,*APT] #d 
,NEW ,T5D5CIES 9 ,RUSSIAN ,AN>*ISM 

#aihaih 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,VICTOR ,S]GE 

,TEXT 3 

,NEW ,T5D5CIES 9 ,RUSSIAN ,AN>*ISM 

,S,E,P,T,E,M,B,] #d1 #aiba 

,WE KN[ ?AT ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION WAS ! CAUSE1 FIR/ )9 ! ,RUSSIAN SOCIALI/ P>TIES & !N ! 9T]NATIONAL ONES1 ( A DEF9ITIVE SPLIT4 ,9 ! FACE ( ! REALITY ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 M5 US$ TO CALL+ !MSELVES REVOLUTION>IES HAD TO TAKES SIDES = OR AGA9/ VIOL5CE1 = OR AGA9/ ! IMM$IATE EXPROPRIATION ( ! RI*1 = OR AGA9/ DICTATOR%IP4 ,& ! OLD ,RUSSIAN ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY F\ND$ BY ,PLEKHANOV HAD AN ABYSS DUG )9 IT BETWE5 ! ,M5%EVIKS & ! ,BOL%EVIKS4 ,! ,SOCIAL-,REVOLUTION>IES DIVID$ 9TO A CATEGORICALLY REACTION>Y RI<T & A ,SOVIETI/ LEFT4 ,! ,RUSSIAN ,JEWI% P>TIES EVOLV$ 9 ! SAME WAY4 ,AS = ! AN>*I/S 444 

,! AN>*I/S CON/ITUT$ A SCATT]$1 V>I$ MOVEM5T DIVID$ 9TO POORLY DEL9EAT$ & %ORT-LIV$ MOVEM5TS4 ,& YET1 FROM ,M>* TO ,OCTOB] #aiag IT DEMON/RAT$ GREAT ACTIVITY & GREAT VITALITY4 ,BUT AS A RESULT ( ! DIFFUSE *>ACT] ( !IR MOVEM5T !RE WAS NO CLE> SPLIT 9 ! MOVEM5T4 ,FROM ! FIR/ MOM5T MO/ ( !M ADH]$ TO ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION1 :I*1 ALONG ) ! ,BOL%EVIKS1 !Y HAD PREP>$ & DESIR$4 ,IT WAS ONLY MU* LAT] ?AT ! REVOLUTION W\LD DIVIDE !M 9TO TWO OPPOS$ T5D5CIES4 ,SYMPTOMATIC 9DICATIONS NEV]!LESS %[ ?AT DUR+ ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION !RE W]E CURR5TS AMONG ! AN>*I/S :O W]E AGA9/ ! LATT]4 ,ON ! EVE ( EV5TS ! ,GOLOS ,TRUDA 7AN>*O-SYNDICALI/7 PUBLI%$ A DECL>ATION 9 :I*1 RESPOND+ TO QUE/IONS FROM ITS READ]S1 IT SPECIFI$ ?AT IT DIDN'T WANT TO SUPPORT ! MOVEM5T ?AT WAS BE+ PREP>$ & WAS ONLY DISPOS$ TO FOLL[ IT IF ! MASSES DID4 ,?IS WAS H[ ! MO/ WIDELY DI/RIBUT$ AN>*I/ ORGAN AMONG ! ,PETROGRAD WORK]S EXPRESS$ ITSELF ON ,OCTOB] #b#c1 #a#i#a#g4 ,& ! DAY AFT] ! BATTLES ( ! REVOLUTION 9 ,MOSC[ ,DR4 ,ATBEKIAN1 AN OLD FRI5D ( ,KROPOTK9'S1 BITT]LY REPROA*$ ! ,BOL%EVIKS = HAV+ UNLEA%$ A CIVIL W>4.<#f.> ,BUT ,I REPEAT1 ?IS ONLY 9DICATES ! WEAKE/ T5D5CY4 ,MO/ ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/ MILITANTS DIDN'T %>E ! HESITATIONS ( ,GOLOS ,TRUDA OR ! SCRUPLES ( ! HUMANIT>IAN PHILOSOPH]4 ,& ,I ONLY CITE !SE FACTS BECAUSE !Y APPE> TO ME TO M>K ! DEP>TURE PO9T ( ! DIVISIONS ?AT >E GR[+ AMONG ! ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S1 =C$ DAILY TO DECL>E !MSELVES = OR AGA9/ ! REVOLUTION 7! REALITY-REVOLUTION1 QUITE DIFF]5T FROM ! !ORY-REVOLUTION1 & EV5 MORE FROM ! IDEAL-REVOLUTION74 

,TODAY ?IS DIVISION IS SO %>P ?AT !RE >E A GREAT NUMB] ( AN>*I/S :O >E MEMB]S ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY & O!R AN>*I/S IMPRISON$ BY ! ,EXTRAORD9>Y ,COMMISSIONS .<! ,*EKA --$4.> :I* CONSID] !M1 RI<TLY OR WRONGLY1 ! MO/ =MIDABLE 5EMIES ( ! ,COMMUNI/ P[]4 ,AP>T FROM !SE EXTREMES1 ALL ! ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/ T5D5CIES >E SUBDIVID$ 9TO A LEFT 7BITT]LY HO/ILE TO COMMUNISM7 & A RI<T 7LOYAL TO & SYMPA?IZ+ ) COMMUNISM71 :I*1 9 !SE TIMES ( CIVIL W>1 EXPLA9S :Y =M] SYNDICALI/S >E IMPRISON$ BY A REGIME 9 :I* O!R =M] SYNDICALI/S--SOMETIMES FRI5DS ( ! =M]--OCCUPY POSITIONS ( RESPONSIBILITY4 ,TO BE PRECISE1 ,I WILL PO9T \T ?AT !RE >E TWO GR\PS ( =M] SYNDICALI/S1 ?AT ( ,GOLOS ,TRUDA1 :I* WAS ALWAYS LEGAL1 LOYAL1 & :OSE MEMB]S HAVE NEV] CEAS$ TO WORK )9 ,SOVIET 9/ITUTIONS1 & ! ,AN>*O-,SYNDICALI/ ,CONF$]ATION1 IRR$UCIBLY OPPOS$ TO ! ,COMMUNI/ REGIME2 ?AT !RE >E ALSO TWO =M] ,UNIV]SALI/ GR\PS1 ONE ) ,BOL%EVIK T5D5CIES & ! O!R HO/ILE TO ,BOL%EVISM2 & ?AT BO? !SE LESS %>PLY DEL9EAT$ NUANCES >E 9 ! ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/ ,F$]ATION 7= 9 ,MOSC[ !RE IS A TOTAL ( AB\T T5 AN>*I/ ORGANIZATIONS74 

,9 SUMM>Y1 !RE >E ?OSE :O1 HAV+ LE>N$ NO?+ FROM ! REVOLUTION1 MA9TA9 !IR TRADITIONAL POSITIONS1 & ?OSE :O1 SEE+ !MSELVES LEFT BEH9D BY EV5TS1 /RIVE MI<TILY TO SUMM>IZE !IR EXP]I5CE & REALIZE A SYN!SIS FROM :I* A NEW AN>*ISM WILL SOON] OR LAT] BE BORN4 

,9 ?IS >TICLE ,I WILL RE/RICT MYSELF TO DESCRIB+ ! EF=TS ( ! SECOND GR\P4 ,! AN>*I/S1 OP5 5EMIES ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 HAVE NO LEGAL PRESS 9 ,R$ ,RUSSIA4 ,O!R LIB]T>IAN ELEM5TS1 :I* ,I WILL QUALIFY AS ,KROPOTK9I/ 0C5TRI/S10 :OSE OPPOSITION TO ! ,COMMUNI/S IS LIMIT$ TO ! CRITICISM ( IDEAS1 >E CURR5TLY PUBLI%+ ! ,VOLNAYA ,ZHIZN1 ORGAN ( ! ,PAN-,RUSSIAN ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/S1 ,A4 ,K>EL9E1.<#f#a.> $ITOR1 #a/ ,H\SE ( ! ,SOVIETS #b#a#i1 ,MOSC[71 & ! ,POT*9 70,! ,BEG9N+10 PRIM>ILY D$ICAT$ TO PROPAG&A = COOP]ATION1 ,MOSC[1 ,PAN-,RUSSIAN ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNI/S74 ,!SE SMALL PAP]S1 :I* UNQUE/IONABLY RESPOND TO A NE$1 HAVE NO?+ NEW TO TEA* US4 ,! NEW T5D5CIES ( ,RUSSIAN AN>*ISM MANIFE/ !MSELVES1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ) 9CREAS+ DI/9CTNESS1 9 ! FOLL[+ REVIEWS & DOCUM5TS1 :I* ,I WILL BRIEFLY ANALYZE3 

