,DEF5SE ( ! ,REVOLUTION 

#aibe 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,]RICO ,MALATE/A 

,TEXT 3 

,! REVOLUTION WE WANT CONSI/S 9 DEPRIV+ ! PRES5T HOLD]S ( !IR P[] & WEAL? & 9 PUTT+ ! L& & ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION & ALL EXI/+ WEAL? AT ! DISPOSAL ( ! WORK]S1 ?AT IS ( EV]YBODY1 S9CE ?OSE :O >E NOT1 WILL HAVE TO BECOME1 WORK]S4 ,& ! REVOLUTION>IES MU/ DEF5D ?IS REVOLUTION BY SEE+ TO IT ?AT NO 9DIVIDUAL1 P>TY OR CLASS F9DS ! MEANS TO CON/ITUTE A GOV]NM5T & RE/ORE PRIVILEGE 9 FAVOR ( NEW OR OLD BOSSES4444 

,TO DEF5D1 TO SAVE ! REVOLUTION !RE IS ONLY ONE MEANS3 ?AT ( PU%+ ! REVOLUTION AS F> AS IT WILL GO4 ,SO LONG AS !RE >E ?OSE :O WILL BE 9 A POSITION TO OBLIGE O!RS TO WORK = !M2 SO LONG AS !RE >E ?OSE :O >E 9 A POSITION TO VIOLATE ! FRE$OM ( O!RS1 ! REVOLUTION WILL NOT BE COMPLETE1 & WE WILL BE /ILL 9 A /ATE ( LEGITIMATE DEF5SE & TO ! VIOL5CE :I* OPPRESSES WE WILL OPPOSE ! VIOL5CE ?AT LIB]ATES4 

,DO Y\ FE> ?AT ! DISPOSSESS$ B\RGEOISIE MAY HIRE SOLDI]S ( =TUNE TO RE/ORE ! OLD REGIME8 ,DISPOSSESS !M COMPLETELY & Y\ WILL SEE ?AT )\T MONEY Y\ CAN EMPLOY NO ONE4 

,DO Y\ FE> A MILIT>Y C\P8 ,>M ALL ! POPULATION1 5SURE ?AT !Y REALLY >E 9 POSSESSION ( ALL WEAL? SO ?AT EV]Y P]SON WILL HAVE TO DEF5D HIS [N FRE$OM & ! MEANS :I* CAN 5SURE HIS WELL-BE+1 & Y\ WILL SEE :E!R ! G5]ALS SEEK+ ADV5TURES WILL F9D :O TO FOLL[ !M4 ,BUT IF AFT] ?AT1 ! PEOPLE 9 >MS1 9 POSSESSION ( ! L&1 ! FACTORIES1 & ALL ! NATURAL WEAL? W]E 9CAPABLE ( DEF5D+ !MSELVES1 & ALL[$ !MSELVES ONCE AGA9 TO BE BR\<T UND] ! YOKE1 IT W\LD MEAN ?AT !Y W]E /ILL NOT CAPABLE ( 5JOY+ FRE$OM4 ,! REVOLUTION W\LD HAVE FAIL$ & ! WORK ( $UCATION & PREP>ATION W\LD HAVE TO BE RESUM$ = ANO!R ATTEMPT :I* W\LD HAVE GREAT] *ANCES ( SUCCESS BECAUSE IT W\LD B5EFIT FROM ! SE$S ?AT HAD BE5 S[N AT ! PREVI\S ATTEMPT4.<#b#g.> 

,! DANG]S ) :I* A REVOLUTION IS FAC$ DO NOT COME SOLELY OR PR9CIPALLY FROM ! REACTION>IES CONSPIR+ = A RE/ORATION & CALL+ = =EIGN 9T]V5TION2 !Y ALSO COME FROM ! POSSIBILITY ( DEG5]ATION ( ! REVOLUTION ITSELF2 & FROM ! >RIVI/ES :O1 ?\< REVOLUTION>IES1 NEV]!LESS RETA9 A M5TALITY & SYMPA?IES :I* >E B\RGEOIS & SEEK TO DIRECT ! REVOLUTION T[>DS 5DS :I* >E ANY?+ BUT EQUALIT>IAN & LIB]T>IAN4.<#b#h.> 

,ONCE ! SITUATION IS REA*$ :]EBY NO ONE C\LD IMPOSE HIS WI%ES ON O!RS BY =CE1 NOR TAKE AWAY FROM ANY MAN ! PRODUCT ( HIS LABOR1 AN>*I/S C\LD !N ONLY ACT ?R\< PROPAG&A & BY EXAMPLE4 

