,ACC\NT+ = ,\RSELVES 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE CONT9UE TO PLAGUE AN>*I/ CIRCLES & SPACES4 ,9 RESPONSE1 WE'VE DEVELOP$ PROCESSES TO HOLD EA* O!R ACC\NTABLE \TSIDE ( ! /ATE4 ,BUT :Y CAN'T WE SEEM TO GET !M RI<T8 ,?IS ESSAY EXAM9ES ! CONTEXT 9 :I* !SE COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY MODELS EM]G$ & ANALYZES ! PITFALLS WE'VE 5C\NT]$ 9 TRY+ TO APPLY !M4 ,TO MOVE BEYOND ! IMPASSE >\ND SEXUAL VIOL5CE )9 \R SC5ES1 WE NE$ TO *ALL5GE ! IDEA ( COMMUNITY ITSELF & TAKE \R RESI/ANCE 9 NEW DIRECTIONS4 

,9TRODUCTION 

0,I DON'T BELIEVE 9 ACC\NTABILITY ANYMORE444 MY ANG] & HOPELESSNESS AB\T ! CURR5T MODEL >E PROPORTIONAL TO H[ 9VE/$ ,I'VE BE5 9 ! PA/4 ,ACC\NTABILITY FEELS LIKE A BITT] EX-LOV] TO ME444 ! PA/ T5 YE>S ,I REALLY TRI$ TO MAKE ! RELATION%IP WORK1 BUT Y\ KN[ :AT80 

-- ,ANGU/IA ,CELE/E1 

0,SAFETY IS AN ,ILLUSION3 ,REFLECTIONS ON ,ACC\NTABILITY0 

,GETT+ ,/>T$3 ,ORIG9S & ,PURPOSE 

,SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE TE> US AP>T4 ,!Y FRACTURE \R COMMUNITIES1 RU9 9DIVIDUAL LIVES1 SABOTAGE PROJECTS & ORGANIZ+1 REVEAL NA/Y CONTRADICTIONS BETWE5 \R SUPPOS$ IDEALS & \R ACTUAL PRACTICES1 & MA9TA9 A CLIMATE ( FE> & OPPRESSION1 ESPECIALLY = WOM54 ,SEXUAL ASSAULT IS POLITICAL2 IT IS A FUNCTION ( PATRI>*Y1 NOT JU/ AN 9DIVIDUAL H>M DONE BY 9DIVIDUAL PEOPLE 7USUALLY M57 TO O!RS 7MO/ (T5 WOM574 ,SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE1 P>TN] VIOL5CE1 *ILD ABUSE1 & SEXUAL H>ASSM5T >E PRIM>Y WAYS ?AT M5 PHYSICALLY IMPOSE DOM9ATION OV] WOM54 ,SEXUALIZ$ VIOL5CE HELPS TO MA9TA9 PATRI>*Y1 HET]OSEXISM1 TRANS OPPRESSION1 AGEISM & OPPRESSION ( Y\?1 RACI/ COLONIALISM1 & G5OCIDE4 ,! /RUGGLE AGA9/ SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE IS ESS5TIAL = REVOLUTION>Y TRANS=MATION4 

,! ACC\NTABILITY PROCESS MODEL HAS BE5 ONE ( ! PRIM>Y TOOLS US$ BY AN>*I/S TO ADDRESS ASSAULT & ABUSE 9 REC5T YE>S4 ,?IS ESSAY ANALYZES ?IS MODEL 9 HOPES ( PROVOK+ HONE/1 SELF-CRITICAL DISCUSSION AB\T H[ WE RESPOND TO ASSAULT & ABUSE )9 AN>*I/ SC5ES1 & IMAG9+ DIRECTIONS TO MOVE =W>D4 

,?IS >TICLE IS ,N,O,T 9T5D$ TO S]VE AS AN ACCESSIBLE 9TRODUCTION TO COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES2 IT ASSUMES ?AT Y\ HAVE SOME KN[L$GE ( :AT !Y >E & H[ !Y WORK 7OR DON'T WORK74 ,IT DRAWS SPECIFICALLY ON ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN AN>*I/1 PUNK1 & RADICAL ACTIVI/ SUBCULTURES & PRESUMES ?AT ! READ] UND]/&S !IR CONTEXT & LANGUAGE4 ,IF Y\ DON'T1 TRY READ+ SOME ( ! S\RCES CIT$ BEL[ BE=E ?IS ONE4 ,IF Y\'RE AN AN>*I/ & Y\'VE HAD SOME EXP]I5CE ) EF=TS TO RESPOND TO ASSAULT & ABUSE )9 Y\R SC5E UND] ! LABEL ( 0ACC\NTABILITY10 ?IS IS 9T5D$ = Y\4 

,G5D] ,FRAMEWORKS 

,G5D] IS COMPLICAT$2 SOME FOLKS WE MI<T P]CEIVE AS MALE OR FEMALE DON'T ID5TIFY ?AT WAY1 & SOME DON'T ID5TIFY AS EI!R4 ,9 REF]R+ TO 0M50 OR 0WOM510 WE MEAN FOLKS :O ID5TIFY ?AT WAY1 :E!R CISG5D] OR TRANSG5D]4 ,?R\<\T ?IS ESSAY1 BO? SURVIVORS & PEOPLE :O'VE ASSAULT$ OR ABUS$ O!RS >E REF]R$ TO 9 G5]AL US+ 0!Y0 AS A G5D]-NEUTRAL PRON\N4 ,ASSAULT & ABUSE CAN BE COMMITT$ BY ANYONE AGA9/ ANYONE1 ACROSS G5D] L9ES2 SOMETIMES CIS WOM51 TRANS M5 & WOM51 & G5D]QUE] FOLK ASSAULT1 & (T5 CIS M5 >E SURVIVORS AS WELL4 ,BUT ?IS ACKN[L$GM5T %\LD NOT ]ASE ! FACT ?AT ! VA/ MAJORITY ( FOLKS :O ABUSE & ASSAULT >E CIS M51 & ! MAJORITY ( FOLKS !Y ABUSE & ASSAULT >E WOM54 

,SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE >E NEI!R G5D]-SPECIFIC 7I4E41 !Y CAN ONLY HAPP5 BY OR TO PEOPLE ( A C]TA9 G5D]7 NOR G5D]-NEUTRAL 7I4E41 ! G5D] ( A P]SON :O ASSAULTS OR IS ASSAULT$ IS IRRELEVANT TO ! CONV]SATION74 ,WE MU/ UND]/& ! G5D]$ PATT]NS ( ASSAULT & ABUSE AS AN EXPRESSION ( PATRI>*AL DOM9ATION1 )\T MAK+ 9VISIBLE EXP]I5CES ?AT FALL \TSIDE ( ?AT G5D]$ FRAMEWORK4 

,RE/ORATIVE & ,TRANS=MATIVE ,JU/ICE 

,9 SPEAK+ AB\T ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES1 WE'RE REF]R+ TO COLLECTIVE EF=TS TO ADDRESS H>M--9 ?IS CASE1 SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE--?AT FOCUS NOT ON PUNI%M5T OR LEGAL 0JU/ICE0 BUT ON KEEP+ PEOPLE SAFE & *ALL5G+ ! UND]LY+ SOCIAL PATT]NS & P[] /RUCTURES ?AT SUPPORT ABUSIVE BEHAVIOR4 ,9 ! LOOSE/ S5SE1 ?IS MI<T SIMPLY MEAN A FEW FRI5DS /ICK+ UP = SOMEONE :O'S BE5 HURT3 ASK+ !M :AT !Y NE$1 & TRY+ TO NEGOTIATE = ?OSE NE$S ) ! P]SON :O HURT !M & AMONG ! COMMUNITY !Y %>E4 ,SOME PROCESSES 9VOLVE A GR\P ?AT M$IATES BETWE5 AN 9DIVIDUAL & ! P]SON CALL+ !M \T1 OR SEP>ATE GR\PS SUPPORT+ EA* P]SON & FACILITAT+ COMMUNICATION BETWE5 !M4 ,!SE PROCESSES USUALLY 9VOLVE SETT+ \T CONDITIONS OR 0DEM&S0 = ! P]SON :O'S BE5 CALL$ \T AS A MEANS ( RE/OR+ SAFETY OR TRU/ & PREV5T+ ! H>M FROM HAPP5+ AGA91 & SOME ME?OD = FOLL[+ UP TO 5SURE ?AT !SE DEM&S >E MET4 ,ALL ( !SE DIFF]5T APPROA*ES %>E AN 9T5TION TO ADDRESS ! H>M DONE DIRECTLY )\T RELY+ ON ! /ATE4 

,COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY APPEALS TO AN>*I/S AS A CRITICAL ALT]NATIVE TO ! ADV]S>IAL FRAMEWORK ( ! CRIM9AL 0JU/ICE0 SY/EM4 ,ACCORD+ TO ?IS FRAMEWORK1 TWO P>TIES 9 CONFLICT >E ASSUM$ TO HAVE OPPOSITE 9T]E/S2 ! /ATE CONSID]S ITSELF ! AGGRIEV$ P>TY & ?US ACTS AS M$IATOR2 & 0JU/ICE0 MEANS DECID+ :I* P]SON IS CORRECT & :I* P]SON SUFF]S CONSEQU5CES--:I* >E DET]M9$ BY ! /ATE1 & USUALLY UNRELAT$ TO ! ACTUAL H>M DONE OR ITS ROOT CAUSES4 ,9 CONTRA/1 RE/ORATIVE JU/ICE FOCUSES ON ! NE$S ( ! ONES H>M$ & ?OSE :O DID H>M1 RA!R ?AN ! NE$ TO SATISFY ! AB/RACT PR9CIPLES ( LAW OR TO EXACT PUNI%M5T4 ,FOLKS :O'VE BE5 H>M$ PLAY AN ACTIVE ROLE 9 RESOLV+ A DISPUTE1 :ILE ?OSE :O H>M >E 5C\RAG$ TO TAKE RESPONSIBILITY = !IR ACTIONS & REPAIR ! H>M !Y'VE DONE4 ,IT IS BAS$ ON A !ORY ( JU/ICE ?AT SEES 0CRIME0 & WRONGDO+ AS AN (F5SE AGA9/ 9DIVIDUALS OR COMMUNITIES RA!R ?AN ! /ATE4 ,MANY ( ! CURR5T WORK+ MODELS = RE/ORATIVE JU/ICE ORIG9AT$ 9 ,MAORI & ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN 9DIG5\S COMMUNITIES4 

,BUILD+ ON ?AT FRAMEWORK1 ! TRANS=MATIVE JU/ICE MODEL L9KS RE/ORATIVE JU/ICE'S FOCUS ON RECTIFY+ H>M RA!R ?AN /R5G!N+ /ATE P[] ) A CRITIQUE ( SY/EMATIC OPPRESSION4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,G5]ATION ,FIVE1 AN ORGANIZATION ?AT GR\NDS !IR WORK TO 5D *ILD SEXUAL ABUSE 9 ?IS MODEL1 ! GOALS ( TRANS=MATIVE JU/ICE >E3 

,SAFETY1 HEAL+1 & AG5CY = SURVIVORS 

,ACC\NTABILITY & TRANS=MATION = PEOPLE :O H>M 

,COMMUNITY ACTION1 HEAL+1 & ACC\NTABILITY 

,TRANS=MATION ( ! SOCIAL CONDITIONS ?AT P]PETUATE VIOL5CE--SY/EMS ( OPPRESSION & EXPLOITATION1 DOM9ATION1 & /ATE VIOL5CE 

,! AN>*I/ PRACTICE ( COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY RE/S 9 !ORY ON !SE UND]LY+ PR9CIPLES1 ALONG ) ! ,D,I,Y E?IC & A FOCUS ON DIRECT ACTION4 

,:]E ,WE'RE ,AT - ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNITY ,ACC\NTABILITY3 ,REC5T ,HI/ORY & ! ,CURR5T ,/ATE ( ,?+S 

,H[ DID ?IS SET ( PRACTICES >\ND RESPOND+ TO SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE EM]GE8 ,9 ! #a#i#iS & E>LY #bS1 WOM5 & O!R SURVIVORS RESPOND$ TO ASSAULT & ABUSE 9 A V>IETY ( WAYS1 9CLUD+ MAK+ Z9ES CALL+ PEOPLE \T TO DI/RIBUTE AT %[S1 DISCUSS+ !IR EXP]I5CES AMONG !MSELVES1 W>N+ PEOPLE 9 O!R COMMUNITIES AB\T REPEAT ASSAULT]S1 & 9 SOME CASES PHYSICALLY CONFRONT+ !M4 ,! ,HY/]IA ,COLLECTIVE BAS$ 9 ! ,PORTL&1 ,O,R >EA REPRES5T$ ONE ( ! E>LY /RUCTURAL ATTEMPTS TO RESPOND TO SEXUAL ASSAULT1 PRODUC+ & DI/RIBUT+ LIT]ATURE1 *ALL5G+ ! PRES5CE ( ABUSIVE M5 9 ! PUNK SC5E1 & ORGANIZ+ A CONF]5CE4 ,9 O!R T[NS1 FOLKS =M$ GIRL GANGS = SELF-DEF5SE & CONC]T$ CONFRONTATIONAL ACTION4 ,H[EV]1 MORE (T5 ?AN NOT1 SU* EF=TS W]E ISOLAT$1 BELIEF 9 RAPE MY?S P]SI/$ AMONG AN>*I/S 7ESPECIALLY M571 & SURVIVORS :O ATTEMPT$ TO SPEAK \T W]E IGNOR$1 %UNN$1 DISMISS$ = DI/RACT+ ATT5TION FROM MORE IMPORTANT ISSUES1 OR BLAM$ = ,C,O,9,T,E,L,P,R,O-/YLE DIVISIV5ESS4 

,9 RESPONSE1 AN>*I/ WOM5 & O!RS WORK$ TO 5C\RAGE AN>*I/ SC5ES TO TAKE SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE S]I\SLY & PROMOTE A CULTURE ( CONS5T4 ,MU* ( ?IS SPREAD ?R\< Z9E CULTURE1 P>TICUL>LY ,C9DY ,CRABB'S ,DORIS & ,SUPPORT Z9ES2 ALSO1 WORK%OPS BEGAN APPE>+ AT RADICAL CONF]5CES DISCUSS+ SURVIVOR SUPPORT1 CONS5T1 & POSITIVE SEXUALITY4 ,M5'S GR\PS BEGAN TO ORGANIZE AGA9/ SEXUAL VIOL5CE 9 SOME RADICAL SC5ES1 SU* AS ! ,DEAL+ ,) ,\R ,%IT 7,D,W,O,S7 COLLECTIVE F\ND$ 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS 9 #b#b4 ,A MAJOR TURN+ PO9T OCCURR$ AT ! #bd ,PO9TLESS ,FE/ 9 ,PHILADELPHIA1 :]E CONC]T ORGANIZ]S PUBLICLY ANN\NC$ ?AT ?REE WOM5 HAD BE5 RAP$ AT ! EV5T & E/ABLI%$ COLLECTIVES TO SUPPORT ! SURVIVORS & FIGURE \T H[ TO DEAL ) ! RAPI/S4 ,!SE COLLECTIVES BECAME ,PHILLY'S ,PISS$ & ,PHILLY ,/&S ,UP1 LONG-/&+ SEP>ATE BUT COLLABORAT+ COLLECTIVES DEVOT$ RESPECTIVELY TO SURVIVOR SUPPORT & ASSAULT] 9T]V5TION4 

