,P>T #c 
,! ,DEA? & ,FUN]AL ( ,DURRUTI 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,A4,G4 ,S*W>Z 

,TEXT 3 

,P>T #c -- ,! ,DEA? & ,FUN]AL ( ,DURRUTI 

0,CUI PRODE/ SCELUS IS FECIT40 7,:OEV] B5EFITS FROM ! CRIME IS ! ONE :O COMMITT$ IT47 

,S5ECA1 ,M$EA 

0,WE AN>*I/S CAN GO TO JAIL1 OR DIE ! WAY ,OBREGON1 ,ASCASO1 ,SABAT]1 ,BU5AV5TURA ,DURRUTI & ,PEIRO DI$1 :OSE LIVES >E WOR?Y ( A ,PLUT>*4 ,WE CAN DIE 9 EXILE1 9 ! CONC5TRATION CAMPS1 9 ! MAQUIS1 OR 9 A HOSPICE1 BUT TO ACCEPT ! POSITION ( GOV]NM5T M9I/]1 ?IS IS 9CONCEIVABLE40 

,JAIME ,BALIUS1 0,= ! ,RECORD01 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 ,SEPTEMB] #b1 #a#i#g#a4 

,F,R,O,M ,N,O,V,E,M,B,] #d ,T,O ,N,O,V,E,M,B,] #b#b1 #aicf 

,ON ,NOVEMB] #d1 MANY PEOPLE W]E EAG]LY WAIT+ TO LI/5 TO A SURPRISE SPEE* BY ,DURRUTI ?AT WAS TO BE BROADCA/ BY ,RADIO ,C,N,T-,F,A,I FROM ,B>CELONA TO ALL ( ,SPA94 ,ON ?AT SAME DAY ! PRESS REPORT$ ON ! ACCESSION ( F\R AN>*I/ ,M9I/]S TO ! ,MADRID GOV]NM5T3 ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y1 ,JUAN ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 ,JUAN ,LOPEZ & ,JOAN ,PEIRO4 ,! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN HAD NOT CAPTUR$ ,Z>AGOZA4 ,! DIFFICULTIES ) REG>D TO ! SUPPLY ( >MS COMPRIS$ ! MA9 PROBLEM AT ! FRONT4 ,DURRUTI HAD TRI$ EV]Y?+ 9 HIS P[] TO OBTA9 WEAPONS4 ,HE EV5 S5T A DETA*M5T ( MILITIAM5 9 E>LY ,SEPTEMB] ON A PUNITIVE EXP$ITION TO ,SABADELL1 9 ORD] TO =CE !M TO DELIV] ! >MS ?AT HAD BE5 /OR$ !RE 9 ANTICIPATION ( =M+ A ,SABADELL ,COLUMN ?AT HAD NOT YET BE5 ORGANIZ$4 ,FUR!RMORE1 ON ,OCTOB] #bd ! ,G5]ALITAT HAD APPROV$ ! ,DECREE MILIT>IZ+ ! ,MILITIAS1 :I* RE-IMPOS$ ! OLD ,CODE ( ,MILIT>Y ,JU/ICE1 EFFECTIVE AS ( ,NOVEMB] #a4 ,BO? ! FRI5DS AS WELL AS ! 5EMIES ( ,DURRUTI EAG]LY AWAIT$ HIS SPEE*4 

,EV5 BE=E ! SPEE* />T$1 PEOPLE GA!R$ 9 ! VIC9ITY ( ! SPEAK]S ?AT HAD BE5 9/ALL$ 9 ! TREES ( ,LAS ,RAMBLAS1 :I* USUALLY BROADCA/ REVOLUTION>Y SONGS1 NEWS & MUSIC4 ,:]EV] !RE WAS A RADIO 9 ,B>CELONA1 PEOPLE W]E IMPATI5TLY WAIT+ = ! ANN\NCEM5T3 0,DURRUTI ,SPEAKS04 

