,COMMUNISM ,V]SUS ,RE=M 9 ,IREL& 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,E/ELLE ,SYLVIA ,PANKHUR/ 

,TEXT 3 

,MI/AKES ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ,IREL& 

,! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ,IREL& 1 ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 ?R\< ITS ORGAN1 ,! ,WORK]S' ,REPUBLIC1 PUTS =W>D A PROGRAM = AN ,IRI% ,REPUBLIC 

,?IS PROGRAM IS NOT A ,COMMUNI/ ONE3 WE URGE ! ,IRI% ,COMMUNI/S TO )DRAW IT & PUT =W>D A G5U9E ,COMMUNI/ PROGRAM 
9 ITS PLACE4 
,N,O,N,C,O,M,M,U,N,I,/ ,P,R,O,G,R,A,M ,( ,! ,I,R,I,% ,C4,P4 ,R,E,Q,U,I,R,+ ,R,E,V,I,S,I,O,N 

7#a7 ,[N]%IP & CONTROL ( ALL ! HEAVY 9DU/RIES BY ! /ATE = ! B5EFIT ( ALL ! PEOPLE 

7#b7 ,COMPLETE [N]%IP ( ! TRANSPORT SY/EM BY ! /ATE-RAILWAYS1 CANALS1 %IPP+1 ETC4 

7#c7 ,/ATE [N]%IP ( ALL ! BANKS4 

7#d7 ,CONFISCATION ( ! L>GE RAN*ES & E/ATES )\T COMP5SATION TO ! L&$ >I/OCRACY1 & ! DI/RIBUTION OR ! L& AMONG ! L&LESS F>M]S & AGRICULTURAL LABOR]S4 ,ELECTION ( JO9T C\NCIL REPRES5TATIVE ( !SE TWO CLASSES TO DI/RIBUTE & MANAGE ! L&4 ,ABOLITION ( ALL =MS ( T5URE & 9DEBT$NESS EI!R TO PRIVATE [N]S OR ! ,/ATE4 ,CANCELLATION ( ALL DEBTS & MORTGAGES4 

7#e7 ,E/ABLI%M5T ( ALL-R\ND EI<T-H\R WORK+ DAY4 

7#f7 ,CONTROL ( WORK%OP CONDITIONS TO BE VE/$ 9 A JO9T C\NCIL REPRES5T+ ! WORK]S1 TRADE UNIONS CONC]N$1 & ! ,/ATE 

7#g7 ,MUNICIPALIZATION ( ALL PUBLIC S]VICES1 TRAMS1 LI<T1 HEAT1 WAT]1 ETC1 & FREE USE BY ! WORK]S4 

7#h7 ,COMPULSORY 
RATION+ ( ALL AVAILABLE H\S+ ACCOMMODATION & ! ABOLITION ( ALL R5TS4 

7#i7 ,FULL MA9T5ANCE = ! UNEMPLOY$ AT FULL TRADE UNION RATES4 

7#a7 ,UNIV]SAL >M+ ( ALL WORK]S 9 T[N & C\NTRY TO DEF5D !IR RI<TS4 

,! ABOVE PROGRAM %\LD BE *ANG$ = ! FOLL[+3 
,COMMUNI/ ,PROGRAM 

7#a7 ,! ABOLITION ( ,DAIL ,EIREANN & ! PRES5T LOCAL 
GOV]N+ BODIES4 

7#b7 ,! SUMMON+ ( ! ,SOVIETS 7,WORK]S 
,C\NCILS7 COMPOS$ ( ! WORK]S 9 9DU/RY1 ON ! L&1 9 TRANSPORT 
& DI/RIBUTION & DOME/IC WORK1 TO >RANGE = ! PRACTICAL WORK ( 
C>RY+ ON & M9I/]+ TO ! NE$S ( ! PEOPLE1 BY COOP]ATIVE 
EF=T4 ,! WORK+ H\RS WILL BE DECID$ BY ?OSE :O >E DO+ ! WORK 
9 CON=MITY ) NECESSITY & 9CL9ATION4 

7#c7 ,! ABOLITION ( ALL PRIVATE PROP]TY 9 L&1 & 
9 ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 DI/RIBUTION1 TRANSPORT1 & COMMUNICATION4 

7#d7 ,CLOS+ ( BANKS & ABOLITION ( MONEY4 

7#e7 ,FREE USE BY ALL ( ! COMMON PRODUCTS & POSSESSIONS 
ACCORD+ TO NE$ & DESIRE4 ,9 CASE ( SC>CITY1 EQUAL RATION+ ( :AT 
MAY BE SC>CE1 ! COMMON EF=T BE+ DIRECT$ TO OV]COM+ ! SC>CITY 
SO ?AT RATION+ MAY CEASE4 

