,*APT] #e 
,CRIME 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,GELD]LOOS 

,TEXT 3 

#e4 ,CRIME 

,PRISON IS ! 9/ITUTION ?AT MO/ CONCRETELY SYMBOLIZES DOM9ATION4 ,AN>*I/S WI% TO CREATE A SOCIETY ?AT CAN PROTECT ITSELF & RESOLVE 9T]NAL PROBLEMS )\T POLICE1 JUDGES1 OR PRISONS2 A SOCIETY ?AT DOES NOT VIEW ITS PROBLEMS 9 T]MS ( GOOD & EVIL1 P]MITT$ & PROHIBIT$1 LAW-ABID]S & CRIM9ALS4 

,:O WILL PROTECT US )\T POLICE8 

,9 \R SOCIETY1 POLICE B5EFIT FROM A TREM5D\S AM\NT ( HYPE1 :E!R IT'S BIAS$ & FE>-MONG]+ M$IA COV]AGE ( CRIME OR ! FLOOD ( MOVIES & TELEVISION %[S FEATUR+ COPS AS H]OES & PROTECTORS4 ,YET MANY PEOPLE'S EXP]I5CES ) POLICE CONTRA/ />KLY ) ?IS HEAVY-H&$ PROPAG&A4 

,9 A HI]>*ICAL SOCIETY1 :OM DO POLICE PROTECT8 ,:O HAS MORE TO FE> FROM CRIME1 & :O HAS MORE TO FE> FROM POLICE8 ,9 SOME COMMUNITIES1 ! POLICE >E LIKE AN OCCUPY+ =CE2 POLICE & CRIME =M ! 9T]LOCK+ JAWS ( A TRAP ?AT PREV5TS PEOPLE FROM ESCAP+ OPPRESSIVE SITUATIONS OR RESCU+ !IR COMMUNITIES FROM VIOL5CE1 POV]TY1 & FRAGM5TATION4 

,HI/ORICALLY1 POLICE DID NOT DEVELOP \T ( A SOCIAL NECESSITY TO PROTECT PEOPLE FROM RIS+ CRIME4 ,9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 MOD]N POLICE =CES >OSE AT A TIME :5 CRIME WAS ALREADY DIM9I%+4 ,RA!R1 ! 9/ITUTION ( POLICE EM]G$ AS A MEANS TO GIVE ! RUL+ CLASS GREAT] CONTROL OV] ! POPULATION & EXP& ! /ATE'S MONOPOLY ON ! RESOLUTION ( SOCIAL CONFLICT4 ,?IS WAS NOT A RESPONSE TO CRIME OR AN ATTEMPT TO SOLVE IT2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT CO9CID$ ) ! CREATION ( NEW =MS ( CRIME4 ,AT ! SAME TIME POLICE =CES W]E BE+ EXP&$ & MOD]NIZ$1 ! RUL+ CLASS BEGAN TO CRIM9ALIZE PR$OM9ANTLY L[] CLASS BEHAVIORS ?AT HAD PREVI\SLY BE5 ACCEPTABLE SU* AS VAGRANCY1 GAMBL+1 & PUBLIC DRUNK5NESS4.<#g.> ,?OSE 9 AU?ORITY DEF9E 0CRIM9AL ACTIVITY0 ACCORD+ TO !IR [N NE$S1 !N PRES5T !IR DEF9ITIONS AS NEUTRAL & TIMELESS4 ,= EXAMPLE1 MANY MORE PEOPLE MAY BE KILL$ BY POLLUTION & WORK-RELAT$ ACCID5TS ?AN BY DRUGS1 BUT DRUG DEAL]S >E BR&$ A ?REAT TO SOCIETY1 NOT FACTORY [N]S4 ,& EV5 :5 FACTORY [N]S BREAK ! LAW 9 A WAY ?AT KILLS PEOPLE1 !Y >E NOT S5T TO PRISON4.<#g#a.> 

,TODAY1 OV] TWO-?IRDS ( PRISON]S 9 ! ,U,S >E LOCK$ UP = NONVIOL5T (F5SES4 ,IT IS NO SURPRISE ?AT ! MAJORITY ( PRISON]S >E POOR PEOPLE & PEOPLE ( COLOR1 GIV5 ! CRIM9ALIZATION ( DRUGS & IMMIGRATION1 ! DISPROPORTIONATELY H>% P5ALTIES = ! DRUGS TYPICALLY US$ BY POOR PEOPLE1 & ! GREAT] *ANCE PEOPLE ( COLOR HAVE ( BE+ CONVICT$ OR S5T5C$ MORE H>%LY = ! SAME CRIMES4.<#g#b.> ,LIKEWISE1 ! 9T5SE PRES5CE ( MILIT>IZ$ POLICE 9 <ETTOS & POOR NEI<BORHOODS IS CONNECT$ TO ! FACT ?AT CRIME /AYS HI< 9 ?OSE NEI<BORHOODS :ILE RATES ( 9C>C]ATION 9CREASE4 ,! POLICE & PRISONS >E SY/EMS ( CONTROL ?AT PRES]VE SOCIAL 9EQUALITIES1 SPREAD FE> & RES5TM5T1 EXCLUDE & ALI5ATE :OLE COMMUNITIES1 & EX]CISE EXTREME VIOL5CE AGA9/ ! MO/ OPPRESS$ SECTORS ( SOCIETY4 

,?OSE :O CAN ORGANIZE !IR [N LIVES )9 !IR COMMUNITIES >E BETT] EQUIPP$ TO PROTECT !MSELVES4 ,SOME SOCIETIES & COMMUNITIES ?AT HAVE WON AUTONOMY FROM ! /ATE ORGANIZE VOLUNTE] PATROLS TO HELP PEOPLE 9 NE$ & DISC\RAGE AGGRESSIONS4 ,UNLIKE ! POLICE1 !SE GR\PS G5]ALLY DO NOT HAVE CO]CIVE AU?ORITY OR A CLOS$1 BUREAUCRATIC /RUCTURE1 & >E MORE LIKELY TO BE MADE UP ( VOLUNTE]S FROM )9 ! NEI<BORHOOD4 ,!Y FOCUS ON PROTECT+ PEOPLE RA!R ?AN PROP]TY OR PRIVILEGE1 & 9 ! ABS5CE ( A LEGAL CODE !Y RESPOND TO PEOPLE'S NE$S RA!R ?AN 9FLEXIBLE PROTOCOL4 ,O!R SOCIETIES ORGANIZE AGA9/ SOCIAL H>M )\T SETT+ UP SPECIFIC 9/ITUTIONS4 ,9/EAD !Y UTILIZE DIFFUSE SANCTIONS -- RESPONSES & ATTITUDES SPREAD ?R\<\T ! SOCIETY & PROPAGAT$ 9 ! CULTURE -- TO PROMOTE A SAFE 5VIRONM5T4 

,AN>*I/S TAKE AN 5TIRELY DIFF]5T VIEW ( ! PROBLEMS ?AT AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIETIES PLACE )9 ! FRAMEWORK ( CRIME & PUNI%M5T4 ,A CRIME IS ! VIOLATION ( A WRITT5 LAW1 & LAWS >E IMPOS$ BY ELITE BODIES4 ,9 ! F9AL 9/ANCE1 ! QUE/ION IS NOT :E!R SOMEONE IS HURT+ O!RS BUT :E!R %E IS DISOBEY+ ! ORD]S ( ! ELITE4 ,AS A RESPONSE TO CRIME1 PUNI%M5T CREATES HI]>*IES ( MORALITY & P[] BETWE5 ! CRIM9AL & ! DISP5S]S ( JU/ICE4 ,IT D5IES ! CRIM9AL ! RES\RCES HE MAY NE$ TO RE9TEGRATE 9TO ! COMMUNITY & TO /OP HURT+ O!RS4 

,9 AN EMP[]$ SOCIETY1 PEOPLE DO NOT NE$ WRITT5 LAWS2 !Y HAVE ! P[] TO DET]M9E :E!R SOMEONE IS PREV5T+ !M FROM FULFILL+ !IR NE$S1 & CAN CALL ON !IR PE]S = HELP RESOLV+ CONFLICTS4 ,9 ?IS VIEW1 ! PROBLEM IS NOT CRIME1 BUT SOCIAL H>M -- ACTIONS SU* AS ASSAULT & DRUNK DRIV+ ?AT ACTUALLY HURT O!R PEOPLE4 ,?IS P>ADIGM DOES AWAY ) ! CATEGORY ( VICTIMLESS CRIME1 & REVEALS ! ABSURDITY ( PROTECT+ ! PROP]TY RI<TS ( PRIVILEG$ PEOPLE OV] ! SURVIVAL NE$S ( O!RS4 ,! \TRAGES TYPICAL ( CAPITALI/ JU/ICE1 SU* AS >RE/+ ! HUNGRY = /EAL+ FROM ! WEAL?Y1 W\LD NOT BE POSSIBLE 9 A NE$S-BAS$ P>ADIGM4 

,DUR+ ! ,FEBRU>Y #aiai G5]AL /RIKE 9 ,SEATTLE1 WORK]S TOOK OV] ! CITY4 ,COMM]CIALLY1 ,SEATTLE WAS %UT D[N1 BUT ! WORK]S DID NOT ALL[ IT TO FALL 9TO DIS>RAY4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 !Y KEPT ALL VITAL S]VICES RUNN+1 BUT ORGANIZ$ BY ! WORK]S )\T ! MANAGEM5T ( ! BOSSES4 ,! WORK]S W]E ! ONES RUNN+ ! CITY EV]Y O!R DAY ( ! YE>1 ANYWAY1 & DUR+ ! /RIKE !Y PROV$ ?AT !Y KNEW H[ TO CONDUCT !IR WORK )\T MANAG]IAL 9T]F]5CE4 ,!Y COORD9AT$ CITYWIDE ORGANIZATION ?R\< ! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE ,COMMITTEE1 MADE UP ( RANK & FILE WORK]S FROM EV]Y LOCAL UNION2 ! /RUCTURE WAS SIMIL> TO1 & P]HAPS 9SPIR$ BY1 ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE4 ,UNION LOCALS & SPECIFIC GR\PS ( WORK]S RETA9$ AUTONOMY OV] !IR JOBS )\T MANAGEM5T OR 9T]F]5CE FROM ! ,COMMITTEE OR ANY O!R BODY4 ,WORK]S W]E FREE TO TAKE 9ITIATIVE AT ! LOCAL LEVEL4 ,MILK WAGON DRIV]S1 = EXAMPLE1 SET UP A NEI<BORHOOD MILK DI/RIBUTION SY/EM ! BOSSES1 RE/RICT$ BY PR(IT MOTIVES1 W\LD NEV] HAVE ALL[$4 

,! /RIK+ WORK]S COLLECT$ ! G>BAGE1 SET UP PUBLIC CAFET]IAS1 DI/RIBUT$ FREE FOOD1 & MA9TA9$ FIRE DEP>TM5T S]VICES4 ,!Y ALSO PROVID$ PROTECTION AGA9/ ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR -- ROBB]IES1 ASSAULTS1 MURD]S1 RAPES3 ! CRIME WAVE AU?ORIT>IANS ALWAYS =ECA/4 ,A CITY GU>D COMPRIS$ ( UN>M$ MILIT>Y VET]ANS WALK$ ! /REETS TO KEEP WAT* & RESPOND TO CALLS = HELP1 ?\< !Y W]E AU?ORIZ$ TO USE W>N+S & P]SUASION ONLY4 ,AID$ BY ! FEEL+S ( SOLID>ITY ?AT CREAT$ A /RONG] SOCIAL FABRIC DUR+ ! /RIKE1 ! VOLUNTE] GU>D W]E ABLE TO MA9TA9 A PEACEFUL 5VIRONM5T1 ACCOMPLI%+ :AT ! /ATE ITSELF C\LD NOT4 

,?IS CONTEXT ( SOLID>ITY1 FREE FOOD1 & EMP[]M5T ( ! COMMON P]SON PLAY$ A ROLE 9 DRY+ UP CRIME AT ITS S\RCE4 ,M>G9ALIZ$ PEOPLE GA9$ OPPORTUNITIES = COMMUNITY 9VOLVEM5T1 DECISION-MAK+1 & SOCIAL 9CLUSION ?AT W]E D5I$ TO !M BY ! CAPITALI/ REGIME4 ,! ABS5CE ( ! POLICE1 :OSE PRES5CE EMPHASIZES CLASS T5SIONS & CREATES A HO/ILE 5VIRONM5T1 MAY HAVE ACTUALLY DECREAS$ L[]-CLASS CRIME4 ,EV5 ! AU?ORITIES REM>K$ ON H[ ORGANIZ$ ! CITY WAS3 ,MAJOR ,G5]AL ,JOHN ,F4 ,MORRISON1 /ATION$ 9 ,SEATTLE1 CLAIM$ ?AT HE HAD NEV] SE5 0A CITY SO QUIET & SO ORD]LY40 ,! /RIKE WAS ULTIMATELY %UT D[N BY ! 9VASION ( ?\S&S ( TROOPS & POLICE DEPUTIES1 C\PL$ ) PRESSURE FROM ! UNION LEAD]%IP4.<#g#c.> 

