,*APT] #a 
,AN>*ISM3 ,ITS ,AIMS & ,PURPOSES 

#ai*ai* 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,RUDOLPH ,ROCK] 

,TEXT 3 

.<,ORIG9ALLY PUBLI%$ 9 #ai* BY ,M>T9 ,SECK] & ,W>BURG ,LTD.> 

,AN>*ISM3 ,ITS ,AIMS & ,PURPOSES2 ,! ,PROLET>IAT & ! ,BEG9N+ ( ! ,MOD]N ,LABOR ,MOVEM5T2 ,! ,=]UNN]S ( ,SYNDICALISM2 ,! ,OBJECTIVES ( ,AN>*O-,SYNDICALISM2 ,! ,ME?ODS ( ,AN>*O-,SYNDICALISM2 ,! ,EVOLUTION ( ,AN>*O-,SYNDICALISM4 

#a4 ,AN>*ISM3 ,ITS ,AIMS & ,PURPOSES 

,AN>*ISM V]SUS ECONOMIC MONOPOLY & /ATE P[]2 ,=]UNN]S ( MOD]N ,AN>*ISM2 ,WILLIAM ,GODW9 & HIS WORK ON ,POLITICAL ,JU/ICE2 ,P4,J4 ,PR\DHON & HIS IDEAS ( POLITICAL & ECONOMIC DEC5TRALIZATION2 ,MAX ,/IRN]'S WORK1 ,! ,EGO & ,ITS ,[N2 ,M4 ,BAKUN9 ! ,COLLECTIVI/ & F\ND] ( ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T2 ,P4 ,KROPOTK9 ! EXPON5T ( ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNISM & ! PHILOSOPHY ( ,MUTUAL ,AID2 ,AN>*ISM & REVOLUTION2 ,AN>*ISM A SYN!SIS ( ,SOCIALISM & ,LIB]ALISM2 ,AN>*ISM V]SUS ECONOMIC MAT]IALISM & ,DICTATOR%IP2 ,AN>*ISM & ! /ATE2 ,AN>*ISM A T5D5CY ( HI/ORY2 ,FRE$OM & CULTURE4  

,AN>*ISM IS A DEF9ITE 9TELLECTUAL CURR5T 9 ! LIFE ( \R TIMES1 :OSE ADH]5TS ADVOCATE ! ABOLITION ( ECONOMIC MONOPOLIES & ( ALL POLITICAL & SOCIAL CO]CIVE 9/ITUTIONS )9 SOCIETY4 ,9 PLACE ( ! PRES5T CAPITALI/IC ECONOMIC ORD] ,AN>*I/S W\LD HAVE A FREE ASSOCIATION ( ALL PRODUCTIVE =CES BAS$ UPON COOP]ATIVE LABOR1 :I* W\LD HAVE AS ITS SOLE PURPOSE ! SATISFY+ ( ! NECESS>Y REQUIREM5TS ( EV]Y MEMB] ( SOCIETY1 & W\LD NO LONG] HAVE 9 VIEW ! SPECIAL 9T]E/ ( PRIVILEG$ M9ORITIES )9 ! SOCIAL UNION4 

,9 PLACE ( ! PRES5T /ATE ORGANIZATION ) !IR LIFELESS MA*9]Y ( POLITICAL & BUREAUCRATIC 9/ITUTIONS ,AN>*I/S DESIRE A F$]ATION ( FREE COMMUNITIES :I* %ALL BE B\ND TO ONE ANO!R BY !IR COMMON ECONOMIC & SOCIAL 9T]E/ & %ALL >RANGE !IR AFFAIRS BY MUTUAL AGREEM5T & FREE CONTRACT4 

,ANYONE :O /UDIES AT ALL PR(\NDLY ! ECONOMIC & SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T ( ! PRES5T SOCIAL SY/EM WILL EASILY RECOGNIZE ?AT !SE OBJECTIVES DO NOT SPR+ FROM ! ,UTOPIAN IDEAS ( A FEW IMAG9ATIVE 9NOVATORS1 BUT ?AT !Y >E ! LOGICAL \TCOME ( A ?OR\< EXAM9ATION ( ! PRES5T-DAY SOCIAL MALADJU/M5TS1 :I* ) EV]Y NEW PHASE ( ! EXI/+ SOCIAL CONDITIONS MANIFE/ !MSELVES MORE PLA9LY & MORE UN:OLESOMELY4 ,MOD]N ONOPOLY1 CAPITALISM & ! TOTALIT>IAN /ATE >E M]ELY ! LA/ T]MS 9 A DEVELOPM5T :I* C\LD CULM9ATE 9 NO O!R RESULTS4 

,! PORT5T\S DEVELOPM5T ( \R PRES5T ECONOMIC SY/EM1 LEAD+ TO A MI<TY ACCUMULATION ( SOCIAL WEAL? 9 ! H&S ( PRIVILEG$ M9ORITIES & TO A CONT9U\S IMPOV]I%M5T ( ! GREAT MASSES ( ! PEOPLE1 PREP>$ ! WAY = ! PRES5T POLITICAL & SOCIAL REACTION4 & BEFRI5D$ IT 9 EV]Y WAY4 ,IT SACRIFIC$ ! G5]AL 9T]E/ ( HUMAN SOCIETY TO ! PRIVATE 9T]E/ ( 9DIVIDUALS1 & ?US SY/EMATICALLY UND]M9$ ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 MAN & MAN4 ,PEOPLE =GOT ?AT 9DU/RY IS NOT AN 5D 9 ITSELF1 BUT %\LD ONLY BE A MEANS TO 5SURE TO MAN HIS MAT]IAL SUBSI/5CE & TO MAKE ACCESSIBLE TO HIM ! BLESS+S ( A HI<] 9TELLECTUAL CULTURE4 ,:]E 9DU/RY IS EV]Y?+ & MAN IS NO?+ BEG9S ! REALM ( A RU?LESS ECONOMIC DESPOTISM :OSE WORK+S >E NO LESS DISA/R\S ?AN ?OSE ( ANY POLITICAL DESPOTISM4 ,! TWO MUTUALLY AUGM5T ONE ANO!R1 & !Y >E F$ FROM ! SAME S\RCE4 

,! ECONOMIC DICTATOR%IP ( ! MONOPOLIES & ! POLITICAL DICTATOR%IP ( ! TOTALIT>IAN /ATE >E ! \TGR[? ( ! SAME POLITICAL OBJECTIVES1 & ! DIRECTORS ( BO? HAVE ! PRESUMPTION TO TRY TO R$UCE ALL ! C\NTLESS EXPRESSIONS ( SOCIAL LIFE TO ! ME*ANICAL TEMPO ( ! MA*9E & TO TUNE EV]Y?+ ORGANIC TO ! LIFELESS MA*9E ( ! POLITICAL APP>ATUS4 ,\R MOD]N SOCIAL SY/EM HAS SPLIT ! SOCIAL ORGANISM 9 EV]Y C\NTRY 9TO HO/ILE CLASSES 9T]NALLY1 & EXT]NALLY IT HAS BROK5 ! COMMON CULTURAL CIRCLE UP 9TO HO/ILE NATIONS2 & BO? CLASSES & NATIONS CONFRONT ONE ANO!R ) OP5 ANTAGONISM & BY !IR CEASELESS W>F>E KEEP ! COMMUNAL SOCIAL LIFE 9 CONT9UAL CONVULSIONS4 ,! LATE ,WORLD ,W> & ITS T]RIBLE AFT] EFFECTS1 :I* >E !MSELVES ONLY ! RESULTS ( ! PRES5T /RUGGLES = ECONOMIC & POLITICAL P[]1 >E ONLY ! LOGICAL CONSEQU5CES ( ?IS UN5DURABLE CONDITION1 :I* WILL 9EVITABLY LEAD US TO A UNIV]SAL CATA/ROPHE IF SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T DOES NOT TAKE A NEW C\RSE SOON 5\<4 ,! M]E FACT ?AT MO/ /ATES >E OBLIG$ TODAY TO SP5D FROM FIFTY TO SEV5TY P]C5T ( !IR ANNUAL 9COME = SO-CALL$ NATIONAL DEF5SE & ! LIQUIDATION ( OLD W> DEBTS IS PRO( ( ! UNT5ABILITY ( ! PRES5T /ATUS1 & %\LD MAKE CLE> TO EV]YBODY ?AT ! ALLEG$ PROTECTION :I* ! /ATE AF=DS ! 9DIVIDUAL IS C]TA9LY PUR*AS$ TOO DE>LY4 

,! EV] GR[+ P[] ( A S\LLESS POLITICAL BUREAUCRACY :I* SUP]VISES & SAFEGU>DS ! LIFE ( MAN FROM ! CRADLE TO ! GRAVE IS PUTT+ EV] GREAT] OB/ACLES 9 ! WAY ( ! SOLID>IC COOP]ATION ( HUMAN BE+S & CRU%+ \T EV]Y POSSIBILITY ( NEW DEVELOPM5T4 ,A SY/EM :I* 9 EV]Y ACT ( ITS LIFE SACRIFICES ! WELF>E ( L>GE SECTIONS ( ! PEOPLE1 YES1 ( :OLE NATIONS1 TO ! SELFI% LU/ = P[] & ! ECONOMIC 9T]E/S ( SMALL M9ORITIES MU/ ( NECESSITY DISSOLVE ALL SOCIAL TIES & LEAD TO A CON/ANT W> ( ALL AGA9/ ALL4 ,?IS SY/EM HAS BE5 M]ELY ! PACEMAK] = ! GREAT 9TELLECTUAL & SOCIAL REACTION :I* F9DS ITS EXPRESSION TODAY 9 MOD]N ,FASCISM1 F> SURPASS+ ! OBSESSION = P[] ( ! ABSOLUTE MON>*Y ( PA/ C5TURIES & SEEK+ TO BR+ EV]Y SPH]E ( HUMAN ACTIVITY UND] ! CONTROL ( ! /ATE4 ,JU/ AS = ! V>I\S SY/EMS ( RELIGI\S !OLOGY1 ,GOD IS EV]Y?+ & MAN NO?+1 SO = ?IS MOD]N POLITICAL !OLOGY1 ! /ATE IS EV]Y?+ & ! MAN NO?+4 ,& JU/ AS BEH9D ! 0WILL ( ,GOD0 !RE ALWAYS LAY HIDD5 ! WILL ( PRIVILEG$ M9ORITIES1 SO TODAY !RE HIDES BEH9D ! 0WILL ( ! /ATE0 ONLY ! SELFI% 9T]E/ ( ?OSE :O FEEL CALL$ TO 9T]PRET ?IS WILL 9 !IR [N S5SE & TO =CE IT UPON ! PEOPLE4 

