROCK]1 ,VOL9E1 & ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN1 HE WAS ABLE TO 5T] ,G]MANY 9 #a#i#b#d4 ,HE F9ALLY SETTL$ 9 ,P>IS 9 #a#i#b#e4 ,EXILE = A MAN ( ACTION LIKE ,MAKHNO WAS DEA?4 ,HE WAS ONLY ?IRTY-FIVE1 BUT ALREADY EXHAU/$ BY W> & ! MULTIPLE 9JURIES HE HAD SUFF]$4 ,HIS MO/ PA9FUL W\ND WAS ! DEFEAT ( ! MOVEM5T ?AT HE L$ & ALSO ! 5DLESS TORR5T ( LIES P\R$ UPON HIM & ! ,UKRA9E BY ! ,BOL%EVIKS4 ,?IS1 AS WELL AS HIS AU!NTICALLY ,RUSSIAN *>ACT]1 MADE IT DIFFICULT = HIM TO ADAPT TO ,FRANCE & ITS CU/OMS4 ,MAKHNO HAD HE>D TALK ( ,DURRUTI & ,ASCASO & !IR ADV5TURES & HAD FOLL[$ !IR TRIAL 9 ,P>IS4 ,:5 HE LE>N$ ?AT !Y WANT$ TO MEET HIM1 HE AGRE$ TO RECEIVE !M 9 ! MODE/ HOTEL ROOM HE %>$ ) HIS DAUIES :O F\IAN IDEAS & TO PAY HOMAGE TO Y\R /RUGGLE 9 ! ,UKRA9E1 :I* HAS MEANT SO MU* TO ALL ( US40 ,DURRUTI'S WORDS .<,ASCASO WROTE LAT].> HAD A PR(\ND EFFECT ON ! DESPOND5T W>RIOR4 ,! SMALL BUT BURLY MAN SEEM$ TO FEEL REVIV$4 ,! P5ETRAT+ />E ( HIS OBLIQUE EYES DEMON/RAT$ !RE WAS /ILL A VIGOR\S SPIRIT HIDD5 9 HIS SICK BODY4 0,CONDITIONS >E BETT] 9 ,SPA9 ?AN 9 ,RUSSIA10 ,MAKHNO SAID1 0= C>RY+ \T A REVOLUTION ) A /RONG AN>*I/ CONT5T1 GIV5 ?AT !RE IS A PEASANTRY & PROLET>IAT ) A GREAT REVOLUTION>Y TRADITION4 ,P]HAPS Y\R REVOLUTION WILL >RIVE E>LY 5\< = ME TO HAVE ! PLEASURE ( SEE+ A LIV+ AN>*ISM 9SPIR$ BY ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION6 ,Y\ HAVE A S5SE ( ORGANIZATION 9 ,SPA9 ?AT \R MOVEM5T LACK$2 ORGANIZATION IS ! F\NDATION ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,?AT'S :Y ,I NOT ONLY ADMIRE ! ,IB]IAN AN>*I/ MOVEM5T BUT ALSO ?9K ?AT IT'S ! ONLY ONE PRES5TLY CAPABLE ( MAK+ A DEEP] REVOLUTION ?AN ! ,BOL%EVIKS' :ILE ALSO AVOID+ ! BUREAUCRATISM ?AT ?REAT5$ !IRS FROM ! \TSET4 ,BUT Y\ HAVE TO WORK H>D TO PRES]VE ?AT S5SE ( ORGANIZATION & DON'T LET ?OSE :O ?9K ?AT AN>*ISM IS A !ORY CLOS$ TO LIFE DE/ROY IT4 ,AN>*ISM IS NEI!R SECT>IAN NOR DOGMATIC4 ,IT'S !ORY 9 ACTION4 ,IT DOESN'T HAVE A PRE-DET]M9$ WORLDVIEW4 ,IT'S A FACT ?AT AN>*ISM IS MANIFE/ HI/ORICALLY 9 ALL ( MAN'S ATTITUDES1 9DIVIDUALLY OR COLLECTIVELY4 ,IT'S A =CE 9 ! M>* ( HI/ORY ITSELF3 ! =CE ?AT PU%ES IT =W>D40 ,! CONV]SATION WAS TIR+ = ,MAKHNO1 P>TICUL>LY BECAUSE ( ! LANGUAGE DIFFICULTIES4 ,HIS FRI5D ,D[9SKY PROVID$ A SIMULTANE\S TRANSLATION1 BUT HE /ILL LO/ ! ?READ ( HIS ?