,! ,MILIT>IZATION ,DECREE HAD BE5 PASSIONATELY DISCUSS$ 9 ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN1 :I* HAD VOT$ NOT TO COMPLY ) IT1 BECAUSE IT C\LD NOT IMPROVE ! COMBAT CONDITIONS ( ! VOLUNTE] MILITIAM5 ( ,JULY #a#i1 NOR C\LD IT RESOLVE ! *RONIC %ORTAGE ( WEAPONS & AMMUNITION4 ,DURRUTI SIGN$1 9 ! NAME ( ! ,COMMITTEE ( ,W>1 A TEXT.<#a#a#e.> REJECT+ ! MILIT>IZATION DEM&$ BY ! 0,C\NCIL0.<#a#a#f.> ( ! ,G5]ALITAT1 SIGNIFICANTLY DATEL9$ FROM ! ,OS]A ,FRONT ON ! SAME DAY 7,NOVEMB] #a7 ?AT ! HAT$ ,MILIT>Y ,CODE WAS SUPPOS$ TO BECOME EFFECTIVE4 ,! ,COLUMN D5I$ ! NE$ = B>RACKS DISCIPL9E1 TO :I* IT OPPOS$ ! SUP]IORITY ( REVOLUTION>Y DISCIPL9E3 0,MILITIAM51 YES2 SOLDI]S1 NEV]40 

,DURRUTI1 AS ! DELEGATE ( ! ,COLUMN1 S\<T TO EVOKE ! 9DIGNATION & PROTE/S ( ! MILITIAM5 ( ! ,>AGON FRONT AGA9/ ! CLE>LY C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y C\RSE ?AT WAS EM]G+ BEH9D ! L9ES4 ,! BROADCA/ ( ,DURRUTI'S SPEE*.<#a#a#g.> BEGAN AT #i3#c P4M43 

0,WORK]S ( ,CATALUNA6 ,I AM SPEAK+ TO ! ,CATALAN PEOPLE1 TO ! G5]\S PEOPLE ?AT F\R MON?S AGO DEFEAT$ ! SOLDI]S :O TRI$ TO CRU% !M B5EA? !IR BOOTS4 ,I S5D Y\ SALUTATIONS FROM Y\R BRO!RS & COMRADES FI<T+ ON ! FRONT 9 ,>AGON1 :O >E ONLY KILOMET]S FROM ,Z>AGOZA1 )9 SI<T ( ! T[]S ( ,PIL>ICA4 

0,DESPITE ! ?REAT ?AT IS CLOS+ 9 ON ,MADRID1 WE MU/ ALWAYS REMEMB] ?AT ! PEOPLE HAVE RIS51 & NO?+ 9 ! WORLD CAN MAKE !M RETREAT4 ,WE %ALL RESI/ ON ! FRONT ( ,>AGON1 AGA9/ ! ,>AGONESE FASCI/ HORDES1 & WE CALL UPON \R BRO!RS 9 ,MADRID TO RESI/1 BECAUSE ! MILITIAM5 ( ,CATALUNA WILL KN[ H[ TO DO !IR DUTY1 JU/ AS !Y DID :5 !Y W5T 9TO ! /REETS ( ,B>CELONA TO CRU% FASCISM4 ,! WORK]S ORGANIZATIONS MU/ NOT =GET !IR IMP]ATIVE DUTY AT ! PRES5T TIME4 ,AT ! FRONT1 AS 9 ! TR5*ES1 !RE IS ONLY ONE ?\<T1 ONE GOAL4 ,\R GAZE IS FIX$1 WE LOOK =W>D1 ) ! SOLE PURPOSE ( CRU%+ FASCISM4 

0,WE ASK ! ,CATALAN PEOPLE TO /OP ! 9TRIGUES & BICK]+4 ,Y\ MU/ RISE TO ! OCCASION3 /OP QU>REL+ & ?9K ( ! W>4 ,! PEOPLE ( ,CATALONIA HAVE ! DUTY TO SUPPORT ?OSE FI<T+ ON ! FRONT4 ,WE HAVE TO MOBILIZE EV]YONE1 BUT DON'T ?9K ?AT IT WILL ALWAYS BE ! SAME PEOPLE4 ,IF ,CATALAN WORK]S HAVE ASSUM$ ! RESPONSIBILITY ( GO+ TO ! FRONT1 IT'S N[ TIME TO DEM& SACRIFICES FROM ?OSE :O REMA9 9 ! CITIES4 ,WE HAVE TO EFFECTIVELY MOBILIZE ALL ! WORK]S 9 ! RE>GU>D BECAUSE ?OSE ( US :O >E AT ! FRONT NE$ TO KN[ ?AT WE CAN C\NT ON ! M5 BEH9D US4 