,DE/ROY ! 9/ITUTIONS & ! MA*9]Y ( EXI/+ SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS8 ,YES1 C]TA9LY1 IF IT IS A QUE/ION ( REPRESSIVE 9/ITUTIONS2 BUT !SE >E1 AFT] ALL1 ONLY A SMALL P>T ( ! COMPLEX ( SOCIAL LIFE4 ,! POLICE1 ! >MY1 ! PRISONS1 & ! JUDICI>Y >E POT5T 9/ITUTIONS = EVIL1 :I* EX]CISE A P>ASITIC FUNCTION4 ,O!R 9/ITUTIONS & ORGANIZATIONS MANAGE1 = BETT] OR = WORSE1 TO GU>ANTEE LIFE TO MANK9D2 & !SE 9/ITUTIONS CANNOT BE USEFULLY DE/ROY$ )\T REPLAC+ !M BY SOME?+ BETT]4 

,! EX*ANGE ( RAW MAT]IALS & GOODS1 ! DI/RIBUTION ( FOOD/UFFS1 ! RAILWAYS1 PO/AL S]VICES1 & ALL PUBLIC S]VICES ADM9I/]$ BY ! ,/ATE OR BY PRIVATE COMPANIES1 HAVE BE5 ORGANIZ$ TO S]VE MONOPOLI/IC & CAPITALI/ 9T]E/S1 BUT !Y ALSO S]VE REAL NE$S ( ! POPULATION4 ,WE CANNOT DISRUPT !M 7& 9 ANY CASE ! PEOPLE W\LD NOT 9 !IR [N 9T]E/S ALL[ US TO7 )\T REORGANIZ+ !M 9 A BETT] WAY4 ,& ?IS CANNOT BE A*IEV$ 9 A DAY2 NOR AS ?+S /&1 HAVE WE ! NECESS>Y ABILITIES TO DO SO4 ,WE >E DELI<T$ !RE=E IF 9 ! MEANTIME1 O!RS ACT1 EV5 ) DIFF]5T CRIT]IA FROM \R [N4 

,SOCIAL LIFE DOES NOT ADMIT ( 9T]RUPTIONS1 & ! PEOPLE WANT TO LIVE ON ! DAY ( ! REVOLUTION1 ON ! MORR[1 & ALWAYS4.<#b#i.> 

,!RE >E /ILL MANY PEOPLE :O >E FASC9AT$ BY ! IDEA ( 0T]ROR40 ,= !M IT SEEMS ?AT ! GUILLOT9E1 FIR+ SQUADS1 MASSACRES1 DEPORTATIONS1 & JAILS >E P[]FUL & 9DISP5SABLE >MS ( ! REVOLUTION1 & OBS]VE ?AT IF SO MANY REVOLUTIONS HAVE BE5 DEFEAT$ & HAVE NOT PRODUC$ ! RESULTS HOP$ =1 IT IS ! FAULT ( ! GOODNESS1 & 0WEAKNESS0 ( ! REVOLUTION>IES1 :O HAVE NOT P]SECUT$1 REPRESS$ & KILL$ ON A L>GE 5\< SCALE4 

,IT IS A PREJUDICE CURR5T 9 SOME REVOLUTION>Y CIRCLES :I* HAD ITS ORIG9S 9 ! RHETORIC & HI/ORIC FALSIFICATION ( ! APOLOGI/S ( ! ,GREAT ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION & HAS BE5 REVIV$ 9 REC5T YE>S BY ! ,BOL%EVIKS 9 !IR PROPAG&A4 ,BUT ! TRU? IS JU/ ! OPPOSITE2 ,T]ROR HAS ALWAYS BE5 ! 9/RUM5T ( TYRANNY4 ,9 ,FRANCE IT S]V$ ! GRIM TYRANNY ( ,ROBESPI]RE & PAV$ ! WAY = ,NAPOLEON & ! SUBSEQU5T REACTION4 ,9 ,RUSSIA IT P]SECUT$ & KILL$ AN>*I/S & SOCIALI/S1 & MASSACR$ REBELLI\S WORK]S & PEASANTS1 & HAS HALT$ ! DEVELOPM5T ( A REVOLUTION :I* REALLY MI<T HAVE U%]$ 9 A NEW ]A = MANK9D4 ,?OSE :O BELIEVE 9 ! LIB]AT+ & REVOLUTION>Y EFFICACY ( REPRESSION & SAVAG]Y HAVE ! SAME K9D ( BACKW>D M5TALITY AS ! JURI/S :O BELIEVE ?AT CRIMES CAN BE PREV5T$ & ! WORLD MORALLY IMPROV$ BY ! IMPOSITION ( /IFF PUNI%M5TS4 