,DECL>ATION ( ! ,AN>*I/-,SYNDICALI/S 7,GOLOSS-,TRUDA1 ,JUNE-,JULY #a#i#b#a72 

,! ,UNIV]SAL1 ORGAN ( ! ,PAN-,RUSSIAN ,SECTION ( ! ,AN>*I/-,UNIV]SALI/S1 NOS4 #a-#b1 #c-#d1 ,FEBRU>Y-,MAY #a#i#b#a2 

,?R\< ,SOCIALISM TO ,AN>*ISM-,UNIV]SALISM1 ORGAN ( ! ,AN>*I/-,UNIV]SALI/ ,ASSOCIATION 79T]-9DIVIDUALI/71 NOS4 #a-#c1 ,MOSC[1 ,APRIL1 ,MAY1 ,JUNE #a#i#b#a2 

0,DECL>ATION ( ! ,UNION ( ,RUSSIAN ,AN>*I/S ,REPATRIAT$ FROM ,AM]ICA0 7REVIS$ & COMPLET$1 ,MOSC[1 ,JULY #a#i#b#a74 

,ASIDE FROM !SE DOCUM5TS1 :I* >E 9 A WAY (FICIAL1 ,I WILL ALSO QUOTE O!RS ( LESS] VALUE :5 !Y SEEM TO ME LIKELY TO PUT 9 RELIEF A /ATE ( M9D1 A WAY ( ?9K+4 

0,NO DICTATOR%IP1 BUT ALL P[]0 

,ALL DISCUSSIONS OBVI\SLY GRAVITATE >\ND ! PROBLEM ( DICTATOR%IP4 

,AFT] HAV+ REM>K$ ?AT ! /RUGGLE = ! EMANCIPATION ( ! LABOR+ MASSES 09EVITABLY LEADS TO ! DE/RUCTION ( ! /ATE1 TO ! LIQUIDATION ( AU?ORITY02 ?AT 9 EV]Y REVOLUTION ! CREATIVE P[] ( ! MASSES MU/ BE DEVELOP$1 EV5 AGA9/ AU?ORITY2 ?AT !RE IS NE$$ 0AS NORMAL AS POSSIBLE A TRANSITION ( P[] TO AN>*Y0 7YES1 YES1 BUT H[871 ! DECL>ATION ( ! AN>*I/ SYNDICALI/S POSES 9 PR9CIPLE ?AT3 0,! PRODUCTIVE 5]GIES ( ! C\NTRY--! PROLET>IAT ( ! CITIES & C\NTRYSIDE--UNITE NOT ON A POLITICAL BASIS BUT ON ?AT ( CLASS CONSCI\SNESS0 7>TICLE #h7 444 & ?AT ! P>TY OR IDEOLOGICAL ORGANIZATIONS WILL 09 NO WAY 9T]V5E 9 ! LEAD]%IP & ADM9I/RATION ( ECONOMIC & SOCIAL LIFE0 7>TICLE #i74 

,V>I\S OBJECTIONS IMM$IATELY COME TO M9D4 ,:AT DO !SE ORGANIZATIONS DO8 ,& IF !Y REFUSE TO AB/A9 AS !Y %\LD1 WILL !Y BE =C$ TO8 ,BY :OM8 ,& H[8 ,& F9ALLY1 IF ! ORGANIZ$ AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S R5\NCE 9T]V5+ 9 ! LEAD]%IP & ADM9I/RATION ( A SOCIETY 9 ! PROCESS ( REVOLUTION>Y TRANS=MATION 9 :I* !Y >E ONLY A M9ORITY1 CAN !Y HOPE ?AT ?AT SOCIETY1 :OSE IMM5SE MAJORITY KN[ NO?+ ( ! AN>*I/ IDEAL1 WILL ATTA9 IT )\T !IR COOP]ATION8 ,?AT W\LD BE EXTREMELY OPTIMI/IC4 

,I'LL SKIP OV] ! GU>ANTEE = ALL ( A 0MAXIMUM ( FRE$OM & WELL-BE+40 ,WE CAN GUESS :AT ?IS MAXIMUM C\LD1 ALAS1 BE R$UC$ TO 9 A C\NTRY BLOCKAD$ & />V$ BY A CAPITALI/ COALITION1 :]E REVOLUTION & REACTION >E 5GAG$ 9 A DUEL TO ! DEA?4 ,& ,I >RIVE 7>TICLES #a#e-#a#f7 AT ! SONG ( PRAISE TO ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION1 0A TRUE SOCIAL REVOLUTION0 FROM :I* WAS BORN ! ,RUSSIA ( ! ,SOVIETS1 0A P[]FUL LEV] = ! EMANCIPATION ( ! PROLET>IAT ( ALL C\NTRIES40 ,IT IS ONLY AFT] ?IS PREAMBLE ?AT !RE IS ANY M5TION ( ! 0USURPATION ( P[] BY A POLITICAL P>TY0 & ( ! 0MON/R\S HYP]TROPHY ( /ATE SOCIALISM0 ?AT WAS ITS CONSEQU5CE4 ,?IS WAY ( POS+ ! QUE/ION DI/ANCES US CONSID]ABLY FROM !SE AN>*I/S--& NOT ! LEA/ WELL-KN[N AMONG !M--ACCORD+ TO :OM !RE WAS NO ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION4 ,! REAL REVOLUTION WAS ?AT ( ,M>*2 9 ,OCTOB] !RE WAS NO?+ BUT A POLITICAL C\P D'ETAT4 ,= !RE >E ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S ( ?IS OP9ION4 

,BUT LET ME QUOTE 9 ITS 5TIRETY >TICLE #a#h1 :I* DEALS ) ! PROBLEM ( DICTATOR%IP4 ,IT IS REM>KABLE3 

,>T4 #a#h--,! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT1 AS ! EXPRESSION ( ! DOM9ATION ( ! ORGANIZ$ CLASS1 LEAD+ TO ! DICTATOR%IP ( ONE P>TY & TRANS=M+ ! ,SOVIET SY/EM ITSELF 9TO A BUREAUCRATIC1 POLICE1 & PRIMITIVE MA*9E IS 9ADMISSIBLE TO ! AN>*I/ SYNDICALI/S4 ,! SLOGAN 0DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT0 9 ITSELF DET]M9ES ! DE/RUCTIVE *>ACT] ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,WE MU/ OPPOSE TO IT ! CREATIVE & CON/RUCTIVE SLOGAN ( 0ALL P[] TO ! WORK+ CLASS P]SONIFI$ BY ITS VANGU>D REGIM5TS40 

,COMMUNI/S ALSO CONDEMN ! H>MFUL DE=MITIES & DEVIATIONS ( ! DICTATOR%IP4 ,BUT :AT IS DISCONC]T+ H]E IS TO SEE OPPOS$ TO ! PR9CIPLE ( ! DICTATOR%IP EX]CIS$ BY A P>TY ?AT ( ALL P[] TO ! WORK+ CLASS REPRES5T$ BY ITS ORGANIZ$ REVOLUTION>Y VANGU>D 7! DEFECTIVE TRANSLATION SAYS IT EV5 BETT]3 BY ITS REGIM5TS1 :I* IMPLIES AN IDEA ( /RICT DISCIPL9E47 

,LET'S NOT PLAY ) WORDS3 ALL P[]--! P[] TO DO EV]Y?+--MEANS A DICTATOR%IP2 AN ORGANIZ$ REVOLUTION>Y VANGU>D 7EV5 AS A UNION7 IS ! SAME AS A P>TY4 

,MOREOV]1 WE READ FUR!R ON3 0,>TICLE #a#i--,DUR+ ! CRITICAL P]IOD ( ! REVOLUTION ! AN>*I/ SYNDICALI/S ( ! REVOLUTION CONSID] ADMISSIBLE & SOMETIMES 9EVITABLE ! APPLICATION ( ORGANIZ$ VIOL5T & REPRESSIVE MEASURES AGA9/ ! ACTIVE DEF5D]S ( ! DE/ROY$ ORD]40 