0,TO ! ORGANIZATIONS3 /OP Y\R R[S & /OP TRIPP+ ?+S UP6 ,?OSE ( US :O >E FI<T+ ON ! FRONT ASK = S9C]ITY1 ABOVE ALL FROM ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I4 ,WE ASK ! LEAD]S TO BE G5U9E4 ,IT IS NOT 5\< = !M TO S5D 5C\RAG+ LETT]S TO US AT ! FRONT1 & TO S5D CLO?+1 FOOD1 RIFLES & AMMUNITION4 ,IT IS ALSO NECESS>Y = !M TO FACE ! FACTS1 & PLAN = ! FUTURE4 ,?IS W> HAS ALL ! AGGRAVAT+ FACTORS ( MOD]N W>F>E & IS PROV+ TO BE V]Y CO/LY = ,CATALONIA4 ,! LEAD]%IP HAS TO REALIZE ?AT WE'LL NE$ TO />T ORGANIZ+ ! ,CATALAN ECONOMY1 & IMPOS+ RULES ON ! ECONOMIC ORD]1 IF ?IS LA/S MU* LONG]4 ,I DO NOT FEEL LIKE WRIT+ ANY MORE LETT]S SO ?AT ! COMRADES OR ! SON ( A MILITIAMAN CAN HAVE ONE MORE CRU/ ( BREAD OR P9T ( MILK1 :ILE !RE >E ,M9I/]S :O DO NOT HAVE TO PAY TO EAT & HAVE NO LIMITS ON !IR EXP5DITURES4 ,WE CALL UPON ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I TO TELL !M ?AT IF !Y AS AN ORGANIZATION CONTROL ! ECONOMY ( ,CATALONIA1 !N !Y MU/ ORGANIZE IT AS IT %\LD BE ORGANIZ$4 ,NO ONE %\LD ?9K ( WAGE 9CREASES OR R$UC$ WORK+ H\RS N[4 ,IT'S ! DUTY ( ALL WORK]S1 ESPECIALLY ! WORK]S ( ! ,C,N,T1 TO MAKE SACRIFICES1 TO WORK AS MU* AS NECESS>Y4 

0,( C\RSE WE'RE FI<T+ = SOME?+ GREAT] & ! MILITIAM5 WILL PROVE IT4 ,!Y BLU% :5 !Y READ AB\T FUND DRIVES TO RAISE MONEY = !M 9 ! PRESS1 :5 !Y SEE ?OSE PO/]S ASK+ Y\ TO MAKE A DONATION4 ,! FASCI/ PLANES DROP NEWSPAP]S ON US ?AT PUBLI% LI/S ( DONATIONS = !IR SOLDI]S1 & !Y >E NEI!R MORE NOR LESS ?AN :AT Y\ GIVE4 ,?AT IS :Y WE HAVE TO TELL Y\ ?AT WE >E NOT BEGG>S & !RE=E WE DO NOT ACCEPT *>ITY 9 ANY =M4 ,FASCISM REPRES5TS & IS 9 EFFECT SOCIAL 9EQUALITY1 & IF Y\ DO NOT WANT ?OSE ( US :O >E FI<T+ TO CONFUSE ?OSE ( Y\ 9 ! RE>GU>D ) \R 5EMIES1 !N DO Y\R DUTY4 ,WE >E WAG+ W> N[ TO CRU% ! 5EMY AT ! FRONT1 BUT IS ?IS ! ONLY 5EMY8 ,NO4 ,ANYONE AMONG US :O IS OPPOS$ TO ! REVOLUTION>Y CONQUE/S IS ALSO AN 5EMY1 & WE MU/ CRU% !M AS WELL4 

0,IF Y\ WANT TO NEUTRALIZE ! ?REAT1 Y\ MU/ =M A GRANITE FRONT4 ,POLITICS IS ! >T ( OB/RUCTIONISM1 ! >T ( LIV+ .<LIKE P>ASITES.>1 & ?IS MU/ BE REPLAC$ ) ! >T ( LABOR4 ,! TIME HAS COME TO 9VITE ! TRADE UNION ORGANIZATIONS & ! POLITICAL P>TIES TO PUT AN 5D TO ?IS BUS9ESS ONCE & = ALL4 ,9 ! RE>GU>D WE NE$ CAPABLE ADM9I/RATORS4 ,! M5 AT ! FRONT WANT RESPONSIBILITY & GU>ANTEES BEH9D US4 ,& WE DEM& ?AT ! ORGANIZATIONS LOOK AFT] \R WOM5 & *ILDR54 

