,*APT] #a 
,M>* #aicg 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,/U>T ,*RI/IE 

,TEXT 3 

,M>* #aicg 

  

,BY ! BEG9N+ ( ,M>* ! /ATE APP>ATUS WAS READY1 ALMO/ FULLY RECOV]$ FROM ! D\BLE BL[ IT HAD RECEIV$ ! PREVI\S ,JULY FROM ! REACTION>Y MILIT>Y & ! REVOLUTION>Y 9DU/RIAL & AGR>IAN WORK+ CLASS4 ,) A ,CAB9ET1 9CLUD+ ! AN>*I/ M9I/]S1 FULLY COMMITT$ TO IMPLEM5T+ MILIT>IZATION1 ,L>GO ,CABALL]O ANN\NC$ ?AT FROM #a ,APRIL ALL =CES ON ! ,T]UEL FRONT W\LD COME UND] ! CONTROL ( ! ,M9I/RY ( ,W>4 ,JOSE ,B5$ITO1 COMM&] ( ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ ,TORRES ,B5$ITO ,COLUMN WAS ASSIGN$ TO ! ,ORGANIZATIONAL ,BUREAU ( ! ,G5]AL ,/AFF ) SPECIAL RESPONSIBILITY = RE-ORGANIZ+ ! MILITIA COLUMNS4 ,AT ! SAME TIME ! ,IRON ,COLUMN1 ! MO/ REFRACTORY ( ! MILITIA COLUMNS1 WAS 9=M$ ?AT ! DECREE ( #c ,DECEMB] :I* PROVID$ = S]VICEM5'S PAY BE+ MADE H5CE=? BY BATTALION PAYMA/]-(FIC]S1 ANSW]ABLE TO ! ,TREASURY W\LD N[ BE 5=C$4 

,AT A G5]AL ASSEMBLY ( ! ,IRON ,COLUMN1 ! MILITIANS REFUS$ TO SUBMIT TO MILIT>Y RE-ORGANIZATION & TO ! NEW ADM9I/RATIVE REGULATIONS4 ,MANY DECID$ TO QUIT ! FRONT 9 PROTE/4 ,TO AVOID PROVID+ ! ,W> ,M9I/RY ) ! PRETEXT TO CONSCRIPT ! ,COLUMN'S MEMB]S1 ! ,W> ,COMMITTEE ISSU$ ! FOLL[+ NOTE3  
  

0,! ,IRON ,COLUMN HAS NOT DISB&$1 NOR IS IT CONTEMPLAT+ DISB&M5T4 ,NOR HAS IT MILIT>IZ$444 IT HAS REQUE/$ ?AT IT BE TEMPOR>ILY RELIEV$ SO ?AT IT MAY SNAT* A LITTLE RE/ & REORGANIZE40  
  

,BY MID-,M>* ! ,COLUMN HAD L>GELY BE5 DISB&$ ON ACC\NT ( ! DES]TIONS BY MANY ( ITS MILITIANS4 ,AFT] AN ASSEMBLY HELD 9 ,VAL5CIA ON #bb ,M>* MILIT>IZATION WAS ACCEPT$ AS A LESS] EVIL & ! REMA9D] ( ! ,IRON ,COLUMN1 #d1 M5 \T ( A TOTAL ( #b11 BECAME KN[N AS ! #h#cRD ,MIX$ ,BRIGADE COMM&$ BY ,JOSE ,PELLIC]1 ) ,SEG>RA AS POLITICAL COMMISS>4 ,BE=E DISB&+ ! ,COLUMN'S ASSETS W]E %>$ \T AMONG RATIONALI/ S*OOLS1 ! ,C,N,T FIELD HOSPITAL1 ! AN>*I/ 9T]NATIONAL PRISON]S' AID GR\P & AN>*I/ PUBLI%+ V5TURES & LIBR>IES4 

