,AN>*ISM 9 ,V5EZUELA1 PA/ & ,PRES5T 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,EL ,LIB]T>IO ,$ITORIAL ,COLLECTIVE 

,TEXT 3 

,! PR(ILE ( AN>*ISM 9 ,V5EZUELAN HI/ORY HAS BE5 LESS PRON\NC$ ?AN 9 O!R P>TS ( ,LAT9 ,AM]ICA1 :]E IT HAS VIGOR\SLY MANIFE/$ ITSELF ?R\< COLLECTIVE /RUGGLES1 PUBLICATIONS1 P]SONALITIES & IDEOLOGICAL DEBATE4 ,IT IS1 H[EV]1 WOR? PO9T+ \T ?AT IT HAS ALSO 9FLU5C$ \R SOCIAL & CULTURAL EVOLUTION 

,FROM ! 5D ( ! #a#i? ,C5TURY TO ! FIR/ ?IRD ( ! #b? ,C5TURY1 SOME LOCAL 9TELLECTUALS W]E EI!R SYMPA?IZ]S OR TOL]ANT READ]S ( AN>*ISM1 BUT NO?+ LIKE A ,FLORES ,MAGON1 ,B>RET1 ,OITICICA1 ,GONZALEZ ,PRADA OR O!R EXPON5TS ( ,LAT9 ,AM]ICAN AN>*I/ ?\<T 7,CAPPELLETTI #a#i#i74 ,! FEW :O DID EXPLORE LIB]T>IAN PA?WAYS PRODUC$ H>DLY ANY WRITT5 MAT]IAL1 & !N VE]$ T[>DS POSITIVISM OR ,M>XISM2 IT IS ONLY WOR? M5TION+ ,PIO ,TAMAYO1 :O TAU<T ! 'SOCIALISM ( ,BAKUN9 & ,M>X' TO Y\NG ANTI-,GOMEZ ACTIVI/S 9 PRISON UNTIL %ORTLY BE=E HIS DEA? 9 #a#i#c#f7,SANANES #a#i#h#g74 ,9 T]MS ( POPUL> /RUGGLE1 HI/ORIANS ( ! ,F$]AL ,W> 7#a#h#e#i-#f#c7 - ! BIGGE/ SOCIAL UPHEAVAL BETWE5 ,9DEP5D5CE & ! PETROL ]A- PO9T \T ! 9FLU5CE ( ,PR\DHON & ,FR5* SOCIALISM ON ,EZEQUIEL ,ZAMORA1 ,G5]AL DEL ,PUEBLO ,SOB]ANO 7,G5]AL ( ! ,SOV]EIGN ,NATION74 ,! ZAMORI/ F$]AL PROGRAM WAS CLE>1 0444HORROR ( ! OLIG>*Y1 FRE$OM = M5 & L&S1 SOCIAL EQUALITY01 EXPRESS+ A RADICAL 9T5T ?AT WAS ONLY HALT$ BY HIS ASSASS9ATION4 7,BRITO ,FIGU]OA #a#i#h#a7 

,AT ! BEG9N+ ( ! #b? ,C5TURY1 ,EUROPEAN AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ IMMIGRANTS CONTRIBUT$ T[>DS ! EM]G5CE ( WORK] ORGANIZATIONS DESPITE ECONOMIC1 SOCIAL & CULTURAL BACKW>DNESS 7,RODRIGUEZ #a#i#i#c74 ,!SE EF=TS - =MATION ( MUTUAL SOCIETIES & GUILDS1 /RIKES1 PROPAG&A ETC - GA9$ !M A C]TA9 NOTORIETY 9 ! ]A ( ! OIL 9DU/RY1 H[EV] ! DICTATOR%IP ( ,JUAN  

 ,VIC5TE ,GOMEZ 7#a#i#h-#c#e7 VICI\SLY REPRESS$ ALL SYNDICAL ACTIVITY1 PREV5T+ IT FROM DEVELOP+ AS IT DID AT O!R LATITUDES4 ,! FEW H\ND$ SOCIAL MILITANTS ?AT REMA9$ 9 ! C\NTRY TRI$ ) GREAT DIFFICULTY TO G5]ATE POLITICAL ?\<T1 :IL/ ! MAJORITY ( ! ANTI-,GOMEZ EXILES W]E NOT OP5 TO RADICAL ?\<T4 ,AMONG ! RADICAL M9ORITY1 ! ATTRACTIV5ESS ( ! EXPANSION ( ,RUSSIAN BOL%EVISM PROV$ TOO /RONG & EFFECTIVELY /EMM$ ! FL[ ( AN>*I/ ?\<T4 ,:5 ?IS ,M>XI/ FACTION RETURN$ AFT] ! DEA? ( ! TYRANT1 IT OCCUPI$ ! 5TIRE FIELD ( LEFTW+ POLITICS1 ABSORB+ ! H&FUL ( READ]S & CL&E/9E DISCIPLES ( ! LIB]T>IAN IDEAL1 :O W]E EV5  