0,!Y'RE MI/AK5 IF !Y ?9K ?AT ! MILIT>IZATION DECREE WILL SC>E US & IMPOSE AN IRON DISCIPLE ON US4 ,Y\ >E MI/AK51 ,M9I/]S1 ) Y\R MILIT>IZATION DECREE4 ,S9CE Y\ HAVE SO MU* TO SAY AB\T IRON DISCIPL9E1 !N ,I SAY TO Y\1 COME TO ! FRONT ) ME4 ,AT ! FRONT WE DO NOT ACCEPT ANY DISCIPL9E1 BECAUSE WE >E CONSCI\S ( DO+ \R DUTY4 ,& Y\ WILL SEE \R ORD] & \R ORGANIZATION4 ,!N WE %ALL RETURN TO ,B>CELONA & WE %ALL ASK Y\ AB\T Y\R DISCIPL9E1 Y\R ORD]1 & Y\R CONTROL1 :I* DOES NOT EXI/4 

0,REMA9 CALM4 ,!RE'S NO *AOS OR 9DISCIPL9E AT ! FRONT4 ,WE'RE ALL RESPONSIBLE & *]I% Y\R TRU/4 ,SLEEP PEACEFULLY4 ,BUT REMEMB] ?AT WE'VE LEFT ,CATALONIA & ITS ECONOMY 9 Y\R H&S4 ,TAKE RESPONSIBILITY = Y\RSELVES1 DISCIPL9E Y\RSELVES4 ,LET'S NOT PROVOKE1 ) \R 9COMPET5CE1 AFT] ?IS W>1 ANO!R CIVIL W> AMONG \RSELVES4 

0,ANYONE :O ?9KS ?AT HIS P>TY IS /RONG 5\< TO IMPOSE ITS POLICY IS WRONG4 ,AGA9/ ! FASCI/S WE MU/ M>%AL ONE =CE1 ONE ORGANIZATION1 ) A UNIFI$ DISCIPL9E4 

0,! FASCI/ TYRANTS WILL NEV] CROSS \R L9ES4 ,?AT IS \R SLOGAN AT ! FRONT4 ,TO !M WE SAY3 ',Y\ WILL NOT PASS6' ,TO Y\3 ',!Y WILL NOT PASS6'0 

,H\RS AFT] HAV+ LI/5$ TO ,DURRUTI'S RADIO ADDRESS1 PEOPLE W]E /ILL DISCUSS+ :AT HE HAD SAID ) HIS USUAL 5]GY & 9TEGRITY4 ,HIS WORDS RESONAT$ ) =CE & EMOTION 9 ! ,B>CELONA NI<T1 EMBODY+ ! G5U9E ?\<T ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,IT WAS A CRY ( AL>M ?AT REM9D$ ! WORK]S ( !IR CONDITION AS REVOLUTION>Y MILITANTS4 ,DURRUTI DID NOT RECOGNIZE ANY GODS1 NOR DID HE SEE ! WORK+ CLASS AS GODS4 ,HE TOOK IT = GRANT$ ?AT ! MILITIAM5 :O W]E FI<T+ FASCISM AT ! FRONT W]E NOT GO+ TO ALL[ ANYONE TO ROB !M ( ! REVOLUTION>Y & EMANCIPATORY CONT5T ( !IR /RUGGLE3 !Y W]E NOT FI<T+ = ! ,REPUBLIC OR B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY1 BUT = ! TRIUMPH ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION & ! EMANCIPATION ( ! PROLET>IAT4 