,LET US SPEAK CLE>LY3 ,?IS MEANS PRISON = ! CONSCI\S OR UNCONSCI\S--IT MAKES NO DIFF]5CE--DEF5D]S ( ! B\RGEOISIE2 DEA? = ! MO/ FE>SOME AMONG !M2 T]ROR IF NECESS>Y2 & ! ORGANIZATION1 ! SY/EMATIZATION ( ALL !SE MEASURES BY EXTRAORD9>Y COMMISSIONS4 

,! POSITIVE P>T ( ?IS DOCUM5T IS PRAISEWOR?Y4 ,! RELATIONS BETWE5 ! CITY & ! C\NTRYSIDE MU/ BE FRAT]NAL4 ,TO BE SURE4 ,! 0>M$ DEF5SE ( ! C\NTRY0 IS ORGANIZ$ BY FACTORY COMMITTEES4 ,EV5 ?\< ! EXP]I5CE ( ,R$ ,HUNG>Y ( A 0UNION0 >MY WASN'T A HAPPY ONE4 ,ONE IS ALL[$ TO HOPE ?AT 9 O!R CIRCUM/ANCES ! FACTORY COMMITTEES WILL BE ABLE TO =M A ,R$ ,>MY4 

,! IMPRESSION ALL ?IS GIVES IS QUITE CLE>3 ! ,RUSSIAN AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S 9 REALTY ONLY CONDEMN ! DICTATOR%IP ( O!R REVOLUTION>IES4 ,!Y KN[ H[ TO PO9T \T ! ]RORS ( ! LATT]1 BUT 9 !IR CRITICISM !Y DON'T KN[ H[ TO AB/A9 FROM UNPLEASANT EXAGG]ATIONS1 7SEE 9 ?IS REG>D >TICLE #b#c1 A CONDEMNATION ( 0SOCIALI/ IMP]IALISM0 ?AT NO PACIFI/ LIB]AL W\LD DISAV[74 ,!Y NOTE ! MAT]IAL & MORAL EXHAU/ION ( ! C\NTRY1 I4E41 !Y DON'T %>E ! ILLUSIONS ( C]TA9 ,UKRA9IAN AN>*I/S CONC]N+ AN IMM95T ?IRD REVOLUTION4 ,!Y CALL = P>TICIPATION 9 ! WORK ( ,SOVIET ECONOMIC RECON/RUCTION 7>TICLE #b74 ,:AT >E !IR GUID+ IDEAS8 ,I SEE TWO4 

0,! PRODUCTIVE 5]GIES ( ! C\NTRY UNITE1 NOT ON A POLITICAL BASIS1 BUT ON ?AT ( CLASS CONSCI\SNESS40 ,BUT ISN'T IT NECESS>Y ?AT )9 ORGANIZATIONS BAS$ ON A CLASS CONSCI\SNESS ?AT IS DEVELOP$ TO V]Y DIFF]5T DEGREES1 ! REVOLUTION>IES 5D[$ ) ! HI<E/ CLASS CONSCI\SNESS & UNIT$ BY A COMMUNITY ( IDEALS %\LD COME TOGE!R1 PRECISELY TO ORI5T & LEAD EV5TS1 TO SET AN EXAMPLE ( ! SACRIFICES NECESS>Y1 & ALSO TO CRU% ! H>MFUL T5D5CIES )9 ANY WORK]S' MOVEM5T CAPABLE ( ASS]T+ !MSELVES DUR+ TIMES ( TR\BLES8 ,?IS GR\P+--BE IT AN>*I/ SYNDICALI/1 IF IT CALLS ITSELF 0,F$]ATION0 OR 0,CONF$]ATION0--WILL IT NOT1 9 FACT1 BE POLITICAL2 WILL IT NOT BE ! P>TY ?AT AT ! DECISIVE MOM5T WILL EX]CISE DICTATOR%IP8 

0,! MEASURES ( REVOLUTION>Y VIOL5CE MU/ 9 NO CASE BE SET AS A SY/EM ( CO]CION0 7>TICLE #a#i74 

,?IS IS P]HAPS ! MO/ IMPORTANT PO9T4 ,! GREATE/ DANG] ( DICTATOR%IP IS ?AT IT T5DS TO FIRMLY IMPLANT ITSELF1 ?AT IT CREATES P]MAN5T 9/ITUTIONS ?AT IT WANTS NEI!R TO ABDICATE NOR TO DIE A NATURAL DEA?4 ,9 ALL ( HI/ORY !RE IS NO EXAMPLE ( A DICTATOR%IP ?AT DI$ ON ITS [N4 ,! NECESS>Y >M ( ! REVOLUTION ( TODAY1 ! DICTATOR%IP1 :5 IT WILL HAVE REPLAC$ ! BE/ REVOLUTION>IES & CORRUPT$ ! O!RS1 WILL IT NOT BECOME A =MIDABLE OB/ACLE TO COMMUNI/ PROGRESS8 ,?IS IS ! PROBLEM TO BE FAC$ BY ALL REVOLUTION>Y CONSCI5CES4 ,! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ DECL>ATION ONLY SKET*ES IT & DOESN'T SOLVE IT4 ,REVOLUTIONS HAVE A C]TA9 DURATION4 ,! CONVULSIONS ( ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION EXT5D$ FROM #a<i TO #a#g#i#i4 ,ONE DOESN'T TRANS=M A WORLD 9 A FEW DAYS4 ,9 !SE CONDITIONS REPRESSIVE MEASURES MU/ BE ORGANICALLY E/ABLI%$ AS A SY/EM4 ,NO ONE WILL DISAGREE ?AT ?IS P]IOD ( TRANSITION & DICTATOR%IP %\LD BE A BRIEF AS POSSIBLE4 ,BUT EXP]I5CE DOESN'T ALL[ US TO CONCEIVE ( IT AS LA/+ BUT A FEW DAYS OR EV5 A FEW MON?S4 ,! MO/ RAPID PHASES ( HI/ORY >E C\NT$ 9 YE>S4 

,9 ! SAME ORD] ( IDEAS ,I HAVE BE=E ME A PROPOS$ 0,PLAT=M ( ,AN>*ISM10 WRITT5 BY A WELL-KN[N ,RUSSIAN MILITANT :O 9CID5TALLY BELONGS TO NO ORGANIZATION4 ,?IS AU?OR ALSO H>%LY CONDEMNS ! /ATE & ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! P>TY4 ,HE ADVOCATES ?AT ( ! WORK]S4 0,9 ! TRANSITIONAL P]IOD BETWE5 ! DOM9ATION ( CAPITAL & ! TRIUMPH ( LABOR1 OV] ! C\RSE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y DE/RUCTION ( ! ORGANS ( B\RGEOIS VIOL5CE & ! CON/RUCTION ( ! FREE WORK]S' SOCIETY1 ! ORGANIZ$ DICTATOR%IP ( ! WORK]S IS 9EVITABLE4 

,IT MU/ BE EX]CIS$ BY ! ,G5]AL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR & 0ANY ATTEMPT BY ! P>TIES & ! SOVIETS TO DE=M ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT MU/ BE M]CILESSLY REPRESS$40 

,WE CAN FULLY UND]/& ! F$]AL COMMITTEE M]CILESSLY REPRESS+ ! MO/ V>I$ MOVEM5TS4 ,BUT ?AT ?IS %\LD BE ! APPLICATION ( A PLAT=M = AN>*ISM IS SOME?+ LESS UND]/&ABLE4 

,! AU?OR SPEAKS READILY AB\T ! 0,REPUBLIC ( ,LABOR10 :I* 9 ! 5D IS NO?+ BUT ! ,C,G,T ELEVAT$ TO ! P[] ( A /ATE & AN >MY 7BY AN>*I/S67 & AN APP>ATUS ( CO]CION4 ,BUT JU/ BECAUSE !Y >E APOLITICAL 787 DO !Y (F] MORE GU>ANTEES1 MORE 9TELLIG5CE1 MORE REVOLUTION>Y DEVOTION ?AN ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY & ! ,C,S,R1 ?AT IS1 ?AN ! WORK]S' M9ORITIES ORGANIZ$ = ! REVOLUTION ON ! BASIS ( A DOCTR9E ( SOCIAL EMANCIPATION8 ,= MY P>T1 ,I AM CONV9C$ ( ! CONTR>Y4 

,9 ! F9AL SECTION ( ?IS 0,PLAT=M = ,AN>*ISM0 ,I NOTE AN UNEXPECT$ CONCLUSION1 ?AT ! AU?OR ADVOCATES ! L>GE-SCALE ADH]5CE ( SYMPA?IZ+ ORGANIZATIONS1 ( SYNDICALI/ ORGANIZATIONS--9SPIR$ BY ! AN>*I/S--TO ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL4 