,AN>*I/ IDEAS >E TO BE F\ND 9 EV]Y P]IOD ( KN[N HI/ORY1 AL?\< !RE /ILL REMA9S A GOOD DEAL ( WORK = HI/ORICAL WORK 9 ?IS FIELD4 ,WE 5C\NT] !M 9 ! ,*9ESE SAGE1 ,LAO-,TSE 7,! ,C\RSE & ,! ,RI<T ,WAY7 & 9 ! LAT] ,GREEK PHILOSOPH]S1 ! ,H$ONI/S & ,CYNICS & O!R ADVOCATES ( SO-CALL$ 0NATURAL RI<T10 & 9 P>TICUL> 9 ,Z5O :O1 AT ! OPPOSITE POLE FROM ,PLATO1 F\ND$ ! ,/OIC S*OOL4 ,!Y F\ND EXPRESSION 9 ! TEA*+ ( ! ,GNO/IC1 ,K>POCRATES1 9 ,ALEX&RIA1 & HAD AN UNMI/AKABLE 9FLU5CE ON C]TA9 ,*RI/IAN SECTS ( ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES 9 ,FRANCE1 ,G]MANY & ,HOLL&1 ALMO/ ALL ( :I* FELL VICTIMS TO ! MO/ SAVAGE P]SECUTIONS4 ,9 ! HI/ORY ( ! ,BOHEMIAN RE=MATION !Y F\ND A P[]FUL *AMPION 9 ,PET] ,*ELCICKY1 :O 9 HIS WORK1 0,! ,NET ( ,FAI?10 PASS$ ! SAME JUDGM5T ON ! *UR* & ! /ATE AS ,TOL/OY DID LAT]4 ,AMONG ! GREAT HUMANI/S !RE WAS ,RABELAIS1 :O 9 HIS DESCRIPTION ( ! HAPPY ,ABBEY ( ,!LEME 7,G>GANTUA7 PRES5T$ A PICTURE ( LIFE FRE$ FROM ALL AU?ORIT>IAN RE/RA9TS4 ,( O!R PIONE]S ( LIB]T>IAN ?9K+ WE WILL M5TION H]E ONLY ,LA ,BOETIE1 ,SYLVAN ,M>E*AL1 &1 ABOVE ALL1 ,DID]OT1 9 :OSE VOLUM9\S WRIT+S ONE F9DS ?ICKLY /REWN ! UTT]ANCES ( A TRULY GREAT M9D :I* HAD RID ITSELF ( EV]Y AU?ORIT>IAN PREJUDICE4 

,MEAN:ILE1 IT WAS RES]V$ = MORE REC5T HI/ORY TO GIVE CLE> =M TO ! AN>*I/ P]CEPTION ( LIFE & TO CONNECT IT ) ! IMM$IATE PROCESSES ( SOCIAL EVOLUTION4 ,?IS WAS DONE = ! FIR/ TIME 9 ,WILLIAM ,GODW9'S SPL5DIDLY CONCEIV$ WORK1 ,CONC]N+ ,POLITICAL ,JU/ICE & ITS ,9FLU5CE UPON ,G5]AL ,VIRTUE & ,HAPP9ESS1 ,LONDON1 #a#g#i#c4 ,GODW9'S WORK WAS1 WE MI<T SAY1 ! RIP5$ FRUIT ( ?AT LONG EVOLUTION ( ! CONCEPTS ( POLITICAL & SOCIAL RADICALISM 9 ,5GL& :I* PROCE$S 9 A CONT9U\S L9E FROM ,GEORGE ,BU*ANAN ?R\< ,RI*>D ,HOOK]1 ,G]>D ,W9/ANLEY1 ,ALG]NON ,SIDNEY1 ,JOHN ,LOCKE1 ,ROB]T ,WALLACE & ,JOHN ,BELL]S TO ,J]EMY ,B5?AM1 ,JOSEPH ,PRIE/LEY1 ,RI*>D ,PRICE & ,?OMAS ,PA9E4 

,GODW9 RECOGNIZ$ V]Y CLE>LY ?AT ! CAUSE ( SOCIAL EVILS IS TO BE S\<T1 NOT 9 ! =M ( ! /ATE1 BUT 9 ITS V]Y EXI/5CE4 ,JU/ AS ! /ATE PRES5TS ONLY A C>ICATURE ( A G5U9E SOCIETY1 SO ALSO IT MAKES ( HUMAN BE+S :O >E HELD UND] ITS ET]NAL GU>DIAN%IP M]ELY C>ICATURES ( !IR REAL SELVES BY CON/ANTLY COMPELL+ !M TO REPRESS !IR NATURAL 9CL9ATIONS & HOLD+ !M TO ?+S ?AT >E REPUGNANT TO !IR 9N] IMPULSES4 ,ONLY 9 ?IS WAY IS IT POSSIBLE TO MOLD HUMAN BE+S TO ! E/ABLI%$ =M ( GOOD SUBJECTS4 ,A NORMAL HUMAN BE+ :O WAS NOT 9T]F]$ ) 9 HIS NATURAL DEVELOPM5T W\LD ( HIMSELF %APE ! 5VIRONM5T ?AT SUITS HIS 9BORN DEM& = PEACE & FRE$OM4 

,BUT ,GODW9 ALSO RECOGNIZ$ ?AT HUMAN BE+S CAN ONLY LIVE TOGE!R NATURALLY & FREELY :5 ! PROP] ECONOMIC CONDITIONS = ?IS >E GIV51 & :5 ! 9DIVIDUAL IS NO LONG] SUBJECT TO EXPLOITATION BY ANO!R1 A CONSID]ATION :I* ! REPRES5TATIVES ( M]E POLITICAL RADICALISM ALMO/ COMPLETELY OV]LOOK$4 H5CE !Y W]E LAT] COMPELL$ TO MAKE CONSI/5TLY GREAT] CONCESSIONS TO ?AT P[] ( ! /ATE :I* !Y HAD WI%$ TO RE/RICT TO A M9IMUM4 ,GODW9'S IDEA ( A /ATELESS SOCIETY ASSUM$ ! SOCIAL [N]%IP ( ALL NATURAL & SOCIAL WEAL?1 & ! C>RY+ ON ( ECONOMIC LIFE BY ! FREE COOP]ATION ( ! PRODUC]S2 9 ?IS S5SE HE WAS REALLY ! F\ND] ( ! LAT] COMMUNI/ ,AN>*ISM4 

,GODW9'S WORK HAD A V]Y /RONG 9FLU5CE ON ADVANC$ CIRCLES ( ! ,5GLI% WORK]S & ! MORE 5LI<T5$ SECTIONS ( ! LIB]AL 9TELLIG5TSIA4 ,MO/ IMPORTANT ( ALL1 HE CONTRIBUT$ TO GIVE TO ! Y\NG SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T 9 ,5GL&1 :I* F\ND ITS MATURE/ EXPON5TS 9 ,ROB]T ,[51 ,JOHN ,GRAY & ,WILLIAM ,?OMPSON1 ?AT UNMI/AKABLE LIB]T>IAN *>ACT] :I* IT HAD = A LONG TIME1 & :I* IT NEV] ASSUM$ 9 ,G]MANY & MANY O!R C\NTRIES4 

,BUT A F> GREAT] 9FLU5CE ON ! DEVELOPM5T ( ,AN>*I/ !ORY WAS ?AT ( ,PI]RE-,JOSEPH ,PR\DHON1 ONE ( ! MO/ 9TELLECTUALLY GIFT$ & C]TA9LY ! MO/ MANY-SID$ WRIT] ( :OM MOD]N SOCIALISM CAN BOA/4 ,PR\DHON WAS COMPLETELY ROOT$ 9 ! 9TELLECTUAL & SOCIAL LIFE ( HIS P]IOD1 & !SE 9SPIR$ HIS ATTITUDE UPON EV]Y QUE/ION HE DEALT )4 ,!RE=E1 HE IS NOT TO BE JUDG$1 AS HE HAS BE5 BY EV5 BY MANY ( HIS LAT] FOLL[]S1 BY HIS SPECIAL PRACTICAL PROPOSALS1 :I* W]E BORN ( ! NE$S ( ! H\R4 ,AMONG ! NUM]\S SOCIALI/ ?9K]S ( HIS TIME HE WAS ! ONE :O UND]/OOD MO/ PR(\NDLY ! CAUSE ( SOCIAL MALADJU/M5T1 & POSSESS$1 BESIDES1 ! GREATE/ BREAD? ( VISION4 ,HE WAS ! \TSPOK5 OPPON5T ( ALL SY/EMS1 & SAW 9 SOCIAL EVOLUTION ! ET]NAL URGE TO NEW & HI<] =MS ( 9TELLECTUAL & SOCIAL LIFE1 & IT WAS HIS CONVICTION ?AT ?IS EVOLUTION C\LD NOT BE B\ND BY ANY AB/RACT G5]AL =MULAS4 