,HIS 5TIRE ADDRESS DID NOT CONTA9 EV5 ONE DEMAGOGIC OR RHETORICAL PHRASE4 ,HIS WORDS W]E A SPUR TO ! GREAT & ! SMALL ( ! E>?4 ,= ! WORK]S & ! ,C,N,T LEAD]S COM=TABLY SETTL$ 9TO RESPONSIBLE POSITIONS1 = ! ORD9>Y CITIZ5S & = ! ,M9I/]S ( ! ,G5]ALITAT OR ! GLAM\R\S AN>*I/ ,M9I/]S4 ,A DIATRIBE AGA9/ ! BUREAUCRATIC DEVIATIONS ( ! REVOLUTION>Y SITUATION ?AT >OSE ON ,JULY #a#i1 & A CONDEMNATION ( GOV]NM5T POLICY1 ) OR )\T ,C,N,T LEAD]S TO PROVIDE A FACADE4 ,9 ! RE>GU>D !RE WAS AN UN=TUNATE CONFUSION BETWE5 DUTY & *>ITY1 ADM9I/RATION & COMM&1 FUNCTION & BUREAUCRACY1 RESPONSIBILITY & DISCIPL9E1 AGREEM5T & DECREE1 & EXAMPLE & ORD]S & COMM&S4 ,! ?REAT TO 0RETURN TO ,B>CELONA0 CAUS$ ! RESURG5CE ( T]ROR AMONG ! POLITICAL REPRES5TATIVES ( ! B\RGEOISIE1 AL?\< IT WAS ALREADY TOO LATE TO REM$Y ! 9EXCUSABLE & NAIVE ]ROR ( ,JULY1 :5 ! REVOLUTION WAS PO/PON$ 0UNTIL AFT] ,Z>AGOZA IS CAPTUR$01 AS A RESULT ( !ORETICAL %ORTCOM+S & A LACK ( P]SPECTIVE ON ! P>T ( ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T4 ,BUT !SE ?REATS AGA9/ ! RUL+ P[]S W]E NOT 9 VA93 HIS WORDS1 DIRECT$ AT HIS CLASS BRO!RS1 POSSESS$ ALL ! VALUE ( A REVOLUTION>Y TE/AM5T4 ,A TE/AM5T1 RA!R ?AN A PROCLAMATION1 BECAUSE HIS FATE WAS ALREADY SEAL$1 A FATE ?AT HIS PO/HUM\S DEIFICATION TRANS=M$ 9TO AN 5IGMA4 