,ASSAULT1 ACC\NTABILITY1 & CONS5T BECAME TOPICS AT NE>LY ALL AN>*I/ CONF]5CES & GA!R+S4 ,MANY DI/ROS BEGAN TO C>RY Z9ES ON ! SUBJECT1 T\R+ B&S SPOKE FROM /AGE AB\T IT1 & AN>*I/S 9 MANY O!R CITIES =M$ SUPPORT & ACC\NTABILITY COLLECTIVES4 ,ORGANIZ]S ( MASS MOBILIZATIONS BEGAN TO DEVELOP PLANS = RESPONSE1 CULM9AT+ 9 A FULL-SCALE SEXUAL ASSAULT RESPONSE 9FRA/RUCTURE AT ! ANTI-,G#b CONV]G5CE 9 ,PITTSBUR< 9 #b#i4 

,SO H[ DO ?+S /& TODAY8 ,T]MS SU* AS 0CONS5T10 BE+ 0CALL$ \T10 0ACC\NTABILITY PROCESS10 & 0P]PETRATOR0 >E 9 WIDE USE1 TO ! PO9T ( BECOM+ ! SUBJECT ( JOKES4 ,A GREAT MANY PEOPLE HAVE BE5 CALL$ \T = ABUSIVE BEHAVIOR1 & DOZ5S ( ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES >E ONGO+ 9 V>I\S /AGES4 ,AN ID5TITY POLITICS >\ND ! LABELS 0SURVIVOR0 & 0P]PETRATOR0 HAS EM]G$1 ) SC5ES POL>IZ+ >\ND !M4 ,9 SPITE ( EF=TS TO CAUTION AGA9/ ?IS & 5C\RAGE ALL P>TICIPANTS 9 ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES TO REMA9 SELF-CRITICAL1 !SE LABELS HAVE SOMETIMES BE5 US$ TO LEV]AGE P[]1 DISP5SE OR D5Y LEGITIMACY1 & ]ASE DIFF]5CES 9 EXP]I5CE4 

,PHILLY ,/&S ,UP CONT9UES !IR WORK1 GETT+ PAID BY COLLEGES TO LEAD TRA9+S ON !IR MODEL & FUNCTION+ AS A SORT ( SEMI-=MAL SEXUAL ASSAULT] SURVEILLANCE ORGANIZATION1 ) FOLKS FROM >\ND ! C\NTRY CONTACT+ !M = UPDATES ON DIFF]5T ONGO+ PROCESSES4 ,!Y NETWORK$ ) O!R GR\PS DO+ TRANS=MATIVE JU/ICE WORK AT ! ,U,S ,SOCIAL ,=UM 9 ,DETROIT & HO/$ A ?REE-DAY TRA9+ = COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY ORGANIZ]S 9 ,JANU>Y #b#a#a4 ,NUM]\S O!R SIMIL> COLLECTIVES HAVE BE5 ATTEMPT$ AMONG AN>*I/S 9 O!R CITIES1 ?\< FEW HAVE HAD ! LONGEVITY OR PROM95CE ( ,P,S,U4 ,AS MORE & MORE 9TRA-SC5E COMMUNICATION MOVES ONTO ! 9T]NET1 A NUMB] ( WEBSITES 7MO/ PROM95TLY AN>*I/NEWS4ORG7 HAVE BECOME MAJOR HUBS = %IT-TALK+ >\ND ! POLITICS ( ASSAULT & ACC\NTABILITY4 ,WEBSITES HAVE ALSO APPE>$ GIV+ 9=MATION AB\T SPECIFIC 9DIVIDUALS :O HAVE ASSAULT$ OR ABUS$ O!RS4 

,MO/ AN>*I/ GA!R+S N[ ISSUE GUIDEL9ES AB\T CONS5T & SEXUAL ASSAULT RESPONSE1 & (T5 ADDRESS ! PRES5CE ( PEOPLE 9VOLV$ 9 ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES4 ,BAS$ ON ! POLICIES DEVELOP$ BY SEXUAL ASSAULT RESPONSE ORGANIZ]S AT ! #bi ,PITTSBUR< ANTI-,G#b MOBILIZATION1 ORGANIZ]S AT ! #ba ANTI-,I,M,F MOBILIZATIONS 9 ,WA%+TON ,D,C PO/$ AN ANN\NCEM5T /AT+ 0,NO ,P]PETRATORS ,WELCOME40 ,IT EXPLA9$ ?AT 9 AN EF=T TO MAKE ! DEMOS SAFE = SURVIVORS1 0PEOPLE :O HAVE P]PETRAT$ 9 ! PA/1 PEOPLE RUNN+ AWAY FROM ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES1 & PEOPLE :O REFUSE TO RESPECT ! ,I,M,F ,RESI/ANCE ,NETWORK CONS5T GUIDEL9ES0 W]E PROHIBIT$ FROM ALL ORGANIZ+ SPACES & EV5TS4 ,MORE REC5TLY1 ORGANIZ]S = ! #bab ,TORONTO ,AN>*I/ ,BOOK ,FAIR E*O$ ?IS LANGUAGE BANN+ ALL P]PETRATORS1 BUT ADD$3 

,WE UND]/& & RESPECT ?AT COMMUNITIES HAVE 5GAG$ 9 !IR [N PROCESSES >\ND !SE 9CID5TS4 ,IF Y\ HAVE GONE ?R\< AN ACC\NTABILITY PROCESS & ! SURVIVOR1 JO9$ BY ! COMMUNITY1 FEELS Y\ HAVE SUFFICI5TLY DEALT ) Y\R %IT1 ?IS /ATEM5T DOES NOT 9CLUDE Y\4 

,LIKEWISE1 ! ORGANIZ]S ( ! #bab ,NEW ,YORK ,AN>*I/ ,BOOK ,FAIRBANN$3 

,PEOPLE :O HAVE P]PETRAT$ 9T]-P]SONAL VIOL5CE1 ASSAULT &_/OR H>ASSM5T UNLESS !Y >E ACTIVELY 5GAG$ 9 AN ACC\NTABILITY PROCESS & CURR5TLY 9 COMPLIANCE ) ALL ! T]MS &_/OR DEM&S ( ?AT PROCESS 7ACCORD+ TO ! FACILITATORS1 ! SURVIVOR1 &_/OR :OMEV]'S BE5 DESIGNAT$ TO MONITOR ! AGREEM5TS EM]G+ FROM ! PROCESS74 

,A MAJOR S\RCE ( CONTROV]SY HAS BE5 ! PREEMPTIVE BANN+ ( 9DIVIDUALS :O'VE BE5 CALL$ \T = SEXUAL ASSAULT OR ABUSE FROM AN>*I/ GA!R+S4 ,9 REC5T YE>S1 SURVIVORS & !IR SUPPORT]S HAVE 9CREAS+LY REQUE/$ = P>TICUL> 9DIVIDUALS :O HAVE SEXUALLY ASSAULT$ O!RS TO BE BANN$ FROM UPCOM+ EV5TS4 ,ORGANIZ]S HAVE /RUGGL$ TO PRIORITIZE BELIEV+ SURVIVORS )\T PREEMPTIVELY CONDEMN+ PEOPLE1 & TO BALANCE TRANSP>5CY AGA9/ PRIVACY & AVOID+ RETRAUMATIZATION4 ,AN 9T]NET BR\HAHA EM]G$ :5 A P]SON ONL9E PO/$ AN EMAIL !Y HAD RECEIV$ FROM ORGANIZ]S ( ! ,NEW ,YORK ,AN>*I/ ,BOOK ,FAIR1 ASK+ !M NOT TO ATT5D )\T SPECIFY+ ! REASON4 ,SOME 9T]PRET$ ! EMAIL AS A ,KAFKAESQUE1 AU?ORIT>IAN PRESUMPTION ( GUILT ?R\< ANONYM\S RUMOR1 :ILE O!RS DEF5D$ IT AS AN EF=T TO REMA9 NEUTRAL :ILE ATTEMPT+ TO SECURE A S5SE ( SAFETY = O!R ATT5DEES4 

,:ILE CONTROV]SIES P]SI/ >\ND \R ME?ODS ( RESPONSE TO SEXUAL ASSAULT1 NORMS >\ND SEXUALITY HAVE %IFT$ SIGNIFICANTLY )9 AN>*I/ SC5ES 9 REC5T YE>S4 ,DISC\RSES ( CONS5T HAVE EXP&$1 :ILE 9=MATION AB\T ASSAULT1 SURVIVOR SUPPORT1 & OPTIONS = ACC\NTABILITY HAS BECOME 9CREAS+LY AVAILABLE4 ,?IS HAS NOTICEABLY *ANG$ H[ WE CONDUCT SEXUAL RELATION%IPS1 RELATE TO \R [N BODIES1 & RESPOND TO SURVIVORS4 ,COMP>$ TO PREVI\S YE>S1 MANY AN>*I/S HAVE BECOME MORE CONSCI\S ( SEXUAL P[] DYNAMICS & 9CREAS+LY EMP[]$ TO COMMUNICATE B\ND>IES & DESIRES4 

,H[EV]1 SOMETIMES ABUS]S 9 AN>*I/ COMMUNITIES 0TALK ! TALK0 ( CONS5T & SUPPORT :ILE DO+ ! SAME OLD %IT4 ,AS ! AU?OR ( 0,IS ! ,AN>*I/ ,MAN ,\R ,COMRADE80 *ALL5GES3 

,ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES (T5 DO A LOT ( GOOD BUT SOMETIMES !Y JU/ TEA* M5 H[ TO APPE> UNABUSIVE :5 NO?+'S *ANG$ BUT ! WORDS COM+ \T ( !IR M\?4 ,SURVIVORS & FRI5DS >E LEFT WOND]+ IF SAID MALE IS NO LONG] A ?REAT4 ,EV5TUALLY ! ISSUE REC$ES FROM PEOPLES' M9DS BECAUSE !Y DON'T WANT TO SEEM OV]LY REACTION>Y & DON'T KN[ :AT FUR!R /EPS TO EV5 TAKE & ! P]PETRATOR IS ABLE TO CONT9UE ON 9 !IR LIFE )\T MU* *ANG+4 

,H[ CAN WE PREV5T !SE DISC\RSES FROM BE+ APPROPRIAT$ BY ! S5SITIVE AN>*A-FEM9I/ SEXUAL ASSAULT]8 ,IT SEEMS ?AT ! AVAILABILITY ( COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES HASN'T *ANG$ ! PATT]NS ( BEHAVIOR !Y W]E DEVELOP$ TO ADDRESS4 ,:AT ISN'T WORK+ H]E8 

,T5 ,PITFALLS ( ,COMMUNITY ,ACC\NTABILITY ,PROCESSES 

,TWO IMPORTANT QUALIFICATIONS3 FIR/1 !SE >E PITFALLS ( ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES AS !Y'RE ACTUALLY PRACTIC$1 AS WE'VE EXP]I5C$ !M4 ,SOME ( !SE PITFALLS >5'T 9H]5T TO !SE PROCESSES1 BUT >E SIMPLY MI/AKES COMMONLY MADE BY PEOPLE :O UND]TAKE !M4 ,ONE MI<T RESPOND TO MANY ( !SE CRITIQUES BY SAY+1 0,WELL1 IF PEOPLE ACTUALLY APPLI$ ! MODEL AS IT'S 9T5D$1 ?AT W\LDN'T HAPP540 

,FAIR 5\<2 BUT = ANY SU* MODEL TO BE WIDELY RELEVANT & APPLICABLE1 IT HAS TO BE ROBU/ 5\< TO BE ABLE TO SUCCE$ EV5 :5 CONDITIONS >5'T OPTIMAL1 OR :5 FOLKS DON'T OR CAN'T FOLL[ ! MODEL P]FECTLY4 ,SO BE> 9 M9D ?AT !SE PITFALLS DON'T IMPLY ?AT \R ACC\NTABILITY MODELS >E FUTILE OR DOOM$4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 BECAUSEWE'RE 9VE/$ 9 FIGUR+ \T H[ TO 5D ASSAULT & ABUSE1 WE HAVE TO BE UNFL9*+LY CRITICAL 9 EXAM9+ EF=TS TO DO SO4 

,SECOND1 ! ?+S PEOPLE FREQU5TLY SAY TO AVOID RESPONSIBILITY %\LD NOT BE MI/AK5 = PROBLEMS ) ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES4 ,= EXAMPLE3 0,?IS /UFF DI/RACTS US FROM ! REAL REVOLUTION>Y ISSUES2 IT'S DIVISIVE & HURTS ! MOVEM5T2 HOLD+ PEOPLE ACC\NTABLE IS MANIPULATIVE_/CO]CIVE_/OV]EMPHASIZ$_/A P[] GRAB10 & SO =?4 ,!SE >E NOT PITFALLS ( ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES2 !SE >E PROBLEMS ( PATRI>*Y & ITS SUPPOS$LY AN>*I/ APOLOGI/S4 

,?AT SAID1 H]E >E SOME ( ! MAJOR DIFFICULTIES WE'VE 5C\NT]$ 9 ! PROCESSES WE'VE DEVELOP$ TO HOLD EA* O!R ACC\NTABLE = SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE )9 AN>*I/ SC5ES4 

#a7 ,!RE IS NO CLE> S5SE ( :5 IT'S OV]1 OR :AT CON/ITUTES SUCCESS OR FAILURE4 ,:5 CAN WE SAY DEF9ITIVELY ?AT A C]TA9 P]SON HAS 0WORK$ ON !IR %IT08 ,:AT WILL ALL[ A SURVIVOR & !IR SUPPORT]S TO FEEL COM=TABLE ) SOMEONE CONT9U+ TO P>TICIPATE 9 A %>$ COMMUNITY8 ,:5 EXPECTATIONS >5'T EXPLICIT1 GOALS >5'T CONCRETE1 OR ! TIME-L9E & MEANS ( ASSESSM5T >5'T CLE>1 CONFUSION & FRU/RATION CAN FOLL[ = EV]YONE 9VOLV$4 

,?IS (T5 HAPP5S BECAUSE WE HAVE SO LITTLE EXP]I5CE ) ALT]NATIVE MODES ( RESOLV+ CONFLICT & ADDRESS+ H>M ?AT WE DON'T KN[ :AT TO LOOK =4 ,= 9/ANCE1 EV5 IF A P]SON HAS 0BE5 ACC\NTABLE10 ! SURVIVOR MAY OR MAY NOT NECESS>ILY FEEL BETT]4 ,DOES ?IS DET]M9E ! SUCCESS OR FAILURE ( A PROCESS8 ,IF SOMEONE HAS DONE ALL ! ?+S ASK$ ( !M1 BUT O!RS >5'T SURE IF ! /EPS TAK5 W]E EFFECTIVE1 :AT C\LD CONFIRM ?AT REAL *ANGE HAS TAK5 PLACE8 ,IT MAY OR MAY NOT ACTUALLY BE POSSIBLE TO RE/ORE TRU/ AFT] H>M HAS BE5 DONE2 IF NOT1 ?IS MAY NOT BE ! RI<T TYPE ( PROCESS TO UND]TAKE4 

,LIKEWISE1 PA/ :AT PO9T CAN WE AGREE ?AT SOMEONE HAS ,N,O,T WORK$ ON !IR %IT1 & WE %\LDN'T BO!R WA/+ \R TIME ON IT ANYMORE8 ,SOME ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES DRAG ON = MON?S & YE>S1 DIV]T+ COLLECTIVE 5]GY FROM O!R MORE FULFILL+ & USEFUL 5DS4 ,ONE /UBBORN SEXI/ CAN S\R AN 5TIRE SC5E ON MAK+ GOOD FAI? EF=TS TO HOLD FOLKS ACC\NTABLE--:I* GOES TO %[ H[ IMPORTANT IT IS TO KN[ :5 TO 5D AN ATTEMPT$ PROCESS BE=E IT DRAGS EV]YONE D[N ) IT4 ,IF WE'RE GO+ TO 9VE/ SO MU* TIME & 5]GY 9 !SE PROCESSES1 WE NE$ A WAY TO ASSESS IF IT'S WOR?:ILE1 & :5 TO ADMIT FAILURE4 ,& ?AT REQUIRES DET]M9+ :AT FAILURE W\LD MEAN3 = 9/ANCE1 KICK+ SOMEONE \T ( A SC5E1 TRY+ O!R MODES ( RESPONSE1 OR ADMITT+ TO A SURVIVOR ?AT WE CAN'T 5=CE !IR DEM&S4 