,PR\DHON OPPOS$ ! 9FLU5CE ( ! ,JACOB9 TRADITION1 :I* DOM9AT$ ! ?9K+ ( ! ,FR5* DEMOCRATS & ( MO/ ( ! ,SOCIALI/S ( ?AT P]IOD ) ! SAME DET]M9ATION AS ! 9T]F]5CE ( ! C5TRAL /ATE & ECONOMIC POLICY 9 ! NATURAL PROCESSES ( SOCIAL ADVANCE4 ,TO RID SOCIETY ( !SE TWO CANC]\S GR[?S WAS = HIM ! GREAT TASK ( ! N9ETE5?-C5TURY REVOLUTION4 ,PR\DHON WAS NO COMMUNI/4 ,HE CONDEMN$ PROP]TY AS M]ELY ! PRIVILEGE ( EXPLOITATION1 BUT HE RECOGNIZ$ ! [N]%IP ( ! 9/RUM5TS ( PRODUCTION BY ALL1 MADE EFFECTIVE BY 9DU/RIAL GR\PS B\ND TO ONE ANO!R BY FREE CONTRACT1 SO LONG AS ?IS RI<T WAS NOT MADE TO S]VE ! EXPLOITATION ( O!RS & AS LONG AS ! FULL PRODUCT ( HIS 9DIVIDUAL LABOR WAS ASSUR$ TO EV]Y HUMAN BE+4 ,?IS ORGANIZATION BAS$ ON RECIPROCITY 7MUTUALITE7 GU>ANTEES ! 5JOYM5T ( EQUAL RI<TS BY EA* 9 EX*ANGE = EQUAL S]VICES4 ,! AV]AGE WORK+ TIME REQUIR$ = ! COMPLETION ( ANY PRODUCT BECOMES ! MEASURE ( ITS VALUE & IS ! BASIS ( MUTUAL EX*ANGE4 ,9 ?IS WAY CAPITAL IS DEPRIV$ ( ITS USURIAL P[] & IS COMPLETELY B\ND UP ) ! P]=MANCE ( WORK4 ,BY BE+ MADE AVAILABLE TO ALL IT CEASES TO BE AN 9/RUM5T = EXPLOITATION4 

,SU* A =M ( ECONOMY MAKES AN POLITICAL CO]CIVE APP>ATUS SUP]FLU\S4 ,SOCIETY BECOMES A LEAGUE ( FREE COMMUNITIES :I* >RANGE !IR AFFAIRS ACCORD+ TO NE$1 BY !MSELVES OR 9 ASSOCIATION ) O!RS1 & 9 :I* MAN'S FRE$OM F9DS 9 ! FRE$OM ( O!RS NOT ITS LIMITATION1 BUT ITS SECURITY & CONFIRMATION4 0,! FRE]1 ! MORE 9DEP5D5T & 5T]PRIS+ ! 9DIVIDUAL IS 9 A SOCIETY1 ! BETT] = ! SOCIETY40 ,?IS ORGANIZATION ( ,F$]ALISM 9 :I* ,PR\DHON SAW ! IMM$IATE FUTURE SETS NO DEF9ITE LIMITATIONS ON FUR!R POSSIBILITIES ( DEVELOPM5T1 & (F]S ! WIDE/ SCOPE TO EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL & SOCIAL ACTIVITY4 ,/>T+ \T FROM ?IS PO9T ( VIEW ( ! F$]ATION1 ,PR\DHON COMBAT$ LIKEWISE ! ASPIRATIONS = POLITICAL ACTIVITY ( ! AWAK5+ NATIONALISM ( ! TIME1 & 9 P>TICUL> ?AT NATIONALISM :I* F\ND 9 ,MAZZ9I1 ,G>IBALDI1 ,LELEWEL1 & O!RS1 SU* /RONG ADVOCATES4 ,9 ?IS RESPECT ALSO HE SAW MORE CLE>LY ?AN MO/ ( HIS CONTEMPOR>IES4 ,PR\DHON EX]T$ A /RONG 9FLU5CE ON ! DEVELOPM5T ( SOCIALISM1 :I* MADE ITSELF FELT ESPECIALLY 9 ! ,LAT9 C\NTRIES4 ,BUT ! SO-CALL$ 9DIVIDUAL ,AN>*ISM1 :I* F\ND ABLE EXPON5TS 9 ,AM]ICA 9 SU* M5 AS ,JOSIAH ,W>R51 ,/EPH5 ,PE>L ,&REWS1 ,WILLIAM ,B4 ,GRE5E1 ,LYS&] ,SPOON]1 ,FRANCIS ,D4 ,T&Y1 & MO/ NOTABLY 9 ,B5JAM9 ,R4 ,TUCK] RAN 9 SIMIL> L9ES1 ?\< NONE ( ITS REPRES5TATIVES C\LD APPROA* ,PR\DHON'S BREAD? ( VIEW4 

,AN>*ISM F\ND A UNIQUE EXPRESSION 9 ,MAX ,/IRN]'S 7,JOHANN ,KASP> ,S*MIDT'S7 BOOK1 ,D] ,E9ZIGE UND SE9 ,EIG5TUM 7,! ,EGO & ,HIS ,[N71 :I*1 IT IS TRUE1 QUICKLY PASS$ 9TO OBLIVION & HAD NO 9FLU5CE AT ALL ON ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T AS SU*--?\< IT WAS TO EXP]I5CE AN UNEXPECT$ RESURRECTION FIFTY YE>S LAT]4 ,/IRN]'S BOOK IS PREEM95TLY A PHILOSOPHICAL WORK :I* TRACES MAN'S DEP5D5CE ON SO-CALL$ HI<] P[]S ?R\< ALL ITS DEVI\S WAYS1 & IS NOT TIMID AB\T DRAW+ 9F]5CES FROM ! KN[L$GE GA9$ BY ! SURVEY4 ,IT IS ! BOOK ( A CONSCI\S & DELIB]ATE 9SURG5T1 :I* REVEALS NO REV]5CE = ANY AU?ORITY1 H[EV] EXALT$1 & !RE=E IMPELS P[]FULLY TO 9DEP5D5T ?9K+4 

,AN>*ISM F\ND A VIRILE *AMPION ( VIGOR\S REVOLUTION>Y 5]GY 9 ,MI*AEL ,BAKUN91 :O TOOK HIS /& UPON ! TEA*+S ( ,PR\DHON1 BUT EXT5D$ !M ON ! ECONOMIC SIDE :5 HE1 ALONG ) ! COLLECTIVI/ W+ ( ! ,FIR/ ,9T]NATIONAL1 CAME \T = ! COLLECTIVE [N]%IP ( ! L& & ( ALL O!R MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 & WI%$ TO RE/RICT ! RI<T ( PRIVATE [N]%IP TO ! FULL PRODUCT ( 9DIVIDUAL LABOR4 ,BAKUN9 ALSO WAS AN OPPON5T ( ,COMMUNISM1 :I* 9 HIS TIME HAD A ?OR\<LY AU?ORIT>IAN *>ACT]1 LIKE ?AT :I* IT HAS AGA9 ASSUM$ TODAY 9 ,BOL%EVISM4 ,9 ONE ( HIS F\R SPEE*ES AT ! ,CONGRESS ( ! ,LEAGUE ( ,PEACE & ,FRE$OM 9 ,B]N 7#a#h#f#h71 HE SAID3 0,I AM NOT A ,COMMUNI/ BECAUSE ,COMMUNISM UNITES ALL =CES ( SOCIETY 9 ! /ATE & BECOMES ABSORB$ 9 IT2 BECAUSE IT 9EVITABLY LEADS TO ! CONC5TRATION ( ALL PROP]TY 9 ! H&S ( ! /ATE1 :ILE ,I SEEK ! ABOLITION ( ! /ATE--! COMPLETE ELIM9ATION ( ! PR9CIPLE ( AU?ORITY & GOV]NM5TAL GU>DIAN%IP1 :I* UND] ! PRET5SE ( MAK+ M5 MORAL & CIVILIZ+ !M1 HAS UP TO N[ ALWAYS 5SLAV$1 OPPRESS$1 EXPLOIT$ & RU9$ !M40 

,BAKUN9 WAS A DET]M9$ REVOLUTION>Y & DID NO BELIEVE 9 AN AMICABLE ADJU/M5T ( ! EXI/+ CLASS CONFLICT4 ,HE RECOGNIZ$ ?AT ! RUL+ CLASSES BL9DLY & /UBBORNLY OPPOS$ EV5 ! SLI<TE/ SOCIAL RE=M1 & ACCORD+LY SAW ! ONLY SALVATION 9 AN 9T]NATIONAL SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 :I* %\LD ABOLI% ALL ! ECCLE/ICAL1 POLITICAL1 MILIT>Y1 BUREAUCRATIC & JUDICIAL 9/ITUTIONS ( ! EXI/+ SOCIAL SY/EM & 9TRODUCE 9 !IR /EAD A F$]ATION ( FREE WORK]S' ASSOCIATIONS TO PROVIDE = ! REQUIREM5TS ( DAILY LIFE4 ,S9CE HE1 LIKE SO MANY ( HIS CONTEMPOR>IES1 BELIEV$ 9 ! CLOSE PROXIMITY ( ! REVOLUTION1 HE DIRECT$ ALL HIS VA/ 5]GY TO COMB9E ALL ! G5U9ELY REVOLUTION>Y & LIB]T>IAN ELEM5TS )9 & )\T ! ,9T]NATIONAL TO SAFEGU>D ! COM+ REVOLUTION AGA9/ ANY DICTATOR%IP OR RETROGRESSION TO ! OLD CONDITIONS4 ,?US HE BECAME 9 A V]Y SPECIAL S5SE ! REATOR ( ! MOD]N ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 

