,BEYOND ,:I/LEBL[+ 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,CITIZ5F\R IS JU/ ! LATE/ EXPRESSION ( PUBLIC FASC9ATION ) ! FIGURE ( ! :I/LEBL[]4 ,JESSELYN ,RADACK1 ,?OMAS ,DRAKE1 ,*ELSEA ,MANN+1 ,$W>D ,SN[D5--! :I/LEBL[] DEFECTS FROM )9 ! HALLS ( P[] TO 9=M US AB\T H[ P[] IS BE+ MISUS$1 DELIV]+ =BIDD5 9=MATION TO ! PEOPLE LIKE ! HOLY FIRE ( ,PROME!US4 

,BUT CAN ! :I/LEBL[] SAVE US8 ,IS :I/LEBL[+ 5\<8 ,:AT LIMITATIONS >E COD$ 9TO A /RATEGY ( SOCIAL *ANGE BAS$ >\ND :I/LEBL[+1 & :AT W\LD IT TAKE TO GO BEYOND !M8 

,C]TA9LY1 :I/LEBL[]S LOOK GOOD COMP>$ TO ! 9/ITUTIONS !Y EXPOSE4 ,FAI? 9 AU?ORITIES ( ALL /RIPES IS AT AN ALL-TIME L[1 & = GOOD REASON4 ,9 A NEWS CLIP 9 ,CITIZ5F\R1 WE SEE ,OBAMA CLAIM TO HAVE ORD]$ AN 9QUIRY 9TO ! ,N,S,A BE=E ,SN[D5'S REVELATIONS SURFAC$1 PETULANTLY IMPLY+ ?AT HE WAS ,SN[D5 BE=E ,SN[D54 ,! ,PRESID5T CALLS CYNICALLY = A 0FACT-BAS$0 DISCUSSION--:5 ! ONLY USEFUL S\RCE ( FACTS HAS BE5 ! ILLEGAL LEAKS ( ! MAN HE IS DECRY+4 ,IT IS DIFFICULT TO IMAG9E A />K] CONTRA/ BETWE5 C\RAGE & CYNICISM4 

,YET IT'S ONE ?+ TO UNMASK TYRANTS--IT'S ANO!R ?+ TO DEPOSE !M4 

0,! GREATE/ FE> ?AT ,I HAVE444 IS ?AT NO?+ WILL *ANGE4 ,PEOPLE WILL SEE 9 ! M$IA ALL ( !SE DISCLOSURES4 ,!Y'LL KN[ ! L5G?S ?AT ! GOV]NM5T IS GO+ TO GRANT !MSELVES P[]S UNILAT]ALLY TO CREATE GREAT] CONTROL OV] ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY & GLOBAL SOCIETY4 ,BUT !Y WON'T BE WILL+ TO TAKE ! RISKS NECESS>Y TO /& UP & FI<T40 -,$W>D ,SN[D5 

,! !ORY ( SOCIAL *ANGE IMPLICIT 9 :I/LEBL[+ IS ?AT IF ! CRIMES ( A GOV]NM5T >E REVEAL$1 POPUL> \TRAGE WILL =CE ! GOV]NM5T TO FIX ITSELF4 0,I BELIEV$ ?AT IF ! ,N,S,A'S UNCON/ITUTIONAL MASS SURVEILLANCE ( ,AM]ICANS WAS KN[N10 ,SN[D5 SAID1 0IT W\LD NOT SURVIVE ! SCRUT9Y ( ! C\RTS1 ! ,CONGRESS1 & ! PEOPLE40 ,YET ,SN[D5'S GREATE/ FE> HAS BE5 REALIZ$3 RE=MS TO RE/RICT ,N,S,A SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMS HAVE BE5 DEFEAT$ BY ! ELECT$ REPRES5TATIVES ,SN[D5 P9N$ HIS HOPES ON4 