#b7 ,/&>DS = SUCCESS >E UNREALI/IC4 ,= 9/ANCE1 ! COMMON DEM& ?AT SOMEONE WORK ON !IR PROV]BIAL %IT IS EI!R TOO VAGUE TO BE MEAN+FUL1 OR PRACTICALLY TRANSLATES TO A PR(\ND PSY*OLOGICAL TRANS=MATION BEYOND ! B\NDS ( :AT WE CAN A*IEVE4 ,AS ! >TICLE 0,?9K+ ,?R\< ,P]PETRATOR ,ACC\NTABILITY0 PUTS IT3 

,P]PETRATOR ACC\NTABILITY IS NOT AN EASY OR %ORT PROCESS444 ,IT TAKES A LIFELONG COMMITM5T TO *ANGE BEHAVIORS ?AT >E SO DEEPLY +RA9$2 IT REQUIRES CONSI/5T EF=T & SUPPORT4 ,:5 TALK+ AB\T FOLL[-UP1 WE %\LD BE MAK+ S*$ULES = WEEKS1 BUT ALSO TALK+ AB\T *ECK+ 9 AFT] MON?S & YE>S4 ,IT TAKES ?AT K9D ( LONG-LA/+ SUPPORT TO MAKE REAL TRANS=MATION POSSIBLE4 

,LET'S BE FRANK3 IF WE EXPECT PEOPLE TO REMA9 9VOLV$ 9 AN ACC\NTABILITY PROCESS = SOME SCUMBAG !Y DON'T EV5 LIKE = YE>S1& WE EXPECT ?IS AS A NORM = AN 9CREAS+ NUMB] ( PROCESSES = DIFF]5T PEOPLE1 :O MAY OR MAY NOT BE COOP]ATIVE--WE >E NOT SETT+ A REALI/IC /&>D4 

,?AT'S NOT TO SAY ?AT ! >TICLE IS WRONG2 TRANS=MATION ( PATRI>*AL & ABUSIVE BEHAVIOR PATT]NS IS A LIFELONG PROCESS4 ,BUT IS IT REALLY A SURPRISE ?AT WE FAIL TO SU/A9 !SE DIFFICULT1 UNREW>D+ PROCESSES /RET*+ OV] SU* L5G?S ( TIME1 :5 FEW AN>*I/S 9 \R SC5E FOLL[ ?R\< ON LONG-T]M COMMITM5TS TO EV5 \R MO/ F]V5T PASSIONS8 ,:AT CAN WE REALI/ICALLY COMMIT TO DO+8 

#c7 ,WE LACK ! COLLECTIVE ABILITY TO REALIZE MANY DEM&S4 ,WE CAN SAY WE'RE COMMITT$ TO MEET+ SURVIVOR DEM&S1 BUT ?AT'S JU/ EMPTY RHETORIC :5 ?AT W\LD REQUIRE RES\RCES WE DON'T HAVE4 ,DO WE KN[ ( SUITABLY ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN FEM9I/ C\NSELORS & !RAPY PROGRAMS1 & CAN WE PAY = !M :5 ! P]SON CALL$ \T CAN'T8 ,CAN WE 5=CE \R WI%ES ON SOMEONE :O ISN'T COOP]ATIVE--& AS AN>*I/S1 %\LD WE8 ,:AT CONSEQU5CES CAN WE 5ACT ?AT ACTUALLY MATT]8 ,9 A TRANSI5T SUBCULTURE1 CAN WE REALI/ICALLY COMMIT TO FOLL[+ UP ) SOMEONE = YE>S 9TO ! FUTURE1 & E/ABLI%+ /RUCTURES ( SUPPORT & ACC\NTABILITY ?AT WILL LA/ ?AT LONG8 

,ONE PHRASE COMMONLY US$ 9 SURVIVOR DEM&S & SUPPORT DISC\RSE IS 0SAFE SPACE10 ?AT EV]-ELUSIVE PLACE 9 :I* SURVIVORS WILL BE ABLE TO FEEL COM=TABLE & FULLY RE9TEGRAT$ 9TO COLLECTIVE LIFE4 ,:AT DOES SAFETY MEAN8 ,IS IT SOME?+ ?AT WE CAN PROMISE8 ,FROM READ+ ! POLICIES ( REC5T AN>*I/ GA!R+S1 IT APPE>S ?AT ! PRIM>Y ME?OD ( SECUR+ SAFE SPACE 9VOLVES EXCLUD+ PEOPLE :O HAVE H>M$ O!RS4 ,BUT SAFETY MEANS MORE ?AN QU>ANT9+ ?OSE :O HAVE RUPTUR$ IT = P>TICUL> PEOPLE1 S9CE RAPE CULTURE & PATRI>*Y SUFFUSE ALL ( \R LIVES--!Y'RE NOT JU/ ! RESULT ( A FEW BAD APPLES4 ,:ILE EXCLUSION CAN %IELD SURVIVORS FROM ! /RESS ( %>+ SPACE ) PEOPLE :O'VE H>M$ !M1 & HELP TO PROTECT FOLKS 9 \R COMMUNITY FROM REPEAT$LY ABUSIVE PEOPLE1 EXCLUSION FALLS PA9FULLY %ORT ( SAFETY4 ,9 FACT WE MAY RELY ON BANN+ O!RS FROM SPACES LESS BECAUSE IT KEEPS PEOPLE SAFE ?AN BECAUSE IT'S ONE ( ! ONLY SAFETY-RELAT$ DEM&S WE CAN ACTUALLY 5=CE4 

,9 ! ESSAY 0,SAFETY IS AN ,ILLUSION10 ,ANGU/IA ,CELE/E CONDEMNS ! 0FALSE PROMISES ( SAFE SPACE03 

,WE CAN'T PROVIDE SURVIVORS SAFE SPACE2 SAFE SPACE 9 A G5]AL S5SE1 \TSIDE ( CLOSE FRI5D%IPS1 SOME FAMILY & ! OCCASIONAL AFF9ITY1 JU/ DOESN'T EXI/444 !RE IS NO SU* ?+ AS SAFE SPACE UND] PATRI>*Y OR CAPITALISM 9 LI<T ( ALL ! SEXI/1 HET]O-NORMATIVE1 RACI/1 CLASSI/ 7ETC47 DOM9ATION ?AT WE LIVE UND]4 ,! MORE WE TRY & PRET5D SAFETY CAN EXI/ AT A COMMUNITY LEVEL1 ! MORE DISAPPO9T$ & BETRAY$ \R FRI5DS & LOV]S WILL BE :5 !Y EXP]I5CE VIOL5CE & DO NOT GET SUPPORT$4 

,:AT W\LD G5U9E SAFETY = SURVIVORS & = ALL ( US LOOK LIKE8 ,>E !RE O!R /RATEGIES 9 ?AT DIRECTION ?AT WE CAN 5ACT BEYOND EXCLUSION & O/RACISM8.<#a.> 

#d7 ,WE LACK SKILLS 9 C\NSEL+1 M$IATION1 & CONFLICT RESOLUTION4,(T5 SURVIVOR DEM&S 9CLUDE F9D+ A C\NSELOR OR M$IATOR4 ,TO BE EFFECTIVE1 ?IS P]SON %\LD BE WILL+ TO WORK = FREE OR ON A SLID+ SCALE2 HOLD ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN POLITICS & A SURVIVOR-CONSCI\S FEM9I/ ANALYSIS2 HAVE ! TIME & 5]GY TO TAKE AN ACTIVE ROLE 9 WORK+ ) SOMEONE OV] A LONG P]IOD ( TIME2 & BE CLOSE 5\< TO ! COMMUNITY TO UND]/& ITS NORMS1 )\T BE+ DIRECTLY 9VOLV$ 9 ! SITUATION4 ,H[ MANY ( !SE PEOPLE >E !RE8 ,H[ MANY ( US EV5 HAVE BASIC ACTIVE LI/5+ SKILLS1 LET ALONE ! ABILITY TO NAVIGATE COMPLEX DYNAMICS ( CONS5T & ASSAULT1 PATRI>*AL CONDITION+1 ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN CONFLICT RESOLUTION1 & PSY*OLOGICAL TRANS=MATION8 ,& = ?OSE FEW :O DO FIT ! BILL1 OR AT LEA/ COME CLOSE1 H[ MANY >5'T ALREADY SWAMP$ & OV]:ELM$8 

,P]HAPS ?IS IS EV]YONE'S FAULT = NOT COLLECTIVELY PRIORITIZ+ !SE SKILL SETS4 ,F9E1 BUT :AT DO WE DO RI<T N[8 ,& H[ DO WE AVOID CREAT+ A DIVISION ( LABOR :]E FOLKS ) A C]TA9 SET ( SKILLS OR L+O BECOME AK9 TO AU?ORITIES )9 AN>*I/ V]SIONS ( JUDICIAL PROCESSES8 

#e7 ,?IS /UFF DEPRESSES PEOPLE & BURNS !M \T4 ,IT'S 9T5SE1 EMOTIONALLY DRA9+ WORK TO 5GAGE 9 COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY1 (T5 ) LITTLE APPRECIATION OR COMP5SATION4 ,IT CAN BE EXHAU/+ & UNREW>D+1 P>TICUL>LY :5 ! PROCESSES R>ELY SUCCE$ 9 KEEP+ A COMMUNITY 9TACT :ILE SATISFY+ ALL P>TICIPANTS4 ,! GRAVITY ( ! WORK SC>ES PEOPLE (F1 & UND]/&ABLY SO4 

,?IS ISN'T TO SAY ?AT WE %\LD TRY TO MAKE COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY = SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE FUN & LI<!>T$4 ,BUT WE NE$ TO ACKN[L$GE ?AT ?IS IS A B>RI] TO PEOPLE /EPP+ UP & /AY+ COMMITT$ = ! LONG-T]M 9VOLVEM5T WE'RE SAY+ IS NECESS>Y = SUCCESS4 ,& !SE PROBLEMS >E MAGNIFI$ :5 WE RELY ON SKILLS & EXP]I5CE ?AT ONLY A FEW PEOPLE 9 \R CIRCLES HAVE4 

#f7 ,ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES SUCK UP DISPROPORTIONATE TIME & 5]GY4 ,NONE ( US SIGN$ UP = AN>*Y BECAUSE WE LOVE P>TICIPAT+ 9 EXHAU/+1 9T]M9ABLE PROCESSES TO ADDRESS ! /UPID WAYS PEOPLE HURT EA* O!R )9 \R SUBCULTURAL BUBBLES4 ,WE BECAME AN>*I/S BECAUSE WE HATE COPS1 BECAUSE WE LOVE PUNK %[S1 BECAUSE WE WANT A FRE] WORLD1 & = A MILLION O!R REASONS4 ,:5 WE SP5D SO MU* TIME & 5]GY TRY+ TO RESOLVE 9T]NAL CONFLICTS & CONV9CE 9TRANSIG5T SEXI/S TO TAKE RESPONSIBILITY = *ANG+ !IR BEHAVIOR1 WE RISK CUTT+ \RSELVES (F FROM ! PASSIONS ?AT BR\<T US TOGE!R 9 ! FIR/ PLACE4 

,IT'S EASY TO GET DEMORALIZ$ AB\T AN>*I/ POLITICS :5 WE CAN'T EV5 /OP ASSAULT+ EA* O!R1 LET ALONE SMA% ! /ATE & ABOLI% CAPITALISM4 ,IT'S NOT ?AT WORK+ TO 5D SEXUAL ASSAULT & PATRI>*Y IS NOT REVOLUTION>Y--ON ! CONTR>Y6 ,BUT IF ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES8P>TICUL>LY FRU/RAT+ & UNSUCCESSFUL ONES8COME TO OCCUPY TOO MU* ( \R COLLECTIVE 5]GY1 WE'RE NOT LIKELY TO /AY 5GAG$ & BR+ NEW FOLKS 9TO \R /RUGGLES4 

,WE CAN'T SWEEP ASSAULT & ABUSE UND] ! RUG & SIL5CE SURVIVORS 9 ! NAME ( FALSE UNITY4 ,?IS PREVI\S NORM P]PETUAT$ OPPRESSION & MADE US LESS EFFECTIVE ALL >\ND1 PROMPT+ COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY EF=TS TO EM]GE 9 ! FIR/ PLACE4 ,WE HAVE TO F9D A WAY TO DEAL ) \R ABUSIVE BEHAVIOR ?AT DOESN'T SWALL[ UP ALL ( \R 5]GY & DEMORALIZE US4 

#g7 ,SUBCULTURAL BONDS >E WEAK 5\< ?AT PEOPLE JU/ DROP \T4,BE> 9 M9D ?AT MANY ( ! LESS CO]CIVE MODELS ( RE/ORATIVE JU/ICE ON :I* COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY FRAMEWORKS >E BAS$ ORIG9AT$ 9 SMALL]-SCALE 9DIG5\S SOCIETIES1 ) /RONG] SOCIAL & CULTURAL AFF9ITIES ?AN MO/ ANY ( US 9 ! CURR5T ,UNIT$ ,/ATES CAN IMAG9E4 ,! NOTION ?AT WE %\LD ATTEMPT TO PRES]VE ! COMMUNITY & ALL[ FOLKS :O'VE HURT O!RS TO REMA9 9TEGRAT$ 9TO IT RELIES ON ! ASSUMPTION ?AT ALL P>TIES >E 9VE/$ 5\< 9 ?IS 0COMMUNITY0 TO 5DURE ! SCRUT9Y & DIFFICULT FEEL+S ?AT ACCOMPANY GO+ ?R\< AN ACC\NTABILITY PROCESS4 ,! AFF9ITIES ?AT DRAW PEOPLE 9TO PUNK & AN>*I/ SC5ES (T5 >5'T /RONG 5\< TO KEEP PEOPLE ROOT$ :5 !Y FEEL ?REAT5$ BY :AT !Y'RE ASK$ TO DO4 ,FOLKS :O'VE BE5 CALL$ \T (T5 JU/ PICK UP & LEAVE T[N1 SOMETIMES EV5 PREEMPTIVELY BE=E !Y'RE CALL$ TO ACC\NT = !IR %ITTY BEHAVIOR4 ,%ORT ( COMMUNICAT+ ) SIMIL> SOCIAL NETWORKS 9 ! ASSAULT]'S NEW DE/9ATION 7:I* HAPP5S 9CREAS+LY (T571 !RE'S NOT MU* WE CAN DO TO PREV5T ?AT4 ,:5 ! PRIM>Y CONSEQU5CES WE CAN EXACT = NONCOMPLIANCE ) ACC\NTABILITY DEM&S 9VOLVE =MS ( O/RACISM & EXCLUSION1 PEOPLE WILL AVOID !SE BY SKIPP+ T[N OR DROPP+ \T4.<#b.> 

#h7 ,COLLECTIVE NORMS 5C\RAGE & EXCUSE UNACC\NTABLE BEHAVIOR4 ,\R 9DIVIDUAL *OICES ALWAYS OCCUR 9 A SOCIAL CONTEXT1 & SOME ( ! COLLECTIVE NORMS ( AN>*I/ SC5ES FACILITATE1 IF NOT DIRECTLY JU/IFY1 K9DS ( BEHAVIOR ?AT HAVE (T5 L$ TO B\ND>Y-CROSS+ & CALL+ \T4 

