,BOOK #h1 ,*APT] #f 
,OBJECTION TO ?IS ,SY/EM FROM ! ,ALLUREM5TS ( ,SLO? 

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,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,GODW9 

,TEXT 3 

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,OBJECTION PROPOS$4 -- 
,SU* A /ATE ( SOCIETY PREC$$ BY GREAT 9TELLECTUAL IMPROVEM5T4 -- 
,! MANUAL LABOR REQUIR$ WILL BE SMALL4 -- 
,UNIV]SALITY ( ! LOVE ( DI/9CTION4 -- 
,OP]ATION ( ?IS MOTIVE UND] ! SY/EM 9 QUE/ION -- 
F9ALLY SUP]S$$ BY A BETT] MOTIVE4 

 ,ANO!R OBJECTION :I* HAS BE5 URG$ AGA9/ ! SY/EM :I* C\NT]ACTS ! ACCUMULATION ( PROP]TY1 IS1 0?AT IT W\LD PUT AN 5D TO 9DU/RY4 ,WE BEHOLD1 9 COMM]CIAL C\NTRIES1 ! MIRACLES ?AT >E OP]AT$ BY ! LOVE ( GA94 ,!IR 9HABITANTS COV] ! SEA ) !IR FLEETS1 A/ONI% MANK9D BY ! REF9EM5TS ( !IR +5UITY1 HOLD VA/ CONT95TS 9 SUBJECTION1 9 DI/ANT P>TS ( ! WORLD1 BY !IR >MS1 >E ABLE TO DEFY ! MO/ P[]FUL CONF$]ACIES1 &1 OPPRESS$ ) TAXES & DEBTS1 SEEM TO ACQUIRE FRE% PROSP]ITY UND] !IR ACCUMULAT$ BURD5S4 ,%ALL WE LI<TLY P>T ) A MOTIVE :I* APPE>S SO GREAT & /UP5D\S 9 ITS 9FLU5CE8 ,ONCE E/ABLI% IT AS A PR9CIPLE 9 SOCIETY1 ?AT NO MAN APPLY TO HIS P]SONAL USE MORE ?AN HIS NECESSITIES REQUIRE2 & EV]Y MAN WILL BECOME 9DIFF]5T TO ! EX]TIONS :I* N[ CALL =? ! 5]GY ( HIS FACILITIES4 ,ONCE E/ABLI% IT AS A PR9CIPLE1 ?AT EA* MAN1 )\T BE+ COMPELL$ TO EX]T HIS [N P[]S1 IS 5TITL$ TO P>TAKE ( ! SUP]FLUITY ( HIS NEI<BOR2 & 9DOL5CE WILL SPE$ILY BECOME UNIV]SAL4 ,SU* A SOCIETY MU/ EI!R />VE1 OR BE OBLIG$1 9 ITS [N DEF5SE1 TO RETURN TO ?AT SY/EM ( MONOPOLY & SORDID 9T]E/1 :I* !ORETICAL REASON]S WILL = EV] >RAIGN TO NO PURPOSE40 

 ,9 REPLY TO ?IS OBJECTION1 ! READ] MU/ AGA9 BE REM9D$ ?AT ! EQUALITY = :I* WE >E PLEAD+1 IS AN EQUALITY :I* W\LD SUCCE$ TO A /ATE ( GREAT 9TELLECTUAL IMPROVEM5T4 ,SO BOLD A REVOLUTION CANNOT TAKE PLACE 9 HUMAN AFFAIRS1 TILL ! G5]AL M9D HAS BE5 HI<LY CULTIVAT$4 ,HA/Y & UNDIGE/$ TUMULTS1 MAY BE PRODUC$ BY A SUP]FICIAL IDEA ( EQUALIZATION2 BUT IT IS ONLY A CLE> & CALM CONVICTION ( JU/ICE1 ( JU/ICE MUTUALLY TO BE R5D]$ & RECEIV$1 ( HAPP9ESS TO BE PRODUC$ BY ! DES]TION ( \R MO/ ROOT$ HABITS1 ?AT CAN 9TRODUCE AN 9V>IABLE SY/EM ( ?IS SORT4 ,ATTEMPTS1 )\T ?IS PREP>ATION1 WILL BE PRODUCTIVE ONLY ( CONFUSION4 ,!IR EFFECT WILL BE MOM5T>Y1 & A NEW & MORE B>B>\S 9EQUALITY WILL SUCCE$4 ,EA* MAN1 ) UNALT]$ APPETITE1 WILL WAT* ! OPPORTUNITY1 TO GRATIFY HIS LOVE ( P[] OR ( DI/9CTION1 BY USURP+ ON HIS 9ATT5TIVE NEI<BORS4 

