,*APT] #f 
,NOVEMB] #aicf 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,/U>T ,*RI/IE 

,TEXT 3 

,NOVEMB] #aicf 

  

,O,N #c ,O,C,T,O,B,]1 AN OPTIMI/IC $ITORIAL 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A NOT$3 ',! ,G5]ALIDAD ,C\NCIL HAS EMB>K$ UPON A S]IES ( MEASURES ?AT WILL1 9CONTROV]TIBLY1 HAVE AN IMPACT UPON ! C\RSE ( EV5TS4 ,MOBILIZATION HAS BE5 DECRE$ = ALL CITIZ5S :O >E ( AN AGE = MILIT>Y S]VICE4 ,&1 AS EXP$ITI\SLY AS ! PRES5T SITUATION REQUIRES1 ! CLASSES ( #a#i#c#b1 #a#i#c#c1 #aicd & #aice HAVE JU/ BE5 CALL$ UP4 ,9 ADDITION1 ! ,C\NCIL1 :OSE JURISDICTION COV]S ,CATALONIA1 HAS SE5 FIT TO 9VE/ !SE =MATIONS 9 ! ANTIFASCI/ ZONE ) MILIT>Y OV]TONES4 ,! MILIT>IZATION ( COMBATANTS MAY BE DI/A/EFUL TO ?OSE IDEALI/S :OSE OP9IONS >E CONSONANT ) !IR IDEAS AB\T ! NOXI\SNESS ( UNITS ?AT ACT 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! DICTATES ( ORD]S4 :I* >E MORE OR LESS >BITR>Y4 ,BUT ! C\RSE ( EV5TS ON ! BATTLEFIELDS MAKES IT COMM5DABLE ?AT MILITIANS %\LD ADH]E TO 9/RUCTIONS DRAWN UP = ! IMPLEM5TATION ( W> TACTICS4 ,ONE ( ! QU9TESS5TIAL ASPECTS ( W> IS ! MILIT>Y CODE4 ,! REVOLUTION HAS SMA%$ TO SMI!RE5S ! L5G?Y CODE WORK$ \T BY ,ALFONSO'S BRASS HATS & 5TIRELY ABOLI%$ ! PH5OM5ON ( B>RACK-DRILL$ MASSES CONSONANT ) A S]VILITY ?AT ! CAPITALI/ REGIME 9/ITUT$ = ECONOMIC REASONS444 ,WE >E NOT FAMILI> ) ! CONT5TS ( ! NEW MILIT>Y CODE WORK$ \T BY ?OSE 9DIVIDUALS :OM ! ANTIFASCI/ ORGANIZATIONS HAVE APPO9T$ TO POSITIONS ( RESPONSIBILITY4 ,9 \R E/IMATION1 ! ,CODE :I* ! REVOLUTION NE$S AT ! PRES5T JUNCTURE 9 ! W> MU/ BE ( CLE>LY REVOLUTION>Y D]IVATION4' 

,A MORE DETAIL$ P]USAL ( ! 'MOBILIZATION' DECREE MADE CLE> ! REACTION>Y 9T5T ( ! ,CABALL]O GOV]NM5T4 ,! FOLL[+ DAY'S $ITION ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A C>RI$ A PRESCI5T REAPPRAISAL3  
  

'444 ,IT IS ONE ?+ = US TO RECOGNIZE1 AS WE ALL DO1 ! NE$ TO REGULATE ! :IMSICALITY & VOLUBILITY ( ! MILITIAS & FURNI% A /RICT BASIS = ! FI<T+ M5'S S5SE ( RESPONSIBILITY1 EV5 GO+ SO F> AS TO 5=CE RIGOR\S P5ALTIES ON ?OSE :O1 ONCE HAV+ COMMITT$ !MSELVES MO/ SOLEMNLY1 QUIT ! FIELD ( BATTLE1 BUT ?IS UNFEASIBLE CORRALL+ )9 ! P>AMET]S DE/ROY$ BY ! >MY MUT9Y ITSELF IS QUITE ANO!R4 ,>TICLE ,NO4 #b ( ! DECREE1 :I* APPLIES TO 5=CEM5T ( ! EXI/+ ,CODE ( ,MILIT>Y ,JU/ICE UNTIL SU* TIME AS A NEW ,CODE = ! MILITIAS MAY BE DEVIS$1 HAS MADE ! MO/ LAM5TABLE IMPRESSION4 

',ABOVE ALL !RE IS CLE>LY A TOTAL LACK ( ANY GRASP ( REALITY OR ANY CLE> APPRECIATION ( :AT HAS OCCURR$4 ,9 ! VIEW ( MANY ANTIFASCI/S ( LIB]AL \TLOOK1 ! REVOLUTION IS NOT YET A FAIT ACCOMPLI444 ,!RE IS /ILL A VULG> M5TALITY ?AT WI%ES TO REV]T TO ! SITUATION ?AT EXI/$ PRIOR TO #ai ,JULY & :I* HAD BE5 DE/ROY$ BY ! 9EXORABILITY ( ! REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS444 ,SU* CONDUCT M]ELY SUCCE$S 9 DEMORALIZ+ ! MULTITUDES1 DIM9I%+ !IR 5?USIASM & ELAN & TURN+ ! VA/ MULTITUDES :O HAVE VOLUNTE]$ TO FACE DEA? 9TO1 NOT ! REVOLUTION>Y PEOPLE'S >MY SU* AS ! MILITIAS CAN BE1 BUT1 RA!R1 A FLOCK ( SC>$ & UN5?USIA/IC FOLK :O FI<T ON EV5 ?\< !Y HAVE LO/ ! VIGOR & /R5G? :I* ONLY GREAT SOCIAL UPHEAVALS PRODUCE 9 ! COLLECTIVE S\L4 ,NO4 ,MILIT>IZATION ( ! MILITIAS1 MOBILIZATION ( ! PROLET>IAT & ( ALL ! ANTIFASCI/ POPULATION CANNOT1 MU/ NOT1 MEAN ?AT ! OLD >MY IS RESURRECT$4 ,LET US DEVISE NEW SOLUTIONS1 A NEW CONCEPT ( DUTY & HONOR1 F> REMOV$ FROM ! RIGID1 >I/OCRATIC ,CODE :I*1 W]E IT SOME?+ SOLID MI<T S]VE TO MANURE ! L&4 ,9/EAD1 ! PEOPLE'S H]OISM HAS 5DORS$ NEW CONCEPTS ( /RUGGLE & ( LIFE ?AT WE CAN RAISE TO ! HEI<TS ( MORAL CODES1 TO ! /ATURE ( IMPLACABLE & 9EXORABLE LAWS ( W>444'.<#e#e.>  
  

,! MILITIANS W]E \TRAG$ BY ! PROPOSAL TO MILIT>IZE ! POPUL> COLUMNS4 ,! ,W> ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN ON ! ,OS]A FRONT IMM$IATELY S5T (F A LETT]1 DAT$ #a ,NOVEMB]1 TO ! ,G5]ALIDAD ,C\NCIL 9=M+ !M ( ITS REFUSAL TO COMPLY ) ! DECREE3  
  

',A,N,T,I,F,A,S,C,I,/ ,M,I,L,I,T,I,A,S-- ,D,U,R,R,U,T,I ,C,O,L,U,M,N 

,HEADQU>T]S 

,T,O ,! ,G,5,],A,L,I,D,A,D ,C,\,N,C,I,L ,( ,C,A,T,A,L,O,N,I,A 

,9 ,L,I,<,T ( ! ,DECREE ON MILIT>IZATION ( ! MILITIAS1 ! ,D,U,R,R,U,T,I ,C,O,L,U,M,N'S ,W> ,COMMITTEE1 >TICULAT+ ! FEEL+S ( EA* & EV]Y ONE ( ! 9DIVIDUALS 5ROLL$ 9 IT1 /ATES ! FOLL[+3 

,! FASCI/ MILIT>Y PROVOCATION ( #ai ,JULY GAVE RISE TO AN AU!NTIC & 9CONTROV]TIBLY POPUL> MOVEM5T BY :I*1 AMONG O!R ?+S1 ! HI]>*ICAL ORGANIZATION ( ! MILIT>Y & ! ,CODE ( ,JU/ICE ALLUD$ TO 9 ,>TICLE #b ( ! A=EM5TION$ DECREE /& UTT]LY CONDEMN$4 

,?IS COLUMN1 =M$ SPONTANE\SLY 9 ! HEAT ( ?AT PROTE/ 9 ! /REETS ( ,B>CELONA & SUBSEQU5TLY SWELL$ BY ALL :O HAVE FELT AN ID5TIFICATION ) \R IDEAL1 5JOYS UNITY ( LAY \T & ( AIMS & ITS 9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S DISCIPL9E !MSELVES 9 EV]Y REG>D BE>+ UPON ! ATTA9M5T ( !IR AIM ( R\T+ FASCISM4 ,IF ! AIM ( DISCIPL9E IS TO IMPROVE UPON ! CONTRIBUTION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL1 ?IS ,COLUMN CAN FURNI% AMPLE PRO( ( SU* EFFECTIV5ESS 9 ! WORK C>RI$ \T ON ! FRONT BY \R MILITIANS1 & ! CON/ANT ADVANCE ( \R POSITIONS IS \R F9E/ TE/IMONY 9 FAVOR ( SELF-DISCIPL9E4 

,! MILITIANS ( ?IS COLUMN HAVE CONFID5CE 9 !MSELVES & 9 US :O LEAD IT ?R\< !IR EXPRESS & UNRES]V$ DELEGATION4 ,?IS BE+ SO1 !Y BELIEVE1 & WE %>E !IR BELIEF1 ?AT ! DECREE ( MILIT>IZATION CANNOT IMPROVE UPON \R FI<T+ CAPABILITIES BUT WILL 9/EAD LEAD TO SUSPICIONS1 MISGIV+S & REPUGNANCE SU* AS !Y HAVE NOT$ & W\LD R$\ND 9 A REAL /ATE ( DIS>RAY4 

,! PR(F]$ >GUM5T ACCORD+ TO :I* ! 5EMY FI<TS WELL PROVID$ ) EQUIPM5T 9 GREAT ABUNDANCE OBVI\SLY CANNOT BE SOLV$ ) MILIT>IZATION ( ! MILITIAS4 

,9 VIEW ( ALL ?AT HAS BE5 SET \T ABOVE1 ?IS COMMITTEE1 9 RESPONSE TO ! CLAMOR ( PROTE/ RAIS$ 9 ?IS COLUMN BY ! A=EM5TION$ DECREE1 F9DS ITSELF CALL$ UPON TO REFUSE ITS ACCEPTANCE4 