,! IMM$IATE CONSEQU5CE ( ! RADIO ADDRESS1 WAS ! CONVOCATION BY ,COMPANYS ON ! FOLL[+ DAY1 ,NOVEMB] #e1 AT #a#a3 P4M41 ( AN EXTRAORD9>Y MEET+.<#a#a#h.> 9 ! ,PALACE ( ! ,G5]ALITAT ( ALL ! ,M9I/]S & REPRES5TATIVES ( ALL ! POLITICAL & TRADE UNION ORGANIZATIONS1 9 ORD] TO DISCUSS ! GR[+ RESI/ANCE TO COMPLIANCE ) ! ,DECREE MILIT>IZ+ ! MILITIAS1 AS WELL AS TO ! ,DECREE PROCLAIM+ ! DISSOLUTION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y COMMITTEES & !IR REPLACEM5T BY ,POPUL> ,FRONT MUNICIPAL GOV]NM5T BODIES4 ,DURRUTI WAS ! CAUSE & ! T>GET ( ! DEBATE1 AL?\< EV]YONE AVOID$ M5TION+ HIS NAME4 ,COMPANYS PROCLAIM$ ! NECESSITY ( PUTT+ AN 5D TO 0! UNCONTROLLABLES01 :O1 \TSIDE ( ALL POLITICAL & TRADE UNION ORGANIZATIONS1 0W]E RU9+ EV]Y?+ & COMPROMIS+ ALL ( US04 ,COMOR]A 7,P,S,U,C7 /AT$ ?AT ! ,U,G,T HAD EXPELL$ FROM ITS RANKS ?OSE :O DID NOT COMPLY ) ! DECREES1 & 9VIT$ ! O!R ORGANIZATIONS TO DO ! SAME4 ,M>IANET1 SECRET>Y ( ! ,C,N,T1 AFT] BOA/+ ( ! SACRIFICES MADE BY ! AN>*I/S ) !IR R5UNCIATION ( !IR [N IDEOLOGICAL PR9CIPLES1 COMPLA9$ ( ! LACK ( TACT DEMON/RAT$ BY ! ATTEMPT TO IMM$IATELY 5=CE ! ,CODE ( ,MILIT>Y ,JU/ICE1 & ASSUR$ ?OSE PRES5T ?AT AFT] ! DECREE ORD]+ ! DISSOLUTION ( ! COMMITTEES1 & ?ANKS TO ! EF=TS ( ! ,C,N,T1 !RE W]E FEW] & FEW] UNCONTROLLABLES1 & ?AT ?IS WAS NOT SO MU* A MATT] ( GR\PS ?AT HAD TO BE EXPELL$ AS RESI/ANCE ?AT HAD TO BE OV]COME1 )\T PROVOK+ REVOLTS1 & ( 9DIVIDUALS :O MU/ BE CONV9C$4 ,N9 7,P,\,M71 ,H]R]A 7,F,A,I7 & ,FABREGAS 7,C,N,T7 PRAIS$ ! EF=TS C>RI$ \T BY ALL ! ORGANIZATIONS TO /ABILIZE ! SITUATION AFT] ,JULY #a#i1 & TO RE9=CE ! P[] ( ! CURR5T ,C\NCIL ( ! ,G5]ALITAT4 ,N9 M$IAT$ ! DISPUTE BETWE5 ,S&9O1 ,M9I/] ( ,DEF5SE1 & ,M>IANET1 CONC]N+ ! CAUSES ( ! RESI/ANCE TO ! ,MILIT>IZATION ,DECREE1 SAY+ ?AT 0EV]YONE BASICALLY AGRE$0 & ?AT !RE WAS A C]TA9 AM\NT ( FE> AMONG ! MASSES 0AB\T LOS+ :AT !Y HAD GA9$01 BUT ?AT 0! WORK+ CLASS AGREES ?AT A REAL >MY MU/ BE CREAT$04 ,N9 SAW ! SOLUTION ( ! CURR5T DISAGREEM5TS 9 ! CREATION ( A ,COMMISS>IAT ( ,W> 9 :I* ALL ! POLITICAL & TRADE UNION ORGANIZATIONS W\LD BE REPRES5T$4 ,COMOR]A1 MU* MORE 9TRANSIG5T ?AN ,COMPANYS & ,T>RADELLAS1 CLAIM$ ?AT ! FUNDAM5TAL PROBLEM RESID$ 9 ! ,G5]ALITAT'S LACK ( AU?ORITY3 0GR\PS ( UNCONTROLLABLES >E /ILL DO+ :ATEV] !Y WANT01 NOT ONLY ) REG>D TO ! QUE/ION ( MILIT>IZATION & ! CONDUCT ( ! W> OR ! ISSUE ( A UNIT>Y COMM& /RUCTURE1 BUT ALSO ) REG>D TO ! DISSOLUTION ( ! COMMITTEES & ! =MATION ( MUNICIPAL GOV]N+ BODIES1 AS WELL ) RESPECT TO ! COLLECTION ( >MS 9 ! RE>GU>D & RECRUITM5T1 :I* AUGUR$ DISA/]4 ,COMOR]A EV5 SAID ?AT ?IS LACK ( AU?ORITY EXT5D$ TO ! COLLECTIVIZATIONS1 0:I* >E /ILL BE+ C>RI$ \T CAPRICI\SLY1 )\T OBS]V+ ! ,DECREE ?AT REGULATES !M04 ,COMPANYS ACCEPT$ ! POSSIBILITY ( MODIFY+ ! ,MILIT>Y ,CODE & CREAT+ A ,COMMISS>IAT ( ,W>4 ,COMOR]A & ,&REU 7,],C7 9SI/$ ?AT IT WAS NECESS>Y TO COMPLY ) & TO 5=CE COMPLIANCE ) ! DECREES4 ,! MEET+ CONCLUD$ ) A JO9T APPEAL TO ! ,CATALONIAN PEOPLE TO EX]CISE DISCIPL9E 9 COMPLY+ ) ALL ! DECREES ( ! ,G5]ALITAT1 & TO ALL ! ORGANIZATIONS TO MAKE A COMMITM5T TO DECL>E !IR SUPPORT = ALL ! GOV]NM5T'S DECISIONS 9 !IR PRESS4.<#a#a#i.> ,NO ONE AT ?IS MEET+ OPPOS$ MILIT>IZATION3 ! PROBLEM = ! POLITICIANS & BUREAUCRATS WAS M]ELY H[ TO MAKE ! PEOPLE OBEY ! GOV]NM5T'S DECREES4 