,! ,T]ROR1 LIKE W>1 AWAK5S ATAVI/IC & BELLICOSE S5TIM5TS1 /ILL B>ELY COV]$ BY A CLOAK ( CIVILIZATION1 & RAISES TO ! HI<E/ PO/S ! WORSE ELEM5TS ( ! POPULATION4 ,& F> FROM S]V+ TO DEF5D ! REVOLUTION IT DISCR$ITS IT1 MAKES IT REPELL5T TO ! MASSES & AFT] A P]IOD ( FI]CE /RUGGLES1 GIVES RISE1 ( NECESSITY1 TO :AT !Y W\LD TODAY CALL 0A RETURN TO NORMALITY10 ?AT IS1 TO ! LEGALIZATION & P]PETUATION ( TYRANNY4 ,:I*EV] SIDE W9S1 ONE ALWAYS >RIVES AT ! CREATION ( A /RONG GOV]NM5T1 :I* ASSURES PEACE TO SOME AT ! PRICE ( FRE$OM1 & TO O!RS DOM9ATION )\T TOO MANY RISKS4444 

,C]TA9LY ! REVOLUTION MU/ BE DEF5D$ & DEVELOP$ ) AN 9EXORABLE LOGIC2 BUT ONE MU/ NOT & CANNOT DEF5D IT ) MEANS :I* CONTRADICT ITS 5DS4 

,! MO/ P[]FUL MEANS = DEF5D+ ! REVOLUTION REMA9S ALWAYS ?AT ( TAK+ AWAY FROM ! B\RGEOISIE ! ECONOMIC MEANS ON :I* !IR P[] IS BAS$1 & ( >M+ EV]YBODY 7UNTIL SU* TIME AS ONE WILL HAVE MANAG$ TO P]SUADE EV]YBODY TO ?R[ AWAY !IR >MS AS USELESS & DANG]\S TOYS71 & ( 9T]E/+ ! MASS ( ! POPULATION 9 ! VICTORY ( ! REVOLUTION4 

,IF 9 ORD] TO W9 IT W]E NECESS>Y TO ]ECT ! GALL[S 9 ! PUBLIC SQU>E1 !N ,I W\LD PREF] TO LOSE4.<#b#a.> 

,& AFT] ! REVOLUTION1 ?AT IS1 AFT] ! DEFEAT ( ! EXI/+ P[]S & ! OV]:ELM+ VICTORY ( ! =CES ( 9SURRECTION1 :AT !N8 

,IT IS !N ?AT GRADUALISM REALLY COMES 9TO OP]ATION4 ,WE %ALL HAVE TO /UDY ALL ! PRACTICAL PROBLEMS ( LIFE3 PRODUCTION1 EX*ANGE1 ! MEANS ( COMMUNICATION1 RELATIONS BETWE5 AN>*I/ GR\P+S & ?OSE LIV+ UND] SOME K9D ( AU?ORITY1 BETWE5 COMMUNI/ COLLECTIVES & ?OSE LIV+ 9 AN 9DIVIDUALI/IC WAY2 RELATIONS BETWE5 T[N & C\NTRY1 ! UTILIZATION = ! B5EFIT ( EV]YBODY ( ALL NATURAL S\RCES ( P[] & ( RAW MAT]IALS2 DI/RIBUTION ( 9DU/RIES &1 CULTIVATION ACCORD+ TO ! NATURAL RES\RCES ( ! DIFF]5T REGIONS2 PUBLIC $UCATION1 C>E ( *ILDR5 & ! AG$1 HEAL? S]VICES1 PROTECTION AGA9/ COMMON CRIM9ALS & ! MORE DANG]\S ONES :O MI<T AGA9 TRY TO SUPPRESS ! FRE$OM ( O!RS = ! B5EFIT ( 9DIVIDUALS OR P>TIES--& SO ON4 ,& 9 EV]Y PROBLEM .<AN>*I/S.> %\LD PREF] ! SOLUTIONS :I* NOT ONLY >E ECONOMICALLY SUP]IOR BUT :I* SATISFY ! NE$ = JU/ICE & FRE$OM & LEAVE ! WAY OP5 = FUTURE IMPROVEM5TS1 :I* O!R SOLUTIONS MI<T NOT4 