,IS IT TO BE BELIEV$ !N ?AT A /ATE ( SO GREAT 9TELLECTUAL IMPROVEM5T1 CAN BE ! =]UNN] ( UNIV]SAL IGNORANCE & BRUTALITY8 ,SAVAGES1 IT IS TRUE1 >E SUBJECT TO ! WEAKNESS ( 9DOL5CE4 ,BUT CIVILIZ$ & REF9$ /ATES >E ! !AT] ( A PECULI> ACTIVITY4 ,IT IS ?\<T1 ACUT5ESS ( DISQUISITION1 & >DOR ( PURSUIT1 ?AT SET ! CORPOREAL FACULTIES AT WORK4 ,?\<T BEGETS ?\<T4 ,NO?+ P]HAPS CAN PUT A /OP TO ! ADVANCES ( M9D BUT OPPRESSION4 ,BUT H]E1 SO F> FROM BE+ OPPRESS$1 EV]Y MAN IS EQUAL1 EV]Y MAN 9DEP5D5T & AT HIS CASE4 ,IT HAS BE5 OBS]V$1 ?AT ! 9TRODUCTION ( A REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T1 IS ATT5D$ ) PUBLIC 5?USIASM & IRRESI/IBLE 5T]PRISE4 ,IS IT TO BE BELIEV$ ?AT EQUALITY1 ! TRUE REPUBLICANISM1 WILL BE LESS EFFECTUAL8 ,IT IS TRUE1 ?AT 9 REPUBLICS ?IS SPIRIT1 SOON] OR LAT]1 IS F\ND TO LANGUI%4 ,REPUBLICANISM IS NOT A REM$Y ?AT /RIKES AT ! ROOT ( ! EVIL4 ,9JU/ICE1 OPPRESSION & MIS]Y CAN F9D AN ABODE 9 ?OSE SEEM+ HAPPY SEATS4 ,BUT :AT %ALL /OP ! PROGRESS ( >DOR & IMPROVEM5T :]E ! MONOPOLY ( PROP]TY IS UNKN[N8 

