,*APT] #ac 
,COMMUNISM 9 ,U4,S4,A4 

#aiceaice 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,GUY ,ALDR$ 

,TEXT 3 

,JU/ AFT] ! ,FRANCO-,PRUSSIAN ,W> ( #a#h#g1 ,M>X REASON$ 3 

0 ,G]MANY WILL BECOME A =MIDABLE RIVAL ( ,5GL&1 BUT ! ,FR5* B\RGEOISIE1 DI/RU/+ ,5GL&1 WILL SEEK AN ALLIANCE ) ,RUSSIA4 ,FR5* LOANS WILL DEVELOP ISL&S ( ,CAPITALISM 9 ! SEA ( ,RUSSIAN FEUDALISM1 BUT IF & :5 ,EUROPEAN W> COMES1 NEI!R ,RUSSIAN ,CAPITALISM NOR ITS CURRUPT FEUDALISM WILL BE /RONG 5\< TO SURVIVE ! %OCK4 ,P[] WILL PASS TO ! WORK]S & PEASANTS1 ) ! POSSIBILITY ( ! REVOLUTION>Y ELEM5TS GIV+ ! NEXT IMPORTANT IMPULSE TO SOCIAL ADVANCE40 

,?IS WAS A WOND]FUL PROPHECY1 BAS$1 ( C\RSE1 UPON KN[L$GE1 AS ALL PROPHECY & VISION IS4 ,IT IS A PITY ?AT ! IMPORTANT IMPULSE TO SOCIAL ADVANCE GIV5 BY ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION WAS NOT SU/A9$4 

,L591 AS A FAI?FUL ,M>XI/1 9 ! FIR/ DAYS ( ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 NOT)/&+ HIS AMAZ+ COMPROMISES1 DID EXPECT ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION TO BE ! REAL 9SPIR] ( WORLD REVOLUTION & ! V]Y C5T] ( PROLET>IAN ?\<T & ACTION4 ,HE DECL>$ ) F]VOR ?AT LIFE ITSELF WAS ) ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL1 & ?AT AL?\< ! ,COMMUNI/S ( ! ,SOVIET ,UNION MI<T MAKE MI/AKES1 ALL REVOLUTIONI/S 9 ! WORLD W\LD HAVE TO JO9 IT4 ,IF ?IS F]V5T AV[AL SEEM$ TO BE TRUE :5 ,L59 MADE IT1 IT MU/ FOLL[ ?AT ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL DEVELOP$ ALONG L9ES NOT 9T5D$ OR SUSPECT$ AT ! TIME4 ,EV5 9 #aib IT WAS OBVI\S TO MANY ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>IANS ?AT !RE WAS NO PLACE 9 ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL = G5U9E REVOLUTIONI/S4 ,EA* SUCCE$+ YE> PROV$ ?AT ! HI/ORIC FUNCTION ( ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL WAS TO REPUDIATE /EADILY ! WORLD REVOLUTIONI/ & TO JU/IFY JAIL+S & EXILES ?AT NO REVOLUTIONI/ CAN DEF5D OR EXCUSE4 ,IT IS NOT ?AT ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL MADE MI/AKES4 ,! ]RORS ( ! ,COM9T]N W]E NOT MI/AKES BUT CALCULATIONS4 ,! 5TIRE ORGANIZATION WAS ! CRIM9AL C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y AFT]MA? ( GLORI\S & TRIUMPHANT 9SURRECTION4 

,CRIM9AL C\NT]-REVOLUTION SPREAD \T ITS T5TACLES FROM ,MOSC[ & GRASP$ & CRU%$ ! ,SOCIALI/ OR ,COMMUNI/ MOVEM5T 9 EV]Y CIVILIZ$ C\NTRY4 ,! RECORD ( ITS DISA/] WAS MEASUR$ NOT M]ELY BY ! CORRUPTION ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY BUT BY ! EVOLUTION ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,OPPOSITION & BY ! CONT9U\S EXPULSIONS ?AT S]V$ AS SO MANY MILE-/ONES4 ,BY 0 ,OPPOSITIONS 0 ! READ] MU/ NOT UND]/& ! V>I\S ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>Y SECTIONS1 SOME ( !M CONCEIV$ BE=E ! ,COMMUNI/ LNT]NATIONAL1 & O!RS DEF9ITELY EM]G+ FROM ITS RANKS4 ,! WORD 0 ,OPPOSITION 0 IS LIMIT$ 9 ITS APPLICATION TO ?OSE ELEM5TS 9 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 :O W]E COMPELL$ TO =M FACTIONS 9 DEF5SE ( !IR PR9CIPLES2 :O REG>D$ !MSELVES AS HAV+ TO R5D] ALLEGIANCE TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY DESPITE !IR FACTIONAL PR9CIPLES 2 :O WANT$ TO RE=M ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL FROM )91 & W]E EXCLUD$ AGA9/ !IR WI%ES & FROM ! LOGIC ( EV5TS4 ,9 ! 5D1 !SE 0 OPPOSITIONS 0 DISSOCIAT$ !MSELVES FROM ! ,COM9T]N & ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ! ,SOVIET ,UNION ) TREM5D\S RELUCTANCE4 ,! CANT PHRASE ( ABUSE 9 CONNECTION ) !SE SECTIONS WAS ! *>GE ( 0 ,TROTSKYISM10 :I* HAD MU* ! SAME SIGNIFICANCE 9 PO/-REVOLUTION ,MOSC[ CIRCLES AS ! WORD 0 9FIDEL 0 HAD TO ! CRUSAD+ ,*RI/IAN OR ! ,MOHAMM$AN1 & ! WORD 0 ,AN>*I/ 0 TO ! PRE-W> ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRAT4 ,SOMETIMES ,TROTSKYISM WAS US$ AS ! C\NT]-*>GE AGA9/ ! ,/AL9I/S BY C]TA9 SECTIONS ( ! ,RI<T ,W+1 BUT F9ALLY ALL E,IEM5TS ( OPPOSITION ?AT W]E NOT PREP>$ TO RETURN TO ! ,/AL9I/ FOLD TOOK ON SOME PHASE ( ,TROTSKYISM 2 & ,TROTSKYISM AT LA/ LIQUIDAT$ ITSELF 9 A SEMI-CRITICAL & FANTA/IC MILIT>I/ LOYALISM ( ! SECOND WORLD W>4 ,?IS COMPLET$ ! CIRCLE ( PO/ ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION>Y ?\<T :I* LEFT ! ,REVOLUTION ( ! WORLD'S PROLET>IAT TO PURSUE ITS [N ?\<T AS ?\< ! GREAT ,BOL%EVIK ,REVOLUTION WAS SOME ALI5 EPISODE =EIGN TOO ! REAL /RUGGLE ( ! WORLD'S PROLET>IAT OR SOME VILLAGE 9CID5T F> REMOV$ FROM ! G5]AL EVOLUTION ( PROLET>IAN /RUGGLE4 

,TROTSKYISM & 9T]NAL P>TY ,OPPOSITION CAME 9TO EXI/5CE :5 ! ,5L>G$ ,EXECUTIVE MEET+ ( ! ,ELEV5? ,SESSION ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL MET AT ,MOSC[ ON ,APRIL #b#cRD1 #a#i#b#e1 TO =MALLY D5\NCE ,TROTSKYISM4 ,NO ONE DEF5D$ ,TROTSKY'S POSITION1 & AT ! CONCLUSION ( ! PROCE$+S1 ,BU*>9 WAS GREET$ ) APPLAUSE1 :5 HE =MALLY CLOS$ ! 0 DISCUSSION 0 6 ,BU*>9 PREP>$ ! WAY = HIS [N EXPULSION & LAT] EXECUTION4 ,!RE COMM5C$ A SY/EM ( H]ESY-HUNT+ AMONG ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TIES ( ! WORLD1 :I* R$UC$ ,/AL9ISM TO AN ABSURDITY & ELEVAT$ ,TROTSKYISM 9TO A MAGNIFIC5T H]ESY4 ,AS1 ! EXPULSIONS 9CREAS$1 ! FACTIONS1 F9ANCIALLY WEAK1 BUT 9TELLECTUALLY /RONG1 =M$ !MSELVES 9TO ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION4 ,O!R FACTIONS ACCUS$ ( ,TROTSKYISM1 & C\NT] ACCUS+ ! ,/AL9I/S ( ! SAME (F5SE1 =M$ ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,COMMUNI/ ,OPPOSITION4 ,9 #a#i#c#b1 WE F9D !SE FACTIONS BR\<T TOGE!R = DISCUSSION1 ) ! RESULT ?AT ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,COMMUNI/ ,OPPOSITION BECAME ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION4 ,?REAT5+ TO BECOME A G5U9E MOVEM5T1 ! ,TROTSKYI/ MOVEM5T DECL>$ = A ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL :I* HAD BE5 PIONE]$ BY ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>IANS4 ,REP5T+ ( ITS BOLDNESS1 IT RETREAT$ AT ! 5D ( #a#i#c#d1 & L9K$ ITSELF UP ) ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY1 ?AT ,BOL%EVISM HAD PRET5D$ TO OPPOSE = SO MANY YE>S1 BUT ( :I* IT WAS ACTUALLY AN 9TEGRAL P>T4 ,IT MU/ NOT BE CONCLUD$ ?AT ! RECORD ( ,TROTSKYISM DUR+ ?IS P]IOD ( OPPOSITION WAS WOR?LESS OR FUTILE4 ,TROTSKYISM GAVE ! WORK+-CLASS MOVEM5T AN 9VALUABLE HI/ORY ( PROLET>IAN DEVELOPM5T & SUPPLI$ AN UNANSW]ABLE COMM5T>Y ON ! DEVELOPM5T ( AN AU?ORIT>IAN BUREAUCRATIC P>TY DICTATOR%IP OV] ! WORK+-CLASS & ITS /RUGGLES4 

,BY #a#i#c#c1 ! ,COMMUNI/ MOVEM5T1 9SPIR$ BY ,MOSC[1 WAS DIVID$ 9TO ! USUAL ?REE FACTIONS ( ,LEFT1 ,RI<T & ,C5T]4 ,S9CE ! MOVEM5T HAD COLLAPS$ 9 ,EUROPE1 ! *IEF BATTLEGR\ND ( !SE GR\PS WAS ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ( ,AM]ICA4 ,H]E !Y PROCE$$ TO LIQUIDATE !MSELVES4 

