,*APT] #f 

#aihcaihc 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,FR$Y ,P]LMAN 

,TEXT 3 

,! ,PHO5ICIAN OCTOPUS & ITS LAT] ,GREEK1 ,V5ETIAN & O!R (FSPR+ WILL COME TO BE SE5 AS SOME?+ ALTOGE!R DIFF]5T FROM ! ,ASSYRIAN WORM4 ,!RE WILL EV5 BE ?OSE :O WILL SEE ! OCTOPUS AS A =M ( HUMAN FRE$OM4 ,I 9T5D TO %[ ?AT ?IS IS AN OPTICAL ILLUSION4 

,!RE IS NO D\BT ?AT ! TWO ,LEVIA?ANS DIFF]4 ,! >TIFICIAL WORM'S CLAWS & FANGS1 ITS >MIES1 >E USUALLY ATTA*$ TO ! BODY1 :]EAS ! T5TACLES ( ! >TIFICIAL OCTOPUS DETA* !MSELVES FROM ! BODY & CAN BE SAID TO MOVE AB\T FREELY1 ESPECIALLY IF ! T5TACLES >E %IPS4 ,! WORM IS L>GELY L&BORNE :]EAS ! OCTOPUS T5DS TO BE SEABORNE4 

,!RE IS NO D\BT ?AT TWO DIFF]5T TYPES >E 9 QUE/ION4 ,! PO9T IS ?AT !SE >E NOT TYPES ( HUMAN COMMUNITY BUT TYPES ( ,LEVIA?AN4 ,BO? >E :AT ,HOBBES WILL CALL 0>TIFICIAL M540 ,EA* ( !M IS AN AUTOMATON1 A MA*9E1 & LIKE O!R MA*9ES IT CAN SOMETIMES BE CONV]T$ OR ADAPT$ TO DO :AT ! O!R DOES4 

,! MA9 DIFF]5CE BETWE5 !M DOES NOT LIE 9 ! WAY ! T5TACLES MOVE NOR 9 ! M$IUM ?R\< :I* !Y MOVE NOR 9 ! SIZE ( ! HEAD1 BUT RA!R 9 ! WAY ! TWO AUTOMATA USE ! ALREADY-M5TION$ SURPLUS4 ,BO? LIVE (F ! SURPLUS PRODUCT ( ZEKS' LABOR4 ,BUT ! WORM USES MO/ ( ITS SURPLUS TO 5L>GE ITS HEAD & BODY1 ITS (FICIALS & >MIES1 :]EAS ! OCTOPUS KEEPS MO/ ( ITS SURPLUS CONT9UALLY CIRCULAT+ BETWE5 S\RCES & DE/9ATIONS4 

,?IS DIFF]5T TREATM5T ( ! SURPLUS GIVES EA* A SPECIFIC ADVANTAGE OV] ! O!R4 ,! ONE T5DS TO HAVE GREAT] WEAL?1 ! O!R GREAT] P[]4 ,AN EFFICI5T & FLEXIBLE OCTOPUS--& ! ,PHO5ICIAN CITIES SEEM TO HAVE BE5 BO?--CAN SUCK AN EV] GREAT] P>T ( ,MO!R ,E>? 9TO ITS T5TACLES4 ,! ,PHO5ICIANS NOT ONLY C\LD BUT APP>5TLY DID C>RY A VA/ PROPORTION ( PLUND]$ & D5ATUR$ ,BIOSPH]E 9 ! HOLDS ( !IR %IPS4 ,BUT ) ALL ?IS WEAL?1 ! ,PHO5ICIAN OCTOPUS WAS /ILL AT A DISADVANTAGE TO ! ,ASSYRIAN WORM 9 T]MS ( P[]1 AS A S+LE CAMPAIGN L$ BY ! ?IRD ,TIGLA?PILES] REVEAL$4 

,WE WILL BE SURPRIS$ BY ! EASE ( ! ,ASSYRIAN CONQUE/4 ,WE WILL ?9K ! WEAL?Y CAN BUY P[] AS EASILY AS ! P[]FUL CAN GRAB WEAL?4 ,WE WILL ?9K ( ! ,BRITI% ,EMPIRE1 AN OCTOPUS ) ! P[] ( A WORM1 OR ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,EMPIRE1 A WORM ) ! T5TACLES ( AN OCTOPUS4 