7#f7 ,! ABOLITION ( UNEMPLOYM5T1 P>ASITISM1 & OV]WORK1 
BY ALL MEMB]S ( ! COMMUNITY JO9+ 9 DO+ A %>E ( ! NECESS>Y 
WORK ( ! COMMUNITY4 

7#g7 ,! ?R[+ OP5 ( ALL $UCATIONAL FACILITIES TO 
ALL1 & !IR V]Y GREAT EXT5SION & DEVELOPM5T4 

7#h7 ,! BUILD+ UP ( ,COMMUNI/ IDEOLOGY & WAYS ( LIFE1 & ! ABOLITION ( ALL =MS ( BUY+1 SELL+1 & B>T] ( GOODS & S]VICES - A GREAT TASK1 9 :I* ! 
,RUSSIAN EF=T HAS L>GELY FAIL$4 

7#i7 ,! PREP>ATION ( ,IREL& TO MA9TA9 ITSELF )\T 
9T]C\RSE ) CAPITALI/ ,GOV]NM5TS & CAPITALI/ TRADE1 & TO HOLD 
\T AS A SELF-CONTA9$1 SELF-SUFFICI5T COMMUNITY UNTIL ! PEOPLE 
( O!R C\NTRIES BECOME ,COMMUNI/4 ,SU* ISOLATION IS 9EVITABLE TO A 
C\NTRY :I* BECOMES ,COMMUNI/1 S9CE CAPITALISM WILL NOT ASSI/ 9 ! 
MA9T5ANCE ( A ,COMMUNI/ COMMUNITY4 

,5C\RAGEM5T ( ,COMMUNI/S 9 O!R C\NTRIES TO 
BR+ TO ,IREL& SU* RAW MAT]IALS & MANUFACTUR$ >TICLES AS %E MAY 
LACK1 & TO GIVE ALSO !IR P]SONAL S]VICE IF REQUIR$4 

,PREP>ATION & EQUIPM5T ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,COMMONWEAL? 
TO )/& ATTACK FROM )\T OR )94 
,:]E ! ,C,P,I ,PROGRAM IS UNS\ND 

,9 DEMON/RAT+ ! UNS\NDNESS ( ,C4,P4,I4'S PROGRAM 
= AN ,IRI% ,REPUBLIC 7A ,WORK]S ,REPUBLIC EV5 ! ,C4,P4,I4 SURELY CANNOT 
CALL IT71 IT %\LD FIR/ BE PO9T$ \T ?AT ! PROGRAM DOES NOT 9CLUDE 
! ABOLITION ( CAPITALISM & PRIVATE PROP]TY 9 L&1 AL?\< ALL 
,COMMUNI/S >E AGRE$ ?AT ! WORK]S CANNOT BE EMANCIPAT$ )9 ! 
CAPITALI/ SY/EM4 ,! PROGRAM IS1 !RE=E1 PURELY A RE=MI/ ONE1 
NOT DIFF]+ WIDELY FROM ?AT ( ! ,BRITI% ,LABOR ,P>TY4 

,IS ,IT A ,MOSC[ ,PROGRAM8 ,IT %\LD BE OBS]V$ 
?AT ! ,C4,P4,I4 IS WORK+ 9 CLOSE CONJUNCTION ) ! ,C,P,G,B1 PREMISES 
AT ,COV5T ,G>D54 ,! QUE/ION !RE=E >ISES AS TO :E!R ?IS UNS\ND 
RE=MI/ PROGRAM IS A HA/ILY-DRAFT$1 ILL-CONSID]$ PRODUCTION ( 
! ,IRI% ,P>TY OR :E!R IT IS A ,MOSC[ PRODUCT1 FRAM$ ) ! DELIB]ATE 
PURPOSE ( FALL+ 9TO L9E ) ! ,RE=MI/ P>TIES AT ANY PRICE4 ,ANY 
/EADFA/ & WELL-9=M$ ,COMMUNI/S /ILL REMA9+ )9 ! ,?IRD 
,9T]NATIONAL %\LD GIVE !IR S]I\S ATT5TION TO ?IS PROBLEM4 

,A ,FABIAN ,S*EME8 ,! PROPOSALS = ! [N]%IP 
& MANAGEM5T ( 9DU/RY >E ON TRULY ,FABIAN L9ES4 ,!Y APPE> 9 CLAUSES 
#a1 #c1 #e1 #f1 #g & #i4 ,IT %\LD BE OBS]V$ ?AT UND] ?IS S*EME ! ,/ATE 
W\LD REMA91 AS AT PRES5T1 & W\LD [N '! HEAVY 9DU/RIES & RAILWAYS1 
CANALS1 %IPP+ & O!R MEANS ( TRANSPORT4 ,! MUNICIPALITY W\LD [N 
! TRA9S1 LI<T1 HEAT1 WAT] ETC4' ,AS IT IS SPECIFICALLY /AT$ ?AT 
!RE W\LD BE FREE USE ( !SE S]VICES WE TAKE IT ?AT !SE S]VICES1 
BUT NOT O!R S]VICES >E TO BE SUPPLI$ )\T PAYM5T4 