,! LEA/ RADICAL ( ! ,COMMUNI/ DIVISIONS 9 ,AM]ICA WAS ! ,LOVE/ONE GR\P4 ,ITS LEAD]1 ,JAY ,LOVE/ONE1 WAS EXPELL$ FROM ! ,C4,P4 7,U4,S4,A47 BY ORD]S ( ,MOSC[1 9 #a#i#b#i4 ,HE WAS ACCUS$ ( ,RI<T ,OPPORTUNI/ LIQUIDATION & ALSO ( TAK+ ! SAME POSITION AS ! ,TROTSKYI/S ( ! ,U4,S4,A41 ,LOVE1 ,CANNON1 ETC4 

,ACTUALLY1 ,LOVE/ONE HAD NO?+ 9 COMMON ) ,LOVE1 :O WAS CONDEMN$ AT ! #aibe ,MOSC[ ,5L>G$ ,EXECUTIVE ALREADY M5TION$4 ,AT ?IS SELECT GA!R+1 ,LOVEISM WAS DESCRIB$ AS 0 A MANIFE/ATION ( ,TROTSKYISM 9 ,AM]ICA40 ,IT WAS ADD$ ?AT 0 ,LOVE1 ! $ITOR ( \R ,G]MAN ORGAN1 ! ,VOLKS ,ZEITUNG1 SUPPORTS ,TROTSKY '9 EV]Y WAY HE CAN1' & CRITICIZES & OPPOSES ! P>TY'S WORK & 9FLU5CE AMONG ! F>M]S ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES40 ,ON :I* IT MAY BE COMM5T$ ?AT ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 AS ! AV[$ P>TY ( ! LABOR]S1 HAD NO RI<T TO BE ADDRESS+ ITSELF TO ! F>M]S ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES OR ANY O!R C\NTRY4 

,9 ,AUGU/1 #a#i#b#i1 ! ,E4,C4,C4,I4 AT ,MOSC[1 BY CABLE TO ! ,C4,P4 7,U4,S4,A47 9/RUCT$ ! EXPULSION ( ,B5JAM9 ,GITL[ & O!RS = ACT+ AS (FICIAL LEAD]S ( ! ,LOVE/ONE GR\P2 & ,H]B]T ,ZAM & O!RS = HAV+ SOLID>IS$ !MSELVES ) ?IS GR\P4 ,MEMB]S ( ! P>TY 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES W]E W>N$ 0 ?AT ANY DEF5SE ( ,LOVE/ONE ,OPPORTUNI/ OP9IONS 0 & 0ANY POLITICAL RELATIONS 5T]$ 9TO WIT? HIM0 W]E 09COMPATIBLE ) MEMB]%IP ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY40 ,IT WAS ADD$ 0 ?AT SU* WAV]+ ELEM5TS %\LD MAKE A DEF9ITE *OICE0 & EI!R JO9 ,LOVE/ONE 0 9 ! SWAMP ( ! R5EGADES ( ,COMMUNISM 0 OR ELSE TAKE !IR /& BY ,MOSC[4 

,H]ESY IS A RAPID GR[? 9 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,OR?ODOX & APPLAUD$ ONE YE>1 ! A/ONI%$ COMRADE F9DS HIMSELF EXCOMMUNICAT$ & LEPR\S ! NEXT4 ,ONE DAY1 HE IS ! HI< PRIE/1 & NO ONE IS TO BE COMP>$ ) HIM = G5IUS & UND]/&+ ( ALL ! SUBTLE MEAN+S ( ,COMMUNISM & ! ,SOCIAL ,W>4 ,! NEXT DAY1 HE IS A V]ITABLE IGNORAMUS1 AN ILLIT]ATE1 AN IMPOSSIBLE ASSOCIATE :O KN[S NO?+ ( ,COMMUNISM1 NEV] WILL KN[ ANY?+ ( ,COMMUNISM1 & NEV] DID KN[ ANY?+ ( ,COMMUNISM4 ,HE IS NOT M]ELY AN IMBECILE BUT A PR$E/9$ IMBECILE1 PROCE$+ FROM ! CRADLE TO ! GRAVE ALONG A FATAL PA? ( PR$ET]M9$ IGNORANCE4 

,ONLY ! YE> BE=E HIS EXPULSION1 ,JAY ,LOVE/ONE HAD BE5 ! ,EXECUTIVE ,SECRET>Y ( ! ,WORK]S 7,COMMUNI/7 ,P>TY4 ,HIS WRIT+S W]E ADV]TIS$ 9 ! ,AM]ICAN ,DAILY ,WORK] AS ! PURE WORD ( ,L59ISM ?US 3 

0,A,M,],I,C,A ,P,R,E,P,>,E,S ,! ,N,E,X,T ,W,>4 

0,BY ,J,A,Y ,L,O,V,E,/,O,N,E4 

0 ,! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES IS PREP>+ = ANO!R W>4 ,:Y80 

,H]E FOLL[$ ! /ATEM5T ( ! DIFF]5T *APT]S ON ! ROLE ( ,AM]ICAN ,IMP]IALISM2 ,UNIT$ ,/ATES V]SUS ,GREAT ,BRITA92 ! ,ROLE ( ,RE=MISM 2 & ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 ETC4 ,! ANN\NCEM5T 

ADD$ 3 -- 

0 ,?IS PAMPHLET %\LD BE 9 ! H&S ( EV]Y WORK] 9T]E/$ 9 A CLE> ANALYSIS ( ,AM]ICA TO-DAY & ! ATTITUDE ( ! ,WORK]S' ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY T[>DS ! COM+ W>40 

,AS REG>DS ,GITL[1 ! SAME ,DAILY ,WORK] = ,NOVEMB] #cRD1 #d?1 & #e?1 #a#i#b#h1 ADVIS$ US :AT A GREAT REVOLUTION>Y FIGURE' HE WAS4 ,WE >E TOLD ?AT 05?USIASM & MASS SOLID>ITY GREET$ ,B5JAM9 ,GITL[1 ,COMMUNI/ ,VICE-,PRESID5TIAL C&IDATE10 AT ,NEW ,B$=D4 ,HE RECEIV$ 0AN 5?USIA/IC OVATION0 & WAS MET ) 0! S++ ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL40 ,! TIDBIT FOLL[S 3 0A NUMB] ( WORK+ WOM5 BR\<T A B\QUET ( FL[]S :I* !Y HAD GA!R$40 

,BIG HEAD+S DISPLAY$ RI<T ACROSS ! FRONT PAGE ( ! ,DAILY ,WORK] 9=M US3 

0#b1 ,9 ,N4,Y4 ,R,$ ,E,L,E,C,T,I,O,N ,R,A,L,L,Y ,A,T ,G,>,D,53 0,F,O,/,] ,& ,G,I,T,L,[ ,H,E,A,D #b#e1 ,9 ,G,I,A,N,T ,P,>,A,D,E40 

,SUB-HEAD+S READ 3 

0,W,O,R,K,],S ,H,A,I,L ,C,O,M,M,U,N,I,/ ,N,O,M,9,E,E,S ,A,T ,H,U,G,E ,M,E,E,T4 

0,T,W,5,T,Y-,M,9,U,T,E ,O,V,A,T,I,O,N ,G,R,E,E,T,S ,F,O,/,] ,& 0,G,I,T,L,[3 ,W,O,R,K,],S ,A,C,C,L,A,I,M ,R,$ ,P,R,O,G,R,A,M40 

,! LETT]PRESS EXPLA9$ ?AT1 ON ,SUNDAY1 ,NOVEMB] #d?1 #a#i#b#h1 ,B5JAM9 ,GITL[ ) ,FO/] WAS MET ) A RO> ( MI<TY WELCOME FROM #b1 WORK]S AT A DEMON/RATION 9 ,MADISON ,SQU>E ,G>D51 ,NEW ,YORK4 ,HE RECEIV$ A ?UND]\S OVATION & F\ND HIMSELF ! C5T] ( A SEA ( SURG+ R$ SPLA%$ ) R$ PO/] SLOGANS ?AT COV]$ ! HI< >EA ( ,MADISON ,SQU>E ,G>D54 ,! AUDI5CE EXPRESS$ ITS COMMUNI/ EMOTIONS ) HORNS1 :I/LES & O!R NOISE-MAK+ APP>ATUS4 ,! 5TIRE SC5E SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 A CROSS BETWE5 ! TAK+ ( ! ,BA/ILLE & A VISIT TO ,CONY ,ISL&4 ,:5 ,GITL[ APPE>$ ON ! PLAT=M !RE WAS A TREM5D\S \TBUR/ ( COMMUNI/ *E]+1 & SO ON4 ,! PREVI\S DAY !RE HAD BE5 A HUGE DEMON/RATION FROM ,P>K ,AV5UE TO ,UNION ,SQU>E4 ,GITL[ & ,FO/] SAT 9 SEP>ATE MOTOR-C>S PLAC>D$ ) ,C4 ,P4 SLOGANS4 ,!Y SMIL$ & B[$ AT WELCOMES ( FLA%LI<TS1 %\T+ & TOOT+ ( HORNS4 ,9 ! RE> ( EA* C> TWO ,Y\NG ,COMMUNI/ ,PIONE]S /OOD AT ! SALUTE AS ! C>S FOLL[$ SL[LY ! ,R$ ,FLAG :I* HEAD$ ! L9E4 ,?IS WAS DEEM$ A GREAT EV5T AS ?IS WAS ! FIR/ TIME ?AT ! ,R$ ,FLAG1 =BIDD5 UND] ! ,LUSK ,LAWS1 HAD APPE>$ ON ! /REETS ( ,NEW ,YORK S9CE #a#i#a#i4 ,?US ! WORK]S W]E P]SUAD$1 B5EA? BIG HEADL9ES1 BY ! ,DAILY ,WORK].<I.> ?AT ,B5JAM9 ,GITL[ WAS ONE ( ! GREATE/ COMMUNI/S ! WORLD HAD KN[N4 

