,>T & ,SOCIALISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 

,TEXT 3 

      ,MY FRI5DS1 ,I WANT Y\ TO LOOK 9TO ! RELATIONS ( ,>T 
      TO ,COMM]CE1 US+ ! LATT] WORD TO EXPRESS :AT IS G5]ALLY MEANT BY IT2 
      NAMELY1 ?AT SY/EM ( COMPETITION 9 ! M>KET :I* IS 9DE$ ! ONLY =M 
      :I* MO/ PEOPLE N[-A-DAYS SUPPOSE ?AT ,COMM]CE CAN TAKE4 
     
     

      ,N[ :]EAS !RE HAVE BE5 TIMES 9 ! WORLD'S HI/ORY :5 ,>T HELD ! 
      SUPREMACY OV] ,COMM]CE2 :5 ,>T WAS A GOOD DEAL1 & ,COMM]CE1 AS WE UND]/& 
      ! WORD1 WAS A V]Y LITTLE2 SO N[ ON ! CONTR>Y IT WILL BE ADMITT$ BY ALL1 ,I 
      FANCY1 ?AT ,COMM]CE HAS BECOME ( V]Y GREAT IMPORTANCE & ,>T ( V]Y LITTLE4 
     
     

      ,I SAY ?IS WILL BE G5]ALLY ADMITT$1 BUT DIFF]5T P]SONS WILL HOLD V]Y 
      DIFF]5T OP9IONS NOT ONLY AS TO :E!R ?IS IS WELL OR ILL1 BUT EV5 AS TO :AT 
      IT REALLY MEANS :5 WE SAY ?AT ,COMM]CE HAS BECOME ( SUPREME IMPORTANCE & ?AT 
      ,>T HAS SUNK 9TO AN UNIMPORTANT MATT]4 
     
     

      ,ALL[ ME TO GIVE Y\ MY OP9ION ( ! MEAN+ ( IT2 :I* WILL LEAD ME ON TO ASK 
      Y\ TO CONSID] :AT REM$IES %\LD BE APPLI$ = CUR+ ! EVILS ?AT EXI/ 9 
      ! RELATIONS BETWE5 ,>T & ,COMM]CE4 
     
     

      ,N[ TO SPEAK PLA9LY IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT ! SUPREMACY ( ,COMM]CE 7AS WE 
      UND]/& ! WORD7 IS AN EVIL1 & A V]Y S]I\S ONE2 & ,I %\LD CALL IT AN 
      UNMIX$ EVIL-- BUT = ! /RANGE CONT9UITY ( LIFE :I* RUNS ?R\< ALL 
      HI/ORICAL EV5TS1 & BY MEANS ( :I* ! V]Y EVILS ( SU* & SU* A P]IOD 
      T5D TO ABOLI% !MSELVES4 
     
     

      ,= TO MY M9D IT MEANS ?IS3 ?AT ! WORLD ( MOD]N CIVILIZATION 9 ITS HA/E TO 
      GA9 A V]Y 9EQUITABLY DIVID$ MAT]IAL PROSP]ITY HAS 5TIRELY SUPPRESS$ POPUL> 
      ,>T3 OR 9 O!R WORDS ?AT ! GREAT] P>T ( ! PEOPLE HAVE NO %>E 9 
      ,>T--:I* AS ?+S N[ >E MU/ BE KEPT 9 ! H&S ( A FEW RI* OR 
      WELL-TO-DO PEOPLE1 :O WE MAY FAIRLY SAY NE$ IT LESS & NOT MORE ?AN ! 
      LABORI\S WORK]S4 
     
     

      ,NOR IS ?AT ALL ! EVIL1 NOR ! WOR/ ( IT2 = ! CAUSE ( ?IS FAM9E ( ,>T 
      IS ?AT :IL/ PEOPLE WORK ?R\<\T ! CIVILIZ$ WORLD AS LABORI\SLY AS EV] 
      !Y DID1 !Y HAVE LO/--9 LOS+ AN ,>T :I* WAS DONE BY & = ! 
      PEOPLE--! NATURAL SOLACE ( ?AT LABOR2 A SOLACE :I* !Y ONCE HAD1 & 
      ALWAYS %\LD HAVE1 ! OPPORTUNITY ( EXPRESS+ !IR [N ?\<TS TO !IR 
      FELL[S BY MEANS ( ?AT V]Y LABOR1 BY MEANS ( ?AT DAILY WORK :I* NATURE OR 
      LONG CU/OM1 A SECOND NATURE1 DOES 9DE$ REQUIRE ( !M1 BUT )\T MEAN+ ?AT 
      IT %\LD BE AN UNREW>D$ & REPULSIVE BURD54 
     
     

      ,BUT1 ?R\< A /RANGE BL9DNESS AN ]ROR 9 ! CIVILIZATION ( !SE LATT] DAYS1 
      ! WORLD'S WORK ALMO/ ALL ( IT--! WORK SOME %>E ( :I* %\LD HAVE 
      BE5 ! HELPFUL COMPANION ( EV]Y MAN--HAS BECOME EV5 SU* A BURD51 :I* 
      EV]Y MAN1 IF HE C\LD1 W\LD %AKE (F4 ,I HAVE SAID ?AT PEOPLE WORK NO LESS 
      LABORI\SLY ?AN !Y EV] DID2 BUT ,I %\LD HAVE SAID ?AT !Y WORK MORE 
      LABORI\SLY4 
     
     

      ,! WOND]FUL MA*9ES :I* 9 ! H&S ( JU/ & =ESEE+ M5 W\LD HAVE 
      BE5 US$ TO M9IMIZE REPULSIVE LABOR & TO GIVE PLEASURE--OR 9 O!R WORDS 
      ADD$ LIFE--TO ! HUMAN RACE1 HAVE BE5 SO US$ ON ! CONTR>Y ?AT !Y 
      HAVE DRIV5 ALL M5 9TO M]E FRANTIC HA/E & HURRY1 !REBY DE/ROY+ PLEASURE1 
      ?AT IS LIFE1 ON ALL H&S3 !Y HAVE 9/EAD ( LI<T5+ ! LABOR ( ! 
      WORKM51 9T5SIFI$ IT1 & !REBY ADD$ MORE WE>9ESS YET TO ! BURD5 :I* 
      ! POOR HAVE TO C>RY4 
     
     

      ,NOR CAN IT BE PLEAD$ = ! SY/EM ( MOD]N CIVILIZATION ?AT ! M]E MAT]IAL 
      OR BODILY GA9S ( IT BALANCE ! LOSS ( PLEASURE :I* IT HAS BR\<T UPON ! 
      WORLD2 = AS ,I H9T$ BE=E ?OSE GA9S HAVE BE5 SO UNFAIRLY DIVID$ ?AT ! 
      CONTRA/ BETWE5 RI* & POOR HAS BE5 FE>FULLY 9T5SIFI$1 SO ?AT 9 ALL 
      CIVILIZ$ C\NTRIES1 BUT MO/ ( ALL 9 ,5GL&1 ! T]RIBLE SPECTACLE IS 
      EXHIBIT$ ( TWO PEOPLES1 LIV+ /REET BY /REET1 & DOOR BY DOOR--PEOPLE ( 
      ! SAME BLOOD1 ! SAME TONGUE1 & AT LEA/ NOM9ALLY LIV+ UND] ! SAME 
      LAWS--BUT YET ONE CIVILIZ$ & ! O!R UNCIVILIZ$4 
     
     

      ,ALL ?IS ,I SAY IS ! RESULT ( ! SY/EM ?AT HAS TRAMPL$ D[N ,>T1 & EXALT$ 
      ,COMM]CE 9TO A SACR$ RELIGION2 & IT W\LD SEEM IS READY1 ) ! <A/LY 
      /UPIDITY :I* IS ITS PR9CIPAL *>ACT]I/IC1 TO MOCK ! ,ROMAN SATIRI/ = HIS 
      NOBLE W>N+ BY TAK+ IT 9 9V]SE MEAN+1 & N[ BIDS US ALL 0= ! SAKE ( 
      LIFE TO DE/ROY ! REASONS = LIV+40 
     
     

      ,& N[ 9 ! TEE? ( ?IS /UPID TYRANNY ,I PUT =W>D A CLAIM ON BEHALF ( 
      LABOR 5SLAV$ BY ,COMM]CE1 :I* ,I KN[ NO ?9K+ MAN CAN D5Y IS REASONABLE1 
      BUT :I* IF ACT$ ON W\LD 9VOLVE SU* A *ANGE AS W\LD DEFEAT ,COMM]CE2 ?AT 
      IS1 W\LD PUT ,ASSOCIATION 9/EAD ( ,COMPETITION1 ,SOCIAL ORD] 9/EAD ( 
      ,9DIVIDUALI/ AN>*Y4 
     
     

      ,YET ,I HAVE LOOK$ AT ?IS CLAIM BY ! LI<T ( HI/ORY & MY [N CONSCI5CE1 & 
      IT SEEMS TO ME SO LOOK$ AT TO BE A MO/ JU/ CLAIM1 & ?AT RESI/ANCE TO IT 
      MEANS NO?+ %ORT ( A D5IAL ( ! HOPE ( CIVILIZATION4 
     
     

      ,?IS !N IS ! CLAIM3 
     
     
       

,IT IS RI<T & NECESS>Y ?AT ALL M5 %\LD HAVE WORK TO DO :I* %ALL HE 
      WOR? DO+1 & BE ( ITSELF PLEASANT TO DO2 & :I* %\LD HE DONE UND] SU* 
      CONDITIONS AS W\LD MAKE IT NEI!R OV]-WE>ISOME NOR OV]-ANXI\S4 
     
     

      ,TURN ?AT CLAIM AB\T AS ,I MAY1 ?9K ( IT AS LONG AS ,I CAN1 ,I CANNOT F9D ?AT IT 
      IS AN EXORBITANT CLAIM2 YET AGA9 ,I SAY IF ,SOCIETY W\LD OR C\LD ADMIT IT1 ! 
      FACE ( ! WORLD W\LD BE *ANG$2 DISCONT5T & /RIFE & DI%ONE/Y W\LD BE 
      5D$4 ,TO FEEL ?AT WE W]E DO+ WORK USEFUL TO O!RS & PLEASANT TO \RSELVES1 
      & ?AT SU* WORK & ITS DUE REW>D C\LD NOT FAIL US6 ,:AT S]I\S H>M 
      C\LD HAPP5 TO US !N8 ,& ! PRICE TO BE PAID = SO MAK+ ! WORLD HAPPY IS 
      ,REVOLUTION3 ,SOCIALISM 9/EAD ( LAISSEZ-FAIRE4 
     
     

      ,H[ CAN WE ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES HELP TO BR+ SU* A /ATE ( ?+S AB\T2 A 
      /ATE ( ?+S AS NE>LY AS POSSIBLE ! REV]SE ( ! PRES5T /ATE ( ?+S8 
     
     