,9 COMMUNICAT+ ?IS =MAL & SPECIFIC DECISION1 & TAK+ ! L9E ?AT ! /RUGGLE UPON :I* WE >E EMB>K$ %\LD NOT ON ?IS ACC\NT SLACK51 WE ASK ?IS ,C\NCIL1 \R FRE$OM ( ORGANIZATION1 & ASK ?AT IT SUPPLY A DETAIL$ ANSW] :I* MAY1 AS SPE$ILY AS POSSIBLE1 BR+ TO AN 5D ! /ATE ( ANXIETY :I* HAS BE5 CREAT$4'  
  

,OS]A FRONT1 #a ,NOVEMB] #aicf 

,ON BEHALF ( ! ,W,> ,C,O,M,M,I,T,T,E,E 

7,SIGN$7 ,B4 ,DURRUTI 

,F,O,L,L,[,+ ! 5TRY ( ! ,C,N,T 9TO ! ,MADRID GOV]NM5T ,DOM+O ,NAVASAL OBS]V$ 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A3  
  

',SPAWN$ 9 ! FEV] ( REVOLUTION ! COMMITTEES ( ! >M$ ,CORPS HAVE NOT BE5 DESIGN$ TO SEIZE COMM& ( !IR UNITS1 BUT1 RA!R1 OBS]V+ ALL ! =MALITIES1 HAVE ONLY BE5 CONC]N$ ) :AT HAS BE5 TRULY NECESS>Y2 ) MONITOR+ ! ACTIVITIES ( ?OSE :O DO WIELD COMM& & 5SUR+ ?AT ?OSE :O C>RY \T ! ORD]S DO NOT IMP+E AGA9/ REVOLUTION>Y NORMS4 ,9 PR9CIPLE1 ?IS HEAL?Y ACTIVITY ON ! P>T ( ! COMMITTEES WAS CONSID]$ 9DISP5SABLE & ?OSE :O ALWAYS ?\<T ALONG REVOLUTION>Y L9ES W\LD NOT HAVE FAIL$ SOMEH[ TO P]=M A DUTY :I*1 HAD IT NOT BE5 P]=M$1 W\LD F9D US 9 DIRE /RAITS TODAY444 

',9 PROCE$+ DIRECTLY T[>DS ! E/ABLI%M5T ( A UNIFI$ COMM&1 ! COMMITTEES ( ! >M$ CORPS1 WORK+ 9 CLOSE CONJUNCTION ) ! ,WORK]S' & ,SOLDI]S' ,C\NCILS1 CANNOT BE CONSID]$ ANY?+ O!R ?AN KE5 & DEP5DABLE COLLABORATORS3 = 9 ONE WAY OR ANO!R !IR SOLE MISSION IS TO 5SURE ?AT ! ORGANISMS :I* !Y MONITOR DO NOT DEVIATE BY AS MU* AS ONE S+LE IOTA FROM ! REVOLUTION>Y TRAJECTORY UPON :I* WE HAVE EMB>K$4 ,BUT IT APPE>S TO BE ! CASE ?AT PEOPLE :O /YLE !MSELVES REVOLUTION>IES & :O1 UNDES]V$LY NO D\BT1 HOLD (FICE & FEEL !IR PR]OGATIVES JEOP>DIZ$1 >E RES5TFUL ( ?IS 09T]F]5CE01 AS !Y DESCRIBE ?AT :I* IS ONLY PROP]1 & >E /RA9+ ) ALL !IR MI<T TO GET AN ABSOLUTELY FREE H& 9 !IR DECISION MAK+4 ,& ?IS /ATE ( AFFAIRS CANNOT GO ON4 ,:5 WE F9I% (F ! FASCI/S WE %ALL SEE :E!R WE CAN LEAVE ?OSE :O OCCUPY (FICIAL PO/S A FREE H& 9 !IR 9TRIGUES4 ,= ! PRES5T1 :AT WE CANNOT TOL]ATE IS ?AT ANYONE -- NO MATT] :O HE BE -- %\LD P]MIT HIMSELF ! LUXURY ( DISP5S+ ) A CONTROL ?AT WE1 ! L[] ORD]S1 ! ONES :O 9 ! LA/ ANALYSIS HAVE MADE & >E MAK+ ?IS REVOLUTION >E OBLIG$ TO M\NT444 '.<#e#f.>  

,C,N,T 5TRY 9TO ,MADRID ,GOV]NM5T ,NOVEMB] #aicf 

  

,AT #a4#c P4M4 ON #d ,NOVEMB] #aicf ! ,SPANI% GOV]NM5T ISSU$ A NEWS BULLET9 ?AT ! ,C,N,T HAD JO9$ ! GOV]NM5T3 ',BE+ ( ! OP9ION ?AT AT ! PRES5T MOM5T NONE ( ! =CES FI<T+ AGA9/ FASCISM \<T TO BE LEFT \T ( ! GOV]NM5T & ?AT CIRCUM/ANCES REQUIRE ?AT EV]YONE HAVE A %>E 9 ITS RESPONSIBILITIES & ?AT EA* ( ! SAID =CES MAY FEEL ITSELF DIRECTLY REPRES5T$ 9 POSITIONS ( AU?ORITY1 ! HEAD ( ! GOV]NM5T HAS ADVIS$ ! HEAD ( /ATE TO BROAD5 ! GOV]NM5T BY GIV+ REPRES5TATION TO ! ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR4,?IS SUGGE/ION1 HAV+ MET ) ACCEPTANCE FROM ,H4,E4 ! ,PRESID5T ( ! ,REPUBLIC1 ! HEAD ( ! GOV]NM5T PROCE$$ IMM$IATELY TO RE%UFFLE HIS C\NCIL ( M9I/]S4 ,AS = ! POL7TICAL \TLOOK & PROGRAM ( ! GOV]NM5T1 ONCE RE=M$1 !Y %ALL REMA9 AS !Y HAVE BE5 HI!RTO4'.<#e#g.> 

,?AT SAME DAY ! ,B>CELONA ,C,N,T PAP] ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A EXPLA9$ ITS DECISION ) A SELF-ASSURANCE REM9ISC5T ( ,L59 9 ! SUMM] ( #a#i#a#g3  
  

',! 5TRY ( ! ,C,N,T 9TO ! C5TRAL GOV]NM5T REPRES5TS ONE ( ! MO/ MOM5T\S EV5TS 9 ?IS C\NTRY'S POLITICAL HI/ORY4 ,AS A MATT] ( PR9CIPLE & CONVICTION1 ! ,C,N,T HAS AT ALL TIMES BE5 ANTI-/ATI/ & HO/ILE TO GOV]NM5T UND] ANY =M4 ,BUT CIRCUM/ANCES1 NE>LY ALWAYS SUP]IOR TO M5'S WI%ES ?\< DET]M9$ BY ?AT WILL1 HAS WR\<T A TRANS=MATION 9 ! NATURE ( ! GOV]NM5T & ! ,SPANI% /ATE4 ,AT PRES5T ! GOV]NM5T QUA ! REGULAT+ 9/RUM5T ( ! ORGANS ( ! /ATE1 NO LONG] REPRES5TS A S\RCE ( OPPRESSION = ! WORK+ CLASS1 JU/ AS ! /ATE NO LONG] REPRES5TS ! S\RCE ( ! DIVISION ( SOCIETY 9TO CLASSES4 ,& ) ! ,C,N,T'S 5TRY 9TO !M1 BO? WILL ! MORE COMPLETELY CEASE TO OPPRESS ! PEOPLE4 ,! FUNCTIONS ( ! ,/ATE >E TO BE CURTAIL$ 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! LABOR ORGANIZATIONS TO OR*E/RATION ( ! C\NTRY'S ECONOMIC & SOCIAL AFFAIRS4 ,& ! GOV]NM5T WILL HAVE NO PREOCCUPATION O!R ?AN ! PROP] MANAGEM5T ( ! W> & ! CO-ORD9ATION ( ! WORK ( ! REVOLUTION ON A L>G] SCALE4 

',\R COMRADES %ALL PRES5T ! GOV]NM5T ) ! COLLECTIVE OR MAJORITY DECISION ( ! TOIL+ MASSES PREVI\SLY ASSEMBL$ 9 HUGE G5]AL ASSEMBLIES4 ,!Y WILL ESP\SE NO P]SONAL OR :IMSICAL OBJECTIVES BUT RA!R ! DECISIONS FREELY REA*$ BY ! HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( WORK]S ORGANIZ$ BY ! ,C,N,T4 ,!RE IS A HI/ORICAL NECESSITY HANG+ OV] EV]Y?+4 ,& ! ,C,N,T ACCEPTS ?AT HI/ORICAL NECESSITY TO S]VE ! C\NTRY1 ) ! EMPHASIS ON W9N+ ! W> PROMPTLY & LE/ ! POPUL> REVOLUTION BE DISFIGUR$4 

',WE HAVE ABSOLUTE CONFID5CE ?AT ! COMRADES *OS5 TO REPRES5T ! ,C,N,T 9 ! GOV]NM5T WILL BE ABLE TO ACCOMPLI% ! DUTY & ! MISSION 5TRU/$ TO !M4 ,9 !M WE %\LD SEE1 NOT ! 9DIVIDUAL P]SONALITIES1 BUT ! ORGANIZATION !Y REPRES5T4 ,!Y >E NOT GOV]NORS NOR /ATESM511 BUT W>RIORS & REVOLUTION>IES 9 ! S]VICE ( VICTORY OV] FASCISM4 ,& ?AT VICTORY WILL BE ALL ! MORE SPE$Y & COMPLETE ! GREAT] ! SUPPORT WE MAY GIVE !M4'.<#e#h.>  
  

,! NEWS ( ! 5TRY ( ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ LEAD]%IP 9TO C5TRAL GOV]NM5T WAS BITT]LY D5\NC$ BY MILITIA PAP]S SU* AS ,L9EA DEL ,FUEGO1 ! PAP] ( ! ,IRON ,COLUMN1.<#e#i.> BUT ! MAJORITY ( ! ,C,N,T MEMB]%IP ACCEPT$ ! NEWS CALMLY4 ,IT %\LD BE /RESS$1 H[EV]1 ?AT ( ! ,C,N,T'S APPROXIMATELY TWO MILLION MEMB]S1 P]HAPS ONLY #c1 OR SO W\LD HAVE DESCRIB$ !MSELVES AS AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S OR AN>*I/S4 ,IT WAS = ?IS REASON ?AT ONLY >TICULATE M9ORITIES & 'UNCONTROLLABLE' ELEM5TS1 P>TICUL>LY 9 ! MILITIAS1 EXPRESS$ !IR ANG] & DISCONT5T BY SUBJECT+ ! '9FLU5TIAL' MILITANTS TO PUBLIC CRITICISM4 ,BUT1 ACCORD+ TO ,PEIRATS1.<#f.> '9 MANY MILITANTS OPPOS$ TO COLLABORATION1 !RE WAS AN UNAV[$ COMPLICITY1 9 ?AT !Y RAIL$ AB\T !IR S5SE ( \TRAGE :IL/ LETT+ IT ALL CONT9UE4' ,! EXIG5CIES ( ! W> & '=CE ( CIRCUM/ANCES' LEFT ! MAJORITY RESIGN$ TO ! DECISION ) AN AIR ( FATALISM4 