,! IDEA ( ,GITL['S GREATNESS WAS ! MA9 !SIS ( ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY PUBLICITY 9 ! COLUMNS ( ! .<I.>,DAILY ,WORK] = ! YE> #a#i#b#h4 ,ON ,MAY #b#h? ( ?AT YE>1 ?IS ORGAN1 :I* SUBSEQU5TLY SL&]$ ,GITL[ \T ( ALL RECOGNITION TO HIMSELF1 & EXPECT$ ITS DUPES TO BELIEVE :ATEV] IT SAID1 :E!R ITS MOOD WAS HOT OR COLD1 DECL>$ 3 -- 

0 ,B,5,J,A,M,9 ,G,I,T,L,[4 

0,BORN ,ELIZABE?PORT1 ,N4,J41 ,DEC4 #b#b1 #a#h#i#a4 ,FA!R & MO!R BO? REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/S4 ,PUBLIC S*OOL $UCATION4 ,HI< S*OOL1 ?REE YE>S4 ,HAS WORK$ 9 T9 FOIL FACTORY1 CLO?+ %OPS1 MILL9]Y FACTORIES & DEP>TM5T /ORES4 

,JO9$ ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY1 #a#i#g4 ,PRESID5T ( ,RETAIL ,CL]KS' ,UNION ( ,NEW ,YORK1 AN ORGANIZATION ( DEP>TM5T /ORE WORK]S1 #a#i#a#c-#a#d4 ,BLACKLI/$ BY ,DEP>TM5T ,/ORE ,RETAIL ,M]*ANTS' ,ASSOCIATION4 ,MEMB] ( ! ,AMALGAMAT$ ,CLO?+ ,WORK]S ( ,AM]ICA S9CE #a#i#a#h4 ,ELECT$ TO ,NEW ,YORK LEGISLATURE ON ,SOCIALI/ TICKET4 ,ELECT$ AS ,SOCIALI/ ASSEMBLYMAN TO ! ,NEW ,YORK LEGISLATURE ON ANTI-W> PLAT=M ( #aiag -- ! ONLY ONE ( ! T5 ,SOCIALI/ ASSEMBLYM5 :O REMA9$ CONSI/5TLY ANTI-W>4 ,ACTIVELY F\<T AGA9/ ! LA/ IMP]IALI/ W>4 

,MANAG] ( ! ,NEW ,YORK 0 ,COMMUNI/10 0 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,AGE10 & 0 ,VOICE ( ,LABOR10 #a#i#a#h-#a#i4 ,MEMB] ( ! NATIONAL C\NCIL ( ! LEFT W+ ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY 9 #a#i#a#h-#a#i4 ,HELP$ TO ORGANIZE ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LABOR ,P>TY ( ,AM]ICA1 #a#i#a#i4 

,CONVICT$ AS A ,COMMUNI/ UND] ! ,NEW ,YORK CRIM9AL SYNDICALI/ LAW 9 #aiai & W5T TO ,S+ ,S+ PRISON TO S]VE A T]MM ( FIVE YE>S40 

,GITL['S EXPULSION = SUPPORT+ ,LOVE/ONE WAS A CONSI/5T EXPRESSION ( ! ZIG-ZAG POLICY ( ,/AL9ISM4 ,! ,LOVE/ONE POLICY WAS 9/RUCT$ BY ,MOSC[ 9 #a#i#b#c1 & WAS CLAIM$ ONE YE> LAT] TO BE ! BASIS ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,P>TY'S 0 TREM5D\S SUCCESS 0 DUR+ ?AT YE>4 ,IT WAS A POLICY ?AT REQUIR$ SEV]AL YE>S' CONSECRAT$ DEVOTION = ITS SUCCESSFUL DEVELOPM5T4 ,GITL[ WAS EXPELL$ = PURSU+ IT AS A S]I\S POLICY & NOT REG>D+ IT AS A PASS+ EXP$I5T1 A M]E POLITICAL IRRITATION1 OR IMPO/URE4 

,EV]Y ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY LEAD] 9 ! ,U4,S4,A4 PURSU$ ! SAME C\RSE AS ,GITL[4 ,ONLY !Y TURN$ :5 ! ,GREAT ,BE> TOLD ITS LITTLE *ILDR5 TO TURN4 ,EXPLA9+ HIS 5?USIASM = A F>M]-LABOR P>TY1 ,W4 ,Z4 ,FO/]1 AS $ITOR1 9 ! ,LABOR ,H]ALD1 = ,M>*1 #a#i#b#c1 DECL>$ 3 0,A ,LABOR ,P>TY IS ONE ( ! MO/ VITAL NE$S ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,LABOR ,MOVEM5T40 ,! REPORT ( ! ,C5TRAL ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE TO ! ,?IRD ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TION ( ! ,WORK]S' ,P>TY1 PUBLI%$ 9 ,! ,WORK] = ,JANU>Y #a#b1 #a#i#b#d1 NAIVELY /AT$ ?AT ! ,F>M]-,LABOR POLICY WAS 0! GREATE/ /EP =W>D 0 MADE BY ! ,P>TY S9CE ITS F\NDATION1 & AV[$ ?AT ?IS WAS ! 0CORRECT0 POLICY 0 F9ALLY =MULAT$40 ,CORRECT POLICY 6 ,= MA9TA9+ :I*1 ,GITL[ WAS EXPELL$4 

,TIME HAS E/ABLI%$ ?AT ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL NEV] =MULAT$ CORRECT POLICIES 3 & ( ALL ITS POLICIES1 !1 MO/ ABSURD WAS ! ,F>M]-,LABOR POLICY4 ,IT DECL>$ ?AT ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 IMM$IATELY AFT] ! ,JULY #cRD1 #a#i#b#c1 ,CONF]5CE1 0LAUN*$ A CAMPAIGN TO ASSI/ 9 ! ORGANIZATION ( ! ,F$]AT$ ,F>M]-,LABOR ,P>TY 02 ?AT ! P>TY UNITS HAD TO RAISE ?IS ISSUE 9 ALL LOCAL UNIONS1 CO-OP]ATIVES1 ETC4 2 ?AT 9 NOT 0 A S+LE 9/ANCE 0 HAD 0 A MI/AKE 0 BE5 MADE 9 ADOPT+ ?IS POLICY2 ?AT 0! ORGANIZATION ( ! ,F$]AT$ ,F>M]-,LABOR ,P>TY 0 HAD 0 GREATLY /R5G!N$ ! POSITION ( ! ,WORK]S' ,P>TY10 I4E41 ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 

,! REPORT ALSO SAID 3 

0 ,DUR+ ! PA/ YE> ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES HAS BECOME A REAL POLITICAL FACTOR40 

,! TRU? IS1 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY HAS NEV] BE5 A POLITICAL FACTOR 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES NOR 9 ANY O!R C\NTRY4 

,GITL[ OBVI\SLY C\LD NOT BE BLAM$ BY ! ,C4,P4 = /ICK+ TO ! ,F>M]-,LABOR P>TY !SIS4 ,HE DID SO & F\ND HIMSELF 9 A M9ORITY ( ONE 9 CONSEQU5CE4 ,DESPITE HIS /ATUS 9 ! P>TY HIS P]SI/5CY 9 ! MATT] 9VOLV$ HIS SUBSEQU5T EXPULSION4 

,)9 A YE> ( 5UNCIAT+ ! ,F>M]-,LABOR SLOGAN1 ,FO/] DECL>$ ?AT IT HAD LO/ ITS P[]4 ,HE RECEIV$ ! SUPPORT ( ! MAJORITY ( ! ,G4,E4,C4 ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,WORK]S' 7,COMMUNI/7 ,P>TY1 :O HAD DECL>$ IT TO BE A CORRECT POLICY 9 ! ANNUAL REPORT ALREADY SUMM>IZ$4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL ORD]$ ! ,RU!NB]G 7,M9ORITY7 & ,FO/] 7,MAJORITY7 ,GR\PS TO WORK TOGE!R1 & REPUDIATE ! IDEOLOGY ( ,LOVE1 :OM ! ,FO/] ,GR\P HAD DEF5D$ 9 ! ,C\NCIL1 ,FO/] VOT+ = ,LOVE ?IRTY TIMES DUR+ ! ?IRTY BALLOTS TAK5 BETWE5 ,M>* #g & ,DECEMB] #a1 #a#i#b#d4 ,AT ?AT TIME ,LOVE WAS DEF5D+ ,TROTSKY'S POSITION4 

,WRIT+ 9 ! ,NEW ,YORK ,VOLKS ,ZEITUNG1 = ,JANU>Y #f1 #a#i#b#d1 ,LOVE AV]R$ ?AT AL?\< ,TROTSKY WAS 0 9 A M9ORITY 0 9 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 0 9 ! 5D HE WILL PROVE TO BE RI<T40 ,YET1 :5 ,GITL[ WAS EXPELL$ HE WAS ACCUS$ ( ACT+ AS LEAD] ( A GR\P ?AT ADOPT$ ,LOVE'S POSITION 6 ,GIV+ A ,ROL& = AN ,OLIV]1 ,GITL[ RETORT$ BY D5\NC+ ! ,/AL9I/S AS 0 ,TROTSKYI/S10 & AT A LAT] DATE OPPOS$ ,LOVE/ONE'S APPROA* TO ,BR&L]1 ,AMT]1 ETC41 ON ?IS GR\ND4 

,CANNON1 AFT]W>DS ( ! ,TROTSKYI/ ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE1 SUPPORT$ ! ,F>M]-,LABOR POLICY1 & ALLI$ HIMSELF ) ,PEPP]1 ! ,HUNG>IAN ,COMMUNI/1 :O PLAY$ A C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y P>T DUR+ ! ,HUNG>IAN ,REVOLUTION4 ,AS 0 ,PEPP] 0 HE W5T TO ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & BECAME LEAD] ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,P>TY4 ,A NOTORI\S ADV5TUR]1 HE WAS VIOL5TLY OPPOS$ TO ,TROTSKY S9CE ! ,?IRD ,CONGRESS ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL1 SOMETIMES POS+ AS AN 0 ULTRA-,LEFTI/10 AT O!RS AS A PURE 0 ,RI<T ,W+]40 ,HE WAS EXPELL$ FROM ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL = SUPPORT+ ,BU*>91 BUT RETURN$ TO ! ,SOVIET ,UNION AFT] HIS ,AM]ICAN ADV5TURES4 ,9 #a#i#b#e1 ,CANNON SUPPORT$ ,LOVE/ONE AGA9/ ,TROTSKY4 