,SU* TODAY IS ! IDEOLOGY--A CONFUS$ ONE1 AS WE CAN SEE--( ! ,RUSSIAN AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S4 ,NEV]!LESS1 IT ATTE/S TO A REM>KABLE EVOLUTION ( AN>*ISM T[>D NEW =MULAS ?AT O!R ,RUSSIAN MILITANTS /ATE MU* BETT]4 

0,WE WANT A /RONG ORGANIZATION0 

,TWO ISSUES ( ,! ,UNIV]SAL1 ORGAN ( ! ,PAN-,RUSSIAN ,SECTION ( ! ,AN>*I/-,UNIV]SALI/S1 APPE>$ 9 ,FEBRU>Y-,M>* & ,APRIL-,MAY4 ,O!RS >E 9 PREP>ATION4 ,?IS L>GE =MAT REVIEW HAS MORE ?AN ?IRTY-TWO PAGES ( COMPACT TEXT 9 TWO COLUMNS1 & SO WE CAN SEEK A COMPLETE & DETAIL$ EXPRESSION ( AN>*I/-UNIV]SALISM 9 ITS PAGES4 ,F\ND$ AT ! 5D ( #a#i#b1 ! ,AN>*I/-,UNIV]SALI/ ,ASSOCIATION 9ITIALLY ADOPT$ AS ITS PLAT=M A MANIFE/O WRITT5 BY ,COMRADE ,GORD94.<#f#b.> ,!RE C\LD BE F\ND 9 IT ! =MAL RECOGNITION ( ! PR9CIPLE ( ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT1 ( REVOLUTION>Y & 9DU/RIAL C5TRALIZATION1 ! CONDEMNATION ( TRADITIONAL F$]ALISM1 ETC4 ,BUT 9FLAT$ BY ! 9FLUX ( AN>*I/ ELEM5TS ( A M5TALITY COMPLETELY DIFF]5T FROM ?AT ( ! F\ND]S ( ! NEW MOVEM5T1 ! ORGANIZATION SOON PASS$ ?R\< A CRISIS ?AT 5D$ 9 A /ORMY SPLIT4 ,! M9ORITY1 GR\P$ >\ND ,GORD91 :O HAD LAUN*$ ! WORD 0,UNIV]SALI/10 WAS EXPELL$ BY ! MAJORITY4 ,AS 9 ALL OLD P>TIES1 ! EXPULSION ( ! M9ORITY BY ! MAJORITY WAS ACCOMPANI$--ON BO? SIDES1 IT APPE>S--BY 9SULTS1 DEFAMATION1 & VIOL5CE4 ,TODAY ! TWO GR\PS1 9 EXCOMMUNICAT+ EA* O!R1 EX*ANGE ! MO/ SUGGE/IVE PLEASANTRIES4 ,BUT LET'S MOVE ON4 ,?IS SIMPLY PROVES ?AT ! AN>*I/S AS WELL >E NOT EQUAL TO !IR IDEAS & ?AT 9 ! PRACTICE ( ORGANIZATION1 POLEMIC1 FRAT]NITY1 & REVOLUTION>Y TOL]ANCE !Y >E 9 NO WAY 9NOVATORS4 

,! BE/ >TICLES ( ! ,! ,UNIV]SAL >E SIGN$ BY ,COMRADE ,ASK>OV4.<#f#c.> ,9 ISSUES #a-#c ?IS COMRADE PASSES A SEV]E & WELL-REASON$ JUDGM5T ON ! REC5T PA/ ( ,RUSSIAN AN>*ISM3 0,IT'S A MY/]Y TO NO ONE10 HE SAYS1 0?AT S9CE ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION1 = ?REE YE>S1 ! AN>*I/S HAVE MANIFE/$ ! MO/ COMPLETE CONFUSION 9 ! WORK ( SOCIAL CON/RUCTION4444 ,!Y HAVE BE5 9]T40 ,& 0:5 ! NEW /ATE WAS =M$ !Y F\ND !MSELVES CA/ \T ( LIFE40 

,ASK>OV CONSID]S ! SOCIALI/ /ATE A FACT4 ,BUT 9 ! FACE ( ?IS FACT HE /RESSES ! RESOLUTION ( ! ,UNIV]SALI/S TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! LABOR ( CON/RUCT+ ! NEW SOCIETY 0:I* OP5S POSSIBILITIES TO US ?AT WE NEV] HAD UND] ! CAPITALI/ REGIME40 

,ON ! QUE/ION ( ORGANIZATION ! ,UNIV]SALI/S >E V]Y CLE>3 !Y 0REJECT ! OLD PR9CIPLES ( AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION10 & ?IS IS =TUNATE6 0,AN>*I/-,UNIV]SALI/S1 WE CONSID] NECESS>Y ! CREATION ( A S+LE1 COH]5T ORGANIZATION1 B\ND BY FIRM SELF-DISCIPL9E & :I* PLACES ITSELF ON A DEF9$ REVOLUTION>Y PLAT=M0 7NO4 #a1 .<P4 #a.>74 

,ONE W\LD ?9K ONE WAS LI/5+ TO A COMMUNI/ DEVELOP ! IDEAS SO (T5 DEF5D$ BY ,Z9OVIEV ON 9T]NATIONAL ORGANIZATION3 0,AN ORGANIZATION ( ONE SOLE BLOC ) IRON DISCIPL9E 4440 ,H]E ! EXPRESSION IS ACC5TUAT$1 CATEGORICAL2 !RE IT IS A BIT AMBIGU\S4 ,! MEAN+ IS ! SAME4 ,?US1 9 ! MATT] ( ORGANIZATION ! REVOLUTION LEADS COMMUNI/S & AN>*I/S TO SIMIL> CONCLUSIONS4 ,9 ! SAME ISSUE ( 0,! ,UNIV]SAL0 ANO!R COMRADE OPPOSES 0! ORGANIZ$ ACTION ( ! MASSES TO ! TRADITIONAL 9DIVIDUALISM ( SMALL GR\PS40 ,& ?IS1 TOO1 IS SPEAK+ LIKE A COMMUNI/4 

,! FIR/ ,AN>*I/-,UNIV]SALI/ ,CONF]5CE1 ACCORD+ TO ! SUMM>Y ACC\NT 9 ISSUES #b-#c ( ,! ,UNIV]SAL1 SIGNIFIES ! 0PASS+ FROM AN>*I/ ,BLANQUISM TO ! CLASS /RUGGLE40 ,IT AFFIRMS ?AT ! ,UNIV]SALI/S NE$ TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! ,SOVIETS1 :]E !Y1 9CID5TALLY1 HAVE SEV]AL DEPUTIES 7,ASK>OV1 ,B>MA*1.<#f#d.> ,UROVSKY7 & ACCEPTS ! DEF5SE ( ! REVOLUTION BY =CE ( >MS4 ,ON ?IS SUBJECT ,I W\LD LIKE TO RECALL ?AT FROM !IR FIR/ /EPS ! ,AN>*I/-,UNIV]SALI/S HAD GREET$ ! FIR/ VICTORIES ( ! ,R$ ,>MY ) JOY 444 

0,TAK+ 9TO ACC\NT ! REVOLUTION>Y IMPORTANCE ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL 9 RELATION TO ! DIFF]5T C\NTRIES1 ! ,AN>*I/-,UNIV]SALI/S DECL>E ?AT !Y HAVE NO DESIRE TO MANIFE/ ANY HO/ILITY T[>D IT40 ,= ! DEF5SE ( ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION !Y PROCLAIM !MSELVES DISPOS$ TO =M A BLOC ) ! P>TIES ?AT CONT9UE IT4 

,9 ! PRES5T SITUATION1 9 REG>D TO ! ,NEW ,ECONOMIC ,POLICY 7FRE$OM ( SMALL-SCALE COMM]CE & MIDDLE 9DU/RY7 ! ,AN>*I/-,UNIV]SALI/S 7,ASK>OV1 ,UNIV]SAL1 ISSUES #c-#d7 CALLS = ! 0PREP>ATION ( ! UNIONS = ! TAK+ OV] ( 9DU/RY1 ! UNIONIZ+ ( ! WORK]S ( ! L&1 & ECONOMIC REORGANIZATION ?R\< ! FREE COOP]ATION ( WORK]S & PEASANTS10 ALL ( !SE EXCELL5T ?+S ?AT >E 9 NO WAY 9 DISAGREEM5T ) ! COMMUNI/ PROGRAM OR ITS PRACTICE4 