,= EXAMPLE1 9 MANY AN>*I/ SC5ES1 A CULTURE ( 9TOXICATION PR$OM9ATES & MO/ SOCIAL GA!R+S C5T] >\ND ALCOHOL & DRUG USE4 ,FEW SAFEGU>DS EXI/ :5 FOLKS DR9K OR USE TO EXCESS1 & FEW ALT]NATIVE SPACES EXI/ = ?OSE :O WANT TO /OP OR R$UCE !IR DR9K+ OR US+ )\T LOS+ !IR SOCIAL LIVES4 ,HUMOR & CONV]SATION NORMS RE9=CE ! NOTION ?AT EXTREME DRUNK5NESS IS NORMAL & FUNNY1 & ?AT PEOPLE >E LESS RESPONSIBLE = !IR ACTIONS :ILE DRUNK !N :ILE SOB]4 ,WEEK5D AFT] WEEK5D1 WE CREATE HI<LY SEXUALIZ$ SPACES ) /RONG PRESSURE TO GET 9TOXICAT$1 RESULT+ 9 GR\PS ( PEOPLE TOO DRUNK OR HI< TO GIVE OR RECEIVE SOLID CONS5T4.<#c.> ,!N 9 ! AFT]MA? ( ! H>M CAUS$ 9 ?OSE SITUATIONS1 WE EXPECT 9DIVIDUALS TO DEAL ) ! CONSEQU5CES ( !IR *OICES ON !IR [N1 RA!R ?AN ALL ( US TAK+ RESPONSIBILITY = ! COLLECTIVE CONTEXT ?AT NORMALIZES !IR BEHAVIOR4 

,( C\RSE1 NONE ( !SE DYNAMICS EXCUSE ABUSE4 ,BUT SEXUAL ASSAULT TAKES PLACE 9 A SOCIAL CONTEXT1 & COMMUNITIES CAN TAKE OR AVOID RESPONSIBILITY = ! K9DS ( BEHAVIOR \R SOCIAL NORMS 5C\RAGE4 ,ALCOHOL & DRUG USE IS JU/ ONE EXAMPLE ( A GR\P NORM ?AT EXCUSES UNACC\NTABLE BEHAVIOR4 ,O!R 5TR5*$ DYNAMICS ?AT FOLKS SEEK+ ACC\NTABILITY HAVE CIT$ AS H9D]+ !IR EF=TS 9CLUDE ! IDOLIZATION ( SC5E CELEBRITIES 7PEOPLE 9 POPUL> B&S1 R5[N$ ACTIVI/S1 ETC472 ! NOTION ?AT SEXUAL & ROMANTIC RELATION%IPS >E 0PRIVATE0 & NOT ! BUS9ESS ( ANYONE \TSIDE ( !M2 & ! BELIEF ?AT GR\PS :O FACE SY/EMATIC OPPRESSION 7SU* AS QUE]S & PEOPLE ( COLOR7 %\LDN'T 0AIR ! DIRTY LAUNDRY0 ( 9TRA-COMMUNITY VIOL5CE1 S9CE IT C\LD BE US$ TO FUR!R DEMONIZE !M4 

,>E WE WILL+ TO EXAM9E & *ALL5GE \R GR\P NORMS ON A COLLECTIVE LEVEL1 TO SEE H[ !Y PROMOTE OR DISC\RAGE ACC\NTABLE BEHAVIOR8 ,IS IT POSSIBLE TO HOLD 5TIRE SC5ES COLLECTIVELY ACC\NTABLE = :AT WE CONDONE OR EXCUSE8 ,ATTEMPT+ TO HOLD A :OLE GR\P ( PEOPLE ACC\NTABLE 9 SOME /RUCTUR$ WAY W\LD LIKELY MULTIPLY ALL ( ! PROBLEMS WE EXP]I5CE ) ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES ORI5T$ >\ND A S+LE P]SON4 ,YET )\T ACKN[L$G+ & *ALL5G+ \R COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY1 HOLD+ 9DIVIDUALS ACC\NTABLE WON'T BE 5\<4 

#i7 ,! RESIDUE ( ! ADV]S>IAL JU/ICE SY/EM TA9TS \R APPLICATION ( COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY MODELS4 ,SOME ( ! MO/ VITRIOLIC BACKLA% AGA9/ ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES HAS BE5 DIRECT$ AT !IR PSEUDO-JUDICIAL NATURE4 ,ON ! ONE H&1 FOLKS :O'VE H>M$ O!RS R>ELY HAVE EXP]I5CE BE+ CALL$ TO ACC\NT = !IR BEHAVIOR EXCEPT VIA AU?ORIT>IAN SY/EMS2 ATTEMPTS TO DO SO (T5 PROMPT ACCUSATIONS ( 0WIT*-HUNTS10 0AU?ORIT>IANISM10 & COP_/JUDGE_/LAWY]_/PRISON GU>D-LIKE BEHAVIOR4 ,PREVI\SLY ANTI-/ATE MILITANTS (T5 DO MIRACUL\S TURN>\NDS1 SUDD5LY BECOM+ EXTREMELY 9T]E/$ 9 ! ,U,S GOV]NM5T'S GU>ANTEES ( 0JU/ICE03 0,:ATEV] HAPP5$ TO 9NOC5T UNTIL PROV5 GUILTY1 MAN8 ,DON'T ,I GET A FAIR TRIAL8 ,CAN'T ,I DEF5D MYSELF8 ,LI/5 TO MY *>ACT] WITNESSES60 

,ON ! O!R H&1 FOLKS PURSU+ ACC\NTABILITY HAVE RECEIV$ SIMIL> CONDITION+ 9TO ADV]S>IAL CONFLICT RESOLUTION1 SO IT CAN BE V]Y EASY TO FALL 9TO ?AT MODE ( FRAM+ ! PROCESS--ESPECIALLY :5 FAC$ ) AN 9FURIAT+LY /UBBORN AN>*O-RAPI/4 ,SOME P>TICIPANTS HAVE US$ ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES AS A WAY TO ?REAT5 CONSEQU5CES OR LEV]AGE P[] OV] O!RS4 ,:ILE ?IS MAY BE AN UND]/&ABLE RESPONSE TO ! FRU/RATION & P[]LESSNESS (T5 FELT 9 ! AFT]MA? ( ABUSE & ASSAULT1 IT CAN UND]M9E ATTEMPTS TO PURSUE NON-ADV]S>IAL SOLUTIONS4 

,A DAMN+ CRITIQUE ( ! FAILURE ( AN>*I/ ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES TO ESCAPE ! LOGIC ( ! LEGAL SY/EM COMES 9 A COMMUNIQUEEXPLA9+ :Y A GR\P ( WOM5 PHYSICALLY CONFRONT$ A SEXUAL ASSAULT]3 

,WE DID :AT HAD TO BE DONE \T ( %E] NECESSITY4 ,AS RADICALS1 WE KN[ ! LEGAL SY/EM IS 5TR5*$ 9 BULL%IT--MANY LAWS & LEGAL PROCESSES >E RACI/1 CLASSI/1 HET]OSEXI/ & MISOGYNI/4 ,ALT]NATIVE ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES1 MU* LIKE ! TRADITIONAL ONES1 (T5 =CE ! SURVIVOR TO RELIVE ! TRAUMA ( ! ASSAULT & =CE H] TO PUT H] REPUTATION--A PROBLEMATIC CONCEPT 9 ITSELF--ON ! L9E AS 0PRO(0 ( H] CR$IBILITY4 ,!Y 5D UP BE+ AN 9EFFECTIVE RECREATION ( ! JUDICIAL PROCESS ?AT LEAVES ! P]PETRATOR (F ! HOOK1 :ILE ! SURVIVOR HAS TO LIVE ?R\< ! MEMORY ( ! ASSAULT = ! RE/ ( H] LIFE4 ,! ,U,S LEGAL SY/EM & ! ALT]NATIVE COMMUNITY-BAS$ ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES >E SIMPLY NOT GOOD 5\< = SURVIVORS1 & C]TA9LY NOT REVOLUTION>Y4 

#a7 ,SEXUAL ASSAULT ACC\NTABILITY LANGUAGE & ME?ODS >E US$ 9 SITUATIONS = :I* !Y W]E NOT 9T5D$4 ,ONE EXAMPLE ( ?IS MISAPPLICATION 9VOLVES ! WIDESPREAD USE ( ! PR9CIPLE ( RAPE CRISIS SURVIVOR SUPPORT SPECIFY+ ?AT SUPPORT]S %\LD 0ALWAYS BELIEVE ! SURVIVOR40 ,?IS MAKES P]FECT S5SE 9 A RAPE CRISIS ORGANIZATION SETT+1 SOLELY FOCUS$ ON PROVID+ EMOTIONAL SUPPORT & S]VICES TO AN 9DIVIDUAL :O'S EXP]I5C$ A =M ( TRAUMA ?AT IS WIDELY DISBELIEV$1 :5 BE+ BELIEV$ IS 9/RUM5TAL TO ! HEAL+ PROCESS4 ,BUT ?IS DOESN'T MAKE S5SE AS A BASIS = CONFLICT RESOLUTION4 ,9 RAPE CRISIS C\NSEL+ SETT+S1 OR :5 SOMEONE DISCLOSES TO Y\ AS A TRU/$ FRI5D SEEK+ SUPPORT1 ! FOCUS %\LD REMA9 ON ! NE$S ( ! SURVIVOR4 ,BUT TRANS=MATIVE JU/ICE 9VOLVES TAK+ 9TO ACC\NT ! NE$S & ?US ! EXP]I5CES & P]SPECTIVES ( ALL P>TIES 9VOLV$1 9CLUD+ ! P]SON :O ASSAULT$4 

,?IS DOES NOT MEAN ?AT WE HAVE TO FIGURE \T :O'S TELL+ ! TRU? & :O'S LY+2 ?AT'S ! RESIDUE ( ! ADV]S>IAL SY/EM AGA94 ,NOR DOES ?IS MEAN ?AT ALL P]SPECTIVES >E EQUALLY VALID & NO ONE IS RI<T OR WRONG4 ,IT DOES MEAN ?AT TO 5C\RAGE SOMEONE TO BE ACC\NTABLE1 WE HAVE TO BE WILL+ TO MEET !M :]E !Y'RE AT1 :I* MEANS ACCEPT+ ?AT ONE P]SON'S EXP]I5CE CAN V>Y SIGNIFICANTLY FROM ?AT ( SOMEONE ELSE4 ,BE+ ACC\NTABLE REQUIRES BE+ OP5 TO ! POSSIBILITY ?AT ONE IS WRONG1 OR AT M9IMUM ?AT SOMEONE ELSE C\LD EXP]I5CE ! SAME EV5T 9 A DRAMATICALLY DIFF]5T1 HURTFUL WAY4 ,BUT HAV+ ! SURVIVOR 5TIRELY DEF9E ! OP]AT+ REALITY MAY NOT L5D ITSELF TO ?IS MODE ( COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY4 

,ANO!R EXAMPLE ( ! OV]USE & MISAPPLICATION ( SEXUAL ASSAULT ACC\NTABILITY DISC\RSE COMES :5 PEOPLE CALL O!RS 9TO ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES = A WIDE RANGE ( BEHAVIORS ?AT >5'T SEXUAL ASSAULT4 ,= 9/ANCE1 IF SOMEONE FEELS ANGRY & HURT AFT] ! BREAKUP ( A NON-ABUSIVE RELATION%IP1 IT MI<T BE TEMPT+ TO FRAME !IR GRIEVANCES ?R\< ! L5S ( CALL+ SOMEONE \T & DEM&+ ACC\NTABILITY4 ,IT C\LD TAKE ! =M ( DEM&+ ?AT SOMEONE BE BANN$ FROM C]TA9 SPACES1 DRAW+ ON ! GRAVITY ?IS EX]TS AS A COMMON ACC\NTABILITY PROCESS DEM&4 ,IT'S UND]/&ABLE ?AT FOLKS :O FEEL ANGRY OR HURT = ANY NUMB] ( REASONS MI<T WANT ! K9D ( 9/ANT VALIDATION ( !IR FEEL+S ?AT CAN COME 79 SOME CIRCLES7 FROM FRAM+ ONE'S HURT & ANG] AS A CALL-\T REQUIR+ 0ACC\NTABILITY0--:E!R OR NOT ?AT PROCESS & LANGUAGE MAKES S5SE = ! SITUATION4.<#d.> 

,?IS IS DANG]\S NOT ONLY BECAUSE !SE T]MS & TACTICS W]E DESIGN$ = C]TA9 TYPES ( CONFLICTS & NOT O!RS1 BUT ALSO BECAUSE !IR OV]USE MAY TRIVIALIZE !M & LEAD O!RS TO TREAT DISMISSIVELY ! V]Y S]I\S SITUATIONS ( ASSAULT & ABUSE = :I* !Y W]E DEVELOP$4 ,IT'S 5C\RAG+ ?AT ISSUES ( SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE HAVE 5T]$ SO WIDELY 9TO ! DISC\RSES ( RADICAL COMMUNITIES4 ,BUT WE %\LD BE C>EFUL TO AVOID G5]ALIZ+ ! ME?ODS DEVELOP$ = RESPOND+ TO ONE SPECIFIC SET ( CONFLICTS & OPPRESSIVE BEHAVIORS TO O!R SITUATIONS = :I* !Y W]5'T 9T5D$4 

,9 SOME CASES1 FOLKS FRU/RAT$ BY SOMEONE'S PROBLEMATIC BEHAVIOR HAVE EV5 FELT RELUCTANT TO CALL ! P]SON \T ON IT = FE> ( ?AT P]SON BE+ LABEL$ A 0P]PETRATOR10 OR ( O!RS PRESUM+ ! HURTFUL BUT MILD =M ( NON-CONS5SUAL BEHAVIOR TO HAVE BE5 SEXUAL ASSAULT1 & ?US ! P]SON ADDRESS+ IT TO BE A 0SURVIVOR40 ,:5 ?IS OV]USE ( SEXUAL ASSAULT ACC\NTABILITY LANGUAGE DOVETAILS ) ! ID5TITY POLITICS >\ND SURVIVOR_/P]PETRATOR & POLICIES SU* AS ! 0NO P]PS ALL[$0 /ATEM5T1 ?IS EF=T TO PROMOTE ACC\NTABILITY C\LD 5D UP DISC\RAG+ PEOPLE FROM SPEAK+ \T AGA9/ O!R =MS ( CRUMMY BEHAVIOR1 = FE> ( SOMEONE BE+ P]MAN5TLY T>R$ ) ! 0P]P0 BRU% RA!R ?AN HAV+ A FEW CONV]SATIONS1 APOLOGIZ+1 & READ+ A Z9E4 

,NEW ,DIRECTIONS & ,FUR!R ,QUE/IONS 

,SO :]E DO WE GO FROM H]E8 ,! WIDESPREAD DISILLUSIONM5T ) ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES SUGGE/S ?AT WE'VE REA*$ AN IMPASSE4 ,WE'RE PROPOS+ F\R POSSIBLE PA?S TO EXPLORE--NOT AS SOLUTIONS TO !SE PITFALLS SO MU* AS DIRECTIONS = EXP]IM5T+ TO SEE IF !Y CAN LEAD TO SOME?+ NEW4 

,DIRECTION #a3 ,SURVIVOR-,L$ ,VIGILANTISM 

0,I WANT$ REV5GE4 ,I WANT$ TO MAKE HIM FEEL AS \T ( CONTROL1 SC>$ & VULN]ABLE AS HE HAD MADE ME FEEL4 ,!RE IS NO SAFETY REALLY AFT] A SEXUAL ASSAULT1 BUT !RE CAN BE CONSEQU5CES40 -,ANGU/IA ,CELE/E1 0,SAFETY IS AN ,ILLUSION3 ,REFLECTIONS ON ,ACC\NTABILITY0 