      ,! REV]SE2 NO LESS ?AN ?AT4 ,= FIR/1 ,! WORK MU/ BE WOR? DO+3 
      ?9K :AT A *ANGE ?AT W\LD MAKE 9 ! WORLD6 ,I TELL Y\ ,I FEEL DAZ$ AT ! 
      ?\<T ( ! IMM5SITY ( WORK :I* IS UND]GONE = ! MAK+ ( USELESS 
      ?+S4 
     
     

      ,IT W\LD BE AN 9/RUCTIVE DAY'S WORK = ANY ONE ( US :O IS /RONG 5\< TO 
      WALK ?R\< TWO OR ?REE ( ! PR9CIPAL /REETS ( ,LONDON ON A WEEK-DAY1 & 
      TAKE ACCURATE NOTE ( EV]Y?+ 9 ! %OP W9D[S :I* IS EMB>RASS+ OR 
      SUP]FLU\S TO ! DAILY LIFE ( A S]I\S MAN4 ,NAY1 ! MO/ ( !SE ?+S NO 
      ONE1 S]I\S OR UNS]I\S1 WANTS AT ALL2 ONLY A FOOLI% HABIT MAKES EV5 ! 
      LI<TE/-M9D$ ( US SUPPOSE ?AT HE WANTS !M1 & TO MANY PEOPLE EV5 ( ?OSE 
      :O BUY !M !Y >E OBVI\S 5CUMBRANCES TO REAL WORK1 ?\<T & PLEASURE4 ,BUT 
      ,I BEG Y\ TO ?9K ( ! 5ORM\S MASS ( M5 :O >E OCCUPI$ ) ?IS MIS]ABLE 
      TRUMP]Y1 FROM ! 5G9E]S :O HAVE HAD TO MAKE ! MA*9ES = MAK+ !M1 
      D[N TO ! HAPLESS CL]KS :O SIT DAY-LONG YE> AFT] YE> 9 ! HORRIBLE D5S 
      :]E9 ! :OLESALE EX*ANGE ( !M IS TRANSACT$1 & ! %OPM51 :O NOT 
      D>+ TO CALL !IR S\LS !IR [N1 RETAIL !M AMID NUMB]LESS 9SULTS :I* 
      !Y MU/ NOT RES5T1 TO ! IDLE PUBLIC :I* DOESN'T WANT !M BUT BUYS !M TO 
      BE BOR$ BY !M & SICK TO DEA? ( !M4 
     
     

      ,I AM TALK+ ( ! M]ELY USELESS ?+S2 BUT !RE >E O!R MATT]S NOT M]ELY 
      USELESS1 BUT ACTIVELY DE/RUCTIVE & POISON\S :I* COMM& A GOOD PRICE 9 ! 
      M>KET2 = 9/ANCE1 ADULT]AT$ FOOD & DR9K4 ,VA/ IS ! NUMB] ( SLAVES :OM 
      COMPETITIVE ,COMM]CE EMPLOYS 9 TURN+ \T 9FAMIES SU* AS !SE4 ,BUT QUITE AP>T 
      FROM !M !RE IS AN 5ORM\S MASS ( LABOR :I* IS JU/ M]ELY WA/$2 MANY 
      ?\S&S ( M5 & WOM5 MAK+ NO?+ ) T]RIBLE & 9HUMAN TOIL 
      :I* DEAD5S ! S\L & %ORT5S M]E ANIMAL LIFE ITSELF4 
     
     

      ,ALL !SE >E ! SLAVES ( :AT IS CALL$ LUXURY1 :I* 9 ! MOD]N S5SE ( ! 
      WORD COMPRISES A MASS ( %AM WEAL?1 ! 9V5TION ( COMPETITIVE ,COMM]CE1 & 
      5SLAVES NOT ONLY ! POOR PEOPLE :O >E COMPELL$ TO WORK AT ITS PRODUCTION1 BUT 
      ALSO ! FOOLI% & NOT OV]HAPPY PEOPLE :O BUY IT TO H>ASS !MSELVES ) ITS 
      5CUMBRANCE4 
     
     

      ,N[ IF WE >E TO HAVE POPUL> ,>T1 OR 9DE$ ,>T ( ANY K9D1 WE MU/ AT ONCE & 
      = ALL BE DONE ) ?IS LUXURY2 IT IS ! SUPPLANT]1 ! *ANGEL+ ( 
      ,>T2 SO MU* SO ?AT BY ?OSE :O KN[ ( NO?+ BETT] IT HAS EV5 BE5 TAK5 = 
      ,>T1 ! DIV9E SOLACE ( HUMAN LABOR1 ! ROMANCE ( EA* DAY'S H>D PRACTICE ( 
      ! DIFFICULT >T ( LIV+4 
     
     

      ,BUT ,I SAY ,>T CANNOT LIVE BESIDE IT1 NOR SELF-RESPECT 9 ANY CLASS ( LIFE4 
      ,EFFEM9ACY & BRUTALITY >E ITS COMPANIONS ON ! RI<T H& & ! LEFT4 ,?IS1 
      FIR/ ( ALL1 WE ( ! WELL-TO-DO CLASSES MU/ GET RID ( IF WE >E S]I\S 9 
      DESIR+ ! NEW BIR? ( ,>T3 & IF NOT !N CORRUPTION IS DIGG+ A T]RIBLE PIT 
      ( P]DITION = SOCIETY1 FROM :I* 9DE$ ! NEW BIR? MAY COME1 BUT SURELY FROM 
      AMID ( T]ROR1 VIOL5CE & MIS]Y4 
     
     

      ,9DE$ IF IT W]E BUT RIDD+ \RSELVES1 ! WELL-TO-DO PEOPLE1 ( ?IS M\NTA9 ( 
      RUBBI% ?AT W\LD BE SOME?+ WOR? DO+3 ?+S :I* EV]YBODY KN[S >E ( NO 
      USE2 ! V]Y CAPITALI/S KN[ WELL ?AT !RE IS NO G5U9E HEAL?Y DEM& = 
      !M1 & !Y >E COMPELL$ TO FOI/ !M (F ON ! PUBLIC BY /IRR+ UP A 
      /RANGE FEV]I% DESIRE = PETTY EXCITEM5T1 ! \TW>D TOK5 ( :I* IS KN[N 
      BY ! CONV5TIONAL NAME ( FA%ION--A /RANGE MON/] BORN ( ! VACANCY ( 
      ! LIVES ( RI* PEOPLE1 & ! EAG]NESS ( COMPETITIVE ,COMM]CE TO MAKE ! 
      MO/ ( ! HUGE CR[D ( WORKM5 :OM IT BRE$S AS UNREG>D$ 9/RUM5TS = :AT 
      IS CALL$ ! MAK+ ( MONEY4 
     
     

      ,DO NOT ?9K IT A LITTLE MATT] TO RESI/ ?IS MON/] ( FOLLY2 TO ?9K = 
      Y\RSELVES :AT Y\ Y\RSELVES REALLY DESIRE1 WILL NOT ONLY MAKE M5 & WOM5 ( 
      Y\ SO F>1 BUT MAY ALSO SET Y\ ?9K+ ( ! DUE DESIRES ( O!R PEOPLE1 S9CE 
      Y\ WILL SOON F9D :5 Y\ GET TO KN[ A WORK ( ,>T1 ?AT SLAVI% WORK IS  
      UNDESIRABLE4 
     
     

      ,& H]E FUR!RMORE IS AT LEA/ A LITTLE SIGN :]EBY TO DI/+UI% BETWE5 A RAG 
      ( FA%ION & A WORK ( ,>T3 :]EAS ! TOYS ( FA%ION :5 ! FIR/ GLOSS IS 
      WORN (F !M DO BECOME OBVI\SLY WOR?LESS EV5 TO ! FRIVOL\S--A WORK ( 
      ,>T1 BE IT EV] SO HUMBLE1 IS LONG LIV$2 WE NEV] TIRE ( IT2 AS LONG AS A SCRAP 
      HANGS TOGE!R IT IS VALUABLE & 9/RUCTIVE TO EA* NEW G5]ATION4 ,ALL WORKS ( 
      ,>T 9 %ORT HAVE ! PROP]TY ( BECOM+ V5]ABLE AMID DECAY3 & REASON GOOD1 
      = FROM ! FIR/ !RE WAS A S\L 9 !M1 ! ?\<T ( MAN1 :I* WILL BE 
      VISIBLE 9 !M SO LONG AS ! BODY EXI/S 9 :I* !Y W]E IMPLANT$4 
     
     

      ,& ?AT LA/ S5T5CE BR+S ME TO CONSID]+ ! O!R SIDE ( ! NECESSITY = 
      LABOR ONLY OCCUPY+ ITSELF 9 MAK+ GOODS ?AT >E WOR? MAK+4 ,HI!RTO WE 
      HAVE BE5 ?9K+ ( IT ONLY FROM ! US]'S PO9T ( VIEW2 EV5 SO LOOK$ AT IT 
      WAS SURELY IMPORTANT 5\<2 YET FROM ! O!R SIDE--AS TO ! 
      PRODUC]--IT IS F> MORE IMPORTANT /ILL4 
     
     

      ,= ,I SAY AGA9 ?AT 9 BUY+ !SE ?+S 
     
     
       

',TIS ! LIVES ( M5 Y\ BUY6 
     
     

      ,WILL Y\ FROM M]E FOLLY & ?\<TLESSNESS MAKE Y\RSELVES P>TAK]S ( ! GUILT 
      ( ?OSE :O COMPEL !IR FELL[ M5 TO LABOR USELESSLY8 
     
     

      ,= :5 ,I SAID IT WAS NECESS>Y = ALL ?+S MADE TO BE WOR? MAK+1 ,I SET UP 
      ?AT CLAIM *IEFLY ON BEHALF ( ,LABOR2 S9CE ! WA/E ( MAK+ USELESS 
      ?+S GRIEVES ! WORKMAN D\BLY4 ,AS P>T ( ! PUBLIC HE IS =C$ 9TO 
      BUY+ !M1 & ! MORE P>T ( HIS MIS]ABLE WAGES >E SQUEEZ$ \T ( HIM BY AN 
      UNIV]SAL K9D ( TRUCK SY/EM2 AS ONE ( ! PRODUC]S HE IS =C$ 9TO 
      MAK+ !M1 & SO 9TO LOS+ ! V]Y F\NDATIONS ( ?AT PLEASURE 9 DAILY WORK 
      :I* ,I CLAIM AS HIS BIR?RI<T2 HE IS COMPELL$ TO LABOR JOYLESSLY AT MAK+ ! 
      POISON :I* ! TRUCK SY/EM COMPELS HIM TO BUY4 ,SO ?AT ! HUGE MASS ( M5 :O 
      >E COMPELL$ BY FOLLY & GRE$ TO MAKE H>MFUL & USELESS ?+S >E SACRIFIC$ 
      TO ,SOCIETY4 ,I SAY ?AT ?IS W\LD BE T]RIBLE & UN5DURABLE EV5 ?\< !Y W]E 
      SACRIFIC$ TO ! GOOD ( ,SOCIETY--IF ?AT W]E POSSIBLE2 BUT IF !Y >E 
      SACRIFIC$ NOT = ! WELF>E ( ,SOCIETY BUT = ITS :IMS1 TO ADD TO ITS 
      DEGRADATION1 :AT DO LUXURY & FA%ION LOOK LIKE !N8 ,ON ONE SIDE RU9\S & 
      WE>ISOME WA/E LEAD+ ?R\< CORRUPTION TO CORRUPTION ON TO COMPLETE CYNICISM AT 
      LA/1 & ! DIS9TEGRATION ( ALL ,SOCIETY2 & ON ! O!R SIDE--IMPLACABLE 
      OPPRESSION DE/RUCTIVE ( ALL PLEASURE & HOPE 9 LIFE1 & 
      LEAD+--:I!RW>D8 
     