 ,?IS >GUM5T WILL BE /R5G!N$1 IF WE REFLECT ON ! AM\NT ( LABOR ?AT A /ATE ( EQUALITY WILL REQUIRE4 ,:AT IS ?IS QUANTITY ( EX]TION1 FROM :I* ! OBJECTION SUPPOSES MANY 9DIVIDUALS TO %R9K8 ,IT IS SO LI<T1 AS RA!R TO ASSUME ! GUISE ( AGREEABLE RELAXATION & G5TLE EX]CISE1 ?AN ( LABOR4 ,9 SU* A COMMUNITY1 SC>CELY ANYONE CAN BE EXPECT$1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( HIS SITUATION OR AVOCATIONS1 TO CONSID] HIMSELF AS EXEMPT$ FROM ! OBLIGATION TO MANUAL 9DU/RY4 ,!RE WILL BE NO RI* MAN TO RECL9E 9 9DOL5CE1 & FATT5 UPON ! LABOR ( HIS FELL[S4 ,! MA!MATICIAN1 ! POET & ! PHILOSOPH] WILL D]IVE A NEW /OCK ( *E]FULNESS & 5]GY FROM ! RECURR+ LABOR ?AT MAKES !M FEEL !Y >E M54 ,!RE WILL BE NO P]SONS DEVOT$ TO ! MANUFACTURE ( TR9KETS & LUXURIES2 & NONE :OSE (FICE IT %\LD BE TO KEEP 9 MOTION ! COMPLICAT$ MA*9E ( GOV]NM5T1 TAX-GA!R]S1 BEADLES1 EXCISE-M51 TIDE-WAIT]S1 CL]KS & SECRET>IES4 ,!RE WILL BE NEI!R FLEETS NOR >MIES1 NEI!R C\RTI]S NOR LACQUEYS4 ,IT IS ! UNNECESS>Y EMPLOYM5TS ?AT1 AT PRES5T1 OCCUPY ! GREAT MASS ( EV]Y CIVILIZ$ NATION1 :ILE ! PEASANT LABORS 9CESSANTLY TO MA9TA9 !M 9 A /ATE MORE P]NICI\S ?AN IDL5ESS4 

,IT MAY BE COMPUT$ ?AT NOT MORE ?AN ONE TW5TIE? ( ! 9HABITANTS ( ,5GL&1 IS SUB/ANTIALLY EMPLOY$ 9 ! LABORS ( AGRICULTURE4 ,ADD TO ?IS1 ?AT ! NATURE ( AGRICULTURE IS SU*1 AS TO GIVE FULL OCCUPATION 9 SOME P>TS ( ! YE>1 & TO LEAVE O!R P>TS COMP>ATIVELY VACANT4 ,WE MAY CONSID] ! LATT] AS EQUIVAL5T TO A LABOR1 :I*1 UND] ! DIRECTION ( SUFFICI5T SKILL1 MI<T SUFFICE1 9 A SIMPLE /ATE ( SOCIETY1 = ! FABRICATION ( TOOLS1 = WEAV+1 & ! OCCUPATION ( TAYLORS1 BAK]S & BUT*]S4 ,! OBJECT1 9 ! PRES5T /ATE ( SOCIETY1 IS TO MULTIPLY LABOR2 9 ANO!R /ATE1 IT WILL BE TO SIMPLIFY IT4 ,A VA/ DISPROPORTION ( ! WEAL? ( ! COMMUNITY1 HAS BE5 ?R[N 9TO ! H&S ( A FEW2 & +5UITY HAS BE5 CONT9UALLY UPON ! /RET*1 TO F9D WAYS 9 :I* IT MAY BE EXP5D$4 ,9 ! FEUDAL TIMES1 ! GREAT LORD 9VIT$ ! POOR TO COME & EAT ( ! PRODUCE ( HIS E/ATE1 UPON CONDITION ( WE>+ HIS LIV]Y1 & =M+ !MSELVES 9 RANK & FILE TO DO HONOR TO HIS WELL BORN GUE/S4 ,N[ ?AT EX*ANGES >E MORE FACILITAT$1 HE HAS QUITT$ ?IS IS 9>TIFICIAL MODE1 & OBLIGES ! M5 :O >E MA9TA9$ FROM HIS 9COME TO EX]T !IR +5UITY & 9DU/RY 9 RETURN4 ,?US1 9 ! 9/ANCE JU/ M5TION$1 HE PAYS ! TAYLOR TO CUT HIS CLO!S TO PIECES ?AT HE MAY SEW !M TOGE!R AGA91 & TO DECORATE !M ) /IT*+ & V>I\S ORNAM5TS1 )\T :I* !Y W\LD BE1 9 NO RESPECT1 LESS CONV5I5T & USEFUL4 ,WE >E IMAG9+1 9 ! PRES5T CASE1 A /ATE ( ! MO/ RIGID SIMPLICITY4 

