,BOOK #a1 ,*APT] #h 
,HUMAN ,9V5TIONS ,SUSCEPTIBLE ( ,P]PETUAL ,IMPROVEM5T 

#agicagic 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,GODW9 

,TEXT 3 

,*,A,P,T,] ,V,I,I,I 

,H,U,M,A,N ,9,V,5,T,I,O,N,S ,S,U,S,C,E,P,T,I,B,L,E ,( ,P,],P,E,T,U,A,L ,I,M,P,R,O,V,E,M,5,T 

,P]FECTIBILITY ( MAN-9/ANC$1 FIR/1 9 LANGUAGE4-,ITS BEG9N+4- 
 ,AB/RACTION4-,COMPLEXITY ( ,LANGUAGE4-,SECOND 9/ANCE3 APHABETICAL  
 WRIT+4-,HI]OGLYPHICS AT FIR/ UNIV]SAL4 -,PROGRESSIVE DEVIATIONS4 
 -,APPLICATION4 

,B,E,=,E WE PROCE$ TO ! DIRECT SUBJECT ( ! PRES5T 9QUIRY1 IT MAY NOT BE IMPROP] TO RESUME ! SUBJECT ( HUMAN IMPROVABL5ESS1 & CONSID] IT 9 A SOME:AT GREAT] DETAIL4 ,AN OP9ION HAS BE5 EXT5SIVELY 5T]TA9$ 0?AT ! DIFF]5CES ( ! HUMAN SPECIES 9 DIFF]5T AGES & C\NTRIES1 P>TICUL>LY SO F> AS RELATES TO MORAL PR9CIPLES ( CONDUCT1 >E EXTREMELY 9SIGNIFICANT & TRIFL+2 ?AT WE >E DECEIV$ 9 ?IS RESPECT BY DI/ANCE & CONF\ND$ BY GL>E2 BUT- ?AT 9 REALITY ! VIRTUES & VISES ( M51 COLLECTIVELY TAK51 ALWAYS HAVE REMA9$1 & ( CONSEQU5CE10 IT IS SAID1 0ALWAYS WILL REMA91 NE>LY AT ! SAME PO9T40 

,! ]RONE\SNESS ( ?IS OP9ION WILL P]HAPS BE MORE COMPLETELY EXPOS$1 BY A SUMM>Y RECOLLECTION ( ! ACTUAL HI/ORY ( \R SPECIES1 ?AN BY ! CLOSE/ D$UCTIONS ( AB/RACT REASON4 ,WE WILL 9 ?IS PLACE SIMPLY REM9D ! READ] ( ! GREAT *ANGES :I* MAN HAS UND]GONE AS AN 9TELLECTUAL BE+1 5TITL+ US TO 9F] ! PROBABILITY ( IMPROVEM5TS NOT LESS ESS5TIAL1 TO BE REALIZ$ 9 FUTURE4 ,! CONCLUSION TO BE D$UC$ FROM ?IS DEL9EATION1 ?AT HIS MORAL IMPROVEM5TS WILL 9 SOME DEGREE KEEP PACE ) HIS 9TELLECTUAL1 & HIS ACTIONS CORRESPOND ) HIS OP9IONS1 MU/ DEP5D = ITS =CE UPON ! TRA9 ( REASON+ :I* HAS ALREADY BE5 BR\<T =W>D UND] ?AT HEAD4#a 

