,DEMOCRACY ,MEANS ,BUREAUCRACY 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,BROADLY SPEAK+1 DEMOCRACY & CAPITALISM W]E /ABILIZ$ ?R\<\T ! #b? C5TURY VIA ! PROGRESSIVE 9CLUSION ( POPULATIONS ?AT HAD PREVI\SLY BE5 EXCLUD$ FROM ! PRIVILEGES ( VOT+ & PROP]TY [N]%IP4 ,?IS BEGAN ) WOM5'S SUFFRAGE & ! ,=DI/ COMPROMISE1 CONT9U$ ?R\< DESEGREGATION & ! 5D ( ! ,EUROPEAN COLONIAL EMPIRES1 & CONCLUD$ ) ! COLLAPSE ( ! ,SOVIET BLOC4 ,S9CE !N1 ALMO/ ! 5TIRE WORLD HAS BE5 9TEGRAT$ 9TO NEOLIB]ALISM1 AN ECONOMIC SY/EM PREMIS$ ON ! CEASELESS CONC5TRATION ( CAPITAL 9 FEW] & FEW] H&S AT ! TOP1 & A RACE TO ! BOTTOM = WAGE-E>N]S4 ,N[ ?AT IT IS A WORLDWIDE SY/EM1 !RE >E FEW] OPPORTUNITIES TO DRAW 9 RES\RCES ) :I* TO CONT9UE EXP&+ ! PYRAMID S*EME4 

,BETWE5 ECOLOGICAL CATA/ROPHE & GR[+ 9EQUALITY1 ! AV]AGE P>TICIPANTS 9 GLOBALIZ$ CAPITALISM NO LONG] HAVE CAUSE TO EXPECT AN EV]-IMPROV+ QUALITY ( LIFE4 ,/ATE GOV]NM5TS >E DISMANTL+ ! PROGRAMS ?AT ONCE S]V$ TO (FSET ! VICISSITUDES ( ! M>KET1 FE$+ EV]Y RES\RCE 9TO ! FIRE 9 ORD] TO KEEP !IR ECONOMIES COMPETITIVE AS ! CRISIS ACCEL]ATES4 ,CONTEMPOR>Y DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5TS PRESIDE OV] AN 9CREAS+LY 9VASIVE SECURITY APP>ATUS 9T5D$ TO PRES]VE ORD] AT ANY PRICE4 

,9 #b#a-#b#a#d1 A WAVE ( MOVEM5TS >\ND ! WORLD PROPOS$ TO SOLVE !SE PROBLEMS ) A MORE P>TICIPATORY DEMOCRATIC MODEL4 ,YET ?OSE MOVEM5TS 5D$ 9 NEW DICTATOR%IPS 9 ,EGYPT & ELSE:]E 9 ! GLOBAL ,S\?1 :ILE !Y W]E REABSORB$ 9TO REPRES5TATIONAL POLITICS 9 ,EUROPE & ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES--MO/ NOTABLY 9 ! CASES ( ,SYRIZA & ,PODEMOS4 ,AS !SE EF=TS REA*$ !IR LIMITS1 A NEW G5]ATION ( F>-RI<T & \TRI<T FASCI/ POLITICIANS US$ ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS TO GA9 P[]3 ,GOLD5 ,DAWN 9 ,GREECE1 ,DONALD ,TRUMP 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 ,ALT]NATIVE FUR ,DEUTS*L& 9 ,G]MANY1 ! ,LEGA ,NORD 9 ,ITALY1 & ! ,SW$I% ,DEMOCRATS 9 ,SW$54 

,9 MU* ( ! WORLD1 FAI? 9 DEMOCRACY IS COLLAPS+4 ,! ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES REPORTS ?AT 9 #b#a#g1 ONLY #ah P]C5T ( ,MEXICANS SURVEY$ SAID !Y W]E SATISFI$ ) DEMOCRACY--A S5TIM5T REFLECT$ >\ND MU* ( ,LAT9 ,AM]ICA4 ,?OSE :O UND]/OOD DEMOCRACY AS PROMIS+ LIB]TY1 EQUALITY1 & UNIV]SAL FELL[%IP >E DISCOV]+ ?AT REPRES5TATIONAL POLITICS S]VES TO MA9TA9 ! OLD CONC5TRATIONS ( P[]4 ,9 ?IS REG>D1 IT IS A LOT LIKE CAPITALISM3 IT ROTATES ! FIGURES ?AT APPE> AT ! APEX ( P[] :ILE R5D]+ 9EQUALITY ITSELF /RUCTURAL & P]MAN5T4 