 AMONG ! F\ND]S ( ! ,V5EZUELAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 7,P,C,V- #a#i#c#f7 & ,ACCION ,DEMOCRATICA 7#a#i#d#a71 ! TWO P>TIES ?AT W\LD SUBSEQU5TLY CONTROL ! PROCESS ( ! POLITICAL ORGANIZATION ( ! MASSES4 ,ADDITIONALLY1 ! ANTI-AN>*I/ REPRESSION HAD A CON/ITUTIONAL FOOT+ & WAS IMPLEM5T$ 9 ! SO-CALL$ ,L>A ,LEY 7,L>A LAW7 :I* WAS 9 EFFECT BETWE5 #a#i#c#f-#d#e4 

,MANY EXIL$ ,SPANI% AN>*I/S >RIV$ 9 ,V5EZUELA DUR+ ! #a#i#d'S & #a#i#e'S1 & HAD TO DEAL1 NOT ONLY ) ! WEI<T ( DEFEAT 9 ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W>1 BUT ALSO AN ADOPTIVE 5VIRONM5T :]E !IR IDEAS W]E SE5 AS /RANGE4 ,! URG5T NE$ TO SUBSI/ & ! IMP]ATIVE TO ADAPT TO ! ATMOSPH]E ( BRUTAL AU?ORIT>IANISM W]E ADDITIONAL OB/ACLES TO ! ORGANIZATION ( POT5TIAL LOCAL SYMPA?IZ]S4 ,!IR EF=TS W]E NOT1 H[EV]1 9 VA91 P>TICUL>LY AFT] #aieh :51 AFT] T5 YE>S ( MILIT>Y DICTATOR%IP1 ! ,F$]ACION ,OBR]A ,REGIONAL ,V5EZOLANA - ,=,V,E 7,V5EZUELAN ,REGIONAL ,WORK]S ,F$]ATION1 AFFILIAT$ TO ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK]S ,ASSOCIATION1 A GLOBAL AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T F\ND$ 9 #a#i#b#b7 WAS E/ABLI%$4 ,TOO1 SOME SPECIFIC GR\PS W]E =M$1 NEWSPAP]S1 PAMPHLETS & BOOKS W]E PRODUC$1 BUT LITTLE ( ?IS ACTIVITY TRANSC5D$ BEYOND ! MO/ POLITICALLY AW>E CIRCLES ( ,SPANI% IMMIGRANTS 7,MONTES DE ,OCA #b#h74 

,! WAVE ( SOCIO-POLITICAL CONTE/ATION ?AT WAS EXP]I5C$ GLOBALLY AT ! TAIL 5D ( ! #a#i#f'S - ESPECIALLY ,MAY #aifh 9 ,FRANCE ) ITS 9DUBITABLE LIB]T>IAN ROOTS - ALSO TOOK HOLD 9 ,V5EZUELA4 ,ITS M>K CAN BE CLE>LY SE5 9 ! ,R5OVACION ,UNIV]SIT>IA 7,UNIV]SITY ,R5EWAL7 ?AT PR(\NDLY %OOK ! PR9CIPAL 9/ITUTIONS ( HI<] $UCATION 9 ,V5EZUELA BETWE5 #a#i#f#h-#g1 & MA9TA9$ ITS PRES5CE 9 SUBSEQU5T /UD5T MOVEM5TS & ALT]NATIVE CULTURE4 ,H[EV]1 AP>T FROM ! DIM9I%+ PRES5CE ( ,SPANI% VET]ANS1 YE>S W\LD PASS BE=E GR\PS ?AT ID5TIFI$ !MSELVES ) ! IDEAL & PRACTICE ( AN>*ISM W\LD EXI/1 ?IS IS BECAUSE 9 ! #g'S ,M>XISM WAS /ILL CONSID]$ ! IRREPLACEABLE IDEOLOGICAL SUPPORT = ANY REVOLUTION>Y PROPOSAL 9 ,V5EZUELA4 