,9 SUMM>Y1 ! ,AN>*I/-,UNIV]SALI/S DEF5D ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION1 CONDEMN ! PA/ ]RORS ( ! ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 ADVOCATE P>TICIPATION 9 ! ,SOVIETS1 RECOGNIZE :AT ! REVOLUTION [ES ! ,R$ ,>MY1 DON'T WANT TO DEMON/RATE ANY HO/ILITY T[>D ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL1 & SEEK PRACTICAL1 IMM$IATE1 & PEACEFUL ME?ODS ( WORK )9 ! SOCIALI/ /ATE4 

,!SE >E UND5IABLY 9DICATIONS ( A T5D5CY T[>D ! REVISION ( CONSECRAT$ AN>*I/ VALUES4 ,AS = ! PRES5T1 ! ,UNIV]SALI/S >E P>TICUL>LY 9T]E/$ 9 ! PRACTICAL1 BUT ! CONSEQU5CES ( !IR 9ITIATIVES1 IF !Y W]E TO DEVELOP1 W\LD BE ( A S+UL> IMPORT 9 ! REALM ( !ORY4 

,! TIMEL9ESS ( !IR 9ITIATIVE SEEMS TO BE CONFIRM$ BY !IR RELATIVE SUCCESS4 ,DESPITE EXTREMELY DIFFICULT CONDITIONS = EXI/5CE1 !Y HAVE GR\PS 9 ,BRIANSK1 9 ! ,URALS1 9 ,RIAZAN1 ,M9SK1 & ,SAM>A4 ,9 ,MOSC[ !Y HAVE A CONF]5CE ROOM1 A BOOK/ORE1 A CLUB & A RE/AURANT 9 ! C5T] ( ! CITY1 & TWO CLUBS 9 ! SUBURBS 79 ,KRASNAYA-,PR5NIA & 9 ,SOKOLNIKI74 

0,TO AN>*ISM ?R\< SOCIALISM0 

,EV]Y?+ ?AT IS ONLY 9 SKET*$ BY ! 0MAJORIT>IAN0 AN>*I/-UNIV]SALI/S--TO USE A H&Y EXPRESSION--EV]Y?+ AMONG !M ?AT IS CONFUS$1 AMBIGU\S1 & 9DECISIVE CAN BE F\ND1 ?\< FULLY REALIZ$1 9 ! =M ( A WELL-DEF9$1 ORIG9AL1 & CLE> IDEOLOGY AMONG !IR 0DISSID5T0 BRO!RS1 ,GORD9 & HIS FRI5DS4 ,= ?IS REASON ! FEW ISSUES ?AT HAVE APPE>$ ( !IR COMPACT LITTLE REVIEW1 $IT$ BY ! LATT]1 0,?R\< ,SOCIALISM TO ,AN>*I/-,UNIV]SALISM10 >E TRULY 9T]E/+4 ,9 ORD] TO DI/+UI% !MSELVES FROM O!R ,UNIV]SALI/S ,GORD9'S FRI5DS1 :OSE LANGUAGE IS ONLY TOO F]TILE 9 NEOLOGISMS1 HAVE IMAG9$ A NEW T]M & CALL !MSELVES 09T]-9DIVIDUALI/S40 ,:I* DOES NO H>M4 

,! TWO ,GORD9 BRO!RS HAVE PLAY$ A KEY ROLE 9 ! ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/ MOVEM5T ( !SE PA/ FEW YE>S4 ,TIRELESS ORATORS & PROPAG&I/S1 PROLIFIC WRIT]S1 J\RNALI/S1 PAMPHLETE]S1 & 9ITIATORS ( MULTIPLE 5T]PRISES1 COMBATANTS AT ! B>RICADES ( ,JULY & ,OCTOB] #a#i#a#g1 ?ANKS TO !IR EV]-WORK+ IMAG9ATIONS !Y HAVE GREATLY CONTRIBUT$ TO CREAT+ & SU/A9+ BO? ! LIFE & ! WA/E ( ?IS MOVEM5T4 ,9 #aiag !Y F\ND$ ! ,ASSOCIATION ( ! ,FIVE ,OPPRESS$ 70! ,PROLET>IAT1 ! ,NATIONALITY1 ,FEM99ITY1 ,9DIVIDUALITY1 & .<,Y\?.>7 & $IT$ ! AN>*I/ DAILY ( ,PETROGRAD1 ! ,B\REV]TNIK1 :I* !Y HAD VIOL5TLY WRE/$ FROM ANO!R T5D5CY2 !Y ALSO DREAM$ UP ,PAN-,AN>*ISM1 :I* WAS TO MULTIPLY ! 0SOCIO-TE*NUMS0 OR C5T]S ( /UDY & 9DU/RIAL PRACTICE4 ,A DELIRI\S FANTASY1 A P]PETUAL DREAM RIS+ TO ! HEI<TS ( LYRICISM1 ( HEAL?Y PRACTICAL IDEAS1 MU* 5]GY1 VIOL5CE1 & VEHEM5CE1 ALL ( IT EXPRESS$ 9 A LANGUAGE SPR9KL$ ) SCI5TIFIC-SEEM+ B>B>IC NEOLOGISMS4 ,?IS IS :AT IS F\ND 9 ! LIT]ATURE ( YE/]YE> ( !SE ,GORD9 BRO!RS :O1 9 #aiag & #a#i#a#h1 CEASELESSLY CA/ ANA!MA ON ,L594 ,S9CE !N ONE ( !M1 POSSESS$ BY ! IDEE FIXE ( A UNIV]SAL LANGUAGE ( :I* HE IS ! 9V5TOR & :I* IS WRITT5 9 NUMB]S1 ! LANGUAGE ,A,O1 HAS BECOME--AS HE HIMSELF PROCLAIMS 9 ,MOSC[ ?R\< SIGNS PO/$ 9 HIS W9D[ ON ! ,TV]SKAYA--! 0,BEOBI ,MAN0 & ADDRESSES LYRICAL MESSAGES TO ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL 9 CIPH]4 ,! O!R1 DOM9AT+ HIS IMAG9ATION1 NOT ALL[+ HIMSELF TO BECOME EMBITT]$ BY ! AVAT>S ( HIS P]SONAL LIFE1 HAS PROGRESSIVELY >RIV$ AT =G+ = HIMSELF AN ORIG9AL DOCTR9E1 ONE UND5IABLY VIABLE & SANE & :I* ,I WILL BRIEFLY EXAM9E4 