,9 ,OAXACA ,CITY 9 #b#f1 DUR+ ! FIVE MON?S ( AUTONOMY AT ! HEI<T ( ! REVOLT1 ! ,A,P,P,O1 ! POPUL> ASSEMBLY ORGANIZ$ BY ! /RIK+ TEA*]S & O!R ACTIVI/S TO COORD9ATE !IR RESI/ANCE & ORGANIZE LIFE 9 ,OAXACA ,CITY1 E/ABLI%$ A VOLUNTE] WAT* ?AT HELP$ KEEP ?+S PEACEFUL 9 ESPECIALLY VIOL5T & DIVISIVE CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,= !IR P>T1 ! POLICE & P>AMILIT>IES KILL$ OV] T5 PEOPLE -- ?IS WAS ! ONLY BLOODBA? 9 ! ABS5CE ( /ATE P[]4 

,! POPUL> MOVEM5T 9 ,OAXACA WAS ABLE TO MA9TA9 RELATIVE PEACE DESPITE ALL ! VIOL5CE IMPOS$ BY ! /ATE4 ,!Y ACCOMPLI%$ ?IS BY MODIFY+ AN 9DIG5\S CU/OM = ! NEW SITUATION3 !Y US$ TOPILES1 ROTAT+ WAT*ES ?AT MA9TA9 SECURITY 9 9DIG5\S COMMUNITIES4 ,! TEA*]'S UNION ALREADY US$ TOPILES AS SECURITY VOLUNTE]S DUR+ ! 5CAMPM5T1 BE=E ! ,A,P,P,O WAS =M$1 & ! ,A,P,P,O QUICKLY EXT5D$ ! PRACTICE AS P>T ( A SECURITY COMMISSION TO PROTECT ! CITY AGA9/ POLICE & P>AMILIT>IES4 ,A L>GE P>T ( ! TOPILES' DUTY 9CLUD$ OCCUPY+ GOV]NM5T BUILD+S & DEF5D+ B>RICADES & OCCUPATIONS4 ,?IS MEANT !Y (T5 HAD TO FI<T >M$ POLICE & P>AMILIT>IES ) NO?+ BUT ROCKS & FIRECRACK]S4 

,SOME ( ! WOR/ ATTACKS HAPP5$ 9 FRONT ( ! OCCUPI$ BUILD+S4 ,WE W]E GU>D+ ! ,SECRET>Y ( ! ,ECONOMY BUILD+1 :5 WE REALIZ$ ?AT SOME:]E 9SIDE ! BUILD+ !RE WAS A GR\P ( PEOPLE PREP>+ TO ATTACK US4 ,WE KNOCK$ ON ! DOOR & NO ONE RESPOND$4 ,FIVE M9UTES LAT]1 AN >M$ GR\P DROVE \T FROM BEH9D ! BUILD+ & />T$ %OOT+ AT US4 ,WE TRI$ TO F9D COV]1 BUT WE KNEW IF WE BACK$ AWAY1 ALL ! PEOPLE AT ! B>RICADE 9 FRONT ( ! BUILD+ -- !RE MU/ HAVE BE5 >\ND =TY PEOPLE -- W\LD BE 9 S]I\S DANG]4 ,SO WE DECID$ TO HOLD \R POSITION1 & DEF5D$ \RSELVES ) ROCKS4 ,!Y KEPT FIR+ AT US UNTIL !IR BULLETS RAN \T & DROVE AWAY1 BECAUSE !Y SAW ?AT WE W]5'T GO+ ANY:]E4 ,SEV]AL ( US W]E W\ND$4 ,ONE GUY TOOK A BULLET 9 HIS LEG & ! O!R GOT %OT 9 ! BACK4 ,LAT]1 SOME RE9=CEM5TS >RIV$1 BUT ! HIT M5 HAD ALREADY RETREAT$4 

,WE DIDN'T HAVE ANY GUNS4 ,AT ! ,(FICE ( ! ,ECONOMY1 WE DEF5D$ \RSELVES ) /ONES4 ,AS TIME W5T ON & WE F\ND \RSELVES UND] ATTACK BY GUNFIRE MORE & MORE FREQU5TLY1 SO WE />T$ MAK+ ?+S TO DEF5D \RSELVES )3 FIRECRACK]S1 HOMEMADE BOTTLE-ROCKET LAUN*]S1 MOLOTOV COCKTAILS2 ALL ( US HAD SOME?+4 ,& IF WE DIDN'T HAVE ANY ( ?OSE ?+S1 WE DEF5D$ PEOPLE ) \R BODIES OR B>E H&S4.<#g#d.> 

,AFT] SU* ATTACKS1 ! TOPILES W\LD HELP TAKE ! W\ND$ TO FIR/ AID C5T]S4 

,! SECURITY VOLUNTE]S ALSO RESPOND$ TO COMMON CRIME4 ,IF SOMEONE WAS BE+ ROBB$ OR ASSAULT$1 ! NEI<BORS W\LD RAISE ! AL>M & ! NEI<BORHOOD TOPILES W\LD COME2 IF ! ASSAILANT WAS ON DRUGS HE W\LD BE TI$ UP 9 ! C5TRAL PLAZA = ! NI<T1 & ! NEXT DAY MADE TO PICK UP G>BAGE OR P]=M ANO!R TYPE ( COMMUNITY S]VICE4 ,DIFF]5T PEOPLE HAD DIFF]5T IDEAS ON :AT LONG-T]M SOLUTIONS TO 9/ITUTE1 & AS ! REBELLION 9 ,OAXACA WAS POLITICALLY V]Y DIV]SE1 NOT ALL !SE IDEAS W]E REVOLUTION>Y2 SOME PEOPLE WANT$ TO H& ROBB]S OR ASSAULT]S OV] TO ! C\RTS1 ?\< IT WAS WIDELY BELIEV$ ?AT ! GOV]NM5T RELEAS$ ALL LAW-BREAK]S & 5C\RAG$ !M TO GO BACK & COMMIT MORE ANTI-SOCIAL CRIMES4 

,! HI/ORY ( ,EX>*IA1 A NEI<BORHOOD 9 C5TRAL ,A!NS1 %[S ?R\<\T ! YE>S ?AT ! POLICE DO NOT PROTECT US1 !Y 5DANG] US4 ,= YE>S1 ,EX>*IA HAS BE5 ! /RON<OLD ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T & ! C\NT]CULTURE4 ,! NEI<BORHOOD HAS PROTECT$ ITSELF FROM G5TRIFICATION & POLIC+ ?R\< A V>IETY ( MEANS4 ,LUXURY C>S >E REGUL>LY BURN$ IF !Y >E P>K$ !RE OV]NI<T4 ,AFT] BE+ T>GET$ ) PROP]TY DE/RUCTION & SOCIAL PRESSURE1 %OP & RE/AURANT [N]S NO LONG] TRY TO REMOVE POLITICAL PO/]S FROM !IR WALLS1 KICK \T VAGRANTS1 OR O!RWISE CREATE A COMM]CIAL ATMOSPH]E 9 ! /REETS2 !Y HAVE CONC$$ ?AT ! /REETS BELONG TO ! PEOPLE4 ,UND]COV] COPS :O 5T] ,EX>*IA HAVE BE5 BRUTALLY BEAT5 ON A NUMB] ( OCCASIONS4 ,DUR+ ! RUN-UP TO ! ,OLYMPICS ! CITY TRI$ TO R5OVATE ,EX>*IA ,SQU>E TO TURN IT 9TO A T\RI/ SPOT RA!R ?AN A LOCAL HANG\T4 ,! NEW PLAN1 = EXAMPLE1 9CLUD$ A L>GE F\NTA9 & NO B5*ES4 ,NEI<BORS BEGAN MEET+1 CAME UP ) !IR [N R5OVATION PLAN1 & 9=M$ ! CON/RUCTION COMPANY ?AT !Y W\LD USE ! LOCAL PLAN RA!R ?AN ! CITY GOV]NM5T'S PLAN4 ,REPEAT$ DE/RUCTION ( ! CON/RUCTION EQUIPM5T F9ALLY CONV9C$ ! COMPANY :O WAS BOSS4 ,! R5OVAT$ P>K TODAY HAS MORE GRE5 SPACE1 NO T\RI/Y F\NTA91 & NICE1 NEW B5*ES4 

,ATTACKS AGA9/ POLICE 9 ,EX>*IA >E FREQU5T1 & >M$ RIOT POLICE >E ALWAYS /ATION$ NE>BY4 ,OV] ! PA/ YE>S1 POLICE HAVE GONE BACK & =? BETWE5 TRY+ TO OCCUPY ,EX>*IA BY =CE1 OR MA9TA9+ A GU>D >\ND ! BORD]S ( ! NEI<BORHOOD ) >M$ GR\PS ( RIOT COPS CON/ANTLY READY = AN ATTACK4 ,AT NO PO9T HAVE ! POLICE BE5 ABLE TO C>RY \T NORMAL POLIC+ ACTIVITIES4 ,POLICE DO NOT PATROL ! NEI<BORHOOD ON FOOT1 & R>ELY DRIVE ?R\<4 ,:5 !Y 5T]1 !Y COME PREP>$ TO FI<T & DEF5D !MSELVES4 ,PEOPLE SPRAY GRAFFITI & PUT UP PO/]S 9 BROAD DAYLI<T4 ,IT IS TO A L>GE EXT5T A LAWLESS ZONE1 & PEOPLE COMMIT CRIMES ) AN A/ONI%+ FREQU5CY & OP5NESS4 ,H[EV]1 IT IS NOT A DANG]\S NEI<BORHOOD4 ,! CRIMES ( *OICE >E POLITICAL OR AT LEA/ VICTIMLESS1 LIKE SMOK+ WE$4 ,IT IS SAFE TO WALK !RE ALONE AT NI<T1 UNLESS Y\ >E A COP1 PEOPLE 9 ! /REETS >E RELAX$ & FRI5DLY1 & P]SONAL PROP]TY FACES NO GREAT ?REAT1 ) ! EXCEPTION ( LUXURY C>S & ! LIKE4 ,! POLICE >E NOT WELCOME H]E1 & !Y >E NOT NE$$ H]E4 

,& IT IS EXACTLY 9 ?IS SITUATION ?AT !Y DEMON/RATE !IR TRUE *>ACT]4 ,!Y >E NOT AN 9/ITUTION ?AT RESPONDS TO CRIME OR SOCIAL NE$1 !Y >E AN 9/ITUTION ?AT ASS]TS SOCIAL CONTROL4 ,9 PA/ YE>S1 POLICE TRI$ TO FLOOD ! >EA1 & ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 P>TICUL>1 ) ADDICTIVE DRUGS LIKE H]O91 & !Y HAVE DIRECTLY 5C\RAG$ JUNKIES TO HANG \T 9 ,EX>*IA ,SQU>E4 ,IT WAS UP TO AN>*I/S & O!R NEI<BORS TO DEF5D !MSELVES FROM !SE =MS ( POLICE VIOL5CE & /OP ! SPREAD ( ADDICTIVE DRUGS4 ,UNABLE TO BREAK ! REBELLI\S SPIRIT ( ! NEI<BORHOOD1 POLICE HAVE RESORT$ TO MORE AGGRESSIVE TACTICS1 TAK+ ON ! *>ACT]I/ICS ( A MILIT>Y OCCUPATION4 ,ON ,DECEMB] #f1 #b#h1 ?IS APPROA* PRODUC$ ITS 9EVITABLE CONCLUSION :5 TWO COPS %OT #a#e-YE>-OLD AN>*I/ ,ALEXIS ,GRIGOROP\LOS TO DEA? 9 ! MIDDLE ( ,EX>*IA4 ,)9 A FEW H\RS1 ! C\NT]ATTACKS BEGAN1 & = DAYS ! POLICE ?R\<\T ,GREECE W]E PUMMEL$ ) CLUBS1 ROCKS1 MOLOTOV COCKTAILS1 & 9 A C\PLE ( 9CID5TS1 GUNFIRE4 ,! LIB]AT$ ZONES ( ,A!NS & O!R ,GREEK CITIES >E EXP&+1 & ! POLICE >E AFRAID TO EVICT !SE NEW OCCUPATIONS BECAUSE ! PEOPLE HAVE PROV5 !MSELVES TO BE /RONG]4 ,CURR5TLY1 ! M$IA IS WAG+ A CAMPAIGN ( FE>1 9CREAS+ COV]AGE ( ANTISOCIAL CRIME & TRY+ TO CONFLATE !SE CRIMES ) ! PRES5CE ( AUTONOM\S >EAS4 ,CRIME IS A TOOL ( ! /ATE1 US$ TO SC>E PEOPLE1 ISOLATE PEOPLE1 & MAKE GOV]NM5T SEEM NECESS>Y4 ,BUT GOV]NM5T IS NO?+ BUT A PROTECTION RACKET4 ,! /ATE IS A MAFIA ?AT HAS WON CONTROL OV] SOCIETY1 & ! LAW IS ! CODIFICATION ( EV]Y?+ !Y HAVE /OL5 FROM US4 

