,*APT] #bd 
,/ATEM5T BY ,VIVALDO ,FAGUNDES 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,/U>T ,*RI/IE 

,TEXT 3 

,/ATEM5T BY ,VIVALDO ,FAGUNDES 

  

,! MILITIANS' DI/RU/ ( ! MOTIVES = IMPOS+ MILIT>IZATION WAS NOT UNF\ND$4 ,VIVALDO ,FAGUNDES1 A ,PORTUGUESE AN>*I/ :O P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION HAS ?IS TO SAY3  
  

0,I HAVE AN EXTRACT FROM A LETT] ( ,9DALECIO ,PRIETO1 A M9I/]1 TO ,F]N&O DE LOS ,RIOS1 !N AMBASSADOR 9 ,WA%+TON1 9 :I* ,PRIETO GIVES AN ACC\NT ( ! WORK HE WAS DO+ TO F9I% AN>*ISM (F4 ,HE TOLD HIM ?AT ALREADY HE HAD MANAG$ TO W9 OV] ITS F9E/ MILITANTS BY 9T]E/+ !M 9 GOV]NM5TAL POLITICS & ?AT ! MO/ /UBBORN ONES1 0! UNCONTROLLABLES01 W\LD BE ANNIHILAT$ BY MILIT>IZATION -- AN ANTI-REVOLUTION>Y PLOY CLE>LY ANTI-LIB]T>IAN 9 ITS OBJECTIVES -- BY MEANS ( !IR BE+ DISPAT*$ TO ! FRONTS :]E !Y W\LD BE LIQUIDAT$1 BY 9CORPORATION 9TO %OCK BRIGADES OR BATTALIONS4 ,HE CLOS$ ! LETT] BY /AT+ ) CYNICAL FRANKNESS ?AT ?OSE ( !M :O ESCAPE ! BULLETS ( HIS ?UGS & ! COMMUNI/S W\LD NOT ESCAPE ! FASCI/S' BULLETS40 

,?IS DOCUM5T WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ,BU5OS ,AIRES 9 ! J\RNAL ( ! ,LA ,BATALLA GR\P444' 

,9T]VIEW ) ,VIVALDO ,FAGUNDES PUBLI%$ 9 ,$G> ,RODRIGUES ,A RESI/5CIA AN>CO S9DICALI/A A DITADURA4 ,PORTUGAL #aibb -- #a#i#c#i4  
  

,PROTE/ BE=E ! LIB]T>IANS1 ( PRES5T & FUTURE REG>D+ ! CAPITULATIONS ( #aicg BY AN 'UNCONTROLLABLE' FROM ! ,IRON ,COLUMN 

  
  

0 444 ,I HAVE BE5 9 A B>RACKS & !RE ,I LE>N$ TO HATE4 ,I HAVE BE5 9 A PRISON & !RE1 AMID ! TE>S & ! SUFF]+1 ,I HAVE1 CURI\SLY1 LE>N$ TO LOVE & TO LOVE 9T5SELY4 

,9 B>RACKS ,I HAVE BE5 ON ! V]GE ( LOS+ MY P]SONALITY1 SU* WAS ! RIGOR TO :I* ,I WAS SUBJECT1 S9CE !Y WANT$ TO IMPOSE A /UPID DISCIPL9E ON ME4 ,9 JAIL1 ?R\< A V>IETY ( /RUGGLES1 ,I R$ISCOV]$ MY P]SONALITY1 :I* TURN$ MORE & MORE 9SUBORD9ATE ) EV]Y IMPOSITION4 ,!RE ,I LE>N$ TO DESPISE ALL HI]>*S1 FROM ! L[E/ TO ! HI<E/3 9 PRISON1 AMID ! MO/ DI/RESS+ PA91 ,I LE>N$ TO LOVE ! WRET*$1 MY BRO!RS1 PRES]V+ PURE & UNTA9T$ MY HATR$ = ! HI]>*S1 A HATR$ SPAWN$ 9 ! B>RACKS4 ,JAILS & B>RACKS >E ONE & ! SAME3 DESPOTISM & FREE PLAY = ! MALICE ( SOME & SUFF]+ = ALL 444 

