,ANO!R ,SPA9 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANTI-,FASCI/ ,ACTION 

,TEXT 3 

,A,F,A'S MAGAZ9E ,FI<T+ ,TALK HAD A SPECIAL ON ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION4  ,?IS IS ! 9TRODUCTION TO ?AT SPECIAL1 :I* ALSO 9CLUD$ ',! ,PEOPLE ,>M$'1 ',! ,RATTLE ( ! ,?OMPSON ,GUN'1 & ',=GOTT5 ,H]OES'4 

,9 ?IS ISSUE ( ,FI<T+ ,TALK WE FEATURE A NUMB] ( >TICLES ?AT LOOK AT EV5TS SURR\ND+ ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W>_/,REVOLUTION4  ,! C\RAGE & COMMITM5T ( ! M5 & WOM5 :O W5T TO ,SPA9 TO FI<T ) ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,BRIGADES IS WELL KN[N1 & 9 AN 9T]VIEW ) A MEMB] ( ! ,CONNOLLY ,COLUMN WE GET AN IDEA ( :AT 9SPIR$ ! ?\S&S ( VOLUNTE]S1 :O CAME FROM FIFTY TWO C\NTRIES4 ,OV] #b1 VOLUNTE]S LEFT ,BRITA9 TO FI<T FASCISM 9 ,SPA91 OV] #e W]E KILL$4 ,DESPITE ! IMPORTANT MILIT>Y ROLE ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,BRIGADES PLAY$ 9 ! ACTUAL W>1 !Y W]E NOT ! DRIV+ =CE4 ,!RE W\LDN'T HAVE BE5 A CIVIL W> IF ! >M$ WORK]S' MILITIAS HADN'T RESI/$ ! MILIT>Y C\P 9 ! FIR/ PLACE4 ,! MILITIAS1 LIKE ,A,F,A1 W]E NOT FI<T+ ! FASCI/S TO MA9TA9 ! /ATUS QUO -- !Y HAD !IR [N RADICAL AG5DA4 ,! >TICLE 0,! ,PEOPLE ,>M$0 IS ALL AB\T ?IS REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T & %[S :AT ! MILITANTS W]E FI<T+ =1 RA!R ?AN JU/ :AT !Y W]E FI<T+ AGA9/4 

,CONV5TIONAL HI/ORY T5DS TO BE V]Y BLACK & :ITE -- !RE WAS A CIVIL W>1 IT LA/$ FROM #a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#i1 ! FASCI/S WON1 & ?AT WAS ! 5D ( IT4 ,?IS ISN'T TRUE4 ,AFT] ! COMPROMIS]S HAD S5T ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,BRIGADES HOME1 & ! W> WAS LO/1 ! PEOPLE :O HAD />T$ ! RESI/ANCE TO ! FASCI/S 9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 ! MILITANT WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5T1 C>RI$ ON ! FI<T4  ,DESPITE ! MASS >RE/S1 MASS EXECUTIONS 7OV] #b171 & MASS EXODUS ( REFUGEES1 ! ,RESI/ANCE F\<T ON4 ,?IS /ORY IS L>GELY UNKN[N BUT ! TWO >TICLES -- 0,! ,RATTLE ( ! ,?OMPSON ,GUN0 & 0,=GOTT5 ,H]OES0 -- ?R[ SOME LI<T ON ?IS P]IOD4 ,! REASON ?IS SECTION ( ! MAGAZ9E HAS BE5 CALL$ 0,ANO!R ,SPA90 IS P>TLY BECAUSE IT %[S :AT ! MILITANTS W]E FI<T+ = & ALSO BECAUSE IT 9VE/IGATES SOME ASPECTS ( ! /RUGGLE ?AT >5'T WIDELY KN[N4 ,! CAPITALI/ CRISIS ?AT GRIPP$ ,EUROPE 9 ! #a#i#bS & #cS SAW /RONG WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5TS ?REAT5 ! E/ABLI%$ ORD] 9 MANY C\NTRIES -- & FASCISM WAS UNLEA%$ AS ! CUTT+ $GE ( C\NT]-REVOLUTION4 ,9 ,ITALY FASCISM WAS FIRMLY 5TR5*$ AFT] ,MUSSOL9I TOOK P[] 9 #a#i#b#b2 BY #aicc ,HITL]'S ,NAZIS CONTROLL$ ,G]MANY2 9 ,BRITA9 ,MOSLEY'S ,BLACK%IRTS W]E ATTACK+ ,JEWI% IMMIGRANTS & ! ,LEFT2 9 ,IREL& ! ,BLUE%IRTS REPRES5T$ ! ULTIMATE REACTION4 ,9 ,SPA9 ! SITUATION WAS NO DIFF]5T1 & #f YE>S AGO ! /RUGGLE BETWE5 ! =CES ( ,LEFT & ,RI<T ]UPT$ 9TO OP5 W>F>E4 