,IS IT 9T5D$ ! PAYM5T = ! 0FREELY US$0 
MUNICIPAL S]VICES %\LD GO ?R\< ! RATES1 9 TRULY ,FABIAN /YLE8 
,MO/ PROBABLY ?AT IS SO1 = MONEY W\LD REMA9 - NOTE ! PROVISION = 
,/ATE [N]%IP ( ALL BANKS 9 CLAUSE #c1 & TRADE UNION RATES ( WAGES1 
CLAUSE #i4 

,H\S+1 APP>5TLY1 W\LD PASS 9TO ,/ATE OR MUNICIPAL 
H&S1 BECAUSE CLAUSE #h SAYS3 ,COMPULSORY RATION+ ( ALL AVAILABLE 
H\S+ ACCOMMODATION & ! ABOLITION ( ALL R5TS4 

,IMM$IATE BUILD+ ( FREE H\S+ ACCOMMODATION 
TO MEET ! NE$S & 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! DESIRES ( ! PEOPLE \<T 
C]TA9LY TO BE ADD$ TO ANY CATALOG ( SLOGANS2 = ! RATION+ 
( EXI/+ PROP]TY C\LD NEV] PRODUCE SATISFACTORY RESULTS4 

,PRIVATE ,5T]PRISE ,REMA9S4 ,C]TA9LY 
! SUPPLY ( FOOD1 ! FIR/ ESS5TIAL NE$ ( MANK9D1 & APP>5TLY 
! SUPPLY ALSO ( CLO?+ & MANY O!R NECESS>IES1 
W\LD REMA9 A S\RCE ( PRIVATE MONEY MAK+ UND] ?IS VAGUE PROGRAM 
( HALF-MEASURES4 

,?US 9 ?IS ,C4,P4,I4 ,REPUBLIC WE %\LD HAVE AS AT PRES5T1 
PRIVATE 5T]PRISE CAT]+ = C]TA9 NE$S1 ! /ATE CAT]+ = O!RS1 
& ! MUNICIPALITY CAT]+ = O!RS4 ,SOME ( !SE S]VICES W\LD 
BE SUPPLI$ )\T DIRECT PAYM5T1 LIKE UPKEEP ( ! ROADS1 ! LI<T+ 
( ! /REETS1 & ! ASSI/ANCE ( ! ,FIRE ,BRIGADE TODAY & LIKE ! 
WAT]1 = :I* PEOPLE :OSE RATES >E 9CLUD$ 9 !IR R5TS1 DO NOT 
REALIZE ?AT A SEP>ATE RATE IS PAID1 A RATE :I*1 BY ! WAY1 IS RIS+ 
CONSID]ABLY4 

,UND] ! ,C4,P4,I4 PLAN ! ,/ATE & ! MUNICIPALITY 
MI<T PROVIDE MORE S]VICES ?AN AT PRES5T1 BUT PRIVATE CAPITALISM W\LD 
REMA91 & ) IT ! SOCIAL CLASSES & SOCIAL 9EQUALITIES ( TODAY4 
,F,A,L,L,A,C,Y ,( ,W,O,R,K,],S' ,C,O,N,T,R,O,L ,U,N,D,] ,C,A,P,I,T,A,L,I,/ ,O,R 
,/,A,T,E ,[,N,],%,I,P 

,CLAUSE #f /IPULATES ?AT !RE %\LD BE CONTROL ( 
WORK%OP CONDITIONS VE/$ 9 JO9T C\NCILS ( ! WORK]S1 ! TRADE 
UNIONS CONC]N$1 & ! ,/ATE4 

,?IS IS A HOT*-POT* BORR[$ FROM ! ,RUSSIAN 
'COMPROMISE' & A HO/ ( T9K]+ RE=MI/ PROGRAMS4 ,IT RECOGNIZES 
! CONFLICT ( 9T]E/ ( ! WORK]S V]SUS ! /ATE1 & V]SUS ALSO 
! TRADE UNIONS4 ,H[ CAN ! EXI/5CE ( ! TRADE UNIONS 
BE JU/IFI$ IF !Y DO NOT ADEQUATELY REPRES5T ! WORK]S8 ,:AT NE$ 
( O!R REPRES5TATION W\LD ! WORK]S HAVE IF !Y =M$ ! TRADE 
UNIONS1 & IF ! UNIONS ADEQUATELY REPRES5T$ !M8 ,:AT IS MEANT H]E 
BY ! T]M WORK]8 ,WE PRESUME ! ACTUAL WORK]S 9 ! %OPS GA!R$ 
TOGE!R 9 %OP C\NCILS ON ,SOVIET 
L9ES >E H]E 9DICAT$4 ,SU* ,SOVIETS OR C\NCILS1 L9K$ 9DU/RIALLY 
& NATIONALLY1 %\LD REPLACE BO? ! TRADE UNIONS & ! ,/ATE1 9 
\R OP9ION4 