,TWO SITUATIONS 9 :I* PROM95T AN>*I/ M5 W]E CONFRONT$ & ATTACK$ BY GR\PS ( WOM5 9 ,NEW ,YORK & ,SANTA ,CRUZ MADE WAVES 9 AN>*I/ CIRCLES 9 #b#a4 ,! DEBATES ?AT UNFOLD$ ACROSS \R SC5ES 9 RESPONSE TO ! ACTIONS REVEAL$ A WIDESPREAD S5SE ( FRU/RATION ) EXI/+ ME?ODS ( ADDRESS+ SEXUAL ASSAULT 9 AN>*I/ SC5ES4 ,PHYSICAL CONFRONTATION ISN'T A NEW /RATEGY2 IT WAS ONE ( ! WAYS SURVIVORS RESPOND$ TO !IR ABUS]S BE=E COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY DISC\RSE BECAME WIDESPREAD 9 AN>*I/ CIRCLES4 ,AS ACC\NTABILITY /RATEGIES DEVELOP$1 MANY REJECT$ PHYSICAL CONFRONTATION BECAUSE IT HADN'T WORK$ TO /OP RAPE OR KEEP PEOPLE SAFE4 ,! TR5D ( SURVIVOR-L$ VIGILANTISM ACCOMPANI$ BY COMMUNIQUESCRITIQU+ ACC\NTABILITY PROCESS MODELS REFLECTS ! P[]LESSNESS & DESP]ATION FELT BY SURVIVORS1 :O >E SE>*+ = ALT]NATIVES 9 ! FACE ( ! FUTILITY ( ! O!R AVAILABLE OPTIONS4 

,H[EV]1 SURVIVOR-L$ VIGILANTISM CAN BE A VALID RESPONSE TO SEXUAL ASSAULT REG>DLESS ( ! EXI/5CE ( ALT]NATIVES4 ,ONE DOESN'T NE$ TO FEEL P[]LESS OR S5SE ! FUTILITY ( O!R OPTIONS TO TAKE DECISIVE PHYSICAL ACTION AGA9/ ONE'S ABUS]4 ,?IS APPROA* (F]S SEV]AL ADVANTAGES4 ,= ONE1 9 />K CONTRA/ TO MANY ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES1 IT SETS REALI/IC GOALS & SUCCE$S AT !M4 ,IT CAN FEEL MORE EMP[]+ & FULFILL+ ?AN A LONG1 FREQU5TLY TRIGG]+1 OV]LY AB/RACT PROCESS4 ,WOM5 CAN USE CONFRONTATIONS TO BUILD COLLECTIVE P[] T[>DS O!R CONC]T$ ANTI-PATRI>*AL ACTION4 ,PHYSICAL CONFRONTATION S5DS AN UNAMBIGU\S MESSAGE ?AT SEXUAL ASSAULT IS UNACCEPTABLE4 ,IF SEXUAL VIOL5CE IMPR9TS PATRI>*Y ON ! BODIES ( WOM51 TAK+ REV5GE EMBODIES FEMALE RESI/ANCE4 ,ABOVE ALL1 IT'S UNM$IAT$2 AS ! AU?OR ( ! >TICLE 0,NOTES ON ,SURVIVOR ,AUTONOMY & ,VIOL5CE0 WROTE3 

,A COMMON CRITICISM ( ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES ( ALL V>IETIES IS !IR T5D5CY TO MIRROR SOME SORT ( JUDICIAL SY/EM--/RUCTUR$ M$IATION T[>D REHABILITATION OR PUNI%M5T ( ONE K9D OR ANO!R4 ,:ILE AN \TCOME DICTAT$ BY ! SURVIVOR IS C]TA9LY NOT AK9 TO ONE DICTAT$ BY ! /ATE1 ! PROCESS REMA9S A M$IATION4 ,CONV]SELY1 TO MOVE AWAY FROM ?IS JUDICI>Y IS TO REJECT M$IATION1 A REMNANT ( ! IDEA ?AT \R 9T]ACTIONS MU/ BE SOMEH[ GUID$ BY ?IRD P>TIES1 EV5 ?IRD P>TIES WE *OOSE \RSELVES4 ,TO ?AT 5D1 AN ATTACK ON ONE'S RAPI/ IS UNM$IAT$ & DIRECT1 PRECISELY ?AT :I* ANY JUDICIAL SY/EM =BIDS2 ! L9E BETWE5 DESIRE & ACTION IS ]AS$4 

,( C\RSE1 !RE >E PL5TY ( DISADVANTAGES TO VIGILANTISM1 TOO4 ,*OOS+ TO ESCALATE ! SITUATION BR+S S]I\S RISKS1 BO? LEGALLY & PHYSICALLY4 ,COPS >E MORE LIKELY TO BR+ *>GES = A GR\P PHYSICAL ASSAULT ON A MAN ?AN AN 0ALLEG$0 SEXUAL ASSAULT4 ,&1 AS ADVOCATES = BATT]$ WOM5 KN[1 P>TN] VIOL5CE HAS A V]Y REAL POSSIBILITY TO TURN DEADLY2 MORE WOM5 >E KILL$ BY !IR P>TN]S ?AN BY ANY O!R TYPE ( ATTACK]4 ,BEYOND ! IMM$IATE RISKS1 Y\ CAN'T BEAT UP A SOCIAL RELATION%IP1 AS !Y SAY2 ?ROTTL+ AN 9DIVIDUAL SCUMBAG DOESN'T DO MU* TO MAKE ANYONE SAF] OR 5D SY/EMATIC RAPE CULTURE1 H[EV] SATISFY+ IT MAY FEEL TO A V9DICAT$ SURVIVOR4 ,AS M5TION$ ABOVE1 ! DESIRE TO ADDRESS ! ROOTS ( RAPE CULTURE 9 RESPOND+ TO 9DIVIDUAL ASSAULTS HELP$ GIVE RISE TO COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY EF=TS 9 ! FIR/ PLACE4 

,!RE'S ALSO A LEGACY ( NON-SURVIVOR-ACC\NTABLE VIGILANTISM1 A TYPE ( MALE VIOL5CE ?AT HAS BE5 WIDELY ID5TIFI$ BY SURVIVORS & AN>*I/ WOM5 AS BE+ MORE AB\T MASCUL9E EGO TRIPS ?AN PROMOT+ HEAL+ & SAFETY4 ,A CRITIQUE ( ?IS PH5OM5ON COMES FROM ,SUPPORT+ A ,SURVIVOR ( ,SEXUAL ,ASSAULT1 A Z9E ORI5T$ T[>DS MALE ALLIES ( SURVIVORS1 9 ITS DISCUSSION ( ! PR9CIPLE 0,NO ,MORE ,VIOL5CE03 

,IS KICK+ A RAPI/'S ASS GO+ TO MAKE ! RAPE NOT HAVE HAPP5$8 ,WILL HIS PA9 MAKE ! SURVIVOR'S GO AWAY8 ,DOES ! SURVIVOR NE$ TO BE TRY+ TO *ILL \T ANO!R \T-(-CONTROL1 VIOL5T MAN8 ,PROBABLY NOT4 

,S9CE NON-TRANS M5 COMMIT ! OV]:ELM+ MAJORITY 7SOME SAY OV] #i#i.07 ( SEXUAL ASSAULTS1 M5 :O >E SUPPORT+ A SURVIVOR NE$ TO BE ESPECIALLY CONSCI\S ( ! IMPACT ( MALE VIOL5CE4 ,IT IS MALE VIOL5CE ?AT CAUSES RAPE1 NOT :AT 5DS IT4 ,Y\R ACTIONS MU/ BE ?OSE ( 5D+ MALE VIOL5CE4 

,WE CANNOT SPEAK = ! RESPONSES ?AT SURVIVORS1 WOM5 9 P>TICUL>1 MAY MAKE TO RAPE4 ,IF WOM51 AS A MAJORITY ( SURVIVORS1 DECIDE TO COLLECTIVELY RESPOND 9 A WAY ?AT 9VOLVES VIOL5CE OR ASK+ MALE SUPPORT]S TO P>TICIPATE 9 VIOL5CE2 ?AT IS SOME?+ = WOM5 & SURVIVORS TO WORK \T = !MSELVES4 ,= M5 :O >E SUPPORT+ A SURVIVOR1 H[EV]1 IT IS ABSOLUTELY ESS5TIAL ?AT Y\ PUT ASIDE Y\R DESIRES = MASCUL9E RETRIBUTION & 9T]RUPT ! CYCLE ( MALE VIOL5CE444 ,IT IS NOT Y\R RESPONSIBILITY1 OR RI<T1 TO COME 9 VIGILANTE-/YLE & TAKE MATT]S 9TO Y\R [N H&S4 

,?IS CRITIQUE 9FLU5C$ ! DECISION ( GR\PS LIKE ,D,W,O,S 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS TO ADOPT 0NONVIOL5CE0 AS A PR9CIPLE4 ,NOTICE1 H[EV]1 ?AT ?IS CRITIQUE 9T5TIONALLY DOES NOT APPLY TO SURVIVOR-L$ VIGILANTISM1 BUT TO UNACC\NTABLE NON-SURVIVOR RESPONSES4 

,APOLOGI/S = AN>*I/ M5 ATTACK$ BY SURVIVOR-L$ GR\PSCLAIM ?AT VIGILANTISM IS AU?ORIT>IAN3 0,ACC\NTABILITY CANNOT BE A ONE-WAY /REET OR ELSE IT BECOMES A SYNONYM = PUNITIVE & POLIC+ P[]40 ,BUT AS ! SURVIVOR COMMUNIQUES MAKE CLE>1 VIGILANTISM IS NOT A =M ( 0ACC\NTABILITY10 AT LEA/ NOT COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY BAS$ ON TRANS=MATIVE JU/ICE AS IT'S G5]ALLY CONCEIV$ )9 AN>*I/ CIRCLES2 IT'S AN EXPLICIT REJECTION ( IT4 ,IT'S NOT A PSEUDO-JUDICIAL PROCESS2 IT DECL9ES BO? /ATE-BAS$ & NON-/ATE ME?ODS ( CONFLICT RESOLUTION 9 FAVOR ( A DIRECT1 UNM$IAT$ RESPONSE TO H>M4 ,:E!R OR NOT WE ?9K IT'S APPROPRIATE1 IT %\LDN'T BE MI/AK5 = A =M ( ACC\NTABILITY GONE WRONG4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT'S AN 9T5TIONAL RESPONSE TO ! P]CEIV$ FAILURE ( ACC\NTABILITY ME?ODS4 

,SO LONG AS \R PRACTICES >\ND ACC\NTABILITY = SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE DON'T SUCCESSFULLY MEET FOLKS' NE$S1 VIGILANTISM WILL CONT9UE1 *ALL5G+ AN>*I/ ADVOCATES ( TRANS=MATIVE JU/ICE TO MAKE !IR IDEALS A REALITY4 ,%\LD WE BE TRY+ TO DEVELOP SUFFICI5TLY EFFECTIVE ACC\NTABILITY RESPONSES SO ?AT VIGILANTISM ISN'T NECESS>Y8 ,OR %\LD WE BE DEVELOP+ & EXT5D+ \R PRACTICES ( SURVIVOR-L$ PHYSICAL CONFRONTATION8 

,DIRECTION #b3 ,PREV5TION ,?R\< ,G5D]-,BAS$ ,ORGANIZ+ 

,IT'S AN OBVI\S PO9T1 BUT WOR? MAK+3 9/EAD ( SP5D+ ALL ?IS 5]GY TRY+ TO FIGURE \T H[ TO SUPPORT PEOPLE :O'VE BE5 ASSAULT$ & RESPOND TO ?OSE :O ASSAULT1 W\LDN'T IT MAKE MORE S5SE TO FOCUS ON PREV5T+ ALL ?IS ASSAULT+ 9 ! FIR/ PLACE8 ,EASI] SAID ?AN DONE1 ( C\RSE4 ,BUT SO F>1 WE'VE ONLY DISCUSS$ REACTIVE1 AFT]-!-FACT RESPONSES TO =MS ( H>M ?AT WE'RE ASSUM+ WILL CONT9UE1 EV5 AS WE FIGURE \T BETT] WAYS TO REACT4 

,TO BORR[ ! LANGUAGE ( ! NONPR(IT RAPE CRISIS C5T] WORLD1 RESPOND+ TO ASSAULTS & WORK+ ) ASSAULT]S ?R\< ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES FALLS UND] 9T]V5TION1 OR T]TI>Y PREV5TION4 ,PRIM>Y PREV5TION 5TAILS PREV5T+ FIR/-TIME ASSAULT & ABUSE ?R\< $UCATION & BY %IFT+ SOCIAL1 CULTURAL1 & 9/ITUTIONAL NORMS1 :ILE SECOND>Y PREV5TION 9VOLVES ID5TIFY+ RISK FACTORS ASSOCIAT$ ) ASSAULT & ABUSE & 9T]V5+ TO PREV5T !M FROM ESCALAT+4 ,SO WE %\LDN'T NECESS>ILY DEEM RESPONSES SU* AS ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES FAILURES IF SEXUAL ASSAULTS CONT9UE 9 AN>*I/ COMMUNITIES4 ,9/EAD1 WE %\LD BROAD5 ! K9DS ( PREV5TATIVE WORK WE'RE DO+ ALONGSIDE !M4 ,:AT MI<T WE BE DO+ TO /OP ALL ?IS FROM HAPP5+ 9 ! FIR/ PLACE8 

,\TSIDE ( AN>*I/ CIRCLES1 PREV5TION WORK >\ND G5D] VIOL5CE USUALLY C5T]S ON $UCATION3 = WOM51 >\ND SELF-DEF5SE & H>M R$UCTION2 = M51 >\ND COMBAT+ RAPE MY?S & TAK+ RESPONSIBILITY = 5D+ MALE VIOL5CE2 & = ALL1 HEAL?Y COMMUNICATION & RELATION%IP SKILLS4 ,9 AN>*I/ CIRCLES1 SOME WOM5 HAVE MOBILIZ$ >\ND %>+ SELF-DEF5SE SKILLS1 & A GREAT DEAL ( POPUL> $UCATION 7MO/LY L$ & CONDUCT$ BY WOM57 HAS TAK5 PLACE >\ND CONS5T1 COMMUNICATION ) P>TN]S1 & POSITIVE SEXUALITY4 ,AS NOT$ ABOVE1 :ILE ?IS HAS NOTICEABLY %IFT$ ! SEXUAL DISC\RSES US$ BY AN>*I/S1 WE NE$ MORE EXT5SIVE 5GAGEM5T ) G5D] OPPRESSION TO BREAK 5TR5*$ PATT]NS4 

,ONE PA?WAY T[>DS ?IS DEEP] TRANS=MATION HAS COME ?R\< G5D]-BAS$ COLLECTIVES1 SPECIFICALLY M5'S GR\PS FOCUS+ ON *ANG+ ATTITUDES T[>DS SEXUALITY & CONS5T AMONG M54 ,H[EV]1 ) A FEW EXCEPTIONS SU* AS ,D,W,O,S 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS1 ! ,PHILLY ,DUDES ,COLLECTIVE1 & ! ,SOCIAL ,DETOX Z9E1 !RE HAS NOT BE5 MU* VISIBLE PRES5CE 9 REC5T YE>S ( ANTI-SEXI/ M5'S ORGANIZ+ AMONG AN>*I/S4 ,PREVI\SLY 9 C]TA9 SC5ES1 ANTI-SEXI/ M5'S GR\PS ALLI$ ) AUTONOM\S WOM5'S ORGANIZ+4 ,!SE =MATIONS >E CURR5TLY \T ( FA%ION = A NUMB] ( REASONS1 9CLUD+ ANTI-FEM9I/ BACKLA%1 A C]TA9 UND]/&+ ( TRANS & G5D]QUE] POLITICS ?AT LABELS ALL G5D]-BAS$ ORGANIZ+ AS ESS5TIALI/ & PROBLEMATIC1 & ! ABSORPTION ( SO MANY COMMITT$ ANTI-PATRI>*Y MILITANTS ( MANY G5D]S 9TO SEXUAL ASSAULT RESPONSE & ACC\NTABILITY WORK4 ,C\LD =M+ ANTI-SEXI/ M5'S GR\PS TO DO ASSAULT & ABUSE PREV5TION WORK 9 T&EM ) AUTONOM\S WOM5'S ORGANIZ+ PROVE FRUITFUL AS ANO!R DIRECTION 9 :I* TO EXP]IM5T8 