,9 ,CATALONIA ! /ATI/ POLITICIANS & FUNCTION>IES W]E ALSO MAK+ ! F9AL PREP>ATIONS = DELIV]+ ! DEA?BL[ TO ! REVOLUTION4 ,ON #d ,M>*1 ,>TEMIO ,AIGUADE1 ! COMMUNI/ ,C\NCILOR = ,9T]NAL ,SECURITY1 ANN\NC$ ! DISSOLUTION ( ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS1 ! >M$ REPRES5TATIVES ( ! WORK]S' ORGANIZATIONS1 ! ,9T]NAL ,SECURITY ,C\NCIL1 COMPOS$ ( REPRES5TATIVES ( EV]Y %ADE ( OP9ION1 & ! ,WORK]S' & ,SOLDI]S' ,C\NCILS4.<#i.> ,9 ADDITION1 MEMB]S ( UNION OR POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS W]E PROHIBIT$ FROM BELONG+ TO ! =CES ( PUBLIC ORD]4 ,ANY 9FR+EM5T ( ?IS BAN WAS TO BE PUNI%$ BY DISMISSAL FROM ! SECURITY CORPS4 ,?IS PROVOK$ AN IMM$IATE GOV]NM5T CRISIS :I* WAS TO LA/ ALMO/ A MON?4 ,?AT SAME DAY1 ,LA ,BATALLA1 PAP] ( ! ,P,\,M1 REPR9T$ EXTRACTS1 ) 5?USIA/IC COMM5TS BY ,&RES ,N91 FROM AN >TICLE ?AT HAD APPE>$ 9 ! ,C,N,T EV5+ PAP] ,LA ,NO*E4 ,! AU?OR WAS ! PAP]'S $ITOR1 ,C,N,T MILITANT ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 SOON TO BE ONE ( ! F\ND]S ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI GR\P3  
  

',WE AN>*I/S HAVE >RIV$ AT ! LIMITS ( \R CONCESSIONS444,NOT ANO!R /EP BACKW>D4 ,IT IS ! H\R ( ACTION4 ,SAVE ! REVOLUTION444 ,IF WE CONT9UE TO GIVE UP \R POSITIONS !RE IS NO D\BT ?AT 9 A %ORT TIME WE %ALL BE OV]:ELM$ & ! REVOLUTION WILL SIMPLY BE ANO!R S\V5IR4 ,IT IS = ?IS FUNDAM5TAL REASON ?AT IT IS NECESS>Y TO DEVELOP A NEW ORI5TATION 9 \R MOVEM5T4'  
  

,BALIUS ADD$1 PROBABLY 9 REF]5CE TO ! ,P,\,M1 ?AT HE WAS PLEAS$ TO SEE ?AT3  
  

',\R ANXIETY IS N[ %>$ BY ! EV5+ PAP] ( AN ORGANIZATION ) :I* WE >E 9 FUNDAM5TAL AGREEM5T CONC]N+ ! PRES5T REVOLUTION>Y EPO* & ! ROLE ( ! WORK+ CLASS4'  
  

,NEXT DAY1 #e ,M>*1 SOLDI]S PRES5T+ :AT TURN$ \T TO BE =G$ DOCUM5TATION REMOV$ TWELVE ( ! MO/ MOD]N >MOR$ C>S 9 ,CATALONIA FROM A MILIT>Y /ORE4 ,! MAN RESPONSIBLE = ! !FT PROV$ TO BE ! LIEUT5ANT COLONEL ( ! ,P,S,U,C-CONTROLL$ ,VOROS*IL(F B>RACKS4 ,:5 *ALL5G$ ! (FIC] AT FIR/ D5I$ ALL KN[L$GE ( ! TANKS BUT !Y W]E QUICKLY DISCOV]$4 ,HE !N CLAIM$ ?AT HE HAD M]ELY BE5 C>RY+ \T ORD]S RECEIV$ FROM ! G5]AL /AFF ( ! ,K>L ,M>X ,DIVISION4 

,MANUEL ,TRUEBA1 ! ,W> ,COMMISS> ( ! ,K>L ,M>X ,DIVISION1 QUICKLY D5I$ ?IS ALLEGATION4 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A ( #g ,M>* COMM5T$3  
  