,! ,ROTUMAN >E A TRADITIONALLY /ATELESS PEOPLE :O LIVE ON ! ISL& ( ,ROTUMA 9 ! ,S\? ,PACIFIC1 NOR? ( ,FIJI4 ,ACCORD+ TO AN?ROPOLOGI/ ,ALAN ,H[>D1 MEMB]S ( ?IS S$5T>Y SOCIETY >E SOCIALIZ$ NOT TO BE VIOL5T4 ,CULTURAL NORMS PROMOTE RESPECTFUL & G5TLE BEHAVIOR T[>DS *ILDR54 ,PHYSICAL PUNI%M5T IS EXTREMELY R>E1 & ALMO/ NEV] 9T5D$ TO ACTUALLY HURT ! MISBEHAV+ *ILD4 ,9/EAD1 ,ROTUMAN ADULTS USE %AME 9/EAD ( PUNI%M5T1 A /RATEGY ?AT RAISES *ILDR5 ) A HI< DEGREE ( SOCIAL S5SITIVITY4 ,ADULTS WILL ESPECIALLY %AME *ILDR5 :O ACT LIKE BULLIES1 & 9 !IR [N CONFLICTS ADULTS TRY V]Y H>D NOT TO MAKE O!RS ANGRY4 ,FROM ,H[>D'S P]SPECTIVE AS AN \TSID] FROM ! MORE AU?ORIT>IAN ,WE/1 *ILDR5 >E GIV5 0AN A/ONI%+ DEGREE ( AUTONOMY0 & ! PR9CIPLE ( P]SONAL AUTONOMY EXT5DS ?R\<\T ! SOCIETY3 0,NOT ONLY DO 9DIVIDUALS EX]CISE AUTONOMY )9 !IR H\SEHOLDS & COMMUNITIES1 BUT VILLAGES >E ALSO AUTONOM\S 9 RELATION TO ONE ANO!R1 & DI/RICTS >E ESS5TIALLY AUTONOM\S POLITICAL UNITS40.<#g#e.> ,! ,ROTUMAN !MSELVES PROBABLY DESCRIBE !IR SITUATION ) DIFF]5T WORDS1 ?\< WE C\LD F9D NO 9SID] ACC\NTS4 ,P]HAPS !Y MI<T EMPHASIZE ! HORIZONTAL RELATION%IPS ?AT CONNECT H\SEHOLDS & VILLAGES1 BUT TO OBS]V]S RAIS$ 9 A ,EURO_/,AM]ICAN CULTURE & TRA9$ 9 ! BELIEF ?AT A SOCIETY IS ONLY HELD TOGE!R BY AU?ORITY1 :AT /&S \T MO/ IS ! AUTONOMY ( ! DIFF]5T H\SEHOLDS & VILLAGES4 

,?\< ! ,ROTUMAN CURR5TLY EXI/ UND] AN IMPOS$ GOV]NM5T1 !Y AVOID CONTACT ) IT & DEP5D5CE ON IT4 ,IT IS PROBABLY NO CO9CID5CE ?AT ! ,ROTUMAN MURD] RATE /&S AT ! L[ LEVEL ( #b4#b P] #a1 PEOPLE P] YE>1 ?REE TIMES L[] ?AN 9 ! ,U,S4 ,H[>D DESCRIBE ! ,ROTUMAN VIEW ( CRIME AS BE+ SIMIL> TO ?AT ( MANY O!R /ATELESS PEOPLES3 NOT AS ! VIOLATION ( A CODE OR /ATUTE1 BUT AS SOME?+ CAUS+ H>M OR HURT+ SOCIAL BONDS4 ,ACCORD+LY1 M$IATION IS IMPORTANT TO SOLV+ DISPUTES PEACEFULLY4 ,*IEFS & SUB-*IEFS ACT AS M$IATORS1 ?\< DI/+UI%$ ELD]S MAY 9T]V5E 9 ?AT ROLE AS WELL4 ,*IEFS >E NOT JUDGES1 & IF !Y DO NOT APPE> IMP>TIAL !Y WILL LOSE !IR FOLL[]S1 AS H\SEHOLDS >E FREE TO SWIT* BETWE5 GR\PS4 ,! MO/ IMPORTANT CONFLICT RESOLUTION ME*ANISM IS ! PUBLIC APOLOGY4 ,! PUBLIC APOLOGY HAS GREAT WEI<T ATTA*$ TO IT2 DEP5D+ ON ! S]I\SNESS ( ! (F5SE1 IT MAY BE ACCOMPANI$ BY RITUAL PEACE (F]+S AS WELL4 ,APOLOGIZ+ PROP]LY IS HONORABLE1 :ILE D5Y+ AN APOLOGY IS DI%ONORABLE4 ,MEMB]S MA9TA9 !IR /&+ & /ATUS 9 ! GR\P BY BE+ ACC\NTABLE1 BE+ S5SITIVE TO GR\P OP9ION1 & RESOLV+ CONFLICTS4 ,IF SOME PEOPLE ACT$ 9 A WAY ?AT WE MI<T EXPECT 9 A SOCIETY BAS$ ON POLICE & PUNI%M5T1 !Y W\LD ISOLATE !MSELVES & ?US LIMIT !IR H>MFUL 9FLU5CE4 

,= TWO MON?S 9 #a#i#g#c1 MAXIMUM-SECURITY PRISON]S 9 ,MASSA*USETTS %[$ ?AT SUPPOS$ CRIM9ALS MAY BE LESS RESPONSIBLE = ! VIOL5CE 9 \R SOCIETY ?AN !IR GU>DS4 ,AFT] ! PRISON MASSACRE AT ,ATTICA 9 #aiga FOCUS$ NATIONAL ATT5TION ON ! DRAMATIC FAILURE ( ! PRISON SY/EM TO CORRECT OR REHABILITATE PEOPLE CONVICT$ ( CRIMES1 ! GOV]NOR ( ,MASSA*USETTS APPO9T$ A RE=MI/ COMMISSION] TO ! ,DEP>TM5T ( ,CORRECTIONS4 ,MEAN:ILE1 ! 9MATES ( ,WALPOLE /ATE PRISON HAD =M$ A PRISON]S' UNION4 ,!IR GOALS 9CLUD$ PROTECT+ !MSELVES FROM ! GU>DS1 BLOCK+ ! ATTEMPTS ( PRISON ADM9I/RATORS TO 9/ITUTE BEHAVIORAL MODIFICATION PROGRAMS1 & ORGANIZ+ PRISON]S' PROGRAMS = $UCATION1 EMP[]M5T1 & HEAL+4 ,!Y S\<T MORE VISITATION RI<TS1 WORK OR VOLUNTE] ASSIGNM5TS \TSIDE ! PRISON1 & ! ABILITY TO E>N MONEY TO S5D TO !IR FAMILIES4 ,ULTIMATELY1 !Y HOP$ TO 5D RECIDIVISM -- EX-PRISON]S GETT+ CONVICT$ AGA9 & RETURN+ TO PRISON -- & TO ABOLI% ! PRISON SY/EM ITSELF4 

,BLACK PRISON]S HAD =M$ A ,BLACK ,P[] $UCATION & CULTURAL GR\P TO CREATE UNITY & C\NT] ! RACISM ( ! :ITE MAJORITY1 & ?IS PROV$ 9/RUM5TAL 9 ! =MATION ( ! UNION 9 ! FACE ( REPRESSION FROM GU>DS4 ,FIR/ ( ALL1 !Y HAD TO 5D ! RACE W> BETWE5 ! PRISON]S1 A W> ?AT WAS 5C\RAG$ BY ! GU>DS4 ,LEAD]S FROM ALL GR\PS ( PRISON]S BROK]$ A G5]AL TRUCE :I* !Y GU>ANTE$ ) ! PROMISE TO KILL ANY 9MATE :O BROKE IT4 ,! PRISON UNION WAS SUPPORT$ BY AN \TSIDE GR\P ( M$IA-SAVVY CIVIL RI<TS & RELIGI\S ACTIVI/S1 ?\< COMMUNICATION BETWE5 ! TWO GR\PS WAS SOMETIMES HAMP]$ BY ! LATT]'S S]VICE-PROVID] M5TALITY & OR?ODOX COMMITM5T TO NONVIOL5CE4 ,IT HELP$ ?AT ! ,CORRECTIONS COMMISSION] SUPPORT$ ! IDEA ( A PRISON]S' UNION1 RA!R ?AN OPPOS+ IT \TRI<T AS MO/ PRISON ADM9I/RATORS W\LD HAVE4 

,E>LY ON 9 ! LIFE ( ! ,WALPOLE PRISON]S' UNION1 ! PRISON SUP]9T5D5T ATTEMPT$ TO DIVIDE ! PRISON]S BY PUTT+ ! PRISON UND] AN >BITR>Y LOCKD[N JU/ AS ! BLACK PRISON]S W]E PREP>+ !IR ,KWANZAA CELEBRATION4 ,! :ITE PRISON]S HAD ALREADY HAD !IR ,*RI/MAS CELEBRATIONS UNDI/URB$1 & ! BLACK PRISON]S HAD SP5T ALL DAY COOK+1 EAG]LY ANTICIPAT+ FAMILY VISITS4 ,9 AN AMAZ+ DISPLAY ( SOLID>ITY1 ALL ! PRISON]S W5T ON /RIKE1 REFUS+ TO WORK OR LEAVE !IR CELLS4 ,= ?REE MON?S1 !Y SUFF]$ BEAT+S1 SOLIT>Y CONF9EM5T1 />VATION1 D5IAL ( M$ICAL C>E1 ADDICTION TO TRANQUILIZ]S H&$ \T BY ! GU>DS1 & DISGU/+ CONDITIONS AS EXCREM5T & REFUSE PIL$ UP 9 & >\ND !IR CELLS4 ,BUT ! PRISON]S REFUS$ TO BE BROK5 OR DIVID$4 ,EV5TUALLY ! /ATE HAD TO NEGOTIATE2 !Y W]E RUNN+ \T ( ! LIC5SE PLATES ,WALPOLE PRISON]S NORMALLY PRODUC$ & !Y W]E GETT+ BAD PRESS OV] ! CRISIS4 

,! PRISON]S WON !IR FIR/ DEM&3 ! PRISON SUP]9T5D5T WAS =C$ TO RESIGN4 ,QUICKLY !Y WON ADDITIONAL DEM&S = EXP&$ VISIT+ RI<TS1 FURL\<1 SELF-ORGANIZ$ PROGRAMS1 REVIEW & RELEASE ( ?OSE 9 SEGREGATION1 & CIVILIAN OBS]V]S 9SIDE ! PRISON4 ,9 EX*ANGE1 !Y CLEAN$ UP ! PRISON1 & BR\<T :AT ! GU>DS NEV] HAD3 PEACE4 

,9 PROTE/ ( !IR LOSS ( CONTROL1 ! GU>DS WALK$ (F ! JOB4 ,!Y ?\<T ?IS ACT W\LD PROVE H[ NECESS>Y !Y W]E1 BUT EMB>RASS+LY = !M1 IT HAD ! EXACT OPPOSITE EFFECT4 ,= TWO MON?S1 ! PRISON]S RAN ! PRISON !MSELVES4 ,= MU* ( ?AT TIME1 ! GU>DS W]E NOT PRES5T )9 ! CELL BLOCKS1 ?\< /ATE POLICE CONTROLL$ ! PRISON P]IMET] TO PREV5T ESCAPES4 ,CIVILIAN OBS]V]S W]E 9SIDE ! PRISON TW5TY-F\R H\RS A DAY1 BUT !Y W]E TRA9$ NOT TO 9T]V5E2 !IR ROLE WAS TO DOCUM5T ! SITUATION1 TALK ) PRISON]S1 & PREV5T VIOL5CE FROM GU>DS :O SOMETIMES 5T]$ ! PRISON4 ,ONE OBS]V] REC\NT$3 

,! ATMOSPH]E WAS SO RELAX$ -- NOT AT ALL :AT ,I EXPECT$4 ,I F9D ?AT MY [N ?9K+ HAS BE5 SO CONDITION$ BY SOCIETY & ! M$IA4 ,!SE M5 >E NOT ANIMALS1 !Y >E NOT DANG]\S MANIACS4 ,I F\ND MY [N FE>S W]E REALLY GR\NDLESS4 

