,SECTION #b 

#ahihahih 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY MOLIMON/]#f#f#f1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE  

,SECTION ,I,I 

  
,AN>*I/ ,MORALITY 

    
BY ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,:5 \R ANCE/ORS WI%$ TO ACC\NT = :AT L$ M5 TO ACT 9 ONE WAY OR ANO!R1 !Y DID SO 9 A V]Y SIMPLE FA%ION4 ,D[N TO ! PRES5T DAY1 C]TA9 CA?OLIC IMAGES MAY BE SE5 ?AT REPRES5T ?IS EXPLANATION4 ,A MAN IS GO+ ON HIS WAY1 & )\T BE+ 9 ! LEA/ AW>E ( IT1 C>RIES A DEVIL ON HIS LEFT %\LD] & AN ANGEL ON HIS RI<T4 ,! DEVIL PROMPTS HIM TO DO EVIL1 ! ANGEL TRIES TO KEEP HIM BACK4 ,& IF ! ANGEL GETS ! BE/ ( IT & ! MAN REMA9S VIRTU\S1 ?REE O!R ANGELS CAT* HIM UP & C>RY HIM TO HEAV54 ,9 ?IS WAY EV]Y?+ IS EXPLA9$ WONDR\SLY WELL4 

,OLD ,RUSSIAN NURSES FULL ( SU* LORE WILL TELL Y\ NEV] TO PUT A *ILD TO B$ )\T UNBUTTON+ ! COLL> ( ITS %IRT4 ,A W>M SPOT AT ! BOTTOM ( ! NECK %\LD BE LEFT B>E1 :]E ! GU>DIAN ANGEL MAY NE/LE4 ,O!RWISE ! DEVIL WILL WORRY ! *ILD EV5 9 ITS SLEEP4 

,!SE >TLESS CONCEPTIONS >E PASS+ AWAY4 ,BUT ?\< ! OLD WORDS DISAPPE>1 ! ESS5TIAL IDEA REMA9S ! SAME4 

,WELL BR\<T UP FOLKS NO LONG] BELIEVE 9 ! DEVIL1 BUT AS !IR IDEAS >E NO MORE RATIONAL ?AN ?OSE ( \R NURSES1 !Y DO BUT DISGUISE DEVIL & ANGEL UND] A P$ANTIC WORD9ESS HONOR$ ) ! NAME ( PHILOSOPHY4 ,!Y DO NOT SAY 0DEVIL0 N[ADAYS1 BUT 0! FLE%10 OR 0! PASSIONS40 ,!0ANGEL0 IS REPLAC$ BY ! WORDS 0CONSCI5CE0 OR 0S\L10 BY 0REFLECTION ( ! ?\<T ( A DIV9E CREATOR0 OR 0! ,GREAT ,>*ITECT10 AS ! ,FREE- ,MASONS SAY4 ,BUT MAN'S ACTION IS /ILL REPRES5T$ AS ! RESULT ( A /RUGGLE BETWE5 TWO HO/ILE ELEM5TS4 ,& A MAN IS ALWAYS CONSID]$ VIRTU\S JU/ 9 ! DEGREE TO :I* ONE ( !SE TWO ELEM5TS --! S\L OR CONSCI5CE-- IS VICTORI\S OV] ! O!R --! FLE% OR PASSIONS4 

,IT IS EASY TO UND]/& ! A/ONI%M5T ( \R GREAT-GR&FA!RS :5 ! ,5GLI% PHILOSOPH]S1 & LAT] ! ,5CYCLOP$I/S1 BEGAN TO AFFIRM 9 OPPOSITION TO !SE PRIMITIVE IDEAS ?AT ! DEVIL & ! ANGEL HAD NO?+ TO DO ) HUMAN ACTION1 BUT ?AT ALL ACTS ( MAN1 GOOD OR BAD1 USEFUL OR BANEFUL1 >ISE FROM A S+LE MOTIVE3 ! LU/ = PLEASURE4 

,! :OLE RELIGI\S CONFRAT]NITY1 &1 ABOVE ALL1 ! NUM]\S SECTS ( ! PH>ISEES %\T$ 0IMMORALITY40 ,!Y COV]$ ! ?9K]S ) 9SULT1 !Y EXCOMMUNICAT$ !M4 ,& :5 LAT] ON 9 ! C\RSE ( ! C5TURY ! SAME IDEAS W]E AGA9 TAK5 UP BY ,B5?AM1 ,JOHN ,/U>T ,MILL1 ,T*]NIS*EVSKY1 & A HO/ ( O!RS1 & :5 !SE ?9K]S BEGAN TO AFFIRM & PROVE ?AT EGOISM1 OR ! LU/ = PLEASURE1 IS ! TRUE MOTIVE ( ALL \R ACTIONS1 ! MAL$ICTIONS R$\BL$4 ,! BOOKS W]E BANN$ BY A CONSPIRACY ( SIL5CE2 ! AU?ORS W]E TREAT$ AS DUNCES4 