,FROM ! SKET* :I* HAS BE5 GIV51 IT SEEMS BY NO MEANS IMPOSSIBLE1 ?AT ! LABOR ( EV]Y TW5TIE? MAN 9 ! COMMUNITY1 W\LD BE SUFFICI5T TO SUPPLY TO ! RE/ ALL ! ABSOLUTE NECESS>IES ( LIFE4 ,IF !N ?IS LABOR1 9/EAD ( P]=M$ BY SO SMALL A NUMB]1 W]E AMICABLY DIVID$ AMONG ! :OLE1 IT W\LD OCCUPY ! TW5TIE? P>T ( EV]Y MAN'S TIME4 ,LET US COMPUTE ?AT ! 9DU/RY ( A LABOR+ MAN1 5GROSSES T5 H\RS 9 EV]Y DAY1 :I*1 :5 WE HAVE D$UCT$ HIS H\RS ( RE/1 RECREATION & MEALS1 SEEMS AN AMPLE ALL[ANCE4 ,IT FOLL[S ?AT HALF AN H\R A DAY EMPLOY$ 9 MANUAL LABOR BY EV]Y MEMB] ( ! COMMUNITY W\LD SUFFICI5TLY SUPPLY ! :OLE ) NECESS>IES4 ,:O IS !RE ?AT W\LD %R9K FROM ?IS DEGREE ( 9DU/RY8 ,:O IS !RE1 ?AT SEES ! 9CESSANT 9DU/RY EX]T$ 9 ?IS CITY & ISL&1 & W\LD BELIEVE1 ?AT1 ) HALF AN H\R'S 9DU/RY P] DIEM1 ! SUM ( HAPP9ESS TO ! COMMUNITY AT L>GE MI<T BE MU* GREAT] ?AN AT PRES5T8 ,IS IT POSSIBLE TO CONTEMPLATE ?IS FAIR & G5]\S PICTURE ( 9DEP5D5CE & VIRTUE1 :]E EV]Y MAN W\LD HAVE AMPLE LEISURE = ! NOBLE/ 5]GIES ( M9D1 )\T FEEL+ \R V]Y S\LS REFRE%$ ) ADMIRATION & HOPE8 

 ,:5 WE TALK ( M5'S S9K+ 9TO IDL5ESS1 IF !Y BE NOT EXCIT$ BY ! /IMULUS ( GA91 WE SEEM TO HAVE LITTLE CONSID]$ ! MOTIVES ?AT1 AT PRES5T1 GOV]N ! HUMAN M9D4 ,WE >E DECEIV$ BY ! APP>5T M]C5>9ESS ( MANK9D1 & IMAG9E ?AT ! ACCUMULATION ( WEAL? IS !IR GREAT OBJECT4 ,BUT IT HAS SUFFICI5TLY APPE>$ ?AT ! PRES5T RUL+ PASSION ( MAN IS ! LOVE ( DI/9CTION#a4 ,!RE IS1 NO D\BT1 A CLASS 9 SOCIETY ?AT IS P]PETUALLY URG$ BY HUNG] & NE$1 & HAS NO LEISURE = MOTIVES LESS GROSS & MAT]IAL4 ,BUT IS ! CLASS NEXT ABOVE !M LESS 9DU/RI\S ?AN !Y8 ,WILL ANY MAN AFFIRM ?AT ! M9D ( ! PEASANT IS AS F> REMOV$ FROM 9ACTION & SLO?1 AS ! M9D ( ! G5]AL OR /ATESMAN1 ( ! NATURAL PHILOSOPH] :O MAC]ATES HIMSELF ) P]PETUAL /UDY1 OR ! POET1 ! B>D ( ,MANTUA = EXAMPLE1 :O CAN NEV] BELIEVE ?AT HE HAS SUFFICI5TLY REVIS$1 RECONSID]$ & POLI%$ HIS COMPOSITIONS8 