,! SY/EM ( WORK%OP CONTROL1 BY WORK]S1 ,/ATE1 
& ,TRADE ,UNION REPRES5TATIVES1 9 /ATE [N$ 9DU/RIES W\LD GIVE ! 
ACTUAL WORK]S NO MORE FRE$OM1 NO MORE REAL CONTROL ?AN DO ! ,:ITLEY 
,JO9T ,9DU/RIAL ,C\NCILS ( EMPLOY]S & EMPLOY$ 

,9 ! LA/ ANALYSIS1 :ATEV] PROMISES MAY 
BE GIV5 9 REG>D TO WORK]S' CONTROL ( 9DU/RY >E WOR?LESS1 SO LONG 
AS ! ACTUAL [N]%IP & CONTROL ( ! PURSE >E 9 ! H&S ( ! 
PRIVATE EMPLOY] OR ! ,/ATE1 9 ?IS CASE IT IS ONLY CONTROL ( ! WORK%OP 
CONDITIONS ?AT IS SUGGE/$4 ,TO CONTROL WORK%OP CONDITIONS :ILE AN EMPLOY] 
CONTROLS WAGES & F9ANCE IS A PRACTICAL IMPOSSIBILITY4 ,! ,ITALIAN WORK]S 
:O ACCEPT$ SU* A WOR?LESS COMPROMISE AS ! PRICE ( EVACUAT+ ! 
METAL FACTORIES F\ND TO !IR CO/ ?AT WORK%OP CONTROL UND] AN EMPLOY] 
IS NOT WOR? ACCEPT+4 

,! W> TIME PRODUCTION COMMITTEES & ,:ITLEY ,C\NCILS 
%\LD SURELY HAVE TAU<T ?IS LESSON4 
,! ,W,A,G,E ,S,Y,/,E,M ,M,A,9,T,A,9,$ 

,! EXI/5CE ( MONEY & ! WAGE SY/EM1 :I* IS TO BE 
RETA9$ 7SEE ,CLAUSE #i71 9EVITABLY MEAN UNEQUAL WAGES1 A GRAD+ ACCORD+ 
TO EXI/+ B\RGEOIS /&>DS1 & ! L[] REMUN]ATION ( ! MANUAL 
WORK] & ! SO-CALL$ UNSKILL$4 

,! CO-EXI/5CE ( CAPITALI/ 9DU/RY & ITS 
RAMIFICATIONS DICTATES )9 N>R[ LIMITS ! REMUN]ATION & /ATUS 
( ! WAGE-WORK] :O ,I,S EMPLOY$ 9 ,/ATE & MUNICIPAL 5T]PRISES4 
 ,EV]YONE KN[S ?AT ! MAN :OSE WAGES >E PAID BY A PRIVATE EMPLOY] 
PROTE/S ) ! TAXPAY] & RATEPAY] AGA9/ ANY CONSID]ABLE RAIS+ 
( ! WAGES ( ?OSE :O >E EMPLOY$ 9 ,/ATE & MUNICIPAL S]VICES4 

,! /&>D AIM$ AT BY ! DRAFT]S ( ! ,C4,P4,I44 
PROGRAM MAY BE JUDG$ FROM ! DEM& = AN EI<T-H\R DAY 9 CLAUSE 
#e1 & ?AT 9 CLAUSE #i1 0= FULL MA9T5ANCE = ! UNEMPLOY$ AT FULL 
TRADE UNION RATES20 ,?+S W\LD BE LITTLE *ANG$ IF !SE PROPOSALS W>E 
PUT 9TO EFFECT4 
,! ,P,E,A,S,A,N,T,S ,& ,! ,L,& 

,! POSITION ( ! L& WORK]S IS DEALT ) 9 CLAUSE #d3 

07#d7 ,CONFISCATION ( ! L>GE RAN*ES & E/ATES )\T 
COMP5SATION TO ! L&$ >I/OCRACY1 & ! DI/RIBUTION OR ! L& 
AMONG ! L&LESS F>M]S & AGRICULTURAL LABOR]S4 ,ELECTION ( JO9T 
C\NCIL REPRES5TATIVE ( !SE TWO CLASSES TO DI/RIBUTE & MANAGE ! 
L&4 ,ABOLITION ( ALL =MS ( T5URE & 9DEBT$NESS EI!R TO PRIVATE 
[N]S OR ! ,/ATE4 ,CANCELLATION ( ALL DEBTS & MORTGAGES40  