,ANO!R OBS]V] 9SI/$ 0,IT IS IMP]ATIVE ?AT NONE ( ! P]SONNEL =M]LY 9 ,BLOCK #i .<A SEGREGATION BLOCK.> EV] RETURN4 ,IT'S WOR? PAY+ !M TO RETIRE4 ,! GU>DS >E ! SECURITY PROBLEM40.<#g#f.> 

,WALPOLE HAD BE5 ONE ( ! MO/ VIOL5T PRISONS 9 ! C\NTRY1 BUT :ILE ! PRISON]S W]E 9 CONTROL1 RECIDIVISM DROPP$ DRAMATICALLY & MURD]S & RAPES FELL TO Z]O4 ,! PRISON]S HAD DISPROV$ TWO FUNDAM5TAL MY?S ( ! CRIM9AL JU/ICE SY/EM3 ?AT PEOPLE :O COMMIT CRIMES %\LD BE ISOLAT$1 & ?AT !Y %\LD BE RECIPI5TS ( 5=C$ REHABILITATION RA!R ?AN ! ONES :O CONTROL !IR [N HEAL+4 

,! GU>DS W]E EAG] TO 5D ?IS EMB>RASS+ EXP]IM5T 9 PRISON ABOLITION4 ,! GU>DS' UNION WAS P[]FUL 5\< TO PROVOKE A POLITICAL CRISIS1 & ! ,CORRECTIONS COMMISSION] C\LD NOT FIRE ANY ( !M1 EV5 ?OSE :O 5GAG$ 9 TORTURE OR MADE RACI/ /ATEM5TS TO ! PRESS4 ,TO KEEP HIS JOB1 ! COMMISSION] HAD TO BR+ ! GU>DS BACK 9TO ! PRISON1 & HE EV5TUALLY SOLD \T ! PRISON]S4 ,MAJOR ELEM5TS ( ! P[] /RUCTURE 9CLUD+ ! POLICE1 GU>DS1 PROSECUTORS1 POLITICIANS1 & M$IA OPPOS$ ! PRISON RE=MS & MADE !M IMPOSSIBLE TO A*IEVE )9 DEMOCRATIC *ANNELS4 ,! CIVILIAN OBS]V]S UNANIM\SLY AGRE$ ?AT ! GU>DS BR\<T *AOS & VIOL5CE BACK TO ! PRISON1 & ?AT !Y 9T5TIONALLY DISRUPT$ ! PEACEFUL RESULTS ( PRISON] SELF-ORGANIZATION4 ,9 ! 5D1 TO CRU% ! PRISON]S' UNION1 ! GU>DS /AG$ A RIOT & ! /ATE POLICE W]E CALL$ 91 %OOT+ SEV]AL PRISON]S & TORTUR+ KEY ORGANIZ]S4 ,! MO/ RECOGNIZABLE LEAD] ( ! BLACK PRISON]S ONLY SAV$ HIS LIFE ?R\< >M$ SELF-DEF5SE4 

,MANY ( ! CIVILIAN OBS]V]S & ! ,CORRECTIONS COMMISSION]1 :O WAS SOON =C$ \T ( HIS JOB1 ULTIMATELY CAME TO FAVOR PRISON ABOLITION4 ,! PRISON]S :O TOOK OV] ,WALPOLE CONT9U$ TO FI<T = !IR FRE$OM & DIGNITY1 BUT ! GU>DS' UNION 5D$ UP ) GREAT] P[] ?AN BE=E1 ! M$IA CEAS$ TALK+ AB\T PRISON RE=M1 & AS ( ?IS WRIT+ ,WALPOLE PRISON1 N[ ,M,C,I ,C$> ,JUNCTION1 /ILL W>EH\SES1 TORTURES1 & KILLS PEOPLE :O DES]VE TO BE 9 !IR COMMUNITIES1 WORK+ T[>DS A SAF] SOCIETY4 

,:AT AB\T GANGS & BULLIES8 

,SOME FE> ?AT 9 A SOCIETY )\T AU?ORITIES1 ! /RONGE/ PEOPLE W\LD RUN AMOK1 TAK+ & DO+ :ATEV] !Y WANT$4 ,NEV] M9D ?AT ?IS DESCRIBES :AT G5]ALLY GOES ON 9 SOCIETIES ) GOV]NM5T6 ,?IS FE> D]IVES FROM ! /ATI/ MY? ?AT WE >E ALL ISOLAT$4 ,! GOV]NM5T W\LD V]Y MU* LIKE Y\ TO BELIEVE ?AT )\T ITS PROTECTION Y\ >E VULN]ABLE TO ! :IMS ( ANYONE /RONG] ?AN Y\4 ,H[EV]1 NO BULLY IS /RONG] ?AN AN 5TIRE COMMUNITY4 ,A P]SON :O %ATT]S ! SOCIAL PEACE1 DISRESPECTS ANO!R P]SON'S NE$S1 & ACTS 9 AN AU?ORIT>IAN1 BULLY+ WAY CAN BE DEFEAT$ OR KICK$ \T BY NEI<BORS WORK+ TOGE!R TO RE/ORE ! PEACE4 

,9 ,*RI/IANIA1 ! ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN1 AUTONOM\S QU>T] 9 ,D5M>K'S CAPITAL1 !Y HAVE BE5 DEAL+ ) !IR [N PROBLEMS1 & ! PROBLEMS ASSOCIAT$ ) ALL ! VISITORS !Y RECEIVE & ! RESULT+ HI< SOCIAL MOBILITY4 ,MANY PEOPLE COME AS T\RI/S1 & MANY MORE COME TO BUY HA% -- !RE >E NO LAWS 9 ,*RI/IANIA & S(T DRUGS >E EASY TO COME BY1 ?\< H>D DRUGS HAVE BE5 SUCCESSFULLY BANN$4 ,)9 ,*RI/IANIA !RE >E NUM]\S WORK%OPS ?AT PRODUCE A V>IETY ( GOODS1 MO/ FAM\SLY !IR HI<-QUALITY BICYCLES2 !RE >E ALSO RE/AURANTS1 CAFES1 A K9D]G>T51 A CL9IC1 A HEAL? FOOD %OP1 A BOOK %OP1 AN AN>*I/ SPACE1 & A CONC]T V5UE4 ,*RI/IANIA HAS NEV] BE5 SUCCESSFULLY DOM9AT$ BY GANGS OR RESID5T BULLIES4 ,9 #aihd A MOTORCYCLE GANG MOV$ 91 HOP+ TO EXPLOIT ! LAWLESSNESS ( ! AUTONOM\S ZONE & MONOPOLIZE ! HA% TRADE4 ,AFT] SEV]AL CONFLICTS1 ! RESID5TS ( ,*RI/IANIA SUCCE$$ 9 KICK+ \T ! BIK]S1 US+ MO/LY PEACEFUL TACTICS4 

,! WOR/ BULLY+ HAS COME FROM ! POLICE1 :O REC5TLY RESUM$ 5T]+ ,*RI/IANIA TO >RE/ PEOPLE = M>IJUANA & HA%1 G5]ALLY AS A PRETEXT TO ESCALATE T5SIONS4 ,LOCAL REAL E/ATE DEVELOP]S W\LD LOVE TO SEE ! FREE /ATE DE/ROY$ BECAUSE IT SITS ON L& ?AT HAS BECOME V]Y VALUABLE4 ,DECADES AGO1 ! RESID5TS ( ,*RI/IANIA HAD A HEAT$ DEBATE AB\T H[ TO DEAL ) ! PROBLEM ( H>D DRUGS COM+ 9 FROM \TSIDE4 ,OV] MU* OPPOSITION1 !Y DECID$ TO ASK ! POLICE = HELP1 ONLY TO F9D ?AT ! POLICE CONC5TRAT$ ON LOCK+ PEOPLE UP = S(T DRUGS & PROTECT$ ! SPREAD ( H>D DRUGS LIKE H]O91 PRESUMABLY 9 ! HOPE ?AT AN ADDICTION EPIDEMIC W\LD DE/ROY ! AUTONOM\S SOCIAL EXP]IM5T.<#g#g.>4 ,IT IS BY NO MEANS ! FIR/ TIME POLICE OR O!R AG5TS ( ! /ATE HAVE SPREAD ADDICTIVE DRUGS :ILE SUPPRESS+ S(T OR HALLUC9OG5IC DRUGS2 9 FACT ?IS SEEMS UNIV]SALLY TO BE A P>T ( POLICE /RATEGIES = REPRESSION4 ,9 ! 5D1 ! RESID5TS ( ,*RI/IANIA KICK$ \T ! POLICE & DEALT ) ! H>D DRUG PROBLEM !MSELVES1 BY KEEP+ \T DEAL]S & US+ SOCIAL PRESSURE TO DISC\RAGE H>D DRUG USE4 

,9 ,*RI/IANIA AS ELSE:]E1 ! /ATE PRES5TS ! GREATE/ DANG] TO ! COMMUNITY4 ,UNLIKE ! 9DIVIDUAL BULLIES ONE IMAG9ES T]RORIZ+ A LAWLESS SOCIETY1 ! /ATE CANNOT BE EASILY DEFEAT$4 ,TYPICALLY1 ! /ATE SEEKS A MONOPOLY ON =CE ON ! PRETEXT ( PROTECT+ CITIZ5S FROM O!R BULLIES2 ?IS IS ! JU/IFICATION = PROHIBIT+ ANYONE \TSIDE ! /ATE APP>ATUS FROM US+ =CE1 ESPECIALLY 9 SELF-DEF5SE AGA9/ ! GOV]NM5T4 ,9 RETURN = REL9QUI%+ ?IS P[]1 CITIZ5S >E DIRECT$ TO ! C\RT SY/EM AS A MEANS ( DEF5D+ !IR 9T]E/S2 BUT ( C\RSE1 ! C\RT SY/EM IS P>T ( ! /ATE1 & PROTECTS ITS 9T]E/S ABOVE ALL O!RS4 ,:5 ! GOV]NM5T COMES TO SEIZE Y\R L& TO BUILD A %OPP+ MALL1 = EXAMPLE1 Y\ CAN TAKE ! MATT] TO C\RT OR EV5 BR+ IT BE=E ! CITY C\NCIL1 BUT Y\ MI<T F9D Y\RSELF TALK+ TO SOMEONE :O /&S TO PR(IT FROM ! %OPP+ MALL4 ,! BULLY'S C\RTS WILL NOT BE FAIR TO ! BULLY'S VICTIMS1 & !Y WILL NOT SYMPA?IZE ) Y\ IF Y\ DEF5D Y\RSELF AGA9/ ! EVICTION4 ,9/EAD1 !Y WILL LOCK Y\ UP4 

,9 ?IS CONTEXT1 ?OSE :O WANT RESOLUTION (T5 HAVE TO SEEK IT \TSIDE ! C\RTS4 ,A MILIT>Y DICTATOR%IP SEIZ$ P[] 9 ,>G5T9A 9 #aigf & WAG$ A 0,DIRTY ,W>0 AGA9/ LEFTI/S1 TORTUR+ & KILL+ #c1 PEOPLE2 ! (FIC]S RESPONSIBLE = ! TORTURE & EXECUTIONS W]E P>DON$ BY ! DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5T ?AT SUCCE$$ ! DICTATOR%IP4 ,! ,MO!RS ( ! ,PLAZA DE ,MAYO1 :O BEGAN GA!R+ TO DEM& AN 5D TO ! DISAPPE>ANCES & TO KN[ :AT HAPP5$ TO !IR *ILDR51 W]E AN IMPORTANT SOCIAL =CE 9 5D+ ! REIGN ( T]ROR4 ,AS ! GOV]NM5T HAS NEV] TAK5 S]I\S /EPS TO HOLD ! MURD]]S & TORTUR]S ACC\NTABLE1 PEOPLE HAVE ELABORAT$ A POPUL> JU/ICE ?AT BUILDS ON & GOES BEYOND ! PROTE/S & MEMORIALS ORGANIZ$ BY ! ,MO!RS4 

,:5 A P>TICIPANT 9 ! ,DIRTY ,W> IS LOCAT$1 ACTIVI/S PUT UP PO/]S ?R\<\T ! NEI<BORHOOD 9=M+ EV]YONE ( HIS PRES5CE2 !Y MAY ASK LOCAL %OPS TO REFUSE ! P]SON 5TRY1 & FOLL[ & H>ASS HIM4 ,9 A TACTIC KN[N AS 0ESCRA*E10 HUNDR$S OR EV5 ?\S&S ( P>TICIPANTS WILL M>* TO ! H\SE ( A ,DIRTY ,W> P>TICIPANT ) SIGNS1 BANN]S1 PUPPETS1 & DRUMS4 ,!Y S+1 *ANT1 & MAKE MUSIC = H\RS1 %AM+ ! TORTUR] & LETT+ EV]YONE KN[ :AT HE HAS DONE2 ! CR[D MAY ATTACK HIS H\SE ) PA9T BOMBS4.<#g#h.> ,DESPITE A JU/ICE SY/EM ?AT PROTECTS ! P[]FUL1 ! SOCIAL MOVEM5TS ( ,>G5T9A HAVE ORGANIZ$ COLLECTIVELY TO %AME & ISOLATE ! V]Y WOR/ BULLIES4 