,?IS APPROA* C\LD (F] SEV]AL ADVANTAGES4 ,CREAT+ /RUCTURES TO %>E SKILLS = DISMANTL+ PATRI>*Y & SELF-TRANS=MATION MI<T R$UCE PROBLEMATIC BEHAVIORS AMONG P>TICIPANTS :ILE ALSO PROVID+ AN 9FRA/RUCTURE = ACC\NTABILITY RESPONSES :5 FOLKS DID H>M O!RS4 ,PREEXI/+ M5'S GR\PS ALL[ FOLKS TO TAKE RESPONSIBILITY = SELF-$UCATION & ACTION AGA9/ PATRI>*Y ?AT DOESN'T HAVE TO BE CONT+5T ON A 0P]PETRATOR0 LABEL OR 0DEM&S40 ,& FOLKS C\LD BE REF]R$ TO GR\PS = A WIDE RANGE ( BEHAVIORS ?AT MI<T NOT RAISE EYEBR[S ON !IR [N BUT C\LD BE W>N+ SIGNS ( UND]LY+ PATRI>*AL PATT]NS1 SO ?AT O!RS CAN 9T]V5E BE=E ?OSE PATT]NS MANIFE/ 9 MORE H>MFUL WAYS 7I4E41 SECOND>Y PREV5TION74 ,= ONCE1 WE'D HAVE A PLACE TO (F] FOLKS :O1 :E!R BY COMMUNITY COMPULSION OR SELF-MOTIVATION1 WANT TO 0WORK ON !IR %IT40 

,BUT BEYOND JU/ DEAL+ ) PROBLEMATIC BEHAVIORS1 M5'S GR\PS PROVIDE SPACE = DEEP] RELATION%IP BUILD+1 LE>N+1 POLITICAL CL>IFICATION1 EMOTIONAL 9TIMACY1 EV5 FUN4 ,?IS %\LD PROVIDE 9C5TIVE = FOLKS TO GET 9VOLV$ & /AY 5GAG$1 S9CE IT'S NOT C5T]$ SOLELY ON DEBILITAT+LY 9T5SE CRISIS-MODE ACC\NTABILITY WORK4 ,! K9DS ( /UDY1 REFLECTION1 & RELATION%IP-BUILD+ ?AT TAKE PLACE 9 !SE GR\PS CAN /R5G!N ! O!R RADICAL ORGANIZ+ FOLKS >E DO+ 9 AN>*I/ SC5ES1 LEAV+ US ) MORE OPTIONS1 SKILLS1 & PEOPLE ABLE TO RESPOND 9 CRISIS SITUATIONS4 ,& UNLIKE MANY 9T]NALLY-FOCUS$ COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY /RATEGIES1 M5'S GR\PS CAN 9T]ACT ) NON-AN>*I/ 9DIVIDUALS & GR\PS TO SPREAD ANTI-PATRI>*AL MESSAGES & PRACTICES :ILE LE>N+ FROM O!R FEM9I/ ORGANIZ+1 MAK+ \R EF=TS RELEVANT TO BROAD] SOCIAL /RUGGLES AGA9/ G5D] VIOL5CE & PATRI>*Y4 

,BUT WAIT444 :AT AB\T ?IS :OLE G5D] ?+8 ,AMID ! CURR5T G5D] POLITICS ( ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN AN>*I/ SC5ES1 IT'S COMMON TO VIEW ANY G5D]-SPECIFIC ORGANIZ+ AS SUSPECT4 ,ISN'T ?IS JU/ A REMNANT ( TIR$ ID5TITY POLITICS1 VE/IGES ( LEFTI/ GUILT1 \TDAT$ ESS5TIALISM1 & SUSPICI\SLY AU?ORIT>IAN PRACTICES8 ,DON'T WE WANT TO DE/ROY ! G5D] B9>Y1 ! REAL ROOT ( PATRI>*Y & G5D] OPPRESSION8 ,& DOESN'T ORGANIZ+ BAS$ ON G5D] 7OR ASSIGN$ G5D] OR :ATEV]7 JU/ RE9=CE ! PATRI>*AL & TRANSPHOBIC FRAMEWORK WE'RE TRY+ TO DE/ROY8 

,C]TA9LY !RE >E DIFFICULT QUE/IONS TO ADDRESS 9 DET]M9+ :O 0C\NTS0 AS A MAN1 :E!R WE BASE \R UND]/&+ ON SELF-ID5TIFICATION OR SOCIAL RECOGNITION OR BIR? ASSIGNATION1 :]E DIFF]5T G5D]QUE] & TRANS FOLKS FIT1 & FIGUR+ \T :O WAS 0SOCIALIZ$0 H[4 ,& 5D+ HI]>*Y & ALI5ATION 9 ALL !IR =MS WILL REQUIRE /RATEGIES MORE LIB]AT+ ?AN ID5TITY POLITICS4 ,BUT LET'S BE REALI/IC3 DI/9CT PATT]NS ( OPPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR & P[] /ILL FALL PRETTY PR$ICTABLY ALONG G5D] L9ES4 ,IF G5D]-BAS$ ORGANIZ+ CAN HELP DISLODGE ?OSE PATT]NS1 P]HAPS WE MU/ EMBRACE ?AT CONTRADICTION & DO \R BE/ TO 5GAGE ) IT 9 ALL ITS MESSY COMPLEXITY4 

,BEYOND ! QUE/ION ( G5D]$ ORGANIZ+ 9 PR9CIPLE1 !RE >E O!R POSSIBLE PROBLEMS ) ?IS APPROA*4 ,)\T SUBSCRIB+ TO ! NOTION ?AT !RE >E 0GOOD0 AN>*I/ M5 :O'RE NOT ! SEXUAL ASSAULT]S WE NE$ TO WORRY AB\T1 WE CAN ACKN[L$GE ?AT ! FOLKS :O MI<T B5EFIT MO/ FROM EXAM9+ !IR SEXI/ BEHAVIOR WILL LIKELY BE LEA/ 9CL9$ TO P>TICIPATE4 ,ALSO1 P>TICIPAT+ 9 A =MAL M5'S GR\P C\LD BE A WAY = SEXI/S TO GA9 LEGITIMACY1 DIV]T+ ATT5TION FROM !IR CRAPPY BEHAVIOR BY WAV+ !IR FEM9I/ ALLY MEMB]%IP C>DS AT PEOPLE :O CALL !M \T4 ,& IF ! FOCUS ON G5D]-BAS$ ORGANIZ+ PRIVILEGES M5'S GR\PS1 EV5 ANTI-SEXI/ ONES1 OV] AUTONOM\S WOM5'S &_/OR TRANS ORGANIZ+1 ?AT C\LD /ABILIZE RA!R ?AN *ALL5GE PATRI>*AL P[] RELATIONS 9 A SC5E4 

,DIRECTION #c3 ,NOT ,ACC\NTABILITY1 ,BUT ,CONFLICT ,RESOLUTION 

,\R /RUGGLES = ACC\NTABILITY SUFF] BECAUSE WE HAVE SO FEW MODELS1 ME?ODS1 OR SKILLS = RESOLV+ CONFLICTS AMONG \RSELVES4 ,:ILE IT'S ADMIRABLE ?AT WE'VE PUT SO MU* 5]GY 9TO FIGUR+ \T /RATEGIES = RESPOND+ TO ASSAULT & ABUSE1 !RE >E 9NUM]ABLE O!R K9DS ( CONFLICT & PROBLEMATIC BEHAVIORS ?AT WE ALSO NE$ TOOLS TO ADDRESS--& AS WE'VE SE51 ! SEXUAL ASSAULT-SPECIFIC ACC\NTABILITY ME?ODOLOGIES >5'T APPROPRIATE 9 DISSIMIL> SITUATIONS4 ,:AT IF WE PRIORITIZ$ BUILD+ \R CONFLICT RESOLUTION & M$IATION SKILLS8 

,( C\RSE1 !RE >E SPECIFIC ISSUES RELEVANT TO SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE1 & !SE %\LDN'T BE ECLIPS$ 9 A G5]AL FOCUS ON CONFLICT RESOLUTION4 ,BUT IF !RE'S A PREC$5T1 LANGUAGE1 & SKILL SET = ADDRESS+ A WIDE RANGE ( CONFLICTS & H>M1 & BE+ ASK$ TO P>TICIPATE 9 A CONFLICT RESOLUTION PROCESS BECOMES COMMON & LESS ?REAT5+1 P]HAPS WE'LL BE ABLE TO RESPOND LESS DEF5SIVELY :5 WE LE>N ?AT \R ACTIONS HAVE HURT O!RS4 ,RA!R ?AN EXT5D+ ! ID5TITY POLITICS ( SURVIVOR & P]PETRATOR1 WE C\LD CREATE MORE NUANC$ LANGUAGE ?AT NEI!R IDEALIZES NOR DEMONIZES PEOPLE1 BUT ASKS ALL ( US TO REMA9 5GAG$ 9 LIFELONG PROCESSES ( SELF-TRANS=MATION4 ,?IS REQUIRES EMPA?Y T[>DS FOLKS :O HAVE DONE H>M1 TO CREATE SPACE = !M TO [N UP TO !IR BEHAVIORS & HEAL4.<#e.> 

,:AT >E ! ADVANTAGES ( FRAM+ SEXUAL ASSAULT ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES )9 A BROAD] EMPHASIS ON CONFLICT RESOLUTION8 ,!RE W\LD BE NO NE$ = A DEF9ITIONAL HI]>*Y OR LITMUS TE/ TO DET]M9E :AT 0C\NTS0 AS S]I\S ASSAULT OR ABUSE4 ,BY SETT+ A PREC$5T ( COLLECTIVE 5GAGEM5T ) LESS 9T5SE CONFLICT1 WE W\LD GA9 VALUABLE EXP]I5CE TO S]VE US 9 CRISIS SITUATIONS4 ,FRAM+ CONFLICT RESOLUTION AS A COLLECTIVE RESPONSIBILITY C\LD PREV5T ! EM]G5CE ( A SPECIALIZ$ CLASS ( PEOPLE :O ALWAYS FACILITATE !SE PROCESSES1 & MAKE IT EASI] TO F9D SUPPORT]S ) SUFFICI5T DI/ANCE FROM A SITUATION TO BE ABLE TO M$IATE NEUTRALLY4.<#f.> 

,ONE CAUTION>Y PO9T NE$S TO BE MADE V]Y CLE>LY3 M$IATION IS NOT APPROPRIATE = MANY CASES ( P>TN] ABUSE4 ,! >TICLE 0,?9K+ ,?R\< ,P]PETRATOR ,ACC\NTABILITY0 LAYS IT \T3 

,M$IATION %\LD NOT BE US$ AS A SUB/ITUTION = AN ACC\NTABILITY PROCESS4 ,M$IATION IS = TWO PEOPLE HAV+ A CONFLICT ?AT NE$S TO BE RESOLV$2 ABUSE IS NOT MUTUAL4 ,ABUSE IS NOT SIMPLY AB\T TWO PEOPLE NE$+ TO COME TO ! TABLE TO WORK ?+S \T4 ,M$IATORS MAY C]TA9LY BE USEFUL = HELP+ TO FACILITATE SOME ( ! CONCRETE NEGOTIATIONS )9 AN ACC\NTABILITY PROCESS1 BUT PLEASE DO NOT SUGGE/ A SESSION ) A M$IATOR AS AN OPTION 9/EAD ( A LONG-T]M COMMITM5T TO AN ACC\NTABILITY PROCESS4 

,C\NSELORS = DOME/IC VIOL5CE SURVIVORS LE>N ?AT 0C\PLES C\NSEL+0 %\LD NOT BE UND]TAK5 9 A CLE> SITUATION ( P>TN] ABUSE1 BECAUSE ABUS]S WILL USUALLY MANIPULATE ! PROCESS1 LEAV+ ! ABUSIVE & UNEQUAL DYNAMICS UND]LY+ ! RELATION%IP UNADDRESS$4 ,?IS IS IMPORTANT TO BE> 9 M9D SO ?AT A %IFT TO A CONFLICT RESOLUTION FRAMEWORK ISN'T APPLI$ TO SITUATIONS ( ABUSIVE RELATION%IPS4 

,:AT AB\T O!R DISADVANTAGES8 ,WELL1 !RE'S /ILL ! PROBLEM ( RESPOND+ TO EXI/+ PROBLEMS BY PRESCRIB+ SOLUTIONS ?AT DEM& SKILLS OR RES\RCES WE DON'T HAVE4 ,:AT CAN WE DO 9 ! MEANTIME1 :ILE UND]TAK+ ! LONG-T]M WORK ( LE>N+ H[ TO RESOLVE \R CONFLICTS8 ,SURVIVORS MI<T FEEL FRU/RAT$ TO SEE ASSAULT & ABUSE LUMP$ 9 ) LESS 9T5SE OR POLITICALLY SIGNIFICANT CONFLICTS1 M9IMIZ+ ! H>M !Y'VE EXP]I5C$4 ,ASK+ SURVIVORS TO USE LESS =CEFUL LANGUAGE :5 ADDRESS+ P]PETRATORS C\LD RE9=CE ! SURVIVOR-BLAM+ MESSAGES ?AT !Y >E OV]REACT+1 ?AT SEXUAL ASSAULT IS NOT A SIGNIFICANT ISSUE WOR? NAM+ /RONGLY4 ,ALSO1 MALE 0EXP]TS0 9 CONFLICT RESOLUTION C\LD HIJACK SURVIVOR SUPPORT WORK & DIV]T ITS FEM9I/ FOCUS4 ,WE MU/ ACKN[L$GE ! SPECIFIC CONTEXT ( SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE1 HONOR ! PA9 & RAGE ( SURVIVORS1 & ACC\NT = OPPRESSIVE P[] :ILE BROAD5+ ! RANGE ( CONFLICTS WE CAN ADDRESS4 

,DIRECTION #d3 ,CONC5TRIC ,CIRCLES ( ,AFF9ITY 

,!RE IS NO SU* ?+ AS ACC\NTABILITY )9 RADICAL COMMUNITIES BECAUSE !RE IS NO SU* ?+ AS COMMUNITY--NOT :5 IT COMES TO SEXUAL ASSAULT & ABUSE4 ,TAKE AN HONE/ SURVEY SOMETIME & Y\ WILL F9D ?AT WE DON'T AGREE4 ,!RE IS NO CONS5SUS4 ,COMMUNITY 9 ?IS CONTEXT IS A MY?ICAL1 FREQU5TLY 9VOK$ & MU* MISUS$ T]M4 ,I DON'T WANT TO BE 9VE/$ 9 IT ANYMORE4 

-- ,ANGU/IA ,CELE/E1 0,SAFETY IS AN ,ILLUSION3 ,REFLECTIONS ON ,ACC\NTABILITY0 

,AT ! HE>T ( ALL ( !SE QUE/IONS LIES ONE UNRESOLV$ PROBLEM3 :AT IS 0COMMUNITY80 ,>E WE 9 ONE TOGE!R AS AN>*I/S8 ,AS PUNKS8 ,AS PEOPLE 9 A C]TA9 LOCAL SC5E8 ,BECAUSE WE'RE AT ! SAME PROTE/1 %[1 OR MASS MOBILIZATION8 ,DO WE *OOSE TO BE 9 IT1 OR >E WE 9 IT :E!R WE LIKE IT OR NOT1 REG>DLESS ( H[ WE ID5TIFY8 ,& :O DECIDES ALL ( ?IS8 