     

      ,H]E !N IS ONE ?+ = US ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES TO DO BE=E WE CAN CLE> ! 
      GR\ND = ! NEW BIR? ( ,>T1 BE=E WE CAN CLE> \R [N CONSCI5CES ( ! 
      GUILT ( 5SLAV+ M5 BY !IR LABOR4 ,ONE ?+2 & IF WE C\LD DO IT 
      P]HAPS ?AT ONE ?+ W\LD BE 5\<1 & ALL O!R HEAL?Y *ANGES W\LD FOLL[ 
      IT2 BUT CAN WE DO IT8 ,CAN WE ESCAPE FROM ! CORRUPTION ( ,SOCIETY :I* ?REAT5S 
      US8 ,CAN ! MIDDLE CLASSES REG5]ATE !MSELVES8 
     
     

      ,AT FIR/ SI<T ONE W\LD SAY ?AT A BODY ( PEOPLE SO P[]FUL1 :O HAVE BUILT UP 
      ! GIGANTIC $IFICE ( MOD]N ,COMM]CE1 :OSE SCI5CE1 9V5TION & 5]GY HAVE 
      SUBDU$ ! =CES ( NATURE TO S]VE !IR EV]YDAY PURPOSES1 & :O GUIDE ! 
      ORGANIZATION ?AT KEEPS !SE NATURAL P[]S 9 SUBJECTION 9 A WAY ALMO/ 
      MIRACUL\S2 AT FIR/ SI<T ONE W\LD SAY SURELY SU* A MI<TY MASS ( WEAL?Y M5 
      C\LD DO ANY?+ !Y PLEASE4 
     
     

      ,& YET ,I D\BT IT3 !IR [N CREATION1 ! ,COMM]CE !Y >E SO PR\D (1 HAS 
      BECOME !IR MA/]2 & ALL WE ( ! WELL-TO-DO CLASSES--SOME ( US ) 
      TRIUMPHANT GLEE1 SOME ) DULL SATISFACTION1 & SOME ) SADNESS ( 
      HE>T-->E COMPELL$ TO ADMIT NOT ?AT ,COMM]CE WAS MADE = MAN1 BUT ?AT MAN 
      WAS MADE = ,COMM]CE4 
     
     

      ,ON ALL SIDES WE >E =C$ TO ADMIT IT4 ,!RE >E ( ! ,5GLI% MIDDLE CLASS 
      TO-DAY1 = 9/ANCE1 M5 ( ! HI<E/ ASPIRATIONS T[>DS ,>T1 & ( ! 
      /RONGE/ WILL2 M5 :O >E MO/ DEEPLY CONV9C$ ( ! NECESSITY TO CIVILIZATION 
      ( SURR\ND+ M5'S LIVES ) BEAUTY2 & MANY LESS] M51 ?\S&S = :AT ,I 
      KN[1 REF9$ & CULTIVAT$1 FOLL[ !M & PRAISE !IR OP9IONS3 BUT BO? ! 
      LEAD]S & ! L$ >E 9CAPABLE ( SAV+ SO MU* AS HALF A DOZ5 COMMONS FROM 
      ! GRASP ( 9EXORABLE ,COMM]CE3 !Y >E AS HELPLESS 9 SPITE ( !IR CULTURE 
      & !IR G5IUS AS IF !Y W]E JU/ SO MANY OV]WORK$ %OEMAK]S3 LESS LUCKY 
      ?AN ,K+ ,MIDAS1 \R GRE5 FIELDS & CLE> WAT]S1 NAY ! V]Y AIR WE BREA! >E 
      TURN$ NOT TO GOLD 7:I* MI<T PLEASE SOME ( US = AN H\R MAY BE7 BUT TO DIRT2 
      & TO SPEAK PLA9LY WE KN[ FULL WELL ?AT UND] ! PRES5T GOSPEL ( ,CAPITAL NOT 
      ONLY !RE IS NO HOPE ( BETT]+ IT1 HUT ?AT ?+S GR[ WORSE YE> BY YE>1 DAY 
      BY DAY4 ,LET US EAT & DR9K1 = TO-MORR[ WE DIE--*OK$ BY FIL?4 
     
     

      ,OR LET ME GIVE Y\ A DIRECT EXAMPLE ( ! SLAV]Y TO COMPETITIVE ,COMM]CE1 9 
      :I* WE HAPLESS FOLK ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES LIVE4 ,I HAVE EXHORT$ Y\ TO ! 
      PUTT+ AWAY ( LUXURY1 TO ! /RIPP+ Y\RSELVES ( USELESS 5CUMBRANCES1 TO ! 
      SIMPLIFICATION ( LIFE1 & ,I BELIEVE ?AT !RE >E NOT A FEW ( Y\ ?AT HE>TILY 
      AGREE ) ME ON ?AT PO9T4 ,WELL1 ,I HAVE LONG ?\<T ?AT ONE ( ! MO/ 
      REVOLT+ CIRCUM/ANCES ?AT CL+ TO \R PRES5T CLASS-SY/EM1 IS ! RELATION 
      BETWE5 US1 ( ! WELL-TO-DO1 & \R DOME/IC S]VANTS3 WE & \R S]VANTS LIVE 
      TOGE!R UND] ONE RO(1 BUT >E LITTLE BETT] ?AN /RANG]S TO EA* O!R1 9 
      SPITE ( ! GOOD NATURE & GOOD FEEL+ ?AT (T5 EXI/S ON BO? SIDES3 NAY 
      /RANG]S IS A MILD WORD2 ?\< WE >E ( ! SAME BLOOD1 B\ND BY ! SAME LAWS1 
      WE LIVE TOGE!R LIKE PEOPLE ( DIFF]5T TRIBES4 ,N[ ?9K H[ ?IS WORKS ON ! 
      JOB ( GETT+ ?R\< ! ORD9>Y DAY'S WORK ( A H\SEHOLD1 & :E!R \R 
      LIVES CAN BE SIMPLIFI$ :ILE SU* A SY/EM LA/S4 ,TO GO NO FUR!R1 Y\ :O >E 
      H\SEKEEP]S KN[ FULL WELL 7AS ,I MYSELF DO1 S9CE ,I HAVE LE>N$ ! USEFUL >T ( 
      COOK+ A D9N]7 H[ IT W\LD SIMPLIFY ! DAY'S WORK1 IF ! *IEF MEALS C\LD BE 
      EAT5 9 COMMON2 IF !RE HAD NOT GOT TO BE D\BLE MEALS1 ONE UP/AIRS1 ANO!R 
      D[N /AIRS4 ,& AGA91 SURELY WE ( ?IS $UCATIONAL C5TURY1 CANNOT BE IGNORANT 
      ( :AT AN $UCATION IT W\LD BE = ! LESS REF9$ MEMB]S ( A H\SEHOLD TO 
      MEET ON COMMON EASY T]MS ! MORE REF9$ ONCE A DAY1 AT LEA/2 TO NOTE ! 
      ELEGANT MANN]S ( WELL-BR$ LADIES1 TO GIVE & TAKE 9 TALK ) LE>N$ & 
      TRAVEL$ M51 ) M5 ( ACTION & IMAG9ATION3 BELIEVE ME ?AT W\LD BEAT 
      ELEM5T>Y $UCATION4 
     
     

      ,FUR!RMORE ?IS MATT] CLEAVES CLOSE TO \R SUBJECT ( ,>T3 = NOTE1 AS A TOK5 
      ( ?IS /UPIDITY ( \R %AM CIVILIZATION1 :AT FOOLI% RABBIT W>R5S \R 
      WELL-TO-DO H\SES >E OBLIG$ TO BE2 9/EAD ( BE+ PLANN$ 9 ! RATIONAL 
      ANCI5T WAY :I* WAS US$ FROM ! TIME ( ,HOM] TO PA/ ! TIME ( ,*AUC]1 A 
      BIG HALL1 TO WIT1 ) A FEW *AMB]S TACK$ ON TO IT = SLEEP+ OR SULK+ 94 
      ,NO WOND] \R H\SES >E CRAMP$ & IGNOBLE :5 ! LIVES LIV$ 9 !M >E 
      CRAMP$ & IGNOBLE ALSO4 
     
     

      ,WELL1 & :Y DON'T WE :O HAVE ?\<T ( ?IS1 AS ,I AM SURE MANY ( US HAVE1 
      *ANGE ?IS MEAN & %ABBY CU/OM1 SIMPLIFY+ \R LIVES !REBY & $UCAT+ \R 
      FRI5DS1 TO :OSE TOIL WE [E SO MANY COM=TS8 ,:Y DO NOT Y\--& 
      ,I--SET AB\T DO+ ?IS TO-MORR[8 
     
     

      ,BECAUSE WE CANNOT2 BECAUSE \R S]VANTS W\LDN'T HAVE IT1 KN[+1 AS WE 
      KN[1 ?AT BO? P>TIES W\LD BE MADE MIS]ABLE BY IT4 
     
     

      ,! CIVILIZATION ( ! N9ETE5? C5TURY =BIDS US TO %>E ! REF9EM5T ( A 
      H\SEHOLD AMONG ITS MEMB]S6 
     
     

      ,SO Y\ SEE1 IF WE MIDDLE-CLASS PEOPLE BELONG TO A P[]FUL FOLK1 & 9 GOOD SOO? 
      WE DO1 WE >E BUT PLAY+ A P>T PLAY$ 9 MANY A TALE ( ! WORLD'S HI/ORY3 WE 
      >E GREAT BUT HAPLESS2 WE >E IMPORTANT DIGNIFI$ PEOPLE1 BUT BOR$ TO DEA?2 WE 
      HAVE B\<T \R P[] AT PRICE ( \R LIB]TY & \R PLEASURE4 
     
     

      ,SO ,I SAY 9 ANSW] TO ! QUE/ION ,CAN WE PUT LUXURY FROM US & LIVE SIMPLE & 
      DEC5T LIVES8 ,YES1 :5 WE >E FREE FROM ! SLAV]Y ( ,CAPITALI/ ,COMM]CE2 BUT 
      NOT BE=E4 
     
     