,:AT'S TO /OP SOMEONE FROM KILL+ PEOPLE8 

,MU* VIOL5T CRIME CAN BE TRAC$ BACK TO CULTURAL FACTORS4 ,VIOL5T CRIME1 SU* AS MURD]1 W\LD PROBABLY DECREASE DRAMATICALLY 9 AN AN>*I/ SOCIETY BECAUSE MO/ ( ITS CAUSES -- POV]TY1 TELEVIS$ GLORIFICATION ( VIOL5CE1 PRISONS & POLICE1 W>F>E1 SEXISM1 & ! NORMALIZATION ( 9DIVIDUALI/IC & ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIORS -- W\LD DISAPPE> OR DECREASE4 

,! DIFF]5CES BETWE5 TWO ,ZAPOTEC COMMUNITIES ILLU/RATES ?AT PEACE IS A *OICE4 ,! ,ZAPOTEC >E A S$5T>Y AGR>IAN 9DIG5\S NATION LIV+ ON L& ?AT IS N[ CLAIM$ BY ! /ATE ( ,MEXICO4 ,ONE ,ZAPOTEC COMMUNITY1 ,LA ,PAZ1 HAS A YE>LY HOMICIDE RATE ( #c4#d_/#a14 ,A NEI<BOR+ ,ZAPOTEC COMMUNITY HAS ! MU* HI<] HOMICIDE RATE ( #a#h4#a_/#a14 ,:AT SOCIAL ATTRIBUTES GO ALONG ) ! MORE PEACEFUL WAY ( LIFE8 ,UNLIKE !IR MORE VIOL5T NEI<BORS1 ! ,LA ,PAZ ,ZAPOTEC DO NOT BEAT *ILDR52 ACCORD+LY1 *ILDR5 SEE LESS VIOL5CE & USE LESS VIOL5CE 9 !IR PLAY4 ,SIMIL>LY1 WIFE-BEAT+ IS R>E & NOT CONSID]$ ACCEPTABLE2 WOM5 >E CONSID]$ EQUAL TO M51 & 5JOY AN AUTONOM\S ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ?AT IS IMPORTANT TO ! LIFE ( ! COMMUNITY SO !Y >E NOT DEP5D5T ON M54 ,REG>D+ *ILD-RE>+1 ! IMPLICATIONS ( ?IS P>TICUL> COMP>ISON >E CORROBORAT$ BY AT LEA/ ONE CROSS-CULTURAL /UDY ON SOCIALIZATION1 :I* F\ND ?AT W>M1 AFFECTIONATE SOCIALIZATION TE*NIQUES CORRELATE ) L[ LEVELS ( CONFLICT 9 SOCIETY4.<#g#i.> 

,! ,SEMAI & ! ,NORWEGIANS W]E BO? PREVI\SLY M5TION$ AS SOCIETIES ) L[ HOMICIDE RATES4 ,UNTIL COLONIALISM1 ! ,SEMAI W]E /ATELESS1 :]EAS ,NORWAY IS RUL$ BY A GOV]NM5T4 ,SOCIALIZATION IS RELATIVELY PEACEFUL AMONG ! ,SEMAI & ! ,NORWEGIANS ALIKE4 ,! ,SEMAI USE A GIFT ECONOMY SO WEAL? IS EV5LY DI/RIBUT$1 :ILE ,NORWAY HAS ONE ( ! L[E/ WEAL? GAPS ( ANY CAPITALI/ C\NTRY ON ACC\NT ( ITS SOCIALI/IC DOME/IC POLICIES4 ,A FUR!R SIMIL>ITY IS A RELIANCE ON M$IATION RA!R ?AN PUNI%M5T1 POLICE1 OR PRISONS TO SOLVE DISPUTES4 ,NORWAY DOES HAVE POLICE & A PRISON SY/EM1 BUT COMP>$ ) MO/ /ATES !RE IS A HI< RELIANCE ON CONFLICT M$IATION ME*ANISMS NOT UNLIKE ?OSE ?AT FL\RI% 9 PEACEFUL1 /ATELESS SOCIETIES4 ,MO/ CIVIL DISPUTES 9 ,NORWAY MU/ BE BR\<T BE=E M$IATORS BE=E !Y CAN BE TAK5 TO C\RT1 & ?\S&S ( CRIM9AL CASES >E TAK5 TO M$IATORS AS WELL4 ,9 #b#a1 AGREEM5T WAS REA*$ 9 #h#i.0 ( ! M$IATIONS4.<#h.> 

,SO 9 AN AN>*I/ SOCIETY1 VIOL5T CRIME W\LD BE LESS COMMON4 ,BUT :5 IT DID OCCUR1 W\LD SOCIETY BE MORE VULN]ABLE8 ,AFT] ALL1 ONE MI<T >GUE1 EV5 :5 VIOL5CE IS NO LONG] A RATIONAL SOCIAL RESPONSE1 PSY*OPA?IC KILL]S MI<T /ILL OCCASIONALLY APPE>4 ,LET IT SUFFICE TO SAY ?AT ANY SOCIETY CAPABLE ( OV]?R[+ A GOV]NM5T W\LD H>DLY BE AT ! M]CY ( LONE PSY*OPA?IC KILL]S4 ,& SOCIETIES ?AT DO NOT COME AB\T FROM A REVOLUTION BUT 5JOY A /RONG S5SE ( COMMUNITY & SOLID>ITY >E CAPABLE ( PROTECT+ !MSELVES AS WELL4 ,! ,9UIT1 HUNT]-GA!R]S 9DIG5\S TO ! >CTIC REGIONS ( ,NOR? ,AM]ICA1 PROVIDE AN EXAMPLE ( :AT A /ATELESS SOCIETY CAN DO 9 ! WOR/-CASE SC5>IO4 ,ACCORD+ TO !IR TRADITIONS1 IF A P]SON COMMITT$ A MURD]1 ! COMMUNITY W\LD =GIVE HIM & MAKE HIM RECONCILE ) ! FAMILY ( ! VICTIM4 ,IF ?AT P]SON COMMITS ANO!R MURD]1 HE W\LD BE KILL$ -- USUALLY BY MEMB]S ( HIS [N FAMILY GR\P1 SO !RE W\LD BE NO BAD BLOOD OR CAUSE = FEUD4 

,! /ATE'S PUNITIVE ME?ODS = DEAL+ ) CRIME MAKE ?+S WORSE1 NOT BETT]4 ,! RE/ORATIVE ME?ODS = RESPOND+ TO SOCIAL H>M ?AT >E US$ 9 MANY /ATELESS SOCIETIES OP5 NEW POSSIBILITIES = ESCAP+ ! CYCLES ( ABUSE1 PUNI%M5T1 & H>M ?AT >E ALL TOO FAMILI> TO MANY ( US4 

,:AT AB\T RAPE1 DOME/IC VIOL5CE1 & O!R =MS ( H>M8 

,MANY ACTIONS ?AT >E CONSID]$ CRIMES BY \R GOV]NM5T >E COMPLETELY H>MLESS2 SOME CRIMES1 SU* AS /EAL+ FROM ! WEAL?Y OR SABOTAG+ 9/RUM5TS ( W>F>E1 CAN ACTUALLY DECREASE H>M4 ,/ILL1 A NUMB] ( TRANSGRESSIONS ?AT >E N[ CONSID]$ CRIMES DO CON/ITUTE REAL SOCIAL H>M4 ,( !SE1 MURD] IS HI<LY S5SATIONALIZ$ BUT R>E COMP>$ TO O!R MORE COMMON PROBLEMS4 

,SEXUAL & DOME/IC VIOL5CE >E RAMPANT 9 \R SOCIETY1 & EV5 9 ! ABS5CE ( GOV]NM5T & CAPITALISM !SE =MS ( VIOL5CE WILL CONT9UE UNLESS !Y >E SPECIFICALLY ADDRESS$4 ,CURR5TLY1 MANY =MS ( SEXUAL & DOME/IC VIOL5CE >E COMMONLY TOL]AT$2 SOME >E EV5 SUBTLY 5C\RAG$ BY ,HOLLYWOOD1 *UR*ES1 & O!R MA9/REAM 9/ITUTIONS4 ,HOLLYWOOD (T5 SEXUALIZES RAPE &1 ALONG ) O!R CORPORATE M$IA & MO/ MAJOR RELIGIONS1 GLORIFIES FEMALE PASSIVITY & S]VILITY4 ,9 ! DISC\RSE !SE 9/ITUTIONS 9FLU5CE1 ! SEV]E PROBLEM ( SP\SAL RAPE IS IGNOR$1 & AS A RESULT MANY PEOPLE EV5 BELIEVE ?AT A HUSB& CANNOT RAPE A WIFE BECAUSE !Y >E JO9$ 9 A CONTRACTUAL SEXUAL UNION4 ,NEWS M$IA & ,HOLLYWOOD MOVIES REGUL>LY PORTRAY RAPE AS AN ACT COMMITT$ BY A /RANG] -- ESPECIALLY A POOR1 NON:ITE /RANG]4 ,9 ?IS V]SION1 A WOMAN'S ONLY HOPE IS TO BE PROTECT$ BY ! POLICE OR A BOYFRI5D4 ,BUT 9 FACT1 ! VA/ MAJORITY ( RAPES >E COMMITT$ BY BOYFRI5DS1 FRI5DS1 & FAMILY MEMB]S1 9 SITUATIONS ?AT FALL 9 ! GRAY >EA BETWE5 ! MA9/REAM DEF9ITIONS ( CONS5T & =CE4 ,MORE FREQU5TLY1 ,HOLLYWOOD IGNORES ! PROBLEMS ( RAPE1 ABUSE1 & DOME/IC VIOL5CE ALTOGE!R1 :ILE P]PETUAT+ ! MY? ( LOVE AT FIR/ SI<T4 ,9 ?IS MY?1 ! MAN W9S OV] ! WOMAN & ! TWO FULFILL ALL ( EA* O!R'S EMOTIONAL & SEXUAL NE$S1 MAK+ A P]FECT MAT* )\T HAV+ TO TALK AB\T CONS5T1 WORK ON COMMUNICATION1 OR NAVIGATE EMOTIONAL & SEXUAL B\ND>IES4 

,POLICE & O!R 9/ITUTIONS PURPORT+ TO PROTECT WOM5 FROM RAPE C\NSEL WOM5 NOT TO RESI/ = FE> ( AGGRAVAT+ !IR ATTACK]1 :5 ALL EVID5CE & COMMON S5SE SUGGE/ ?AT RESI/ANCE IS (T5 ONE'S BE/ *ANCE4 ,! /ATE R>ELY (F]S SELF-DEF5SE CLASSES TO WOM51 :ILE FREQU5TLY PROSECUT+ WOM5 :O KILL OR 9JURE ATTACK]S 9 SELF-DEF5SE4 ,PEOPLE :O GO TO ! /ATE TO REPORT SEXUAL OR PHYSICAL ASSAULT FACE ADD$ HUMILIATIONS4 ,C\RTS QUE/ION ! HONE/Y & MORAL 9TEGRITY ( WOM5 :O BRAVELY GO PUBLIC AFT] BE+ SEXUALLY ASSAULT$2 JUDGES AW>D CU/ODY ( *ILDR5 TO ABUSIVE FA!RS2 POLICE IGNORE DOME/IC VIOL5CE CALLS1 EV5 /&+ BY AS HUSB&S BEAT WIVES4 ,SOME LOCAL REGULATIONS REQUIRE ! POLICE TO >RE/ SOMEONE1 OR EV5 BO? 9VOLV$ P>TIES1 9 A DOME/IC VIOL5CE CALL2 (T5 A WOMAN :O CALLS = HELP IS H]SELF S5T TO JAIL4 ,TRANSG5D] PEOPLE >E BETRAY$ EV5 MORE REGUL>LY BY ! LEGAL SY/EM1 :I* REFUSES TO RESPECT !IR ID5TITIES & (T5 =CES !M 9TO PRISON CELLS ) PEOPLE ( DIFF]5T G5D]S4 ,WORK+ CLASS & HOMELESS TRANSG5D] PEOPLE >E SY/EMATICALLY RAP$ BY AG5TS ( ! LEGAL SY/EM4 