,Y\ CAN'T HAVE COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY )\T COMMUNITY4 ,! 5TIRE TRANS=MATIVE JU/ICE FRAMEWORK FALLS AP>T )\T SOME COH]5T S5SE ( :AT COMMUNITY MEANS4 ,BUT UN=TUNATELY1 NO ONE SEEMS TO BE ABLE TO ANSW] ?IS QUE/ION = \R MILIEU4 ,& )\T AN ANSW]1 WE F9D \RSELVES BANG+ \R HEADS AGA9/ ! WALL AGA9 & AGA91 :5 A SLIMY ASSAULT] JU/ SKIPS T[N OR DROPS \T ( ! SC5E AFT] BE+ CALL$ \T1 OR :5 SOMEONE WIELDS 5\< P[] 9 A SC5E TO G]RYM&] ! B\ND>IES ( COMMUNITY TO EXCLUDE SURVIVORS & ALLIES4 ,?IS IS NOT AN AB/RACT QUE/ION3 IT'S FUNDAM5TAL TO :AT WE DO & H[ P[] OP]ATES 9 \R SC5ES4 

,COMMUNITY BECOMES CONCRETE ?R\< SPECIFIC 9/ITUTIONS1 SU* AS ! WEBSITES1 GA!R+S1 SOCIAL C5T]S1 & COLLECTIVE H\SES ?AT COMPRISE ! ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN AN>*I/ SC5E4 ,AL?\< NO ONE IS TAK+ ATT5DANCE 7EXCEPT POSSIBLY ! ,F,B,I71 & MANY ( US QU>REL AB\T :O C\NTS AS A REAL AN>*I/1 ?OSE ( US :O MOVE ?R\< !SE SPACES HAVE A S5SE ( BE+ A P>T ( SOME?+4 ,WE WEAVE TOGE!R ?IS S5SE ?R\< %>$ PRACTICES ?AT M>K US AS TEAMMATES3 DRESS & BODY MODIFICATION1 QUIRKS ( DIET & HYGI5E1 CONV]SATION ) SPECIALIZ$ L+O & PO9TS ( REF]5CE4 

,BUT IS BE+ A P>T ( AN AN>*I/ 0MILIEU0 5\< ( A BASIS = ! K9D ( COMMUNITY DEM&$ BY !SE ACC\NTABILITY /RATEGIES8 ,CAN WE REALI/ICALLY APPLY !SE MODELS TO \R DIFFUSE1 FRAGM5T$1 MO/LY UN/RUCTUR$ ASSOCIATIONS ( MISFITS8 

,AS WE MOVE ?R\< \R LIVES NAVIGAT+ CONNECTIONS ) FRI5DS1 NEI<BORS1 & COMRADES1 WE'RE NOT JU/ P>T ( A S+LE UNIT>Y COMMUNITY1 OR EV5 A WEB ( MULTIPLE COMMUNITIES4 ,RA!R1 \R RELATION%IPS ) O!RS TAKE ! =M ( CONC5TRIC CIRCLES ( AFF9ITY4,FROM !SE1 WE CAN TRACE A T5TATIVE MODEL TO IMAG9E H[ TO APPLY COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY MODELS TO AN>*I/ SC5ES4 

,ONE ( ! MAJOR FLAWS 9 \R NOTION ( AN>*I/ COMMUNITY LIES 9 ITS NATURE AS IMPLICIT & ASSUM$1 RA!R ?AN EXPLICIT & >TICULAT$4 ,WE DON'T (T5 DIRECTLY /ATE \R COMMITM5TS TO & EXPECTATIONS ( ! O!R PEOPLE ) :OM WE %>E V>I\S K9DS ( 0COMMUNITY10 EXCEPT 9 SPECIFIC PROJECTS OR COLLECTIVES2 = 9/ANCE1 BY LIV+ TOGE!R1 H\SEMATES AGREE TO PAY BILLS ON TIME1 WA% ! DI%ES1 & RESPECT EA* O!R'S SPACE4 ,:AT IF WE EXT5D$ ?AT DEGREE ( EXPLICIT 9T5TION TO ALL ( \R RELATION%IPS ( AFF9ITY8 ,IMPOSSIBLE3 WE'RE SUPPOS$ TO SIT D[N ) EV]Y AN>*I/ 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA--OR EV5 JU/ 9 \R T[N--& SPELL \T EXPLICIT /&>DS = H[ WE RELATE & :AT WE EXPECT FROM EA* O!R8 

,NO1 ( C\RSE NOT444 & ?AT'S EXACTLY ! PO9T4 ,WE CAN'T DO ?AT1 SO WE HAVE TO FIGURE \T H[ TO COLLECTIVELY DET]M9E !SE ?+S )9 ! DIFF]5T WEBS ( RELATION%IPS 9 \R LIVES4 ,RA!R ?AN PRESUM+ A 0COMMUNITY0 & ATTEMPT+ TO HOLD PEOPLE ACC\NTABLE BAS$ ON ?AT FICTION1 WE %\LD DEF9E \R EXPECTATIONS ( & COMMITM5TS TO ! O!RS 9 \R V>I\S CIRCLES ( AFF9ITY1 & USE !M AS ! BASIS = \R RESPONSES TO CONFLICT & H>M4 

,= EXAMPLE1 LET'S SAY ?AT AS MY 9N]MO/ CONC5TRIC CIRCLE ,I HAVE MY AFF9ITY GR\P4 ,!SE >E ! FOLKS ,I TRU/ ! MO/1 ) :OM ,I TAKE RISKS & = :OM ,I'LL DO :ATEV] IT TAKES4 ,I'D BE WILL+ TO GIVE !SE PEOPLE ! B5EFIT ( ! D\BT 9 RESOLV+ CONFLICT & ADDRESS+ H>M F> MORE ?AN ANY O!R PEOPLE4 ,UND] ?IS MODEL1 ,I W\LD SIT D[N ) MY AFF9ITY GR\P & PREEMPTIVELY DISCUSS H[ TO ADDRESS CONFLICTS ) EA* O!R :5 !Y COME UP1 RANG+ FROM ! MO/ M9OR TO ! MO/ S]I\S DISPUTES & =MS ( H>M4 ,?9K ( IT AS A SORT ( PRE-NUPTIAL AGREEM5T = FRI5DS & COMRADES1 COV]+ ! BASES 9 CASE ?+S %\LD GO WRONG4 ,?AT WAY1 ,I HAVE A CLE> S5SE ( H[ TO RESPOND :5 ONE ( MY CREW DOES ME WRONG1 & A %>$ BASIS ( TRU/ = WORK+ ) !M 9 A POT5TIALLY LONG-T]M PROCESS ( TRANS=MATION4 ,:ILE ,I W\LDN'T EXT5D ?AT TRU/ TO MO/ PEOPLE1 )9 ?IS GR\P WE %>E A DEEP & EXPLICIT AFF9ITY1 SO ,I'LL BE OP5 TO CRITICISM1 CALL+ \T1 & TRANS=MATION ) ! TRU/ ?AT MY COMRADES WILL BE1 TOO4 ,O!R EXAMPLES ( ?IS 9N]MO/ CIRCLE ( AFF9ITY MI<T BE FAMILIES 7BIR? OR *OS571 H\SES & L& PROJECTS1 V>I\S TYPES ( COLLECTIVES1 OR TI<T-KNIT GR\PS ( FRI5DS4 

,! NEXT CIRCLE \TW>DS MI<T BE A %>$ COMMUNITY SPACE1 SU* AS AN 9FO%OP OR SOCIAL C5T]4 ,IT'S A FAIRLY CONSI/5T GR\P ( PEOPLE1 SOME ( :OM ,I'M CLOS] ) ?AN O!RS1 BUT ALSO AN OP5 SPACE1 SO FOLKS MAY COME ?AT ,I DON'T KN[4 ,S9CE IT'S NOT A TOTALLY FIX$ GR\P & NOT EV]Y S+LE P]SON CAN OR W\LD SETTLE ON DIRECT AGREEM5TS ) ONE ANO!R1 !RE CAN BE COLLECTIVE AGREEM5TS >\ND RESPECT1 CONS5T1 ANTI-OPPRESSION1 USE ( RES\RCES1 & SU*4 ,!SE DON'T HAVE TO BE AU?ORIT>IAN2 !Y CAN BE COLLECTIVELY DET]M9$1 REVIS$ AT ANY TIME BY ! CONS5T ( ?OSE MO/ AFFECT$1 & NO ONE IS COMPELL$ TO ABIDE BY !M2 FOLKS :O CAN'T OR WON'T CAN *OOSE NOT TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! SPACE4 ,AS A RESULT1 ,I W\LD BE WILL+ TO GO ALONG ) TRY+ TO HOLD SOMEONE ACC\NTABLE 9S(> AS !Y WANT$ TO CONT9UE TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! SPACE4 ,S9CE :AT DEF9ES \R 0COMMUNITY0--! T]MS ( \R AFF9ITY ) EA* O!R--IS \R %>$ EXP]I5CE ( P>TICIPATION 9 ! SPACE1 !N IF ONE ( US CEASES TO P>TICIPATE 9 IT1 WE'RE NO LONG] 9 COMMUNITY ) ONE ANO!R1 ?US %\LDN'T EXPECT TO BE HELD OR HOLD O!RS ACC\NTABLE ?R\< IT4 ,& ACCORD+LY1 IF SOMEONE VIOLATES OR REFUSES TO ABIDE BY ! COLLECTIVE /&>DS1 !RE'S A PROC$URE 9 PLACE BY :I* SOMEONE CAN HELD ACC\NTABLE = !IR ACTIONS2 & IF !Y REFUSE1 O!RS CAN EXCLUDE !M FROM ! SPACE 9 GOOD CONSCI5CE4 ,O!R EXAMPLES ( ?IS SECOND CIRCLE ( AFF9ITY C\LD 9CLUDE SPECIFIC EV5TS1 L>G] ORGANIZ+ PROJECTS1 & FOLKS :O HANG \T LOOSELY 9 %>$ SOCIAL SPACES4 

,?IS FRAMEWORK ( CONC5TRIC CIRCLES ( AFF9ITY HELPS US IMAG9E :]E WE CAN BE/ APPLY ! ACC\NTABILITY PRACTICES ) :I* WE'VE BE5 EXP]IM5T+ !SE PA/ FEW YE>S AMONG AN>*I/S4 ,AS ! CIRCLES MOVE \TW>DS TO MASS MOBILIZATIONS1 0AN>*I/S10 0PUNKS10 & \R BROAD] RADICAL 0COMMUNITY10 IT'S H>D] TO IMAG9E H[ WE C\LD CONCRETELY DEF9E COMMUNITY & NAVIGATE ACC\NTABILITY )9 IT4 ,!RE'S NO REASON TO EXPECT ANYONE TO BE 0ACC\NTABLE0 TO US BAS$ ON :ATEV] AB/RACTION WE CLAIM TO %>E ) !M4 ,)\T A CONCRETE BASIS1 \R 0COMMUNITY0 HAS NEI!R C>ROT NOR /ICK2 WE CAN'T REW>D PEOPLE = GO+ ALONG ) \R DEM&S & WE CAN'T CO]CE !M 9TO DO+ SO4 ,SO IF SOME R&OM P]SON :O'S SUPPOS$LY AN AN>*I/ SEXUALLY ASSAULTS SOMEONE1 IT MI<T NOT BE REALI/IC TO APPROA* \R RESPONSE TO ! SITUATION 9 T]MS ( COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY4 

,SO !N :AT DO WE DO8 ,CALL ! COPS1 BEAT !M UP1 KICK !M \T ( ALL ! 9/ITUTIONS CONTROLL$ BY FOLKS ) :OM WE %>E AFF9ITY8 ,& H[ DO WE DEAL ) ! RECURR5T PROBLEM ( PEOPLE :O LEAVE ONE SC5E ONLY TO RESUME ABUSIVE BEHAVIOR 9 ANO!R8 ,WE DON'T HAVE ANY CLE> ANSW]S4 ,BUT WE HAVE TO />T HAV+ DISCUSSIONS 9 EV]Y CIRCLE ( AFF9ITY AB\T \R T]MS ( 5GAGEM5T & H[ TO ADDRESS H>M & RESOLVE CONFLICT1 BE=E WE'RE 9 CRISIS & =C$ TO FIGURE IT \T AS WE GO4 ,UNTIL WE'VE DONE ?AT ?OR\<LY 9 EV]Y COLLECTIVE1 SPACE1 SOCIAL GR\P1 & O!R AN>*I/ =MATION1 WE CAN'T REALI/ICALLY ASPIRE TO =MAL COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY AS A /RATEGY = DEAL+ ) \R %IT4 

,=M+ AFF9ITY GR\PS IS A CRUCIAL P>T ( AN>*I/ ORGANIZ+4 ,IT CAN BE AS SIMPLE AS PULL+ TOGE!R A CREW ( FRI5DS TO DO AN ACTION1 OR AS =MAL & /RUCTUR$ AS Y\ CAN IMAG9E4 ,CRUCIALLY1 IT PRES]VES ! BASIC PR9CIPLE ( VOLUNT>Y ASSOCIATION AT ! HE>T ( AN>*Y1 ! IDEA ?AT WE CAN DO :AT WE WANT ) :OMEV] WE WANT )\T CO]CION OR BUREAUCRACY4 ,?IS SIMPLE PROCESS HAS =M$ ! CORE ( \R ACTIONS AT DEMOS & MOBILIZATIONS1 BUT P]HAPS WE CAN USE IT TO CONCEPTUALIZE \R 5TIRE AN>*I/ COMMUNITY & MILIEU4 ,IF WE CAN CREATE /RONG] TIES ) EA* O!R & UND]/& \R AFF9ITIES MORE CONCRETELY1 P]HAPS WE'LL HAVE ! BASIS TO MAKE COMMUNITY ACC\NTABILITY SOME?+ MORE ?AN A VAGUE & CONT5TI\S DREAM4 

,WE HOPE ?IS ESSAY WILL CONTRIBUTE TO SELF-REFLECTION AMONG AN>*I/S AB\T :]E \R AFF9ITIES REALLY >E4 ,P]HAPS WE CAN ADDRESS MANY ( ! PITFALLS ( \R EXP]IM5TS ) ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES ?US F> BY MAK+ \R EXPECTATIONS ( & COMMITM5TS TO ONE ANO!R AS EXPLICIT AS POSSIBLE4 ,WE ALSO CAN CONSID] EXT5D+ SURVIVOR-L$ VIGILANTISM1 PURSU+ ANTI-SEXI/ M5'S GR\PS & G5D]-BAS$ ORGANIZ+ TO UND]M9E RAPE CULTURE1 OR BROAD5+ \R FOCUS ON CONFLICT RESOLUTION & M$IATION4 ,:ATEV] PA?S WE *OOSE1 AN>*I/S MU/ CONT9UE TRY+ :ATEV] WE CAN TO BREAK ?IS IMPASSE >\ND ABUSE & ASSAULT 9 \R SC5ES4 ,\R LIB]ATION DEP5DS ON IT4 