,LOVE/ONE OPPOS$ ! APPLICATION TO ! ,C4,P41 ,U4,S4,A41 ( ! DECISIONS ( ! #i? ,PL5UM ( ! ,E4,C4,C4,L1 ,FEBRU>Y1 #a#i#b#h1 & ID5TIFI$ HIMSELF ) ,PEPP]4 ,AFT] ,BR&L]'S EXPULSION1 ! ,LOVE/ONE ,GR\P SUPPORT$ HIS POLICY1 & =M$ ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,COMMUNI/ ,OPPOSITION4 

,! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE ( ,AM]ICA1 OR ,TROTSKYI/ ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION1 WAS =M$ 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES 9 ,NOVEMB]1 #a#i#b#h4 ,! SAME MON? IT ISSU$ ITS PAP]1 ,! ,MILITANT1 :I*1 :ATEV] ONE'S CRITICISM ( ! POLITICAL HI/ORY ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE MAY BE1 DES]VES TREM5D\S CR$IT = ITS CONSI/5T $UCATIONAL PROPAG&A4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE TOOK ! /& ?AT ! FIR/ F\R ,CONGRESSES ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL W]E V9DICAT$1 & ?AT ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL M>*$ =W>D TILL #a#i#b#c4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE DEM&$ ! RE-9/ATEM5T ( ! ,OPPOSITION & URG$ ?AT ! WORK]S ( ,EUROPE %\LD ADOPT ! SLOGAN 30,SOVIET ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ( ,EUROPE40 

,D[N TO ! CITY ELECTIONS ( ,JUNE1 #a#i#c#c1 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE SUPPORT$ ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY C&IDATES1 ON ! GR\ND ?AT IT WAS1 AL?\< ! ,OPPOSITION1 AN 9TEGRAL P>T ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,9 ,! ,MILITANT1 = ,MAY #b#g1 #a#i#c#c1 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE PUBLI%$ A LETT] TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 DAT$ ,MAY #a#i1 CRITICIZ+ ! P>TY 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS = MAK+ A ,UNIT$ ,FRONT ,WORK]S' ,TICKET 9/EAD ( A /RAI<T ,COMMUNI/ TICKET4 ,! ,LEAGUE PL$G$ ITS FULL SUPPORT TO ! P>TY 9 ITS CAMPAIGN1 CRITICISM NOT)/&+4 

,DUR+ ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 ,MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS ( #a#i#c#a1 ,! ,MILITANT C>RI$ ! SLOGAN1 0 ,VOTE ,COMMUNISM10 MEAN+ ,VOTE ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,DESPITE ! ,OPPOSITION'S EXCELL5T & 9=M+ CRITICISMS ( ,/AL9ISM1 ! ,C4,P4 PROGRAM IT SUPPORT$ WAS A MASS ( ABSURD RE=MISM1 AS IT IS EVID5C$ BY ! 0 CAMPAIGN LIT]ATURE 0 ISSU$ BY ! P>TY 2 

7#a7 ,COMMUNI/ ,ELECTION ,PROGRAM2 

7#b7 ,COMMUNI/ ,CALL TO ! ,TOIL+ ,F>M]S 2 

7#c7 ,UNEMPLOYM5T ,RELIEF & ,SOCIAL ,9SURANCE4 

,! FIR/ C>RI$ A LI/ ( OV] #f 0 IMM$IATE DEM&S10 ?AT IS1 RE=M MEASURES1 DE/9$ TO /R5G!N ! ,CAPITALI/ ,/ATE4 ,IT WAS SIMPLE ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>LIAM5T>ISM4 

,FROM ! ,TOIL+ ,F>M]S PAMPHLET1 PAGE #a#a1 SUB-TITLE1 0 ,H[ TO ,GET ,BETT] ,PRICES 01 ,I SELECT ?IS GEM 3 -- 

0 ,\T ( ! MIS]Y & HUNG] ( MILLIONS ( TOIL]S ( CITY & F>M !SE MONOPILIES CO9 5ORM\S =TUNES = !MSELVES UND] ! PROTECTION ( CAPITALI/ LAW :I* MAKES PRIVATE PROP]TY & PRIVATE PR(ITS FROM TRADE SACR$4 ,ONLY :5 CAPITALISM IS OV]?R[N1 :5 ! POOR & OPPRESS$ ( CITY & C\NTRY RISE 9 UNIT$ REVOLUTION>Y ACTION AGA9/ ! ROBB] CAPITALI/ CLASS & E/ABLI% !IR [N ,WORK]S' & ,F>M]S' ,GOV]NM5T1 CAN !SE CONDITIONS BE 5D$4 ,ONLY SU* A GOV]NM5T WILL \TLAW ! ROBB]S ( ! TOIL]S & FIX PRICES SO ?AT ! CITY WORK]S PAY LESS1 & TOIL+ F>M]S GET MORE = F>M PRODUCTS40 

,9 O!R WORDS 9 ORD] ?AT ! 0 SMALL & MIDDLE F>M] 0 MI<T SECURE BETT] PRICES = PRODUCTS RAIS$ ) ANTIQUAT$ ME?ODS1 CAPITALISM MU/ BE OV]?R[N 6 ,! ,SOCIALI/ ,REPUBLIC WILL SEE TO IT ?AT ! PETTY F>M] UND] 0 ,SOCIALISM 0 RECEIVES R$UCTION 9 TAXES1 RELIEF FROM MORTGAGES1 HI<] PRICES = !IR PRODUCTS 7) HI<] WAGES = CITY WORK]S SO ?AT !IR 9CREAS$ PUR*AS+ P[] MAY 5ABLE !M TO PAY ! HI<] PRICES ASK$ BY ! PETTY F>M]S 671 ETC41 ETC4 ,BY P>ITY ( REASON+ ! PETTY CORN] GROC] & SMALL MANUFACTUR] WILL LIKEWISE SURVIVE 9 ! NEW SOCIAL SY/EM & WILL LIKEWISE BE 0 SAV$ 0 9 L9E ) ! A=EM5TION$ RECIPE4 ,WAS EV] SU* HUMBUG1 SU* REACTION>Y IMBECILITY ADVANC$8 ,ADVANC$ BRAZ5LY1 & ) 9CR$IBLE IMPUD5CE1 9 ! NAME ( ,M>XISM 6 ,& SUPPORT$ BY ! ,TROTSKYI/ ,OPPOSITION :O CRI$ 30 ,VOTE ,COMMUNI/ 0 6 

,IMM$IATELY FOLL[+ ! EXC]PT QUOT$1 WE READ 3 

0 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY DEM&S ! REPEAL ( ALL SU* T>IFFS & ,9,D,I,R,E,C,T ,T,A,X,E,S ON ! POOR 9 ! 9T]E/S ( ! RI*40 

,LITTLE TIME NE$1 BE WA/$ ON ! ?IRD ( ! PAMPHLET TR9ITY 9 ! ,/AL9I/ 0 ,COMMUNI/ 0 !OLOGY1 VIZ41 0 ,UNEMPLOYM5T ,RELIEF & ,SOCIAL ,9SURANCE2 0 ,DEM&S >E MADE = A SEV5 H\R DAY1 :5 ECONOMIC DICTATES1 ! MAXIMUM REQUIR$ BE TWO OR ?REE H\RS AT ! MO/6 

,) RESPECT TO ! SPECIAL CASE ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES BANK DEPOSITORS1 ! ,DAILY ,WORK] 9 ITS ,ISSUE ( ,OCTOB] #b#g1 #a#i#c#a1 REPORT$ ?AT ,I4 ,AMT]1 ! !N ,C4,P4 C&IDATE = ! BOR\< PRESID5CY ( ,MANHATT51 APPE>$ BE=E A GA!R+ ( AB\T #a1 ( !SE DEPOSITORS :O HAD MET TO HE> :AT ! POLITICIANS RUNN+ = (FICE HAD TO PROMISE !M 9 ! WAY ( SECUR+ RE/ITUTION4 ,A LETT] FROM ,NORMAN ,?OMAS1 ! ,S4,P4 C&IDATE = ! BOR\< PRESID5CY1 WAS READ1 :]E91 QUITE HONE/LY1 ,?OMAS TOLD !M ) 9CR$IBLE C&OR = HIS TYPE1 ?AT ! BOR\< PRESID5CY ( ,MANHATT5 C\LD DO NO?+ AB\T BANKS1 ETC4 ,( 9T]E/1 BY CONTRA/1 WAS ,AMT]'S ,C4,P4 P]=MANCE4 ,I QUOTE ! ,DAILY ,WORK]3 

0 ,A GREAT OVATION WAS GIV5 TO ,AMT] :5 HE WAS 9TRODUC$4 ,SEV]AL TIMES DUR+ HIS SPEE* HE WAS L\DLY APPLAUD$4 ' ,NORMAN ,?OMAS SAYS 9 HIS LETT] ?AT HE DOES NOT KN[ :AT HE C\LD DO IF ELECT$ BOR\< PRESID5T4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY PL$GES TO Y\ ?AT IF ,I BE ELECT$1 ,I'LL USE ALL MY (FICIAL P[] AS BOR\< PRESID5T1 TO ORGANIZE ALL ! #d1 WORK]S & SMALL DEPOSITORS1 = A MILITANT FI<T TO GET !IR MONEY BACK1' SAID ,AMT]40 

,ONLY A ?OR\< FAKIR C\LD HAVE MADE SU* A PROMISE 6 ,?REE DAYS LAT]1 ! ,DAILY ,WORK] C>RI$ A FRONT PAGE >TICLE1 FEATUR$ ) A FIVE COLUMN SC>E-L9E HEAD+ 3 0,FI<T = ,Y\R ,BABY'S ,MILK0 6 ,! >TICLE CRITICIZ$ V>I\S EF=TS MADE BY O!R RE=M BODIES TO PURIFY ! MILK SUPPLY1 & CONCLUD$ 3 