,AN>*ISM F\ND A VALUABLE ADVOCATE 9 ,PET] ,KROPOTK91 :O SET HIMSELF ! TASK ( MAK+ ! A*IEVEM5TS ( MOD]N NATURAL SCI5CE AVAILABLE = ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! SOCIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS ( ,AN>*ISM4 ,9 HIS +5I\S BOOK ,MUTUAL ,AID--A ,FACTOR ( ,EVOLUTION1 HE 5T]$ ! LI/S AGA9/ SO-CALL$ ,SOCIAL ,D>W9ISM1 :OSE EXPON5TS TRI$ TO PROVE ! 9EVITABILITY ( ! EXI/+ SOCIAL CONDITIONS FROM ! ,D>W9IAN !ORY ( ! /RUGGLE = EXI/5CE BY RAIS+ ! /RUGGLE ( ! /RONG AGA9/ ! WEAK TO ! /ATUS ( AN IRON LAW = ALL NATURAL PROCESSES1 TO :I* EV5 MAN IS SUBJECT4 ,9 REALITY ?IS CONCEPTION WAS /RONGLY 9FLU5C$ BY ! ,MAL?USIAN DOCTR9E ?AT LIFE'S TABLE IS NOT SPREAD = ALL1 & ?AT ! UNNE$$ WILL JU/ HAVE TO RECONCILE !MSELVES TO ?IS FACT4 

,KROPOTK9 %[$ ?AT ?IS CONCEPTION ( NATURE AS A FIELD ( UNRE/RICT$ W>F>E IS ONLY A C>ICATURE ( REAL LIFE1 & ?AT ALONG ) ! BRUTAL /RUGGLE = EXI/5CE1 :I* IS F\<T \T ) TOO? & CLAW1 !RE EXI/S 9 NATURE ANO!R PR9CIPLE :I* IS EXPRESS$ 9 ! SOCIAL COMB9ATION ( ! WEAK] SPECIES & ! MA9T5ANCE ( RACES BY ! EVOLUTION ( SOCIAL 9/9CTS & MUTUAL AID4 

,9 ?IS S5SE MAN IS NOT ! CREATOR ( SOCIETY1 BUT SOCIETY IS ! CREATOR ( MAN1 = HE 9H]IT$ FROM ! ?AT PREC$$ HIM ! SOCIAL 9/9CT :I* ALONE 5ABL$ HIM TO MA9TA9 HIMSELF 9 HIS FIR/ 5VIRONM5T AGA9/ ! PHYSICAL SUP]IORITY ( O!R SPECIES1 & TO MAKE SURE ( AN UNDREAM$-( HEI<T ( DEVELOPM5T4 ,?IS SECOND T5D5CY 9 ! /RUGGLE = EXI/5CE IS F> SUP]IOR TO ! FIR/1 AS IS %[N BY ! /EADY RETROGRESSION ( ?OSE SPECIES :I* HAVE NO SOCIAL LIFE & >E DEP5D5T M]ELY UPON !IR PHYSICAL /R5G?4 ,?IS VIEW1 :I* TODAY IS MEET+ ) CONSI/5TLY WID] ACCEPTANCE 9 ! NATURAL SCI5CES & 9 SOCIAL RESE>*1 OP5$ :OLLY NEW VI/AS TO SPECULATION CONC]N+ HUMAN EVOLUTION4 

,! FACT IS ?AT EV5 UND] ! WOR/ DESPOTISM MO/ ( MAN'S P]SONAL RELATIONS ) HIS FELL[S >E >RANG$ BY FREE AGREEM5T & SOLID>IC COOP]ATIONS1 )\T :I* SOCIAL LIFE W\LD NOT BE POSSIBLE AT ALL4 ,IF ?IS W]E NOT ! CASE EV5 ! /RONGE/ CO]CIVE >RANGEM5TS ( ! /ATE W\LD NOT BE ABLE TO MA9TA9 ! SOCIAL ORD] = A S+LE DAY4 ,H[EV]1 !SE NATURAL =MS ( BEHAVIOR1 :I* >ISE FROM MAN'S 9MO/ NATURE1 >E TODAY CON/ANTLY 9T]F]$ ) & CRIPPL$ BY ! EFFECTS ( ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION & GOV]NM5TAL GU>DIAN%IP1 :I* REPRES5TS 9 HUMAN SOCIETY ! BRUTAL =M ( ! /RUGGLE = EXI/5CE1 :I* HAS TO BE OV]COME BY ! O!R =M ( MUTUAL AID & FREE COOP]ATION4 ,! CONSCI\SNESS ( P]SONAL RESPONSIBILITY & ?AT O!R PRECI\S GOOD ?AT HAS COME D[N TO MAN BY 9H]ITANCE FROM REMOTE ANTIQUITY3 ?AT CAPACITY = SYMPA?Y ) O!RS 9 :I* ALL SOCIAL E?ICS1 ALL IDEAS ( SOCIAL JU/ICE1 HAVE !IR ORIG91 DEVELOP BE/ 9 FRE$OM4 

,LIKE ,BAKUN91 ,KROPOTK9 TOO WAS A REVOLUTION>Y4 ,BUT HE1 LIKE ,ELISEE ,RECLUS & O!RS1 SAW 9 REVOLUTION ONLY A SPECIAL PHASE ( ! EVOLUTION>Y PROCESS1 :I* APPE>S :5 NEW SOCIAL ASPIRATIONS >E SO RE/RICT$ 9 !IR NATURAL DEVELOPM5T BY AU?ORITY ?AT !Y HAVE TO %ATT] ! OLD %ELL BY VIOL5CE BE=E !Y CAN FUNCTION AS NEW FACTORS 9 HUMAN LIFE4 ,9 CONTRA/ TO ,PR\DHON & ,BAKUN91 ,KROPOTK9 ADVOCAT$ COMMUNITY [N]%IP1 NOT ONLY ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 BUT ( ! PRODUCTS ( LABOR AS WELL1 AS IT WAS HIS OP9ION ?AT 9 ! PRES5T /ATUS ( TE*NIQUE NO EXACT MEASURE ( ! VALUE ( 9DIVIDUAL LABOR IS POSSIBLE1 BUT ?AT1 ON ! O!R H&1 BY A RATIONAL DIRECTION ( \R MOD]N ME?ODS ( LABOR IT WILL BE POSSIBLE TO ASSURE COMP>ATIVE ABUNDANCE TO EV]Y HUMAN BE+4 ,COMMUNI/ ,AN>*ISM1 :I* BE=E HIM HAD ALREADY BE5 URG$ BY ,JOSEPH ,DEJACQUE1 ,ELISEE ,RECLUS1 ,]RICO ,MALATE/A1 ,C>LO ,CAFI]O1 & O!RS1 & :I* IS ADVOCAT$ BY ! GREAT MAJORITY ( ,AN>*I/S TODAY1 F\ND 9 HIM ONE ( ITS MO/ BRILLIANT EXPON5TS4 

,M5TION MU/ ALSO BE MADE H]E ( ,LEO ,TOL/OY1 :O TOOK FROM PRIMITIVE ,*RI/IANITY &1 ON ! BASIS ( ! E?ICAL PR9CIPLES LAID D[N 9 ! GOSPELS1 >RIV$ AT ! IDEA ( A SOCIETY )\T RUL]%IP4 #a 

,COMMON TO ALL ,AN>*I/S IS ! DESIRE TO FREE SOCIETY ( ALL POLITICAL & SOCIAL CO]CIVE 9/ITUTIONS :I* /& 9 ! WAY ( DEVELOPM5T ( A FREE HUMANITY4 ,9 ?IS S5SE ,MUTUALISM1 ,COLLECTIVISM & ,COMMUNISM >E NOT TO BE REG>D$ AS CLOS$ SY/EMS P]MITT+ NO FUR!R DEVELOPM5T1 BUT M]ELY AS ECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS AS TO ! MEANS ( SAFEGU>D+ A FREE COMMUNITY4 ,!RE WILL EV5 PROBABLY BE 9 SOCIETY ( ! FUTURE DIFF]5T =MS ( ECONOMIC COOP]ATION OP]AT+ SIDE BY SIDE1 S9CE ANY SOCIAL PROGRESS MU/ BE ASSOCIAT$ ) ?AT FREE EXP]IM5T & PRACTICAL TE/+ \T = :I* 9 A SOCIETY ( FREE COMMUNITIES !RE WILL BE AF=D$ EV]Y OPPORTUNITY4 

,! SAME HOLDS TRUE = ! V>I\S ME?ODS ( ,AN>*ISM4 ,MO/ ,AN>*I/S ( \R TIME >E CONV9C$ ?AT A SOCIAL TRANS=MATION ( SOCIETY CANNOT BE BR\<T AB\T )\T VIOL5T REVOLUTION>Y CONVULSIONS4 ,! VIOL5CE ( !SE CONVULSIONS1 ( C\RSE1 DEP5DS UPON ! /R5G? ( ! RESI/ANCE :I* ! RUL+ CLASSES WILL BE ABLE TO OPPOSE TO ! REALIZATION ( ! NEW IDEAS4 ,! WID] ! CIRCLES :I* >E 9SPIR$ ) ! IDEA ( A REORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY 9 ! SPIRIT ( FRE$OM & ,SOCIALISM1 ! EASI] WILL BE ! BIR? PA9S ( ! COM+ SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 