,ON ,NOVEMB] #f ! ,C\NCIL ( ,M9I/]S ( ! ,REPUBLIC1 9CLUD+ ! F\R AN>*I/ ,M9I/]S1 VOT$ UNANIM\SLY TO EVACUATE ! ,GOV]NM5T FROM ,MADRID1 :I* WAS BESIEG$ BY FASCI/ TROOPS4 ,! SCORN = ?IS DECISION ON ! P>T ( ! ,LOCAL ,F$]ATION ( ! ,C,N,T ( ,MADRID WAS REFLECT$ 9 ! PUBLICATION ( A BELLIG]5T MANIFE/O ?AT DECL>$3 0,MADRID1 FREE ( ,GOV]NM5T ,M9I/]S1 WILL BE ! TOMB ( FASCISM4 ,ONW>D1 MILITIAM56 ,LONG LIVE ,MADRID )\T A GOV]NM5T6 ,LONG LIVE ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION60 ,ON ! #a#e? ( ,NOVEMB] ELEM5TS ( ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN W]E ALREADY FI<T+ 9 ,MADRID UND] ! COMM& ( ,DURRUTI1 :O HAD RESI/$ LEAV+ ,>AGON1 & :O WAS F9ALLY CONV9C$ BY ,M>IANET & ,F$]ICA4 ,ON ,NOVEMB] #a#i1 A /RAY BULLET1 OR P]HAPS NOT SO /RAY1.<#a#b.> /RUCK HIM :ILE HE WAS AT ! ,MADRID FRONT1 :]E HE DI$ ! NEXT DAY4 ,ON ,SUNDAY1 ,NOVEMB] #b#b1 9 ,B>CELONA1 AN 5DLESS1 *AOTIC & DISORGANIZ$ FUN]AL PROCESSION.<#a#b#a.> ADVANC$ SL[LY ?R\< ! /REETS1 :ILE ! TWO B&S ?AT W]E UNABLE TO H>MONIZE !IR MUSIC ONLY CONTRIBUT$ TO ! AUGM5TATION ( ! CONFUSION4 ,! CAVALRY & MOTORIZ$ TROOPS :O W]E SUPPOS$ TO LEAD ! PROCESSION W]E PREV5T$ FROM DO+ SO BY ! 5ORM\S CR[DS4 ,! C>S ?AT BORE ! FUN]AL WREA?S HAD TO BE DRIV5 9 REV]SE4 ,! MEMB]S ( ! CAVALRY ESCORT ATTEMPT$ TO MAKE !IR WAY =W>D SEP>ATELY4 ,! MUSICIANS :O HAD BE5 DISP]S$ 9 ! CR[D TRI$ TO REGR\P AMID A CONFUS$ MASS ( PEOPLE BE>+ ANTIFASCI/ PLAC>DS & WAV+ R$ FLAGS1 R$ & BLACK BANN]S1 & ! /RIP$ FLAGS ( ! REPUBLIC4 ,! PROCESSION WAS L$ BY NUM]\S POLITICIANS & BUREAUCRATS1 AL?\< ! LIMELI<T WAS MONOPOLIZ$ BY ,COMPANYS1 ! PRESID5T ( ! ,G5]ALITAT1 ,ANTONOV-,OVSE5KO1 ! ,SOVIET CONSUL1 & ,JUAN ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 ! AN>*I/ ,M9I/] ( ,JU/ICE ( ! ,REPUBLIC1 :O ADDRESS$ ! CR[D FROM 9 FRONT ( ! ,COLUMBUS ,MONUM5T 9 ORD] TO DISPLAY HIS ORATORICAL GIFTS BE=E ! MULTITUDE4 ,G>CIA ,OLIV] REHE>S$ ! SAME >GUM5TS ( S9C]E FRI5D%IP & FRAT]NITY AMONG ANTIFASCI/S ?AT HE W\LD LAT] USE 9 ,MAY #aicg TO HELP TO SMA% ! B>RICADES ( ! WORK]S 9SURRECTION AGA9/ ,/AL9ISM4 ,! ,SOVIET CONSUL 9ITIAT$ ! TRADITION ( IDEOLOGICAL MANIPULATION ( ,DURRUTI BY DEPICT+ HIM AS A *AMPION ( MILIT>Y DISCIPL9E & UNIT>Y COMM&4 ,COMPANYS DELIV]$ ! MO/ DA/>DLY 9SULT :5 HE SAID ?AT ,DURRUTI 0HAD BE5 %OT 9 ! BACK AS ALL C[>DS DIE 444 OR AS ?OSE DIE :O >E MURD]$ BY C[>DS04 ,ALL ?REE ( !M CO9CID$ 9 !IR PRAISE = ANTIFASCI/ UNITY ABOVE ALL ELSE4 ,DURRUTI'S FUN]AL BI] WAS ALREADY A TRIBUNE = ! C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,?REE ORATORS1 EXCELL5T REPRES5TATIVES ( ! B\RGEOIS GOV]NM5T1 ( ,/AL9ISM & ! ,C,N,T BUREAUCRACY1 DISPUT$ AMONG !MSELVES = ! POPUL>ITY ( ! MAN :O WAS YE/]DAY'S DANG]\S UNCONTROLLABLE BUT TODAY'S EMBALM$ H]O4 ,:5 ! C(F91 EI<T H\RS AFT] ! BEG9N+ ( ! SPECTACLE1 N[ )\T ITS (FICIAL CORTEGE1 BUT /ILL ACCOMPANI$ BY A CURI\S CR[D1 >RIV$ AT ! CEMET]Y ( ,MONTJUIC1 IT C\LD NOT BE BURI$ UNTIL ! NEXT DAY BECAUSE HUNDR$S ( WREA?S BLOCK$ ! WAY TO ! SITE ( ! GRAVE1 :I* WAS TOO SMALL1 & A HEAVY D[NP\R PREV5T$ IT FROM BE+ 5L>G$4 