,?IS CLAUSE %[S A SLAVI% 
IMITATION ( ! ,RUSSIAN ME?OD1 BUT ! RESULT ( ! PRACTICE 9 ,IREL& 
MU/ ( NECESSITY BE LOSS SATISFY+ ?AN IT HAS BE5 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,! CUTT+ 
UP ( ALL ! L& ( ,IREL& W\LD /ILL LEAVE ,IRI% L& HUNG] UNAPPEAS$4 
,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG WAS1 P]HAPS1 ! FIR/ ( !IR ACTUAL SUPPORT]S TO MAKE 
A DEF9ITE ATTACK UPON ! 
L& POLICY ( ! ,BOL%EVIKI AT ! TIME ( !IR SEIZURE ( P[] 9 
,OCTOB] #a#i#a#g4 ,IT WAS DUR+ ! SUMM] ( #aiah ?AT 
,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG WROTE ! CRITIQUE ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION & ! ,BOL%EVIK 
POLICY !RE91 :I* WAS REC5TLY SOCIALIZ$ 9 ! ,WORK]S' ,DREADN\<T 
& WILL BE %ORTLY PUBLI%$ BY US 9 BOOK =M4 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG !RE 
EXPRESS$ ! VIEW ?AT ! POLICY ( CUTT+ UP ! L& ( ,RUSSIA 9TO 
SMALL PEASANT HOLD+S1 ! PRODUCE ( :I* EA* MAN W\LD PRIVATELY [N 
& PRIVATELY SELL1 W\LD BE DISA/R\S TO ! ,REVOLUTION & W\LD CREATE 
= ,COMMUNISM1 9/EAD ( A FEW L>GE OPPON5TS1 MILLIONS ( SMALL ONES4 

,! FACTS HAVE JU/IFI$ 
,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG'S OPPOSITION TO ! PROJECT 9 A ?\S& DIRECTIONS4 

,OSS9SKI1 ,RUSSIAN ,COMMISS> ( ,AGRICULTURE1 REPORT$ 
AS FOLL[S TO ! N9? ,ALL-,RUSSIAN ,CONGRESS ( ,SOVIETS 9 #a#i#b#a3 0,\R 
PEASANTS10 HE SAID1 0>E MAK+ EV]Y:]E ! MO/ COLOSSAL EF=TS TO 
CL>IFY !IR RELATIONS TO ! L& & TO !IR NEI<BORS1 TO DO AWAY 
) ! CONFUSION :I* WE MU/ BE FRANK AB\T IT - ! ,REVOLUTION HAS 
NOT DECREAS$ BUT 9CREAS$1 BECAUSE \R R$I/RIBUTIONS 9 #a#i#a#h-#a#i DID 
NOT E/ABLI% ANY REGUL> L& >RANGEM5TS4 ,TO DO SO WAS BEYOND \R MEANS1 
& AS A RESULT WE /ILL HAVE A DREADFUL SCATT]+ ( /RIPS1 A N>R[+ 
( /RIPS1 CONT9U\S DIVISIONS & R$IVISIONS & COMPLETE 9/ABILITY 
( L& RELATION%IPS40 

,PR(ESSOR ,MAX ,S]+1 ( ,B]L9 ,UNIV]SITY1 OBS]VES ?AT 
! #aiag ,REVOLUTION ACTUALLY S]V$ TO HA/5 ! TRANSITION :I* WAS 
TAK+ PLACE 9 ,RUSSIA FROM ! COMMON [N]%IP ( PEASANT L& TO PRIVATE 
[N]%IP ( ! L&4 ,! ,CZ>I/ ,/OLYP9 LEGISLATION ( #aif & #aia 
HAD ALREADY UND]M9$ COMMON [N]%IP ?R\< ! VILLAGE COMMUNE3 ! 
FIR/ L& LAW ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 ?\< IT DECL>$ = SOCIALIZATION 
( ! L&1 9 FACT E/ABLI%$ SMALL PEASANT [N]%IP4 ,IT IS TRUE 
?AT ! ,REVOLUTION HA/5$ ! BREAKUP ( ! L>GE E/ATES & EXT5D$ 
! L& 9 PEASANT H&S4 ,9 ?IRTY-SIX PROV9CES = :I* /ATI/ICS 
>E AVAILABLE ! PEASANTS POSSESS$ #h.0 ( ! USABLE L&2 !Y N[ POSSESS 
#i#f4#h P] C5T4 