,9 MOD]N AN>*ISM WE HAVE ! CONFLU5CE ( ! TWO GREAT CURR5TS :I* DUR+ & S9CE ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION HAVE F\ND SU* *>ACT]I/IC EXPRESSION 9 ! 9TELLECTUAL LIFE ( ,EUROPE3 ,SOCIALISM & ,LIB]ALISM4 ,MOD]N ,SOCIALISM DEVELOP$ :5 PR(\ND OBS]V]S 9 SOCIAL LIFE CAME TO SEE MORE & MORE CLE>LY ?AT POLITICAL CON/ITUTIONS & *ANGES 9 ! =M ( GOV]NM5T C\LD NEV] GET TO ! BOTTOM ( ?AT GREAT PROBLEM ?AT WE CALL 0! SOCIAL QUE/ION40 ,ITS SUPPORT]S RECOGNIZ$ ?AT A SOCIAL EQUALIZ+ ( HUMAN BE+S 1 DESPITE ! LOVELIE/ ( !ORETICAL ASSUMPTIONS1 IS NOT POSSIBLE SO LONG AS PEOPLE >E SEP>AT$ 9TO CLASSES ON ! BASIS ( !IR [N+ OR NOT [N+ PROP]TY1 CLASSES :OSE M]E EXI/5CE EXCLUDES 9 ADVANCE ANY ?\<T ( A G5U9E COMMUNITY4 ,& SO !RE DEVELOP$ ! RECOGNITION ?AT ONLY BY ELIM9ATION ( ECONOMIC MONOPOLIES & COMMON [N]%IP ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 9 A WORD1 BY A COMPLETE TRANS=MATION ( ALL ECONOMIC CONDITIONS & SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS ASSOCIAT$ ) !M1 DOES A CONDITION ( SOCIAL JU/ICE BECOME ?9KABLE1 A /ATUS 9 :I* SOCIETY %ALL BECOME A G5U9E COMMUNITY1 & HUMAN LABOR %ALL NO LONG] S]VE ! 5DS ( EXPLOITATION1 BUT %ALL S]VE TO ASSURE ABUNDANCE TO EV]YONE4 ,BUT AS SOON AS ,SOCIALISM BEGAN TO ASSEMBLE ITS =CES & BECAME A MOVEM5T1 !RE AT ONCE CAME TO LI<T C]TA9 DIFF]5CES ( OP9ION DUE TO ! 9FLU5CE ( ! SOCIAL 5VIRONM5T 9 DIFF]5T C\NTRIES4 ,IT IS A FACT ?AT EV]Y POLITICAL CONCEPT FROM !OCRACY TO ,CAES>ISM & DICTATOR%IP HAVE AFFECT$ C]TA9 FACTIONS 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T4 MEAN:ILE1 !RE HAVE BE5 TWO GREAT CURR5TS 9 POLITICAL ?\<T :I* HAVE BE5 ( DECISIVE SIGNIFICANCE = ! DEVELOPM5T ( ,SOCIALI/IC IDEALS3 ,LIB]ALISM1 :I* P[]FULLY /IMULAT$ ADVANC$ M9DS 9 ! ,ANGLO-,SAXON C\NTRIES & ,SPA91 9 P>TICUL>1 & ,DEMOCRACY 9 ! LAT] S5SE TO :I* ,R\SSEAU GAVE EXPRESSION 9 HIS ,SOCIAL ,CONTRACT1 & :I* F\ND ITS MO/ 9FLU5TIAL REPRES5TATIVES 9 ,FR5* ,JACOB9ISM4 ,:ILE LIB]ATION 9 ITS SOCIAL !ORIZ+ />T$ (F FROM ! 9DIVIDUAL & WI%$ TO LIMIT ! /ATE'S ACTIVITIES TO A M9IMUM1 ,DEMOCRACY TOOK ITS /& ON AN AB/RACT COLLECTIVE CONCEPT1 ,R\SSEAU'S 0G5]AL WILL10 :I* IT S\<T TO FIX 9 ! NATIONAL /ATE4 

,LIB]ALISM & ,DEMOCRACY W]E PREEM95TLY POLITICAL CONCEPTS1 & S9CE ! GREAT MAJORITY ( ! ORIG9AL ADH]5TS ( BO? MA9TA9$ ! RI<T ( [N]%IP 9 ! OLD S5SE1 !SE HAD TO R5\NCE !M BO? :5 ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T TOOK A C\RSE :I* C\LD NOT BE PRACTICALLY RECONCIL$ ) ! ORIG9AL PR9CIPLES ( ,DEMOCRACY1 & /ILL LESS ) ?OSE ( ,LIB]ALISM4 ,DEMOCRACY1 ) ITS MOTTO ( 0ALL CITIZ5S EQUAL BE=E ! LAW10 & ,LIB]ALISM ) ITS 0RI<T ( MAN OV] HIS [N P]SON10 BO? %IPWRECK$ ON ! REALITIES ( ! CAPITALI/ ECONOMIC =M4 ,SO LONG AS MILLIONS ( HUMAN BE+S 9 EV]Y C\NTRY HAD TO SELL !IR LABOR-P[] TO A SMALL M9ORITY ( [N]S1 & TO S9K 9TO ! MO/ WRET*$ MIS]Y IF !Y C\LD F9D NO BUY]S1 ! SO-CALL$ 0EQUALITY BE=E ! LAW0 REMA9S M]ELY A PI\S FRAUD1 S9CE ! LAWS >E MADE BY ?OSE :O F9D !MSELVES 9 POSSESSION ( ! SOCIAL WEAL?4 ,BUT 9 ! SAME WAY !RE CAN ALSO BE NO TALK ( A 0RI<T OV] ONE'S [N P]SON10 = ?AT RI<T 5DS :5 ONE IS COMPELL$ TO SUBMIT TO ! ECONOMIC DICTATION ( ANO!R IF HE DOES NOT WANT TO />VE4 

,AN>*ISM HAS 9 COMMON ) ,LIB]ALISM ! IDEA ?AT ! HAPP9ESS & PROSP]ITY ( ! 9DIVIDUAL MU/ BE ! /&>D ( ALL SOCIAL MATT]S4 ,&1 9 COMMON ) ! GREAT REPRES5TATIVES ( ,LIB]AL ?\<T1 IT HAS ALSO ! IDEA ( LIMIT+ ! FUNCTIONS ( GOV]NM5T TO A M9IMUM4 ,ITS SUPPORT]S HAVE FOLL[$ ?IS ?\<T TO ITS ULTIMATE LOGICAL CONSEQU5CES1 & WI% TO ELIM9ATE EV]Y 9/ITUTION ( POLITICAL P[] FROM ! LIFE ( SOCIETY4 ,:5 ,JEFF]SON CLO!S ! BASIC CONCEPT ( ,LIB]ALISM 9 ! WORDS3 0?AT GOV]NM5T IS BE/ :I* GOV]NS LEA/10 !N ,AN>*I/S SAY ) ,?OREAU3 0,?AT GOV]NM5T IS BE/ :I* GOV]NS NOT AT ALL40 

,9 COMMON ) ! F\ND]S ( SOCIALISM1 ,AN>*I/S DEM& ! ABOLITION ( ALL ECONOMIC MONOPOLIES & ! COMMON [N]%IP ( ! SOIL & ALL O!R MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 ! USE ( :I* MU/ BE AVAILABLE = ALL )\T DI/9CTION2 = P]SONAL & SOCIAL FRE$OM IS CONCEIVABLE ONLY ON ! BASIS ( EQUAL ECONOMIC ADVANTAGES = EV]YBODY4 ,)9 ! SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T ITSELF ! ,AN>*I/S REPRES5T ! VIEWPO9T ?AT ! W> AGA9/ CAPITALISM MU/ BE AT ! SAME TIME A W> AGA9/ ALL 9/ITUTIONS ( POLITICAL P[]1 = 9 HI/ORY ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION HAS ALWAYS GONE H& 9 H& ) POLITICAL & SOCIAL OPPRESSION4 ,! EXPLOITATION ( MAN BY MAN & ! DOM9ION ( MAN OV] MAN >E 9SEP>ABLE1 & EA* IS ! CONDITION ( ! O!R4 

,AS LONG AS )9 SOCIETY A POSSESS+ & A NON-POSSESS+ GR\P ( HUMAN BE+S FACE ONE ANO!R 9 5MITY1 ! /ATE WILL BE 9DISP5SABLE TO ! POSSESS+ M9ORITY = ! PROTECTION ( ITS PRIVILEGES4 :5 ?IS CONDITION ( SOCIAL 9JU/ICE VANI%ES TO GIVE PLACE TO A HI<] ORD] ( ?+S1 :I* %ALL RECOGNIZE NO SPECIAL RI<TS & %ALL HAVE AS ITS BASIC ASSUMPTION ! COMMUNITY ( SOCIAL 9T]E/S1 GOV]NM5T OV] M5 MU/ YIELD ! FIELD TO ! TO ! ADM9I/RATION ( ECONOMIC & SOCIAL AFFAIRS1 OR TO SPEAK ) ,SA9T-,SIMON3 0,! TIME WILL COME :5 ! >T ( GOV]N+ MAN WILL DISAPPE>4 ,A NEW >T WILL TAKE ITS PLACE1 ! >T ( ADM9I/]+ ?+S40 