,:5EV] ,I HE>D UP !RE 9 ! M\NTA9S ?AT ! ORD] = MILIT>IZATION WAS 9 ! AIR1 ,I FELT MY :OLE BE+ COLLAPSE = A MOM5T1 BECAUSE ,I SAW CLE>LY ?AT ! W>RIOR D>+ ( ! REVOLUTION 9 ME W\LD P]I%1 ONLY TO LEAVE ME TO SURVIVE AS A BE+ B]EFT ( ANY P]SONALITY 9 B>RACK OR PRISON CONF9ES & TO LAPSE ANEW 9TO ! *ASM ( OB$I5CE1 9TO ! ANIMAL SOMNAMBULISM TO :I* ! DISCIPL9E ( B>RACK OR PRISON -- = !Y >E ONE -- LEAD 444 ,!Y HAVE NOT UND]/OOD US1 & BE+ UNABLE TO UND]/& HAVE NOT LOV$ US4 ,WE HAVE F\<T -- NO NE$ = FALSE MODE/Y N[1 = IT IS FUTILE -- WE HAVE F\<T1 ,I SAY AGA91 LIKE FEW O!RS HAVE F\<T 444 

,NOT = US HAS !RE EV] BE5 ANY LEAVE1 NOR & ?IS IS WORSE /ILL1 A K9D WORD4 ,EV]YONE1 FASCI/ & ANTIFASCI/ & EV5 \R [N PEOPLE -- :AT %AME WE HAVE EXP]I5C$6 -- HAVE TREAT$ US ) HO/ILITY4 

,!Y HAVE NOT UND]/OOD US4 ,OR -- & ?IS IS ! GREAT] TRAG$Y AMID ! TRAG$Y 9 :I* WE LIVE -- MAYBE WE HAVE NOT MADE \RSELVES UND]/OOD4 ,BECAUSE WE1 HAV+ HAD HEAP$ UPON \R BACKS ALL ( ! CONTEMPT & H>% WORDS ( ?OSE :O1 9 LIFE1 W]E ON ! SIDE ( ! HI]>*S1 HAVE S\<T TO LIVE A LIB]T>IAN LIFE/YLE EV5 9 ! MID/ ( W>1 :ILE O!RS1 TO !IR & \R %AME1 HAVE CONT9U$ TO LAT* ON TO ! *>IOT ( /ATE444 

,HI/ORY1 :I* EMBRACES ALL ( ! GOOD & ALL ( ! EVIL :I* M5 DO1 %ALL SPEAK SOME DAY4 

,& HI/ORY WILL SAY ?AT ! ,IRON ,COLUMN WAS1 P]HAPS1 ! ONLY COLUMN 9 ,SPA9 TO HAVE A CLE> P]CEPTION ( :AT \R REVOLUTION %\LD HAVE BE54 ,IT WILL SAY1 TOO1 ?AT IT WAS ! ,COLUMN :I* PUT UP ! BE/ FI<T AGA9/ MILIT>IZATION4 ,& RECORD1 FUR!RMORE1 ?AT ON ACC\NT ( ?IS RESI/ANCE1 !RE W]E TIMES :5 IT WAS AB&ON$ UTT]LY TO ITS FATE ON ! BATTLEFRONT1 AS IF #f1 BATTLE H>D5$ M51 READY TO TRIUMPH OR P]I%1 %\LD HAVE SURR5D]$ !MSELVES TO ! 5EMY TO BE DEV\R$ BY HIM444 

,\R RESI/ANCE TO MILIT>IZATION WAS BAS$ ON :AT WE KNEW ( ! MILIT>Y4 ,\R PRES5T RESI/ANCE ON :AT WE PRES5TLY KN[ ( ! MILIT>Y4 

,H]E & ALWAYS1 ! PR(ESSIONAL MILIT>Y HAVE CON/ITUT$1 AS !Y DO 9 ,RUSSIA1 A CA/E AP>T4 ,IT IS !Y :O COMM&3 ! OBLIGATION TO OBEY %\LD ALONE BE RES]V$ = ! RE/ ( US4 ,) ALL ( HIS MI<T ! PR(ESSIONAL MILIT>Y MAN DESPISES EV]Y?+ :I* ! PROLET>IAT IS1 HOLD+ IT TO BE 9F]IOR444 