,! ,PHO5ICIANS DO BUY >MIES4 ,A FEW ( ,LEVI'S GR&SONS1 9 FACT1 DI/+UI% !MSELVES AS M]C5>IES 9 ?OSE >MIES4 ,BUT >MIES EAT UP ! SURPLUS 9 ! %IPS' HOLDS1 & ! HEADS ( ! M]CANTILE H\SES KN[ ?AT ALL ! WEAL? ( ,PH5ICIA COMES FROM TAK+ ! ?+S 9 ! HOLDS TO PLACES :]E !Y'RE PRECI\S1 & FROM FILL+ ! HOLDS ) *EAP ?+S ?AT >E PRECI\S ELSE:]E4 ,! M]*ANTS ALSO KN[ ?AT L>GE >MIES ACQUIRE 9SATIABLE APPETITES & ?REAT5 TO SWALL[ ALL ! ?+S 9 ! %IPS' HOLDS4 ,& ( C\RSE ! M]*ANTS >E RI<T4 

,:5 ! ?IRD ,TIGLA?PILES]'S W> 5G9ES KNOCK D[N ,PH5ICIA'S GATES1 ! ,ASSYRIANS DO NOT 9H]IT A WORLD EMPIRE ( FLOAT+ T5TACLES4 ,! ,ASSYRIAN MILIT>I/S DO NOT NE$ TO DEPORT ,PH5ICIA'S M]*ANTS1 & !Y MAY NOT EV5 WANT ! FLOAT+ EMPIRE TO 5D4 ,BUT ! MOM5T !IR HUNGRY >MIES PLUND] ! %IPS' HOLDS1 ! ,PHO5ICIAN OCTOPUS COLLAPSES4 ,ALL ?AT'S LEFT ( IT >E ! PIECES ( T5TACLES BEYOND ,ASSYRIA'S REA*1 ! \TPO/S ON BO? %ORES ( ! ,M$IT]RANEAN & ON ! ,ATLANTIC4 ,! P>5T ( ALL !SE \TPO/S ROTS LIKE ! EMPTY %IPS 9 ITS H>BORS4 ,! %IPS1 :OSE HOLDS N[ CONTA9 ONLY :AT'S LEFT ( A ONCE LU% ,LEVANT9E =E/1 WILL EV5TUALLY S9K4 ,! TREES 9 ! %IPS' HOLDS WILL HAVE NO HEIRS BECAUSE ! SOIL ON :I* !Y GREW HAS BE5 WA%+ 9TO ! SEA S9CE ! DAY IT LO/ ITS COV]4 ,?IS SOIL1 /ILL RI* ) LIV+ ORGANISMS1 WILL JO9 ! SUNK5 %IPS 9 ! BOTTOM ( ! ,M$IT]RANEAN1 :]E BO? WILL GRADUALLY TURN 9TO (F%ORE OIL4  
  

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,! ,PHO5ICIAN SEABORNE OCTOPUS WAS 9ITIALLY NO?+ BUT A T5TACLE OR \TGR[? ( ,SUM]IAN & ,EGYPTIAN L&BORNE WORMS1 & ONE MI<T WOND] H[ ! OCTOPUS MANAG$ TO /AY LOOSE = AS LONG AS IT DID1 ESPECIALLY 9 VIEW ( ITS UNAVOIDABLE MILIT>Y 9F]IORITY VIS-A-VIS ! ,ASSYRIAN MON/]4 

,WE WILL HAVE TO KEEP REM9D+ \RSELVES ?AT ! L&$ WORM IS A COH]5T & EFFICI5T 5TITY ONLY 9 ! WI%FUL ?9K+ ( A ,HOBBES4 ,CONT9UAL DECOMPOSITION IS ! NORMAL /ATE ( >TIFICIAL WORMS 9 ! FIELD4 ,! HUMAN BE+S R$UC$ TO SPR+S & :EELS NEV] CEASE TO RESI/ ?IS R$UCTION4 ,! BEA/'S MILIT>Y CAMPAIGNS AGA9/ EXT]NAL AS WELL AS 9T]NAL RESI/]S1 NAMELY ITS ATTEMPTS TO HALT ! DECOMPOSITION1 >E 9 FACT ! /UFF ( ,HIS-/ORY4 