      ,SURELY !RE >E SOME ( Y\ :O LONG TO BE FREE2 :O HAVE BE5 $UCAT$ & 
      REF9$1 & HAD Y\R P]CEPTIONS ( BEAUTY & ORD] QUICK5$ ONLY ?AT !Y 
      MI<T BE %OCK$ & W\ND$ AT EV]Y TURN1 BY ! BRUTALITIES ( COMPETITIVE 
      ,COMM]CE2 :O HAVE BE5 SO HUNT$ & DRIV5 BY IT ?AT1 ?\< Y\ >E WELL-TO-DO1 
      RI* EV5 MAY BE1 Y\ HAVE N[ NO?+ TO LOSE FROM SOCIAL REVOLUTION3 LOVE ( ,>T1 
      ?AT IS TO SAY ( ! TRUE PLEASURE ( LIFE1 HAS BR\<T Y\ TO ?IS1 ?AT Y\ MU/ 
      ?R[ 9 Y\R LOT ) ?AT ( ! WAGE-SLAVE ( COMPETITIVE ,COMM]CE2 Y\ & HE 
      MU/ HELP EA* O!R & HAVE ONE HOPE 9 COMMON1 OR Y\ AT ANY RATE WILL LIVE & 
      DIE HOPELESS & UNHELP$4 ,Y\ :O LONG TO BE SET FREE FROM ! OPPRESSION ( ! 
      MONEY GRUBB]S1 HOPE = ! DAY :5 Y\ WILL BE COMPELL$ TO BE FREE6 
     
     

      ,MEAN:ILE IF O!RWISE ?AT OPPRESSION HAS LEFT SC>CE ANY WORK TO DO WOR? DO+1 
      ONE ?+ AT LEA/ IS LEFT US TO /RIVE =1 ! RAIS+ ( ! /&>D ( LIFE 
      :]E IT IS L[E/1 :]E IT IS L[3 ?AT WILL PUT A SPOKE 9 ! :EEL ( ! 
      TRIUMPHANT C> ( COMPETITIVE ,COMM]CE4 
     
     

      ,NOR CAN ,I CONCEIVE ( ANY?+ MORE LIKELY TO RAISE ! /&>D ( LIFE ?AN ! 
      CONV9C+ SOME ?\S&S ( ?OSE :O LIVE BY LABOR1 ( ! NECESSITY ( !IR 
      SUPPORT+ ! SECOND P>T ( ! CLAIM ,I HAVE MADE = ,LABOR2 NAMELY ,?AT 
      !IR WORK %\LD BE ( ITSELF PLEASANT TO DO4 ,IF WE C\LD BUT CONV9CE !M 
      ?AT SU* A /RANGE REVOLUTION 9 ,LABOR AS ?IS W\LD BE ( 9F9ITE B5EFIT NOT 
      TO !M ONLY1 BUT TO ALL M52 & ?AT IT IS SO RI<T & NATURAL ?AT = ! 
      REV]SE TO BE ! CASE1 ?AT MO/ M5'S WORK %\LD BE GRIEV\S TO !M1 IS A M]E 
      MON/ROSITY ( !SE LATT] DAYS1 :I* MU/ 9 ! LONG RUN BR+ RU9 & 
      CONFUSION ON ! ,SOCIETY ?AT ALL[S IT--,IF WE C\LD BUT CONV9CE !M1 !N 
      9DE$ !RE W\LD BE *ANCE ( ! PHRASE ,>T ( ! ,PEOPLE BE+ 
      SOME?+ MORE ?AN A M]E WORD4 
     
     

      ,AT FIR/ SI<T1 9DE$1 IT W\LD SEEM IMPOSSIBLE TO MAKE M5 BORN UND] ! PRES5T 
      SY/EM ( ,COMM]CE UND]/& ?AT LABOR MAY BE A BLESS+ TO !M3 NOT 9 ! 
      S5SE 9 :I* ! PHRASE IS SOMETIMES PREA*$ TO !M BY ?OSE :OSE LABOR IS 
      LI<T & EASILY EVAD$3 NOT AS A NECESS>Y TASK LAID BY NATURE ON ! POOR = ! 
      B5EFIT ( ! RI*2 NOT AS AN OPIATE TO DULL !IR S5SE ( RI<T & WRONG1 TO 
      MAKE !M SIT D[N QUIETLY UND] !IR BURD5S TO ! 5D ( TIME1 BLESS+ ! 
      SQUIRE & HIS RELATIONS3 ALL ?IS !Y C\LD UND]/& \R SAY+ TO !M EASILY 
      5\<1 & SOMETIMES W\LD LI/5 TO IT ,I FE> ) AT LEA/ A %[ ( 
      COMPLAC5CY--IF !Y ?\<T !RE W]E ANY?+ TO BE MADE \T ( US !REBY4 
      ,BUT ! TRUE DOCTR9E ?AT LABOR %\LD BE A REAL TANGIBLE BLESS+ 9 ITSELF TO 
      ! WORK+ MAN1 A PLEASURE EV5 AS SLEEP & /RONG DR9K >E TO HIM N[3 ?IS ONE 
      MI<T ?9K IT H>D 9DE$ = HIM TO UND]/&1 SO DIFF]5T AS IT IS TO ANY?+ 
      :I* HE HAS F\ND LABOR TO BE4 
     
     

      ,NEV]!LESS ?\< MO/ M5'S WORK IS ONLY BORNE AS A NECESS>Y EVIL LIKE 
      SICKNESS1 MY EXP]I5CE AS F> AS IT GOES IS1 ?AT :E!R IT BE FROM A C]TA9 
      SACR$NESS 9 H&IWORK :I* DOES CLEAVE TO IT EV5 UND] ! WOR/ CIRCUM/ANCES1 
      OR :E!R IT BE ?AT ! POOR MAN :O IS DRIV5 BY NECESSITY TO DEAL ) ?+S 
      :I* >E T]RIBLY REAL1 :5 HE ?9KS AT ALL ON SU* MATT]S1 ?9KS LESS 
      CONV5TIONALLY ?AN ! RI*2 :ATEV] IT MAY BE1 MY EXP]I5CE SO F> IS ?AT ! 
      WORK+ MAN F9DS IT EASI] TO UND]/& ! DOCTR9E ( ! CLAIM ( ,LABOR TO 
      PLEASURE 9 ! WORK ITSELF ?AN ! RI* OR WELL-TO-DO MAN DOES4 ,AP>T FROM ANY 
      TRIVIAL WORDS ( MY [N1 ,I HAVE BE5 SURPRIS$ TO F9D1 = 9/ANCE1 SU* A HE>TY 
      FEEL+ T[>D ,JOHN ,RUSK9 AMONG WORK+-CLASS AUDI5CES3 !Y CAN SEE ! PROPHET 
      9 HIM RA!R ?AN ! FANTA/IC RHETORICIAN1 AS MORE SUP]F9E AUDI5CES DO4 
     
     

      ,?AT IS A GOOD OM51 ,I ?9K1 = ! $UCATION ( TIMES TO COME4 ,BUT WE :O 
      SOMEH[ >E SO TA9T$ BY CYNICISM1 BECAUSE ( \R HELPLESSNESS 9 ! UGLY WORLD 
      :I* SURR\NDS & PRESSES ON US1 CANNOT WE SOMEH[ RAISE \R [N HOPES AT LEA/ 
      TO ! PO9T ( ?9K+ ?AT :AT HOPE GLIMM]S ON ! MILLIONS ( ! SLAVES ( 
      ,COMM]CE IS SOME?+ BETT] ?AN A M]E DELUSION1 ! FALSE DAWN ( A CL\DY 
      MIDNI<T ) :I* 'TIS ONLY ! MOON ?AT /RUGGLES8 ,LET US CALL TO M9D ?AT 
      !RE YET REMA9 MONUM5TS 9 ! WORLD :I* %[ US ?AT ALL HUMAN LABOR WAS NOT 
      ALWAYS A GRIEF & A BURD5 TO M54 ,LET US ?9K ( ! MI<TY & LOVELY 
      >*ITECTURE1 = 9/ANCE1 ( M$I8VAL ,EUROPE3 ( ! BUILD+S RAIS$ BE=E 
      ,COMM]CE HAD PUT ! COP+ /ONE ON ! $IFICE ( TYRANNY BY ! DISCOV]Y ?AT 
      FANCY1 IMAG9ATION1 S5TIM5T1 ! JOY ( CREATION & ! HOPE ( FAIR FAME >E 
      M>KETABLE >TICLES TOO PRECI\S TO BE ALL[$ TO M5 :O HAVE NOT ! MONEY TO BUY 
      !M1 TO M]E H&ICRAFTSM5 & DAY LABOR]S4 ,LET US REMEMB] !RE WAS A TIME 
      :5 M5 HAD PLEASURE 9 !IR DAILY WORK1 BUT YET AS TO O!R MATT]S HOP$ = 
      LI<T & FRE$OM EV5 AS !Y DO N[3 !IR DIM HOPE GREW BRI<T]1 & !Y 
      WAT*$ ITS SEEM+ FULFILLM5T DRAW+ NE>] & NE>]1 & GAZ$ SO EAG]LY ON 
      IT ?AT !Y DID NOT NOTE H[ ! EV] WAT*FUL FOE1 OPPRESSION1 HAD *ANG$ HIS 
      %APE & WAS /EAL+ FROM !M :AT !Y HAD ALREADY GA9$ 9 ! DAYS :5 ! 
      LI<T ( !IR NEW HOPE WAS BUT A FEEBLE GLIMM]2 SO !Y LO/ ! OLD GA91 & 
      = LACK ( IT ! NEW GA9 WAS *ANG$ & SPOIL$ = !M 9TO SOME?+ NOT 
      MU* BETT] ?AN LOSS4 
     
     

      ,BETWIXT ! DAYS 9 :I* WE N[ LIVE & ! 5D ( ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES1 ,EUROPE HAS 
      GA9$ FRE$OM ( ?\<T1 9CREASE ( KN[L$GE1 & HUGE TAL5T = DEAL+ ) 
      ! MAT]IAL =CES ( NATURE2 COMP>ATIVE POLITICAL FRE$OM )AL & RESPECT = 
      ! LIVES ( CIVILIZ$ M51 & O!R GA9S ?AT GO ) !SE ?+S3 
      NEV]!LESS ,I SAY DELIB]ATELY ?AT IF ! PRES5T /ATE ( ,SOCIETY IS TO 5DURE1 
      %E HAS B\<T !SE GA9S AT TOO HI< A PRICE 9 ! LOSS ( ! PLEASURE 9 DAILY 
      WORK :I* ONCE DID C]TA9LY SOLACE ! MASS ( M5 = !IR FE>S & 
      OPPRESSIONS3 ! DEA? ( ,>T WAS TOO HI< A PRICE TO PAY = ! MAT]IAL 
      PROSP]ITY ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES4 
     
     

      ,GRIEV\S 9DE$ IT WAS1 ?AT WE C\LD NOT KEEP BO? \R H&S FULL1 ?AT WE W]E 
      =C$ TO SPILL FROM ONE :ILE WE GA!R$ ) ! O!R3 YET TO MY M9D IT IS 
      MORE GRIEV\S /ILL TO BE UNCONSCI\S ( ! LOSS2 OR BE+ DIMLY CONSCI\S ( IT 
      TO HAVE TO =CE \RSELVES TO =GET IT & TO CRY \T ?AT ALL IS WELL4 
     
     