,9 ! EV5T JU/ICE1 LIB]TY & SOLID>ITY %\LD OV]RIDE ECONOMIC ADVANTAGES4 ,ONE MU/ NOT ?9K ( DE/ROY+ EV]Y?+ 9 ! BELIEF ?AT LAT] ?+S WILL LOOK AFT] !MSELVES4 ,PRES5T CIVILIZATION IS ! RESULT ( DEVELOPM5T EXT5D+ OV] ?\S&S ( YE>S1 & HAS SOLV$1 9 A WAY1 ! PROBLEM ( L>GE CONC5TRATIONS ( POPULATION1 (T5 CR[D$ 9TO SMALL T]RITORIES1 & ( SATISFY+ !IR EV]-9CREAS+ & COMPLEX NE$S4 ,ITS B5EFITS HAVE DECREAS$--BECAUSE DEVELOPM5T HAS BE5 TAK+ PLACE UND] ! PRESSURE ( AU?ORITY 9 ! 9T]E/S ( ! RUL+ CLASSES2 BUT EV5 IF ONE TAKES AWAY AU?ORITY & PRIVILEGE1 ! ADVANTAGES ACQUIR$1 ! TRIUMPHS ( MAN OV] ! ADV]SE =CES ( NATURE1 ! ACCUMULAT$ EXP]I5CE ( PA/ G5]ATIONS1 SOCIABILITY LE>N$ ?R\< COHABITATION ?R\<\T ! AGES & BY ! PROV5 B5EFITS ( MUTUAL AID--ALL !SE ADVANTAGES WILL REMA91 & IT W\LD BE FOOLI%1 & 9 ANY CASE IMPOSSIBLE1 TO GIVE UP ALL !SE ?+S4 

,WE MU/ !RE=E FI<T AU?ORITY & PRIVILEGE1 BUT TAKE ADVANTAGE ( ALL ! B5EFITS ( CIVILIZATION2 & NO?+ MU/ BE DE/ROY$ :I* SATISFIES1 EV5 BADLY1 A HUMAN NE$ UNTIL WE HAVE SOME?+ BETT] TO PUT 9 ITS PLACE4 ,WE MU/ BE 9TRANSIG5T 9 \R OPPOSITION TO ALL CAPITALI/ IMPOSITION & EXPLOITATION1 & TOL]ANT ( ALL SOCIAL CONCEPTS :I* PREVAIL 9 DIFF]5T HUMAN GR\P+S1 SO LONG AS !Y DO NOT ?REAT5 ! EQUAL RI<TS & FRE$OM ( O!RS2 & CONT5T \RSELVES ) ADVANC+ GRADUALLY 9 /EP ) ! MORAL DEVELOPM5T ( ! PEOPLE & AS ! AVAILABLE MAT]IAL & 9TELLECTUAL MEANS 9CREASE--DO+ ALL WE CAN1 ( C\RSE1 BY /UDY1 WORK1 & PROPAG&A TO HA/5 ! DEVELOPM5T T[>DS EV] MORE ADVANC$ IDEALS4.<#b#a#a.> 