,& YET :AT CAN BE MORE TRUE ?AN ! ASS]TION !Y MADE8 

,H]E IS A MAN :O SNAT*ES ITS LA/ M\?FUL ( BREAD FROM A *ILD4 ,EV]Y ONE AGREES 9 SAY+ ?AT HE IS A HORRIBLE EGOI/1 ?AT HE IS GUID$ SOLELY BY SELF-LOVE4 

,BUT N[ H]E IS ANO!R MAN1 :OM EV]Y ONE AGREES TO RECOGNIZE AS VIRTU\S4 ,HE %>ES HIS LA/ BIT ( BREAD ) ! HUNGRY1 & /RIPS (F HIS COAT TO CLO! ! NAK$4 ,& ! MORALI/S1 /ICK+ TO !IR RELIGI\S J>GON1 HA/5 TO SAY ?AT ?IS MAN C>RIES ! LOVE ( HIS NEI<BOR TO ! PO9T ( SELF-ABNEGATION1 ?AT HE OBEYS A :OLLY DIFF]5T PASSION FROM ?AT ( ! EGOI/4 ,& YET ) A LITTLE REFLECTION WE SOON DISCOV] ?AT H[EV] GREAT ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! TWO ACTIONS 9 !IR RESULT = HUMANITY1 ! MOTIVE HAS /ILL BE5 ! SAME4 ,IT IS ! QUE/ ( PLEASURE4 

,IF ! MAN :O GIVES AWAY HIS LA/ %IRT F\ND NO PLEASURE 9 DO+ SO1 HE W\LD NOT DO IT4 ,IF HE F\ND PLEASURE 9 TAK+ BREAD FROM A *ILD1 HE W\LD DO ?AT BUT ?IS IS DI/A/EFUL TO HIM4 ,HE F9DS PLEASURE 9 GIV+1 & SO HE GIVES4 ,IF IT W]E NOT 9CONV5I5T TO CAUSE CONFUSION BY EMPLOY+ 9 A NEW S5SE WORDS ?AT HAVE A RECOGNIZ$ MEAN+1 IT MI<T BE SAID ?AT 9 BO? CASES ! M5 ACT$ UND] ! IMPULSE ( !IR EGOISM4 ,SOME HAVE ACTUALLY SAID ?IS1 TO GIVE PROM95CE TO ! ?\<T & PRECISION TO ! IDEA BY PRES5T+ IT 9 A =M ?AT /RIKES ! IMAG9ATION1 & AT ! SAME TIME TO DE/ROY ! MY? :I* ASS]TS ?AT !SE TWO ACTS HAVE TWO DIFF]5T MOTIVES4 ,!Y HAVE ! SAME MOTIVE1 ! QUE/ ( PLEASURE1 OR ! AVOIDANCE ( PA91 :I* COMES TO ! SAME ?+4 

,TAKE = EXAMPLE ! WOR/ ( SC\NDRELS3 A ,?I]S1 :O MASSACRES ?IRTY-FIVE ?\S& ,P>ISIANS1 OR AN ASSASS9 :O BUT*]S A :OLE FAMILY 9 ORD] ?AT HE MAY WALL[ 9 DEBAU*]Y4 ,!Y DO IT BECAUSE = ! MOM5T ! DESIRE ( GLORY OR ( MONEY GA9S 9 !IR M9DS ! UPP] H& ( EV]Y O!R DESIRE4 ,EV5 PITY & COMPASSION >E EXT+UI%$ = ! MOM5T BY ?IS O!R DESIRE1 ?IS O!R ?IR/4 ,!Y ACT ALMO/ AUTOMATICALLY TO SATISFY A CRAV+ ( !IR NATURE4 ,OR AGA91 PUTT+ ASIDE ! /RONG] PASSIONS1 TAKE ! PETTY MAN :O DECEIVES HIS FRI5DS1 :O LIES AT EV]Y /EP TO GET \T ( SOMEBODY ! PRICE ( A POT ( BE]1 OR FROM %E] LOVE ( BRAG1 OR FROM CUNN+4 ,TAKE ! EMPLOY] :O *EATS HIS WORKM5 TO BUY JEWELS = HIS WIFE OR HIS MI/RESS4 ,TAKE ANY PETTY SC\NDREL Y\ LIKE4 ,HE AGA9 ONLY OBEYS AN IMPULSE4 ,HE SEEKS ! SATISFACTION ( A CRAV+1 OR HE SEEKS TO ESCAPE :AT W\LD GIVE HIM TR\BLE4 