\DS' FACES TO SEE H[ !Y RESPOND$ TO HIS COMM5TS4 ,OV] ! C\RSE ( SEV]AL H\RS1 ,MAKHNO %>$ DETAILS ( ! /RUGGLE 9 ! ,UKRA9E ) ,DURRUTI & ,ASCASO4 ,HE SPOKE AB\T ! NUANCES ( !IR COMMUNAL EXP]I5CES & ! NATURE ( ! SOVIETS 9 ?AT LIB]T>IAN REGION DUR+ HIS YE>S ( ACTIVITY4 ,HE SAID3 ,\R AGR>IAN COMMUNE 9 ! ,UKRA9E WAS ACTIVE1 9 ! ECONOMIC AS MU* AS POLITICAL T]RA91 & )9 ! F$]AL & MUTUALLY SUPPORTIVE SY/EM ?AT WE'D CREAT$4 ,!RE WAS NO P]SONAL EGOISM 9 ! COMMUNES2 !Y RELI$ ON SOLID>ITY1 AT ! LOCAL AS WELL AS REGIONAL LEVEL4 ,\R SUCCESSES MADE IT CLE> ?AT !RE W]E DIFF]5T SOLUTIONS TO ! PEASANT PROBLEM ?AN ?OSE IMPOS$ BY ! ,BOL%EVIKS4 ,!RE W\LDN'T HAVE BE5 ! TRAGIC DIVIDE BETWE5 ! C\NTRYSIDE & CITY IF ! RE/ ( ! C\NTRY HAD PRACTIC$ \R ME?ODS4 ,WE W\LD HAVE SAV$ ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE YE>S ( HUNG] & PREV5T$ ! PO9TLESS CONFLICTS BETWE5 WORK]S & PEASANTS4 ,&1 MO/ IMPORTANTLY1 ! REVOLUTION W\LD HAVE TAK5 A DIFF]5T R\TE4 ,CRITICS SAY ?AT \R SY/EM WAS UNSU/A9ABLE & C\LDN'T GR[ BECAUSE ( ITS PEASANT & >TISANAL BASE4 ,?AT'S NOT TRUE4 ,\R COMMUNES W]E MIX$--AGRICULTURAL & 9DU/RIAL--& SOME W]E EV5 SPECIFICALLY 9DU/RIAL4 ,BUT IT WAS SOME?+ ELSE ?AT MADE \R SY/EM /RONG3 ! REVOLUTION>Y P>TICIPATION & 5?USIASM ( EV]YONE1 :I* MADE SURE ?AT A NEW BUREAUCRACY DIDN'T EM]GE4 ,WE W]E ALL FIY AFFAIRS1 IT WAS ! W> COMMITTEE1 9 :I* ALL ! UNITS W]E REPRES5T$4 ,:AT WAS MO/ IMPORTANT TO US WAS ?AT EV]YONE %>$ 9 ! COLLECTIVE WORK3 ?AT WAS A WAY TO /OP A RUL+ CA/E FROM MONOPOLIZ+ P[]4 ,?AT'S H[ WE UNIT$ !ORY & PRACTICE4 ,& IT'S BECAUSE WE %[$ ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIKS' TACTICS W]E UNNECESS>Y ?AT ,TROTSKY & ,L59 S5T ! ,R$ ,>MY TO FIILY1 BUT HI/ORY WILL V9DICATE US ONE DAY & CONDEMN ! GRAV$IGG]S ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION4 ,MAKHNO SEEM$ P>TICUL>LY FATIGU$ :5 DISCUSS+ EV5TS ?AT W]E PA9FUL = HIM4 ,AT ONE PO9T1 HE SI<$ & EXCLAIM$3 0,I HOPE ?AT Y\'LL DO BETT] ?AN US :5 ! TIME COMES40 ,:5 HE SAID GOODBYE TO ! TWO ,SPANI>DS1 HE SAID3 0,MAKHNO HAS NEV] REFUS$ A FI ,! TIME ALLOCAT$ BY ,FR5* AU?ORITIES WAS N[ EXHAU/$ & POLICE TOOK ,DURRUTI & ,ASCASO TO ! ,BELGIAN BORD] ON ,JULY #b#c1 #a#i#b#g4 ,?IS WAS ! BEG9N+ ( A LEGAL COM$Y ?AT ! TWO M5 HAD TO 5DURE 9 ALL ITS TIRESOME DEVELOPM5T4 ,:5 ! ,FR5* POLICE BR\DS TO ! BORD]1 ! ,BELGIANS REFUS$ TO ADMIT ! 