,9 #aica ! ,SPANI% K+ WAS =C$ TO /& D[N & RETREAT 9TO EXILE1 & A REPUBLIC WAS E/ABLI%$4 ,! NEXT FIVE YE>S SAW ! BALANCE ( P[] SW+ BETWE5 ! CONS]VATIVE REACTION>IES ( ! ,SPANI% E/ABLI%M5T & ! PROGRESSIVE WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5T4 ,9 #aicd A WORK+ CLASS UPRIS+ 9 ,A/URIAS WAS ONLY DEFEAT$ AFT] ! BLOODY 9T]V5TION ( ! ,SPANI% >MY4 

,9 ,FEBRU>Y #aicf ! ,POPUL> ,FRONT 7MADE UP ( LIB]AL & LEFT W+ ELEM5TS7 WAS ELECT$ TO GOV]N ,SPA91 :I* L$ TO AN 9CREASE ( ACTIVITY BY WORK+ CLASS MILITANTS & POOR PEASANTS4  ,! RUL]S ( ,SPA9 C\LD SEE !IR P[] 7& PROP]TY7 SLIPP+ AWAY & ON ! #a#g? ,JULY A GR\P ( EXTREME RI<T-W+ ,NATIONALI/ G5]ALS MADE !IR MOVE1 />T+ ) A MILIT>Y RIS+ 9 ,MOROCCO :I* SPREAD IMM$IATELY TO ! MA9L&4  ,WORK+ CLASS MILITANTS >M$ !MSELVES & ! MILIT>Y C\P WAS SMA%$ 9 ,B>CELONA & ,MADRID1 AL?\< ! G5]ALS' TROOPS DID SEIZE L>GE >EAS4 

,9ITIALLY ! ,NATIONALI/S PUT MU* EMPHASIS ON CAPTUR+ ! CAPITAL ,MADRID1 BUT AFT] FAIL+ TO BREAK ?R\< AT ! BATTLES ( ,J>AMA 7,FEB4'#c#g7 & ,GUADALAJ>A 7,M>* '#c#g7 ,FRANCO MOV$ ON TO O!R PRIORITIES1 LAUN*+ HIS NOR!RN (F5SIVE AGA9/ ,A/URIAS & ! ,BASQUE C\NTRY4 ,?IS 9CLUD$ ! 9FAM\S DE/RUCTION ( ,GU]NICA 9 ,APRIL '#c#g BY ,G]MAN PLANES4 ,! ,REPUBLICAN >MY LAUN*$ ATTACKS ON ! ,>AGON ,FRONT 9 ,MAY #aicg TO TRY & DEFLECT ,NATIONALI/ TROOPS FROM !IR SUCCESSFUL CAMPAIGN 9 ! NOR?1 BUT ?IS FAIL$ & BY ,AUGU/ #aicg ! ,NATIONALI/S HAD CONQU]$ NOR!RN ,SPA9 & ! ,BASQUE C\NTRY4 ,! ,NATIONALI/S' AIR & >TILL]Y SUP]IORITY1 SUPPLI$ BY ,HITL] & ,MUSSOL9I1 WAS PROV+ UN/OPPABLE1 & BY ,APRIL #ai* ,FRANCO'S =CES REA*$ ! ,M$IT]RANEAN COA/ NE> ,VAL5CIA1 SPLITT+ ! REMA9+ ,REPUBLICAN CONTROLL$ >EA 9 HALF4 