0 ,! ISSUE IS1 BETWE5 ! MILK COMPANIES1 ( :O GETS ! PR(ITS1 ! LOOSE MILK COMPANIES1 OR ! BOTTL$ MILK TRU/4 ,BUT ?AT ISSUE IS ( NO CONC]N TO ,NEW ,YORK WORK]S4 ,:AT IS ( IMPORTANCE TO !M IS ! QUE/ION ( ,P,R,I,C,E4 ,9 ANO!R >TICLE WE WILL TAKE ?IS UP4 ,BUT H]E & N[ WE SAY3 ,D,E,M,& ,?,A,T ,M,I,L,K1 ,B,O,T,T,L,$ ,O,R ,L,O,O,S,E1 ,B,E ,S,O,L,D ,= ,N,O ,M,O,R,E ,?,A,N ,E,I,<,T ,C,5,T,S ,A ,Q,U,>,T60 

,LET ME ADMIT ?AT ! EMPHASIS IS M9E1 & LET ME ADD ?AT1 DUR+ ! CAMPAIGN MADE BY ,HILLQUIT = ! MAYORALTY ( ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY 9 #a#i#a#g1 ! 0 BURN+ ISSUE 0 WAS *EAP MILK = ! BABIES 6 ,! 0 ISSUE 0 WAS SYMBOLIZ$ BY DI/RIBUT+ BROADCA/ ADV]TIS+ MATT] 9 ! =M ( A MILK BOTTLE1 ) ! 9SCRIPTION1 0 ,FIVE C5T MILK & ,HILLQUIT10 ) ! IMPLICATION1 ( C\RSE1 ?AT IF ,HILIQUIT WAS ELECT$ MAYOR ( ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY1 MILK W\LD BE FIVE C5TS A QU>T 6 ,SO ?AT ! ,C4,P4 BACK$ BY ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE1 WAS SOME:AT BEH9D ! TIMES 9 RESPECT TO ?IS 0 BURN+ ISSUE40 ,EV5 AS 9 !IR DEM& = A %ORT] WORK+ DAY1 !Y RAIS$ ! ,I4,W4,W4 SLOGAN ( A SIX H\R DAY TO A SEV5 H\R DAY1 SO !Y 9CREAS$ ,HILLQUIT'S PRICE ( MILK FROM FIVE C5TS TO EI<T C5TS P] QU>T4 ,TO SUPPORT :I* WAS NOT ONLY ,/AL9ISM BUT ,TROTSKYISM ALSO 6 

,! ,MILITANT ADMITT$ 9 #aicd ?AT ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE DID NOT ATTEMPT TO CRITICIZE ! DETAILS ( ! ,C4,P4 ELECTION PLAT=M1 & REF]R$ /UD5TS TO ITS ,OCTOB] ISSUES = #aic & #a#i#c#b4 ,IT EXPLA9$ 3 

0 ?AT ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY IS ! ONLY WORK+-CLASS P>TY 9 ! FIELD1 ! ONLY REVOLUTION>Y P>TY 444 ,! ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION1 !RE=E1 RANGES ITSELF ALONGSIDE ITS P>TY1 & CALLS UPON EV]Y WORK] TO CA/ HIS VOTE = HIS P>TY1 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY40 

,! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE TOOK ?IS /& BECAUSE IT CONSID]$ ITSELF A FACTION ( ! P>TY 6 

,FOLL[+ ON ! ,P>IS ,CONF]5CE ( ,AUGU/1 #a#i#c#c1 ,LOVE/ONE1 9 HIS ORGAN1 ,! ,WORK]S' ,AGE1 = ,SEPTEMB] #a#e?1 #a#i#c#c1 ATTACK$ ,TROTSKYISM & 0 BR&$ 0 ALL ATTACKS ON 0,SOCIALISM 9 ,ONE ,C\NTRY 0 !ORY 0 AS DANG]\S ANTI-,BOL%EVISM40 ,! ,9T]NATIONAL ,COMMUNI/ ,OPPOSITION1 & ,! ,WORK]S' ,AGE1 F\<T 0 TO LIQUIDATE ! FALSE TACTICS ( ! ,C4,I41 & NOT TO OPPOSE ! POLICY ( ! ,C4,P,S4,U4 9 ! ,SOVIET ,UNION40 ,BUT ,H4 ,ZAM1 9 ,! ,WORK]S' ,AGE1 = ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c#c1 DECL>$ = A NEW ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & 9 EV]Y O!R CAPITALI/ C\NTRY1 & A NEW ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL1 \TSIDE ! ,SOVIET ,UNION1 & EXCLUSIVE ( ANY ,RUSSIAN SECTION4 ,A V]Y S\ND ADVANCE ON ,LOVE/ONE'S POSITION4 

,UN=TUNATELY1 ,ZAM DID NOT LA/ ! DI/ANCE4 ,9 ,NOVEMB]1 #a#i#c#d1 ) ,GITL[1 HE RETURN$ TO ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY4 ,! ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION OR ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE ( ,AM]ICA C\LD H>DLY HAVE EXPECT$ SU* A TOTAL COLLAPSE ( ,GITL['S ,COMMUNISM1 :5 IT MADE HIM ! GUE/ ( HONOR AT ITS #e? ,YE> ,BANQUET ,CELEBRATION1 AT ! ,/UYVESANT ,CAS9O1 ,NEW ,YORK1 ON ,NOVEMB] #d?1 #a#i#c#c4 ,BUT !N1 ! ,C4,L4,A4'S [N RECORD WAS NONE TOO GOOD & ITS GREAT T5D5CY TO BANQUETS1 & ITS ASSOCIATION AT !SE BANQUETS1 W]E ALMO/ AS BAD AS ! PETTY B\RGEOIS AFFILIATIONS & 5T]TA9M5TS ( ! ,C4,P4 ITSELF4 ,AT ?IS #e? ,YE> ,BANQUET1 :I* WAS ALSO CELEBRAT$ AS ! #a#f? ,ANNIV]S>Y ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION1 !RE W]E PRES5T ,E4 ,SU!RL& ,BATES1 A NOT$ PUBLICI/2 ,$W>D ,L+R51 :O WAS PROM95T 9 ! E>LY DAYS ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEFT ,W+ MOVEM5T & A SUPPORT] ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION 2 ,DIEGO ,RIV]A1 ! FAM\S >TI/2 ,SYDNEY ,HOOK1 ! ANTI-,M>XI/1 *IEF ( ! ,DEP>TM5T ( ,PHILOSOPHY AT ,NEW ,YORK ,UNIV]SITY1 :OM ,SWABECK ( ! ,C4,L4,A4 HAIL$ *E]ILY AS 0 ,COMRADE 02 & O!RS :OSE NAMES ,I HAVE OMITT$4 

,GITL[ WAS ACCOMPANI$ BY HIS AG$ MO!R1 :O REJOIC$ 9 ! HONOR PAID TO H] SON4 ,%A*TMAN EULOGIZ$ ,GITL[ & DECL>$ ?AT HE KNEW 9 #aibf ?AT A NEW ,9T]NATIONAL WAS NE$$ & ?AT HE HAD F\ND IT AT LA/4 ,IT IS A PITY ?AT1 9 VIEW ( ?IS KN[L$GE1 HIS P>TY %\LD HAVE WORK$ SO H>D TO RE=M ! #cRD ,9T]NATIONAL D[N TO ,SEPTEMB]1 #a#i#c#c4 ,GITL[ SPOKE ( ,COMMUNI/ P>TIES AS BE+ SOME?+ ?AT Y\ MU/ IMPOSE UPON ! MASSES & NOT A MOVEM5T ?AT CAME FROM !M1 = HE DECL>$ ?AT IT WAS NO USE HAV+ A GOOD P>TY UNLESS 0Y\ ATTA*$ IT TO ! MASSES40 

,! ,C4,L4,A4 WAS =M$ ON ,NOVEMB] #d?1 #a#i#b#h4 ,IT HAD A GREAT T5D5CY TO UNITY ) ! ,9TELLECTUALS1 SUPPORT$ ! ,C4,P4 PROGAMME1 & CONSORT$ ) ,GITL[ RI<T UP TO ! EVE ( HIS RETURN TO ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY4 

,AFT] ! EV5TS ( ,FEBRU>Y1 #a#i#c#d1 ! MAJORITY DECISION ( ! ,FR5* ,TROTSKYI/S1 AT !IR #cRD ,NATIONAL ,CONF]5CE1 WAS ?AT !Y DID NOT HAVE ! /R5G? TO /& ALONE ANY LONG] & ?AT1 !RE=E1 !Y MU/ 5T] ! RANKS ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY4 ,?IS MEANT ?AT FROM BE+ ! ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ! ,TROTSKYI/ MOVEM5T WAS N[ ! ,LEFT ,OPPOSITION TO ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY4 ,FROM ! #d? ,9T]NATIONAL1 IT HAD DEG5]AT$ TO ! ADVOCACY ( ! #bND ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,ON LE>N+ ( ! DECISION ( ! ,FR5* ,TROTSKYI/ ,GR\P1 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE ( ,AM]ICA DECID$ TO EFFECT A SIMIL> TRANS=MATION & TO 5T] ! ,AM]ICAN ,WORK]S' ,P>TY1 PREVI\SLY ! ,PROGRESSIVE ,CONF]5CE ( ,LABOR ,ACTION4 ,BY A MAJORITY ( #h TO #a ! ,C4,L4,A4 ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE COMM5D$ ! C\RSE ( ! ,FR5* P>TY & BR\<T AB\T ! ,AM]ICAN M]G] ON ,DECEMB] #a/1 #a#i#c#d4 