'444 ,IF !SE TANKS W]E NOT TAK5 = USE ON ! FRONT1 !N TO :AT 5D WAS SU* A BRILLIANT OP]ATION M\NT$8 ,9 ?IS WE DISC]N ! \TL9ES ( A DICTATORIAL AFFRONT AGA9/ :I* EV]YBODY KN[S ?AT WE W\LD IMM$IATELY PROTE/4 ,9 ?IS 9/ANCE1 AS 9 EV]Y ONE1 WE CANNOT BUT ISSUE A REM9D] ( ! CON/ANT P]IL4 ,%\LD ! UNHEAL?Y P>TISAN ZEAL 9 SOMEONE \TWEI< ! 9/9CT ( SELF-PRES]VATION1 WE HAVE TO /ATE YET AGA9 \R FIRM & UN%AKABLE DET]M9ATION TO DEFEAT FASCISM ABOVE ALL ELSE4 ,& TO DEFEAT IT AS P>T ( A SPE>HEAD ( CLOSE UNITY ) WORK]S ( EV]Y POLITICAL & TRADE UNION D5OM9ATION444'  
  

,M>* #e ALSO SAW ! =MATION ( :AT WAS TO BE ONE ( ! MO/ CONTROV]SIAL AN>*I/ GR\PS ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION -- ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI 7,F,O,D74 ,D$ICAT$ TO ! DEF5SE ( FUNDAM5TAL AN>*I/ PR9CIPLES1 ! REVOLUTION1 & TO *ALL5G+ ! BUREAUCRATIC CONS]VATISM ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I LEAD]%IP1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E NOT JU/ ANO!R CLUB3  
  

',WE AIM TO SEE ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION P]VAD$ BY ! REVOLUTION>Y ACUM5 ( \R ,DURRUTI4 ,! ,F,O,D REMA9 FAI?FUL TO ! LA/ WORDS UTT]$ BY \R COMRADE 9 ! HE>T ( ,B>CELONA 9 D5UNCIATION ( ! WORK ( ! C\NT]-REVOLUTION 444,TO 5ROLL 9 \R ASSOCIATION1 IT IS VITAL ?AT ONE BELONG TO ! ,C,N,T & %[ EVID5CE ( A RECORD ( /RUGGLE1 A LOVE ( IDEAS & ! REVOLUTION444'.<#i#a.>  
  

,! GR\P MADE ITS (FICIAL DEBUT ON #h ,M>* :5 ! SAME COMMUNIQUE APPE>$ 9 ISSUE #gg ( ,EL ,FR5TE1 ! (FICIAL PAP] ( ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN4 

,! NUCLEUS ( ! GR\P1 :OSE MEMB]%IP QUICKLY GREW TO BETWE5 F\R & FIVE ?\S&1.<#i#b.> W]E MILITANTS FROM ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN BAS$ 9 ! ,GELSA SECTOR1 AN>*I/S :O HAD CONSI/5TLY /OOD \T AGA9/ MILIT>IZATION & ! /RATEGY ( ! HI<] COMMITTEES4 ,!IR 9TRANSIG5CE HAD L$ TO !M BE+ W>N$ ON A NUMB] ( OCCASIONS BY ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEES TO *ANGE !IR ATTITUDE & CON=M TO ! DECISIONS ( ! ,ORGANIZATION4 

,!SE W>N+S W]E IGNOR$4 ,S]GEANT ,MANZANA1 ! MAN RUMOR$ TO BE RESPONSIBLE = ,DURRUTI'S DEA?1 ACCID5TAL OR O!RWISE1 9=M$ !M ?AT BY HOLD+ \T AGA9/ MILIT>IZATION !Y MI<T PROVOKE BLOOD%$ AMONG COMRADES3  
  

',AFT] LONG DELIB]ATION IT WAS DECID$ ?AT )9 #ae DAYS ( ! MEET+1 !Y W\LD LEAVE ! FRONT1 H&+ OV] !IR WEAPONS TO O!R COMRADES :O W\LD >RIVE TO REPLACE !M4'.<#i#c.>  
  