,9 #bi PROV9CES = :I* FIGURES >E AVAILABLE 
! L& P] HEAD 9 ! H&S ( ! PEASANTS HAS 9CREAS$ FROM #a4#h#g 
DESSIAT9 TO #b4#b#f DESSIAT9S S9CE ! ,REVOLUTION4 

,IT %\LD BE OBS]V$ ?AT IT IS NOT ONLY 9 ,RUSSIA1 
?AT S9CE ! ,W> & ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION1 L& HAS BE5 PASS+ FROM 
GREAT E/ATE [N]S TO SMALL PEASANT PROPRIETORS4 ,AN AGR>IAN REVOLUTION 
( UNPREC$5T$ EXT5T HAS PASSES OV] ! :OLE ( ,EA/]N & 9T]M$IATE 
,EUROPE1 ) ! EXCEPTION ( ,OLD ,S]BIA & ,G]MAN ,AU/RIA4 ,AT ! \TBREAK 
( W> #a TO #b.0 ( ! S[N >EA ( ,RUSSIA WAS WORK$ 9 L>GE PROP]TIES1 
BUT 9 ,OLD ,RUMANIA #d#g.0 ( ! L& WAS WORK$ BY L>GE E/ATES BE=E ! 
W>1 & N[ ONLY #h.0 IS SO WORK$4 

,:]EV] ! SMALL HOLD+ HAS REPLAC$ ! L>GE 
E/ATE PRODUCTION HAS DECREAS$1 & ESPECIALLY 9 GRA9 & 9 CROPS :I* 
>E US$ = MANUFACTUR+ PURPOSES1 SU* AS SUG>-BEET1 COTTON1 HEMP1 
FLAX1 & OIL-BE>+ PLANTS4 

,! TABLE-L& ( ! =M] ,RUSSIAN ,EMPIRE1 & 
! L&S ?R\< :I* ! ,DANUBE PASSES W]E UNTIL ! 
,W> ! GRAN>IES ( ,EUROPE4 ,! EXPORT ( BREAD/UFFS1 FL\R1 B>LEY1 
OATS & MAIZE FROM ,S]BIA & ,AU/RIA-,HUNG>Y1 ,RUMANIA1 & ,BULG>IA 
AM\NT$ 9 #a#i#a#b1 AFT] D$UCT+ SMALL IMPORTS TO #a#d4#g MILLION METRIC 
C5TN]S1 #g#a4#g MILLION C5TN]S GO+ TO ! 9DU/RIAL C5T]S ( ,GREAT 
,BRITA91 ,HOLL&1 ,G]MANY & ,BELGIUM4 ,! EXPORTS FROM ,EA/]N 
,EUROPE 9 #aiba W]E ONLY ONE TW5TIE? ( ! PRE-W>1 NAMELY #e4#d MILLION 
C5TN]S4 ,?IS EXPORTABLE SURPLUS WAS DRAWN FROM ! ,DANUBE C\NTRIES3 
IT CONSI/S 5TIRELY ( MAIZE1 OATS1 & B>LEY ,AS REG>DS BREAD/UFFS 
7:EAT1 :EAT5 FL\R & RYE71 ,EA/]N ,EUROPE N[ HAS TO BUY MORE ?AN 
IT SELLS ,E/ONIA & ,LATVIA1 ONCE EXPORT+ HAVE BECOME IMPORT+ C\NTRIES4 
,POL& ALSO IMPORTS1 ?\< IT HAS 9CORPORAT$ ! TWO =M] ,G]MAN SURPLUS 
PRODUC+ T]RITORIES ( ,EA/ ,PRUSSIA & ,POS54 ,! BALANCE ( GRA9 TRADE 
IS ALSO AGA9/ ,AU/RIA & ,HUNG>Y1 ,JUGOSLAVIA & ,RUMANIA >E ! ONLY 
C\NTRIES ) EXPORTS WOR? M5TION+1 & ! EXPORT FROM ALL !SE 
HAS BE5 MU* R$UC$4 ,! ,GREAT] ,RUMANIAN :EAT EXPORT ( 
#aiba WAS 4#g#f MILLION C5TN]S ONLY HALF ?AT 
( ,OLD ,RUMANIA 7#a4#c#g MILLION C5TN]7 ?\< ,OLD ,RUMANIA WAS ONLY TWO ?IRDS 
! SIZE ( ,GREAT] ,RUMANIA1 W> & DR\<T HAVE BE5 L>GELY RESPONSIBLE 
= R$UC$ H>VE/S1 BUT !Y ONLY P>TIALLY EXPLA9 ! %R9KAGE :I* 
IS GREAT EV5 9 >EAS :I* HAVE NOT BE5 VISIT$ BY W> & DR\<T1 
BUT HAVE PASS$ 9TO SMALL PEASANTS HOLD+4 