,& HIS DISPOSES ( ! !ORY MA9TA9$ BY ,M>X & HIS FOLL[]S ?AT ! /ATE1 9 ! =M ( A PROLET>IAN DICTATOR%IP1 IS A NECESS>Y TRANSITIONAL /AGE TO A CLASSLESS SOCIETY1 9 :I* ! /ATE AFT] ! ELIM9ATION ( ALL CLASS CONFLICTS & !N ( CLASSES !MSELVES1 WILL DISSOLVE ITSELF & VANI% FROM ! CANVAS4 ,?IS CONCEPT1 :I* COMPLETELY MI/AKES ! REAL NATURE ( ! /ATE & ! SIGNIFICANCE 9 HI/ORY ( ! FACTOR ( POLITICAL P[]1 IS ONLY ! LOGICAL \TCOME ( SO-CALL$ ECONOMIC MAT]IALISM1 :I* SEES 9 ALL ! PH5OM5A ( HI/ORY M]ELY ! 9EVITABLE EFFECTS ( ! ME?ODS ( PRODUCTION ( ! TIME4 ,UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( ?IS !ORY PEOPLE CAME TO REG>D ! DIFF]5T =MS ( ! /ATE & ALL O!R SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS AS A 0JURIDICAL & POLITICAL SUP]/RUCTURE0 ON ! 0ECONOMIC $IFICE0 ( SOCIETY1 & ?\<T ?AT !Y HAD F\ND 9 ?AT !ORY ! KEY TO EV]Y HI/ORICAL PROCESS4 ,9 REALITY EV]Y SECTION ( HI/ORY AF=DS US ?\S&S ( EXAMPLES ( ! WAY 9 :I* ! ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T ( A C\NTRY HAS BE5 SET BACK = C5TURIES & =C$ 9TO PRESCRIB$ =MS BY P>TICUL> /RUGGLES = POLITICAL P[]4 

,BE=E ! RISE ( ! ECCLESIA/ICAL MON>*Y ,SPA9 WAS 9DU/RIALLY ! MO/ ADVANC$ C\NTRY 9 ,EUROPE & HELD ! FIR/ PLACE 9 ECONOMIC PRODUCTION 9 ALMO/ EV]Y FIELD4 ,BUT A C5TURY AFT] ! TRIUMPH ( ! ,*RI/IAN MON>*Y MO/ ( ITS 9DU/RIES HAD DISAPPE>$4 ,:AT WAS LEFT ( !N SURVIV$ ONLY 9 ! MO/ WRET*$ CONDITIONS4 ,9 MO/ 9DU/RIES !Y HAD REV]T$ TO ! MO/ PRIMITIVE ME?ODS ( PRODUCTION4 ,AGRICULTURE COLLAPS$1 CANALS & WAT]WAYS FELL 9TO RU91 & VA/ /RET*ES ( C\NTRY W]E TRANS=M$ 9TO DES]TS4 ,D[N TO ?IS DAY ,SPA9 HAS NEV] RECOV]$ FROM ?AT SETBACK4 ,! ASPIRATIONS ( A P>TICUL> CA/E = POLITICAL P[] HAD LAID ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T FALL[ = C5TURIES4 

,PR9CELY ABSOLUTISM 9 ,EUROPE1 ) ITS SILLY 0ECONOMIC ORD9ANCES0 & 09DU/RIAL LEGISLATION10 :I* PUNI%$ SEV]ELY ANY DEVIATION FROM ! PRESCRIB$ ME?ODS ( PRODUCTION & P]MITT$ NO NEW 9V5TIONS1 BLOCK$ 9DU/RIAL PROGRESS 9 ,EUROPEAN C\NTRIES = C5TURIES1 & PREV5T$ ITS NATURAL DEVELOPM5T4 ,& W]E !RE NOT CONSID]ATIONS ( POLITICAL P[] :I* AFT] ! ,WORLD ,W> CON/ANTLY BALK$ ANY ESCAPE FROM ! UNIV]SAL ECONOMIC CRISIS & DELIV]$ ! FUTURE ( :OLE C\NTRIES TO POLITICS-PLAY+ G5]ALS & POLITICAL ADV5TUR]S8 ,:O WILL ASS]T ?AT MOD]N ,FASCISM WAS AN 9EVITABLE RESULT ( ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T8 

,9 ,RUSSIA1 H[EV]1 :]E ! SO-CALL$ 0PROLET>IAN DICTATOR%IP0 HAS RIP5$ 9TO REALITY1 ! ASPIRATIONS ( A P>TICUL> P>TY = POLITICAL P[] HAVE PREV5T$ ANY TRULY SOCIALI/IC RECON/RUCTION ( ECONOMY & HAVE =C$ ! C\NTRY 9TO ! SLAV]Y ( A GR9D+ /ATE-CAPITALISM4 ,! 0DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT10 9 :I* NAIVE S\LS WI% TO SEE M]ELY A PASS+1 BUT 9EVITABLE1 TRANSITION /AGE TO REAL ,SOCIALISM1 HAS TODAY GR[N 9TO A FRI<TFUL DESPOTISM1 :I* LAGS BEH9D ! TYRANNY ( ! ,FASCI/ /ATES 9 NO?+4 

,! ASS]TION ?AT ! /ATE MU/ CONT9UE TO EXI/ UNTIL CLASS CONFLICTS1 & CLASSES ) !M1 DISAPPE>1 S\NDS1 9 ! LI<T ( ALL HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CE1 ALMO/ LIKE A BAD JOKE4 ,EV]Y TYPE ( POLITICAL P[] PRESUPPOSES SOME P>TICUL> =M ( HUMAN SLAV]Y1 = ! MA9T5ANCE ( :I* IT IS CALL$ 9TO BE+4 ,JU/ AS \TW>DLY1 ?AT IS1 9 RELATION TO O!R /ATES1 ! /ATE HAS TO CREATE C]TA9 >TIFICIAL ANTAGONISMS 9 ORD] TO JU/IFY ITS EXI/5CE1 SO ALSO 9T]NALLY ! CLEAVAGE ( SOCIETY 9TO CA/ES1 RANKS1 & CLASSES IS AN ESS5TIAL CONDITION ( ITS CONT9UANCE4 ,! /ATE IS CAPABLE ONLY ( PROTECT+ OLD PRIVILEGES & CREAT+ NEW ONES2 9 ?AT ITS :OLE SIGNIFICANCE IS EXHAU/$4 

,A NEW /ATE :I* HAS BE5 BR\<T 9TO EXI/5CE BY A SOCIAL REVOLUTION CAN PUT AN 5D TO ! PRIVILEGES ( ! OLD RUL+ CLASSES1 BUT IT CAN DO ?IS ONLY BY IMM$IATELY SETT+ UP A NEW PRIVILEG$ CLASS1 :I* IT WILL REQUIRE = ! MA9T5ANCE ( ITS RUL]%IP4 ,! DEVELOPM5T ( ! ,BOL%EVI/ BUREAUCRACY 9 ,RUSSIA UND] ! ALLEG$ DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT--:I* HAS NEV] BE5 ANY?+ BUT ! DICTATOR%IP ( A SMALL CLIQUE OV] ! PROLET>IAT & ! 5TIRE ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE--IS M]ELY A NEW 9/ANCE ( AN OLD HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CE :I* HAS REPEAT$ ITSELF UNC\NTABLE TIMES4 ,?IS NEW RUL+ CLASS1 :I* TODAY IS RAPIDLY GR[+ 9TO A NEW >I/OCRACY1 IS SET AP>T FROM ! GREAT MASSES ( ,RUSSIAN PEASANTS & WORK]S JU/ AS CLE>LY AS >E ! PRIVILEG$ CA/ES & CLASSES 9 O!R C\NTRIES FROM ! MASS ( !IR PEOPLES4 

,IT C\LD P]HAPS BE OBJECT$ ?AT ! NEW ,RUSSIAN COMMIS>-OCRACY CANNOT BE PUT UP ON ! SAME FOOT+ AS ! P[]FUL F9ANCIAL & 9DU/RIAL OLIG>*IES ( CAPITALI/ /ATES4 ,BUT ! OBJECTION WILL NOT HOLD4 ,IT IS NOT ! SIZE OR ! EXT5T ( ! PRIVILEGE ?AT MATT]S1 BUT ITS IMM$IATE EFFECT ON ! DAILY LIFE ( ! AV]AGE HUMAN BE+4 ,AN ,AM]ICAN WORK+ MAN :O1 UND] MOD]ATELY DEC5T WORK+ CONDITIONS1 E>NS 5\< TO FE$1 CLO! & H\SE HIMSELF HUMANELY & HAS 5\< LEFT OV] TO PROVIDE HIMSELF ) SOME CULTUR$ 5JOYM5TS1 FEELS ! POSSESSION ( MILLIONS BY ! ,MELLONS & ,MORGANS LESS ?AN A MAN :O E>NS H>DLY 5\< TO SATISFY HIS MO/ URG5T NECESSITIES .<& :O.> FEELS ! PRIVILEGES ( A LITTLE CA/E ( BUREAUCRATS1 EV5 IF !SE >E NOT MILLIONAIRES4 ,PEOPLE :O CAN SC>CELY GET 5\< DRY BREAD TO SATISFY !IR HUNG]1 :O LIVE 9 SQUALID ROOMS :I* !Y >E (T5 OBLIG$ TO %>E ) /RANG]S1 & :O1 ON TOP ( ?IS1 >E COMPELL$ TO WORK UND] AN 9T5SIFI$ SPE$-UP SY/EM :I* RAISES !IR PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY TO ! UTMO/1 CAN BUT FEEL ! PRIVILEGES ( AN UPP] CLASS :I* LACKS NO?+1 MU* MORE KE5LY ?AN !IR CLASS COMRADES 9 CAPITALI/ C\NTRIES4 ,& ?IS SITUATION BECOMES /ILL MORE UNBE>ABLE :5 A DESPOTIC /ATE D5IES TO ! L[] CLASSES ! RI<T TO COMPLA9 ( EXI/+ CONDITIONS1 SO ?AT ANY PROTE/ IS MADE AT ! RISK ( !IR LIVES4 