,SN[D5 & O!R :I/LEBL[]S HAVE SUCCE$$ 9 DISCR$IT+ GOV]NM5TS1 BUT NOT 9 HALT+ ! EXPANSION ( ! SURVEILLANCE /ATE4 ,!Y HAVE REVEAL$ H[ 9VASIVE & UNACC\NTABLE \R RUL]S >E1 BUT !Y HAVE NOT EQUIPP$ US TO DEF5D \RSELVES4 ,IS IT POSSIBLE ?AT ! SAME FACTORS ?AT POSITION :I/LEBL[]S TO A*IEVE SU* AN IMPACT ALSO H9D] !IR REVELATIONS FROM BE>+ FRUIT8 

,:Y DOES ! :I/LEBL[] MAKE SU* A COMPELL+ PROTAGONI/8 ,ABOVE ALL1 BECAUSE HE IS POSITION$ TO SPEAK FROM )9 ! SY/EM3 HE IS 9VE/$ ) ALL ! LEGITIMACY ( ! 9/ITUTIONS HE EXPOSES4 ,HE DID NOT BEG9 AS A REBEL OR AN \TSID]2 HE BELIEV$ 9 ! SY/EM1 & FELT BETRAY$ :5 HE LE>N$ IT DID NOT ADH]E TO ITS [N REGULATIONS4 ,:I/LEBL[+ IS PREMIS$ ON A DEMOCRATIC DISC\RSE3 IF PEOPLE KN[ 5\<1 !Y CAN 0SPEAK TRU? TO P[]10 & ?IS SPEE* ITSELF WILL SOMEH[ CATALYZE *ANGE4.<#a.> ,( C\RSE1 ?IS PRESUMES A POLITICAL SY/EM BAS$ 9 DIALOGUE4 

,SN[D5'S [N REVELATIONS %[ H[ NAIVE ?IS CONCEPTION IS4 ,! DEP>TM5TS ?AT BUILT ?IS SURVEILLANCE 9FRA/RUCTURE--?AT N[ SEEK TO IMPRISON ,SN[D5 ALONGSIDE ,*ELSEA ,MANN+--HOLD P[] BY VIRTUE ( CO]CIVE =CE1 NOT P]SUASIVE >GUM5TS4 ,M]ELY SPEAK+ TRU? IS 9SUFFICI5T2 WE >E NOT 9 A DIALOGUE1 BUT A P[] /RUGGLE4 

,LIKEWISE1 IT IS A MI/AKE TO TREAT ! BACKROOM MA*9ATIONS ( POLITICIANS & BUREAUCRATS AS TEMPOR>Y MALFUNCTIONS 9 AN O!RWISE TRANSP>5T & EGALIT>IAN ORD]4 ,!SE >E NOT EXCESSES1 BUT BUS9ESS AS USUAL2 !Y >E NOT EXCEPTIONS TO ! RULE1 BUT ESS5TIAL TO RULE ITSELF4 ,S9CE ! HEYDAY ( :I/LEBL[+ 9 ! #a#i#gS--,DANIEL ,ELLSB]G1 ,DEEP ,?ROAT1 ! ,CITIZ5S' ,COMMISSION TO ,9VE/IGATE ! ,F,B,I--9VE/IGATIVE J\RNALI/S HAVE EXPOS$ SC&AL AFT] SC&AL4 ,TREAT+ ALL ( !SE AS ANOMAL\S IMPLIES ?AT ! /ATE ITSELF IS 9H]5TLY LEGITIMATE1 & SIMPLY NE$S RE=M+4 ,BUT IT'S BACKW>DS TO ?9K ?AT CITIZ5S CAN POLICE ! /ATE4 ,! /RONG] ! /ATE1 ! MORE P[] IT WILL BR+ TO BE> AGA9/ ITS CITIZ5S--NOT TO M5TION EV]YONE ELSE4 