,TRUE TO =M1 ON ,W$NESDAY1 ,JANU>Y #i?1 #a#i#c#e1 A TE/IMONIAL D9N] WAS GIV5 = ,A4 ,J4 ,MU/E1 ,NATIONAL ,SECRET>V ( ! ,WORK]S' ,P>TY1 AT ,IRV+ ,PLAZA1 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY1 BY ! EX-MEMB]S ( ! DEFUNCT ,C4,L4,A4 ,! D9N] COMMEMORAT$ ,MU/E'S #e? BIR?DAY & ! SO-CALL$ #a#e? YE> ( HIS MEMB]%IP ( ! REVOLUTION>Y ,LABOR MOVEM5T4 ,SPONSORS ( ! D9N] W]E ( MU* ! SAME TYPE AS ! P]SONS :O W]E ASSOCIAT$ ) ! ,B>BUSSE ,AM/]DAM ,ANTI-,W> ,CONF]5CE ORGANIZ$ BY ! ,C4,P4 9 #a#i#c#b1 NAMELY1 9TELLECTUALS :O HAD NO REAL CONTACT ) ! REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE4 ,JU/ AS ! #aicb ASSOCIATION CONDEMN$ ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY SO ! #aice ASSOCIATION CONDEMN$ ! REMNANTS ( ! ,C4,L4,A4 ,! SPONSORS 9CLUD$ ,ROG] ,BALDW91 ,]NE/ ,SU!RL& ,BATES1 ,MAX ,EA/MAN1 ,SYDNEY ,HOOK1 ,OSWALD ,G>RISON ,VILL>D1 ,/EPH5 ,WISE & O!RS1 AMONG :OM W]E ! EX-,COMMUNI/S ,LUDWIG ,LORE & ,JAMES ,P4 ,CANNON4 

,! BEG9N+S ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,WORK]S' ,P>TY DATES BACK TO ! TIME :5 ,MU/E 5T]$ ! ,A4,F4 ( ,L4 TO ORGANIZE ! SO-CALL$ $UCATION ( ! WORK+-CLASS UND] ! AUSPICES ( ! ,TRADE ,UNION BUREAUCRACY4 ,HE />T$ ! ,BROOKWOOD ,COLLEGE 9 ORD] TO *ALL5GE ! WORK ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ,TRADE ,UNION ,$UCATIONAL ,LEAGUE4 ,! WORK ( ?IS ,LEAGUE WAS PURELY P>TISAN & !RE=E NO GREAT IMPROVEM5T ON ANY ACTIVITY ( ! ORD9>Y ,TRADE ,UNION4 ,BUT ! PURPOSE ( ,BROOKWOOD ,COLLEGE WAS NOT TO *ALL5GE OR DE/ROY 9 ! LI<T ( WID] UND]/&+ ! SECT>IAN *>ACT] OR EFFECTS ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ORGANIZATION BUT ONLY TO SAFEGU>D ! ,TRADE ,UNION BUREAUCRACY AGA9/ COMPETITION4 ,! PURPOSE ( ,BROOKWOOD ,COLLEGE WAS PURE C>E]ISM4 ,9 ! 5D IT PROV$ NOT SUFFICI5TLY BUREAUCRATIC & ! ,A4,F4 ( ,L4 ORGANIZ$ ! ,WORK]S' ,$UCATIONAL ,BUREAU 9 OPPOSITION TO ! COLLEGE4 ,BY WAY ( PROTE/ ,MU/E ORGANIZ$ HIS ,CONF]5CE = ,PROGRESSIVE ,LABOR ,ACTION & E/ABLI%$ HIS ORGAN1 ! ,LABOR ,AGE4 

,9 ,JANU>Y1 #a#i#c#a1 ! ,LABOR ,AGE DEM&$ ! RECOGNITION ( ,SOVIET ,RUSSIA BY ! ,U4,S4,A4 0 AS A S\ND BUS9ESS POLICY 9 ?IS ]A ( DEPRESSION40 ,! SAME ISSUE DECL>$ ?AT !RE WAS NO CLASS W> 9 ,AM]ICA1 BUT ?AT 0 IF !RE IS ANY SU* ?+ 9 ,AM]ICA AS CLASS W> !N IT IS ! CLASS W> BETWE5 ! ,A4,F4 ( ,L4 & ! ,COMMUNI/S40 ,! FOLL[+ MON? ! ,LABOR ,AGE CONGRATULAT$ 9 ITS $ITORIALS ! ,BRITI% ,LABOR ,GOV]NM5T = ITS CONDUCT ( =EIGN AFFAIRS & DECL>$ ?AT ITS POLICY WAS 0BRILLIANT1 BOLD & C\RAGE\S40 ,IT EULOGIZ$ ,MAC,DONALD ON HIS ,LONDON ,9DIA ,CONF]5CE1 :I* AS EV]YONE KN[S %\LD HAVE BE5 A MATT] ( NO MOM5T TO A REVOLUTION>Y LABOR PAP]4 

#aN #a#i#c#c1 AT ! TIME ( ! ,NOVEMB] ,PITTSBURG ,CONF]5CE ( ! ,C4,P4,L4,A4 PROPOSALS W]E DEVELOP$ = A NEW ,9T]NATIONAL & = AN APPROA* TO ! ,TROTSKYI/S4 ,ON ,NOVEMB] #a#a? ( ?AT YE> ,! ,MILITANT SUGGE/$ ?AT ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE ( ,AM]ICA %\LD UNITE ) ! ,C4,P4,L4,A41 ! CONDITION BE+ ?AT ! NEW P>TY %\LD BE A ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY & ?AT IT %\LD ORGANIZE A ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,:5 AT LA/ UNITY WAS BR\<T AB\T ! IDEA ( ,COMMUNISM WAS DROPP$ AS BE+ SECT>IAN & ! T]M ! ,AM]ICAN ,WORK]S' ,P>TY ACCEPT$ BECAUSE IT WAS ABOVE BO? ,COMMUNISM & ,SOCIALISM4 

,! FIR/ DRAFT PROGRAM WAS PUT \T BY ! ,A4,W4,P4 9 ! E>LY P>T ( #a#i#c#d1 & WAS AN ORD9>Y P>LIAM5T>Y ,SOCIALI/ DOCUM5T4 ,! SECOND DRAFT WAS ISSU$ 9 ! FALL ( ! SAME YE> & 5DEAVOR$ TO SMUGGLE 9 ! IDEA ( P>LIAM5T>ISM UND] COV] ( VAGUE REVOLUTION>Y PHRASES4 ,! ,MU/EITES WROTE 3 

0 TO DEFEAT ! CAPITALI/ GOV]NM5T & TO TRANSF] ALL P[]1 TO ! WORK]S' C\NCILS1 ! WORK]S MU/ BE PREP>$ TO USE :ATEV] MEANS >E NECESS>Y40 

,?IS S\NDS LIKE 9SURRECTION & /REET FI<T+1 OR AT LEA/ ! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE4 ,ACTUALLY1 IT MEANT ! BALLOT BOX4 ,ON ,SEPTEMB] #b#g? ?IS REVIS$ DRAFT WAS ACCEPT$ BY ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE AS A BASIS = FUSION4 

,AFT] COM+ TOGE!R ! COMB9$ GR\PS PUT \T TWO DOCUM5TS 3 7#a7 ,A PROPOS$ NEW PROGRAM1 PUBLI%$ 9 ,! ,MILITANT = ,OCTOB] #b#g?2 & 7#b7 A DECL>ATION ( PR9CIPLES1 :I* APPE>$ 9 ,! ,MILITANT = ,DECEMB] #h?4 ,! SECOND /ATEM5T WAS ! 5D ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE & ! IDEALS ( ,SOCIALI/ ,SOVIET PROPAG&A4 ,:]EAS ! PROPOS$ PROGRAM SPOKE ( ! WORK]S US+ ANY MEANS 0 TO DEFEAT ! CAPITALI/ GOV]NM5T10 :I* C\LD MEAN SMA%+ ! CAPITALI/ GOV]NM5T1 ! DECL>ATION ( PR9CIPLES AM5DS ?IS 0 TO TAKE CONTROL ( ! ,/ATE BY REVOLUTION>Y MEANS40 ,! 0 MEANS 0 >E NOT DEF9$ BUT ( C\RSE ! T]M1 0 REVOLUTION>Y10 9 ! LIPS ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATS IMPLIES NO?+ AT ALL4 ,:]EAS ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE HAD /OOD = NUCLEI1 ! NEW ,AM]ICAN ,WORK]S' ,P>TY /OOD = BRAN*ES4 ,:I* MEANT ?AT IT WAS A POLITICAL P>TY4 

,! PROGRAM ( ! ,A4,W4,P4 NOM9ALLY REJECT$ ! B\RGEOIS SOCIAL ORD] & ITS ECONOMIC F\NDATION & ALL SUGGE/$ ECONOMIC RE=MISMS1 SU* AS 0 ,SOCIAL ,CR$IT0 & ,/ALE ,SOCIALISM4 ,IT D5\NC$ ! REPLACEM5T ( ! REAL POLITICAL MOVEM5T ( SOCIAL /RUGGLE BY ! P>LIAM5T>Y ELECTORAL MOVEM5T4 ,IT PROCLAIM$ ITS AIM AS ! WORK]S' /ATE BAS$ ON ! WORK]S' C\NCILS & DECL>$ ?AT WAS NOT M]ELY ! GOAL BUT ALSO ! DEMOCRATIC 9/RUM5T = SOLV+ ! CONTRADICTIONS ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM & ACCOMPLI%+ ! TRANSITION TO ,COMMUNISM4 ,IT OPPOS$ ! #cRD ,9T]NATIONAL BECAUSE IT WAS CONTROLL$ BY ,MOSC[ & WAS S]VICEABLE ONLY TO ! 9T]E/S ( ! RUL+ BUREAUCRACY ( ! ,SOVIET ,UNION4 ,IT DECL>$ ?AT ! PRES5T CRISIS WAS ! BEG9N+ ( ! 5D ( ! PRES5T =M ( SOCIETY & ?AT EV5 TO OV]COME ?AT CRISIS W\LD NOT REV]SE ! DECL9E ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM4 

,! ,A4,W4,P4 ADMITT$ ?AT ECONOMIC CONTRADICTIONS EXI/$ 9 ,RUSSIA & !N SPOKE ( ! UNLIMIT$LY SOCIALI/ *>ACT] ( ,RUSSIAN PLANN$ ECONOMY4 ,AGA9 ! PROGRAM DROPP$ 9TO PURE ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY BY DI/+UI%+ BETWE5 ITS F9AL AIMS & ITS IMM$IATE AIMS1 ?US HAV+ A MAXIMUM & A M9IMUM PROGRAM4 ,! 5D ( A GREAT DEAL ( ATTACK ON ! IDEA ( EMPLOY+ P>LIAM5T>Y ACTION WAS ?AT ! ,AM]ICAN ,WORK]S' ,P>TY W\LD FUNCTION POLITICALLY ALONG ! TRADITIONAL ,AM]ICAN L9ES4 