      ,=1 ?\< ALL IS NOT WELL1 ,I KN[ ?AT M5'S NATURES >E NOT SO *ANG$ 9 ?REE 
      C5TURIES ?AT WE CAN SAY TO ALL ! ?\S&S ( YE>S :I* W5T BE=E !M2 ,Y\ 
      W]E WRONG TO *]I% ,>T1 & N[ WE HAVE F\ND \T ?AT ALL M5 NE$ IS FOOD & 
      RAIM5T & %ELT]1 ) A SMATT]+ ( KN[L$GE ( ! MAT]IAL FA%ION ( ! 
      UNIV]SE4 ,CREATION IS NO LONG] A NE$ ( MAN'S S\L1 HIS RI<T H& MAY =GET ITS 
      CUNN+1 & HE BE NONE ! WORSE = IT4 
     
     

      ,?REE HUNDR$ YE>S1 A DAY 9 ! LAPSE ( AGES1 HAS NOT *ANG$ MAN'S NATURE ?US 
      UTT]LY1 BE SURE ( ?AT3 ONE DAY WE %ALL W9 BACK ,>T1 ?AT IS TO SAY ! 
      PLEASURE ( LIFE2 W9 BACK ,>T AGA9 TO \R DAILY LABOR4 ,:]E IS ! HOPE !N1 
      Y\ MAY SAY2 ,%[ IT US4 
     
     

      ,!RE LIES ! HOPE1 :]E HOPE ( OLD DECEIV$ US4 ,WE GAVE UP ,>T = :AT WE 
      ?\<T WAS LI<T & FRE$OM1 BUT IT WAS LESS ?AN LI<T & FRE$OM :I* WE 
      B\<T3 ! LI<T %[$ MANY ?+S TO ?OSE ( ! WELL-TO-DO :O C>$ TO LOOK 
      = !M3 ! FRE$OM LEFT ! WELL-TO-DO FREE 5\< IF !Y C>$ TO USE !IR 
      FRE$OM2 BUT !SE W]E FEW AT ! BE/3 TO ! MO/ ( M5 ! LI<T %[$ !M 
      ?AT !Y NE$ LOOK = HOPE NO MORE1 & ! FRE$OM LEFT ! MO/ ( M5 
      FREE--TO TAKE AT A WRET*$ WAGE :AT SLAVE'S WORK LAY NE>E/ TO !M OR 
      />VE4 
     
     

      ,!RE IS \R HOPE1 ,I SAY4 ,IF ! B>GA9 HAD BE5 REALLY FAIR1 COMPLETE ALL R\ND1 
      !N W]E !RE NAU<T ELSE TO DO BUT TO BURY ,>T1 & =GET ! BEAUTY ( LIFE3 
      BUT N[ ! CAUSE ( ,>T HAS SOME?+ ELSE TO APPEAL TO3 NO LESS ?AN ! HOPE ( 
      ! PEOPLE = ! HAPPY LIFE :I* HAS NOT YET BE5 GRANT$ TO !M4 ,!RE IS \R 
      HOPE3 ! CAUSE ( ,>T IS ! CAUSE ( ! PEOPLE4 
     
     

      ,?9K ( A PIECE ( HI/ORY1 & SO HOPE6 ,TIME WAS :5 ! RULE ( ,ROME HELD ! 
      :OLE WORLD ( CIVILIZATION 9 ITS POISON\S EMBRACE4 ,TO ALL M5--EV5 ! 
      BE/1 AS Y\ MAY SEE 9 ! V]Y GOSPELS--?AT RULE SEEM$ DOOM$ TO LA/ = 
      EV]3 NOR TO ?OSE :O DWELT UND] IT WAS !RE ANY WORLD WOR? ?9K+ ( BEYOND 
      IT3 BUT ! DAYS PASS$ & ?\< NONE SAW A %AD[ ( ! COM+ *ANGE1 IT CAME 
      NONE ! LESS1 LIKE A ?IEF 9 ! NI<T1 & ! ,B>B>IANS1 ! WORLD 
      :I* LAY \TSIDE ! RULE ( ,ROME1 W]E UPON H]2 & M5 BL9D ) T]ROR 
      LAM5T$ ! *ANGE & DEEM$ ! WORLD UNDONE BY ! ,FURY ( ! ,NOR?4 ,BUT EV5 
      ?AT FURY BORE ) IT ?+S LONG /RANGE TO ,ROME1 :I* ONCE HAD BE5 ! FOOD 
      ITS GLORY F$ ON3 HATR$ ( LIES1 SCORN ( RI*ES1 CONTEMPT ( DEA?1 FAI? 9 ! 
      FAIR FAME WON BY /EADFA/ 5DURANCE1 HONORABLE LOVE ( WOM5--ALL !SE 
      ?+S ! ,NOR!RN ,FURY BORE ) IT1 AS ! M\NTA9 TORR5T BE>S ! GOLD2 & 
      SO ,ROME FELL & ,EUROPE ROSE1 & ! HOPE ( ! WORLD WAS BORN AGA94 
     
     

      ,TO ?OSE ?AT HAVE HE>TS TO UND]/&1 ?IS TALE ( ! PA/ IS A P>ABLE ( ! 
      DAYS TO COME2 ( ! *ANGE 9 /ORE = US HIDD5 9 ! BREA/ ( ! ,B>B>ISM 
      ( CIVILIZATION--! ,PROLET>IAT2 & WE ( ! MIDDLE CLASS1 ! /R5G? ( 
      ! MI<TY BUT MON/R\S SY/EM ( COMPETITIVE ,COMM]CE1 IT BEHOOVES US TO CLE> \R 
      S\LS ( GRE$ & C[>DICE & TO FACE ! *ANGE :I* IS N[ ONCE MORE ON ! 
      ROAD2 TO SEE ! GOOD & ! HOPE IT BE>S ) IT AMID ALL ITS ?REATS ( 
      VIOL5CE1 AMID ALL ITS UGL9ESS1 :I* WAS NOT BORN ( ITSELF BUT ( ?AT :I* 
      IT IS DOOM$ TO DE/ROY4 
     
     

      ,N[ ONCE MORE ,I WILL SAY ?AT WE WELL-TO-DO PEOPLE1 ?OSE ( US :O LOVE ,>T1 NOT 
      AS A TOY1 BUT AS A ?+ NECESS>Y TO ! LIFE ( MAN1 AS A TOK5 ( HIS FRE$OM 
      & HAPP9ESS1 HAVE = \R BE/ WORK ! RAIS+ ( ! /&>D ( LIFE AMONG ! 
      PEOPLE2 OR 9 O!R WORDS E/ABLI%+ ! CLAIM ,I MADE = ,LABOR-:I* ,I WILL N[ 
      PUT 9 A DIFF]5T =M1 ?AT WE MAY TRY TO SEE :AT *IEFLY H9D]S US FROM MAK+ 
      ?AT CLAIM GOOD & :AT >E ! 5EMIES TO BE ATTACK$4 ,?US ,I PUT ! CLAIM 
      AGA93 
     
     
       

,NO?+ %\LD BE MADE BY MAN'S LABOR :I* IS NOT WOR? MAK+2 OR :I* MU/ 
      BE MADE BY LABOR DEGRAD+ TO ! MAK]S4 
     
     

      ,SIMPLE AS ?AT PROPOSITION IS1 & OBVI\SLY RI<T AS ,I AM SURE IT MU/ SEEM TO 
      Y\1 Y\ WILL F9D1 :5 Y\ COME TO CONSID] ! MATT]1 ?AT IT IS A DIRECT 
      *ALL5GE TO ! DEA? TO ! PRES5T SY/EM ( LABOR 9 CIVILIZ$ C\NTRIES4 ,?AT 
      SY/EM1 :I* ,I HAVE CALL$ COMPETITIVE ,COMM]CE1 IS DI/9CTLY A SY/EM ( W>2 
      ?AT IS ( WA/E & DE/RUCTION3 OR Y\ MAY CALL IT GAMBL+ IF Y\ WILL1 ! 
      PO9T ( IT BE+ ?AT UND] IT :ATEV] A MAN GA9S HE GA9S AT ! EXP5SE ( 
      SOME O!R MAN'S LOSS4 ,SU* A SY/EM DOES NOT & CANNOT HE$ :E!R ! MATT]S 
      IT MAKES >E WOR? MAK+2 IT DOES NOT & CANNOT HE$ :E!R ?OSE :O MAKE !M 
      >E DEGRAD$ BY !IR WORK3 IT HE$S ONE ?+ & ONLY ONE1 NAMELY1 :AT IT CALLS 
      MAK+ A PR(IT2 :I* WORD HAS GOT TO BE US$ SO CONV5TIONALLY ?AT ,I MU/ 
      EXPLA9 TO Y\ :AT IT REALLY MEANS1 TO WIT ! PLUND] ( ! WEAK BY ! /RONG6 
      ,N[ ,I SAY ( ?IS SY/EM1 ?AT IT ,I IS ( ITS V]Y NATURE DE/RUCTIVE ( ,>T1 ?AT 
      IS TO SAY ( ! HAPP9ESS ( LIFE4 ,:ATEV] CONSID]ATION IS %[N = ! LIFE ( 
      ! PEOPLE 9 !SE DAYS1 :ATEV] IS DONE :I* IS WOR? DO+1 IS DONE 9 SPITE 
      ( ! SY/EM & 9 ! TEE? ( ITS MAXIMS2 & MO/ TRUE IT IS ?AT WE DO1 ALL 
      ( US1 TACITLY AT LEA/1 ADMIT ?AT IT IS OPPOS$ TO ALL ! HI<E/ ASPIRATIONS ( 
      MANK9D4 
     
     

      ,DO WE NOT KN[1 = 9/ANCE1 H[ ?OSE M5 ( G5IUS WORK :O >E ! SALT ( ! 
      E>?1 )\T :OM ! CORRUPTION ( SOCIETY W\LD LONG AGO HAVE BECOME 
      UN5DURABLE8 ,! POET1 ! >TI/1 ! MAN ( SCI5CE1 IS IT NOT TRUE ?AT 9 !IR 
      FRE% & GLORI\S DAYS1 :5 !Y >E 9 ! HEYDAY ( !IR FAI? & 5?USIASM1 
      !Y >E ?W>T$ AT EV]Y TURN BY ,COMM]CIAL W>1 ) ITS SNE]+ QUE/ION 0,WILL 
      IT PAY80 ,IS IT NOT TRUE ?AT :5 !Y BEG9 TO W9 WORLDLY SUCCESS1 :5 !Y 
      BECOME COMP>ATIVELY RI*1 9 SPITE ( \RSELVES !Y SEEM TO US TA9T$ BY ! 
      CONTACT ) ! COMM]CIAL WORLD8 
     
     