,WE >E ALMO/ A%AM$ TO COMP>E SU* PETTY SC\NDRELS ) ONE :O SACRIFICES HIS :OLE EXI/5CE TO FREE ! OPPRESS$1 & LIKE A ,RUSSIAN NIHILI/ M\NTS ! SCAFFOLD4 ,SO VA/LY DIFF]5T = HUMANITY >E ! RESULTS ( !SE TWO LIVES2 SO MU* DO WE FEEL \RSELVES DRAWN T[>DS ! ONE & REPELL$ BY ! O!R4 

,& YET W]E Y\ TO TALK TO SU* A M>TYR1 TO ! WOMAN :O IS AB\T TO BE HANG$1 EV5 JU/ AS %E NE>S ! GALL[S1 %E W\LD TELL Y\ ?AT %E W\LD NOT EX*ANGE EI!R H] LIFE OR H] DEA? = ! LIFE ( ! PETTY SC\NDREL :O LIVES ON ! MONEY /OL5 FROM HIS WORK-PEOPLE4 ,9 H] LIFE1 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ MON/R\S MI<T1 %E F9DS H] HI<E/ JOYS4 ,EV]Y?+ ELSE \TSIDE ! /RUGGLE1 ALL ! LITTLE JOYS ( ! B\RGEOIS & HIS LITTLE TR\BLES SEEM TO H] SO CONTEMPTIBLE1 SO TIRESOME1 SO PITIABLE6 0,Y\ DO NOT LIVE1 Y\ VEGETATE10 %E W\LD REPLY2 0,I HAVE LIV$40 

,WE >E SPEAK+ ( C\RSE ( ! DELIB]ATE1 CONSCI\S ACTS ( M51 RES]V+ = ! PRES5T :AT WE HAVE TO SAY AB\T ?AT IMM5SE S]IES ( UNCONSCI\S1 ALL BUT ME*ANICAL ACTS1 :I* OCCUPY SO L>GE A PORTION ( \R LIFE4 ,9 HIS DELIB]ATE1 CONSCI\S ACTS MAN ALWAYS SEEKS :AT WILL GIVE HIM PLEASURE4 

,ONE MAN GETS DRUNK1 & EV]Y DAY L[]S HIMSELF TO ! CONDITION ( A BRUTE BECAUSE HE SEEKS 9 LIQUOR ! N]V\S EXCITEM5T ?AT HE CANNOT OBTA9 FROM HIS [N N]V\S SY/EM4 ,ANO!R DOES NOT GET DRUNK2 HE TAKES NO LIQUOR1 EV5 ?\< HE F9DS IT PLEASANT1 BECAUSE HE WANTS TO KEEP ! FRE%NESS ( HIS ?\<TS & ! PL5ITUDE ( HIS P[]S1 ?AT HE MAY BE ABLE TO TA/E O!R PLEASURES :I* HE PREF]S TO DR9K4 ,BUT H[ DOES HE ACT IF NOT LIKE ! JUDGE ( GOOD LIV+ :O1 AFT] GLANC+ AT ! M5U ( AN ELABORATE D9N] REJECTS ONE DI% ?AT HE LIKES V]Y WELL TO EAT HIS FILL ( ANO!R ?AT HE LIKES BETT]4 

,:5 A WOMAN DEPRIVES H]SELF ( H] LA/ PIECE ( BREAD TO GIVE IT TO ! FIR/ COM]1 :5 %E TAKES (F H] [N SCANTY RAGS TO COV] ANO!R WOMAN :O IS COLD1 :ILE %E H]SELF %IV]S ON ! DECK ( A VESSEL1 %E DOES SO BECAUSE %E W\LD SUFF] 9F9ITELY MORE 9 SEE+ A HUNGRY MAN1 OR A WOMAN />V$ ) COLD1 ?AN 9 %IV]+ OR FEEL+ HUNGRY H]SELF4 ,%E ESCAPES A PA9 ( :I* ONLY ?OSE :O HAVE FELT IT KN[ ! 9T5SITY4 