,! TRU? IS ! ,A4,W4,P4 WAS BUT A CAMP+ GR\ND = ! DECLASS$ 9TELLECTUAL R$UC$ TO POV]TY BY ! CAPITALI/ DEPRESSION1 & SPURR$ ON TO C>E]ISM BY HIS S5SE ( SNOBB]Y & P$ANTIC IMPORTANCE4 ,! ,AM]ICAN CONT95T HAS BE5 S+UL>LY B>R5 ( REAL ,SOCIALI/ 9TELLECTUALS4 ,! ,NEW ,5GL& S*OOL ( ,EM]SON & ,!ODORE ,P>K] SEEM TO HAVE EXHAU/$ ! P[] ( ,AM]ICAN G5IUS1 :I* HAS ATTEMPT$ NO FLI<TS S9CE ! ,CIVIL ,W>4 ,! ONLY REAL ORIG9AL ,SOCIALI/ ?9K] ( ! ,AM]ICAN CONT95T WAS ,DANIEL ,DE ,LEON & HE HAD A LAWY]'S HORROR ( ALL UNCIVILIZ$ ACTION1 & WAS HIDEB\ND BY HIS S5SE ( 9F]IORITY TO ,M>X4 ,! REVOLUTION HAD TO BE CLEAN & BLOODLESS TO SUIT ,DE ,LEON'S TA/E4 ,?IS MADE HIS 5TIRE PROPAG&A ,UTOPIAN4 ,HE D5\NC$ ! ,SOCIALI/ P>LIAM5T>IANS BECAUSE HE WAS AT HE>T A P>LIAM5T>IAN2 & HE SL&]$ ! ,AN>*I/S BECAUSE HE /OLE FROM !M ! ,SYNDICALI/ !SIS4 ,HE COMB9$ AN IDEALI/IC REVOLUTION>Y P>LIAM5T>ISM ) A RE=MI/ ,SYNDICALISM & URG$ ! =MATION ( 9DU/RIAL UNIONS BY ! WORK]S ) A ,SOCIALI/ OBJECTIVE4 ,?IS WAS ATTEMPT+ TO DO TWO ?+S AT ONCE & WAS CLE>LY IMPOSSIBLE4 

,IT IS POSSIBLE UND] C]TA9 M>KET CONDITIONS TO ORGANIZE ! WORK]S 9TO 9DU/RIAL UNIONS BUT !N IT MU/ BE = A /RUGGLE ON MATT]S CONNECT$ ) ! 9DU/RY 9 :I* !Y >E 5GAG$4 ,IT IS POSSIBLE TO ORGANIZE ! WORK]S = ,SOCIALISM BUT OBVI\SLY ?IS MU/ BE ON ! POLITICAL OR 9TELLECTUAL RA!R ?AN ! 9DU/RIAL FIELD4 ,! PLANN$ ECONOMY OR ACTION BELONGS TO ! 9DU/RIAL FIELD1 BUT ! ,SOCIALI/ IDEA & PROPAG&A BELONGS ESS5TIALLY TO ! POLITICAL PLANE4 

,DE ,LEON WANT$ ! WORK]S TO CAPTURE POLITICAL P[] PEACEFULLY ?R\< ! BALLOT BOX & !N ! POLITICAL REPRES5TATIVES W]E TO ADJ\RN ON ! SPOT1 S9E DIE1 & ! 9DU/RIAL UNIONS W]E !N TO BECOME SOCIETY4 ,! ONLY REASON GIV5 BY ,DE ,LEON AS TO :Y ! WORK]S' REPRES5TATIVES 9 P>LIAM5T %\LD ADJ\RN P>LIAM5T WAS ?AT IF !Y DID NOT DO SO1 !IR ACTION W\LD BE A 0 USURPATION40 ,( C\RSE1 TO BE ?REAT5$ ) A *>GE ( ?IS *>ACT] W\LD PREV5T A POLITICAL C>E]I/ FROM ATTEMPT+ TO CL+ TO P[] :]E A ?REAT ( 9DU/RIAL OR SOCIAL =CE W\LD FAIL TO MOVE IT 6 

,! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE1 9 ,! ,MILITANT1 = ,OCTOB] #b#g?1 #a#i#c#d1 MADE A BOLD ATTACK ON ,DE ,LEONISM = ITS UTOPIAN RE=MISM 2 BUT ACTUALLY ,DE ,LEON'S POSITION IS NO WORSE ?AN ?AT ( MANY ( ! 9TELLECTUALS :O MADE UP ! PROPAG&A COMMITTEE ( ! ,A4,W4,P4 & DID NOT POSSESS ! VIGOR & CONSI/5CY ( DOCTR9E ?AT *>ACT]IZ$ ! ACTIVITY ( ,DE ,LEON4 

,! 9TELLIG5TSIA ( ! ,A4,W4,P4 W]E ! OLD PRE-W> 9TELLECTUALS ( ,! ,LIB]ATOR & ,! ,MASSES1 LIV+ UND] PO/W> CONDITIONS ( BE+ P]MAN5TLY 0 BROKE10 ) Y\NG] ADDITIONS TO !IR RANKS1 EQUALLY 0 BROKE 0 BUT 5TIRELY DEVOID ( !IR CLAIMS TO FAME4 ,MAX ,EA/MAN CONNECT$ ! TWO ]AS4 

,BE=E ! ,W> ,EA/MAN HAD NO ,SOCIALI/ RECORD BUT WAS A PLA9 B\RGEOIS LIB]AL1 :O FLIRT$ ) WOMAN'S SUFFRAGE 9 #a#i#a#b1 & AFT]W>DS PRET5D$ TO POETRY4 ,! *>ACT] ( HIS PAP] DUR+ ! ,W>1 ONCE ,AM]ICA HAD 5T]$ ! /RUGGLE1 CAUS$ ,EA/MAN TO BE *>G$ ) S$ITION4 ,IT IS POSSIBLE ?AT IF ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES HAD DECL>$ W> 9 #a#i#a#d1 EV5 ?IS *>GE W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 PREF]R$ AGA9/ HIM4 ,! ?REE YE>S ( GRACE 5ABL$ HIM TO DEVELOP HIS 9TELLECTUAL GYMNA/ICS )\T MOLE/ATION SO LONG AS ,AM]ICA WAS NEUTRAL4 

,9 ,C\RT ,EA/MAN >GU$1 AS ONLY A ,GRE5WI* VILLAG] C\LD1 AFT] ! /YLE ( HIS ,*ELSEA PROTOTYPE1 ?AT HE WAS NOT = ANY W>1 :I* MEANT ?AT HE WAS AGA9/ ! )DRAWAL ( ! ,U4,S4,A4 FROM ! W>1 & ?AT HE WAS AGA9/ ! DEFEAT ( ! ,U4,S4,A4 ,JAMES ,RUSSELL ,L[ELL HAS SATIRIZ$ ?IS TYPE 9 HIS IMMORTAL ,BIGL[ ,PAP]S1 ! TYPE ?AT COMB9ES NON*ALANT SEEM+ ANTI-PATRIOTISM ) A /UDI$ REFUSAL TO OPPOSE ! PATRIOTISM ( ! H]D4 

,EA/MAN MADE NO FLIRTATION ) POLITICS UNTIL ! ROMANCE ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION BEGAN TO /IR ! VAGUE UND]/&+ ( ! 9TELLECTUALS4 ,HIS 9T]E/ WAS ONE ( 0 ,COPY 0 & NOT ( UND]/&+4 ,= A %ORT TIME 9 #a#i#b#d1 HE FLIRT$ ) ,TROTSKY & TRANSLAT$ HIS WRIT+SS 9TO ,5GLI%1 UNTIL ,TROTSKY1 GRATEFUL = BE+ TRANSLAT$1 FELT HE HAD TO REPUDIATE ,EA/MAN S9CE HE DID NOT WANT TO BE ID5TIFI$ ) ,ANTI-,M>XISM4 ,IT MU/ BE ACKN[L$G$ ?AT ,EA/MAN MADE A SPL5DID JOB ( HIS TRANSLATION & ?AT = ?IS WORK ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T IS UND] A GREAT DEBT ( GRATITUDE TO HIM4 ,?IS FACT DOES1 NOT TAKE HIM \T ( ! CATEGORY 9 :I* A /UDY ( HIS C>E] PLACES HIM2 ! CATEGORY TO :I* ,SYDNEY ,HOOK & O!R LEAD+ LI<TS ( ! ,A4,W4,P4 BELONG$4 ,! /UDY ( !SE P]SONS' C>E]S REVEAL !M AS TYPES :O HAVE DABBL$ 9 NEUROTICS1 SUPPOS$LY NAU<TY !ORIES & S5SATIONAL IDEAS1 & HAVE NO 9T]E/ 9 ANY REALLY VITAL OR RADICAL PR9CIPLE4 ,!IR BACKGR\ND MAY BE LESS C]TA9 ?AN ?AT ( ! ,B]TR& ,RUSSELL & ,H4 ,G4 ,WELLS CLIQUE ( ,M]RY ,5GL&1 BUT !Y >E WOV5 \T ( ! SAME %ODDY CLO?4 

,! ,UNIT$ ,WORK]S' ,P>TY WAS ORGANIZ$ 9 ,JANU>Y1 #a#i#c#c1 & WAS COMPOS$ ( ! PREVI\S ,PROLET>IAN ,P>TY ,OPPOSITION :I* HAD >IS5 9 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & !N ORGANIZ$ ITSELF AS A SEP>ATE GR\P 9 #a#i#a#h-#a#i4 ,! FIR/ PROGRAM ( ! ,U4,W4,P4 CONTA9$ EI<T PO9TS1 :I* MAY BE SUMM>IZ$ AS FOLL[S 3-- 