,LET US C>RY BACK \R M9DS TO MAN 9 HIS ORIG9AL /ATE1 A BE+ CAPABLE ( IMPRESSIONS & KN[L$GE TO AN UNB\ND$ EXT5T1 BUT NOT HAV+ AS YET RECEIV$ ! ONE OR CULTIVAT$ ! O!R2 LET US CONTRA/ ?IS BE+ ) ALL ?AT SCI5CE & G5IUS HAVE EFFECT$2 & FROM H5CE WE MAY =M SOME IDEA :AT IT IS ( :I* HUMAN NATURE IS CAPABLE4 ,IT IS TO BE REMEMB]$ ?AT ?IS BE+ DID NOT1 AS N[1 D]IVE ASSI/ANCE FROM ! COMMUNICATIONS ( HIS FELL[S1 NOR HAD HIS FEEBLE & CRUDE CONCEPTIONS AM5D$ BY ! EXP]I5CE ( SUCCESSIVE C5TURIES2 BUT ?AT 9 ! /ATE WE >E FIGUR+ ALL M5 W]E EQUALLY IGNORANT4 ,! FIELD ( IMPROVEM5T WAS BE=E !M@9 BUT = EV]Y /EP 9 ADVANCE !Y W]E TO BE 9DEBT$ TO !IR UNTUTOR$ EF=TS4 ,NOR IS IT ( CONSEQU5CE :E!R SU* WAS ACTUALLY ! PROGRESS ( M9D1 OR :E!R1 AS O!RS TEA*1 ! PROGRESS WAS ABRIDG$1 & MAN WAS IMM$IATELY ADVANC$ HALF WAY TO ! 5D ( HIS C>E] BY ! 9T]POSITION ( ! AU?OR ( HIS NATURE4 ,9 ANY CASE IT IS AN ALL[ABLE1 & WILL BE F\ND NO UNIMPROV+ SPECULATION1 TO CONSID] M9D AS IT IS 9 ITSELF1 & TO 9QUIRE :AT W\LD HAVE BE5 ITS HI/ORY IF1 IMM$IATELY UPON ITS PRODUCTION1 IT HAD BE5 LEFT TO BE ACT$ UPON BY ?OSE ORD9>Y LAWS ( ! UNIV]SE ) :OSE OP]ATION WE >E ACQUA9T$4 

,ONE ( ! ACQUISITIONS MO/ EVID5TLY REQUISITE AS A PRELIM9>Y TO \R PRES5T IMPROVEM5TS IS ?AT ( LANGUAGE4 ,BUT IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO CONCEIVE AN ACQUISITION ?AT MU/ HAVE BE5 9 ITS ORIG9 MORE DIFF]5T FROM :AT AT PRES5T IT IS F\ND1 OR ?AT LESS PROMIS$ ?AT COPI\SNESS & REF9EM5T IT HAS S9CE EXHIBIT$4 

,ITS BEG9N+ WAS PROBABLY FROM ?OSE 9VOLUNT>Y CRIES :I* 9FANTS1 = EXAMPLE1 >E F\ND TO UTT] 9 ! E>LIE/ /AGES ( !IR EXI/5CE1 & :I*1 PREVI\SLY TO ! IDEA ( EXCIT+ PITY OR PROCUR+ ASSI/ANCE1 SPONTANE\SLY >ISE FROM ! OP]ATION ( PA9 UPON \R ANIMAL FRAME4 ,!SE CRIES1 :5 ACTUALLY UTT]$1 BECOME A SUBJECT ( P]CEPTION TO HIM BY :OM !Y >E UTT]$2 &1 BE+ OBS]V$ TO BE CON/ANTLY ASSOCIAT$ ) C]TA9 ANTEC$5T IMPRESSIONS & TO EXCITE ! IDEA ( ?OSE IMPRESSIONS 9 ! HE>]1 MAY AFT]W>DS BE REPEAT$ FROM REFLECTION & ! DESIRE ( RELIEF4 ,EAG] DESIRE TO COMMUNICATE ANY 9=MATION TO ANO!R WILL ALSO PROMPT US TO UTT] SOME SIMPLE S\ND = ! PURPOSE ( EXCIT+ ATT5TION3 ?IS S\ND WILL PROBABLY FREQU5TLY RECUR TO ORGANS UNPRACTIC$ TO V>IETY1 & WILL AT L5G? /& AS IT W]E BY CONV5TION = ! 9=MATION 9T5D$ TO BE CONVEY$4 ,BUT ! DI/ANCE IS EXTREME FROM !SE SIMPLE MODES ( COMMUNICATION1 :I* WE POSSESS 9 COMMON ) SOME ( ! 9F]IOR ANIMALS1 TO ALL ! ANALYSIS & AB/RACTION :I* LANGUAGES REQUIRE4 