,! PROLET>IAN >MY DOES NOT DEM& DISCIPL9E ?AT1 9 ESS5CE1 MI<T BE SUMM$ UP AS ADH]5CE TO CAMPAIGN ORD]S2 IT DEM&S SUBMISSION1 BL9D OB$I5CE & ! ANNIHILATION ( ! HUMAN P]SONALITY444 

,! DELEGATE ( \R GR\P OR C5TURIA1 WAS NOT FOI/$ UPON US1 BUT ELECT$ BY US & FELT HIMSELF TO BE NOT A LIEUT5ANT1 NOR A CAPTA91 BUT \R COMRADE4 ,! DELEGATES ( ! ,COLUMN'S ,COMMITTEES HAVE NOT BE5 COLONELS NOR G5]ALS1 BUT COMRADES4 ,WE ATE TOGE!R1 CAMPAIGN$ TOGE!R1 LAU<$ & SWORE TOGE!R4 ,= A TIME WE HAD RECEIV$ NO PAY2 NOR HAD !Y4 ,!N WE RECEIV$ T5 PESETAS & !Y RECEIV$1 & /ILL RECEIVE1 T5 PESETAS4 

,! ONLY ?+ :I* WE ACCEPT IS !IR PROV5 COMPET5CE2 = ?AT WE ELECT !M3 & ALSO1 BY VIRTUE ( !IR PROV5 C\RAGE1 WE *OSE !M AS \R DELEGATES4 ,!Y >E NOT HI]>*S1 !RE IS NO SUP]IORITY ( RANK1 & NO H>% ORD]S2 !RE IS SYMPA?Y1 GOODNESS1 COMRADE%IP2 A JOYFUL EXI/5CE 9 ! MID/ ( W>'S DISA/]S4 ,& SO1 ) \R COMRADES AT \R SIDES1 & IMAG9+ ?AT !RE WAS SOME PURPOSE TO \R /RUGGLE1 WE W5T WILL+LY TO W> & EV5 ACCEPT$ DEA? ) PLEASURE4 ,BUT :5 Y\ >E AMONG ! MILIT>Y :]E !RE >E ONLY ORD]S & RANKS2 Y\ SEE 9 Y\R H&S ! MIS]ABLE PAY ) :I* Y\ CAN SC>CELY SU/A9 Y\R FAMILY 9 ! RE> & Y\ SEE Y\R LIEUT5ANT1 CAPTA91 COLONEL E>N+ ?REE TIMES AS MU*3 F\R TIMES AS MU*1 T5 TIMES AS MU* AS Y\1 ?\< POSSESS$ ( NEI!R 5?USIASM1 NOR ( GREAT] ACUM5 OR GREAT] C\RAGE ?AN Y\1 LIFE TURNS S\R BECAUSE Y\ SEE ?AT ?IS IS NO REVOLUTION1 BUT PR(IT = A FEW FROM A WRET*$ SITUATION :I* M]ELY WORKS TO ! DETRIM5T ( ! PEOPLE444 

,WE BELIEV$ WE W]E FI<T+ TO R$EEM & SAVE \RSELVES & N[ WE >E LAPS+ 9TO ! V]Y ?+ WE >E FI<T+ AGA9/3 9TO DESPOTISM1 CA/EOCRACY1 9TO MORE BRUTAL1 MORE ALI5AT+ AU?ORITY444 

,! MILIT>I/S1 ALL MILIT>I/S -- !RE >E WRA?FUL ONES ON \R SIDE -- HAVE SURR\ND$ US4 ,YE/]DAY WE W]E ! MA/]S ( EV]Y?+4 ,TODAY1 !Y >E4 ,! ,POPUL> ,>MY1 POPUL> ONLY 9ASMU* AS IT CONSI/S ( PEOPLE1 BELONGS TO ! GOV]NM5T & ! GOV]NM5T COMM&S1 ! GOV]NM5T ORDA9S4 ,! PEOPLE HAVE LEAVE TO OBEY & CON/ANT OB$I5CE IS REQUIR$ ( !M4 