,!RE >E O!R DRAWBACKS TO FRAM+ ! :I/LEBL[] AS ! PRIM>Y PROTAGONI/ ( SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,NOT ONLY CAN ?IS IMPLY ?AT ! SY/EM IS FUNDAM5TALLY LEGITIMATE1 IT ALSO PRES5TS ?OSE :O HOLD PRIVILEG$ POSITIONS )9 ! SY/EM AS ! AG5TS ( *ANGE4 ,YET = ! MO/ P>T1 !SE PEOPLE >E ! LEA/ LIKELY TO /EP \T ( L9E2 A ?\S& ME*ANISMS ( SELECTION1 9SULATION1 & 9C5TIVE 5SURE ?AT !Y >E NOT SUSCEPTIBLE TO CRISES ( CONSCI5CE4 ,IT %\LD BE NO WOND] ?AT ,MANN+S & ,SN[D5S >E SO R>E1 RELATIVE TO ! FACELESS ?\S&S :O COLLUDE 9 ! FUNCTION+ ( ! /ATE APP>ATUS4 ,! PROBLEM IS NOT ?AT HUMAN BE+S >E NATURALLY SELFI% OR 9S5SITIVE1 BUT ?AT ! 9FRA/RUCTURE ( P[] PROMOTES SELFI%NESS & 9S5SITIVITY4 

,IT IS A MI/AKE TO /AKE ! FUTURE ( HUMANITY ON ?OSE )9 ! HALLS ( P[]4 ,9/EAD1 WE %\LD BE ASK+ H[ PEOPLE FROM ALL WALKS ( LIFE MI<T WORK TOGE!R TO DISABLE ! 9FRA/RUCTURE ( OPPRESSION4 

,SY/EM ADM9I/RATORS LIKE ,$W>D ,SN[D5 DO 9DE$ WIELD DISPROPORTIONATE 9FLU5CE OV] ! FATE ( \R SPECIES1 BUT SYSADM9S CANNOT CREATE A SOLUTION BY !MSELVES4 ,C5TRALIZ+ A FEW COMPUT] EXP]TS AS ! SUBJECT ( SOCIAL /RUGGLE ONLY OBSCURES ALL ! O!R DEMOGRAPHICS :OSE P>TICIPATION IS ESS5TIAL 9 ANY MOVEM5T = LIB]ATION4 ,?IS OV]SI<T EXPLA9S ! DESPAIR ,JULIAN ,ASSANGE & ,JACOB ,APPELBAUM H9T$ AT 9 !IR #bac TALK AT ! ,*AOS ,COMMUNICATION ,CONGRESS1 :5 !Y DESCRIB$ SYSADM9S AS A CLASS ?AT %\LD ORGANIZE TO DEF5D ITS [N 9T]E/S1 W>N+ ?AT IT W\LD SOON BE TOO LATE TO HALT ! DESC5T 9TO DIGITAL TYRANNY4 ,9 FACT1 PEOPLE \TSIDE ! 9/ITUTIONS ( P[] WILL GO ON FI<T+ AGA9/ 9JU/ICE REG>DLESS ( ! CONSOLIDATION ( P[] ON ! 9T]NET--MANY FRANKLY HAVE NO *OICE4 ,! RAPIDLY 9CREAS+ NUMB]S ( ! M>G9ALIZ$1 UNEMPLOY$1 & OPPRESS$ MU/ FIGURE AT ! C5T] ( ANY /RATEGY = *ANGE ALONGSIDE DEFECTORS FROM ! PROGRAMM+ CA/E4 ,IF PROGRAMM]S CONCEPTUALIZE !IR 9T]E/S AS DI/9CT FROM ! RE/ ( HUMANITY1 & ORGANIZE TO DEF5D ?OSE 9T]E/S RA!R ?AN TO P>TICIPATE 9 A /RUGGLE MU* GREAT] ?AN !MSELVES1 !Y WILL BE DOOM$1 ALONG ) ! RE/ ( ! SPECIES4 ,PROGRAMM]S %\LD NOT ORGANIZE !MSELVES AS A CLASS--!Y %\LD SWIT* SIDES 9 ! CLASS W>4 