,AB/RACTION 9DE$1 ?\<1 AS IT IS COMMONLY UND]/OOD1 IT BE ONE ( ! SUBLIME/ OP]ATIONS ( M9D1 IS 9 SOME SORT COEVAL ) & 9SEP>ABLE FROM ! EXI/5CE ( M9D4#b ,! NEXT /EP TO SIMPLE P]CEPTION IS ?AT ( COMP>ISON1 OR ! C\PL+ TOGE!R ( TWO IDEAS & ! P]CEPTION ( !IR RESEMBLANCES & DIFF]5CES4 ,)\T COMP>ISON !RE CAN BE NO PREF]5CE1 & )\T PREF]5CE NO VOLUNT>Y ACTION3 ?\< IT MU/ BE ACKN[L$G$ ?AT ?IS COMP>ISON IS AN OP]ATION :I* MAY BE P]=M$ BY ! M9D )\T ADV]T+ TO ITS NATURE1 & ?AT NEI!R ! BRUTE NOR ! SAVAGE HAS A CONSCI\SNESS ( ! SEV]AL /EPS ( ! 9TELLECTUAL PROGRESS4 ,COMP>ISON IMM$IATELY LEADS TO IMP]FECT AB/RACTION4 ,! S5SATION ( TODAY IS CLASS$1 IF SIMIL>1 ) ! S5SATION ( YE/]DAY1 & AN 9F]5CE IS MADE RESPECT+ ! CONDUCT TO BE ADOPT$4 ,)\T ?IS DEGREE ( AB/RACTION1 ! FA9T DAW+S ( LANGUAGE ALREADY DESCRIB$ C\LD NEV] HAVE EXI/$4 ,AB/RACTION1 :I* WAS NECESS>Y TO ! FIR/ EXI/5CE ( LANGUAGE1 IS AGA9 ASSI/$ 9 ITS OP]ATIONS BY LANGUAGE4 ,?AT G5]ALIZATION1 :I* IS IMPLI$ 9 ! V]Y NOTION ( A ?9K+ BE+1 BE+ ?US EMBODI$ & R5D]$ A MATT] ( S5SIBLE IMPRESSION1 MAKES ! M9D ACQUA9T$ ) ITS [N P[]S1 & CREATES A RE/LESS DESIRE AFT] FUR!R PROGRESS4 

,BUT1 ?\< IT BE BY NO MEANS IMPOSSIBLE TO TRACE ! CAUSES ?AT CONCURR$ TO ! PRODUCTION ( LANGUAGE1 & TO PROVE !M ADEQUATE TO !IR EFFECT1 IT DOES NOT ! LESS APPE> ?AT ?IS IS AN ACQUISITION ( SL[ GR[? & 9E/IMABLE VALUE4 ,! V]Y /EPS1 W]E WE TO PURSUE !M1 W\LD APPE> LIKE AN 5DLESS LABYR9?4 ,! DI/ANCE IS IMMEASURABLE BETWE5 ! ?REE OR F\R VAGUE & 9>TICULATE S\NDS UTT]$ BY ANIMALS1 & ! COPI\SNESS ( LEXICOGRAPHY OR ! REGUL>ITY ( GRAMM>4 ,! G5]AL & SPECIAL NAMES BY :I* ?+S >E AT FIR/ COMPLICAT$ & AFT]W>DS DIVID$1 ! NAMES BY :I* PROP]TIES >E SEP>AT$ FROM !IR SUB/ANCES1 & P[]S FROM BO?1 ! COMPREH5SIVE DI/RIBUTION ( P>TS ( SPEE*1 V]BS1 ADJECTIVES & P>TICLES1 ! 9FLECTIONS ( WORDS BY :I* ! *ANGE ( !IR T]M9ATIONS *ANGES !IR MEAN+ ?R\< A V>IETY ( %AD+S1 !IR CONCORDS & !IR GOV]NM5TS1 ALL ( !M PRES5T US ) SU* A B\NDLESS CATALOG ( SCI5CE ?AT HE :O ON ! ONE H& DID NOT KN[ ?AT ! TASK HAD BE5 ACTUALLY P]=M$1 OR :O ON ! O!R WAS NOT 9TIMATELY ACQUA9T$ ) ! PROGRESSIVE NATURE ( M9D1 W\LD PRON\NCE ! ACCOMPLI%M5T ( !M IMPOSSIBLE4 

,A SECOND 9V5TION1 WELL CALCULAT$ TO IMPRESS US ) A S5SE ( ! PROGRESSIVE NATURE ( MAN1 IS ?AT ( ALPHABETICAL WRIT+4 ,HI]OGLYPHICAL OR PICTURE-WRIT+ APPE>S AT SOME TIME TO HAVE BE5 UNIV]SAL1 & ! DIFFICULTY ( CONCEIV+ ! GRADATION FROM ?IS TO ALPHABETICAL IS SO GREAT AS TO HAVE 9DUC$ ,H>TLEY1 ONE ( ! MO/ ACUTE PHILOSOPHICAL WRIT]S1 TO HAVE REC\RSE TO MIRACUL\S 9T]POSITION AS ! ONLY ADEQUATE SOLUTION4 ,9 REALITY NO PROBLEM CAN BE IMAG9$ MORE OP]OSE ?AN ?AT ( DECOMPOS+ ! S\NDS ( WORDS 9TO F\R & TW5TY SIMPLE ELEM5TS OR LETT]S1 & AGA9 F9D+ !SE ELEM5TS 9 ALL O!R WORDS4 ,:5 WE HAVE EXAM9$ ! SUBJECT A LITTLE MORE CLOSELY1 & P]CEIV$ ! /EPS BY :I* ?IS LABOR WAS ACCOMPLI%$1 P]HAPS ! IMM5SITY ( ! LABOR WILL RA!R GA9 UPON US1 AS HE ?AT %ALL HAVE C\NT$ A MILLION ( UNITS WILL HAVE A VA/] IDEA UPON ! SUBJECT ?AN HE ?AT ONLY CONSID]S !M 9 ! GROSS4 