,! 9T]NATIONAL AN>*I/ MOVEM5T WAS1 H[EV]1 TO PROVE LESS AM5ABLE TO ! 'CIRCUM/ANCES' >GUM5T4 ,AT A MEET+ ( ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S ,9T]NATIONAL 7,I,W,M,A_/,A,I,T7 9 ,P>IS 9 ,DECEMB] ?AT YE>1 ! ,C,N,T'S ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE EXPLA9$ ! PROBLEMS1 :I* IT FELT JU/IFI$ ITS 5TRY 9TO GOV]NM5T4 ,IT >GU$ ?AT PROBABLY ! ,C,N,T C\LD HAVE UNLEA%$ A SUCCESSFUL REVOLUTION1 BUT TO HAVE DONE SO W\LD HAVE MEANT FI<T+ ON ?REE FRONTS1 AGA9/ ! MILIT>Y 9SURG5TS1 AGA9/ C5TRAL GOV]NM5T & AGA9/ =EIGN CAPITALISM3  
  

',LEVANTE WAS UNDEF5D$1 HESITANT ) ! >MY CONT+5TS /ILL 9SIDE !IR B>RACKS2 \R PEOPLE W]E 9 ! M9ORITY 9 ,MADRID2 ,&ALUSIA WAS 9 *AOS1 ) GR\PS ( WORK]S >M$ ) F[L+ PIECES & SICKLES FI<T+ 9 ! HILL C\NTRY4 ,:AT ! SITUATION 9 ! NOR? WAS1 WAS ANYONE'S GUESS1 & WE C\LD ONLY SUPPOSE ?AT ! RE/ ( ,SPA9 HAD FALL5 TO ! FASCI/S444 ,:AT IS MORE1 ! N]V\SNESS ( =EIGN CONSUL> REPRES5TATIVES WAS %[N 9 ! PRES5CE (F \R PORTS ( MANY =EIGN W>%IPS 444 9 ! S\? \R COMRADES1 >M$ ) %OTGUNS1 W]E RESI/+ C\RAGE\SLY BUT LOS+ GR\ND4 ,!Y W]E RE9=C$ ) RIFLES1 MA*9E GUNS & >TILL]Y DISPAT*$ FROM ,CATALONIA & !REBY WEAK5+ ! ?RU/ ( REVOLUTION 9 ,CATALONIA4 ,LEVANTE AT LA/1 DET]M9$ TO /ORM ! B>RACKS1 HAD TO BE S5T RIFLES & MA*9E GUNS444,! ,>AGON FRONT ) ITS #c1 ODD MILITIAM5 W\ND UP ALMO/ DEVOID ( AMMUNITION4 ,WE W\LD HAVE NE$$ AB\T #f11 %ELLS A DAY & WE HAD NOT A S+LE ONE 444 ,! B\RGEOIS DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5TS W\LD HAVE PREV5T$ US BUY+ OR RECEIV+ W> MAT]IAL444'  
  

',9 ! 5D1 WE W]E 9VIT$ TO PRES5T ! REVOLUTION UND] A LESS AGGRESSIVE GUISE BY DISSOLV+ ! ,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,ANTIFASCI/ ,MILITIAS4 ,IT WAS PUT TO US ?AT IT W\LD BE BETT] IF ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T W]E REBUILT 9 ,CATALONIA1 UND] ! PRESID5CY ( A LIB]AL B\RGEOIS1 LIKE ,COMPANYS1 :O W\LD LEAD =EIGN]S TO BELIEVE ?AT ! REVOLUTION WAS BE+ DIRECT$ ALONG LESS RADICAL *ANNELS444 ,SO =MIDABLY & P[]FULLY ORGANIZ$ W]E WE & SO ABSOLUTELY DID WE CONTROL POLITICAL P[]1 MILIT>Y P[] & ECONOMIC P[] 9 ,CATALONIA ?AT1 HAD WE SO DESIR$1 WE HAD ONLY TO LIFT A F+] TO 9/ALL A TOTALIT>IAN AN>*I/ REGIME4 ,BUT WE KNEW ?AT 9 \R H&S ! REVOLUTION W\LD HAVE BURN$ ITSELF \T & ?AT WE AN>*I/S W\LD HAVE RECEIV$ NO EFFECTIVE SUPPORT FROM ABROAD1 NOR C\LD WE HAVE HOP$ = ANY SU* SUPPORT4' 

,REF]R+ TO ! GR[+ PRESSURE FROM ! C5TRAL GOV]NM5T ON ! REVOLUTION>IES' POSITIONS1 ! REPORT CONT9U$3  
  

',\R COLUMNS1 ! /RONGE/ NUM]ICALLY & ! MO/ COMBATIVE1 W]E ! V]Y ONES LEA/ WELL PROVISION$ BY ! GOV]NM5T & ALREADY \R COMRADES W]E SUBJECT TO P]SECUTION & 9TRIGUES444 ?OSE 9 POSITIONS ( P[] CON/ANTLY OB/RUCT$ ! ,C,N,T'S WORK ( CON/RUCTION & EXPROPRIATION444 ,WE LACK$ ! REAL BASIS = A POLICY ( SOCIAL RECON/RUCTION 9 ?AT WE LACK$ GOLD4 ,9 ,CATALONIA WE W]E SY/EMATICALLY D5I$ MONEY1 PROVISIONS & WEAPONS4 ,LIKEWISE1 9 ,LEVANTE & ELSE:]E 9 ! RE>GU>D :]E ! ,C,N,T WAS BOYCOTT$444,M>XI/S & REPUBLICANS W]E 9 COLLUSION &1 S9CE !Y W]E 9 *>GE ( MONEY & >MS1 !Y FAVOR$ !IR [N SUPPORT]S1 ALLOCAT+ !M SUPPLIES1 >MS1 POSITIONS ( COMM&1 MEANS ( COMMUNICATION & TRANSPORTATION444 ,CATALONIA HAD TO ORGANIZE ITS =EIGN TRADE BY COMPET+ ABROAD ) ! RE/ ( ! C\NTRY1 9 BO? ! FE$+ ( H] CITIZ5S & 9 ! PROVISION+ ( ! ,>AGON FRONT4 ,?OSE 9 GOV]NM5T1 EXPLOIT+ \R DESIRE NOT TO %ATT] ! UNITY AMONG ANTIFASCI/S OR 9T]RUPT (FICIAL RELATIONS ) C\NTRIES ABROAD1 ABUS$ !IR PRIVILEG$ DIPLOMATIC CIRCUM/ANCES TO SABOTAGE US VICI\SLY AT EV]Y TURN444'  
  

,! >GUM5TS ADVANC$ BY ! ,C,N,T ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE W]E UND\BT$LY WEI<TY4 ,H[EV]1 ! ,C,N,T'S 5TRY 9TO GOV]NM5T1 PROMPT$1 9 P>T1 AS ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y1 ! AN>*I/ ,M9I/] ( ,HEAL?1 EXPLA9$ IT3 09 ORD] TO PREV5T ! REVOLUTION DEVIAT+ FROM ITS C\RSE & 9 ORD] TO PURSUE IT BEYOND ! W>1 & ALSO 9 ORD] TO OPPOSE ALL POSSIBILITY ( DICTATORIAL 5DEAVORS1 :]EV] !Y %\LD COME FROM01 PROV$ TO BE AN UTT] FAILURE4 ,! ,C,N,T W]E PLAY+ ! /ATE'S GAME ACCORD+ TO ! /ATE'S RULES & ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ LEAD]%IP W]E ABSOLUTELY P[]LESS TO RESI/ IT4 

,NOR DID ! 'CIRCUM/ANCES' >GUM5T ( ! ,SPANI% AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T SATISFY ! 9T]NATIONAL AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,WRIT+ 9 ! ,FR5* AN>*I/ PRESS ! RESPECT$ WRIT] ,SEBA/IAN ,FAURE REBUK$ ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I LEAD]%IP ) DEVA/AT+ LUCIDITY3  
  

0,IF REALITY CONTRADICTS PR9CIPLES1 !N !SE PR9CIPLES MU/ BE MI/AK5 9 :I* CASE WE %\LD LOSE NO TIME AB&ON+ !M2 WE %\LD BE HONE/ 5\< TO ADMIT !IR FALS5ESS 9 PUBLIC & WE %\LD HAVE VIRTUE 5\< TO DEVOTE AS MU* >DOR TO COMBAT+ !M & BE+ AS ACTIVE AGA9/ !M AS =M]LY WE DID 9 !IR DEF5SE4 ,SIMIL>LY1 WE %\LD /RIVE =?) TO SEEK \T MORE SOLID1 MORE JU/ & LESS FALLIBLE PR9CIPLES4 ,IF1 ON ! O!R H&1 ! PR9CIPLES UPON :I* \R IDEOLOGY & TACTICS DEP5D /ILL HOLD1 REG>DLESS ( ! CIRCUM/ANCES1 & >E AS VALID TODAY AS EV] !Y W]E1 !N WE %\LD KEEP FAI? ) !M4 ,TO DEP>T1 EV5 = A %ORT SPACE ( TUNE 9 EXCEPTIONAL CIRCUM/ANCES FROM ! L9E \R PR9CIPLES 9DICATE WE %\LD ADOPT1 IS TO COMMIT A GRAVE ]ROR1 A DANG]\S ]ROR ( JUDGM5T4 ,TO P]SI/ 9 ?IS ]ROR IS TO COMMIT A GRIEV\S MI/AKE1 ! CONSEQU5CES ( :I* LEAD ON GRADUALLY TO ! TEMPOR>Y JETTISON+ ( PR9CIPLES &1 ?R\< CONCESSION AFT] CONCESSION1 TO ! ABSOLUTE F9AL AB&ONM5T ( PR9CIPLE4 ,ONCE AGA91 ?IS IS ! ME*ANISM1 ! SLIPP]Y SLOPES :I* CAN LEAD US F> A/RAY04 .<#f#a.>  
  