,CAU<T 9 ! SN>ES ( ! MILIT>I/S1 WE HAVE TWO OPTIONS2 ! FIR/ LEADS TO DISSOCIATION FROM ?OSE :O HI!RTO HAVE BE5 \R COMRADES 9 >MS1 BY DISB&+ ! ,IRON ,COLUMN2 ! SECOND LEADS TO MILIT>IZATION444 

,! COLUMN1 ?IS ,IRON ,COLUMN :I* HAS SET ! B\RGEOISIE & ! FASCI/S BETWE5 ,VAL5CIA & ,T]UEL %AK+ 9 !IR BOOTS1 %\LD NOT DISB& BUT PRESS RI<T ON TO ! 5D444 

,HAV+ TO ACCEPT ORD]S FROM ?OSE :OM WE HAVE NOT ELECT$ WILL BE ! LESS] EVIL1 BUT A GREAT EVIL NONE!LESS4 ,BUT444 

,%\LD WE REMA9 TOGE!R1 ! SAME 9DIVIDUALS AS N[1 IT %\LD BE ALL ONE TO US :E!R WE =M A ,COLUMN OR A ,BATTALION4 ,9 ! FRAY WE WILL NOT NE$ ANYONE TO 5C\RAGE US1 & DUR+ \R TIME ( REPOSE1 NO ONE WILL PREV5T US FROM RE/+1 BECAUSE WE WILL NOT P]MIT HIM4 

,CORPORAL1 S]GEANT1 CAPTA9444 EI!R !Y WILL BE \R [N PEOPLE1 9 :I* CASE WE WILL ALL BE COMRADES1 OR !Y WILL BE 5EMIES 9 :I* CASE !Y WILL HAVE TO BE TREAT$ AS 5EMIES444 

,\R FUTURE DEP5DS ON \RSELVES1 DEP5DS UPON ! COHESION BETWE5 US4 ,NOBODY IS GO+ TO =CE US TO DANCE TO HIS TUNE2 WE %ALL IMPOSE \R TUNE UPON ?OSE :O MAY BE >\ND US1 SO ?AT WE MAY KEEP \R P]SONALITY ALIVE4 

,LET US TAKE ONE ?+ 9TO CONSID]ATION1 COMRADES4 ,! /RUGGLE DEM&S ?AT WE DO NOT D5Y ! W> EI!R \R P>TICIPATION OR \R 5?USIASM4 ,9 A COLUMN ( \R [N1 OR 9 A BATTALION ( \R [N1 OR 9 A DIVISION OR BATTALION NOT ( \R [N1 FI<T WE MU/4 

,IF WE DISB& ! ,COLUMN1 IF WE DIS9TEGRATE1 !N1 AS CONSCRIPT SOLDI]S WE %ALL HAVE TO GO1 NOT ) :OM WE MAY *OOSE BUT ) :OM WE >E ORD]$ TO GO4 ,& S9CE WE >E NOT1 NOR DO WE WI% TO BE DOME/IC ANIMALS1 ! LIKELIHOOD IS ?AT WE %ALL F9D \RSELVES ALONGSIDE PEOPLE :OM WE %\LD NOT WI% TO BE ALONGSIDE2 ) ! ONES :O >E1 = GOOD OR ILL1 \R ALLIES4 

,! ,REVOLUTION1 \R ,REVOLUTION1 ! PROLET>IAN AN>*I/ ,REVOLUTION1 TO :I*1 FROM ! E>LIE/ DAYS WE GAVE PAGES ( GLORY1 CALLS UPON US NOT TO AB&ON \R WEAPONS1 NOR TO AB&ON ?AT COMPACT GR\P :I* WE HAVE ?US F> CON/ITUT$1 :E!R IT GO UND] ! NAME ( ,COLUMN1 ,DIVISION OR ,BATTALION4'  
  

,TAK5 FROM ,PROTE/A DAVANTI AI LIB]T>I DEL PRES5TE E DEL FUTURO DI UN 89CONTROLADO8 DELLA ,COLONNA DI ,F]RO8SULLE CAPITULAZIONI DEL #a#i#c#g1 ,TUR91 #a#i#h#a4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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