,BUT EV5 A F> GREAT] DEGREE ( ECONOMIC EQUALITY ?AN EXI/S 9 ,RUSSIA W\LD /ILL BE NO GU>ANTEE AGA9/ POLITICAL & SOCIAL OPPRESSION4 ,IT IS JU/ ?IS :I* ,M>XISM & ALL ! O!R S*OOLS ( AU?ORIT>IAN ,SOCIALISM HAVE NEV] UND]/OOD4 ,EV5 9 PRISON1 9 ! CLOI/] OR 9 ! B>RACKS ONE F9DS A FAIRLY HI< DEGREE ( ECONOMIC EQUALITY1 AS ALL ! 9MATES >E PROVID$ ) ! SAME DWELL+1 ! SAME FOOD1 ! SAME UNI=M & ! SAME TASKS4 ,! ANCI5T ,9CA /ATE 9 ,P]U & ! ,JESUIT /ATE 9 ,P>AGUAY HAD BR\<T EQUAL ECONOMIC PROVISION = EV]Y 9HABITANT TO A FIX$ SY/EM1 BUT 9 SPITE ( ?IS ! VILE/ DESPOTISM PREVAIL$ !RE1 & ! HUMAN BE+ WAS M]ELY ! AUTOMATON ( A HI<] WILL1 ON :OSE DECISIONS HE HAD NOT ! SLI<TE/ 9FLU5CE4 ,IT WAS NOT )\T REASON ?AT ,PR\DHON SAW 9 A 0,SOCIALISM0 )\T FRE$OM ! WOR/ FROM ( SLAV]Y4 ,! URGE = SOCIAL JU/ICE CAN ONLY DEVELOP PROP]LY & BE EFFECTIVE :5 IT GR[S \T ( MAN'S S5SE ( P]SONAL FRE$OM & IS BAS$ ON ?AT4 ,9 O!R WORDS ,SOCIALISM WILL BE FREE OR IT WILL NOT BE AT ALL4 ,9 ITS RECOGNITION ( ?IS LIES ! G5U9E & PR(\ND JU/IFICATION = ! EXI/5CE ( ,AN>*ISM4 

,9/ITUTIONS S]VE ! SAME PURPOSE 9 ! LIFE ( SOCIETY AS BODILY ORGANS DO 9 PLANTS OR ANIMALS3 !Y >E ! ORGANS ( ! SOCIAL BODY4 ,ORGANS DO NOT RISE >BITR>ILY1 BUT BECAUSE ( ! DEF9ITE NECESSITIES ( ! PHYSICAL & SOCIAL 5VIRONM5T4 ! EYE ( A DEEP-SEA FI% IS =M$ V]Y DIFF]5TLY FROM ?AT ( AN ANIMAL ?AT LIVES ON L&1 BECAUSE IT HAS TO SATISFY QUITE DIFF]5T DEM&S4 ,*ANG$ CONDITIONS ( LIFE PRODUCE *ANG$ ORGANS4 BUT ! ORGAN ALWAYS P]=MS ! FUNCTION IT WAS EVOLV$ TO P]=M1 OR A RELAT$ ONE4 ,& IT GRADUALLY DISAPPE>S OR BECOMES RUDIM5T>Y AS SOON AS ITS FUNCTION IS NO LONG] NECESS>Y TO ! ORGANISM4 ,BUT AN ORGAN NEV] TAKES ON A FUNCTION ?AT DOES NOT ACCORD ) ITS PROP] PURPOSE4 

,! SAME IS TRUE ( SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS4 ,!Y1 TOO1 DO NOT RISE >BITR>ILY1 BUT >E CALL$ 9TO BE+ BY SPECIAL SOCIAL NE$S TO S]VE DEF9ITE PURPOSES4 ,9 ?IS WAY ?IS MOD]N /ATE WAS EVOLV$ AFT] MONOPOLY ECONOMY1 & ! CLASS DIVISIONS ASSOCIAT$ ) !M HAD BEGUN TO MAKE !MSELVES MORE & MORE CONSPICU\S 9 ! FRAMEWORK ( ! OLD SOCIAL ORD]4 ,! NEWLY >ISE POSSESS+ CLASSES HAD NE$ ( A POLITICAL 9/RUM5T ( P[] TO MA9TA9 !IR ECONOMIC & SOCIAL PRIVILEGES OV] ! MASSES ( !IR [N PEOPLE1 & TO IMPOSE !M FROM )\T ON O!R GR\PS ( HUMAN BE+S4 ,?US >OSE ! APPROPRIATE SOCIAL CONDITIONS = ! EVOLUTION ( ! MOD]N /ATE1 AS ! ORGAN ( POLITICAL P[] ( PRIVILEG$ CA/ES & CLASSES = ! =CIBLE SUBJUGATION & OPPRESSION ( ! NON-POSSESS+ CLASSES4 ,?IS TASK IS ! POLITICAL LIFEWORK ( ! /ATE1 ! ESS5TIAL REASON = IT EXI/+ AT ALL4 ,& TO ?IS TASK IT HAS ALWAYS REMA9$ FAI?FUL1 MU/ REMA9 FAI?FUL1 = IT CANNOT ESCAPE FROM ITS SK94 

,ITS EXT]NAL =MS HAVE ALT]$ 9 ! C\RSE ( ITS HI/ORICAL DEVELOPM5T1 BUT ITS FUNCTIONS HAVE ALWAYS REMA9$ ! SAME4 ,!Y HAVE EV5 BE5 CON/ANTLY BROAD5$ 9 JU/ ! MEASURE 9 :I* ITS SUPPORT]S HAVE SUCCE$$ 9 MAK+ FUR!R FIELDS ( SOCIAL ACTIVITY SUBS]VI5T TO !IR NE$S4 ,:E!R ! /ATE BE MON>*Y OR REPUBLIC1 :E!R HI/ORICALLY IT IS AN*OR$ TO AUTOCRACY OR 9 A NATIONAL CON/ITUTION1 ITS FUNCTION REMA9S ALWAYS ! SAME4 ,& JU/ AS ! FUNCTIONS ( ! BODILY ORGANS ( PLANTS & ANIMALS CANNOT BE >BITR>ILY ALT]$1 SO ?AT1 = EXAMPLE1 ONE CANNOT AT WILL HE> ) HIS EYES & SEE ) HIS E>S1 SO ALSO ONE CANNOT AT PLEASURE TRANS=M AN ORGAN ( SOCIAL OPPRESSION 9TO AN 9/RUM5T = ! LIB]ATION ( ! OPPRESS$4 ,! /ATE CAN ONLY BE :AT IT IS3 ! DEF5D] ( MASS EXPLOITATION & SOCIAL PRIVILEGES1 ! CREATOR ( PRIVILEG$ CLASSES & CA/ES & ( NEW MONOPOLIES4 ,:O FAILS TO RECOGNIZE ?IS FUNCTION ( ! /ATE DOES NOT UND]/& ! REAL NATURE ( ! PRES5T SOCIAL ORD] AT ALL1 & IS 9CAPABLE ( PO9T+ \T TO HUMANITY NEW \TLOOKS = ITS SOCIAL EVOLUTION4 

,AN>*ISM IS NO PAT5T SOLUTION = ALL HUMAN PROBLEMS1 NO ,UTOPIA ( A P]FECT SOCIAL ORD]1 AS IT HAS SO (T5 BE5 CALL$1 S9CE ON PR9CIPLE IT REJECTS ALL ABSOLUTE S*EMES & CONCEPTS4 ,IT DOES NOT BELIEVE 9 ANY ABSOLUTE TRU?1 OR 9 DEF9ITE F9AL GOALS = HUMAN DEVELOPM5T1 BUT 9 AN UNLIMIT$ P]FECTIBILITY ( SOCIAL >RANGEM5TS & HUMAN LIV+ CONDITIONS1 :I* >E ALWAYS /RA9+ AFT] HI<] =MS ( EXPRESSION1 & TO :I* = ?IS REASON ONE CAN ASSIGN NO DEF9ITE T]M9US NOR SET ANY FIX$ GOAL4 ,! WOR/ CRIME ( ANY TYPE ( /ATE IS JU/ ?AT IT ALWAYS TRIES TO =CE ! RI* DIV]SITY ( SOCIAL LIFE 9TO DEF9ITE =MS & ADJU/ IT TO ONE P>TICUL> =M1 :I* ALL[S = NO WID] \TLOOK & REG>DS ! PREVI\SLY EXCIT+ /ATUS AS F9I%$4 ,! /RONG] ITS SUPPORT]S FEEL !MSELVES1 ! MORE COMPLETELY !Y SUCCE$ 9 BR++ EV]Y FIELD ( SOCIAL LIFE 9TO !IR S]VICE1 ! MORE CRIPPL+ IS !IR 9FLU5CE ON ! OP]ATION ( ALL CREATIVE CULTURAL =CES1 ! MORE UN:OLESOMELY DOES IT AFFECT ! 9TELLECTUAL & SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T ( ANY P>TICUL> EPO*4 

,! SO-CALL$ TOTALIT>IAN /ATE1 :I* N[ RE/S LIKE A M\NTA9-WEI<T UPON :OLE PEOPLES & TRIES TO MOLD EV]Y EXPRESSION ( !IR 9TELLECTUAL & SOCIAL LIFE TO ! LIFELESS PATT]N SET BY A POLITICAL PROVID5CE1 SUPPRESSES ) RU?LESS & BRUTAL =CE EV]Y EF=T AT ALT]ATION ( ! EXI/+ CONDITIONS4 ,! TOTALIT>IAN /ATE IS A DIRE OM5 = \R TIME1 & %[S ) FRI<TFUL CL>ITY :I!R SU* A RETURN TO ! B>B>ITY ( PA/ C5TURIES MU/ LEAD4 ,IT IS ! TRIUMPH ( ! POLITICAL MA*9E OV] M9D1 ! RATIONALIZ+ ( HUMAN ?\<T1 FEEL+ & BEHAVIOR ACCORD+ TO ! E/ABLI%$ RULES ( ! (FICIALS4 ,IT IS CONSEQU5TLY ! 5D ( ALL 9TELLECTUAL CULTURE4 