,! AN>*I/ 'NOTABLES' QUICKLY DISCOV]$ ?AT !IR P[]S TO 9FLU5CE EV5TS 9 ,CAB9ET W]E M9IMAL4.<#f#b.> ,! SOCIALI/S CONTROLL$ ! SIX MO/ IMPORTANT M9I/RIES3 ,W>1 ,SEA & ,AIR1 ,/ATE1 ,H\S+1 ,LABOR1 ,9T]IOR1 & ! ,PRESID5CY4 ,! ,C,N,T1 ON ! O!R H&1 HAD TO SETTLE = F\R3 ,9DU/RY 7,JUAN ,PEIRO72 ,TRADE 7,JUAN ,LOPEZ ,SAN*EZ72 ,JU/ICE 7,G>CIA ,OLIV]72 ,HEAL? 7,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y74 ,L>GO ,CABALL]O RETA9$ SUPREME EXECUTIVE P[] ?R\< HIS CONTROL ( ! ,W> ,C\NCIL4 ,HAV+ SUCCESSFULLY W$D$ ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP TO ! GOV]NM5T1 ,CABALL]O QUICKLY BEGAN TO UND]M9E UNION CONTROL ( ! MILITIAS & RE/ORE TO ! /ATE ITS MONOPOLY ( VIOL5CE4 ,HE MADE IT QUITE CLE> ?AT HE WAS NOT PREP>$ TO PROVIDE WEAPONS TO ANY UNITS NOT PREP>$ TO ACCEPT MILIT>IZATION & CONV]T TO REGUL> >MY =MATIONS4 ,EQUALLY S]I\S1 P]HAPS1 WAS ! FACT ?AT ! DECISION BY ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP TO ACCEPT GOV]NM5T (FICE ) A L>GELY NOM9AL ( RESPONSIBILITY WAS A CLE> SIGNAL TO BO? ! ,/AL9I/S & ! SOCIALI/S ( ! CONFUS$ ?9K+ & WEAKNESS :I* *>ACT]IZ$ ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP4 ,! AN>*I/S HAD BECOME1 ( !IR [N VOLITION1 ! AG5TS ( ! /ATE & S]VANTS ( (FICIALDOM4 ,?R\< !IR COMMITM5T TO AN ILLUSORY ANTIFASCI/ UNITY ) B\RGEOIS LIB]AL & ,M>XI/ P>TIES ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP HAD BECOME TOTALLY COMPROMIS$ & W]E PREP>+ ! SC5>IO = ! C\P DE GRACE3  
  

0,! TELEGRAPH BR+S US ! NEWS -- :I* WE H]EBY MAKE PUBLIC -- ( ! ,C,N,T'S 5TRY 9TO ! GOV]NM5T4 

,?IS IS TANTAM\NT TO ACCEPT+ ?AT :I* WE HAVE ALWAYS D5\NC$1 !REBY %ATT]+ ! V]Y F\NDATIONS ( \R IDEAS4 

,H5CE=? !RE IS TO BE NO MORE TALK ( FRE$OM1 BUT RA!R ( SUBMISSION TO '\R GOV]NM5T'1 ! ONLY ORGAN ) ! COMPET5CE TO RUN ! W> & MANAGE \R ECONOMIC LIFE4 

,F\R M9I/RIES HAVE BE5 ALLOCAT$ TO ! ,CONF$]AL ,ORGANIZATION 74447 

,F\R JUNIOR M9I/RIES OCCUPI$ BY F\R 9DIVIDUALS :O HAVE NEV] TAK5 AN 9T]E/ 9 ! ISSUES !IR PO/S WILL BE CONC]N$ ) 744471 9COMPET5T1 9EPT POLITICIANS4 

,! /ORY CONT9UES4 ,! /ATE /R5G!NS ITSELF & ALL ) ! BACK+ ( AN ,ORGANIZATION :I* /YLES ITSELF LIB]T>IAN4 

,= H[ LONG COMRADES80 

7,QUOT$ BY ,NE/OR ,ROM]O1 ,AGORA1 ,NO4 #c1 ,AUTUMN #a#i#h1 ,$4 ,P5SEE ET ,ACTION1 ,T\L\SE1 P4 #c#g74  
  

,?,A,T ,S,A,M,E ,E,V,5,+1 AT #i4#c PM ON #d ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c#f1 ,BU5AV5TURA ,DURRUTI BROADCA/ A SPEE* OV] ,RADIO ,C,N,T-,F,A,I FROM ! ORGANIZATION'S TRANSMITT]S 9 ,B>CELONA4 ,EV]YONE WAS ANXI\S TO HE> HIS REPONSE TO ?AT DAY'S NEWS ?AT F\R AN>*I/S HAD JO9$ ! ,MADRID GOV]NM5T3 ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y1 ,JUAN ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 ,JUAN ,LOPEZ & ,JOAN ,PEIRO4 

,! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN ITSELF HAD FAIL$ TO TAKE ,Z>AGOZA4 ,! MA9 PROBLEM HAV+ BE5 ! DIFFICULTY 9 PROCUR+ WEAPONS1 AMMUNITION & SUPPLIES4 ,DURRUTI HAD TRI$ EV]Y?+ 9 HIS P[] TO ACQUIRE >MS4 ,HE HAD EV5 DISPAT*$ SOME ( HIS MILICIANOS ON A PUNITIVE RAID AGA9/ ,SABADELL AT ! BEG9N+ ( ,SEPTEMB] TO =CE ! SURR5D] ( ! WEAPONS /OR$ !RE = ! USE ( A ,SABADELL ,COLUMN ?AT HAD NOT BE5 =M$4 ,ALSO1 ! ,DECREE MILIT>IZ+ ! ,MILITIAS HAD BECOME EFFECTIVE ON #b ,OCTOB] & FRI5DS & 5EMIES ALIKE W]E WAIT+ TO HE> :AT ,DURRUTI HAD TO SAY4 

,PEOPLE BEGAN GA!R+ >\ND ! L\DSPEAK]S HUNG FROM ! TREES 9 ! ,RAMBLAS SOME TIME BE=E ! SPEE* BEGAN4 ,!SE NORMALLY *URN$ \T REVOLUTION>Y AN!MS1 MUSIC & NEWS REPORTS1 BUT ON ?IS OCCASION ! ATMOSPH]E WAS ELECTRIC ) EXPECTATION4 

,! MILIT>IZATION DECREE HAD BE5 HOTLY DEBAT$ )9 ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN ITSELF1 :I* HAD DECID$ NOT TO ACCEPT IT 9 ?AT IT DID NOT HOLD \T ANY PROSPECTS ( IMPROV+ ! FI<T+ CAPABILITIES ( ! MILICIANOS :O HAD VOLUNTE]$ ON #ai ,JULY1 NOR DID IT (F] A SOLUTION TO ! *RONIC %ORTAGE ( >MS4 ,! ,COLUMN ALSO REJECT$ ! NE$ = A B>RACK-/YLE DISCIPL9E & >GU$ ?AT REVOLUTION>Y DISCIPL9E WAS SUP]IOR TO IT3 0,MILICIANOS YES1 SOLDI]S NEV]04 

,DURRUTI1 AS ! ,COLUMN DELEGATE1 US$ HIS SPEE* TO SPELL \T ! S5SE ( 9DIGNATION & BETRAYAL FELT BY ! MILICIANOS ON ! ,>AGON FRONT AT ! CLE>LY C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y TURN ( EV5TS & DEVELOPM5TS BEH9D ! L9ES4 

,DURRUTI'S BROADCA/ BEGAN AT #i4#c PM3  
  

0,WORK]S ( ,CATALONIA3 ,I DIRECT !SE WORDS TO ! ,CATALAN PEOPLE1 ! SELFLESS PEOPLE :O1 F\R MON?S AGO1 L[]$ ! BOOM ON ! MILIT>Y GOONS :O S\<T TO RIDE R\<%OD OV] IT4 ,I BR+ Y\ GREET+S FROM Y\R BRO!RS & COMRADES FI<T+ ON ! ,>AGON FRONT4 ,!Y >E )9 KILOMET]S ( ,Z>AGOZA & 9 SI<T ( ! T[]S ( ! ,PIL>ICA4 

0,DESPITE ! ?REAT LOOM+ OV] ,MADRID1 WE %\LD BE> 9 M9D ?AT WE >E A RIS5 PEOPLE & ?AT NO?+ 9 ?IS WORLD IS GO+ TO MAKE US BACK D[N4 ,WE %ALL HOLD \T ON ! ,>AGON FRONT AGA9/ ! ,>AGONESE FASCI/ HORDES & WE TURN TO \R COMRADES 9 ,MADRID TO TELL !M TO HOLD \T1 = ! MILITIANS ( ,CATALONIA WILL DO !IR DUTY -- JU/ AS !Y TOOK TO ! /REETS ( ,B>CELONA TO CRU% FASCISM4 ,! WORK]S' ORGANIZATIONS \<T NOT TO =GET ! OV]-RID+ DUTY AT ! PRES5T TIME4 ,ON ! FRONT L9ES AS WELL AS 9 ! TR5*ES1 !RE IS BUT ONE ?\<T1 A S+LE AIM4 ,EYES >E FIX$1 LOOK+ EV] =W>D TO ! SOLE AIM ( CRU%+ FASCISM4 

0,WE ASK ! PEOPLE ( ,CATALONIA TO HAVE DONE ) ! 9TRIGUES & 9T]NEC9E /RIFE3 TO PROVE Y\RSELVES EQUAL TO ! CIRCUM/ANCES2 SET ASIDE ALL RANCOR & FOCUS ON ! W>4 ,! PEOPLE ( ,CATALONIA HAVE A DUTY TO LIVE UP TO ! EF=TS ( ?OSE FI<T+ ON ! FRONT4 ,!RE IS NO?+ = IT BUT = EV]YONE TO MOBILIZE4 ,& IT MU/ NOT BE ?\<T ?AT IT IS ALWAYS ! SAME PEOPLE :O %\LD BE MOBILIZ+4 ,:ILE ,CATALONIA'S WORK]S MU/ %\LD] ! RESPONSIBILITY ( S]V+ ON ! FRONT1 ! TIME HAS COME TO REQUIRE SACRIFICE FROM ! ,CATALAN PEOPLE LIV+ 9 ! CITIES TOO4 ,WE NE$ AN EFFECTIVE MOBILIZATION ( ALL WORK]S 9 ! RE>GU>D1 BECAUSE ?OSE ( US ALREADY AT ! FRONT WANT TO KN[ ! CALIB] ( ! M5 WE HAVE AT \R BACKS4 