,PRACTICALLY1 AS WELL AS 9 !ORY1 ! GR\P PROPOS$ A RETURN TO ! IDEALS ( SELF-MANAGEM5T & REVOLUTION>Y W> ?AT HAD EXI/$ AMONG ! RANK-&-FILE IMM$IATELY AFT] ! MILIT>Y UPRIS+4 ,9 AN 9T]VIEW 9 ,LA ,NO*E ON #bd ,M>*1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 DESCRIB$ AS3  
  

8 444 A DELEGATE FROM ! #d? ,GELSA ,GR\P1 COMPOS$ ( SOME #f ,C,N,T-,F,A,I MILITANTS' \TL9$ ! FACTORS :I* GAVE BIR? TO ! ,F,O,D GR\P3 ',:5 WE SET \T = ! FRONT WE LEFT COMRADES 9 ! RE> 9 POSSESSION ( :AT WAS1 FROM AN AN>*I/ PO9T ( VIEW1 A ,REVOLUTION M>*+ VICTORI\SLY ONW>DS4 ,BUT 9 ! %AP+ ( ?AT REVOLUTION1 !Y HAVE ALL[$ A P>T TO BE PLAY$ BY POLITICAL P>TIES :O HAD NO FEEL+ = ! REVOLUTION HAV+1 AS !Y DID1 TO DEF5D ! 9T]E/S ( ! PETITE B\RGEOISIE & ! ,U,G,T :I*1 BY COMP>ISON ) US1 REPRES5T$ ONLY A T9Y P]C5TAGE ( WORK]S 9 ,CATALONIA & HAD DAMN LITTLE 9FLU5CE ON ! ECONOMIC & ADM9I/RATIVE LIFE ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,& IT IS N[ CLE> ?AT 9 REA*+ AN ACCOMMODATION ) !M WE LO/ \R HEGEMONY 9 ! ,REVOLUTION & HAVE F\ND IT NECESS>Y TO SURR5D] A LITTLE MORE EA* DAY ) ! RESULT ?AT ! REVOLUTION HAS BE5 DISFIGUR$ & ! REVOLUTION>Y GA9S MADE 9 ?OSE E>LY DAYS HAVE EVAPORAT$4'  
  

',?IS L$ TO ! =MATION ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 9S(> AS ?IS NEW ORGANIZATION HAS AS ITS FUNDAM5TAL TASK ! PRES]VATION1 9TACT1 ( ! PR9CIPLES ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I1 H>K+ BACK TO #ai ,JULY1 ) A VIEW TO 5SUR+ ?AT IT IS ! UNION ORGANIZATION :I* HAS RESPONSIBILITY = ! MANAGEM5T ( ! ECONOMY & SOCIETY1 ) NO PLACE GIV5 TO ! POLITICAL P>TIES1 ! GR\NDS = ?AT BE+ ?AT !Y >E NOT REG>D$ AS EQUIPP$ = ! WORK ( R5OVATION4 ,& WE SAY ALL ?IS NOT ) ! 9T5TION ( US+ =CE TO 5=CE \R PLANS1 BUT RA!R AS GR\NDS = PROPAG&A )9 ! ,C,N,T ITSELF1 BREA?+ NEW LIFE 9TO ITS CREATIVE1 ORGANIZ+ SPIRIT :I* WE CANNOT /& IDLY BY & WAT* DIE4' 

',& ,I OPPOSE P>TICIPATION BY ! P>TIES BECAUSE IT IS MY BELIEF ?AT ?IS IMPLIES ! LOSS ( ! REVOLUTION :I* MU/ BE PURSU$ BY ALL ! MEANS AT \R DISPOSAL1 BUT NEV] BY MEANS ( ACCOMMODATIONS ) GR\PS :I* >E1 LET ALONE 9 A M9ORITY1 DEAF TO ! CALL ( REVOLUTION4'8 