,BETWE5 #aih & #aiie !RE W]E CLE>LY AN>*I/ ATTEMPTS TO CONNECT ) SOCIAL /RUGGLES & MOVEM5TS1 ! ,COLECTIVO ,AUTOGE/ION>IO ,LIB]T>IO -- ,C,A,L 7,LIB]T>IAN ,SELF-MANAG+ ,COLLECTIVE7 BE+ ! MO/ VISIBLE4 ,TWO J\RNALS1 ,EL ,LIB]T>IO 7PUBLI%$ BY ,C,A,L - #i $ITIONS BETWE5 #a#i#h#e-#h#g7 & ,CORREO ,A 7#b#h $ITIONS BETWE5 #aihg & #a#i#i#e71 W]E PO9TS ( REF]5CE & REUNION = ACTIVI/S1 EXIL$ ,LAT9 ,AM]ICAN LIB]T>IANS1 &1 PR9CIPALLY1 Y\NG PEOPLE :O CAME TO AN>*ISM ?R\< ! PUNK SC5E4 ,ALSO NOTEWOR?Y AT ?IS TIME WAS ! ACADEMIC & 9=MATIVE ACTIVITY ( ,ANGEL ,CAPPELLETTI1 AN ,>G5T9IAN AN>*I/ :O WORK$ 9 ,V5EZUELA = #bf YE>S 7,M5DEZ @& ,VALLOTA #b#a74 ,DESPITE ! DIFFICULTIES 9H]5T 9 TRY+ TO PROPAGATE & PU% =W>D AN>*I/ PROPOSALS ( SELF-MANAGEM5T & DIRECT ACTION 9 AN 5VIRONM5T :]E !Y W]E EI!R UNKN[N OR POORLY 9T]PRET$1 LITTLE BY LITTLE R\TES T[>DS DIV]SE SPACES :]E SU* PROJECTS C\LD BE EXPRESS$ BECAME APP>5T4 ,& !N ON #b#g_/#b_/#a#i#h#i ! POPUL> RIS+ KN[N AS ! ',C>ACAZO' OCCURR$1 :I* TOGE!R ) O!R NATIONAL EV5TS 7P>TICUL>LY ! CRISIS ( NE> TOTAL DEP5D5CY ON  

 ! OIL 9DU/RY & ( ! POLITICAL MODEL ?AT WAS E/ABLI%$ 9#a#i#e#h7 & 9T]NATIONAL EV5TS 7SU* AS ! FALL ( ! ,EA/]N ,EUROPEAN BUREAUCRACIES71 OP5$ SPACES :]E ! LIB]T>IAN IDEAL C\LD BE PROPAGAT$4 

,! ATTEMPT TO FUZE AN>*ISM ) CONCRETE COLLECTIVE /RUGGLES WAS MADE MORE APP>5T BY ! REAPPE>ANCE ( ,EL ,LIB]T>IO 9 #a#i#i#e1 :OSE WORK+ GR\P CALL$ ITSELF FIR/1 ! ,COMISION DE ,RELACIONES ,AN>QUI/AS -- ,C,R,A 7,COMMISSION ( ,AN>*I/ ,RELATIONS71 & AFT] #bg ! ,COLLECTIVE ,$ITOR%IP ( ,EL ,LIB]T>IO4 ,IT IS ! MO/ LA/+ PUBLICATION 9 LOCAL LIB]T>IAN HI/ORY1 PUBLI%+ #e  

 $ITIONS EV]Y YE> & ) A SIGNIFICANT CIRCULATION COMP>$ ) O!R LOCAL & CONT95TAL PUBLICATIONS4 ,SIDE BY SIDE ) ,EL ,LIB]T>IO >E NUM]\S CORE GR\PS & 9ITIATIVES ) V>I\S >EAS ( 9T]V5TION & :I* >E LOCAT$ 9 DIV]SE REGIONS1 HI<LI<T+ ! WORK+ ( SPECIFIC SPACES7 SU* AS ! ,C,E,S,L 9 ,C>ACAS1 ! ,C,E,A 9 ,M]IDA & ! ,AT5EO ,LA ,LIB]T>IA1 FIR/ 9  