0,LET ME ADDRESS ! ORGANIZATIONS & ASK !M TO CEASE !IR SQUABBL+ & 9TRIGUES4 ,?OSE ( US AT ! FRONT REQUIRE HONE/Y ( !M1 ESPECIALLY FROM ! ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR & ! ,F,A,I4 ,WE ASK ! LEAD]S TO ACT ) HONE/Y4 ,IT IS NOT 5\< = !M TO S5D US LETT]S AT ! FRONT EGG+ US ON & = !M TO S5D US CLO?+1 FOOD & AMMUNITION & RIFLES4 ,!Y TOO MU/ PROVE EQUAL TO ! CIRCUM/ANCES & LOOK =W>D 9TO ! FUTURE4 ,?IS W> BOA/S ALL ( ! DRAWBACKS ( MOD]N W>F>E & IS CO/+ ,CATALONIA DE>LY4 ,LEAD]S MU/ TAKE IT ON BO>D ?AT IF ?IS W> DRAGS ON1 A />T MU/ BE MADE TO ! ORGANIZ+ ( ,CATALONIA'S ECONOMY & A CODE ( CONDUCT 9 ECONOMIC AFFAIRS4 ,I AM NOT PREP>$ TO SCRIBBLE MORE LETT]S JU/ TO SECURE AN EXTRA CRU/ ( BREAD OR GLASS ( MILK = ! COMRADES OR *ILDR5 ( A MILITIAMAN :ILE !RE >E C\NCILORS :O CAN EAT & DR9K !IR FILL4 ,WE TURN TO ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I TO TELL !M ?AT IF !Y1 AS AN ORGANIZATION1 CONTROL ! ECONOMY1 !Y %\LD BE ORGANIZ+ IT PROP]LY4 ,& LET NO ONE ?9K RI<T N[ AB\T WAGE RISES & CUTS 9 WORK+ H\RS4 ,ALL WORK]S1 ESPECIALLY ,C,N,T WORK]S HAVE A DUTY TO MAKE SACRIFICES & WORK = AS LONG AS MAY TAKE4 

0,IF WE TRULY >E FI<T+ = SOME?+ BETT]1 ! MILITIANS :O BLU% :5 !Y READ 9 ! PRESS ( ! DONATIONS RAIS$ = !M & :5 !Y SEE ! PO/]S ASK+ = AID = !M WILL PROVE IT TO Y\4 ,FASCI/ PLANES FLY OV] US1 DROPP+ NEWSPAP]S 9 :I* WE CAN READ ( FUNDS RAIS$ = !IR FI<T]S1 ! V]Y SAME AS Y\RSELVES4 ,SO WE HAVE TO TELL Y\ ?AT WE >E NOT BEGG>S & DO NOT ACCEPT *>ITY 9 ANY =M4 ,FASCISM /&S = & IS1 9 EFFECT1 SOCIAL 9EQUALITY4 ,UNLESS Y\ WANT ?OSE ( US :O >E FI<T+ TO CONF\ND ?OSE 9 ! RE>GU>D ) \R 5EMIES1 DO Y\R DUTY4 

0,IF Y\ W\LD MAKE PROVISION AGA9/ ?AT DANG]1 Y\ %\LD =M A GRANITE BLOCK4 ,POLITICS IS ! >T ( *ICAN]Y1 ! >T ( LIV+ ! HI< LIFE .<DRONE-LIKE.> & ?IS MU/ GIVE WAY TO ! >T ( TOIL4 ,! TIME HAS COME TO 9VITE ! TRADE UNION ORGANIZATIONS & POLITICAL P>TIES TO HAVE DONE ) ?IS ONCE & = ALL4 ,!RE MU/ BE PROP] ADM9I/RATION 9 ! RE>GU>D4 ,?OSE ( US AT ! FRONT WANT TO FEEL ?AT !RE IS RESPONSIBILITY & REASSURANCE AT \R BACKS & WE 9SI/ ?AT \R ORGANIZATIONS LOOK \T = \R WIVES & \R *ILDR54 

0,IF ! MILIT>IZATION DECRE$ BY ! ,G5]ALIDAD IS MEANT TO SC>E US & FOI/ AN IRON DISCIPL9E UPON US1 Y\ >E SADLY MI/AK54 ,Y\ >E MI/AK51 C\NCILORS1 ) ! DECREE MILIT>IZ+ ! MILITIAS4 ,S9CE Y\ PRATTLE AB\T IRON DISCIPL9E1 ,I SAY TO Y\3 COME ) ME TO ! FRONT L9ES4 ,WE :O >E !RE DO NOT ACCEPT ANY DISCIPL9E BECAUSE WE HAVE 5\< CONSCI5CE TO DO \R DUTY4 ,& Y\ WILL SEE \R ORD] & \R ORGANIZATION4 ,!N WE %ALL GO D[N TO ,B>CELONA & ASK Y\ AB\T Y\R DISCIPL9E1 Y\R ORD] & Y\R CONTROL1 :I* >E NON-EXI/5T4 

0,RE/ EASY4 ,!RE IS NO *AOS & NO 9DISCIPL9E ON ! FRONT4 ,WE >E ALL RESPONSIBLE1 & WE KN[ ! PRIZE Y\ HAVE 5TRU/$ TO US4 ,SLEEP EASY4 ,BUT WE LEFT ,CATALONIA 5TRU/+ ! ECONOMY TO Y\R C>E4 ,TAKE RESPONSIBILITY & DISCIPL9E Y\RSELVES4 ,LET US NOT1 ?R\< \R 9COMPET5CE1 SP>K ANO!R CIVIL W> 9 \R [N RANKS AFT] ?IS W>4 

0,IF !RE IS ANYONE ?9K+ ?AT HIS P>TY MAY BE 9 A BETT] POSITION TO IMPOSE ITS POLICY1 HE IS MI/AK51 BECAUSE FASCI/ TYRANNY CAN ONLY BE RESI/$ BY MEANS ( A S+LE =CE & !RE %\LD BE ONLY ONE ORGANIZATION ) A S+LE DISCIPL9E4 ,!RE IS NO WAY 9 ?IS WORLD ?AT !SE FASCI/ TYRANTS >E GO+ TO GET PA/ US4 ,?AT IS ! WAT*WORD H]E AT ! FRONT4 ,TO !M1 WE SAY3 0,Y\ %ALL NOT PASS60 ,& IT IS UP TO Y\ TO *ORUS3 0,!Y %ALL NOT PASS60  
  

,P,E,O,P,L,E ,D,I,S,C,U,S,S,$ ,DURRUTI'S SPEE* = H\RS AFT] ! BROADCA/ 5D$-- AB\T :AT HE HAD /AT$ ) HIS CU/OM>Y =CEFULNESS & 9TEGRITY4 ,HIS WORDS E*O$ L\DLY & PASSIONATELY ?R\< ! ,B>CELONA NI<T1 EMBODY+ ! 9N]MO/ ?\<TS ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,HIS W]E WORDS ( CAUTION1 REM9D+ ! WORK]S ?AT !Y W]E REVOLUTION>Y MILITANTS4 ,DURRUTI DID NOT LOOK UPON ANYONE AS A GOD1 ANY MORE ?AN ! WORK+ CLASS REG>D$ HIM AS ONE4 ,HE HAD /AT$ ?AT ! MILITIANS CONFRONT+ FASCISM ON ! BATTLEFIELD W]E NOT PREP>$ TO LET ANYBODY BELITTLE !IR LIB]AT+1 REVOLUTION>Y MESSAGE4 ,?IS WAS NOT A FI<T = ANY ,REPUBLIC OR B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY -- BUT A FI<T TO SEE ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION SUCCE$ & ! PROLET>IAT EMANCIPAT$4 

,!RE WAS NOT ONE WORD ( DEMAGOG]Y OR RHETORIC 9 ! 5TIRE SPEE*4 ,!Y W]E H>D1 H>%1 WORDS = ?OSE AT ! TOP -- & = ?OSE AT ! BOTTOM1 ! WORK]S & = ! ,C,N,T HI]>*S 5SCONC$ 9 HUNDR$S ( POSITIONS ( RESPONSIBILITY2 = ! RANK-&-FILE CITIZ5 & ,G5]ALIDAD C\NCILORS OR BR& NEW AN>*I/ M9I/]S4 ,IT WAS A DIATRIBE AGA9/ BUREAUCRATIZATION ( ! REVOLUTION & AN 9DICTM5T ( ! GOV]NM5T'S POLICY1 :E!R ,C,N,T P]SONNEL W]E 9 IT OR NOT4 ,9 ! RE>GU>D !RE WAS A DEPLORABLE T5D5CY TO MI/AKE DUTY = *>ITY1 ADM9I/RATION = COMM&1 FUNCTION ) BUREAUCRACY1 RESPONSIBILITY = DISCIPL9E1 AGREEM5T ) DECREE & EXAMPLE ) ORD] & COMM&4 ,! ?REATS TO 0GO D[N TO ,B>CELONA0 REVIV$ ! FE>S ( ! B\RGEOISIE'S POLITICAL REPRES5TATIVES1 AL?\< EV5 !N IT WAS TOO LATE TO REPAIR ! FATEFUL MI/AKE MADE BACK 9 ,JULY :5 ! REVOLUTION WAS PO/PON$ 0UNTIL AFT] ,Z>AGOZA HAS BE5 TAK50 DUE TO ! !ORETICAL %ORTCOM+S & LACK ( =ESI<T 9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,BUT A ?REAT TO ! AU?ORITIES DID NOT GO UNANSW]$3 ,DURRUTI'S WORDS1 DIRECT$ AT HIS [N CLASS1 WAS TANTAM\NT TO A REVOLUTION>Y TE/AM5T4 ,A TE/AM5T RA!R ?AN A PROCLAMATION BECAUSE HIS DEA? WAS A DEA? =ESE5 :I* PO/HUM\S DEIFICATION TURN$ 9TO AN 5IGMA4 ,! ,C,N,T MEMB]%IP ( ! DAY WAS NOT P]SUAD$ ?AT SOVIET AG5TS W]E ACT+ RESPONSIBLY1 A BELIEF QUICKLY REBUTT$ = POLITICAL REASONS & )\T PROP] 9VE/IGATION BY ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I'S REGIONAL & NATIONAL COMMITTEE MEMB]S4 

,! REBIR? ( /ATE P[] AL>M$ MILITANTS1 BUT = ! MO/ P>T PROTE/ WAS MUT$4 ,DISORI5T$ BY ! ,C,N,T'S 5TRY 9TO GOV]NM5T ! CONSCI\S RANK & FILE AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S LIMIT$ !MSELVES TO RE-AFFIRM+ !IR COMMITM5T TO AN>*ISM 9 ! HOPE ?AT !Y C\LD 9FLU5CE ! CONSCI5CES ( ! 'COMRADE' M9I/]S4 