0,IT IS NECESS>Y ?AT A NEW1 HEAL?Y1 & REAL AN>*ISM SUCCE$ ! DE/RUCTIVE AN>*ISM ( ,BAKUN9 & MUTUALI/ AN>*ISM ( ,KROPOTK90 7,?R\< ,SOCIALISM #b1 ,MAY #a#i#b#a1 #d#a-#d#b74 ,?IS WAS ,GORD9'S CONCLUSION3 0,:5 ! ILLUSIONS ( A VA/ AN>*I/ MOVEM5T LO/ ITS WAY AMID DISORGANIZATION & *AOS02 :5 !Y UND]/OOD ?AT DE/ROY+ IS NOT CREAT+1 REMEMB]+ ?AT AT ! MO/ SOMB] H\RS ( ! ,OCTOB] ,REVOLUTION ! AN>*I/ MILITANTS 0W]E ONLY ABLE TO =ESEE PILLAG+ & %>+ ( ! EXI/+ /OCK0 !Y ]ECT$ 9TO A PR9CIPLE ?AT 0WE MU/ H5CE=? CREATE & NOT DE/ROY40 0,IT IS ! CREATIVE SPIRIT ?AT IS ALSO A DE/RUCTIVE SPIRIT10 BUT ! OPPOSITE1 ,BAKUN9'S OLD =MULA1 IS FALSE4 ,& ,GORD9 ASKS 7,?R\< ,SOCIALISM #b7 IF ! NECESS>Y PRECONDITIONS ALL[+ = ! =MATION ( A LIB]T>IAN SOCIETY 9 ,RUSSIA HAVE CURR5TLY BE5 REALIZ$4 ,NO4 ,AT ! HEI<T ( ! MOVEM5T1 0AT A TIME :5 9 C]TA9 MILIEUX NO ONE ?\<T ( REPRESS+ US1 :5 !Y RA!R FE>$ \R REPRESSIONS1 WE DID NOT HAVE A TRUE MOVEM5T BECAUSE WE LACK$ SUFFICI5T CONSCI\SNESS40 ,9 !IR CRITIQUE ( SOCIALISM ! AN>*I/S HAD TO 0EI!R SURR5D] !MSELVES TO A %AMELESS DEMAGOGY OR LIMIT !MSELVES TO AN AB/RACT CRITIQUE UN9TELLIGIBLE TO ! MASSES40 ,! FACT IS ?AT 9 ! CURR5T PHASE ! REVOLUTION>Y TRANS=MATION ( SOCIETIES IMPOSES A TRANSITION ?R\< SOCIALISM4 ,F$]ALISM1 ?AT IS ! DIVISION ( P[]1 ! RETURN TO ! LOCALISM ( ! ,COMMUNES ( ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES IDEALIZ$ BY ,KROPOTK91 A DOGMA ( DEC5TRALIZATION 9COMPATIBLE ) ! TE*NICAL NECESSITIES ( MOD]N 9DU/RY1 AN APOLITICAL DOGMA3 ,GORD9 & HIS FRI5DS AB&ON ALL ?IS BAGGAGE ( OLD IDEAS1 :I* 9 !IR EYES IS \TDAT$4 ,!Y CLE>LY SAY ?AT !Y ACCEPT ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! OPPRESS$ ( YE/]DAY OV] ! OPPRESSORS ( YE/]DAY1 ! 9DISP5SABLE C5TRALIZATION ( 9DU/RY & REVOLUTION>Y DEF5SE1 & ! ORGANIZATION CORRESPOND+ TO !SE NEW 5DS4 ,!Y DON'T FE> ! NASC5T MI<T ( ! SOCIALI/ /ATE1 :OSE HI/ORICALLY 9ELUCTABLE MISSION MO/ AN>*I/S REFUSE TO UND]/&4 ,JUDG+ IT ) MORE LUCIDITY ?AN EV5 C]TA9 ( ITS F\ND]S1 !Y HOPE = ! /ATE TO REA* ITS APOGEE4 ,?IS MU/ BE ! NEXT /AGE ( ! REVOLUTION 7OR ( EVOLUTION74 ,! /ATE ?AT WILL COME \T ( ! CLASS W> & DICTATOR%IP WILL CONC5TRATE )9 IT ALL ! =CES ( SOCIAL OPPRESSION AGA9/ ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,IT WILL TRULY 9C>NATE SOCIETY1 9 ?IS WAY ASSUM+ BE=E ! 9DIVIDUAL ! RESPONSIBILITY = ALL ! EVIL ! COLLECTIVE CAN DO4 ,9 ?IS WAY1 9 ! DIALECTIC ( HI/ORY1 0! /ATE WILL DIG ITS [N GRAVE1 & ALL WE HAVE TO DO IS HOPE = ITS VICTORY0 7,GORD91 ,JUNE #a#i#b#a74 ,& IT'S ! 9DIVIDUALITY ( ! FREE MAN ?AT WILL ASSUME ! SUCCESSION ( ! /ATE ?AT DI$ A MASCUL9E & NORMAL DEA?4 

,GORD9 =ESEES & HOPES = ! VICTORY ( ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 :OSE GOAL IS TO CREATE A F$]ATION ( SOVIET REPUBLICS4 ,?IS /AGE1 TOO1 IS NECESS>Y4 

,9 TRU?1 ,I SEE NO CONTRADICTION BETWE5 !SE IDEAS & ?OSE ( COMMUNISM4 ,!SE AN>*I/S HAVE 5D$ UP AS COMMUNI/S4 ,& IT IS PRECISELY ?IS ?AT SOME REPROA* !M BITT]LY =4 ,BUT :AT1 IT MI<T BE ASK$1 DI/+UI%ES !M AS AN>*I/S8 ,BY !IR PHILOSOPHY ( ! P]SONALITY4 ,:AT IS TOO (T5 LACK+ 9 COMMUNI/ IDEOLOGY IS A PHILOSOPHY ( ! 9DIVIDUAL = ! 9DIVIDUAL'S SAKE4 

,9 ISSUE NUMB] #c ( HIS REVIEW1 ,GORD9 LAYS \T H[ & :Y HE APPROVES ! ,NEW ,ECONOMIC ,POLICY ( ! ,SOVIET GOV]NM5T4 ,REVOLUTION>Y IDEALISM1 AT FIR/ ABSOLUTE1 BELIEVES ITSELF ALL-P[]FUL4 ,IT D>ES4 ,IT WANTS TO D>E4 ,IT BELIEVES IT HAS VICTORY 9 ITS GRASP4 ,BUT ! BATTLE =CES IT TO BECOME REALI/IC BY CREAT+ >MIES4 ,! ECONOMIC BATTLE1 DIFFICULT 9 ANO!R WAY1 WRE/S FROM IT O!R CONCESSIONS4 0,DO PEOPLE IMAG9E ?AT SOCIALISM C\LD EM]GE VICTORI\S ) ONE BL[80 

,MO/ (T5 :AT ,GORD9 WRITES--:5 IT'S NOT 9 V]SE--IS WELL ?\<T ?R\< & WELL EXPRESS$4 ,I BRIEFLY & A BIT BROADLY SUMM>IZ$ HIS IDEAS4 ,GORD9 IS ! CREATOR ( A LIB]T>IAN IDEOLOGY CONTR>Y ON MANY PO9TS TO ! TRADITIONS ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,IT IS ODD TO NOTE ?AT IT IS 9 P]FECT AGREEM5T ) COMMUNISM1 EV5 ?\< IT IS ! WORK ( AN ADV]S>Y ( COMMUNISM :O BITT]LY F\<T IT FROM ! FIR/ H\R4 

0,WE %\LDN'T BE AFRAID TO SEIZE P[]0 

,AT ! 5D ( #aib ! GOV]NM5T ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES DECID$ TO EXPEL & DEPORT 5 MASSE ?OSE REVOLUTION>Y ,RUSSIAN WORK]S :OSE PRO-,SOVIET 5?USIASM HAD BECOME TOO TURBUL5T4 ,9 ONE NI<T !IR MO/ MILITANT ORGANIZATION WAS DECIMAT$ BY ! POLICE4 ,F\R TO FIVE ?\S& >RE/S C>RI$ \T SIMULTANE\SLY BROKE ! ,UNION ( ,RUSSIAN ,WORK]S ( ,AM]ICA1 A F$]ATION ( AN>*I/-LEAN+ ORGANIZATIONS ?AT C\NT$ SOME:]E BETWE5 SEV5 & T5 ?\S& MEMB]S4 ,AFT] HAV+ IMPRISON$ A C]TA9 NUMB]1 & AFT] KILL+ SOME AS A RESULT ( BRUTALITY1 MORE ?AN TWO HUNDR$ MILITANTS CONSID]$ ! LEAD]S ( =EIGN ,BOL%EVISM 9 ,AM]ICA W]E PUT ON %IPS = ,RUSSIA4 ,& YET MO/ W]E AN>*I/S4 ,NOTABLY1 AMONG !M W]E F\ND ! MEMB]S ( ! ,COMMITTEE ( ,RUSSIAN ,WORK]S ( ,AM]ICA1 :OSE =M] SECRET>Y N[ BELONGS TO ! ,RUSSIAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,UPON CONTACT ) ! H>% REALITIES ( ! REVOLUTION MANY ( !SE COMRADES F\ND !MSELVES COMPLETELY DISORI5T$4 ,SOME ( !M1 AFT] NUM]\S 9TELLECTUAL EXP]I5CES1 NEV]!LESS MANAG$ TO CONCLUDE4 ,ALONG ) ,COMRADE ,P]KUS1 A Y\NG !ORETICIAN & 9ITIATOR 9 ,AM]ICA ( ! MOVEM5T ( ,SOVIET EMIGRANTS1 !Y F\ND$ ! ,UNION ( ,RUSSIAN ,AN>*I/ ,WORK]S ,REPATRIAT$ FROM ,AM]ICA1 :OSE PLAT=M HAS ALREADY BE5 PUBLI%$ OV]SEAS4 

,)\T RETIC5CE !Y ACCEPT ! PR9CIPLE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y DICTATOR%IP4 ,! EV5 ?9K ?AT ! AN>*I/S MU/1 IF NE$ BE1 EX]CISE IT4 ,9 FACT1 WE READ 9 !IR PLAT=M3 