,DECOMPOSITION WAS ALSO ! NORMAL /ATE ( ! ,ASSYRIAN ,LEVIA?AN DUR+ ! TW5TY OR T5 G5]ATIONS ( ,PH5ICIA'S HEYDAY4 

,:5 ! ,HITTITE ,LEVIA?AN COLLAPS$1 ,ASSYRIA'S ,TUKULTI ,N9URTA L$ HIS >MY TO CAPTURE & 5?RALL$ ?\S&S ( ! FALL5 EMPIRE'S /R&$ SOLDI]S1 PROBABLY ?9K+ TO GA9 AS MU* P[] AS ! O!R LO/4 ,BUT ,ASSYRIA DID NOT GA9 BY ?IS CAPTURE1 & ! SUDD5 SC>CITY ( BOA/+ TABLETS SUGGE/S ?AT 9 TRY+ TO FE$ ITS 5L>G$ >MY1 ,ASSYRIA LO/ ! ABILITY TO SU/A9 ITSELF4 ,BABYLONIA AS WELL AS ,ELAM )DREW FROM ! MON/]'S EA/1 & :5 ! FIR/ ,TIGLA?PILES] RECOV]$ !SE LOSSES1 F$]AT$ TRIBES ( ,MU%KI TRI$ TO /ORM ,ASSYRIA'S WE/4 ,! GREAT GR&FA!RS ( ,M$ES & ,P]SIANS >E SAID TO HAVE BE5 AMONG !SE ANGRY ,MU%KI4 

,ASSYRIA'S ATTEMPT TO HOLD ON TO ITS EXTREMITIES BY MILIT>Y MEANS APP>5TLY FAIL$2 ! TABLETS SPEAK ( FAM9ES & )DRAWALS4 ,HURRIAN-SPEAK+ ,MU%KI E/ABLI%$ !MSELVES 9 A =TRESS CALL$ ,URATU 9 ! ,>M5IAN M\NTA9S1 & EV5 ,ASSYRIA'S ,SEMITIC-SPEAK+ ZEKS1 BO? ,>AMEAN & ,*ALDEAN1 BEGAN TO )DRAW FROM LABOR GANGS & >MIES4 ,! SECOND ,A%URNASIRPAL MOV$ ! HEAD ( ! ,ASSYRIAN ,LEVIA?AN FROM ,N9EVEH TO ,KALAH TO BE CLOS] TO ! REBELS' /RON<OLDS1 BUT HIS SUCCESSOR1 ! ?IRD ,%ALMANES]1 FAC$ AN EV5 L>G] RESI/ANCE1 & ?IS ,CIVILIZ] HAD TO RAZE ,N9EVEH AS WELL AS ,A%UR TO RE/ORE A ,PAX ,ASSYRIANA4 

,EV5 !N ,ASSYRIA'S TR\BLES W]5'T OV]4 ,! ,HURRIANS ( ,UR>TU ATTACK$ 9 CONC]T ) ZEKS UND]M9+ ,ASSYRIA FROM )91 SO ?AT ! ?IRD ,A%URDAN SUFF]$ :AT 9 ,ASSYRIAN EYES MU/ HAVE BE5 ! GREATE/ IGNOM9Y3 MILIT>Y DEFEAT ON EV]Y FRONT4 ,& !N HIS SUCCESSOR1 ! FIF? ,A%URNIR>I1 SUFF]$ ! EV5 GREAT] IGNOM9Y ( BE+ OV]?R[N BY ! UPRIS+ ( HIS [N CAPITAL1 ,KALAH4 ,= ALL !SE REASONS1 ! ,ASSYRIAN ,LEVIA?AN DID NOT EV5 BEG9 ITS C>E] AS SWALL[] ( ALL IT COMPETITORS UNTIL TW5TY OR T5 G5]ATIONS AFT] ,TUKULTI ,N9URTA'S CAPTURE ( ! /R&$ ,HITTITES4 

,ASSYRIA'S ?IRD ,TIGLA?PILES]1 CALL$ ,PULU ! ,RE/OR] BY HIS CONTEMPOR>IES1 WAS ANO!R ( ?OSE GREAT 9NOVATORS ALONG ! WIDE PA? ?AT LEADS FROM ,B>B>ISM TO ,CIVILIZATION4 ,9HUMAN CRUELTY HAD BE5 PRACTIC$ BY ! ,CIVILIZ$ BE=E4 ,?IS PROGRESSIVE MON>*'S 9NOVATION WAS TO DEPORT 5TIRE POPULATIONS FROM !IR FAMILI> PLACES ( REFUGE TO /RANGE PLACES :]E !Y HAD TO DEP5D ON ! CONQU]OR'S G5]OSITY EV5 = FOOD4 