,AS ,SN[D5 FE>$1 9 ! ABS5CE ( PROPOSALS = H[ TO FI<T IT1 ! REVELATION ( /ATE SURVEILLANCE ONLY EXAC]BATES ! *ILL+ EFFECT IT IS 9T5D$ TO A*IEVE4 ,! AV]AGE NEWSPAP] READ]1 UPON LE>N+ ?AT ! ,N,S,A IS TRACK+ HIS :OLE LIFE VIA HIS SM>TPHONE & CR$IT C>D1 IS NOT LIKELY TO TAKE TO ! /REET 9 \TRAGE1 BUT TO BECOME MORE GU>D$ & SUBMISSIVE4 ,YET SIL5CE & OB$I5CE WILL NOT PROTECT US3 !Y ONLY EMBOLD5 ?OSE 9 P[] TO T>GET EV] BROAD] CIRCLES ( POT5TIAL 5EMIES4 ,NOR CAN 5CRYPTION & O!R SECURITY MEASURES SUFFICE TO KEEP US SAFE3 ! GOV]NM5T WILL ALWAYS HAVE SUP]IOR TE*NOLOGY AT ITS DISPOSAL4 ,IF WE CONCEPTUALIZE RESI/ANCE AS A M]ELY TE*NICAL ISSUE1 WE WILL BE DEFEAT$ FROM ! />T4 ,5CRYPTION IS IMPORTANT1 BUT ! ONLY REAL SECURITY WE C\LD A*IEVE W\LD BE A MOVEM5T P[]FUL 5\< TO /& UP = ANYONE T>GET$ BY ! /ATE4 ,H[EV] MU* 9TELLIG5CE GOV]NM5T AG5CIES GA!R1 !Y CAN ONLY UTILIZE IT TO ! EXT5T ?AT !Y >E ABLE TO BE> ! POLITICAL CONSEQU5CES4 ,! SOON] WE JO9 9 AN OP5 /RUGGLE AGA9/ !M1 ! SAF] WE ALL WILL BE4 

,LET'S RETURN TO ! FIGURE ( ! :I/LEBL[]4 ,! IDEAL H]O IS LIKE US3 AN ,EV]YMAN1 ONLY 5D[$ ) SUP]NATURAL C\RAGE & DE/9Y4 ,H]OES REPRES5T A /EP WE C\LD TAKE1 BUT DO NOT--A /EP WE (T5 DO NOT TAKE = FE> ?AT WE >E NOT GIFT$ ! WAY !Y >E1 NOT *OS5 BY DE/9Y4 ,& ?IS IS PRECISELY :AT IS DANG]\S AB\T H]OES3 !Y T5D TO SIDEL9E ?OSE :O BELIEVE 9 !M4 

,?IS IS NOT TO D5IGRATE :I/LEBL[]S4 ,SN[D5 & ,MANN+ HAVE GIV5 EV]Y?+ TO BE TRUE TO !IR CONSCI5CES1 \T ( ! MO/ SELFLESS 9T5TIONS4 ,BUT ! BE/ WAY TO HONOR !IR C\RAGE & SACRIFICE IS TO /EP ONTO ! SAME PA?4 ,! MESSAGE !Y HAVE = US IS NOT JU/ ! 9=MATION !Y DELIV]$1 BUT ABOVE ALL !IR CONDUCT ITSELF1 !IR DECISION TO DEFECT FROM ! SIDE ( OPPRESSIVE P[] TO ! SIDE ( ! PEOPLE4 ,RA!R ?AN SIMPLY REV]+ ,SN[D5'S EXCEPTIONAL BRAV]Y1 LET US ASK \RSELVES :AT ! EQUIVAL5T TO HIS DE$ W\LD BE 9 EA* ( \R [N LIVES4 ,IT MI<T NOT BE :I/LEBL[+1 BUT SOME?+ ELSE4 

,:AT W\LD IT MEAN = ! RE/ ( US TO DEFECT FROM ! P[] /RUCTURES ?AT WE P>TICIPATE 98 ,TO ID5TIFY :AT IS 9TOL]ABLE 9 \R [N MUNDANE COMPLICITIES1 & BREAK !M (F ONCE & = ALL8 ,?IS IS A /EP EA* ( US CAN TAKE1 :]EV] WE >E SITUAT$ 9 ! >*ITECTURE ( P[]4 