 ,BISCUCUY & !N 9 ! RURAL >EA TO ! S\?WE/ ( ,L>A71 ! ORGANIZATION 9 ,JANU>Y #bf ( ! ,ALT]NATIVE ,SOCIAL ,=UM 9 ,C>ACAS1 ! ACTIVITY ( ! ,AN>*I/ ,BLACK ,CROSS1 ! P]SI/5T PUBLICATION ( V>I\S 9=MATIVE MAT]IALS1 & ! IMPULSE GIV5 TO DI/9CT EV5TS ( SOCIAL PROTE/ & CULTURAL AGITATION4 ,?IS PROCESS HAS HAD TO OV]COME ! TE/ ( ! ',BOLIV>IAN REVOLUTION'1 L$ BY ,HUGO ,*AVEZ1 :I* = AN>*I/S REPRES5TS A DEMAGOGIC1 CORRUPT1 MILIT>I/ & 9EFFICI5T SW9DLE :I* HAS DECEIV$ A L>GE SECTOR ( LOCAL & 9T]NATIONAL SOCIALI/S1 MAK+ ! DEVELOPM5T ( AUTONOM\S POPUL> MOVEM5TS1 A C\RSE ( ACTION PROMOT$ BY ,V5EZUELAN AN>*ISM1 MORE DIFFICULT4 

,BIBLIOGRAPHY 

  
  

,ALT]=O 7#b#f74 -,BULLET9 9 ,SPANI% & ,5GLI% ( ! ,ALT]NATIVE ,SOCIAL ,=UM- ,C>ACAS4 

,B,R,I,T,O ,F,I,G,U,],O,A1 ,F4 7#a#i#h#a74 .-,TIEMPO DE ,EZEQUIEL ,ZAMORA.-1 ,C>ACAS1 ,U,C,V4 

,C,A,P,P,E,L,L,E,T,T,I1 ,A4 7#a#i#i74 0,AN>QUISMO ,LAT9OAM]ICANO01 PP4 ,I,X-,C,C,X,V,I1 9 ,A4 ,CAPPELLETTI @& ,A4 ,RAMA 7,$S473 .-,EL ,AN>QUISMO 5 ,AM]ICA ,LAT9A.-1 ,C>ACAS1 ,BIBLIOTECA ,AYACU*O4 

,CORREO ,A 7#a#i#h#g-#a#i#i#e74 ,C>ACAS 7,ALSO AT3 WWW4GEOCITIES4COM_/SAMIZDATA4GEO_/,CORREO,A4HTML74 

,EL ,LIB]T>IO 7#a#i#h#e-#a#i#h#g74 ,C>ACAS4 

,EL ,LIB]T>IO 7#a#i#i#e-#b#h74 ,C>ACAS 7ALSO AT3 WWW4NODO#e4ORG_/ELLIB]T>IO1 ) AN EXT5SIVE ,5GLI% SECTION74 

,M,5,D,E,Z1 ,N4 @& ,A4 ,V,A,L,L,O,T,A 7#b#a74 .-,BITACORA DE LA ,UTOPIA.-1 ,C>ACAS1 ,U,C,V 7,ALSO AVAILABLE AT V>I\S 9T]NET SITES74 

,M,O,N,T,E,S ,D,E ,O,C,A1 ,R4 7#b#h7 0,AN>QUISMO 5 ,V5EZUELA01 ,C>ACAS1 UNPUBLI%$4 

,R,O,D,R,I,G,U,E,Z1 ,L4 7#a#i#i#c74 0,CONOCI5DO AL ,AN>COS9DICALISMO ,V5EZOLANO04 ,CORREO ,A1 ,C>ACAS1 _? #b#b1 PP4#a#f-#a#g4 

,S,A,N,A,N,E,S1 ,M4 7#a#i#h#g74 .-,PIO ,TAMAYO1 UNA ,OBRA P>A LA ,JU/ICIA1 EL ,AMOR Y LA ,LIB]TAD.-1 ,C>ACAS4 

,U,Z,C,A,T,E,G,U,I1 ,R4 7#b#a74 .-,CORAZON DE ,T9TA.-1 ,C>ACAS1 ,NAUFRAGO DE ,ITACA4  

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #b#b-#d-#f FROM LIBCOM4ORG47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#e1 #bbb 3 ,AN>*ISM 9 ,V5EZUELA1 PA/ & ,PRES5T -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/