,! LA/ MAJOR MILIT>Y 9ITIATIVE BY ! ,REPUBLICAN =CES WAS AT ! BATTLE ( ! ,EBRO 7,JULY -- ,NOV4'#c#h7 BUT ! ,NATIONALI/ C\NT]-ATTACK WAS SUCCESSFUL4 ,9 A FAIL$ ATTEMPT TO GET ! ,G]MAN & ,ITALIAN SUPPORT )DRAWN1 ! ,REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T ORD]$ ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,BRIGADES TO DISB&1 & !Y LEFT 9 ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c#h4 ,9 ,JANU>Y #aici ,B>CELONA FELL1 FOLL[$ BY ,MADRID 9 ,M>*4 ,! ,SPANI% ,REPUBLICAN >MY UNCONDITIONALLY SURR5D]$ TO ,FRANCO'S FASCI/ =CES ON #a/ ,APRIL #a#i#c#i4 

,?R\<\T ! W> ! ROLE PLAY$ BY ! 9T]NATIONAL P[]S 9FLU5C$ ! EV5TUAL \TCOME4 ,IF ! W> IS SE5 AS ONE BETWE5 DEMOCRACY & FASCISM1 ! WE/]N 'DEMOCRACIES' W]E NOTICEABLE BY !IR ABS5CE4 ,! ,CONS]VATIVE GOV]NM5T 9 ,BRITA91 ) ,LABOR SUPPORT1 WAS COMMITT$ TO A POLICY ( NON9T]V5TION1 AS W]E ! ,FR5*1 SO 9 O!R WORDS :ILE ,FRANCO RECEIV$ MASSIVE MILIT>Y AID FROM ,G]MANY & ,ITALY ! ANTI-FASCI/ =CES W]E />V$ ( WEAPONS4 ,! REASON IS CLE>4 ,! ,BRITI% & ,FR5* GOV]NM5TS FE>$ A ',R$ ,SPA9' & WANT$ ! /RONG ,SPANI% WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5T SMA%$1 & W]E DET]M9$ TO AVOID CONFRONTATION ) ! FASCI/ P[]S4 

,ITALY & ,G]MANY EXPLOIT$ ! SITUATION FULLY1 BY ! 5D ( ,JULY #aicf ,ITALIAN PLANES HAD ALREADY BE5 SUPPLI$4 ,9 ,DECEMB] '#c#f #c1 ,ITALIAN ,BLACK%IRTS >RIV$ 9 ,SPA91 & ! NUMB] ( ,ITALIAN TROOPS SOON ROSE TO #e14 ,HITL] S5T COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPM5T1 ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUNS1 9FANTRY1 TANKS1 TANK 9/RUCTORS & ! MO/ EFFECTIVE AIR GR\P -- ! ,CONDOR ,LEGION4 ,MEXICO & ! ,SOVIET ,UNION W]E ! ONLY =EIGN S\RCE ( >MS TO ! ,SPANI% ,REPUBLIC1 BUT ,/AL9'S 9T]NATIONAL MANEUV]+S MEANT ?AT BY #ai* ,SOVIET SUPPLIES />T$ TO DRY UP 9 L9E ) ! MOVES T[>DS A ,G]MAN -- ,SOVIET NON-AGGRESSION PACT4 ,= POLITICAL REASONS A LOT ( ,SOVIET AID WAS )HELD FROM ! AN>*I/S & ! ,P,\,M1 & ! LACK ( MILIT>Y EQUIPM5T IS WELL ILLU/RAT$ BY ! FACT ?AT 9 ! F9AL ,CATALAN (F5SIVE ! ANTI-FASCI/ =CES ONLY HAD #c#g1 ASSORT$ RIFLES BETWE5 !M4 

,AP>T FROM ! MILITANT ANTI-FASCI/S ( ! ,SPANI% WORK+ CLASS & !IR SUPPORT]S VIRTUALLY EV]YONE ELSE WAS SATISFI$ ) ! \TCOME ( ! W>4 ,BRITA9 & ,FRANCE HAD MANAG$ TO AVOID GETT+ DRAWN 9TO A CONFLICT ) ! ,FASCI/ ,AXIS1 :O HAD GA9$ VALUABLE EXP]I5CE 9 P]FECT+ ! TE*NIQUES ( MOD]N W>F>E1 & CAPITALISM WAS SAFELY RE/OR$ ON ! ,SPANI% P59SULA4 ,! WAY ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION WAS FIR/ ISOLAT$ & !N SMA%$ LEAVES US ) IMPORTANT LESSONS TO BE LE>N$ TODAY4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #c#a1 #bba 3 ,ANO!R ,SPA9 -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,ANO!R ,SPA9 -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/