,H[EV]1 IT IS ALSO EQUALLY C]TA9 ?AT ALL ( ! FRONTS1 9CLUD+ ,MADRID1 HAD1 = MANY MON?S1 BE5 CONTROLL$ BY ! PEOPLE 9 >MS ?R\< ! MILITIAS4 ,! *>GE ?AT ! NATURAL *AOS ( ! E>LY MON?S ( ! W> WAS DUE TO ! 9EPTITUDE ON ! P>T ( ! MILITIAS IS TOTALLY UNF\ND$4 ,! MUT9\S >MY1 WELL >M$ & DISCIPL9$1 HAD BE5 PREP>+ !IR C\P = AT LEA/ TWO YE>S PREVI\SLY4 ,! PEOPLE 9 >MS1 ON ! O!R H&1 HAD RESCU$ HALF ( ,SPA9 FROM ! >MY 9 ! SPACE ( #dh H\RS4 ,HAD !Y RECEIV$ ! >MS & MUNITIONS !Y NE$$1 IT IS ALSO LIKELY !Y C\LD HAVE TAK5 ,Z>AGOZA & ,HUESCA 9 ! FIR/ WEEKS ( ! W>1 !REBY 9CREAS+ ! LIKELIHOOD ( ULTIMATE VICTORY4 ,! ,SPANI% REPUBLICAN B\RGEOISIE1 ) GOOD REASON1 WAS MORE FRI<T5$ ( ITS [N WORK+ CLASS ?AN FASCISM4 ,:ILE ! POPUL> MILITIAS CONFRONT$ ! REBEL >MY AT ! FRONTS1 ! REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T SET AB\T MAK+ W> 9 ! RE>GU>D4 ,ITS OV]RID+ CONC]N WAS NOT ! PROSECUTION ( ! W>1 BUT ! RE/ORATION ( ! P>APH]NALIA ( LAW & ORD] ) :I* TO DEF5D ! 9T]E/S ( ! /ATE & ! 9/ITUTIONS ( CAPITALISM4 

,9 ,OCTOB] ,CAMILLO ,B]N]I HAD NOT$3  
  

0,FROM A TRU/WOR?Y S\RCE1 WE KN[ ?AT S9CE ! />T SOME #h1 ,G]MANS HAVE 5T]$ ,SPA91 COMM&$ BY ,RUSSIAN (FIC]S4 ,IT IS OBVI\S ?AT ,MADRID IS ORGANIZ+ ITS [N T]CIO 7=EIGN LEGION71 :I*1 WELL >M$ & WELL COMM&$1 WILL BE ABLE TO RE/ORE ORD]4 ,! 9CREASE 9 ! POLICE =CES 7,GU>DIAS DE ASALTO & ,GU>DIA ,CIVILES7 & ! MASS >RIVAL ( ,MOSC['S ,MOROCCANS MU/ GIVE US PAUSE = ?\<T40.<#f#c.>  
  

,! AN>*I/ C\NT]ATTACK AGA9/ MILIT>IZATION WAS AGA9 SPE>HEAD$ BY ! ,IRON ,COLUMN & ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S ( ! ,LEVANTE4 ,! MATT] WAS DISCUSS$ AT A ,PL5UM ( ,SYNDICATES HELD 9 ,VAL5CIA ON #ac ,NOVEMB]1 #a#i#c#f4.<#f#d.> ,! POSITION ( ! ,IRON ,COLUMN WAS /AT$ ?US3  
  

0,IDEOLOGICALLY1 WE REMA9 ! 5EMIES ( ALL GOV]NM5TS4 ,:AT 9T]E/S US IS FACTS4 ,!RE IS A LOT ( TALK AB\T FASCISM & H[ FASCISM IS A ?REAT1 & ?IS IS \R BELIEF3 BUT WE SEE & WE NOTE ?AT EV]YONE IS SAY+ ?AT !Y AGREE TO COMPROMISE = ! PURPOSE ( AID+ ! M5 9 ! FRONT L9ES1 & ?AT ALL ?AT IS AGRE$ TO IS AGRE$ 9 ! EXPECTATION ( R5D]+ ! /RUGGLE MORE EFFECTIVE3 WE HAVE YET TO SEE ! FRUITS ( SO MANY COMPROMISES & SU* WIDESPREAD ACCEPTANCE ( ?+S :I* HAVE ALWAYS BE5 REPUGNANT TO US4 ,WE WI% TO POSE ONE SPECIFIC & CLE> -CUT QUE/ION4 ,EV]YONE IS AW>E ?AT !RE IS A SC>CITY ( MAT]IALS ON ! ,T]UEL FRONT1 & Y\ ALL KN[ ! REM$Y LIES 9 ! H&S ( ! GOV]NM5T4 ,?AT REM$Y WAS NOT =?COM+ E>LI]1 :5 WE W]E NOT 9 ! GOV]NM5T & IT IS NOT =?COM+ N[ :5 WE >E 9 IT4 ,BE=E !Y GAVE US NO?+4 ,! POSITION N[ IS PRECISELY ! SAME 74447 ,WE WANT ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE TO TELL ! GOV]NM5T ?IS -- & WE WANT AN ANSW]04.<#f#e.>  
  

,! FOLL[+ DAY1 ,FRAGUA ,SOCIAL PUBLI%$ ?IS /ATEM5T APPROV$ BY ! ,IRON ,COLUMN3  
  

0 444 ,WE >E FI<T+ TO DE/ROY FASCISM & = \R IDEAL1 :I* IS ,AN>*Y4 ,EV]Y ACT ON \R P>T %\LD T5D NOT TO BOL/] ! /ATE BUT TO DE/ROY IT PROGRESSIVELY3 WE MU/ MAKE ! GOV]NM5T COMPLETELY R$UNDANT4 ,WE ACCEPT NO?+ :I* RUNS C\NT] TO \R CONCEPTION ( AN>*ISM1 A CONCEPTION :I* MU/ BECAME A REALITY3 BECAUSE ONE CANNOT PREA* ONE ?+ & PRACTICE ANO!R40  
  

,A FEW DAYS LAT]1 ON #ag ,NOVEMB]1 ! ,IRON ,COLUMN DELEGATE ADDRESS$ ! ,C,N,T ,REGIONAL ,CONGRESS 9 ,VAL5CIA3  
  

0 444 ,!RE >E COMRADES :O ?9K ?AT MILIT>IZATION WILL SOLVE EV]Y?+4 ,WE1 ON ! O!R H&1 SAY IT WILL SOLVE NO?+4 ,9 PLACE1 ( CORPORALS1 S]GEANTS & (FIC]S GRADUAT+ FROM ! ACADEMIES WE (F] \R [N ORGANIZATION1 & WE DO NOT ACCEPT MILIT>IZATION4 ,! ,IRON ,COLUMN & ALL ! COLUMNS ( ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I & O!R COLUMNS :I* >E NOT CONF$]AL HAVE NOT EMBRAC$ MILIT>Y DISCIPL9E 744474 

0,WE HAVE NO NE$ ( BRAID &1 CONSEQU5TLY1 WE CANNOT CONS5T4 ,! ONLY \TCOME W\LD BE A SWIT* FROM A F$]ALI/ /RUCTURE TO A B>RACK /YLE DISCIPL9E1 :I* IS PRECISELY :AT WE DO NOT WANT4440  
  

,IT WAS NOT M]ELY ON POLITICAL GR\NDS OR FE> ?AT ! ,C,N,T MI<T DIS9TEGRATE ?AT MOV$ ! MEMB]S ( ! ,IRON ,COLUMN TO REJECT MILIT>IZATION1 BUT A DEEP CONVICTION CONC]N+ ! ESS5TIAL BASIS = PURSU+ ANY SOCIAL ACTIVITY1 9 ?IS CASE ! W> EF=T1 BAS$ ON AN>*I/ PR9CIPLES4 ,! DELEGATE CONT9U$3  
  

0,!RE IS CON/ANT TALK ( UNIT$ MILITIAS4 ,\R ?9K+ IS ?AT1 TOMORR[ AS WELL AS TODAY1 ASSOCIATION ON ! BASIS ( AFF9ITY %\LD PREVAIL4 ,?AT 9DIVIDUALS %\LD ASSOCIATE ON ! BASIS ( !IR IDEAS & !IR TEMP]AM5TS4 ,?AT ?OSE :O ?9K ALONG !SE OR O!R L9ES %\LD UNITE !IR EF=TS TO A*IEVE COMMON AIMS4 ,IF COLUMNS >E =M$ 9 A RAGBAG FA%ION NO PRACTICAL RESULTS WILL BE =?COM+40  

,MILIT>IZATION -- ,NOVEMB] #aicf 

  

,! ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,LEVANTE BACK$ ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I NATIONAL LEAD]%IP & DID LITTLE TO SUPPORT ! REFRACTORY ,IRON ,COLUMN'S URG5T REQUE/ = M51 PROVISIONS & MUNITIONS3  
  

0,?IS BOYCOTT WAS A S]I\S MATT] = ! ,IRON ,COLUMN4 ,9 ! E>LY MON?S ( ! W> IT HAD BE5 ABLE TO RELY UPON ITS [N RECRUIT+ CAMPAIGNS & UPON CONFISCATIONS C>RI$ \T ) ! AID ( AN>*I/ CONTROLL$ COMMITTEES 9 VILLAGES & T[NS BEH9D ! L9ES4 ,BUT A DECL9E 9 REVOLUTION>Y F]VOR & ! DISCR$IT 9TO :I* ! COLUMN HAD FALL5 9 LIB]T>IAN CIRCLES MEANT ?AT ITS APPEALS = VOLUNTE]S W]E 9CAPABLE ( FURNI%+ IT ) AN ADEQUATE SUPPLY ( FRE% RECRUITS = ! RELIEF ( M5 AT ! FRONT4 ,FUR!RMORE1 ! COMMITTEES W]E BE+ SUPPLANT$ BY REGUL> ORGANS ( ADM9I/RATION1 9 :I* ! MORE REVOLUTION>Y ELEM5TS W]E NO LONG] ! PREPOND]ANT =CE40.<#f#f.>  
  

,ANG] & DISMAY AT ! PROSPECT ( MILIT>IZATION & ! NEW ,MILIT>Y ,CODE SPREAD ?R\<\T ! MILITIAS4 ,! ,G]MAN AN>*I/S FROM ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,GR\P ( ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN SOME:AT HOPEFULLY SUGGE/$ ?AT DIRECT DEMOCRACY %\LD BE ! GUID+ PR9CIPLE 9 DRAFT+ ! PROPOS$ MILIT>Y CODE3 ! ABOLITION ( SALUT+1 EQUAL PAY = ALL1 PRESS FRE$OM 7NEWSPAP]S TO BE AVAILABLE AT ! FRONT71 FRE$OM ( DISCUSSION4.<#f#g.> 

,9T]VIEW$ BY ! ,FR5* AN>*I/ PAP] ,L8,ESPAGNE ,ANTIFASCI/E1 ,DURRUTI SPOKE ( ! PROPOS$ MILIT>IZATION3  
  

0444,?IS DECISION BY ! GOV]NM5T HAS HAD A DEPLORABLE EFFECT4 ,IT IS ABSOLUTELY DEVOID ( ANY S5SE ( REALITY4 ,!RE IS AN IRRECONCILABLE CONTRA/ BETWE5 ?AT M5TALITY & ?AT ( ! MILITIAS 444 ,WE KN[ ?AT ONE ( !SE ATTITUDES HAS TO VANI% 9 ! FACE ( ! O!R ONE40  
  