,:]EV] ! SMALL PEASANT HOLD+ >ISES1 ! T5D5CY 
IS = ! PEASANTS TO PRODUCE A V>IETY ( SMALL PRODUCTS = HIS [N 
USE1 :I* WILL MAKE HIM AS F> AS POSSIBLE SELF-SUPPORT+2 )\T REG>D 
TO ! \T] WORLD4 ,SU* A T5D5CY MU/ NECESS>ILY BE ACC5TUAT$ 9 
!SE DAYS ( FLUCTUAT+ CURR5CIES4 ,MR ,]NE/ ,SPITZ1 DIRECTOR ( ! 
,CZE*O-,SLOVAK ,SUG> ,EXPORT ,CO41 ( ,PRAGUE1 SAYS3 

0,! AGR>IAN RE=M AN :I* WE HAVE EMB>K$1 & :I* 
9 ! 5D WILL RESULT 9 ! BREAK+ UP ( ! BIG1 L&$ E/ATES1 GIVES 
RISE TO FE>S ?AT EV5 ! PRES5T R$UC$ >EA UND] SUG>-BEET WILL 
NOT BE MA9TA9$ 9 FUTURE4 ,! BREAK+ UP ( ! BIG L&$ E/ATES 
IS MORE LIKELY TO RESULT 9 A DIM9UTION ?AN 9 ! EXPECT$ 9CREASE 
OD AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION4 ,! PEASANT IS 9CL9$ TO CULTIVATE CROPS 
O!R ?AN BEET-ROOT1 AS ?IS REQUIRES AN EXCESSIVE AM\NT ( LABOR4 ,! 
BIG L&-[N]S US$ TO GR[ IT BECAUSE !Y !MSELVES P>TIALLY [N$ 
! SUG> FACTORIES40  

,! GREAT L&-[N] DOES NOT P]=M ! EXCESSIVE AM\NT 
( LABOR1 HE PAYS LABOR]S TO DO ! WORK4 ,! SMALL-HOLD] HAS ONLY HIMSELF 
& HIS *ILDR5 TO TURN TO3 IT IS NATURAL ?AT HE %\LD REFUSE10 AN EXCESSIVE 
AM\NT ( LABOR10  :5 &4 EASI] ME?OD ( MA9TA9+ HIMSELF >E POSSIBLE4 

,! PEASANTS ON HIS T9Y HOLD+ CANNOT AF=D ! LABOR 
SAV+ DEVICES :I* >E [N$ BY L>GE-SCALE PRODUC]S3 HE CANNOT AF=D 
! DRA9AGE & O!R IMPROVEM5T ?AT >E REQUIR$4 

,A ,POLI% AU?ORITY /ATES3 

0,?R\<\T ,POL& ! SMALL F>MS PRODUCE #a TO #ae 
P] C5T1 LESS ?AN ! L>GE E/ATES4 444 ,9 ! EA/]N BORD]L&S 
! DIFF]5CE IS /ILL GREAT] 444 

0,! DIFFICULTY ( IMPORT+ ! NECESS>Y /OCK & 
IMPLEM5TS = ! CREATION ( MANY ?\S& NEW F>MS IS V]Y GREAT AT 
PRES5T1 & HAS UND\BT$LY *ECK$ ! DEM& ( ! PEASANTS = ! 
IMM$IATE R$I/RIBUTION ( ! :OLE L& FUND 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! 
ORIG9AL S*EME40  

,?\< ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANTS >E SAID HAVE SECUR$ #h P] 
C5T ( F>M EQUIPM5T :5 ! GREAT E/ATES W]E BROK5 UP1 ?AT EQUIPM5T 
( C\RSE1 LO/ MU* ( ITS ADEQUACY :5 IT CAME TO BE DI/RIBUT$ AMONG 
A L>GE NUMB] ( SMALL HOLD]S1 EV5 ?\< !Y MI<T L5D IT \T TO 
EA* O!R4 ,I#i#b,I ! M9IMUM NE$ ( ! ,RUSSIAN VILLAGES WAS = ?REE 
MILLION NEW PL[ & ! REPAIR ( AS MANY MORE1 = OV] A MILLION S[] 
>ID HUNDR$ ( ?\S&S ( H>R[S1 RAKES & O!R IMPLEM5TS NOT #b 
P] C5T ( ?AT NE$ HAS BE5 MET4 