,CONC]N+ ! ATTITUDE ( ! AN>*I/S ( ,EUROPE & ,AM]ICA BE=E ! REVOLUTION & :5 ! LATT] OCCURS1 WE ?9K ?AT !Y MU/ NOT FE> SEIZ+ P[] OR DICTATOR%IP OR ! USE1 DUR+ ! P]IOD ( REVOLUTION>Y TRANSITION FROM SLAV]Y TO FRE$OM1 ( BO? CON/RA9T & P]SUASION1 IF !Y DON'T WANT TO REMA9 \TSIDE ( & DRAGG+ BEH9D ! MOVEM5T1 & IF1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 !Y WANT TO LEAD IT4 

,! L9ES ?AT FOLL[ ?IS /ATE ?AT ! =MS ( REVOLUTION>Y DICTATOR%IP WILL OBVI\SLY V>Y ) ! DEGREE ( 9TELLECTUAL & ECONOMIC EVOLUTION ( ! DIFF]5T C\NTRIES1 ! QUANTITATIVE1 & ESPECIALLY QUALITATIVE VALUE ( ! ORGANIZ$ MASSES4 

,IF ! AN>*I/S1 NOT UND]/&+ ?IS1 FAIL 9 !IR TASK1 0IT WILL BE NECESS>Y = O!R GR\PS1 P]HAPS TRANSLAT+ TO A LESS] DEGREE ! ASPIRATIONS ( ! MASSES1 TO ACCOMPLI% ?IS TASK1 AS HAPP5$ 9 ,RUSSIA40 

,! PR9CIPLE ( DICTATOR%IP MU/ BE ACCEPT$ BECAUSE 0ORGANIZ$ VIOL5CE IS MU* MORE RATIONAL ?AT *AOTIC & >BITR>Y VIOL5CE02 BECAUSE 9 SOCIAL REVOLUTIONS1 :I* >E ABOVE ALL ! WORK ( 0UNIT$1 CONV9C$1 CONSCI\S1 5]GETIC1 & ADVANC$ REVOLUTION>Y M9ORITIES0 !RE IS NO O!R F9AL REC\RSE ?AN VIOL5CE4 0,PRECURSORS ( A SUP]IOR SOCIETY1 ! AN>*I/S1 9 ! P]IOD ( HUMANITY'S GREAT REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLES1 MU/ ADOPT A REALI/IC & POSITIVE ATTITUDE40 

,! REALIZATION ( ! AN>*I/ IDEAL BE+ CONDITION$ BY TWO FACTORS1 ! 9TELLECTUAL & MORAL DEVELOPM5T ( ! MASSES & ! TE*NICAL DEVELOPM5T ( 9DU/RY1 0IT IS ESS5TIAL TO SUB/ITUTE = SMALL-SCALE PRIVATE 9DU/RY A VA/ ECONOMY BAS$ ON COLLECTIVE LABOR & TO RE$UCATE ! WORK]40 

,9 O!R WORDS1 AN>*Y1 !SE AN>*I/S SAY1 WILL NOT BE ! FRUIT ( *AOTIC VIOL5CE4 ,AFT] ! REVOLUTION--VICTORI\S ?R\< ORGANIZ$ VIOL5CE--IT WILL BE BAS$ ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T & 9TELLECTUAL & MORAL CULTURE4 

0,9 ?IS CRITICAL MOM5T ( HI/ORY WE MU/ NOT HAVE A HO/ILE1 BUT ONLY A CRITICAL1 ATTITUDE T[>D ! EXTREME >TISANS ( COLLECTIVISM1 ! ,COMMUNI/-,BOL%EVIKS40 

,= MY P>T1 ,I DO NOT ADMIT1 DESPITE A FEW DEPLORABLE EXAGG]ATIONS1 ?AT COMMUNISM DESIRES ! ABSORPTION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL BY ! COLLECTIVE BE+4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ,I AM ONLY A COMMUNI/--( LIB]T>IAN PHILOSOPHY & E?ICS--BECAUSE ,I SEE NO POSSIBILITY = ! FUTURE LIB]ATION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL \TSIDE ( A COMMUNISM CALL$ ON TO EVOLVE A GREAT DEAL 7ONCE IT HAS EM]G$ VICTORI\S74 ,TO CLAIM ?AT COMMUNI/ IDEOLOGY LEAVES NO ROOM = ! 9DIVIDUAL ?US SEEMS TO ME TO BE 9EXACT1 ?\< !RE >E UNQUE/IONABLY COMMUNI/S :O UND]/& IT 9 ?IS WAY4 

,9 FACT1 ! ,RUSSIAN ,AN>*I/ ,WORK]S ,REPATRIAT$ FROM ,AM]ICA FEEL !MSELVES TO BE SO CLOSE TO ! ,COMMUNI/S ?AT !Y FEEL ! NE$ TO EXPLA91 AT ! 5D ( !IR MANIFE/O1 :Y !Y DON'T JO9 ! P>TY4 

,IT IS 09 ORD] NOT TO LOSE \R P]SONALITY1 & BECAUSE ,M>XISM ONLY ADMITS MAT]IAL ECONOMIC =CES1 :ILE \R ?\<T IS ALSO F\ND$ ON ! AW>5ESS ( ! P]SONALITY1 ON 9DIVIDUALISM40 

,I UND]/& ?AT UND] ! CURR5T =CEFUL ORGANIZATION ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY1 A P>TY 9 P[]1 A P>TY ( ! MOBILIZ$ ?AT WE CAN FAIRLY COMP>E TO A VA/ >MY ( VOLUNTE]S 9 S]VICE TO ! REVOLUTION & L$ BY 9TRANSIG5T ,M>XI/S1 !SE COMRADES FE> !Y CAN'T ASS]T !MSELVES AS MU* AS !Y'D LIKE4 ,I WILL ONLY REM>K H]E ?AT ! QUE/ION %\LD RA!R BE POS$ 9 ?IS WAY3 ,IS IT PREF]ABLE1 = ! SALVATION ( ! REVOLUTION1 ?AT ! P]SONALITIES ( ! MILITANTS BE AFFIRM$ TO ! DETRIM5T ( COHESION1 ( ! :OLE1 ( ! UNITY 9 ACTION ( ! MOVEM5T1 OR ?AT A SACRIFICE BE SWEEP+LY MADE ( !M TO ! ORGANIZATION8 ,HI/ORY HAS ANSW]$ ?IS QUE/ION 7CONTR>Y TO \R PA/ HOPES7 BY NECESSITAT+ ! =MATION ( A P[]FUL P>TY ORGANIZATION4 ,:AT IS MORE1 ! ,AM]ICAN COMRADES PRES5T US ) A N>R[ ,M>XISM4 ,G4 ,SOREL1 ,B4 ,CROCE1 ,K4 ,LIEBKNE*T1 :O ,I ?9K DELV$ F> DEEP] 9TO ,M>XISM1 UND]/& IT COMPLETELY DIFF]5TLY4 ,I C\LD ALSO QUOTE A SPEE* ( ,TROTSKY'S1 GIV5 AT ! ,?IRD ,CONGRESS ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,9T]NATIONAL1 :]E HE SPOKE ( ! VALUE ( P]SONALITIES & ! IMPORTANCE ( ! WILL TO W94 ,P]HAPS !RE >E 9DE$ ,M>XI/S :OSE 9TELLIG5T DOCTR9E IS ! ONE REVEAL$ TO US BY ! ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S ( ,AM]ICA4 ,BUT ?ANK ,GOD1 IT IS NOT ?OSE ,M>XI/S :O >E MAK+ & WILL MAKE COMMUNISM4 

,BECOME COMMUNI/S DE FACTO1 ! AN>*I/S W\LD SURELY F9D IT EASI] TO PRES]VE !IR AUTONOMY BY REMA9+ \TSIDE ! P>TY4 ,I AM NOT >GU+ ?IS4 ,I M]ELY /ATE ! WEAKNESS ( ! REPROA*ES !Y ADDRESS$ TO !IR ,M>XI/ BRE?R54 

,! PLAT=M ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,AN>*I/S ,REPATRIAT$ FROM ,AM]ICA IS SIGN$ BY SEV5 MILITANTS3 ,P]KUS1 ,ORADOVSKY1.<#f#e.> ,D]KAT*1 ,LESSIGA1.<#f#f.> ,FE9L&1 ,BUKHANOV1 & ,RY\KOV4 

,CONCLUSION 

,& SO1 ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S1 AFT] F\R YE>S ( REVOLUTION>Y EXP]I5CES1 SAY3 