,A GREAT DEAL ( ABUSE NOT DIRECTLY CAUS$ BY ! AU?ORITIES IS A RESULT ( PEOPLE TAK+ \T !IR ANG] ON ?OSE BEL[ !M 9 ! SOCIAL HI]>*Y4 ,*ILDR51 :O T5D TO BE AT ! BOTTOM ( ! PYRAMID1 ULTIMATELY RECEIVE A GREAT DEAL ( ?IS ABUSE4 ,! AU?ORITIES :O >E SUPPOS$ TO KEEP !M SAFE -- P>5TS1 RELATIVES1 PRIE/S1 TEA*]S -- >E ! MO/ LIKELY TO ABUSE !M4 ,SEEK+ HELP MAY ONLY MAKE ?+S WORSE1 BECAUSE AT NO PO9T DOES ! LEGAL SY/EM ALL[ !M TO REGA9 CONTROL OV] !IR LIVES1 EV5 ?\< IT IS ?IS CONTROL ?AT SURVIVORS ( ABUSE MO/ NE$4 ,9/EAD1 EA* CASE IS DECID$ BY SOCIAL WORK]S & JUDGES ) LITTLE KN[L$GE ( ! SITUATION & HUNDR$S ( O!R CASES TO >BITRATE4 

,! CURR5T P>ADIGM ( PUNI%+ (F5D]S & IGNOR+ ! NE$S ( VICTIMS HAS PROV5 A TOTAL FAILURE1 & 9CREAS$ 5=CEM5T ( LAWS W\LD NOT *ANGE ?IS4 ,PEOPLE :O ABUSE W]E (T5 ABUS$ !MSELVES2 S5D+ !M TO PRISON DOES NOT MAKE !M ANY LESS LIKELY TO ACT ABUSIVELY4 ,PEOPLE :O SURVIVE ABUSE MAY B5EFIT FROM HAV+ A SAFE SPACE1 BUT S5D+ !IR ABUS]S TO PRISON REMOVES ! *ANCE ( RECONCILIATION1 & IF !Y DEP5D ECONOMICALLY ON !IR ABUS]S1 AS IS (T5 ! CASE1 !Y MAY *OOSE NOT TO REPORT ! CRIME = FE> ( 5D+ UP HOMELESS1 POOR1 OR 9 FO/] C>E4 

,UND] ! /ATE1 WE ADDRESS SEXUAL & DOME/IC VIOL5CE AS CRIMES -- VIOLATIONS ( ! VICTIMS' /ATE-M&AT$ RI<TS1 UNACCEPTABLE BECAUSE !Y DEFY ! COMM&M5TS ( ! /ATE4 ,9 CONTRA/1 MANY /ATELESS SOCIETIES HAVE US$ A NE$S-BAS$ P>ADIGM4 ,?IS P>ADIGM FRAMES !SE =MS ( VIOL5CE AS SOCIAL H>M1 ?US FOCUS+ ON ! NE$S ( ! SURVIVOR TO HEAL & ! NE$ ( ! (F5D] TO BECOME A HEAL?Y P]SON :O CAN RELATE ) ! BROAD] COMMUNITY4 ,BECAUSE !SE ACTS ( SOCIAL H>M DO NOT HAPP5 9 ISOLATION1 ?IS P>ADIGM DRAWS 9 ! 5TIRE COMMUNITY & SEEKS TO RE/ORE A BROAD SOCIAL PEACE1 :ILE RESPECT+ ! AUTONOMY & SELF-DEF9$ NE$S ( EA* 9DIVIDUAL4 

,! ,NAVAJO ME?OD ( 0PEACEMAK+0 HAS SURVIV$ = C5TURIES1 DESPITE ! VIOL5CE ( COLONIALISM4 ,!Y >E CURR5TLY REVIV+ ?IS ME?OD TO DEAL ) SOCIAL H>M & DECREASE !IR DEP5D5CE ON ! ,U,S GOV]NM5T2 & PEOPLE /UDY+ RE/ORATIVE JU/ICE >E LOOK+ TO ! ,NAVAJO EXAMPLE = GUIDANCE4 ,9 ! ,NAVAJO PRACTICE ( RE/ORATIVE JU/ICE1 A P]SON RESPECT$ BY ALL P>TIES AS FAIR & IMP>TIAL ACTS AS A PEACEMAK]4 ,A P]SON MI<T SEEK \T A PEACEMAK] IF %E IS SEEK+ HELP ) A PROBLEM ON H] [N VOLITION1 IF H] COMMUNITY OR FAMILY IS CONC]N$ AB\T H] BEHAVIOR1 IF %E HAS HURT SOMEONE OR BE5 HURT BY SOMEONE1 OR IF %E IS 9 A DISPUTE ) ANO!R P]SON ?AT ! TWO NE$ HELP SOLV+4 ,CONTRA/ ?IS ) ! /ATI/ SY/EM ( PUNITIVE JU/ICE1 9 :I* PEOPLE ONLY RECEIVE ATT5TION -- & ALWAYS NEGATIVE ATT5TION -- :5 !Y COMMIT A /ATUTORY (F5SE4 ,! H>M ITSELF & ! REASONS !Y >E CAUS+ IT >E IRRELEVANT TO ! JUDICIAL PROCESS4 

,! PURPOSE ( ! ,NAVAJO PROCESS IS TO MEET ! NE$S ( ?OSE :O COME TO ! PEACEMAK] & TO F9D ! ROOT ( ! PROBLEM4 0,:5 MEMB]S ( ! ,NAVAJO COMMUNITY TRY TO EXPLA9 :Y PEOPLE DO H>M TO !MSELVES OR O!RS1 !Y SAY ?AT ?OSE RESPONSIBLE = A H>M BEHAVE ?AT WAY BECAUSE !Y HAVE BECOME DISCONNECT$ FROM ! WORLD >\ND !M1 FROM ! PEOPLE !Y LIVE & WORK )4 ,!Y SAY ?AT ?AT P]SON 'ACTS AS IF HE HAS NO RELATIVES4'0 ,! PEACEMAK]S SOLVE ?IS BY 0TALK+ ?+S \T0 & HELP+ ! P]SON :O H>M$ TO RECONNECT ) HIS COMMUNITY & REGA9 ! SUPPORT & GR\ND$NESS HE NE$S TO ACT 9 A HEAL?Y WAY4 ,ADDITIONALLY !Y PROVIDE SUPPORT = ! P]SON :O WAS H>M$1 LOOK+ = WAYS TO HELP ?AT P]SON FEEL SAFE & :OLE AGA94 

,TO ?IS 5D1 ! PEACEMAK+ PROCESS 9VOLVES ! FAMILY & FRI5DS ( ?OSE 9VOLV$4 ,PEOPLE PRES5T !IR /ORIES1 !IR P]SPECTIVES ON ! PROBLEM1 & !IR FEEL+S4 ,! ULTIMATE GOAL IS TO F9D A PRACTICAL SOLUTION ?AT RE/ORES PEOPLE'S RELATION%IPS4 ,TO AID ?IS1 ! PEACEMAK] DELIV]S A HOMILY ?AT (T5 DRAWS ON ,NAVAJO CREATION /ORIES TO %[ H[ TRADITIONAL FIGURES HAVE DEALT ) ! SAME PROBLEMS 9 ! PA/4 ,9 CASES :]E !RE IS CLE>LY SOMEONE :O ACT$ WRONGLY & H>M$ ANO!R P]SON1 AT ! 5D ( ! PROCESS ! (F5D] (T5 PAYS AN AGRE$ AM\NT ( RE/ITUTION1 OR NALYEEH4 ,H[EV]1 NALYEEH IS NOT A =M ( PUNI%M5T 9 ! SPIRIT ( 0AN EYE = AN EYE10 BUT RA!R A WAY TO 0MAKE ?+S RI<T = ! P]SON :O HAS SUFF]$ A LOSS40 #ad ( ! #aa *APT]S1 OR SEMI-AUTONOM\S COMMUNITIES1 ( ! ,NAVAJO ,NATION CURR5TLY HAVE DESIGNAT$ PEACEMAK]S1 & 9 MANY 9/ANCES 9 ! PA/ RESPECT$ FAMILY MEMB]S HAVE BE5 CALL$ ON TO SETTLE DISPUTES 9 AN UN(FICIAL CAPACITY4.<#h#a.> 

,CRITICAL ,RESI/ANCE IS AN ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN ORGANIZATION 9 ! ,U,S =M$ BY EX-PRISON]S & FAMILY MEMB]S ( PRISON]S ) ! PURPOSE ( ABOLI%+ ! PRISON SY/EM & ITS CAUSES4 ,AS ( ?IS WRIT+1 ! GR\P IS WORK+ ON SETT+ UP 0H>M FREE ZONES40 ,! PURPOSE ( A H>M FREE ZONE IS TO PROVIDE 0TOOLS & TRA9+S TO LOCAL COMMUNITIES TO /R5G!N & DEVELOP !IR ABILITY TO RESOLVE CONFLICTS )\T ! NE$ = ! POLICE1 C\RT SY/EM1 OR PRISON 9DU/RY4 ,! H>M FREE ZONE PRACTICES AN ABOLITIONI/ APPROA* TO DEVELOP+ COMMUNITIES1 :I* MEANS BUILD+ MODELS TODAY ?AT CAN REPRES5T H[ WE WANT TO LIVE N[ & 9 ! FUTURE40.<#h#b.> ,BY BUILD+ /RONG] RELATION%IPS AMONG NEI<BORS & 9T5TIONALLY CREAT+ COMMON RES\RCES1 PEOPLE 9 A NEI<BORHOOD CAN KEEP \T DRUG DEAL]S1 PROVIDE SUPPORT = ?OSE SUFF]+ FROM ADDICTION1 9T]V5E 9 ABUSIVE FAMILY SITUATIONS1 SET UP *ILDC>E & ALT]NATIVES TO JO9+ GANGS1 & 9CREASE FACE TO FACE COMMUNICATION4 

,O!R ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN GR\PS1 SOME 9SPIR$ BY ?IS MODEL1 HAVE BEGUN ! H>D WORK ( SETT+ UP H>M FREE ZONES 9 !IR [N CITIES4 ,( C\RSE1 EV5 IF !RE W]E NO VIOL5T CRIME AT ALL1 A RACI/1 CAPITALI/ GOV]NM5T W\LD /ILL F9D EXCUSES TO LOCK PEOPLE UP3 CREAT+ 9T]NAL 5EMIES & PUNI%+ REBELS HAVE ALWAYS BE5 FUNCTIONS ( ! GOV]NM5T1 & N[ADAYS SO MANY PRIVATE COMPANIES >E 9VE/$ 9 ! PRISON SY/EM ?AT IT HAS BECOME A GR[?-BAS$ 9DU/RY4 ,BUT :5 PEOPLE >E NO LONG] DEP5D5T ON POLICE & PRISONS1 :5 COMMUNITIES >E NO LONG] CRIPPL$ BY SELF-9FLICT$ SOCIAL H>M1 IT IS MU* EASI] TO ORGANIZE RESI/ANCE4 

,?R\<\T ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & O!R C\NTRIES1 FEM9I/S HAVE ORGANIZ$ AN EV5T CALL$ 0,TAKE ,BACK ! ,NI<T0 TO ADDRESS VIOL5CE AGA9/ WOM54 ,ONCE A YE>1 A L>GE GR\P ( WOM5 & !IR SUPPORT]S M>* ?R\< !IR NEI<BORHOOD OR CAMPUS AT NI<T -- A TIME MANY WOM5 ASSOCIATE ) 9CREAS$ RISK ( SEXUAL ASSAULT -- TO RECLAIM !IR 5VIRONM5T & MAKE ! ISSUE VISIBLE4 ,!SE EV5TS USUALLY 9CLUDE $UCATION AB\T ! PREVAL5CE & CAUSES ( VIOL5CE AGA9/ WOM54 ,SOME ,TAKE ,BACK ! ,NI<T GR\PS ALSO ADDRESS \R SOCIETY'S RAMPANT VIOL5CE AGA9/ TRANSG5D] PEOPLE4 ,! FIR/ ,TAKE ,BACK ! ,NI<T M>* TOOK PLACE 9 ,BELGIUM 9 #a#i#g#f1 ORGANIZ$ BY WOM5 ATT5D+ ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,TRIBUNAL ON ,CRIMES AGA9/ ,WOM54 ,! EV5T TAKES MU* FROM ! TRADITION ( ,WALPURGISNA*T PROTE/S 9 ,G]MANY4 ,KN[N AS ,WIT*ES' ,NI<T1 ,APRIL #c1 ! NI<T BE=E ,MAY ,DAY1 IS A TRADITIONAL NI<T = PRANKS1 RIOT+1 & PAGAN & FEM9I/ RESI/ANCE4 ,9 #a#i#g#g1 ,G]MAN FEM9I/S 9VOLV$ ) ! AUTONOM\S MOVEM5T M>*$ ON ,WALPURGISNA*T UND] ! BANN] 0,WOM5 TAKE BACK ! NI<T60 ,! FIR/ ,TAKE ,BACK ! ,NI<T 9 ! ,U,S OCCURR$ ,NOVEMB] #d1 #a#i#g#g1 9 ,SAN ,FRANCISCO'S R$ LI<T DI/RICT4 