,9 ,*9A HI]OGLYPHICAL WRIT+ HAS NEV] BE5 SUP]S$$ BY ALPHABETICAL1 & ?IS FROM ! V]Y NATURE ( !IR LANGUAGE1 :I* IS CONSID]ABLY MONOSYLLABIC1 ! SAME S\ND BE+ MADE TO SIGNIFY A GREAT V>IETY ( OBJECTS1 BY MEANS ( C]TA9 %AD+S ( TONE TOO DELICATE = AN ALPHABET TO REPRES5T4 ,!Y HAVE H[EV] TWO K9DS ( WRIT+1 ONE = ! LE>N$1 & ANO!R = ! VULG>4 ,! LE>N$ ADH]E CLOSELY TO !IR HI]OGLYPHICAL WRIT+1 REPRES5T+ EV]Y WORD BY ITS CORRESPOND+ PICTURE2 BUT ! VULG> >E FREQU5T 9 !IR DEVIATIONS FROM IT4 

,HI]OGLYPHICAL WRIT+ & SPEE* MAY 9DE$ BE CONSID]$ 9 ! FIR/ 9/ANCE AS TWO LANGUAGES RUNN+ P>ALLEL TO EA* O!R1 BUT ) NO NECESS>Y CONNECTION4 ,! PICTURE & ! WORD1 EA* ( !M1 REPRES5T ! IDEA1 ONE AS IMM$IATELY AS ! O!R4 ,BUT1 ?\< 9DEP5D5T1 !Y WILL BECOME ACCID5TALLY ASSOCIAT$2 ! PICTURE AT FIR/ IMP]FECTLY1 & AFT]W>DS MORE CON/ANTLY SUGGE/+ ! IDEA ( ITS CORRESPOND5T S\ND4 ,IT IS 9 ?IS MANN] ?AT ! M]CANTILE CLASSES ( ,*9A BEGAN TO CORRUPT1 AS IT IS /YL$1 !IR HI]OGLYPHICAL WRIT+4 ,!Y HAD A WORD SUPPOSE ( TWO SYLLABLES TO WRITE4 ,! *>ACT] APPROPRIATE TO ?AT WORD !Y W]E NOT ACQUA9T$ )1 OR IT FAIL$ TO SUGGE/ ITSELF TO !IR MEMORY4 ,EA* ( ! SYLLABLES H[EV] WAS A DI/9CT WORD 9 ! LANGUAGE1 & ! *>ACT]S BELONG+ TO !M P]FECTLY FAMILI>4 ,! EXP$I5T ?AT SUGGE/$ ITSELF WAS TO WRITE !SE TWO *>ACT]S ) A M>K SIGNIFY+ !IR UNION1 ?\< 9 REALITY ! *>ACT]S HAD HI!RTO BE5 APPROPRIAT$ TO IDEAS ( A DIFF]5T SORT1 :OLLY UNCONNECT$ ) ?AT N[ 9T5D$ TO BE CONVEY$4 ,?US A SORT ( REBUS OR *>ADE WAS PRODUC$4 ,9 O!R CASES ! WORD1 ?\< MONOSYLLABIC1 WAS CAPABLE ( BE+ DIVID$ 9TO TWO S\NDS1 & ! SAME PROCESS WAS EMPLOY$4 ,?IS IS A FIR/ /EP T[>DS ALPHABETICAL ANALYSIS4 ,SOME WORD1 SU* AS ! 9T]JECTION ,O6 OR ! P>TICLE ,A1 IS ALREADY A S\ND P]FECTLY SIMPLE1 & ?US FURNI%ES A FIR/ /ONE TO ! $IFICE4 ,BUT1 ?\< !SE IDEAS MAY P]HAPS PRES5T US ) A FA9T VIEW ( ! MANN] 9 :I* AN ALPHABET WAS PRODUC$1 YET ! ACTUAL PRODUCTION ( A COMPLETE ALPHABET IS P]HAPS ( ALL HUMAN DISCOV]IES ?AT :I* REQUIR$ ! MO/ P]SEV]+ REFLECTION1 ! LUCKIE/ CONCURR5CE ( CIRCUM/ANCES1 & ! MO/ PATI5T & GRADUAL PROGRESS4 