,DISSATISFACTION ) DEMOCRACY WILL NOT NECESS>ILY PRODUCE MORE 9CLUSIVE OR LIB]AT+ ALT]NATIVES4 ,AIM+ TO PRES]VE ! /ATUS ( TRADITIONALLY PRIVILEG$ DEMOGRAPHICS AS NEOLIB]ALISM G5]ATES NEW 9/ABILITY1 V>I\S NATIONALI/S & AU?ORIT>IANS >E PROPOS+ NEW CRIT]IA = EXCLUSION FROM POLITICAL P>TICIPATION1 9CLUD+ CITIZ5%IP1 RELIGION1 E?NICITY1 & G5D]4 ,ALL ( !SE ALREADY HAVE A LONG/&+ HI/ORY AS DIVID+ L9ES 9 PREVI\S IT]ATIONS ( DEMOCRACY4 

,N>R[+ D[N ! NUMB] ( PEOPLE :O >E GRANT$ RI<TS & PRIVILEGES )9 ! PREVAIL+ ORD] WILL UND]M9E ALL ! ME*ANISMS ?AT /ABILIZ$ CAPITALISM & DEMOCRACY UP TO ?IS PO9T4 ,?IS WILL ALMO/ C]TA9LY G5]ATE NEW REVOLTS4 ,! QUE/ION IS :E!R !SE REVOLTS CAN COALESCE >\ND NEW MODELS ( DECISION-MAK+ & P[] RELATIONS ?AT DO NOT CONSOLIDATE CONTROL 9 ! H&S ( ! FEW4 

,IT'S UP TO US TO %[ H[ CAPITALISM & DEMOCRACY HAVE FAIL$ TO DELIV] ! DIGNITY & SELF-DET]M9ATION !IR PROPON5TS PROMIS$ & TO PROPOSE ALT]NATIVE WAYS ( ORGANIZ+ \R LIVES1 LE/ WE LEAVE ! FIELD ( CRITIQUE TO PROPON5TS ( EV5 MORE AU?ORIT>IAN SY/EMS4 

,= AN ACADEMIC /UDY ( ! AN>*I/ CRITIQUE ( DEMOCRACY1 WE RECOMM5D ,M>KUS ,LUND/ROM'S ,AN>*I/ ,CRITIQUE ( ,RADICAL ,DEMOCRACY3 ,! ,IMPOSSIBLE ,>GUM5T4 

,\R =EBE>S OV]?REW K+S & DICTATORS1 BUT !Y DIDN'T ABOLI% ! 9/ITUTIONS BY :I* K+S & DICTATORS RUL$3 !Y DEMOCRATIZ$ !M4 ,YET :OEV] OP]ATES !SE 9/ITUTIONS--:E!R IT'S A K+1 A PRESID5T1 OR AN ELECTORATE--! EXP]I5CE ON ! RECEIV+ 5D IS R\<LY ! SAME4 ,LAWS1 POLICE1 & BUREAUCRACY CAME BE=E DEMOCRACY2 !Y FUNCTION ! SAME WAY 9 A DEMOCRACY AS !Y DO 9 A DICTATOR%IP4 ,! ONLY DIFF]5CE IS ?AT1 BECAUSE WE CAN CA/ BALLOTS AB\T H[ !Y %\LD BE APPLI$1 WE'RE SUPPOS$ TO REG>D !M AS \RS EV5 :5 !Y'RE US$ AGA9/ US4 

,! MORE PEOPLE >E GOV]N$ BY A GIV5 DEMOCRATIC SY/EM1 ! FEW] CAN ACTIVELY P>TICIPATE 9 ! DECISION-MAK+4 ,TO FUNCTION ON A MASS SCALE1 DEMOCRACY REQUIRES =MAL PROCESSES1 PROTOCOL1 CR$5TIALS1 & SO MANY LEVELS ( REPRES5TATION AS TO EFFECTIVELY EXCLUDE MO/ PEOPLE4 ,! RESULT IS A TREM5D\S EXP5DITURE ( RES\RCES--CAUCUSES1 CONV5TIONS1 =UMS1 REGI/RATION1 PAP]WORK1 LOBBY+1 ELECTORAL CAMPAIGNS--JU/ TO MA9TA9 ! FACADE ( PUBLIC P>TICIPATION4 

,)\T ALL ?IS R$ TAPE1 !RE W\LD BE AN>*Y3 WE W\LD P>TICIPATE DIRECTLY 9 ! DECISIONS ?AT %APE \R LIVES4 ,9/EAD ( PETITION+ ! AU?ORITIES OR WAIT+ ON ! >BITR>Y $ICTS ( GOV]NM5T AG5CIES1 WE C\LD EXP]IM5T ) SOLV+ \R PROBLEMS TOGE!R ON \R [N T]MS4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #a#g? ,JUNE #bba FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#c1 #bbb 3 ,DEMOCRACY ,MEANS ,BUREAUCRACY -- ,ADD$4 

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