,APP5DIX 

,WORKS ,CIT$ 

0,AN ,9T]NAL ,ACTION ( ! ,VAG9AL ,LIB]ATION ,FRONT01 9 ,M5 9 ! ,FEM9I/ ,/RUGGLE 

0,DON'T ,BELIEVE ! ,HYPE0 

,FI<T ,RAPE6 ,SIX ,YE>S ( ,M5'S ,GR\P & ,ACC\NTABILITY ,WORK BY ,DEAL+ ,) ,\R ,%IT 

0,I,M,F ,RESI/ANCE ,NETWORK ,CONS5T ,GUIDEL9ES3 ,NO ,P]PETRATORS ,WELCOME0 

0I4 COMMUNIQUE0 BY ,RADICAL ,WOM5'S ,KIT*5 

0,IS ! ,AN>*I/ ,MAN ,\R ,COMRADE80 

0,KAFKA SALES WILL BE ?R\< ! RO( AT ! ,N,Y,C ,AN>*I/ ,BOOK ,FAIR0 

0,NOTES ON ,SURVIVOR ,AUTONOMY & ,VIOL5CE0 

0,SAF] ,SPACE ,POLICY10 BY ,N,Y,C ,AN>*I/ ,BOOK ,FAIR ,COLLECTIVE 

0,SAF] SPACES1 FALSE ALLEGATIONS1 & ! ,N,Y,C ,AN>*I/ ,BOOK ,FAIR0 

0,SAFETY IS AN ,ILLUSION3 ,REFLECTIONS ON ,ACC\NTABILITY0 BY ,ANGU/IA ,CELE/E1 9 ,IT'S ,D[N ,TO ,?IS3 ,REFLECTIONS1 ,/ORIES1 ,CRITIQUES1 ,EXP]I5CES1 & ,IDEAS ON ,COMMUNITY & ,COLLECTIVE ,RESPONSE TO ,SEXUAL ,VIOL5CE1 ,ABUSE & ,ACC\NTABILITY 

0,SEXUAL ,ASSAULT & ,CONS5T ,POLICY0 BY ,TORONTO ,AN>*I/ ,BOOK ,FAIR ,COLLECTIVE 

,SUPPORT+ A ,SURVIVOR ( ,SEXUAL ,ASSAULT BY ,M5 ,AGA9/ ,RAPE ,CULTURE4 

0,?9K+ ,?R\< ,P]PETRATOR ,ACC\NTABILITY10 9 ,ROLL+ ,?UND] _?#h 

0,WE ,>E ,ALL ,SURVIVORS1 ,WE ,>E ,ALL ,P]PETRATORS10 9 ,ROLL+ ,?UND] _?#a 

,RES\RCE ,LI/ 

,GR\PS & ,ORGANIZATIONS 

,G5]ATION ,FIVE 7,OAKL&1 ,C,A7 

,PHILLY ,/&S ,UP 7,PHILADELPHIA1 ,P,A7 

,CREATIVE ,9T]V5TIONS 7,SAN ,FRANCISCO1 ,C,A7 

,9,C,I,T,E6 ,WOM5 ( ,COLOR ,AGA9/ ,VIOL5CE 7NATIONAL7 

,AUDRE ,LORDE ,PROJECT - ,SAFE ,\,TSIDE ! ,SY/EM 7,BROOKLYN1 ,N,Y7 

,CRITICAL ,RESI/ANCE 7NATIONAL7 

,SUPPORT ,NEW ,YORK 7,NEW ,YORK ,CITY7 

,BOOKS 

,! ,COLOR ( ,VIOL5CE3 ,! ,9,C,I,T,E6 ,AN?OLOGY1 BY ,9,C,I,T,E6 ,WOM5 ( ,COLOR ,AGA9/ ,VIOL5CE 

,! ,REVOLUTION ,/>TS AT ,HOME3 ,CONFRONT+ ,P>TN] ,ABUSE 9 ,ACTIVI/ ,COMMUNITIES1 $IT$ BY ,*+-,9 ,*51 ,JAI ,DULANI1 ,LEAH ,LAK%MI ,PIEPZNA-,SAM>AS9HA & ,&REA ,SMI? 

,9/EAD ( ,PRISONS3 ,A ,H&BOOK ,= ,ABOLITIONI/S1 BY ,PRISON ,RESE>* ,$UCATION ,ACTION 

,PEACEMAK+ ,CIRCLES3 ,FROM ,CRIME TO ,COMMUNITY1 BY ,KAY ,PRANIS 

,Z9ES 

,IT'S ,D[N TO ,?IS3 ,/ORIES1 ,CRITIQUES & ,IDEAS ON ,COMMUNITY & ,COLLECTIVE ,RESPONSE TO ,SEXUAL ,VIOL5CE & ,ACC\NTABILITY 

,:AT ,DO ,WE ,DO ,:5 _?#b & _?#c 

,AN ,ACTIVI/ ,APPROA* TO ,DOME/IC ,VIOL5CE 

,?\<TS ,AB\T ,COMMUNITY ,SUPPORT ,>\ND ,9TIMATE ,VIOL5CE 

,SEE ,NO1 ,SPEAK ,NO1 ,HE> ,NO 

,ALT]NATIVES TO ,POLICE BY ,ROSE ,CITY ,COPWAT* 

,LE>N+ ,GOOD ,CONS5T 

,SUPPORT 

,WORLD ,)\T ,SEXUAL ,ASSAULT 

,LET'S ,TALK ,AB\T ,CONS5T1 ,BABY 

,\R ,[N ,RESPONSE 

,A ,/&-,UP ,/>T ,UP3 ,CONFRONT+ ,SEXUAL ,ASSAULT ) ,TRANS=MATIVE ,JU/ICE 

,BEAUTIFUL1 ,DIFFICULT1 ,P[]FUL3 ,5D+ ,SEXUAL ,ASSAULT ,?R\< ,TRANS=MATIVE ,JU/ICE 

,CONFLICT ,RESOLUTION ,CIRCLES 

,AS ,IF ,!Y ,W]E ,HUMAN3 ,A ,DIFF]5T ,TAKE ON ,P]PETRATOR ,ACC\NTABILITY 

,REVOLUTION 9 ,CONFLICT3 ,ANTI-,AU?ORIT>IAN ,APPROA*ES TO ,RESOLV+ & ,TRANS=M+ ,CONFLICT & ,H>M 

,= A ,SAF] ,WORLD 

,O!R ,RES\RCES 

,CREATIVE ,9T]V5TIONS ,TOOLKIT 

,T[>D ,TRANS=MATIVE ,JU/ICE1 BY ,G5]ATION ,FIVE 

,COMMUNITY ,ACC\NTABILITY ,PR9CIPLES_/,CONC]NS_/,/RATEGIES_/,MODELS 

,COMMUNITY ,ACC\NTABILITY ,)9 ,PEOPLE ( ,COLOR ,PROGRESSIVE ,MOVEM5TS 

,HOLL[ ,WAT] 7DOCUM5T>Y FILM71 BY ,BONNY ,DICKEY 

,IDEAS1 ,ACTIONS1 ,>T1 @& ,RES\RCES = ,COMMUNITIES ,RESPOND+ TO @& ,TRANS=M+ ,VIOL5CE 

,CONFLICT ,RESOLUTION ,9=MATION 

,RE/ORATIVE ,JU/ICE ,9=MATION ,CLE>+H\SE 

,9T]NATIONAL ,9/ITUTE = ,RE/ORATIVE ,PRACTICES 

,POLICIES = ,MASS ,MOBILIZATIONS >\ND ,SEXUAL ,ASSAULT & ,CONS5T3 

,SEXUAL ,ASSAULT ,DISCLOSURE 

,RESPOND+ TO ,SEXUAL ,ASSAULTS AT ,MASS ,MOBILIZATIONS 

,EXAMPLE ,CONS5T ,POLICIES 

,P,D,F ,D[NLOADS 

,PR9TABLE 'Z9E 7,P,D,F2 #ge ,K,B7 

,ONL9E READ+ 'Z9E V]SION 7,P,D,F2 #de ,K,B7 

,FROM \R EXP]I5CE 9T]V5+ ) PEOPLE :O'VE BE5 CALL$ \T1 ACKN[L$G+ ?AT SOMEONE MAY EXP]I5CE REALITY DIFF]5TLY FROM !M =MS AN IMPORTANT FIR/ /EP4 ,= EXAMPLE1 WE CAN ASK !M TO ADMIT ?AT SOME?+ !Y EXP]I5C$ AS CONS5SUAL MAY NOT HAVE BE5 EXP]I5C$ ?AT WAY BY SOMEONE ELSE4 ,! S9C]E APOLOGY A SURVIVOR SEEKS MAY NOT BE =?COM+ IF ! P]SON !Y'RE CALL+ \T DOESN'T REMEMB] AN 9T]ACTION 9 ! SAME WAY4 ,/ILL1 ACCEPT+ ?AT ! O!R7S7 MAY HAVE FELT VIOLAT$ BY SOME?+ ?AT !Y DID CAN OP5 SOMEONE T[>DS EXAM9+ & *ANG+ SOME ( !IR BEHAVIORS1 IF NOT TAK+ FULL RESPONSIBILITY4 

.<#a.> ,*ALL5G+ BANN+ & EXCLUSION AS PRIM>Y ACC\NTABILITY TACTICS RAISES MORE ?ORNY QUE/IONS AB\T H[ TO EVALUATE SURVIVOR DEM&S1 NOT JU/ 9 T]MS ( \R ABILITY TO 5ACT !M BUT \R WILL+NESS TO DO SO4 ,IS \R ROLE AS PROPON5TS ( AN>*I/ ACC\NTABILITY SIMPLY TO ADH]E TO ! DEM&S SET =? BY A SURVIVOR1 EV5 IF WE DISAGREE ) !M /RATEGICALLY OR E?ICALLY8 ,BE+ AN ALLY CAN BE DEF9$ AS DO+ :AT ! SURVIVOR WANTS1 NO MATT] :AT2 BUT WE BELIEVE ?AT NO LIB]ATION CAN RESULT FROM SUSP5D+ \R AUTONOMY & UNCRITICALLY FOLL[+ DEM&S1 NO MATT] :OSE4 ,YET :5 IS IT \R PLACE AS SUPPORT]S TO CRITICIZE :AT A SURVIVOR CLAIMS !Y NE$ TO HEAL OR FEEL SAFE8 

.<#b.> ,AT TIMES1 PEOPLE HONE/LY TRY+ TO BE ACC\NTABLE HAVE LEFT AN>*I/ SC5ES 5TIRELY 9 ORD] TO GIVE SPACE TO A SURVIVOR4 ,:ILE BETT] ?AN NOT COOP]AT+1 ?IS SUBV]TS ! TRANS=MATIVE JU/ICE IDEAL ( KEEP+ FOLKS P>T ( A COMMUNITY4 

.<#c.> ,ONE COMMON *ALL5GE OCCURS :5 SOMEONE DOESN'T CLE>LY REMEMB] :AT HAPP5$ 9 AN 5C\NT] = :I* !Y'VE BE5 CALL$ \T1 OR REMEMB]S ! EXP]I5CE DIFF]5TLY FROM H[ ! P]SON CALL+ !M \T REMEMB]S IT4 ,A SURVIVOR MAY ASSUME ?AT ?IS IS SIMPLY A PLOY TO AVOID RESPONSIBILITY1 :I* IS POSSIBLE2 BUT (T51 PEOPLE'S MEMORIES SIMPLY DON'T L9E UP4 ,IF ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES >E NOT PSEUDO-JUDICIAL ATTEMPTS TO DET]M9E 0! TRU?0 ( :AT 0REALLY HAPP5$0 AS CONFIRM$ BY SOME AU?ORITY1 H[ CAN WE RECONCILE !SE DIFF]5CES8 ,DO ! MEMORIES ( ALL P>TIES HAVE TO MAT* 9 ORD] = DEM&S TO BE LEGITIMATE8 ,CAN SOMEONE TAKE RESPONSIBILITY = DO+ ?+S !Y DON'T REMEMB]8 

.<#d.> ,IT'S DIFFICULT TO ACKN[L$GE ?IS )\T SLIPP+ 9TO ! K9D ( M9IMIZ+ & D5Y+ LANGUAGE ?AT'S SO (T5 US$ TO SIL5CE SURVIVORS4 ,WE DON'T WANT REACTION>IES TO PICK UP ON IT & USE IT AS ANO!R WEAPON 9 !IR >S5AL ( D5IAL3 0,!Y'RE JU/ P[]-TRIPP+ ON ?IS 'ACC\NTABILITY' TR5D :5 ?AT DOESN'T EV5 APPLY TO ?IS SITUATION10 & SO =?4 ,/ILL1 WE NE$ TO BE ABLE TO TALK OP5LY AB\T ?IS TO LE>N H[ TO RESPOND MORE EFFECTIVELY TO ASSAULT & ABUSE4 

.<#e.> ,AS A SELF-DESCRIB$ P]PETRATOR EXPLA9S 9 A COMM5T ON 0,NOTES ON ,SURVIVOR ,AUTONOMY & ,VIOL5CE03 0,I'M NOT SAY+ ?AT SURVIVORS HAVE TO FEEL EMPA?Y = PEOPLE :O DID !M VIOL5CE4 ,BUT IF WE'RE GO+ TO BUILD COMMUNITIES ?AT CAN ACTUALLY \TSURVIVE PATRI>*Y1 9/EAD ( BE+ ATOMIZ$ & PUMMEL$ TO DU/ BY IT1 ,I ?9K SOMEBODY WILL NE$ TO HAVE EMPA?Y = P]PETRATORS4 ,SPEAK+ FROM MY P]SONAL EXP]I5CE1 ,I KN[ ?AT ,I NEV] W\LD HAVE HAD ! C\RAGE TO ACTUALLY [N UP TO MY %IT & DEAL IF ,I HADN'T F\ND A C\PLE FOLKS ?AT ACTUALLY C>$ AB\T ME & F\ND A WAY TO %[ ME EMPA?Y444 ,& ,I DON'T ?9K EMPA?Y MEANS MAK+ EXCUSES = SOMEONE4 ,9 FACT1 9 ?IS CONTEXT1 ,I ?9K IT MEANS NOT LETT+ SOMEONE MAKE EXCUSES1 NOT LETT+ !M ESCAPE !IR RESPONSIBILITY & !IR HI/ORY1 & MAK+ SURE !Y [N UP TO ! CONSEQU5CES ?AT COME FROM ! ACTIONS !Y'VE TAK54 ,IT ALSO MEANS LI/5+ TO !M1 S9C]ELY1 EV5 :ILE DO+ ?IS1 & SEEK+ UND]/&+4 ,& ,I BELIEVE IT MEANS MAK+ SURE ?AT P]PETRATORS DO FEEL CONSEQU5CES = !IR ACTIONS1 BUT NOT PUNI%M5TS4 ,IT ALSO MEANS F9D+ RES\RCES SO ?AT ! P]PETRATOR CAN FIR/ LE>N & !N PRACTICE A DIFF]5T PATT]N ( HABITS & ACTIONS444 ,I ?9K :AT IS REQUIR$ = ACC\NTABILITY PROCESSES IS EMPA?Y4 ,EMPA?Y & ANG]1 AT ! SAME TIME40 

.<#f.> ,IT'S WOR? ASK+ :E!R OR NOT 0NEUTRALITY0 IS POSSIBLE OR DESIRABLE 9 CONFLICT M$IATION4 ,9 MANY CONFLICTS1 ONE P>TY WIELDS GREAT] P[] ?AN ! O!R1 & IF EF=T ISN'T MADE TO 9T]V5E 9 ?AT P[] DYNAMIC1 NEUTRALITY CAN (T5 AM\NT TO COLLUSION ) P[]4 ,AN ALT]NATIVE MODEL ( A M$IATOR'S ORI5TATION T[>DS P>TIES 9 A CONFLICT IS 0BIP>TIALITY0 RA!R ?AN NEUTRALITY4 ,ACCORD+ TO ?IS FRAMEWORK1 A M$IATOR ADVOCATES = BO? P>TIES1 BUT ALSO *ALL5GES !M :5 !Y LEV]AGE !IR ACCESS TO P[] )9 ! CONFLICT1 ASK+ !M TO CONSID] ! WAYS ?AT !IR P[] BL9D !M TO ! EXP]I5CES ( ?OSE LACK+ ?AT P[]4 

7,S\RCE3 CRIME?9C4COM47 

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