,LET US H[EV] SUPPOSE MAN TO HAVE GA9$ ! TWO FIR/ ELEM5TS ( KN[L$GE1 SPEAK+ & WRIT+2 LET US TRACE HIM ?R\< ALL HIS SUBSEQU5T IMPROVEM5TS1 ?R\< :ATEV] CON/ITUTES ! 9EQUALITY BETWE5 ,NEWTON & ! PL[MAN1 & 9DE$ MU* MORE ?AN ?IS1 S9CE ! MO/ IGNORANT PL[MAN 9 CIVILIZ$ SOCIETY IS 9F9ITELY DIFF]5T FROM :AT HE W\LD HAVE BE5 :5 /RIPP$ ( ALL ! B5EFITS HE HAS D]IV$ FROM LIT]ATURE & ! >TS4 ,LET US SURVEY ! E>? COV]$ ) ! LABORS ( MAN1 H\SES1 5CLOSURES1 H>VE/S1 MANUFACTURES1 9/RUM5TS1 MA*9ES1 TOGE!R ) ALL ! WOND]S ( PA9T+1 POETRY1 ELOQU5CE & PHILOSOPHY4 

,SU* WAS MAN 9 HIS ORIG9AL /ATE1 & SU* IS MAN AS WE AT PRES5T BEHOLD HIM4 ,IS IT POSSIBLE = US TO CONTEMPLATE :AT HE HAS ALREADY DONE )\T BE+ IMPRESS$ ) A /RONG PRES5TIM5T ( ! IMPROVEM5TS HE HAS YET TO ACCOMPLI%8 ,!RE IS NO SCI5CE ?AT IS NOT CAPABLE ( ADDITIONS2 !RE IS NO >T ?AT MAY NOT BE C>RI$ TO A /ILL HI<] P]FECTION4 ,IF ?IS BE TRUE ( ALL O!R SCI5CES1 :Y NOT ( MORALS8 ,IF ?IS BE TRUE ( ALL O!R >TS1 :Y NOT ( SOCIAL 9/ITUTION8 ,! V]Y CONCEPTION ( ?IS AS POSSIBLE IS 9 ! HI<E/ DEGREE 5C\RAG+4 ,IF WE CAN /ILL FUR!R DEMON/RATE IT TO BE A P>T ( ! NATURAL & REGUL> PROGRESS ( M9D1 \R CONFID5CE & \R HOPES WILL !N BE COMPLETE4 ,?IS IS ! TEMP] ) :I* WE \<T TO 5GAGE 9 ! /UDY ( POLITICAL TRU?4 ,LET US LOOK BACK1 ?AT WE MAY PR(IT BY ! EXP]I5CE ( MANK9D2 BUT LET US NOT LOOK BACK AS IF ! WISDOM ( \R ANCE/ORS WAS SU* AS TO LEAVE NO ROOM = FUTURE IMPROVEM5T4 

,FOOTNOTES 

  

#a,*AP4 ,V4 

#b,! QUE/ION :E!R OR NOT ! HUMAN M9D IS CAPABLE ( =M+ AB/RACT IDEAS HAS BE5 ! SUBJECT ( MU* PR(\ND & S]I\S DISQUISITION4 ,IT IS C]TA9 ?AT WE HAVE A G5]AL /&>D ( SOME SORT1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( :I*1 IF AN ANIMAL IS PRES5T$ TO \R VIEW1 WE CAN 9 MO/ CVASES DECIDE ?AT IT IS1 OR IS NOT A HORSE1 A MAN1 @&C2 NOR IS IT TO BE IMAG9$ ?AT WE %\LD BE UNABLE TO =M SU* JUDGM5TS1 EV5 IF WE W]E D5I$ ! USE ( SPEE*4 