,AN>*ISM RECOGNIZES ONLY ! RELATIVE SIGNIFICANCE ( IDEAS1 9/ITUTIONS & SOCIAL =MS4 ,IT IS !RE=E NOT A FIX$1 SELF-5CLOS$ SOCIAL SY/EM1 BUT RA!R A DEF9ITE TR5D 9 ! HI/ORIC DEVELOPM5T ( MANK9D1 :I*1 9 CONTRA/ ) ! 9TELLECTUAL GU>DIAN%IP ( ALL CL]ICAL & GOV]NM5TAL 9/ITUTIONS1 /RIVES = ! FREE UNH9D]$ UNFOLD+ ( ALL ! 9DIVIDUAL & SOCIAL =CES 9 LIFE4 ,EV5 FRE$OM IS ONLY A RELATIVE1 NOT AN ABSOLUTE CONCEPT1 S9CE IT T5DS CON/ANTLY TO BECOME BROAD] & AFFECT WID] CIRCLES 9 MORE MANIFOLD WAYS4 ,= ! ,AN>*I/1 FRE$OM IS NOT AN AB/RACT PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPT1 BUT ! VITAL CONCRETE POSSIBILITY = EV]Y HUMAN BE+ TO BR+ TO FULL DEVELOPM5T ALL ! P[]S1 CAPACITIES & TAL5TS ) :I* NATURE HAS 5D[$ HIM1 & TURN !M TO SOCIAL ACC\NT4 ,! LESS ?IS NATURAL DEVELOPM5T ( MAN IS 9FLU5C$ BY ECCLESIA/ICAL OR POLITICAL GU>DIAN%IP1 ! MORE EFFICI5T & H>MONI\S WILL HUMAN P]SONALITY BECOME1 ! MORE WILL IT BECOME ! MEASURE ( ! SOCIETY 9 :I* IT HAS GR[N4 

,?IS IS ! REASON :Y ALL GREAT CULTURE P]IODS 9 HI/ORY HAVE BE5 P]IODS ( POLITICAL WEAKNESS4 ,& ?AT IS QUITE NATURAL1 = POLITICAL SY/EMS >E ALWAYS SET UPON ! ME*ANIZ+ & NOT UPON ! ORGANIC DEVELOPM5T ( SOCIAL =CES4 ,/ATE & CULTURE >E 9 ! DEP? ( !IR BE+ IRRECONCILABLE OPPOSITES4 ,NIETZS*E RECOGNIZ$ ?IS V]Y CLE>LY :5 HE WROTE3 

 0,NO ONE CAN F9ALLY SP5D MORE ?AN HE HAS4 ,?AT HOLDS GOOD = 9DIVIDUALS2 IT HOLDS GOOD = PEOPLES4 ,IF ONE SP5DS ONESELF = P[]1 = HI< POLITICS1 = HUSB&RY1 = COMM]CE1 P>LIAM5T>ISM1 MILIT>Y 9T]E/S--IF ONE GIVES AWAY ?AT AM\NT ( REASON1 E>NE/NESS1 WILL1 SELF-MA/]Y1 :I* CON/ITUTES ONE'S REAL SELF = ONE ?+1 HE WILL NOT HAVE IT = ! O!R4 ,CULTURE & ! /ATE--LET NO ONE BE DECEIV$ AB\T ?IS-->E ANTAGONI/S3 ! ',CULTURE ,/ATE' IS M]ELY A MOD]N IDEA4 ,! ONE LIVES ON ! O!R1 ! ONE PROSP]S AT ! EXP5SE ( ! O!R4 ,ALL GREAT P]IODS ( CULTURE >E P]IODS ( POLITICAL DECL9E4 ,:ATEV] IS GREAT 9 A CULTUR$ S5SE IS NON POLITICAL1 IS EV5 ANTI-POLITICAL40  

,A P[]FUL /ATE ME*ANISM IS ! GREATE/ H9DRANCE TO ANY HI<] CULTURAL DEVELOPM5T4 ,:]E ! /ATE HAS BE5 ATTACK$ BY 9T]NAL DECAY1 :]E ! 9FLU5CE ( POLITICAL P[] ON ! CREATIVE =CES ( SOCIETY IS R$UC$ TO A M9IMUM1 !RE CULTURE ?RIVES BE/1 = POLITICAL RUL]%IP ALWAYS /RIVES = UNI=MITY & T5DS TO SUBJECT EV]Y ASPECT ( SOCIAL LIFE TO ITS GU>DIAN%IP4 ,& 9 ?IS IT F9DS ITSELF 9 9ESCAPABLE CONTRADICTION TO ! CREATIVE ASPIRATIONS ( CULTURAL DEVELOPM5T1 :I* IS ALWAYS ON ! QUE/ AFT] NEW =MS & FIELDS ( SOCIAL ACTIVITY1 & = :I* FRE$OM ( EXPRESSION1 ! MANYSID$NESS & ! KALEIDOSCOPIC *ANGES ( ?+S1 >E JU/ AS VITALLY NECESS>Y AS RIGID =MS1 DEAD RULES & ! =CIBLE SUPPRESSION ( EV]Y MANIFE/ATION ( SOCIAL LIFE :I* >E 9 CONTRADICTION TO IT4 

,EV]Y CULTURE1 IF ITS NATURAL DEVELOPM5T IS NOT TOO MU* AFFECT$ BY POLITICAL RE/RICTIONS1 EXP]I5CES A P]PETUAL R5EWAL ( ! =MATIVE URGE1 & \T ( ?AT COMES AN EV] GR[+ DIV]SITY ( CREATIVE ACTIVITY4 ,EV]Y SUCCESSFUL PIECE ( WORK /IRS ! DESIRE = GREAT] P]FECTION & DEEP] 9SPIRATION2 EA* NEW =M BECOMES ! H]ALD ( NEW POSSIBILITIES ( DEVELOPM5T4 ,BUT ! /ATE CREATES NO CULTURE1 AS IS SO (T5 ?\<TLESSLY ASS]T$2 IT ONLY TRIES TO KEEP ?+S AS !Y >E1 SAFELY AN*OR$ TO /]EOTYPES4 ,?AT HAS BE5 ! REASON = ALL REVOLUTIONS 9 HI/ORY4 

,P[] OP]ATES ONLY DE/RUCTIVELY1 B5T ALWAYS ON =C+ EV]Y MANIFE/ATION ( LIFE 9TO ! /RAITJACKET ( ITS LAWS4 ,ITS 9TELLECTUAL =M ( EXPRESSION IS DEAD DOGMA1 ITS PHYSICAL =M BRUTE =CE4 ,& ?IS UN9TELLIG5CE ( ITS OBJECTIVES SETS ITS /AMP ON ITS SUPPORT]S ALSO & R5D]S !M /UPID & BRUTAL1 EV5 :5 !Y W]E ORIG9ALLY 5D[$ ) ! BE/ ( TAL5TS4 ,ONE :O IS CON/ANTLY /RIV+ TO =CE EV]Y?+ 9TO A ME*ANICAL ORD] AT LA/ BECOMES A MA*9E HIMSELF & LOSES ALL HUMAN FEEL+4 

,IT WAS FROM ! UND]/&+ ( ?IS ?AT MOD]N ,AN>*ISM WAS BORN & N[ DRAWS ITS MORAL =CE4 ,ONLY FRE$OM CAN 9SPIRE M5 TO GREAT ?+S & BR+ AB\T SOCIAL & POLITICAL TRANS=MATIONS4 ,! >T ( RUL+ M5 HAS NEV] BE5 ! >T ( $UCAT+ M5 & 9SPIR+ !M TO A NEW %AP+ ( !IR LIVES4 ,DRE>Y COMPULSION HAS AT ITS COMM& ONLY LIFELESS DRILL1 :I* SMO!RS ANY VITAL 9ITIATIVE AT ITS BIR? & CAN BR+ =? ONLY SUBJECTS1 NOT FREE M54 ,FRE$OM IS ! V]Y ESS5CE ( LIFE1 ! IMPELL+ =CE 9 ALL 9TELLECTUAL & SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T1 ! CREATOR ( EV]Y NEW \TLOOK = ! FUTURE ( MANK9D4 ,! LIB]ATION ( MAN FROM ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION & FROM 9TELLECTUAL & POLITICAL OPPRESSION1 :I* F9DS ITS F9E/ EXPRESSION 9 ! WORLD-PHILOSOPHY ( ,AN>*ISM1 IS ! FIR/ PR]EQUISITE = ! EVOLUTION ( A HI<] SOCIAL CULTURE & A NEW HUMANITY4 

,NOTES 

#a ,! READ] WILL F9D 9 ! WORKS ( ,MAX ,NETTLAU LI/$ 9 ! BIBLIOGRAPHY A V]Y WELL 9=M$ HISORY ( ,AN>*I/ DOCTR9ES & MOVEM5TS4 

,GO TO ,*APT] #b 

7,A,N,>,*,O,S,Y,N,D,I,C,A,L,I,S,M IS AVAILABLE 9 PR9T =M FROM ,FRE$OM ,PRESS1 9  
,ANGEL ,ALLEY1 #h#dB ,:ITE*APEL ,HI< ,/REET1 ,LONDON ,E#a1 ,5GL&2 ,PH5IX  
,PRESS1 ,B,M ,BOOKS]V1 ,LONDON ,W,C#a,N #c,X,X1 ,5GL&1 OR ,PLUTO ,PRESS1 #cde  
,>*WAY ,ROAD1 ,LONDON ,N#f #e,A,A1 ,5GL&47 

,M>K$ UP BY ,*UCK ,MUNSON ON ,JULY #b#i?1 #aiif 

,FROM 3 ,SPUNK4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aicg 3 ,*APT] #a -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,FEBRU>Y #i1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #a -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/