0DANG]\S AN>*I/S0 TO !IR C\NTRY4 ,! POLICE !N TOOK ,ASCASO & ,DURRUTI TO A ,FR5* BORD] PO/ & PATI5TLY WAIT$ = NIKNESS1 !Y SMUGGL$ ! UNDESIRABLES 9TO ,BELGIUM4 ,?IS IS H[ !Y 5D$ UP 9 ,BRUSSELS4 ,A ,BELGIAN AN>*I/ NAM$ ,HEM ,DAY RECEIV$ !M & PUT !M UP 9 A PA9T+ WORK%OP4 ,HE HAD HOPES ?AT ! GOV]NM5T W\LD GRANT !M POLITICAL ASYLUM4 ,! LA/ WEEK ( ,JULY PASS$ SL[LY1 :ILE !Y ANXI\SLY WAIT$ = !IR UNC]TA9 LEGAL SITUATION TO 5D4 ,IT WAS 9 LATE ,AUGU/ :5 ,DURRUTI & ,ASCASO LE>N$ ( ! SAD CONCLUSION TO ! ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI AFFAIR4 ,NO?+ HAD DET]R$ ! AU?ORITIES 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,! 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT ROSE UP 9 ACTS ( SOLID>ITY ) ! ,ITALIAN AN>*I/S DUR+ ! ?REE DAYS PREC$+ !IR EXECUTION1 BUT EV]Y?+ WAS 9 VA94 ,!Y W]E KILL$ BY ELECTRIC *AIR 9 ! FIR/ M9UTES ( ! FIR/ H\R ( ,AUGU/ #b#c1 #a#i#b#g4 ,NICOLA ,SACCO WAS KILL$ AT N9ETE5 M9UTES & ,B>TOLOME ,VANZETTI AT ! TW5TY-SIX? M9UTE4 ,!SE TWO M5 HAD CAPTUR$ WORLD ATT5TION = SIX YE>S & N[ REMA9 9 HI/ORY AS EXAMPLES ( REVOLUTION>Y DEFIANCE & RECTITUDE4 ,ASCASO & ,DURRUTI W]E NOT ! TYPE ( MILITANTS TO CURTAIL !IR RADICALISM & ASK = CLEM5CY FROM A VICTOR AFT] LOS+ A BATTLE4 ,!Y HAD NEV] D5I$ !IR 9T5TION TO FREE ! ,SPANI% PEOPLE ( ,ALFONSO ,X,I,I,I NOR HAD !Y ASK$ ! ,FR5* GOV]NM5T = M]CY OR O!RWISE REP5T$ !IR GOALS4 ,ALL !Y DEM&$ WAS ?AT ! GOV]NM5T APPLIES ITS [N LAWS4 ,NO?+ MORE4 ,& MATT]S W]E CLE>1 EXTREMELY CLE>1 9 ! CASE ( ,SACCO & ,VANZETTI3 ! DOM9ANT CLASS WAS CAUS+ A SOCIAL W> BY KILL+ ! TWO M54 ,AS F> AS !Y W]E CONC]N$1 IT W\LD BE 0AN EYE = AN EYE1 A TOO? = A TOO?40 ,SEV]9O DI ,GIOVANNI C]TA9LY FELT ?IS WAY3 HE LAUN*$ DYNAMITE ATTACKS AGA9/ ,YANKEE CAPITALI/ 9T]E/S 9 ,>G5T9A4 ,:ILE ,DURRUTI & ,ASCASO REFLECT$ ON ! TURN ?AT !IR LIVES HAD TAK51 9 HOPES ( EXTRACT+ SOME?