,NOVEMB] #aicf PROV$ TO BE A MILE/ONE 9 ! CIVIL W>4 ,HAV+ SURR\ND$ ,MADRID ! MUT9\S >MY MADE A SUPREME EF=T TO OV]RUN ! CAPITAL4 ,! B\RGEOIS GOV]NM5T ( ,L>GO ,CABALL]O1 TOGE!R ) ! NEWLY APPO9T$ AN>*I/ M9I/]S1 FL$ ! CAPITAL ON ! #f ,NOVEMB] TO ,VAL5CIA :ILE ! PEOPLE ( ,MADRID RALLI$ TO ! CITY'S DEF5SE TO CRIES ( ',LONG ,LIVE ,MADRID ,)\T ,GOV]NM5T6' 

,UND] /RONG PRESSURE FROM ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y ACT+ ON BEHALF ( ! ,C\NCIL ( ,M9I/]S1 ,DURRUTI1 9CREAS+LY DISMAY$ AB\T ! /EADY ]OSION ( ! GA9S ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION 9 ! RE>GU>D :ILE ! MILITANTS W]E SACRIFIC+ !IR LIVES DAILY1 RELUCTANTLY AGRE$ TO BROADCA/ AN APPEAL = MILITIA VOLUNTE]S TO SAVE ,MADRID4 ,! APPEAL WAS BROADCA/ ON ,C,N,T-,F,A,I RADIO ON #d ,NOVEMB]4 ,DURRUTI MADE IT QUITE CLE> TO ! B\RGEOISIE ?AT ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION W\LD NOT BE OV]COME 9 ! NAME ( ANTIFASCISM3  
  

0,! TIME HAS COME TO DEM& SACRIFICES ALSO FROM ?OSE LIV+ 9 ! CITIES4 ,!RE MU/ BE EFFECTIVE MOBILIZATION ( ALL WORK]S 9 ! RE>1 = WE :O >E ALREADY ON ! FRONT WANT TO KN[ :AT SORT ( M5 WE CAN RELY ON 9 \R RE> 444 IF ! OBJECT ( ! MILIT>IZATION DECRE$ BY ! ,G5]ALIDAD IS TO 9TIMIDATE US & FOI/ AN IRON DISCIPL9E UPON US1 ?AT IS A MI/AKE & WE 9VITE ! AU?ORS ( ! DECREE TO CAME \T TO ! FRONT & GET A TA/E ( \R MORALE & DISCIPL9E4 ,!N WE %ALL GO & COMP>E ?OSE ) MORALE & DISCIPL9E 9 ! RE>GU>D 444 ,WE :O HAVE LEFT ,CATALONIA 5TRU/ ! MANAGEM5T ( ! ECONOMY TO Y\4 ,Y\ MU/ ALSO LIVE UP TO Y\R RESPONSIBILITIES & DISCIPL9E40.<#f#h.>  
  

,DURRUTI LEFT ,>AGON ) AB\T #a1.<#f#i.> VOLUNTE]S & MADE HIS WAY ?R\< ,L]IDA1 ,B>CELONA1 ,VAL5CIA & !N ON TO ,MADRID4 ,AT ! ,BAKUN9 B>RACKS 9 ,B>CELONA HE GAVE ANO!R MEMORABLE SPEE* TO HIS COMRADES 9 >MS3  
  

0,DO Y\ WANT TO COME ) ME TO ,MADRID1 YES OR NO8 ,IT IS A QUE/ION ( LIFE OR DEA? = US ALL4 ,WE WILL EI!R CONQU] OR DIE1 BECAUSE DEFEAT WILL BE SO T]RIBLE ?AT WE C\LD NOT SURVIVE IT4 ,BUT WE WILL CONQU]4 ,I HAVE FAI? 9 \R VICTORY4 ,I ONLY REGRET ?AT ,I SPEAK TO Y\ TODAY 9 A B>RACK4 ,SOME DAY B>RACKS WILL BE ABOLI%$ & WE WILL LIVE 9 A FREE SOCIETY4 ,& ,DURRUTI GAVE SU* A DESCRIPTION ( A SOCIETY )\T 9JU/ICE & CRUELTY ?AT MO/ ( ! M5 :O W]E LI/5+ CRI$4 ,& :5 AT ! 5D HE ASK$ ! QUE/ION AGA93 ,>E Y\ COM+ ) ME1 YES OR NO8 IT WAS SU* A UNANIM\S ',YES'1 SO S9C]E & SO DEEP ?AT ,I CAN NEV] =GET IT40.<#g.>  
  

,BY ! TIME ,DURRUTI & HIS VOLUNTE]S >RIV$ AT ! ,VALLECAS B>RICADES ON ! \TSKIRTS ( ! BESIEG$ CAPITAL ON #ad ,NOVEMB] HIS COLUMN HAD RIS5 TO >\ND #a1#h MILITIANS4 

,! ,FLI<T ( ! ,GOV]NM5T 

  

,! FIR/ MAJOR DECISION FOI/$ UPON ! NEW AN>*I/ M9I/]S 9 ! ,CABALL]O GOV]NM5T WAS ?AT ( AB&ON+ OR REMA9+ 9 ! BESIEG$ CAPITAL4 ,AT A HA/ILY SUMMON$ ,C\NCIL ( ,M9I/]S1 ,CABALL]O PROPOS$ MOV+ ! GOV]NM5T TO ,VAL5CIA4 ,?IS WAS OPPOS$ BY ,JU/ICE ,M9I/] ,G>CIA ,OLIV]4 ,HAV+ AB&ON$ FUNDAM5TAL PR9CIPLES BY BECOM+ MEMB]S ( A GOV]NM5T !IR CR$IBILITY W\LD HAVE BE5 FUR!R DIM9I%$ BY BE+ SE5 TO BE AB&ON+ ,MADRID TO ITS FATE4 ,OLIV] REF]R$ ! MATT] TO ! ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,C,N,T1 ,NATIONAL ,SECRET>Y1 ,HORACIO ,PRIETO1 ADVIS$ !M3 0,HOLD \T1 BUT IF Y\ RISK A CRISIS1 !N GIVE 940.<#g#a.> 

,! GOV]NM5T LEFT ,MADRID = ! SAFETY ( ,VAL5CIA ON #f ,NOVEMB]4 ,!IR DEP>TURE DID NOT GO UNNOTIC$ BY ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,C,N,T :O DET]M9$ TO %[ !M ?AT ! PEOPLE 9 >MS W]E /ILL MA/]S ( ! SITUATION4 ,CIPRIANO ,M]A1 ! AN>*I/ MILIT>Y COMM&] ( ,MADRID1 S5T \T A BULLET9 TO ALL MILITIA UNITS ON ! ,VAL5CIA ROAD ( 9=M !M ( ! FLI<T ( ! M9I/]S & ORD]$ !IR DET5TION4 ,! M9I/]S W]E HALT$ AT ! ,C,N,T *ECKPO9T 9 ,CU5CA BY A MILITIA UNIT L$ BY AN AN>*I/ MILITANT CALL$ ,VILLANUEVA4 ,! M9I/]S1 9CLUD+ ! AN>*I/S1 ) ! EXCEPTION ( ,G>CIA ,OLIV] :O HAD TRAVEL$ BY ANO!R R\TE1 PROTE/$ BUT ! MILITIA UNIT1 :OSE ORD]S W]E TO DIS>M & PREV5T PEOPLE LEAV+ ,MADRID1 TREAT$ !M AS ORD9>Y DES]T]S4 ,ONE COMPLA9$ BITT]LY3 0,?IS IS TOO MU*4 ,I AM ! ,M9I/] ( ,=EIGN ,AFFAIRS & ,I AM GO+ TO ,VAL5CIA04 ,! MILITIAMAN REPLI$3 0,Y\R DUTY AS M9I/] IS TO /AY ) ! PEOPLE AT ?IS DRAMATIC H\R4 ,FLEE+1 Y\ DEMORALIZE ! FI<T]S40 ,! COMMUNI/ M9I/]S ,JESUS ,H]N&EZ & ,VIC5TE ,URIBE W]E ALSO DIS>M$ & :5 ASK$ :AT HE WAS GO+ TO DO1 ,VILLANUEVA REPLI$ ?AT AS HE RETURN+ TO DEF5D ,MADRID ! FOLL[+ MORN+ HE W\LD TAKE ! M9I/]S ) HIM & 9T5D$ TO 0 PUT Y\ 9 ! FRONT L9ES :5 WE GO 9TO BATTLE40 0,BUT ?IS IS CRIM9AL01 !Y REPLI$4 ,VILLANUEVA W5T ON3 0 ,IT W\LD BE WORSE IF ,I %OT Y\ AS Y\ DES]VE40.<#g#b.> 

,VILLANUEVA1 AFT] CONTACT+ ,$U>DO ,VAL1 ,SECRET>Y ( ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,C,N,T 9 ,MADRID1 RELEAS$ ! M9I/]S A %ORT TIME LAT]4 ,BE=E !Y CLIMB$ 9TO !IR C>S TO CONT9UE !IR J\RNEY TO ,VAL5CIA1 ,VILLANUEVA ADVIS$ !M3  
  

0,! ,ORGANIZATION HAS FRE$ Y\ AGA9/ MY WILL4 ,Y\ CAN GO TO ,VAL5CIA1 BUT NEV] =GET TODAY'S FLI<T -- & EV5 MORE ! H]OISM ) :I* ! PEOPLE ( ,MADRID >E FI<T+40.<#g#c.>  
  

,! M9I/]S W]E NOT TO ! =GET ! IGNOM9Y ( !IR HUMILIAT+ >RE/ AT ! H&S ( ! PEOPLE'S MILITIA & ! 9CID5T /R5G!N$ !IR RESOLVE TO BREAK ?AT POPUL> ORGAN ( ! REVOLUTION AT ! E>LIE/ OPPORTUNITY4 

,MADRID -- ,! ,DEA? ( ,DURRUTI 

  