,SU* AN ACTION IS AN IMPORTANT FIR/ /EP TO CREAT+ A COLLECTIVE =CE CAPABLE ( *ANG+ SOCIETY4 ,UND] PATRI>*Y1 EV]Y FAMILY IS ISOLAT$1 & ?\< MANY PEOPLE SUFF] ! SAME PROBLEMS1 !Y DO SO ALONE4 ,GA!R+ TOGE!R TO TALK AB\T A PROBLEM ?AT HAS BE5 UNSPEAKABLE1 TO RECLAIM A PUBLIC SPACE ?AT HAS BE5 D5I$ TO Y\ -- ! NI<TTIME /REETS -- IS A LIV+ METAPHOR = ! AN>*I/ SOCIETY1 9 :I* PEOPLE COME TOGE!R TO OV]COME ANY AU?ORITY FIGURE1 ANY OPPRESSOR4 

,SEXUAL VIOL5CE AFFECTS EV]YONE 9 A PATRI>*AL SOCIETY4 ,IT OCCURS 9 RADICAL COMMUNITIES ?AT >E OPPOS$ TO SEXISM & SEXUAL VIOL5CE4 ,UNLESS !Y S9C]ELY FOCUS ON UNLE>N+ PATRI>*AL CONDITION+1 SELF-PR(ESS$ RADICALS (T5 RESPOND TO RAPE1 H>ASSM5T1 & O!R =MS ( ABUSE & SEXUAL VIOL5CE ) ! SAME BEHAVIOR ?AT IS ALL TOO COMMON 9 ! RE/ ( SOCIETY3 IGNOR+ !M1 JU/IFY+ !M1 REFUS+ TO TAKE A /&1 NOT BELIEV+ OR EV5 BLAM+ ! SURVIVOR4 ,9 ORD] TO COMBAT ?IS1 FEM9I/S & AN>*I/S 9 ,PHILADELPHIA =M$ TWO GR\PS4 ,! FIR/1 ,PHILLY'S ,PISS$1 WORKS TO SUPPORT SURVIVORS ( SEXUAL VIOL5CE3 

,ALL ( ,PHILLY'S ,PISS$'S WORK IS DONE CONFID5TIALLY UNLESS ! SURVIVOR REQUE/S O!RWISE4 ,WE >E NOT C]TIFI$ 0EXP]TS10 BUT A GR\P ( PEOPLE :OSE LIVES HAVE BE5 REPEAT$LY AFFECT$ BY SEXUAL ASSAULT & >E DO+ \R BE/ TO MAKE A SAF] WORLD4 ,WE RESPECT \R [N & O!RS' KN[L$GE TO FIGURE \T :AT FEELS SAFE/ = EA* P]SON4 ,PHILLY'S ,PISS$ SUPPORTS SURVIVORS ( SEXUAL ASSAULT BY MEET+ !IR IMM$IATE NE$S AS WELL AS HELP+ !M TO >TICULATE & FACILITATE :AT !Y NE$ TO MAKE !M FEEL SAFE & 9 CONTROL ( !IR LIVES AGA94.<#h#c.> 

,IF A SURVIVOR HAS DEM&S TO MAKE ( HIS OR H] ASSAULT] -- E4G41 ?AT HE OR %E RECEIVE C\NSEL+1 PUBLICLY APOLOGIZE1 OR NEV] COME NE> ! SURVIVOR AGA9 -- ! SUPPORT GR\P DELIV]S !M4 ,IF ! SURVIVOR WI%ES1 ! GR\P MAY PUBLICIZE ! ID5TITY ( ! ASSAULT] TO W>N O!R PEOPLE OR PREV5T ?AT P]SON FROM HID+ HIS ACTIONS4 

,! SECOND GR\P1 ,PHILLY ,/&S ,UP1 WORKS ) PEOPLE :O HAVE COMMITT$ SEXUAL ASSAULT TO SUPPORT !M ?R\< ! PROCESS ( TAK+ RESPONSIBILITY = !IR ACTIONS1 LE>N+ FROM !M & *ANG+ !IR BEHAVIORS1 & RE/OR+ HEAL?Y RELATION%IPS ) !IR COMMUNITY4 ,! TWO GR\PS ALSO HOLD WORK%OPS 9 O!R CITIES TO %>E !IR EXP]I5CES RESPOND+ TO SEXUAL ASSAULT4 

,BEYOND 9DIVIDUAL JU/ICE 

,! NOTION ( JU/ICE IS P]HAPS ! MO/ DANG]\S PRODUCT ( AU?ORIT>IAN PSY*OLOGY4 ,! /ATE'S WOR/ ABUSES OCCUR 9 ITS PRISONS1 ITS 9QUISITIONS1 ITS =C$ CORRECTIONS & REHABILITATIONS4 ,POLICE1 JUDGES1 & PRISON GU>DS >E KEY AG5TS ( CO]CION & VIOL5CE4 ,9 ! NAME ( JU/ICE1 UNI=M$ ?UGS T]RORIZE 5TIRE COMMUNITIES :ILE DISSID5TS PETITION ! V]Y GOV]NM5T ?AT REPRESSES !M4 ,MANY PEOPLE HAVE 9T]NALIZ$ ! RATIONALIZATIONS ( /ATE JU/ICE TO SU* AN EXT5T ?AT !Y >E T]RIFI$ ( LOS+ ! PROTECTION & >BITRATION /ATES SUPPOS$LY PROVIDE4 

,:5 JU/ICE BECOMES ! PRIVATE SPH]E ( SPECIALI/S1 OPPRESSION IS NOT F> BEH9D4 ,9 /ATELESS SOCIETIES ON ! CUSP ( DEVELOP+ ! CO]CIVE HI]>*IES ?AT LEAD TO GOV]NM5T1 ! COMMON FEATURE SEEMS TO BE A GR\P ( RESPECT$ MALE ELD]S P]MAN5TLY 5TRU/$ ) ! ROLE ( RESOLV+ CONFLICTS & MET+ \T JU/ICE4 ,9 SU* A CONTEXT PRIVILEGE CAN BECOME 5TR5*$1 AS ?OSE :O 5JOY IT MAY %APE ! SOCIAL NORMS ?AT PRES]VE & AMPLIFY !IR PRIVILEGE4 ,)\T ?AT P[]1 9DIVIDUAL WEAL? & P[] RE/ ON A WEAK F\NDATION ?AT EV]YONE CAN *ALL5GE4 

,/ATE JU/ICE BEG9S ) A REFUSAL TO 5GAGE ) HUMAN NE$S4 ,HUMAN NE$S >E DYNAMIC & CAN ONLY BE FULLY UND]/OOD BY ?OSE :O EXP]I5CE !M4 ,/ATE JU/ICE1 BY CONTRA/1 IS ! EXECUTION ( UNIV]SAL PRESCRIPTIONS CODIFI$ 9TO LAW4 ,! SPECIALI/S :O 9T]PRET ! LAWS >E SUPPOS$ TO FOCUS ON ! ORIG9AL 9T5TION ( ! LAWMAK]S RA!R ?AN ! SITUATION AT H&4 ,IF Y\ NE$ BREAD & /EAL+ IS A CRIME1 Y\ WILL BE PUNI%$ = TAK+ IT1 EV5 IF Y\ TAKE IT FROM SOMEONE :O DOESN'T NE$ IT4 ,BUT IF Y\R SOCIETY FOCUSES ON PEOPLE'S NE$S & DESIRES RA!R ?AN ON ! 5=CEM5T ( /ATIC LAWS1 Y\ HAVE ! OPPORTUNITY TO CONV9CE Y\R COMMUNITY ?AT Y\ NE$$ BREAD MORE ?AN ! P]SON Y\ TOOK IT FROM4 ,9 ?IS WAY ! ACTOR & ?OSE AFFECT$ REMA9 AT ! C5T] ( ! PROCESS1 ALWAYS EMP[]$ TO EXPLA9 !MSELVES & TO *ALL5GE ! COMMUNITY'S NORMS4 

,JU/ICE1 9 CONTRA/1 H+ES ON JUDGM5T1 PRIVILEG+ A P[]FUL DECISION-MAK] OV] ! ACCUS]S & DEF5DANTS :O P[]LESSLY AWAIT ! \TCOME4 ,JU/ICE IS ! 5=CEM5T ( MORALITY -- :I*1 9 ITS ORIG9S1 IS JU/IFI$ AS DIV9ELY ORDA9$4 ,:5 SOCIETIES %IFT AWAY FROM RELIGI\S RATIONALES1 MORALITY BECOMES UNIV]SAL1 OR NATURAL1 OR SCI5TIFIC -- SPH]ES EV] FUR!R REMOV$ FROM ! 9FLU5CE ( ! G5]AL PUBLIC -- UNTIL IT IS %AP$ & PACKAG$ ALMO/ EXCLUSIVELY BY ! M$IA & GOV]NM5T4 

,! NOTION ( JU/ICE & ! SOCIAL RELATIONS IT IMPLIES >E 9H]5TLY AU?ORIT>IAN4 ,9 PRACTICE1 JU/ICE SY/EMS ALWAYS GIVE UNFAIR ADVANTAGES TO ! P[]FUL & 9FLICT T]RIBLE WRONGS ON ! P[]LESS4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 !Y CORRUPT US E?ICALLY & CAUSE \R P[]S ( 9ITIATIVE & S5SE ( RESPONSIBILITY TO ATROPHY4 ,LIKE A DRUG1 !Y MAKE US DEP5D5T :ILE MIMICK+ ! FULFILLM5T ( A NATURAL HUMAN NE$1 9 ?IS CASE ! NE$ TO RESOLVE CONFLICTS4 ,?US1 PEOPLE BEG TO ! JU/ICE SY/EM = RE=MS1 NO MATT] H[ UNREALI/IC !IR EXPECTATIONS >E1 RA!R ?AN TAK+ MATT]S 9TO !IR [N H&S4 ,TO HEAL FROM ABUSE1 ! 9JUR$ P]SON NE$S TO REGA9 CONTROL OV] H] LIFE1 ! ABUS] NE$S TO RE/ORE HEAL?Y RELATIONS ) HIS PE]S1 & ! COMMUNITY NE$S TO EXAM9E ITS NORMS & P[] DYNAMICS4 ,! JU/ICE SY/EM PREV5TS ALL ?IS4 ,IT HO>DS CONTROL1 ALI5ATES 5TIRE COMMUNITIES1 & OB/RUCTS EXAM9ATION ( ! ROOTS ( PROBLEMS1 PRES]V+ ! /ATUS QUO ABOVE ALL4 

,POLICE & JUDGES MAY PROVIDE A LIMIT$ DEGREE ( PROTECTION1 ESPECIALLY = PEOPLE PRIVILEG$ BY RACISM1 SEXISM1 OR CAPITALISM2 BUT ! GREATE/ DANG] FAC+ MO/ HUMAN BE+S IS ! SY/EM ITSELF4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ?\S&S ( WORK]S >E KILL$ EV]Y YE> BY EMPLOY] NEGLIG5CE & UNSAFE WORK+ CONDITIONS1 BUT EMPLOY]S >E NEV] PUNI%$ AS MURD]]S & VIRTUALLY NEV] EV5 *>G$ AS CRIM9ALS4 ,! MO/ WORK]S' FAMILIES MI<T HOPE = IS A MONET>Y SETTLEM5T FROM A CIVIL C\RT4 ,:O DECIDES ?AT A BOSS :O PR(ITS FROM ! DEA?S ( WORK]S %\LD FACE NO WORSE ?AN A LAWSUIT1 :ILE A WIFE :O %OOTS H] ABUSIVE HUSB& GOES TO PRISON & A BLACK TE5AG] :O KILLS A POLICE (FIC] 9 SELF-DEF5SE GETS ! DEA? P5ALTY8 ,IT C]TA9LY ISN'T WORK]S1 WOM51 OR PEOPLE ( COLOR4 