,9 REALITY1 ?OSE BY :OM ?IS REASON+ HAS BE5 URG$1 HAVE MI/AK5 ! NATURE ( !IR [N OBJECTION4 ,!Y DID NOT SUPPOSE1 ?AT M5 C\LD BE R\S$ 9TO ACTION ONLY BY ! LOVE ( GA92 BUT !Y CONCEIV$ ?AT1 9 A /ATE ( EQUALITY1 M5 W\LD HAVE NO?+ TO OCCUPY !IR ATT5TION4 ,:AT DEGREE ( TRU? !RE IS 9 ?IS IDEA WE %ALL PRES5TLY HAVE OCCASION TO E/IMATE#b4 

 ,MEAN:ILE1 IT IS SUFFICI5TLY OBVI\S1 ?AT ! MOTIVES :I* >ISE FROM ! LOVE ( DI/9CTION1 >E BY NO MEANS CUT (F1 BY A /ATE ( SOCIETY 9COMPATIBLE ) ! ACCUMULATION ( PROP]TY4 ,M51 NO LONG] ABLE TO ACQUIRE ! E/EEM1 OR AVOID ! CONTEMPT1 ( !IR NEI<BORS1 BY CIRCUM/ANCES ( DRESS & FURNITURE1 WILL DIV]T ! PASSION = DI/9CTION 9TO ANO!R *ANNEL4 ,!Y WILL AVOID ! REPROA* ( 9DOL5CE1 AS C>EFULLY AS !Y N[ AVOID ! REPROA* ( POV]TY4 ,! ONLY P]SONS :O1 AT PRES5T1 NEGLECT ! EFFECT :I* !IR APPE>ANCE & MANN]S MAY PRODUCE >E ?OSE :OSE FACES >E GR\ND ) FAM9E & DI/RESS4 ,BUT1 9 A /ATE ( EQUAL SOCIETY1 NO MAN WILL BE OPPRESS$1 &1 ( CONSEQU5CE1 ! MORE DELICATE AFFECTIONS WILL HAVE TIME TO EXP& !MSELVES4 ,! G5]AL M9D HAV+1 AS WE HAVE ALREADY %[N1 >RIV$ AT A HI< DEGREE ( IMPROVEM5T1 ! IMPULSE ?AT C>RIES IT 9TO ACTION1 WILL BE /RONG]4 ,! F]VOR ( PUBLIC SPIRIT WILL BE GREAT4 ,LEISURE WILL BE MULTIPLI$2 & ! LEISURE ( A CULTIVAT$ UND]/&+1 IS ! PRECISE P]IOD 9 :I* GREAT DESIGNS1 DESIGNS ! T5D5CY ( :I* IS TO SECURE APPLAUSE & E/EEM1 >E CONCEIV$4 ,9 TRANQUIL LEISURE1 IT IS IMPOSSIBLE = ANY BUT ! SUBLIME/ M9D1 TO EXI/1 )\T ! PASSION = DI/9CTION4 ,?IS PASSION1 NO LONG] P]MITT$ TO LOSE ITSELF 9 9DIRECT *ANNELS & USELESS W&]+S1 WILL SEEK ! NOBLE/ C\RSE1 & P]PETUALLY FRUCTIFY ! SE$S ( PUBLIC GOOD4 ,M9D1 ?\< IT WILL P]HAPS AT NO TIME >RIVE AT ! T]M9ATION ( ITS POSSIBLE DISCOV]IES & IMPROVEM5TS1 WILL NEV]!LESS ADVANCE ) A RAPIDITY & FIRMNESS ( PROGRESSION ( :I* WE >E1 AT PRES5T1 UNABLE TO CONCEIVE ! IDEA4 