,! SECOND ,HIRAM ( ,TIRE IS M5TION$ ON ,ASSYRIAN TABLETS AS A WILL+ VASSAL2 APP>5TLY ?IS ,HIRAM TRI$ TO BUY HIS REPRIEVE FROM ! ,ASSYRIAN TYRANT4 ,WE'VE SE5 H[ MU* SU* A REPRIEVE W\LD CO/ ,TIRE & ! O!R ,PHO5ICIAN CITIES4 

,DAMASCUS1 ,$OM & ! LITTLE ,/ATE ( ,ISRAEL ) ITS CAPITAL AT ,SAM>IA1 TRI$ TO RESI/ ,PULU ! ,RE/OR]1 BUT ,K+ ,AHAZ ( ,JUDAH & HIS TROOPS S]V$ ! DEPORT] AS AUXILI>IES :O HELP$ ,ASSYRIA REPRESS ! RESI/]S4 ,MANY HEIRS ( ,MOSES1 PEOPLE AS WELL AS PROPHETS1 REBELL$ AGA9/ ?IS COLLABORATION1 & ,AHAZ WAS SUCCE$$ BY ,K+ ,HEZEKIAH1 :O WALL$ HIS K+DOM 9 AGA9/ ! ,ASSYRIANS4 ,BUT BY N[ ALL O!R 9DEP5D5T ,LEVANT9E ,LEVIA?ANS HAD BE5 BATT]$ OR TURN$ TO VASSALS BY ,PULU'S SUCCESSOR1 ! FIF? ,%ALMANES]1 & ! NEXT ,ASSYRIAN1 ! SECOND ,S>GON1 BEAT D[N ! GATES ( ,SAM>IA & IS SAID TO HAVE DEPORT$ ITS 5TIRE POPULATION ( TW5TY-SEV5 ?\S&4 ,JUDAH WAS N[ ! LA/ 9DEP5D5T ,LEVIA?AN ON ! ,LEVANT4 

,! SECOND ,S>GON'S REIGN IS ANO!R GREAT LEAP =W>D = ,CIVILIZATION4 ,?IS TYRANT IS F> AHEAD ( HIS ,AKKADIAN NAMESAKE 9 DEA?-TE*NOLOGY1 9HUMAN CRUELTY & %E] KILL+ P[]4 ,LIKE HIS NAMESAKE1 HE SETS \T TO CONQU] ! WORLD4 ,AT ,KHORSABAD HE BUILDS A PALACE :I* WILL BE DUG UP BY \R CONTEMPOR>IES3 ITS IMP]SONAL1 9TIMIDAT+ HI]>*IC SCULPTURE & >*ITECTURE EXPRESSES UNEQUAL$ CRUELTY & T]ROR4 

,?IS ,S>GON1 ALSO LIKE HIS NAMESAKE1 SETS 9 MOTION =CES ?AT WILL SWALL[ HIS SUCCESSORS4 ,ALREADY 9 HIS [N REIGN1 )DRAW+ ,*ALDEANS & ,>AMEANS ALLI$ ) ,ELAMITES F9D A *AMPION 9 A =M] ZEK CALL$ ,M]ODA*-,BALADAN & LEAVE ! ,ASSYRIAN NO RE/4 

,S>GON'S SUCCESSOR ,S5NA*]IB1 BESET BY CONT9UAL REBELLIONS1 SACKS & MASSACRES MO/ ( HIS EMPIRE'S 9HABITANTS4 ,DUR+ ?IS MADMAN'S REIGN ! ,ASSYRIANS AT LA/ BEAT D[N ! ,K+DOM ( ,JUDAH & DEPORT MO/ ( ITS 9HABITANTS1 !Y IMP\ND ,PH5ICIA'S EMPTY %IPS1 & !Y MASSACRE ! ,*ALDEAN & ,>AMEAN REBELS AT !IR ,BABYLONIAN /RON<OLD4 