0,NO DICTATOR%IP1 BUT ALL P[]60 

0,WE WANT A /RONG ORGANIZATION60 

0,! ROAD TO AN>*Y PASSES ?R\< SOCIALISM40 

0,WE %\LDN'T BE AFRAID TO SEIZE P[]40 

,& ! MO/ REM>KABLE ?+ IS ?AT ! M5 :O EXPRESS !MSELVES 9 ?IS WAY >E M5 BELONG+ TO DIFF]5T GR\PS1 DIVID$ AMONG !MSELVES BY QUE/IONS ( PR9CIPLE1 & :O >E (T5 5EMIES4 ,CO9CID5CE8 ,9 SOCIOLOGY !RE >E NEI!R CO9CID5CES NOR *ANCE4 ,! LIFE ( IDEAS HAS ITS [N LOGIC4 ,LE ,LIB]TAIRE ( ,P>IS & ! ,REVEIL CAN /ICK TO !IR OLD =MULAS4 ,! ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S ALL MORE OR LESS CLE>LY FEEL ?AT !Y MU/ F9D SOME?+ ELSE4 ,?R\< ! QUOTATIONS BR\<T TOGE!R 9 !SE >TICLES WE HAVE SE5 ?AT !IR CURR5T ?\<T1 :5 IT WILL BE BETT] KN[N OV]SEAS1 WILL GREATLY SURPRISE ?OSE :O ?9K !Y %>E !IR IDEAS4 

,! T5D5CIES ,I HAVE /UDI$1 H[EV] DIFF]5T !Y MI<T BE1 HAVE V>I\S COMMON *>ACT]I/ICS3 

,!Y AGREE 9 NOT+ ! ORGANIZATIONAL & CREATIVE 9CAPACITY ( ! ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S1 ( !IR PRACTICAL 9SUFFICI5CIES 9 #a#i#a#g-#a#h1 I4E41 AT A DECISIVE HI/ORICAL MOM5T2 

,!Y >E DELIB]ATELY UND]TAK+ A V]ITABLE REVISION ( AN>*ISM4 ,9 ORD] TO APPRECIATE ! IMPORTANCE ( ?IS WE %\LD REF] TO ! DISCUSSIONS ON ORGANIZATION & SYNDICALISM AT ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,AN>*I/ ,CONF]5CE ( ,AM/]DAM4 ,AMONG ! ,RUSSIANS ,I QUOT$1 ALMO/ NO?+ REMA9S ( ! DOGMAS ( ! TIME2 

,!Y RECOGNIZE ! NE$ = A S]I\S ORGANIZATION2 

,9 PR9CIPLE1 !Y ADMIT ! PR9CIPLE ( REVOLUTION>Y DICTATOR%IP4 

,!SE >E ! />T+ PO9TS ( AN EVOLUTION4 

,BUT ?IS IS PROV+ ITSELF TO BE DIFFICULT4 ,TOO MANY OLD ?+S1 ,I MEAN ?+S ( ! OLD WORLD1 H9D] ?OSE ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S :O WANT TO ADVANCE AT ! SAME PACE AS LIFE4 ,9 ! PUBLICATIONS ,I QUOT$ 5TIRE COLUMNS >E1 ALAS1 GIV5 OV] TO SOMETIMES LYRICAL1 SOMETIMES METAPHYSICAL EXTRAVAGANCES 9 BO? PROSE & 9 POETRY4 ,UNIV]SALISM1 9T]9DVIDUALISM1 BIOXIMISM 7!RE IS ACTUALLY A BIOXIMISM67--H[ MANY SUP]FLU\S 0-ISMS40 ,O!R COLUMNS >E D$ICAT$ TO ! MUTUAL PRAISE ( MEMB]S ( ! SAME *APEL1 & A ?IRD TO ! M]CILESS D5IGRATION ( ! EXCOMMUNICAT$ BELONG+ TO ! *APEL NEXT DOOR4 ,OLD1 OLD CU/OMS ?AT >E AS LITTLE AN>*I/ AS POSSIBLE4 ,WE W\LD LIKE TO SEE ! AN>*I/S1 ! FREE-?9K]S P> EXCELL5CE1 PRACTICE A LITTLE TOL]ANCE 9 !IR LITTLE GR\PS1 ADMIT !IR OPPON5T'S GOOD FAI?1 & NOT SUPPLEM5T >GUM5TS ) MAJOR EXCOMMUNICATIONS4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT ?IS MA9LY CONC]NS ! PRESS ( ! TWO ,UNIV]SALI/ GR\PS1 BO? BUSY RA9+ D[N 9VECTIVE ON EA* O!R4 

,! SECT>IAN SPIRIT ?AT BETRAYS ITSELF AMONG ! MO/ 0ADVANC$0--IF ,I CAN USE ! T]M--,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S CAN ONLY HID] ! EVOLUTION ( NUCLEI ALREADY WEAK & ISOLAT$4 

,WILL !Y SUCCE$ 9 CREAT+ MOVEM5T ( SOME IMPORTANCE 9 ! NE> FUTURE8 ,I DON'T ?9K SO4 ,IT IS TOO LATE4 ,EV5TS >E UNFURL+ 9 ,RUSSIA )\T ! AN>*I/S1 TOTALLY \TSIDE AN 9FLU5CE !Y W]E ABLE TO EI!R EX]CISE OR SU/A94 ,!Y WILL ONLY BE ABLE TO ?9K ( RECONQU]+ IT :5 !Y WILL HAVE COMPET$ !IR 9T]NAL TRANS=MATION4 

,BUT ! IMPULSIVE1 ! EMBITT]$1 ! UNPOLI%$ REBELS :O WANT AN>*Y IMM$IATELY1 & :O >E AS READY TO SUFF] M>TYRDOM = ?AT CAUSE AS TO EX*ANGE BL[S OR %OTS1 =M AN 9COH]5T1 SCATT]$ AN>*I/ MAJORITY ?AT IT IS DIFFICULT TO /& UP TO1 GIV5 ?AT1 AS IT IS DOM9AT$ BY FEEL+S & 9/9CTS1 IT IS PRETTY MU* UNAM5ABLE TO $UCATION4 ,I DON'T ?9K ?AT ! BE/ ELEM5TS ( ! MOVEM5T WILL SOON SUCCE$ 9 SWIMM+ AGA9/ ?IS CURR5T4 

,:5 WE SEE ! DISA/] ( ,RUSSIAN AN>*ISM DUR+ ! REVOLUTION1 ! BIR? ( !SE T5D5CIES NEV]!LESS APPE>S TO BE SOME?+ ?AT IS CAUSE = JOY4 ,SOON] OR LAT] !RE WILL BE--OR AT LEA/ ,I HOPE !RE WILL BE--A NEW AN>*ISM1 ONE R5EW$ & FRE$1 ?ANKS TO ITS CONTACT ) ! EXP]I5CE ( ! REVOLUTION1 FROM ITS ELEM5T>Y UTOPIANISM & EQUIPP$ ) A PRACTICAL & CONCRETE PROGRAM ?AT WILL =M ORGANIZATIONS CAPABLE ( ASSUM+ RESPONSIBILITIES & PURSU+ WELL-?\<T-\T ACTIONS4 ,?IS AN>*ISM WILL D\BTLESS BE V]Y CLOSE TO ,M>XI/ COMMUNISM4 ,9 ANY CASE IT IS ITS ALLY BE=E & DUR+ ! REVOLUTION1 & AT O!R MOM5TS ITS FRAT]NAL ADV]S>Y4 ,KN[+ ?AT 9 ! AFT]MA? ( ! REVOLUTION ! LIB]T>IAN SPIRIT MU/ BE A GR&1 B5EFIC5T SOCIAL =CE1 IT WILL UND]/& ?AT DUR+ ! ,CIVIL ,W> ! AN>*I/S MU/ NOT BE /RICTLY A DISORGANIZ+ ELEM5T1 /RICTLY REBELLI\S1 DEM&+ ! ABSOLUTE1 BUT ON ! CONTR>Y MU/ ASSUME1 EV5 AT ! PRICE ( A FEW CONCESSIONS TO REALITY1 ! TASK ( $UCAT+ & ORGANIZ+ ! MASSES ?AT FALLS TO !M 9 ! VA/ COMMUNI/ MOVEM5T4 

,MOSC[1 ,SEPTEMB] #d1 #aiba 

7,BULLET9 ,COMMUNI/E #d#h-#d#i1 ,NOVEMB] #c1 #a#i#b#a7 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aig 3 ,*APT] #d -- ,PUBLICATION4 

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