 ,! LOVE ( FAME IS NO D\BT A DELUSION4 ,?IS1 LIKE EV]Y O!R DELUSION1 WILL TAKE ITS TURN TO BE DETECT$ & ABJUR$4 ,IT IS AN AIRY PHANTOM1 :I* WILL 9DE$ AF=D US AN IMP]FECT PLEASURE SO LONG AS WE WOR%IP IT1 BUT WILL ALWAYS1 9 A CONSID]ABLE DEGREE1 DISAPPO9T US1 & WILL NOT /& ! TE/ ( EXAM9ATION4 ,WE \<T TO LOVE NO?+ BUT A SUB/ANTIAL HAPP9ESS1 ?AT HAPP9ESS :I* WILL BE> ! TE/ ( RECOLLECTION1 & :I* NO CLE>NESS ( P]CEPTION1 & IMPROVEM5T ( UND]/&+1 WILL T5D TO UND]M9E4 ,IF !RE BE ANY PR9CIPLE MORE SUB/ANTIAL ?AN ! RE/1 IT IS JU/ICE1 A PR9CIPLE ?AT RE/S UPON ?IS S+LE PO/ULATUM1 ?AT MAN & MAN >E BE+S ( ! SAME NATURE1 & SUSCEPTIBLE1 UND] C]TA9 LIMITATIONS1 ( ! SAME ADVANTAGES4 ,:E!R ! B5EFIT :I* IS ADD$ TO ! COMMON FLOCK1 PROCE$ FROM Y\ OR ME1 IS A PITIFUL DI/9CTION4 ,FAME !RE=E IS AN UNSUB/ANTIAL & DELUSIVE PURSUIT4 ,IF IT SIGNIFY AN OP9ION 5T]TA9$ ( ME GREAT] ?AN ,I DES]VE1 TO DESIRE IT IS VICI\S4 ,IF IT BE ! PRECISE MIRROR ( MY *>ACT]1 IT IS VALUABLE ONLY AS A MEANS1 9 AS MU* AS ,I %ALL BE ABLE MO/ ESS5TIALLY TO B5EFIT ?OSE1 :O BE/ KN[ ! EXT5T ( MY CAPACITY1 & ! RECTITUDE ( MY 9T5TIONS4 

,! LOVE ( FAME1 :5 IT P]I%ES 9 M9DS =M$ UND] ! PRES5T SY/EM1 (T5 GIVES PLACE TO A PR9CIPLE /ILL MORE REPREH5SIBLE4 ,SELFI%NESS IS ! HABIT ?AT GR[S \T ( MONOPOLY4 ,:5 !RE=E SELFI%NESS CEASES TO SEEK ITS GRATIFICATION 9 PUBLIC EX]TION1 IT TOO (T5 N>R[S 9TO SOME FRIGID CONCEPTION ( P]SONAL PLEASURE1 P]HAPS S5SUAL1 P]HAPS 9TELLECTUAL4 ,BUT ?IS CANNOT BE ! PROCESS :]E MONOPOLY IS BANI%$4 ,SELFI%NESS HAS !RE NO K9DLY CIRCUM/ANCES TO FO/] IT4 ,TRU?1 ! OV]P[]+ TRU? ( G5]AL GOOD1 !N SEIZES ITS IRRESI/IBLY4 ,IT IS IMPOSSIBLE WE %\LD WANT MOTIVES1 SO LONG AS WE SEE CLE>LY H[ MULTITUDES & AGES MAY BE B5EFIT$ BY \R EX]TIONS1 H[ CAUSES & EFFECTS >E CONNECT$ 9 AN 5DLESS *A91 SO ?AT NO HONE/ EF=T CAN BE LO/1 BUT WILL OP]ATE TO GOOD1 C5TURIES AFT] ITS AU?OR IS CONSIGN$ TO ! GRAVE#c4 ,?IS WILL BE ! G5]AL PASSION1 & ALL WILL BE ANIMAT$ BY ! EXAMPLE ( ALL4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #agib 3 ,BOOK #h1 ,*APT] #f -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#g1 #bag 3 ,BOOK #h1 ,*APT] #f -- ,ADD$4 

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