,! DEF5SE ( ,MADRID WAS BLOODY & VICI\S4 ,IT LA/$ FROM #g ,NOVEMB] UNTIL #b ,NOVEMB]4 ,ON HIS >RIVAL ON ! EV5+ ( #ad ,NOVEMB]1 ,DURRUTI WAS GIV5 RESPONSIBILITY = A SECTOR ( ! ,UNIV]SITY CAMPUS :]E ANO!R COLUMN1 ,LIB]TAD ,LOPEZ ,TI5DA1 COMM&$ BY A C]TA9 ',NEGUS' ( ! ,P,S,U,C1 ! ,CATALAN ,M>XI/ P>TY1 WAS ALSO LOCAT$4 ,AT DAWN ! FOLL[+ DAY1 #ae ,NOVEMB]1 BO? ! ,DURRUTI & ,LIB]TAD ,LOPEZ ,TI5DA COLUMNS LAUN*$ A HEAD-ON ATTACK 9 AN ATTEMPT TO PREV5T ! ,MOORI% TROOPS CROSS+ ! ,MANZAN>ES RIV]4 ,! PRESSURE WAS TOO GREAT4 ,FRE% NATIONALI/ RE9=CEM5TS UND] ,G5]AL ,AS5SIO MANAG$ TO =CE !IR WAY 9TO ! ,S*OOL ( ,>*ITECTURE HAV+ WIP$ \T MO/ ( ! ,LIB]TAD-,LOPEZ ,TI5DA ,COLUMN & >\ND A ?IRD ( ,DURRUTI'S M54 

,ON #ag ,NOVEMB]1 ,G]MAN ,JUNK] AIRCRAFT BEGAN !IR 9T5SIVE BLITZKRIEG BOMB+ RAIDS WREAK+ DEA? & DE/RUCTION ?R\<\T ! CITY4 ,?AT DAY ,DURRUTI WROTE :AT W]E TO BE HIS LA/ WORDS3  
  

0,I HAVE COME FROM ! L& ( ,>AGON TO W9 ?IS FI<T :I* TODAY IS A QUE/ION ( LIFE OR DEA?1 NOT M]ELY = ! ,SPANI% PROLET>IAT BUT = ! WORLD AS A :OLE4 ,EV]Y?+ H+ES UPON ,MADRID & ,I WILL NOT ATTEMPT TO DISGUISE MY DELI<T AT F9D+ MYSELF FACE TO FACE ) ! 5EMY1 IF ONLY BECAUSE IT L5DS NOBILITY TO ! /RUGGLE4 ,BE=E TAK+ MY LEAVE ( ,CATALONIA1 ,I ASK$ ?AT ?OSE 9VOLV$ 9 ! /RUGGLE BE CONSCI5TI\S4 ,I AM NOT REF]R+ TO ! POOR 9 SPIRIT OR ?OSE :O >E LACK+ 9 VIGOR4 ,I MEAN ?OSE ( US COMMITT$ TO PRESS+ ONW>DS1 EV] ONW>DS4 ,RIFLES >E ( NO AVAIL IF !RE IS NO DET]M9ATION1 NO +5UITY 9 !IR USE4 ,!RE IS NO QUE/ION ?AT ! FASCI/S %ALL 5T] ,MADRID1 BUT !Y MU/ BE REPULS$ SOON1 = ,SPA9 MU/ BE RETAK54 ,I AM HAPPY 9 ,MADRID1 ,I MAKE NO BONES AB\T ?AT2 IT DELI<TS ME TO SEE H] N[ ) ! COMPOSURE ( ! S]I\S M9D$ MAN :O IS ALIVE TO HIS RESPONSIBILITY & NOT ! FRIVOLITY & BEWILD]M5T DISPLAY$ BY A MAN :5 ! TORM5T LOOMS40.<#g#d.>  
  

,JU/ AFT] MIDDAY ON #ai ,NOVEMB]1 ,DURRUTI1 ACCOMPANI$ BY HIS DRIV] ,JULIO ,GRAVES1 ,MIGUEL ,YOLDE1 ,BONILLA & HIS ,G5]ALIDAD-APPO9T$ MILIT>Y ADVIS] ,S]GEANT ,MANZANA1 SET \T = ! ,CL9ICAL ,HOSPITAL1 ! SC5E ( S]I\S FI<T+ ) ,MOORI% TROOPS4 ,NOTIC+ A GR\P ( MILITIAM5 HE ?\<T W]E DES]T]S1 ,DURRUTI /OPP$ ! C> & GOT \T TO ORD] !M TO RETURN TO !IR POSITIONS1 :I* !Y DID4 ,AS HE OP5$ ! C> DOOR TO RE5T]1 A BUR/ ( MA*9E GUN FIRE FROM 9SIDE HIT ,DURRUTI 9 ! *E/ AT PO9T BLANK RANGE4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,MIGUEL ,YOLDE & ,S]GEANT ,MANZANA ! BULLETS CAME FROM ,DURRUTI'S [N MA*9E GUN :5 IT ACCID5TALLY KNOCK$ AGA9/ ! C> DOOR4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,BONILLA1 H[EV]1 ! ?IRD OCCUPANT1 ! FATAL %OTS W]E FIR$ 'DELIB]ATELY OR ACCID5TALLY'1 BY ,S]GEANT ,MANZANA4 ,9T]E/+LY 5\<1 ACCORD+ TO ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 ,DURRUTI NEV] C>RI$ A MA*9E GUN1 ONLY A PI/OL4 

,BU5AV5TURA ,DURRUTI1 ! 'TR\BLESOME PRIE/' ( AN>*ISM1 DI$ FROM HIS W\NDS 9 ! E>LY H\RS ( ,NOVEMB] #b AG$ #d YE>S4 

,NOT CONV9C$ ?AT ,DURRUTI'S DEA? WAS ! ACCID5T OR ! WORK ( A SNIP] AS PRES5T$ BY ! ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,C,N,T1 & WORRI$ ?AT ,MADRID WAS A TRAP DESIGN$ TO ELIM9ATE ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ MILITANTS1 :AT REMA9$ ( ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN WANT$ TO LEAVE ! ,CAPITAL IMM$IATELY4 ,! HA/Y >RIVAL ( ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y MANAG$ TO P]SUADE !M TO REMA9 ON 9 ,MADRID4 ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 9 SPITE ( ! P]SONAL D\BTS HE CLAIMS TO HAVE H>BOR$ AB\T ,DURRUTI'S DEA? HAD NO FAI? 9 ! CAPACITY ( ! RANK-&-FILE TO ACCEPT ! CIRCUM/ANCES ( ! DEA? AT FACE VALUE & JUDGE = !MSELVES4 ,IT WAS HE :O TOOK IT UPON HIMSELF TO RELEASE ! MANIPULATIVE LIE ?AT ,BU5AV5TURA ,DURRUTI HAD DI$ AS A H]O AT ! H&S ( AN UNKN[N SNIP]4 

,ON #ba ,NOVEMB] ! ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,C,N,T & ! ,P59SUL> ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,F,A,I ISSU$ ! FOLL[+ /ATEM5T3  
  

0,WORK]S6 ,! SNIP]S ( :AT HAS COME TO BE KN[N AS ! 0FIF? COLUMN0 HAVE FLOAT$ ! FALLACI\S RUMOR ?AT \R COMRADE ,DURRUTI HAS BE5 VILELY MURD]$ BY AN ACT ( TREA*]Y4 ,WE CAUTION ALL COMRADES AGA9/ ?IS F\L SL&]4 ,IT IS A BASE MANEUV] CALCULAT$ TO SMA% ! PROLET>IAT'S R$\BTABLE UNITY ( ACTION & ?\<T .<:I* IS.> ! MO/ EFFICACI\S WEAPON AGA9/ FASCISM4 ,COMRADES6 ,DURRUTI DID NOT P]I% ?R\< ANY ACT ( TREA*]Y4 ,HE FELL 9 ! FRAY AS HAVE SO MANY O!RS FI<T]S = FRE$OM4 ,HE DI$ A H]O'S DEA?3 :ILE C>RY+ \T HIS DUTY4 ,LET US BE UNANIM\S 9 REJECT+ ?IS DESPICABLE 9NU5DO CALCULAT$ BY ! FASCI/S = ! PURPOSE ( SMA%+ \R 9DE/RUCTIBLE UNITY4 ,REJECT IT )\T EUPHEMISM & 9 ITS 5TIRETY4 ,PAY NO HE$ TO IRRESPONSIBLE TYPES :O P$DLE FRATRICIDAL RUMORS4 ,!Y >E ! REVOLUTION'S GREATE/ 5EMY60.<#g#e.>  
  

,DURRUTI'S BODY WAS TAK5 BY C> TO ,B>CELONA :]E ! FUN]AL TOOK PLACE ON #bc ,NOVEMB]4 ,IT WAS ONE ( ! MO/ IMPORTANT WORK+ CLASS DEMON/RATIONS 9 ! HI/ORY ( ! ,SPANI% LABOR MOVEM5T ) OV] HALF-A-MILLION PEOPLE L9+ ! /REETS ( ! ,CATALAN CAPITAL TO PAY !IR RESPECTS TO AN 9DOMITABLE WORK+ CLASS H]O4 ,DURRUTI WAS LAID TO RE/ BESIDE HIS CLOSE/ COMRADE1 ,FRANCISCO ,ASCASO1 :O HAD DI$ 9 ! ASSAULT ON ! ,AT>ANZAS B>RACKS F\R MON?S E>LI]1 & AN E>LI] AN>*I/ VICTIM ( VICI\S /ATE REPRESSION1 ,FRANCISCO ,F]R] ,GU>DIA4 

,BUT !Y HAD TO KILL ,DURRUTI TWICE4 ,ON ! ANNIV]S>Y ( HIS DEA? ! 'SP9 DOCTORS' ( ! ,/AL9I/ ,NEGR9 GOV]NM5T W5T 9TO OV]-DRIVE TO CR$IT ,DURRUTI ) ! CO9+ ( A PHRASE -- ORIG9ALLY DEVIS$ BY ,ILYA ,EHR5BURG1 9 A DOCTOR$ 9T]VIEW ) ,DURRUTI & LAT] BACK$ BY ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I'S HI<] COMMITTEES4 ,IT DEPICT$ HIM AS SAY+ ! EXACT OPPOSITE ( EV]Y?+ HE HAD ALWAYS SAID & ?\<T1 =SWE>+ ! REVOLUTION3 0,WE R5\NCE EV]Y?+ EXCEPT VICTORY40 

,UN=TUNATELY1 NO COMPLETE & RELIABLE TRANSCRIPT EXI/S ( ,DURRUTI'S #d ,NOVEMB] SPEE*1 BECAUSE ! AN>*I/ PRESS AT ! TIME BO? SWEET5$ & C5SOR$ ! LIV+ ,DURRUTI4 

,ONCE DEAD1 ,DURRUTI C\LD BE DEIFI$4 ,HE WAS EV5 PROMOT$1 PO/HUM\SLY1 TO ! RANK ( ,LIEUT5ANT ,COLONEL 9 ! ,POPUL> ,>MY4 

,COMM& ( ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN PASS$ TO ,S]GEANT ,MANZANA & ,MIGUEL ,YOLDE1 BO? ( :OM W]E SOON TO PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE 9 IMPOS+ MILIT>IZATION ON ! COLUMN4 

,N,O,T,E,S 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #f -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #a#f1 #bbb 3 ,*APT] #f -- ,UPDAT$4 

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