,! ,P]MAN5T ,CRISIS ( ,CAPITALISM4 

,! ,ONLY ,REVOLUTION>Y ,CLASS IS ! ,PROLET>IAT4 ,!RE=E !RE MU/ BE NO CONCESSIONS TO ! AGR>IAN & PETTY B\RGEOIS CLASS1 & NO UNIT$ ,WORK]S' & ,PEASANTS' POLICY4 ,! P>TY /OOD = A ,WORK]S' ,REPUBLIC & A ,WORK]S' ,REPUBLIC ONLY4 

,DECL>$ ITS OPPOSITION TO ,TRADE ,UNIONISM1 & AV]R$ ?AT ,TRADE ,UNIONS W]E UNABLE TO OBTA9 CONCESSIONS4 

,DID NOT BELIEVE 9 URG+ UNEMPLOYM5T RE=MS4 ,BUT DID URGE AN ACTIVE DAY-TO-DAY /RUGGLE = IMM$IATE RELIEF4 

,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>Y4 ,PRES5T CRISIS ( CAPITALISM DID NOT P]MIT ! REVOLUTIONI/S TO WA/E TIME & 5]GY P>TICIPAT+ P>LIAM5T>Y ACTIVITY 4 

,:IL/ NOT NECESS>ILY OPPOS$ TO ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 WAS MO/ CRITICAL TO IT4 ,REPR9T$ 9 ,SEPTEMB]1 #a#i#c#c4 

,! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,ON ?IS PO9T ! ATTITUDE ( ! ,U4,W4,P1 REG>D$ ! P>TY AS ONLY AN 9/RUM5T ( ! REVOLUTION1 NOT ! REVOLUTION ITSELF4 ,ON ?IS PO9T1 ! SUBSIDI>Y *>ACT] ( ! P>TY TO ! ,SOVIETS OR ,WORK]S' ,COMMITTEES ( ,ACTION1 ! ,U4,P4,W4 POSITION IS ANTI-,BOL%EVIK & TO \R M9D 9 L9E ) ,AN>*ISM4 ,! ,U4,W4,P4 CLAIM WAS ?AT ?IS IS A S\ND ,M>XI/ ATTITUDE4 

,9 ,SEPTEMB]4 #a#i#c#c1 ! ,UNIT$ ,WORK]S' ,P>TY DEF9$ ITS ATTITUDE T[>DS ! DECL>ATION ( ! ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,LEAGUE ( ,AM]ICA ON ! QUE/ION ( A NEW P>TY & A F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,IT 5DORS$ ! VIEW !N PUT =W>D BY ! ,C4,L4 ?AT IT WAS NECESS>Y TO REJECT ! POLICY ( RE=M+ ! OLD CORRUPT ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY & ?AT :AT W]E NE$$ W]E A NEW ,C4,P4 & A NEW ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,! ,U4,W4,P4 ISSU$ ITS /ATEM5T AS A PAMPHLET E>LY 9 #aicd UND] ! TITLE ( ,BOL%EVISM OR ,COMMUNISM4 ,FROM ?AT EXCELL5T PAMPHLET WE MAKE TWO QUOTATIONS 3 

0 ,WE HAVE NO BUREAUCRACY ?AT IS 5GAG$ 9 ! COMPETITIVE /RUGGLE ) ! APP>ATUS ( O!R ORGANIZATIONS2 WE BELIEVE ?AT ! ,R,E,V,O,L,U,T,I,O,N ,I,S ,N,O,T ,A ,P,>,T,Y ,Q,U,E,/,I,O,N ,B,U,T ,! ,J,O,B ,( ,! ,W,O,R,K,],S ,A,S ,A ,C,L,A,S,S2 & WE >E WILL+ TO WORK 9 ! ,A,C,T,U,A,L ,C,L,A,S,S ,/,R,U,G,G,L,E1 9 SPITE ( !ORETICAL DIFF]5CES1 TOGE!R ) ! ,L4,O4 AS WELL AS ) ALL O!R PROLET>IAN GR\PS1 HOP+ ?AT \R POLICY WILL 9 ! C\RSE ( ! /RUGGLE BE ACCEPT$ AS A SUCCESSFUL ONE40 

0,! ,U4,W4,P4 DOES NOT RECOGNIZE SU* 9V5T$ ?+S AS ,L59ISM2 IT ONLY CONSID]S ,L59 AS A ,M>XI/ :O WAS NOT ABLE TO FREE HIMSELF TOTALLY FROM ! 9FLU5CE ( ! DEG5]AT$ SO-CALL$ OR?ODOX ,M>XISM ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY4 ,! ,U4,W4,P41 9/EAD ( GO+ BACK TO ,L591 REVIVES REAL ,M>XISM 9 ITS ORIG9AL =M BE=E ! EPIGONES HAD DE/ROY$ ITS REVOLUTION>Y VALUE4 ,W,E ,>,E ,N,O,T ,A ,L,5,9,I,/ ,B,U,T ,A ,M,>,X,I,A,N ,O,R,G,A,N,I,Z,A,T,I,O,N3 ,9 \R OP9ION A DI/9CTION BETWE5 ,/AL9ISM & ,L59ISM IS IMPOSSIBLE1 AS ! FIR/ WAS ! RESULT1 ! ACTUAL \TCOME ( ! LATT]4 ,SO 9 \R OP9ION1 A DI/9CTION BETWE5 ,TROTSKYISM & ,/AL9ISM IS ONLY POSSIBLE ON A ,P,U,R,E,L,Y ,C,O,N,C,E,P,T,I,O,N,A,L1 ,?,A,T ,I,S1 ,U,N,R,E,A,L ,B,A,S,I,S4 ,9 REALITY ?IS DI/9CTION DOES NOT EXI/1 & ! FAILURE ( ! ,TROTSKY GR\P TO DIFF]5TIATE NOT ONLY ON TACTICAL QUE/IONS1 BUT ALSO ON QUE/IONS ( PR9CIPLE1 IS MORE ?AN PRO( ( ?IS4 ,9 \R OP9ION1 ! POLICY ( ,/AL9 HI/ORICALLY IS NOT ONLY DEFEAT$1 BUT ! ,:,O,L,E ,B,O,L,%,E,V,I,K ,P,O,L,I,C,Y1 ,:,I,* ,9,C,L,U,D,E,S ,L,5,9 ,& ,T,R,O,T,S,K,Y1 ,H,A,S ,F,\,N,D ,I,T,S ,L,O,G,I,C,A,L ,5,D4 ,! ,BOL%EVISM ( ALL =MS IS BANKRUPT4 ,! ,Q,U,E,/,I,O,N ,I,S ,N,O,T ,/,A,L,9,I,S,M ,O,R ,L,5,9,I,S,M1 ,B,U,T ,B,O,L,%,E,V,I,S,M ,O,R ,C,O,M,M,U,N,I,S,M40 

0 ,WE CAN ONLY L9E UP ) AN ORGANIZATION :I* ADOPTS AS A PR9CIPLE & A TACTIC ! RECOGNITION ( ! PRES5T CRISIS AS ! DEA? CRISIS ( CAPITALISM4 ,! NECESSITY ( A PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION AS ! ONLY WAY TO ESCAPE A SITUATION ( WIDE WORLD ,FASCISM4 ,! RECOGNITION ( ,/ATE ,CAPITALISM 9 ,RUSSIA1 & ) ?AT ! CALL = ! OV]?R[ ( ! PRES5T SY/EM 9 ,RUSSIA BY ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT ( ,RUSSIA40 

,ON ALL !SE PO9TS1 AS ALSO ON ,U4,W4,P4 5DORSEM5T ( ! POSITION ( ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG 9 H] CONTROV]SY ) ,L59 7#a#i#d-#h71 MY SYMPA?IES >E ) ! ,U4,W4,P4 ,! PAMPHLET1 ,BOL%EVISM OR ,COMMUNISM1 & ALSO ! O!R PAMPHLET ISSU$ AB\T ! SAME TIME AS A MANIFE/O & PROGRAM ( ! P>TY1 ON ,FASCISM OR ,REVOLUTION1 %\LD BE WIDELY READ BY ALL ,5GLI%-SPEAK+ WORK]S4 

,! ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>Y ,COMMUNI/ MOVEM5T ( ,BRITA9 IS ! REAL P>5T ( MOD]N ,SOCIALI/ ?\<T2 & POSSESSES ! M]IT ( HAV+ OPPOS$ ! PUNDITS ( ! TRADITIONAL MOVEM5T1 & DESPITE ITS POV]TY ( HAV+ LA/$ ! DI/ANCE4 ,IT WAS RIDICUL$ 9 #aif = ATTACK+ ,TRADE ,UNIONISM & ,P>LIAM5T>ISM BY FACTIONS :O W]E COMPELL$1 AFT] V>I\S SQUIRM+S & ATTA*M5TS1 TO ADMIT ?AT ! WORK]S HAVE NO?+ :ATEV] TO GA9 FROM EI!R ,P>LIAM5T>ISM OR ,TRADE ,UNIONISM4 

,IT IS 9T]E/+ TO NOTE H[EV] ?AT ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>ISM1 :IL/ NOT UNRELAT$ TO ,M>XI/ ?\<T1 ANY MORE ?AN IT IS UNRELAT$ TO SOME ( ! LIT]ATURE ?AT WAS 9SPIR$ BY ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION1 >OSE AS A DI/9CT PROPAG&A 9 ,BRITA91 & ?AT ITS PIONE] WAS AN ,5GLI% ,SOCIALI/ :O HAD V]Y LITTLE TIME = ! /UDY ( ,M>XIAN ECONOMICS OR ( ,M>X'S POLITICAL WRIT+S4 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS1 9 ! DAYS ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE1 PIONE]$ ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>Y ,SOCIALISM 9 OPPOSITION ALIKE TO ,AN>*ISM & TO ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY4 ,HE C\LD NOT BE> ! WANT ( FELL[%IP ?AT BELONGS TO /&+ ALONE & SO RETURN$1 RELUCTANTLY1 A FEW YE>S BE=E HIS DEA?1 TO AN UN=TUNATE ASSOCIATION ) ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATS4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,APRIL #c1 #aice 3 ,*APT] #ac -- ,PUBLICATION4 

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