,BUT AFT] ! SUCCESSFUL 9SURRECTION1 :5 ! GOV]NM5T HAS FALL51 :AT MU/ BE DONE8 

,WE AN>*I/S W\LD WI% ?AT 9 EV]Y DI/RICT ! WORK]S1 OR1 MORE ACCURATELY1 ?OSE AMONG !M :O >E MORE SOCIALLY CONSCI\S & HAVE A SPIRIT ( 9ITIATIVE1 %\LD TAKE POSSESSION ( ALL ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 ( ALL ! WEAL?--L&1 RAW MAT]IALS1 H\SES1 MA*9ES1 FOOD /OCKS1 ETC41 & TO ! BE/ ( !IR ABILITY1 9ITIATE NEW =MS ( SOCIAL LIFE4 ,WE W\LD WI% ?AT ! L& WORK]S :O TODAY WORK = MA/]S %\LD NO LONG] RECOGNIZE ! L&[N]S' PROP]TY RI<TS BUT CONT9UE & 9T5SIFY PRODUCTION ON !IR [N ACC\NT1 E/ABLI%+ DIRECT CONTACTS ) WORK]S 9 9DU/RY & TRANSPORT = ! EX*ANGE ( GOODS & S]VICES2 ?AT 9DU/RIAL WORK]S1 9CLUD+ 5G9E]S & TE*NICIANS1 %\LD TAKE POSSESSION ( ! FACTORIES & CONT9UE & 9T5SIFY PRODUCTION = !IR [N B5EFIT & ?AT ( ! :OLE COMMUNITY2 IMM$IATELY SWIT*+ PRODUCTION 9 ?OSE FACTORIES :I* TODAY TURN \T USELESS OR H>MFUL GOODS TO SUPPLY+ ! >TICLES MO/ URG5TLY REQUIR$ TO SATISFY ! NE$S ( ! PUBLIC2 ?AT ! RAILWAYM5 %\LD CONT9UE TO OP]ATE ! RAILWAYS BUT 9 ! S]VICE ( ! COMMUNITY2 ?AT COMMITTEES COMPOS$ ( VOLUNTE]S OR ELECT$ BY ! PEOPLE %\LD TAKE OV]1 UND] ! DIRECT CONTROL ( ! POPULATION1 ALL AVAILABLE ACCOMMODATION TO H\SE1 AS WELL AS IS POSSIBLE 9 ! CIRCUM/ANCES1 ?OSE MO/ 9 NE$2 ?AT O!R COMMITTEES1 ALWAYS UND] ! DIRECT CONTROL ( ! PEOPLE1 %\LD DEAL ) PROVISION+ & ! DI/RIBUTION ( CONSUM] GOODS2 ?AT ALL ! MEMB]S ( ! B\RGEOISIE %\LD ( NECESSITY HAVE TO 0MUCK 90 ) ?OSE :O W]E ! PROLET>IAN MASSES & WORK LIKE EV]YBODY ELSE 9 ORD] TO 5JOY ! SAME B5EFITS AS EV]YBODY ELSE4 ,& ALL ?IS MU/ BE DONE IMM$IATELY1 ON ! V]Y DAY1 OR ! MORR[ ( ! SUCCESSFUL 9SURRECTION1 )\T WAIT+ = ORD]S FROM C5TRAL COMMITTEES OR FROM ANY O!R K9D ( AU?ORITY4 

,?IS IS :AT ! AN>*I/S WANT1 & IT IS 9 FACT :AT W\LD NATURALLY HAPP5 IF ! REVOLUTION W]E TO BE A TRULY SOCIAL REVOLUTION & NOT JU/ A POLITICAL *ANGE1 :I* AFT] A FEW CONVULSIONS W\LD LEAD ?+S BACK TO :AT !Y W]E =M]LY4 ,=1 IF ONE DID NOT DEPRIVE ! B\RGEOISIE ( ITS ECONOMIC P[] AT ONCE1 IT W\LD 9 A %ORT TIME RECAPTURE ! POLITICAL P[] :I* ! 9SURRECTION HAD TORN FROM ITS GRASP4 ,& 9 ORD] TO TAKE AWAY ECONOMIC P[] FROM ! B\RGEOISIE1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO ORGANIZE IMM$IATELY A NEW ECONOMIC /RUCTURE BAS$ ON JU/ICE & EQUALITY4 ,ECONOMIC NE$S1 AT LEA/ ! MO/ ESS5TIAL ONES1 CANNOT BE 9T]RUPT$2 !Y MU/ BE SATISFI$ IMM$IATELY4 0,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEES0 EI!R DO NO?+ OR ACT :5 !IR S]VICES >E NO LONG] REQUIR$4.<#b#a#b.> 

.<#b#g.> ,F$E61 ,NOVEMB] #b#e1 #aibc 

.<#b#h.> ,UMANITA ,NOVA1 ,AUGU/ #b#g1 #aib 

.<#b#i.> ,UMANITA ,NOVA1 ,OCTOB] #g1 #aibb 

.<#b#a.> ,P5SI]O E ,VOLONTA1 ,OCTOB] #a1 #aibd 

.<#b#a#a.> ,P5SI]O E ,VOLONTA1 ,OCTOB] #a1 #aibe 

.<#b#a#b.> ,UMANITA ,NOVA1 ,AUGU/ #a#b1 #aib 

7,S\RCE3 ,TEXT FROM ,LIFE & ,IDEAS3 ,! ,AN>*I/ ,WRIT+S ( ,]RICO ,MALATE/A1 #bae ,$ITION1 $IT$ & TRANSLAT$ BY ,V]NON ,RI*>DS1 PUBLI%$ BY ,P,M ,PRESS -- PLEASE SUPPORT ! PUBLI%]67 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aibd 3 ,DEF5SE ( ! ,REVOLUTION -- ,PUBLICATION4 
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