,B5JAM9 ,PE]T1 ! SURREALI/ WRIT] & VOLUNTE] FI<T]1 WROTE HIS LA/ LETT] TO ,&RE ,BRETON FROM ,SPA9 ON #g ,M>*4 ,HE WAS ) ! ,FIR/ ,COMPANY ( ! ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO ,BATTALION1 ,DURRUTI ,DIVISION AT ,P9O DE ,EBRO ON ! ,>AGON FRONT3  
  

',EXCEPT = A PO/C>D ,I HAV5'T WRITT5 BECAUSE ( ! LACK ( ANY 9T]E/+ NEWS4 ,FROM ! FIR/ DAY ( MY RETURN IT WAS OBVI\S ?AT ANY COLLABORATION ) ! ,P,\,M WAS NO LONG] POSSIBLE4 ,!Y W]E READY TO ACCEPT PEOPLE ON !IR RI<T1 BUT NOT ON !IR LEFT4 

',BESIDES1 NO?+ C\LD BE DONE ANYWAY ?ANKS TO ! ULTRA-RAPID BUREAUCRATIZATION ( ALL ! ORGANIZATIONS & ! SC&AL\S ACTIVITIES ?AT HAVE DEVELOP$4 ,O!RWISE1 UND] ! PRESSURE ( ! ,/AL9I/S ! REVOLUTION IS FOLL[+ A DESC5D+ CURVE1 :I* IF IT IS NOT RAPIDLY HALT$ WILL LEAD V]Y QUICKLY TO A VIOL5T C\NT]-REVOLUTION4 ,9 SU* CONDITIONS ,I DECID$ TO JO9 AN AN>*I/ MILITIA UNIT & ,I AM H]E AT ! FRONT -- ,P9A DE ,EBRO -- :]E ,I WILL /AY AS LONG AS SOME?+ MORE 9T]E/+ DOESN'T TAKE ME SOME:]E ELSE4 

',! SECTOR -- :I* ,I DIDN'T *OOSE -- IS P]FECTLY CALM2 WE >E SEP>AT$ FROM ! FASCI/S BY ! :OLE WID? ( ! ,EBRO1 ?AT IS TO SAY A GOOD KILOMET] ( WAT]4 ,NOT A CANNON %OT1 NOT A RIFLE BULLET1 NO?+4 ,IT'S TOO CALM TO LA/4 ,I W\LD LIKE TO REC\NT ALL ! SW9I% ACTS BY ! ,/AL9I/S :O OP5LY SABOTAGE ! REVOLUTION ) ! EVID5TLY 5?USIA/IC APPROVAL ( PETIT B\RGEOIS ( ALL %ADES4 ,!RE >E MANY ?+S1 MANY SIGNS DI/URB+ TO ! GREATE/ DEGREE & :I* ,I CANNOT WRITE AB\T N[444 '.<#i#d.>  

,CRISIS ( ,G5]ALIDAD ,PROVOK$ 

  

,ON #c ,M>* #a#i#c#g1 ! ,C,N,T'S ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE ISSU$ A CIRCUL> TO SOLDI]S1 F$]ATIONS & UNIONS1 RECOMM5D+ ?AT !Y REMA9 VIGILANT & KEEP CON/ANTLY 9 T\*4 ,! ,P,\,M'S ,5GLI% LANGUAGE PAP]1 ,! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION1 $IT$ BY ! ,AM]ICAN ,*>LES ,ORR1 OBS]V$ ?AT ?IS CIRCUL> ALSO 9DICAT$ AN ATTEMPT ON ! P>T ( ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP TO C5TRALIZE AU?ORITY 9 ITS REGIONAL COMMITTEES4 ,! COMMITTEES W]E EMP[]$ TO DECREE MOBILIZATIONS1 ISSUE ORD]S & WAT*WORDS3  
  

',ALL :O DO NOT ACT ACCORD+LY TO !SE RULES & AGREEM5TS WILL BE PUBLICLY EXPELL$ FROM ! ORGANIZATION4 '.<#i#e.>  

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #a -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #a#f1 #bbb 3 ,*APT] #a -- ,UPDAT$4 

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