,BUT LET US TURN TO ,FRANCE1 :]E SMALL PROPRIETOR%IP 
IS ( LONG /&+4 ,ON ,NOVEMB] #cRD1 #a#i#a#c1 !RE W]E 9 ! :OLE ( 
,FRANCE EXCLUD+ ,ALSACE-,LORRA9E1 #g1#e#b1#i#b#b [N]S ( #a#c1#d#d#d1#b#b#f L&$ 
PROP]TIES2 #c#c4#i.0 ( ! CULTIVATORS W]E WORK+ [N]S4 #d#e4#g#g.0 WAGE-E>N]S1 
& #b#a4#g#d.0 NON-E>N+ F>M]S4 ,COMP]E ,MOREL1 =M]LY ,HI< ,COMMISSION] 
= ,AGRICULTURE1 WROTE 9 ! ,MAN*E/] ,GU>DIAN ,RECON/RUCTION SURVEY4 

0,\R AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION HAS REMA9$ /ATION>Y = 
?IRTY YE>S1 :ILE 9 ! SAME P]IOD IT HAS AB\T D\BL$ 9 ,BELGIUM1 
,D5M>K1 ,HOLL&1 ,HUNG>Y1 ,SWITZ]L&1 & ,G]MANY 444 

0,\R GRA9 CROPS AV]AGE #a#b4#e QU9TALS TO ! HECT>E2 
,G]MANY'S1 #b#a4#f1 ,D5M>K'S #b#b4#i2 & ,BELGIUM'S #b#e4#b4 ,! DISPROPORTION 
IS EV5 GREAT] 9 ! CASE ( POTATOES3 ,FRANCE1 #h4#f QU9TALS TO ! HECT>E2 
,HUNG>Y1 #b#g#b2 ,D5M>K1 #b#i#f2 ,HOLL&1 #c#g2 ,G]MANY #c#g4#d2 ,BELGIUM #e#a#d4#a40 

,IF ! DESIRE ( HUMANITY IS TO F>M 9 SEP>ATE LITTLE 
PAT*ES1 9/EAD ( ON L>GE COOP]ATIVE F>MS1 WELL & GOOD2 SOCIETY 
MU/ MEET ?AT NE$4 ,LET IT NOT BE ?\<T1 H[EV]1 ?AT TO CUT ! L& 
UP 9TO SMALL HOLD+S1 PRIVATELY [N$1 PRIVATELY WORK$1 ) !IR PRODUCE 
PRIVATELY SOLD 9 COMPETITION1 IS AN EASI] & MORE PRACTICAL SOLUTION 
?AN ?AT ( COMMON [N]%IP ( ! L& & ! WORK+ ( IT 9 GR\PS1 
) ! AID ( ALL ! RES\RCES ( ! COMMUNITY = ANY DEVELOPM5T 
REQUIR+ A SPECIAL EF=T4 

,SO LONG AS ! PRODUCE ( ! L& IS TO BE B\<T 
& SOLD1 !RE CAN BE NO ,COMMUNISM1 NOT EV5 ,/ATE ,SOCIALISM4 
,SO LONG AS MONEY IS 9 CIRCULATION & PR(ITS CAN BE MADE BY TRAD+1 
! EVILS ( CAPITALISM WILL REMA91 & MU/ GO ON GR[+4 ,HAVE WE NOT 
SE5 ! RETURN TO ,RUSSIA ( ! OLD B>B>\S CU/OMS 
 - 9H]ITANCE1 PAT5T LAW1 R5T 9T]E/1 & PR(IT1 & ALL ! O!R 
CAPITALI/ ME?ODS ( MIS-MANAG+ PRODUCTION & DI/RIBUTION1 & ( 
SURR\ND+ IT BY USELESS TOIL8 
,P,>,L,I,A,M,5,T ,O,R ,! ,S,O,V,I,E,T,S8 

,OBS]VE FUR!R ?AT ! ,/ATE REF]R$ TO 9 ! ,C4,P4,I4 
PROGRAM1 :I* W\LD [N ! HEAVY 9DU/RIES & GIVE A %>E ( WORK%OP 
CONTROL TO ! WORK]S1 W\LD REMA9 ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE4 ,IT W\LD REMA9 
! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE1 BECAUSE CAPITALISM W\LD REMA91 & BECAUSE IT W\LD 
BE ORGANIZ$ JU/ AS ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE IS ORGANIZ$ TO-DAY - ?R\< 
,P>LIAM5T1 UND] ! SPECIAL ,IRI% NAME1 ,DAIL ,EIREANN4 

,OBS]VE ?AT ! ,C4,P4,I4 PROGRAM MAKES NO M5TION 
( ,SOVIETS1 :I* W]E 
CONSID]$ ONE ( ! CRUCIAL PO9TS 9 ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL PROGRAM 
:5 ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL EM]G$4 

,SYLVIA ,PANKHUR/4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #d1 #bba 3 ,COMMUNISM ,V]SUS ,RE=M 9 ,IREL& -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,COMMUNISM ,V]SUS ,RE=M 9 ,IREL& -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/