      ,NE$ ,I SPEAK ( GREAT S*EMES ?AT HANG AB\T NEGLECT$2 ( ?+S MO/ NECESS>Y 
      TO BE DONE1 & SO CONFESS$ BY ALL M51 ?AT NO ONE CAN S]I\SLY SET A H& TO 
      BECAUSE ( ! LACK ( MONEY2 :ILE IF IT BE A QUE/ION ( CREAT+ OR /IMULAT+ 
      SOME FOOLI% :IM 9 ! PUBLIC M9D1 ! SATISFACTION ( :I* WILL BRE$ A 
      PR(IT1 ! MONEY WILL COME 9 BY ! TON4 ,NAY1 Y\ KN[ :AT AN OLD /ORY IT IS ( 
      ! W>S BR$ BY ,COMM]CE 9 SE>* ( NEW M>KETS1 :I* NOT EV5 ! MO/ 
      PEACEABLE ( /ATESM5 CAN RESI/2 AN OLD /ORY & /ILL IT SEEMS = EV] NEW1 
      & N[ BECOME A K9D ( GRIM JOKE1 AT :I* ,I W\LD RA!R NOT LAU< IF ,I C\LD 
      HELP IT1 BUT AM EV5 =C$ TO LAU< FROM A S\L LAD5 ) ANG]4 
     
     

      ,& ALL ?AT MA/]Y OV] ! P[]S ( NATURE :I* ! LA/ HUNDR$ YE>S OR LESS 
      HAS GIV5 US3 :AT HAS IT DONE = US UND] ?IS SY/EM8 ,9 ! OP9ION ( ,JOHN 
      ,/U>T ,MILL1 IT WAS D\BTFUL IF ALL ! ME*ANICAL 9V5TIONS ( MOD]N TIMES HAVE 
      DONE ANY?+ TO LI<T5 ! TOIL ( LABOR3 BE SURE !RE IS NO D\BT1 ?AT !Y 
      W]E NOT MADE = ?AT 5D1 BUT TO 0MAKE A PR(IT40 ,?OSE ALMO/ MIRACUL\S 
      MA*9ES1 :I* IF ORD]LY =E?\<T HAD DEALT ) !M MI<T EV5 N[ BE 
      SPE$ILY EXT+UI%+ ALL IRKSOME & UN9TELLIG5T LABOR1 LEAV+ US FREE TO 
      RAISE ! /&>D ( SKILL ( H& & 5]GY ( M9D 9 \R WORKM51 & TO 
      PRODUCE AFRE% ?AT LOVEL9ESS & ORD] :I* ONLY ! H& ( MAN GUID$ BY HIS 
      S\L CAN PRODUCE--:AT HAVE !Y DONE = US N[8 ,?OSE MA*9ES ( :I* ! 
      CIVILIZ$ WORLD IS SO PR\D1 HAS IT ANY RI<T TO BE PR\D ( ! USE !Y HAVE BE5 
      PUT TO BY ,COMM]CIAL W> & WA/E8 
     
     

      ,I DO NOT ?9K EXULTATION CAN HAVE A PLACE H]E3 ,COMM]CIAL W> HAS MADE A PR(IT 
      ( !SE WOND]S2 ?AT IS TO SAY IT HAS BY !IR MEANS BR$ = ITSELF MILLIONS ( 
      UNHAPPY WORK]S1 UN9TELLIG5T MA*9ES AS F> AS !IR DAILY WORK GOES1 ORD] TO 
      GET *EAP LABOR1 TO KEEP UP ITS EXCIT+ BUT DEADLY GAME = EV]4 ,9DE$ ?AT 
      LABOR W\LD HAVE BE5 *EAP 5\<--*EAP TO ! ,COMM]CIAL W> G5]ALS1 & 
      DEADLY DE> TO ! RE/ ( US--BUT = ! SE$S ( FRE$OM :I* VALIANT M5 
      ( OLD HAVE S[$ AMONG US TO SPR+ UP 9 \R [N DAY 9TO ,*>TISM & ,TRADES 
      ,UNIONISM & ,SOCIALISM1 = ! DEF5SE ( ORD] & A DEC5T LIFE4 ,T]RIBLE W\LD 
      HAVE BE5 \R SLAV]Y1 & NOT ( ! WORK+ CLASSES ALONE1 BUT = !SE G]MS ( 
      ! *ANGE :I* MU/ BE4 
     
     

      ,EV5 AS IT IS1 BY ! RECKLESS AGGREGATION ( MA*9E-WORK]S & !IR ADJO9TS 9 
      ! GREAT CITIES & ! MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICTS1 IT HAS KEPT D[N LIFE AMONG US1 
      & KEEPS IT D[N TO A MIS]ABLY L[ /&>D2 SO L[ ?AT ANY /&PO9T = 
      IMPROVEM5T IS H>D TO ?9K ( EV54 ,BY ! MEANS ( SPE$Y COMMUNICATION :I* IT 
      HAS CREAT$1 & :I* %\LD HAVE RAIS$ ! /&>D ( LIFE BY SPREAD+ 
      9TELLIG5CE FROM T[N TO C\NTRY1 & WIDELY CREAT+ MODE/ C5T]S ( FRE$OM ( 
      ?\<T & HABITS ( CULTURE--BY ! MEANS ( ! RAILWAYS & ! LIKE IT 
      HAS GA!R$ TO ITSELF FRE% RECRUITS = ! RES]VE >MY ( COMPET+ LACK-AILS 
      ON :I* ITS GAMBL+ GA9S SO MU* DEP5D1 /RIPP+ ! C\NTRY-SIDE ( ITS 
      POPULATION1 & EXT+UI%+ ALL REASONABLE HOPE & LIFE 9 ! LESS] T[NS4 
     
     

      ,NOR CAN ,I1 AN >TI/1 ?9K LA/ OR LEA/ ( ! \TW>D EFFECTS :I* BETOK5 ?IS 
      RULE ( ! WRET*$ AN>*Y ( ,COMM]CIAL W>4 ,?9K ( ! SPREAD+ SORE ( 
      ,LONDON SWALL[+ UP ) ITS LOA?SOM5ESS FIELD & WOOD & HEA? )\T M]CY 
      & )\T HOPE1 MOCK+ \R FEEBLE EF=TS TO DEAL EV5 ) ITS M9OR EVILS ( 
      SMOKELAD5 SKY & BEF\L$ RIV]3 ! BLACK HORROR & RECKLESS SQUALOR ( \R 
      MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICTS1 SO DREADFUL TO ! S5SES :I* >E UNUS$ TO !M ?AT IT 
      IS OM9\S = ! FUTURE ( ! RACE ?AT ANY MAN CAN LIVE AMONG IT 9 TOL]ABLE 
      *E]FULNESS3 NAY 9 ! OP5 C\NTRY ITSELF ! ?RU/+ ASIDE BY MIS]ABLE 
      J]RY-BUILT BRICK & SLATE ( ! SOLID GRAY DWELL+S ?AT >E /ILL SCATT]$ 
      AB\T1 FIT EMBLEMS 9 !IR *E]Y BUT BEAUTIFUL SIMPLICITY ( ! YEOM5 ( ! 
      ,5GLI% FIELD1 :OSE DE/RUCTION AT ! H&S ( YET Y\NG ,COMM]CIAL W> WAS 
      LAM5T$ SO T\*+LY BY ! HI<-M9D$ ,MORE & ! VALIANT ,LATIM]4 ,EV]Y:]E 
      9 %ORT ! *ANGE FROM OLD TO NEW 9VOLV+ ONE C]TA9TY1 :ATEV] ELSE MAY BE 
      D\BTFUL1 A WORS5+ ( ! ASPECT ( ! C\NTRY4 
     
     

      ,?IS IS ! CONDITION ( ,5GL&3 ( ,5GL& ! C\NTRY ( ORD]1 PEACE & 
      /ABILITY1 ! L& ( COMMON S5SE & PRACTICALITY2 ! C\NTRY TO :I* ALL EYES 
      >E TURN$ ( ?OSE :OSE HOPE IS = ! CONT9UANCE & P]FECTION ( MOD]N 
      PROGRESS4 ,!RE >E C\NTRIES 9 ,EUROPE :OSE ASPECT IS NOT SO RU9$ \TW>DLY1 
      ?\< !Y MAY HAVE LESS ( MAT]IAL PROSP]ITY1 LESS WIDE-SPREAD MIDDLE-CLASS 
      WEAL? TO BALANCE ! SQUALOR & DISGRACE ,I HAVE M5TION$3 BUT IF !Y >E 
      MEMB]S ( ! GREAT ,COMM]CIAL :OLE1 ?R\< ! SAME MILL !Y HAVE GOT TO GO1 
      UNLESS SOME?+ %\LD HAPP5 TO TURN ASIDE ! TRIUMPHANT M>* ( ,W> ,COMM]CIAL 
      BE=E IT REA*ES ! 5D4 
     
     

      ,?AT IS :AT ?REE C5TURIES ( ,COMM]CE HAVE BR\<T ?AT HOPE TO :I* SPRUNG UP 
      :5 FEUDALISM BEGAN TO FALL TO PIECES4 ,:AT CAN GIVE US ! DAY-SPR+ ( A NEW 
      HOPE8 ,:AT1 SAVE G5]AL REVOLT AGA9/ ! TYRANNY ( ,COMM]CIAL W>8 ,! 
      PALLIATIVES OV] :I* MANY WOR?Y PEOPLE >E BUSY+ !MSELVES N[ >E USELESS3 
      BECAUSE !Y >E BUT UNORGANIZ$ P>TIAL REVOLTS AGA9/ A VA/ WIDE-SPREAD+ 
      GRASP+ ORGANIZATION :I* WILL1 ) ! UNCONSCI\S 9/9CT ( A PLANT1 MEET 
      EV]Y ATTEMPT AT BETT]+ ! CONDITION ( ! PEOPLE ) AN ATTACK ON A FRE% 
      SIDE2 NEW MA*9ES1 NEW M>KETS1 :OLESALE EMIGRATION1 ! REVIVAL ( GROVEL+ 
      SUP]/ITIONS1 PREA*M5TS ( ?RIFT TO LACK-ALLS1 ( TEMP]ANCE TO ! WRET*$2 
      SU* ?+S AS !SE WILL BAFFLE AT EV]Y TURN ALL P>TIAL REVOLTS AGA9/ ! 
      MON/] WE ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES HAVE CREAT$ = \R [N UNDO+4 
     
     

      ,I WILL SPEAK QUITE PLA9LY ON ?IS MATT]1 ?\< ,I MU/ SAY AN UGLY WORD 9 ! 
      5D IF ,I AM TO SAY :AT ,I ?9K4 ,! ONE ?+ TO BE DONE IS TO SET PEOPLE F> & 
      WIDE TO ?9K IT POSSIBLE TO RAISE ! /&>D ( LIFE4 ,IF Y\ ?9K ( IT1 Y\ 
      WILL SEE CLE>LY ?AT ?IS MEANS /IRR+ UP G5]AL DISCONT5T4 
     
     

      ,& N[ TO ILLU/RATE ?AT ,I TURN BACK TO MY BL5D$ CLAIM = ,>T & ,LABOR1 ?AT 
      ,I MAY DEAL ) ! ?IRD CLAUSE 9 IT3 H]E IS ! CLAIM AGA93-- 
     
     
       