,IT IS A CURI\S FACT1 & ON ?AT ACC\NT WOR?Y TO BE M5TION$ 9 ?IS PLACE1 ?AT ! HUMAN M9D IS P]HAPS 9CAPABLE ( 5T]TA9+ ANY BUT G5]AL IDEAS4 ,TAKE1 = EXAMPLE A W9E GLASS4 ,IF1 AFT] ?IS GLASS IS )DRAWN1 ,I PRES5T TO Y\ ANO!R FROM ! SAME SET1 Y\ WILL PROBABLY BE UNABLE TO DET]M9E :E!R IT IS ANO!R OR ! SAME4 ,IT IS ) A LIKE 9ATT5TION ?AT PEOPLE 9 G5]AL VIEW A FLOCK ( %EEP4 ,! %EPH]D ONLY DI/+UI%ES ! FEATURES ( EV]Y ONE ( HIS %EEP FROM ! FEATURES ( EV]Y O!R4 ,BUT IT IS IMPOSSIBLE SO TO 9DIVIDUALIZE \R REM>KS AS TO CAUSE \R IDEA TO BE TRULY P>TICUL>1 & NOT SPECIAL4 ,?US !RE >E MEMORABLE 9/ANCES ( ONE MAN SO NE>LY RESEMBL+ ANO!R AS TO BE ABLE TO PASS HIMSELF UPON ! WISE & ALL ! RELATIVES ( ?IS MAN AS IF HE W]E ! SAME4 

,! OPPOSITION :I* HAS BE5 SO +5I\SLY MA9TA9$ AGA9/ ! DOCTR9E ( AB/RACT IDEAS SEEMS *IEFLY TO HAVE >IS5 FROM A HABIT ( US+ ! T]M IDEA1 NOT1 AS ,LOCKE HAS DONE1 = EV]Y CONCEPTION ?AT CAN EXI/ 9 ! M9D1 BUT AS CON/ANTLY DESCRIPTIVE ( AN IMAGE4 OR PICTURE4 ,! FOLL[+ VIEW ( ! SUBJECT WILL P]HAPS S]VE 9 SOME DEGREE TO REMOVE ANY AMBIGUITY ?AT MI<T CONT9UE TO RE/ UPON IT4 

,IDEAS1 CONSID]+ ?AT T]M AS COMPREH5D+ ALL P]CEPTIONS1 BO? PRIM>Y1 OR ( ! S5SES1 & SECOND>Y1 OR ( ! MEMORY1 MAY BE DIVID$ 9TO F\R CLASSES3 #a4 P]FECT4 ,! EXI/5CE ( !SE WE HAVE DISPROV$4 #b4 IMP]FECT1 SU* AS ?OSE :I* >E PRODUC$ 9 US BY A NE> & C>EFUL 9SPECTION ( ANY VISIBLE OBJECT4 #c IMP]FECT1 SU* AS ?OSE PRODUC$ BY A SLI<T & DI/ANT VIEW4 #d4 IMP]FECT1 SO AS TO HAVE NO RESEMBLANCE TO AN IMAGE ( ANY EXT]NAL OBJECT4 ,! P]CEPTION PRODUC$ 9 US 9 SLI<T & CURR5T DISC\RSE BY ! WORDS RIV]1 FIELD1 >E ( ?IS NATURE2 & HAVE NO SNORE RESEMBLANCE TO ! IMAGE ( ANY VISIBLE OBJECT ?AN ! P]CEPTION ORD9>ILY PRODUC$ 9 US BY ! WORDS CONQUE/1 GOV]NM5T1 VIRTUE4 

,! SUBJECT ( ?IS LA/ CLASS ( IDEAS IS V]Y +5I\SLY TREAT$ BY ,BURKE1 9 HIS ,9QUIRY 9TO ! ,SUBLIME1 ,P>T ,V4 ,HE HAS H[EV] COMMITT$ ONE MAT]IAL ]ROR 9 ! DISCUSSION1 BY REPRES5T+ !SE AS 9/ANCES ( ! EMPLOYM5T ( 0WORDS )\T IDEAS40 ,IF WE RECOLLECT ?AT BRUTES HAVE SIMIL> AB/RACTIONS1 & A G5]AL CONCEPTION1 ( ! FEMALE ( !IR [N SPECIES1 ( MAN1 ( FOOD1 ( ! SM>T ( A :IP1 

@&C4 WE %ALL PROBABLY ADMIT ?AT SU* P]CEPTIONS 7& 9 ALL EV5TS !Y >E P]CEPTIONS1 OR1 ACCORD+ TO ! E/ABLI%$ LANGUAGE UPON ! SUBJECT1 IDEAS7 >E NOT NECESS>ILY CONNECT$ ) ! EMPLOYM5T ( WORDS4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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