,= EV]Y HUMAN NE$1 A TOTALIT>IAN SY/EM MU/ PROVIDE IT1 SUBDUE IT1 OR SUB/ITUTE A SURROGATE4 ,9 ! ABOVE EXAMPLE1 ! JU/ICE SY/EM FRAMES ! KILL+ ( WORK]S AS A PROBLEM TO BE ADDRESS$ ) REGULATIONS & BUREAUCRACIES4 ,! M$IA ASSI/ BY FOCUS+ GROSSLY DISPROPORTIONATE COV]AGE ON S]IAL KILL]S & 0COLD-BLOOD$ MURD]]S10 ALMO/ ALWAYS POOR & USUALLY NOT :ITE1 ?US *ANG+ PEOPLE'S P]CEPTIONS ( ! RISKS !Y FACE4 ,CONSEQU5TLY MANY PEOPLE FE> O!R POOR PEOPLE MORE ?AN !IR [N BOSSES1 & >E WILL+ TO SUPPORT ! POLICE & C\RTS 9 T>GET+ !M4 

,TO BE SURE1 9 SOME CASES ! POLICE & C\RTS RESPOND :5 WORK]S OR WOM5 >E KILL$ -- ?\< ?IS IS (T5 TO (FSET POPUL> \TRAGE & DISC\RAGE PEOPLE FROM SEEK+ !IR [N SOLUTIONS4 ,EV5 9 !SE CASES1 ! RESPONSES >E (T5 HALF-HE>T$ OR C\NT]PRODUCTIVE4 

,MEAN:ILE1 ! JU/ICE SY/EM S]VES QUITE EFFECTIVELY AS A TOOL = RE%AP+ SOCIETY & CONTROLL+ L[] CLASS POPULATIONS4 ,CONSID] ! 0,W> ON ,DRUGS0 WAG$ FROM ! #a#i#hS UP TO ! PRES5T DAY4 ,COMP>$ ) WORK & RAPE1 MO/ ILLEGAL DRUGS >E RELATIVELY H>MLESS2 9 ! CASE ( ?OSE ?AT CAN BE H>MFUL1 M$ICAL ATT5TION HAS BE5 ?OR\<LY DEMON/RAT$ TO BE A MORE EFFECTIVE RESPONSE ?AN PRISON TIME4 ,BUT ! JU/ICE SY/EM HAS DECL>$ ?IS W> TO %IFT PUBLIC PRIORITIES3 IT JU/IFIES ! POLICE OCCUPATION ( POOR NEI<BORHOODS1 ! MASS IMPRISONM5T & 5SLAVEM5T ( MILLIONS ( POOR PEOPLE & PEOPLE ( COLOR1 & ! EXPANSION ( ! P[]S ( POLICE & JUDGES4 

,:AT DO ! POLICE DO ) ?IS P[]8 ,!Y >RE/ & 9TIMIDATE ! MO/ P[]LESS ELEM5TS ( SOCIETY4 ,POOR PEOPLE & PEOPLE ( COLOR >E OV]:ELM+LY ! VICTIMS ( >RE/S & CONVICTIONS1 NOT TO M5TION DAILY H>ASSM5T & EV5 MURD] AT ! H&S ( POLICE4 ,ATTEMPTS TO RE=M ! POLICE R>ELY DO MORE ?AN FE$ !IR BUDGETS & /REAML9E !IR ME?ODS = IMPRISON+ PEOPLE4 ,& :AT HAPP5S TO ! MILLIONS ( PEOPLE 9 PRISON8 ,!Y >E ISOLAT$1 KILL$ SL[LY BY POOR DIETS & MIS]ABLE CONDITIONS OR SWIFTLY BY GU>DS :O >E ALMO/ NEV] CONVICT$4 ,PRISON GU>DS 5C\RAGE GANGS & RACIAL VIOL5CE TO HELP !M MA9TA9 CONTROL1 & (T5 SMUGGLE 9 & SELL ADDICTIVE DRUGS TO FILL !IR WALLETS & S$ATE ! POPULATION4 ,T5S ( ?\S&S ( PRISON]S >E LOCK$ UP 9 SOLIT>Y CONF9EM5T1 SOME = DECADES4 

,C\NTLESS /UDIES HAVE F\ND ?AT TREAT+ DRUG ADDICTION & O!R PSY*OLOGICAL PROBLEMS AS CRIM9AL MATT]S IS 9EFFECTIVE & 9HUMANE2 MI/REAT+ PRISON]S & DEPRIV+ !M ( HUMAN CONTACT & $UCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES HAS BE5 PROV5 TO 9CREASE RECIDIVISM4.<#h#d.> ,BUT = EV]Y /UDY ?AT %[$ H[ TO 5D CRIME & R$UCE PRISON POPULATIONS1 ! GOV]NM5T HAS GONE & DONE ! EXACT OPPOSITE3 !Y CUT $UCATIONAL PROGRAMS1 9CREAS$ ! USE ( SOLIT>Y CONF9EM5T1 L5G!N$ S5T5CES1 & CURTAIL$ VISIT+ RI<TS4 ,:Y8 ,BECAUSE 9 ADDITION TO A CONTROL ME*ANISM1 PRISON IS AN 9DU/RY4 ,IT FUNNELS BILLIONS ( DOLL>S ( PUBLIC MONEY TO 9/ITUTIONS ?AT /R5G!N /ATE CONTROL1 SU* AS ! POLICE1 ! C\RTS1 SURVEILLANCE & PRIVATE SECURITY COMPANIES1 & IT PROVIDES A SLAVE LABOR =CE ?AT PRODUCES GOODS = ! GOV]NM5T & PRIVATE CORPORATIONS4 ,=C$ LABOR IS /ILL LEGAL 9 ! PRISON SY/EM1 & MO/ PRISONS CONTA9 FACTORIES :]E PRISON]S HAVE TO WORK = A FEW C5TS AN H\R4 ,PRISONS ALSO HAVE ! MOD]N EQUIVAL5T ( ! COMPANY /ORE1 :]E PRISON]S HAVE TO SP5D ALL ! MONEY !Y MAKE & ! MONEY !IR FAMILIES S5D !M1 BUY+ CLO?+1 FOOD1 OR PHONE CALLS1 ALL AT 9FLAT$ PRICES4 

,! PRISON SY/EM IS BEYOND HOPE ( RE=M4 ,RE=MI/ PRISON BUREAUCRATS HAVE GIV5 UP OR ELSE COME TO SUPPORT PRISON ABOLITION4 ,ONE HI< RANK+ BUREAUCRAT :O DIRECT$ JUV5ILE CORRECTIONS DEP>TM5TS 9 ,MASSA*USETTS & ,ILL9OIS CONCLUD$ ?AT3 

,PRISONS >E VIOL5T1 \TMOD$ BUREAUCRACIES ?AT DON'T PROTECT PUBLIC SAFETY4 ,!RE'S NO WAY TO REHABILITATE ANYONE 9 !M4 ,! FACILITY PRODUCES VIOL5CE ?AT CALLS = MORE ( ! FACILITY4 ,IT'S A SELF-FULFILL+ PROPHECY4 ,PRISONS (F] !MSELVES AS A SOLUTION TO ! V]Y PROBLEMS !Y'VE CREAT$4 ,9/ITUTIONS >E SET UP TO MAKE PEOPLE FAIL4 ,?AT'S !IR LAT5T PURPOSE4.<#h#e.> 

,!SE >E NOT PROBLEMS TO BE SOLV$ ) RE=MS OR *ANGES ( LAW4 ,! JU/ICE SY/EM HAS SET ITS PRIORITIES & >RANG$ ITS LAWS ) ! SPECIFIC PURPOSE ( CONTROLL+ & ABUS+ US4 ,! PROBLEM IS LAW ITSELF4 

,(T51 PEOPLE :O LIVE 9 A /ATI/ SOCIETY ASSUME ?AT )\T A C5TRALIZ$ JU/ICE SY/EM FOLL[+ CLE> LAWS1 IT W\LD BE IMPOSSIBLE TO RESOLVE CONFLICTS4 ,)\T A COMMON SET ( LAWS1 EV]YONE W\LD FI<T = H] [N 9T]E/S1 RESULT+ 9 P]PETUAL FEUD+4 ,IF ME?ODS ( DEAL+ ) SOCIAL H>M >E DEC5TRALIZ$ & VOLUNT>Y1 :AT'S TO KEEP PEOPLE FROM 0TAK+ JU/ICE 9TO !IR [N H&S80 

,AN IMPORTANT LEVEL+ ME*ANISM 9 /ATELESS SOCIETIES IS ?AT PEOPLE SOMETIMES DO TAKE JU/ICE 9TO !IR [N H&S1 ESPECIALLY 9 DEAL+ ) ?OSE 9 LEAD]%IP POSITIONS :O >E ACT+ AU?ORIT>IAN4 ,ANYONE CAN ABIDE BY H] CONSCI5CE & TAKE ACTION AGA9/ A P]SON %E P]CEIVES TO BE H>M+ ! COMMUNITY4 ,AT BE/1 ?IS CAN PU% O!RS TO ACKN[L$GE & CONFRONT A PROBLEM !Y HAD TRI$ TO IGNORE4 ,AT WOR/1 IT CAN DIVIDE ! COMMUNITY BETWE5 ?OSE :O ?9K SU* ACTION WAS JU/IFI$ & ?OSE :O ?9K IT WAS H>MFUL4 ,EV5 ?IS1 ?\<1 IS BETT] ?AN 9/ITUTIONALIZ+ IMBALANCES ( P[]2 9 A COMMUNITY 9 :I* EV]YONE HAS ! P[] TO TAKE ?+S 9TO !IR [N H&S1 9 :I* EV]YONE IS EQUAL1 PEOPLE WILL F9D IT IS MU* EASI] TO TALK ?+S \T & TRY TO *ANGE ! OP9IONS ( !IR PE]S ?AN TO DO :ATEV] !Y WANT OR CAUSE CONFLICTS BY ACT+ AS A VIGILANTE4 ,! REASON ?IS ME?OD IS NOT US$ 9 DEMOCRATIC1 CAPITALI/ SOCIETIES IS NOT BECAUSE IT DOES NOT WORK1 BUT BECAUSE !RE >E C]TA9 OP9IONS ?AT MU/ NOT BE *ANG$1 C]TA9 CONTRADICTIONS ?AT MU/ NOT BE ADDRESS$1 & C]TA9 PRIVILEGES ?AT CAN NEV] BE *ALL5G$4 

,9 MANY /ATELESS SOCIETIES1 BAD BEHAVIOR IS NOT DEALT ) BY SPECIALIZ$ DEF5D]S ( JU/ICE1 BUT BY EV]YONE1 ?R\< :AT AN?ROPOLOGI/S CALL DIFFUSE SANCTIONS -- SANCTIONS OR NEGATIVE REACTIONS ?AT >E DIFFUS$ ?R\<\T SOCIETY4 ,EV]YONE IS ACCU/OM$ TO RESPOND+ TO 9JU/ICE & H>MFUL BEHAVIOR1 & ?US EV]YONE IS MORE EMP[]$ & MORE 9VOLV$4 ,:5 !RE IS NO /ATE TO MONOPOLIZE ! DAY-TO-DAY MA9T5ANCE ( SOCIETY1 PEOPLE LE>N H[ TO DO ?IS = !MSELVES1 & TEA* ONE ANO!R4 

,WE DO NOT NE$ TO DEF9E ABUSE AS A CRIME TO KN[ ?AT IT HURTS US4 ,LAWS >E UNNECESS>Y 9 EMP[]$ SOCIETIES2 !RE >E O!R MODELS = RESPOND+ TO SOCIAL H>M4 ,WE CAN ID5TIFY ! PROBLEM AS AN 9FR+EM5T ON O!RS' NE$S RA!R ?AN A VIOLATION ( WRITT5 CODE4 ,WE CAN 5C\RAGE BROAD SOCIAL 9VOLVEM5T 9 ! RESOLUTION ( ! PROBLEM4 ,WE CAN HELP ?OSE :O HAVE BE5 HURT TO EXPRESS !IR NE$S & WE CAN FOLL[ !IR LEAD4 ,WE CAN HOLD PEOPLE ACC\NTABLE :5 !Y HURT O!RS1 :ILE SUPPORT+ !M & GIV+ !M OPPORTUNITIES TO LE>N & REE/ABLI% RESPECTFUL RELATION%IPS ) ! COMMUNITY4 ,WE CAN SEE PROBLEMS AS ! RESPONSIBILITY ( ! 5TIRE COMMUNITY RA!R ?AN ! FAULT ( ONE P]SON4 ,WE CAN RECLAIM ! P[] TO HEAL SOCIETY1 & BREAK ?R\< ! ISOLATION IMPOS$ ON US4 

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,GRAHAM ,KEMP & ,D\GLAS ,P4 ,FRY 7$S471 ,KEEP+ ! ,PEACE3 ,CONFLICT ,RESOLUTION & ,PEACEFUL ,SOCIETIES >\ND ! ,WORLD1 ,NEW ,YORK3 ,R\TL$GE1 #b#d4 

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,F]D ,WOODWOR?1 ,! ,MAT*6 AN AN>*I/ P]IODICAL PUBLI%$ 9 ,TUCSON4 

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