,IT IS RI<T & NECESS>Y ?AT ALL M5 %\LD HAVE WORK TO DO-- 

      ,FIR/--,WORK WOR? DO+2 

      ,SECOND--,WORK ( ITSELF PLEASANT TO DO2 

      ,?IRD--,WORK DONE UND] SU* CONDITIONS AS W\LD MAKE IT NEI!R 
      OV]-WE>ISOME NOR OV]-ANXI\S4 
     
     

      ,) ! FIR/ & SECOND CLAUSES1 :I* >E V]Y NE>LY RELAT$ TO EA* O!R1 ,I 
      HAVE TRI$ TO DEAL ALREADY4 ,!Y >E AS IT W]E ! S\L ( ! CLAIM = PROP] 
      LABOR2 ! ?IRD CLAUSE IS ! BODY )\T :I* ?AT S\L CANNOT EXI/4 ,I WILL 
      EXT5D IT 9 ?IS WAY1 :I* WILL 9DE$ P>TLY C>RY US OV] GR\ND ALREADY 
      COV]$3 
     
     
       

,NO ONE :O IS WILL+ TO WORK %\LD EV] FE> WANT ( SU* EMPLOYM5T AS W\LD 
      E>N = HIM ALL DUE NECESS>IES ( M9D & BODY4 
     
     

      ,ALL DUE NECESS>IES--:AT >E ! DUE NECESS>IES = A GOOD CITIZ58 
     
     

      ,FIR/1 HONORABLE & FITT+ WORK3 :I* W\LD 9VOLVE GIV+ HIM A 
      *ANCE ( GA9+ CAPACITY = HIS WORK BY DUE $UCATION2 ALSO1 AS ! WORK MU/ BE 
      WOR? DO+ & PLEASANT TO DO1 IT WILL BE F\ND NECESS>Y TO ?IS 5D ?AT HIS 
      POSITION BE SO ASSUR$ TO HIM ?AT HE CANNOT BE COMPELL$ TO DO USELESS WORK1 OR 
      WORK 9 :I* HE CANNOT TAKE PLEASURE4 
     
     

      ,! SECOND NECESSITY IS DEC5CY ( SURR\ND+S3 9CLUD+ 7A7 
      GOOD LODG+2 7B7 AMPLE SPACE2 7C7 G5]AL ORD] & BEAUTY4 ,?AT 
      IS 7A7 \R H\SES MU/ BE WELL BUILT1 CLEAN & HEAL?Y2 7B7 
      !RE MU/ BE ABUNDANT G>D5 SPACE 9 \R T[NS1 & \R T[NS MU/ NOT EAT UP ! 
      FIELDS & NATURAL FEATURES ( ! C\NTRY2 NAY ,I DEM& EV5 ?AT !RE BE LEFT 
      WA/E PLACES & WILDS 9 IT1 OR ROMANCE & POETRY--?AT IS ,>T--WILL 
      DIE \T AMONG US4 7C7 ,ORD] & BEAUTY MEANS1 ?AT NOT ONLY \R H\SES 
      MU/ BE /\TLY & PROP]LY BUILT1 BUT ALSO ?AT !Y BE ORNAM5T$ DULY3 ?AT ! 
      FIELDS BE NOT ONLY LEFT = CULTIVATION1 BUT ALSO ?AT !Y BE NOT SPOIL$ BY IT ANY 
      MORE ?AN A G>D5 IS SPOIL$3 NO ONE = 9/ANCE TO BE ALL[$ TO CUT D[N1 = 
      M]E PR(IT1 TREES :OSE LOSS W\LD SPOIL A L&SCAPE3 NEI!R ON ANY PRETEXT 
      %\LD PEOPLE BE ALL[$ TO D>K5 ! DAYLI<T ) SMOKE1 TO BEF\L RIV]S1 OR TO 
      DEGRADE ANY SPOT ( E>? ) SQUALID LITT] & BRUTAL WA/EFUL DISORD]4 
     
     

      ,! ?IRD NECESSITY IS LEISURE4 ,Y\ WILL UND]/& ?AT 9 US+ ?AT 
      WORD LIMPLY FIR/ ?AT ALL M5 MU/ WORK = SOME PORTION ( ! DAY1 & SECONDLY 
      ?AT !Y HAVE A POSITIVE RI<T TO CLAIM A RESPITE FROM ?AT WORK3 ! LEISURE !Y 
      HAVE A RI<T TO CLAIM1 MU/ BE AMPLE 5\< TO ALL[ !M FULL RE/ ( M9D & 
      BODY2 A MAN MU/ HAVE TIME = S]I\S 9DIVIDUAL ?\<T1 = 
      IMAG9ATION--= DREAM+ EV5--OR ! RACE ( M5 WILL 9EVITABLY 
      WORS54 ,EV5 ( ! HONORABLE & FITT+ WORK ( :I* ,I HAVE BE5 SPEAK+1 
      :I* IS A :OLE HEAV5 ASUND] FROM ! =C$ WORK ( ! ,CAPITALI/ SY/EM1 A 
      MAN MU/ NOT BE ASK$ TO GIVE MORE ?AN HIS FAIR %>E2 OR M5 WILL BECOME 
      UNEQUALLY DEVELOP$1 & !RE WILL /ILL BE A ROTT5 PLACE 9 ,SOCIETY4 
     
     

      ,H]E !N ,I HAVE GIV5 Y\ ! CONDITIONS UND] :I* WORK WOR? DO+1 & 
      UNDEGRAD+ TO DO1 CAN BE DONE3 UND] NO O!R CONDITIONS CAN IT BE DONE3 IF ! 
      G5]AL WORK ( ! WORLD IS NOT WOR? DO+ & UNDEGRAD+ TO DO IT IS A MOCK]Y 
      TO TALK ( CIVILIZATION4 
     
     

      ,WELL !N CAN !SE CONDITIONS BE OBTA9$ UND] ! PRES5T GOSPEL ( ,CAPITAL1 
      :I* HAS = ITS MOTTO 0,! DEVIL TAKE ! H9DMO/08 
     
     

      ,LET US LOOK AT \R CLAIM AGA9 9 O!R WORDS3 
     
     
       

,9 A PROP]LY ORD]$ /ATE ( ,SOCIETY EV]Y MAN WILL+ TO WORK %\LD BE 
      5SUR$-- 

      ,FIR/--,HONORABLE & FITT+ WORK2 

      ,SECOND--,A HEAL?Y & BEAUTIFUL H\SE2 

      ,?IRD--,FULL LEISURE = RE/ ( M9D & BODY4 
     
     

      ,N[ ,I DON'T SUPPOSE ?AT ANYBODY H]E WILL D5Y ?AT IT W\LD BE DESIRABLE ?AT 
      ?IS CLAIM %\LD BE SATISFI$3 BUT :AT ,I WANT Y\ ALL TO ?9K IS ?AT IT IS  
      NECESS>Y ?AT IT BE SATISFI$2 ?AT UNLESS WE TRY \R UTMO/ TO SATISFY IT1 
      WE >E BUT P>T & P>CEL ( A SOCIETY F\ND$ ON ROBB]Y & 9JU/ICE1 CONDEMN$ 
      BY ! LAWS ( ! UNIV]SE TO DE/ROY ITSELF BY ITS [N EF=TS TO EXI/ = EV]4 
      ,FUR!RMORE1 ,I WANT Y\ TO ?9K ?AT AS ON ! ONE H& IT IS POSSIBLE TO SATISFY 
      ?IS CLAIM1 SO ON ! O!R H& IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO SATISFY IT UND] ! PRES5T 
      PLUTOCRATIC SY/EM1 :I* WILL =BID US EV5 ANY S]I\S ATTEMPT TO SATISFY IT3 
      ! BEG9N+S ( ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION MU/ HE ! F\NDATIONS ( ! RE-BUILD+ ( 
      ! ,>T ( ! ,PEOPLE1 ?AT IS TO SAY ( ! ,PLEASURE ( ,LIFE4 
     
     

      ,TO SAY UGLY WORDS AGA94 ,DO WE NOT KN[ ?AT ! GREAT] P>T ( M5 9 
      CIVILIZ$ SOCIETIES >E DIRTY1 IGNORANT1 BRUTAL--OR AT BE/1 ANXI\S AB\T ! 
      NEXT WEEK'S SUBSI/5CE--?AT !Y >E 9 %ORT POOR8 ,& WE KN[1 
      :5 WE ?9K ( IT1 ?AT ?IS IS UNFAIR4 
     
     

      ,IT IS AN OLD /ORY ( M5 :O HAVE BECOME RI* BY DI%ONE/ & TYRANNICAL MEANS1 
      SP5D+ 9 T]ROR ( ! FUTURE !IR ILL-GOTT5 GA9S LIB]ALLY & 9 *>ITY AS 
      'TIS CALL$3 NOR >E SU* PEOPLE PRAIS$2 9 ! OLD TALES 'TIS ?\<T ?AT ! 
      DEVIL GETS !M AFT] ALL4 ,AN OLD /ORY--BUT ,I SAY 0,DE TE 
      FABULA0--( !E IS ! /ORY TOLD3 ?\ >T ! MAN6 
     
     

      ,I SAY ?AT WE ( ! RI* & WELL-TO-DO CLASSES >E DAILY DO+ IT LIKEWISE3 
      UNCONSCI\SLY1 OR HALF CONSCI\SLY IT MAY BE1 WE GA!R WEAL? BY TRAD+ ON ! 
      H>D NECESSITY ( \R FELL[S1 & !N WE GIVE DRIBLETS ( IT AWAY TO ?OSE ( 
      !M :O 9 ONE WAY OR O!R CRY \T L\DE/ TO US4 ,\R POOR LAWS1 \R HOSPITALS1 
      \R *>ITIES1 ORGANIZ$ & UNORGANIZ$1 >E BUT TUBS ?R[N TO ! :ALE2 
      BLACKMAIL PAID TO LAME-FOOT JU/ICE1 ?AT %E MAY NOT HOBBLE AFT] US TOO FA/4 
     
     

      ,:5 WILL ! TIME COME :5 HONE/ & CLE>-SEE+ M5 WILL GR[ SICK ( ALL ?IS 
      *AOS ( WA/E1 ?IS ROBB+ ( ,PET] TO PAY ,PAUL1 :I* IS ! ESS5CE ( 
      ,COMM]CIAL W>8 ,:5 %ALL WE B& TOGE!R TO REPLACE ! SY/EM :OSE MOTTO IS 
      0,! DEVIL TAKE ! H9DMO/0 ) A SY/EM :OSE MOTTO %ALL BE REALLY & )\T 
      QUALIFICATION 0,ONE = ALL & ALL = ONE40 
     
     

      ,:O KN[S BUT ! TIME MAY BE AT H&1 BUT ?AT WE N[ LIV+ MAY SEE ! BEG9N+ 
      ( ?AT 5D :I* %ALL EXT+UI% LUXURY & POV]TY8 :5 ! UPP]1 MIDDLE1 & 
      L[] CLASSES %ALL HAVE MELT$ 9TO ONE CLASS1 LIV+ CONT5T$LY A SIMPLE & 
      HAPPY LIFE4 
     
     