,:I/LEBL[+ ALONE WILL NOT BR+ AB\T SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,?AT TAKES DIRECT ACTION4 ,REMEMB]1 !RE WAS NO :I/LEBL[] 9 ,F]GUSON--IT WAS NOT A REVELATION ( POLICE MISCONDUCT ?AT TRIGG]$ ! MO/ IMPORTANT WAVE ( PROTE/ AGA9/ POLICE BRUTALITY 9 TWO DECADES1 BUT ! FACT ?AT PEOPLE ACT$ ON !IR \TRAGE4 ,! KILL+ ( ,MI*AEL ,BR[N WAS UND]/OOD NATIONWIDE AS A TRAG$Y BECAUSE PEOPLE PROTE/$1 NOT BECAUSE A VIDEO RECORD$ IT1 NOR BECAUSE AN 9SID] REVEAL$ ?AT HIS KILL] VIOLAT$ SOME /ATUTE4 ,OBJECT+ TO GOV]NM5T ACTIVITY ON ! GR\NDS ?AT IT IS ILLEGAL OR CORRUPT LEAVES US P[]LESS AGA9/ ALL ! =MS ( BRUTALITY & ABUSE ?AT >E ALREADY LEGAL4 ,WE NE$ TO DEVELOP ! CAPACITY TO /& UP TO ! AU?ORITIES1 REG>DLESS ( ! LAWS4 ,O!RWISE1 ALL ! :I/LEBL[+ 9 ! WORLD WILL BE FUTILE4 

,TODAY1 WE DON'T LACK AW>5ESS ( ! SURVEILLANCE /ATE SO MU* AS WE LACK CONCRETE EXAMPLES ( H[ TO TAKE ACTION AGA9/ IT4 ,9 ! SPIRIT ( ,J]EMY ,HAMMOND1 WE MI<T HYPO!SIZE ?AT :AT WE NE$ IS NOT JU/ TO REVEAL ! MISDE$S ( ! /ATE1 BUT TO ID5TIFY ITS /RATEGIC VULN]ABILITIES4 ,FROM PROTECT+ ,TUNISIAN ACTIVI/S AGA9/ SURVEILLANCE TO REVEAL+ ! NAMES ( MEMB]S ( ! ,KU ,KLUX ,KLAN1 ,ANONYM\S HAS DEMON/RAT$ ! TACTICAL ADVANTAGES ( HACK+ 9 CONC]T ) SOCIAL MOVEM5TS4 ,RI*>D ,/ALLMAN HIMSELF HAS PO9T$ \T ?AT D5IAL-(-S]VICE ACTIONS >E SIMPLY A NEW =M ( BLOCKAD+--JU/ AS PROTE/]S FROM ,NEW ,YORK TO ! ,BAY ,>EA BLOCK$ 9T]/ATE HI<WAYS1 ONL9E ACTIVI/S BLOCKADE ! 9=MATION SUP]HI<WAY4 ,PROTE/S ?AT COMB9E ONL9E & (FL9E DIRECT ACTION (F] OPPORTUNITIES = NEW ALLIANCES CUTT+ ACROSS CLASS1 RACE1 & GEOGRAPHY4 

,MEAN:ILE1 ! FUNCTION>IES :O KEEP ! SURVEILLANCE APP>ATUS RUNN+ OP]ATE \T ( (FICES 9 PLACID SUBURBS FROM ,=T ,MEAD TO ,HAWAII4 ,FOLL[+ ! LEAD ( ! PROTE/]S :O T>GET$ ,GOOGLE 9 ,SAN ,FRANCISCO1 WE CAN IMAG9E (FL9E DEMON/RATORS OP5+ A NEW FRONT 9 ! /RUGGLE4 ,P]HAPS ?IS C\LD TURN ! TABLES ON ?OSE :O CONSID] !MSELVES ! MA/]S ( ! DIGITAL UNIV]SE FROM ! COM=T ( !IR DESKS4 

,SO :I/LEBL[]S1 SYSADM9S1 & HACK]S ( ALL HATS MU/ MAKE COMMON CAUSE ) O!R MOVEM5TS & POPULATIONS1 UND]/&+ :I/LEBL[+ AS ONE ( MANY TACTICS 9 A MU* L>G] /RUGGLE4 ,ALONE1 :I/LEBL[]S & O!R DIGITAL DISSID5TS WILL BE TRACK$ D[N & IMPRISON$ LIKE ,*ELSEA ,MANN+ & ,J]EMY ,HAMMOND1 OR TRAPP$ LIKE ,JULIAN ,ASSANGE & ,$W>D ,SN[D54 ,TOGE!R1 ) ALL \R DIV]SE ABILITIES & P]SPECTIVES--FROM PROGRAMM+ SKILLS TO ! CL>ITY ?AT COMES ( HAV+ NO?+ TO LOSE--WE WILL BE MORE P[]FUL ?AN ANY ( US C\LD BE ALONE4 