,!N1 UND] ,ESS>HADDON1 ! ,ASSYRIANS DE/ROY ,PHO5ICIAN ,SIDON1 BESIEGE IMPOV]I%$ ,TIRE1 & PROCE$ TO 9VADE ,EGYPT4 

,A%URBANIPAL1 ! LA/ TYRANT ( ,ASSYRIA1 9H]ITS AN EMPIRE EMBRAC+ ! 5TIRE KN[N ,LEVIA?ANIC WORLD1 & LIVES TO SEE HIS EMPIRE %R9K TO ! SIZE IT WAS BE=E ,PULU SET \T TO RE/ORE IT4 ,A%URBANIPAL CONSOLES HIMSELF BY BECOM+ A LIBR>IAN & CONTEMPLAT+ ,ASSYRIA'S PA/ GREATNESS ON ! ?\S&S ( CUNEI=M TABLETS HE COLLECTS AT ,N9EVEH4 ,HE IS ! PRECURSOR ( HI/ORICAL S*OL>S :O WILL F9D SIMIL> CONSOLATION 9 !IR LIBR>IES4 

,EGYPT1 ! ,LEVANT & ,BABYLONIA EM]GE FROM ! DECOMPOS+ ,ASSYRIAN ,LEVIA?AN1 SCA!D & UNABLE TO RESUME4 

,SOME?+ ELSE EM]GES1 SOME?+ ?AT WAS SET 9 MOTION BY ! WORLD-RAP+ ,ASSYRIAN W> 5G9ES3 ANO!R F$]ATION ( TRIBES FROM ! /EPPES & M\NTA9S4 

,! AVAT>S ( ?IS NEW ASSAULT FROM \TSIDE >E ! ,M$ES1 :O EASILY 9/ALL !MSELVES 9 ALL-BUT DEVA/AT$ ,ELAM4 ,BEH9D ! ,M$ES >E ! F$]AT$ SPEAK]S ( ,TURKIC & ,IRANIAN TONGUES :OM ! ,GREEKS WILL CALL ,SCY?IANS & ,P]SIANS4 ,! NEWCOM]S HELP ,NABOPLASS> ! ,*ALDEAN \/ ,ASSYRIAN P[] FROM ,BABYLON & !N JO9 ,NABOPLASS> 9 PUTT+ A DEF9ITIVE 5D TO ,ASSYRIAN ,HIS-/ORY4 

,NABOPLASS> ! ,*ALDEAN1 AN >MOR$ MAN :O SP5T HIS Y\? 9 ! ,ASSYRIAN W> MA*9E1 SEEMS TO ?9K ! NEWCOM]S IRRUPT$ \T ( ! ,EURASIAN /EPPES 9 ORD] TO HELP HIM RAISE ,BABYLON TO ! GLORY ( FALL5 ,N9EVEH4 ,! ,*ALDEAN DE/ROYS ! LA/ REMA9S ( ,ASSYRIAN P[] HID+ \T 9 ANCI5T ,ABRAM'S T[N1 ,H>RAN1 & !N PROCE$S TO ! ,LEVANT4 

,! NEXT ,*ALDEAN1 ,NEBUCADREZZ>1 TYRANT OV] A POPUL\S ,BABYLON ( GLITT]+ WEAL? & WRET*+ POV]TY1 R$UCES ! BY-N[ IMMIS]AT$ ,LEVANT9E CITIES1 & 9/ALLS ,Z$EKIAH ( ,JUDAH AS PUPPET GOV]NOR ( ,TIRE1 ,SIDON1 ,MOAB AS WELL AS ,JUDAH1 BUT :5 ,Z$EKIAH (F]S TO P]=M A SIMIL> S]VICE = ,EGYPT'S ,PH>AOH1 ! ,*ALDEANS ( ,BABYLON BESIEGE ,TIRE1 BURN ,J]USALEM1 & DEPORT ! REMA9+ ,LEVANT9E ,JEWS TO ,BABYLON4 

,?IS IS AS F> AS ! ,*ALDEANS >E ABLE TO /RET* !IR NEO-,BABYLONIAN ,LEVIA?AN4 ,NABONIDUS1 ! LA/ ( ,NEBOPLASS>'S HEIRS1 LIKE ,A%URBANIPAL ! LA/ ,ASSYRIAN1 IS AN ANTIQU>IAN4 ,! NEWCOM]S FROM ! /EPPES OV]RUN EV]Y /RON<OLD EV] HELD BY ,SUM]IANS1 ,AKKADIANS1 ,ASSYRIANS OR NEO-,BABYLONIANS4  
  

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,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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,OCTOB] #h1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #f -- ,ADD$4 

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