      ,?AT IS A LONG S5T5CE TO DESCRIBE ! /ATE ( ?+S :I* ,I AM ASK+ Y\ TO 
      HELP TO BR+ AB\T3 ! ABOLITION ( SLAV]Y IS A %ORT] ONE & MEANS ! SAME 
      ?+4 ,Y\ MAY BE TEMPT$ TO ?9K ! 5D NOT WOR? /RIV+ = ON ONE H&2 OR 
      ON ! O!R TO SUPPOSE1 EA* ONE ( Y\1 ?AT IT IS SO F> AHEAD1 ?AT NO?+ 
      S]I\S CAN BE DONE T[>DS IT 9 \R [N TIME1 & ?AT Y\ MAY AS WELL !RE=E 
      SIT QUIET & DO NO?+3 LET ME REM9D Y\ H[ ONLY ! O!R DAY 9 ! LIFETIME 
      ( ! Y\NGE/ ( US MANY ?\S& M5 ( \R [N K9DR$ GAVE !IR 'LIVES ON ! 
      BATTLEFIELD TO BR+ TO A HAPPY 5D+ A M]E EPISODE 9 ! /RUGGLE = ! 
      ABOLITION ( SLAV]Y3 !Y >E BLESS$ & HAPPY1 = ! OPPORTUNITY CAME TO !M1 
      & !Y SEIZ$ IT & DID !IR BE/1 & ! WORLD IS ! WEAL?I] = IT2 & 
      IF SU* AN OPPORTUNITY IS (F]$ TO US %ALL WE ?RU/ IT FROM US ?AT WE MAY SIT 
      /ILL 9 EASE ( BODY1 9 D\BT1 9 DISEASE ( S\L8 ,!SE >E ! DAYS ( COMBAT3 
      :O CAN D\BT ?AT AS HE HE>S ALL R\ND HIM ! S\NDS ?AT BETOK5 DISCONT5T & 
      HOPE & FE> 9 HI< & L[1 ! S\NDS ( AWAK5+ C\RAGE & AWAK5+ 
      CONSCI5CE8 ,!SE1 ,I SAY1 >E ! DAYS ( COMBAT1 :5 !RE IS NO EXT]NAL PEACE 
      POSSIBLE TO AN HONE/ MAN2 BUT :5 = ?AT V]Y REASON ! 9T]NAL PEACE ( A 
      GOOD CONSCI5CE F\ND$ ON SETTL$ CONVICTIONS IS ! EASI] TO W91 S9CE ACTION 
      = ! CAUSE IS (F]$ US4 
     
     

      ,OR1 WILL Y\ SAY ?AT H]E 9 ?IS QUIET1 CON/ITUTIONALLY GOV]N$ C\NTRY ( 
      ,5GL& !RE IS NO OPPORTUNITY = ACTION (F]$ TO US3 IF WE W]E 9 GAGG$ 
      ,G]MANY1 9 GAGG$ ,AU/RIA1 9 ,RUSSIA :]E A WORD OR TWO MI<T L& US 9 ,SIB]IA 
      OR ! PRISON OR =TRESS ( ,PET] & ,PAUL-- :Y !N1 9DE$-- 
     
     

      ,AH6 MY FRI5DS1 IT IS BUT A POOR TRIBUTE TO (F] ON ! TOMBS ( ! M>TYRS ( 
      LIB]TY1 ?IS REFUSAL TO TAKE ! TOR* FROM !IR DY+ H&S6 ,IS IT NOT ( ,GOE! 
      IT IS TOLD1 ?AT ON HE>+ ONE SAY HE WAS GO+ TO ,AM]ICA TO BEG9 LIFE AGA91 HE 
      REPLI$1 0,H]E IS ,AM]ICA1 OR NO:]E60 ,SO = MY P>T ,I SAY1 0,H]E IS ,RUSSIA1 OR 
      NO:]E40 
     
     

      ,TO SAY ! GOV]N+ CLASSES 9 ,5GL& >E NOT AFRAID ( FRE$OM ( SPEE*1  
      !RE=E LET US AB/A9 FROM SPEAK+ FREELY1 IS A /RANGE P>ADOX TO ME4 ,LET 
      US ON ! CONTR>Y PRESS 9 ?R\< ! BREA* :I* VALIANT M5 HAVE MADE = US3 
      IF WE HANG BACK WE MAKE !IR LABORS1 !IR SUFF]+S1 !IR DEA?S ( NO 
      ACC\NT4 
     
     

      ,BELIEVE ME WE %ALL BE %[N ?AT IT IS ALL OR NO?+3 OR WILL ANYONE H]E TELL ME 
      ?AT A ,RUSSIAN M\JIK IS 9 A WORSE CASE ?AN A SWEAT+ TAILOR'S WAGE-SLAVE8 ,DO 
      NOT LET US DECEIVE \RSELVES1 ! CLASS ( VICTIMS EXI/S H]E AS 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,!RE 
      >E FEW] ( !M8 ,MAY BE--!N >E !Y ( !MSELVES MORE HELPLESS1 & SO 
      HAVE MORE NE$ ( \R HELP4 
     
     

      ,& H[ CAN WE ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES1 WE ! CAPITALI/S & \R HANG]S-ON1 HELP 
      !M8 ,BY R5\NC+ \R CLASS1 & ON ALL OCCASIONS :5 ANTAGONISM RISES UP 
      BETWE5 ! CLASSES CA/+ 9 \R LOT ) ! VICTIMS3 ) ?OSE :O >E 
      CONDEMN$ AT ! BE/ TO LACK ( $UCATION1 REF9EM5T1 LEISURE1 PLEASURE & 
      R5[N2 & AT ! WOR/ TO A LIFE L[] ?AN ?AT ( ! MO/ BRUTAL ( 
      SAVAGES--9 ORD] ?AT ! SY/EM ( COMPETITIVE ,COMM]CE MAY 5DURE4 
     
     

      ,!RE IS NO O!R WAY3 & ?IS WAY ,I TELL Y\ PLA9LY1 WILL 9 ! LONG 
      RUN GIVE US PL5TIFUL OCCASION = SELF-SACRIFICE )\T GO+ TO ,RUSSIA4 ,I FEEL 
      SURE ?AT 9 ?IS ASSEMBLY !RE >E SOME :O >E /EEP$ 9 DISCONT5T ) ! 
      MIS]ABLE AN>*Y ( ! C5TURY ( ,COMM]CE3 TO !M ,I (F] A MEANS ( R5\NC+ 
      !IR CLASS BY SUPPORT+ A ,SOCIALI/ PROPAG&A 9 JO9+ ! ,DEMOCRATIC 
      ,F$]ATION1 :I* ,I HAVE ! HONOR ( REPRES5T+ BE=E Y\1 & :I* ,I BELIEVE 
      IS ! ONLY BODY 9 ?IS C\NTRY :I* PUTS =W>D CON/RUCTIVE ,SOCIALISM AS ITS 
      PROGRAM4 
     
     

      ,?IS TO MY M9D IS OPPORTUNITY 5\< = ?OSE ( US :O >E DISCONT5T$ ) ! 
      PRES5T /ATE ( ?+S & LONG = AN OPPORTUNITY ( R5UNCIATION2 & IT IS V]Y 
      C]TA9 ?AT 9 ACCEPT+ ! OPPORTUNITY Y\ WILL HAVE AT ONCE TO UND]GO SOME ( 
      ! 9CONV5I5CES ( M>TYRDOM1 ?\< )\T GA9+ ITS DIGNITY AT PRES5T4 ,Y\ 
      WILL AT LEA/ BE MOCK$ & LAU<$ AT BY ?OSE :OSE MOCK]Y IS A TOK5 ( HONOR 
      TO AN HONE/ MAN2 BUT Y\ WILL1 ,I DON'T D\BT IT1 BE LOOK$ ON COLDLY BY MANY 
      EXCELL5T PEOPLE1 NOT ALL ( :OM WILL BE QUITE /UPID4 ,Y\ WILL RUN ! 
      RISK ( LOS+ POSITION1 REPUTATION1 MONEY1 FRI5DS EV53 LOSSES :I* >E 
      C]TA9LY P9 PRICKS TO ! S]I\S M>TYRDOM ,I HAVE SPOK5 (2 BUT :I* NONE ! 
      LESS DO TRY ! /UFF A MAN IS MADE (--ALL ! MORE AS HE CAN ESCAPE !M 
      ) LITTLE O!R REPROA* ( C[>DICE ?AN ?AT :I* HIS [N CONSCI5CE CRIES 
      \T AT HIM4 
     
     

      ,NOR CAN ,I ASSURE Y\ ?AT Y\ WILL = EV] ESCAPE SCOT-FREE FROM ! ATTACKS ( 
      OP5 TYRANNY4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT AT PRES5T ,CAPITALI/ ,SOCIETY ONLY LOOKS ON ,SOCIALISM 
      9 ,5GL& ) DRY GR9S4 ,BUT REMEMB] ?AT ! BODY ( PEOPLE :O HAVE = 
      9/ANCE RU9$ ,9DIA1 />V$ & GAGG$ ,IREL&1 & TORTUR$ ,EGYPT1 HAVE 
      CAPACITIES 9 !M--SOME OM9\S SIGNS ( :I* !Y HAVE LATELY %[N -- 
      = OP5LY PLAY+ ! TYRANTS' GAME NE>] HOME4 
     
     

      ,SO ON ALL SIDES ,I CAN (F] Y\ A POSITION :I* 9VOLVES SACRIFICE2 A POSITION 
      :I* WILL GIVE Y\ Y\R 0,AM]ICA0 AT HOME1 & MAKE Y\ 9W>DLY SURE ?AT Y\ >E 
      AT LEA/ ( SOME USE TO ! CAUSE3 & ,I E>NE/LY BEG Y\1 ?OSE ( Y\ :O >E 
      CONV9C$ ( ! JU/ICE ( \R CAUSE1 NOT TO HANG BACK FROM ACTIVE P>TICIPATION 
      9 A /RUGGLE :I*--:O EV] HELPS OR :O EV] AB/A9S FROM 
      HELP+--MU/ BEYOND ALL D\BT 5D AT LA/ 9 ,VICTORY6 
     

,FIR/ PUBLI%$ AS A PAMPHLET AT ,LEEK1 #ahhd REPR9T$ 9 ,! ,COLLECT$ ,WORKS ( ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS1 ,X,X,I,I,I1 #a#i#b-#b#a#d1 ,COLE1 #f#b#d-#d#e1 ,JACKSON1 #i#f-,I #ad & & ,POLITICAL ,WRIT+S ( ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS1 $4 ,A4 ,L4 ,MORTON1 #a#i-#a#c#c4 

,>T & ,SOCIALISM WAS TRANSCRIB$ FROM ! ,POLITICAL ,WRIT+S ( ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS BY ,*RIS ,CROOME = ! ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS ,9T]NET ,>*IVE1 A SUB>*IVE ( ! ,M>XI/S ,9T]NET ,>*IVE1 9 ,NOVEMB] #a#i#i#g4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #b1 #bba 3 ,>T & ,SOCIALISM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,>T & ,SOCIALISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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