,:5 ! ,AU/RALIAN1 QUOT$ BY ,GUYAU1 WA/$ AWAY B5EA? ! IDEA ?AT HE HAS NOT YET REV5G$ HIS K9SMAN'S DEA?2 :5 HE GR[S ?9 & PALE1 A PREY TO ! CONSCI\SNESS ( HIS C[>DICE1 & DOES NOT RETURN TO LIFE TILL HE HAS DONE ! DE$ ( V5GEANCE1 HE P]=MS ?IS ACTION1 A H]OIC ONE SOMETIMES1 TO FREE HIMSELF ( A FEEL+ :I* POSSESSES HIM1 TO REGA9 ?AT 9W>D PEACE :I* IS ! HI<E/ ( PLEASURES4 

,:5 A TR\PE ( MONKEYS HAS SE5 ONE ( ITS MEMB]S FALL 9 CONSEQU5CE ( A HUNT]'S %OT1 & COMES TO BESIEGE HIS T5T & CLAIM ! BODY DESPITE ! ?REAT5+ GUN2 :5 AT L5G? ! ,ELD] ( ! B& GOES RI<T 91 FIR/ ?REAT5S ! HUNT]1 !N IMPLORES HIM1 & F9ALLY BY HIS LAM5TATIONS 9DUCES HIM TO GIVE UP ! CORPSE1 :I* ! GROAN+ TR\PE C>RY (F 9TO ! =E/1 !SE MONKEYS OBEY A FEEL+ ( COMPASSION /RONG] ?AN ALL CONSID]ATIONS ( P]SONAL SECURITY4 ,?IS FEEL+ 9 !M EXCE$S ALL O!RS4 ,LIFE ITSELF LOSES ITS ATTRACTION = !M :ILE !Y >E NOT SURE :E!R !Y CAN RE/ORE LIFE TO !IR COMRADE OR NOT4 ,?IS FEEL+ BECOMES SO OPPRESSIVE ?AT ! POOR BRUTES DO EV]Y?+ TO GET RID ( IT4 

,:5 ! ANTS RU% BY ?\S&S 9TO ! FLAMES ( ! BURN+ ANT-HILL1 :I* ?AT EVIL BEA/1 MAN1 HAS SET ON FIRE1 & P]I% BY HUNDR$S TO RESCUE !IR L>VAE1 !Y AGA9 OBEY A CRAV+ TO SAVE !IR (FSPR+4 ,!Y RISK EV]Y?+ = ! SAKE ( BR++ AWAY ! L>VAE ?AT !Y HAVE BR\<T UP ) MORE C>E ?AN MANY WOM5 BE/[ ON !IR *ILDR54 

,TO SEEK PLEASURE1 TO AVOID PA91 IS ! G5]AL L9E ( ACTION 7SOME W\LD SAY LAW7 ( ! ORGANIC WORLD4 

,)\T ?IS QUE/ ( ! AGREEABLE1 LIFE ITSELF W\LD BE IMPOSSIBLE4 ,ORGANISMS W\LD DIS9TEGRATE1 LIFE CEASE4 

,?US :ATEV] A MAN'S ACTIONS & L9E ( CONDUCT MAY BE1 HE DOES :AT HE DOES 9 OB$I5CE TO A CRAV+ ( HIS NATURE4 ,! MO/ REPULSIVE ACTIONS1 NO LESS ?AN ACTIONS :I* >E 9DIFF]5T OR MO/ ATTRACTIVE1 >E ALL EQUALLY DICTAT$ BY A NE$ ( ! 9DIVIDUAL :O P]=MS !M4 ,LET HIM ACT AS HE MAY1 ! 9DIVIDUAL ACTS AS HE DOES BECAUSE HE F9DS A PLEASURE 9 IT1 OR AVOIDS1 OR ?9KS HE AVOIDS1 A PA94 

,H]E WE HAVE A WELL-E/ABLI%$ FACT4 ,H]E WE HAVE ! ESS5CE ( :AT HAS BE5 CALL$ ! EGOI/IC !ORY4 

,V]Y WELL1 >E WE ANY BETT] (F = HAV+ REA*$ ?IS G5]AL CONCLUSION8 

,YES1 C]TA9LY WE >E4 ,WE HAVE CONQU]$ A TRU? & DE/ROY$ A PREJUDICE :I* LIES AT ! ROOT ( ALL PREJUDICES4 ,ALL MAT]IALI/ PHILOSOPHY 9 ITS RELATION TO MAN IS IMPLI$ 9 ?IS CONCLUSION4 ,BUT DOES IT FOLL[ ?AT ALL ! ACTIONS ( ! 9DIVIDUAL >E 9DIFF]5T1 AS SOME HAVE HA/5$ TO CONCLUDE8 ,?IS IS :AT WE HAVE N[ TO SEE4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahig 3 ,SECTION #b -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bag 3 ,SECTION #b -- ,ADD$4 

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