+ POSITIVE1 ! ,BELGIAN POLICE SURPRIS$ !M ONE DAY 9 LATE ,AUGU/4 ,! POLICE DIDN'T BO!R TO >RE/ !M = 5T]+ ! C\NTRY ILLEGALLY4 ,9/EAD1 IMITAT+ !IR ,FR5* COLLEAGUES1 !Y BR\*$ ! HOMES ( ALL ,FR5* OR ,SPANI% AN>*I/S LIKELY TO GIVE !M %ELT]4 ,DURRUTI & ,ASCASO CONSID]$ LIV+ 9 ,P>IS CL&E/9ELY1 BUT ! CON/ANT RISK ( >RE/ MADE LIFE UNBE>ABLE !RE4 ,& IF ! POLICE DETA9$ !M AGA91 !Y C\LD %IP !M DIRECTLY & SECRETLY TO ,SPA94 ,:AT TO DO8 ,! PROVISIONAL SOLUTION CAME FROM SOMEONE :O F\ND !M REFUGE 9 ,JOIGNY1 A SMALL T[N 9 ! DEP>TM5T ( ,YONNE1 :]E A MILITANT PACIFI/ NAM$ ,EMILE ,B\*ET LIV$4 ,%E TOOK !M 9 )\T HESITATION4 ,B\*ET LAT] COMM5T$3 ,I ACCEPT$ ! DUTY ( SAV+ !SE TWO ,SPANI% MILITANTS :O W]E CORN]$ BY ! ,FR5* POLICE4 ,I HID !M 9 MY H\SE1 :]E !Y LIV$ = TWO MON?S1 %>+ 9 \R LABORS & JOYS4 ,WE W]E W>N$ ON NUM]\S OCCASIONS & ! G5D>MES 9VE/IGAT$4 ,!Y HAD 9=MATION AB\T ! PRES5CE ( ! TWO ,SPANI>DS 9 MY HOME4 ,I WAS ABLE TO CONFUSE !M SEV]AL TIMES1 BUT !Y W]5'T CONV9C$4 ,! SITUATION WAS />T+ TO BECOME DANG]\S = ALL ( US4 ,ONE DAY ,I WAS DRIV+ !M 9 A C>1 ) ,ASCASO & ,DURRUTI 9 BACK & ME AT ! :EEL1 & HAD TO /OP TO ATT5D TO AN URG5T MATT] AT MY NOT>Y'S (FICE4 ,:ILE LEAV+ HIS (FICE ,I HAD ! UNPLEASANT SURPRISE ( SEE+ ! CAPTA9 ( ! G5D>MES /&+ NEXT TO ! C>4 ,CONTROLL+ MY CONC]N1 ,I WALK$ T[>D HIM & GREET$ HIM4 ,HE RETURN$ MY GREET+ & ASK$ ME IF ,I HAD SE5 ! 9DIVIDUALS AB\T :OM HE HAD 9QUIR$ ! PREVI\S DAY4 ,I TOLD HIM ?AT !Y HAD RETURN$ TO MY H\SE %ORTLY AFT] HE HAD LEFT & ?AT ,I'D ADVIS$ !M TO GO TO ! ,G5D>M]IE TO REGUL>IZE !IR WORK P]MITS4 ,!N ,I ASK$3 0,HAVE !Y COME BY80 0,NO10 HE RESPOND$1 />+ AT ME4 0,?AT'S /RANGE10 ,I SAID4 0,!Y ASSUR$ ME ?AT !Y'D DO SO1 BUT ,I HAV5'T SE5 !M S9CE40 0,YES1 IT IS /RANGE4 ,WE'RE GO+ TO 9VE/IGATE ?IS MORE ?OR\1 TOOK ! :EEL1 & PULL$ \T QUICKLY4 ,WE DROVE PA/ ! CAPTA91 :O WAS /ILL WALK+ ALONG1 P]PLEX$4 ,I LOOK$ BACK & SAW MY TWO FRI5DS SMIL+4 ,ASCASO1 %AK+ HIS RI4 ,?IS LA/ 9CID5T OBLIG$ !M TO LEAVE MY H\SE4 ,AT NIIS4.<#a#i#d.> ,P>IS WAS NO BETT] ?IS TIME >\ND3 LIFE WAS SIMPLY UNT5ABLE = !M !RE4 7,! REC5TLY =M$ ,REVOLUTION>Y ,ALLIANCE ,COMMITTEE .<#a#i#e.> ADVIS$ !M TO GO TO ,LYON4 ,! ,SOLID>IOS HAD JO9$ ?IS ,COMMITTEE TO P>TICIPATE 9 AN 9SURRECTIONAL PROJECT ?AT WAS GO+ TO EXT5D ACROSS ,SPA9 & ,ITALY47 ,! ,COMMITTEE SAID !Y W\LD BE MORE USEFUL TO ! REVOLUTION>Y EF=TS !RE4 ,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,JANU>Y #a1 #bba 3 ,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #ai -- ,ADD$4 ,JANU>Y #a#g1 #bbb 3 ,P>T #a1 ,*APT] #ai -- ,UPDAT$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/