,WE MAY NEV] F9D \T H[ ,DURRUTI REALLY DI$1 S9CE !RE >E SEV5 OR EI<T DIFF]5T & CONTRADICTORY V]SIONS2 BUT IT IS MO/ 9T]E/+ TO ASK :Y HE DI$ FIFTE5 DAYS AFT] HAV+ DELIV]$ HIS RADIO ADDRESS4 ,DURRUTI'S RADIO BROADCA/ WAS P]CEIV$ AS A DANG]\S ?REAT1 :I* 5C\NT]$ AN IMM$IATE RESPONSE 9 ! CONV5+ ( ! EXTRAORD9>Y MEET+ ( ! ,C\NCIL ( ! ,G5]ALITAT1 ESPECIALLY 9 ! BRUTALITY ( ,COMOR]A'S SPEE*1 :I* C\LD H>DLY BE MOD]AT$ BY C5ETI/AS & ,P,\,MI/AS1 :O ULTIMATELY SWORE TO DEVOTE !MSELVES TO ! COMMON TASK ( COMPLY+ ) & 5=C+ COMPLIANCE ) ALL ! DECREES4 ,! SACR$ ANTIFASCI/ UNION BETWE5 WORK+ CLASS BUREAUCRATS1 ,/AL9I/S & B\RGEOIS POLITICIANS C\LD NOT TOL]ATE UNCONTROLLABLES ( ! /ATURE ( ,DURRUTI3 ?IS IS :Y HIS DEA? WAS SU* AN URG5T & NECESS>Y MATT]4 ,BY OPPOS+ ! MILIT>IZATION ( ! MILITIAS1 ,DURRUTI P]SONIFI$ ! REVOLUTION>Y OPPOSITION & RESI/ANCE TO ! DISSOLUTION ( ! COMMITTEES1 ! DIRECTION ( ! W> BY ! B\RGEOISIE & /ATE CONTROL ( ! 5T]PRISES EXPROPRIAT$ 9 ,JULY4 ,DURRUTI DI$ BECAUSE HE HAD BECOME A DANG]\S OB/ACLE = ! ONGO+ C\NT]REVOLUTION4 

,& = ?IS V]Y SAME REASON ,DURRUTI HAD TO DIE TWICE4 ,ONE YE> LAT]1 AT ! COMMEMORATION ( ! ONE-YE> ANNIV]S>Y ( HIS DEA?1 ! ALL-P[]FUL PROPAG&A MA*9E ( ,NEGR9'S ,/AL9I/ GOV]NM5T WORK$ AT FULL CAPACITY TO ATTRIBUTE ! AU?OR%IP ( A SLOGAN TO ,DURRUTI1 9V5T$ ORIG9ALLY BY ,ILYA ,EHR5BURG1.<#a#b#b.> & LAT] GIV5 ! SUPPORT ( ! BUREAUCRACY ( ! SUP]IOR COMMITTEES ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I1 9 :I* HE WAS MADE TO SAY ! OPPOSITE ( :AT HE ALWAYS SAID & ?\<T3 0,WE R5\NCE EV]Y?+1 EXCEPT VICTORY40 ,?AT IS1 ,DURRUTI R5\NC$ ! REVOLUTION4 ,WE DO NOT EV5 POSSESS A COMPLETE & RELIABLE V]SION ( HIS SPEE* BROADCA/ OV] ! RADIO ON ,NOVEMB] #d1 #a#i#c#f1 BECAUSE ! AN>*I/ PRESS ( ! P]IOD REVIS$ & C5SOR$ ,DURRUTI'S LIVE SPEE* = PUBLICATION4 

,ONCE HE WAS DEAD1 ,DURRUTI C\LD BECOME A ,GOD4 ,& EV5 A ,LIEUT5ANT ,COLONEL.<#a#b#c.> 9 ! ,POPUL> ,>MY4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#c1 #bba 3 ,P>T #c -- ,ADD$4 

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