0,I AM NOT TRY+ TO BR+ D[N ! ,N,S,A1 ,I AM WORK+ TO IMPROVE ! ,N,S,A10 ,SN[D5 9SI/$ 9 HIS MORE 9NOC5T DAYS4 ,TODAY1 ANY REAL PRAGMATI/ MU/ ACKN[L$GE ?AT IT W\LD BE EASI] TO DISMANTLE ! ,N,S,A & ALL ! UNACC\NTABLE 9/ITUTIONS IT DEF5DS ?AN TO RE=M !M4 ,! SIMPLE DESIRE TO BE GRANT$ PRIVACY & LEFT 9 PEACE BR+S US 9TO DIRECT CONFLICT ) GLOBALLY NETWORK$ /ATE P[]4 ,?IS IS A DAUNT+ PROSPECT1 BUT IT'S ALSO A GOOD TIME = IT1 AS MILLIONS ( O!R PEOPLE >\ND ! WORLD >E BE+ PROPELL$ 9TO ! SAME CONFLICT BY ! ECOLOGICAL1 ECONOMIC1 & RACIALIZ$ CRISES PRODUC$ BY ?IS TOP-HEAVY P[] /RUCTURE4 

,& H]E WE >RIVE AT ! HE>T ( ! MATT]4 ,! *IEF T>GET ( ! ,N,S,A HAS NEV] BE5 SO-CALL$ 0T]RORI/S10 BUT GRASSROOTS MOVEM5TS ?AT *ALL5GE ! DI/RIBUTION ( P[]4 ,9 ?IS LI<T1 ! DECISION TO BROAD5 ! SCOPE ( ,N,S,A SURVEILLANCE TO 9CLUDE ! 5TIRE POPULATION ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES IS NOT SURPRIS+ AFT] ALL4 ,! GOAL NEV] REALLY WAS TO F9D ! PROV]BIAL T]RORI/ NE$LE 9 ! HAY/ACK4 ,! REAL T>GETS ( ! SURVEILLANCE APP>ATUS HAVE ALWAYS BE5 ! ACTIVI/S 9 ,TUNISIA1 ! REVOLUTION>IES 9 ,EGYPT1 ! AN>*I/S 9 ,GREECE1 _?,M#a#e1 _?OCCUPY1 _?BLACKLIVESMATT]1 ! REVOLUTION 9 ,ROJAVA--& ALL ! SOCIAL MOVEM5TS YET TO COME1 AS CRISIS BEGETS CRISIS4 

,IT IS NO LONG] REALI/IC TO IMAG9E SOCIAL *ANGE AS A MATT] ( POLICY DISCUSSION1 IF IT EV] WAS4 ,WE NE$ TO BE ?9K+ 9 T]MS ( REVOLUTION4 ,:E!R Y\ ACT FROM BEH9D A KEYBO>D OR A B>RICADE1 LET'S F9D EA* O!R & LE>N TO BE P[]FUL TOGE!R4 

.<#a.> ,! IDEA ?AT ! M]E REVELATION ( SOME HIDD5 TRU? C\LD SOMEH[ AWAK5 PEOPLE 9TO FRE$OM IS MO/ EVID5T 9 ! #i_/#a#a ,TRU? MOVEM5T & SIMIL> PURVEYORS ( CONSPIRACY !ORY4 ,BUT ?OSE >E SIMPLY EXTREME MANIFE/ATIONS ( A N>RATIVE ?AT IS P]VASIVE 9 \R SOCIETY1 9 :I* MILL5>IAN P[]S >E ASCRIB$ TO 9=MATION ITSELF4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #bND ,DECEMB] #bb FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#c1 #bbb 3 ,BEYOND ,:I/LEBL[+ -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/